WO2023007354A1 - A cylinder for machinery for manufacturing cellulose plies - Google Patents
A cylinder for machinery for manufacturing cellulose plies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023007354A1 WO2023007354A1 PCT/IB2022/056845 IB2022056845W WO2023007354A1 WO 2023007354 A1 WO2023007354 A1 WO 2023007354A1 IB 2022056845 W IB2022056845 W IB 2022056845W WO 2023007354 A1 WO2023007354 A1 WO 2023007354A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- head
- cylindrical shell
- axial end
- shell
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title description 12
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F5/00—Dryer section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F5/02—Drying on cylinders
- D21F5/021—Construction of the cylinders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to components of machinery for cellulose ply manufacturing facilities, in particular for manufacturing paper.
- Embodiments described herein concern in particular drying cylinders for machinery for manufacturing cellulose plies or webs, such as paper or tissue paper.
- drying cylinders for machinery for manufacturing cellulose plies or webs, such as paper or tissue paper.
- hollow cylinders adapted to be pressurized with steam or another heat- transfer fluid, and intended to dry cellulose plies or webs guided around the drying cylinders.
- drying cylinder also comprises in particular Yankee cylinders.
- the heat is usually provided by a heat-transfer fluid that circulates in the drying cylinder.
- the drying cylinder is hollow.
- the heat-transfer fluid used is high pressure saturated steam.
- the saturated steam has the advantage, through change of status, of producing a high thermal energy transfer per surface unit toward the body of the cylinder.
- the pressure values used are high to allow operating temperatures to be obtained that are sufficiently high to effectively remove the moisture from the cellulose layer until obtaining the desired degree of residual moisture before removing the cellulose ply thus obtained from the drying cylinder.
- drying cylinders must be designed to withstand high pressures in dynamic load conditions and at high operating temperatures.
- the operating conditions are particularly heavy in the case of Yankee cylinders, commonly used for manufacturing paper, in particular tissue paper, and also in dryer section cylinders. These machine members are very large and critical from the viewpoint of safety, due to the operating pressures and temperatures, and resulting thermal and mechanical stresses.
- the high speed rotation of the Yankee cylinders, and of other drying cylinders used in papermaking machinery generate fatigue stresses, particularly critical due to the risk of breakages that can be triggered at cracks or defects in the metal material of which the cylinders are produced.
- Yankee cylinders and dryer section cylinders were mainly made of cast iron.
- various systems have been studied for the production of drying cylinders and Yankee cylinders made of steel.
- This material is particularly suitable for producing dryer section cylinders and Yankee cylinders, as it allows better heat transfer toward the cellulose ply driven around the outer surface of the cylinder.
- Steel cylinders are composed of parts welded together, typically a cylindrical shell with two axial ends, to which respective heads, which carry the pins that rotatingly support the cylinder, are welded or screwed.
- the welds that join the heads to the cylindrical shell in Yankee cylinders and in other drying cylinders for papermaking machinery must meet very high quality and safety standards, as in practice these cylinders form pressure tanks.
- the welds must withstand stresses generated by pressure, by the weight of the cylinder itself and by thermal expansions. These stresses vary with the temperature and can be cyclical due to rotation of the cylinders and to the variation in the operating conditions, causing fatigue stresses. Therefore, the welds must not have defects that can trigger dangerous breakages.
- DE102013213197 discloses a method for thermal coupling between a shell and two heads of a Yankee cylinder. To this end, a difference in temperature is generated between each head and the respective axial end of the cylindrical shell such that, as a result of thermally induced deformations, the inner diameter of an inner projection of the shell becomes larger than the maximum outer diameter of the first head, allowing the head to be inserted into the shell. By then returning the shell and head to the same temperature, the inner diameter of the inner projection of the shell becomes smaller than the outer diameter of the head, blocking the latter.
- a drying cylinder for papermaking machinery for example a Yankee cylinder
- a cylindrical shell defining an axis of the cylinder
- a first head fixed to a first axial end of the cylindrical shell
- a second head fixed to a second axial end of the cylindrical shell.
- the first head, the second head and the cylindrical shell form a pressurizable hollow inner volume of the cylinder, for example by means of steam.
- At least one, and preferably both, of the axial ends of the cylindrical shell comprise an inner annular projection extending radially toward the axis of the cylinder and having a minimum inner diameter smaller than a maximum diameter of the respective head.
- the respective head is mounted so that at least a portion of the head having the maximum diameter is arranged in an axially more internal position with respect to a portion of the inner annular projection having the minimum inner diameter.
- the, or each, head has an outer perimeter circular portion deformable radially, formed by an annular recess on the surface of the head facing the inside of the cylinder, said outer perimeter circular portion having the maximum diameter.
- the outer perimeter circular portion of the head is deformable in radial direction, it is possible to maintain mutual contact between the perimeter edge of the head and the cylindrical shell, avoiding the risk of detachment due, for example, to a difference in temperature of the central zone of the cylindrical shell caused by the paper driven around the drying cylinder.
- Fig.l shows a schematic section of a Yankee cylinder in an embodiment
- Figs. 2A a 2F show an assembly sequence of the Yankee cylinder of Fig.l
- Figs. 3 and 4 show enlargements of the coupling area between a head and an axial end of the shell of the cylinder, in various steps of the assembly process
- Fig.5 shows an enlargement of the coupling area between a head and an axial end of the shell of the cylinder.
- FIG. 1 shows, in a section according to a plane containing the axis of rotation, a simplified embodiment of a drying cylinder according to the invention.
- the cylinder is indicated as a whole with 1 and its axis of rotation is indicated with A-A.
- the cylinder 1 can be a Yankee cylinder for a papermaking machine using a wet process.
- the cylinder 1 can also be a drying cylinder of another type, such as a dryer section cylinder, for a multi-cylinder papermaking machine.
- the cylinder 1 comprises a cylindrical shell 3 that has a first axial end and a second axial end, both indicated with 3 A. Each axial end is closed by a respective head 5.
- a hollow volume 7 is formed inside the heads 5 and the cylindrical shell 3, into which a heat-transfer fluid can be fed and/or can circulate. If the cylinder l is a drying cylinder or a Yankee cylinder for papermaking machinery, the hollow volume 7 can be used for the circulation of saturated steam, which transfers heat to the paper driven around the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical shell 3.
- the heads 5 are integral with respective pins 9 for rotatably supporting the cylinder 1.
- a tie-rod 10 which extends between the two heads 5 is arranged coaxially to the shell 3.
- Each axial end 10A of the tie-rod 10 is anchored to the inside of the respective head 5.
- the inside 7 of the cylinder 1 is pressurized by the heat-transfer fluid, for example saturated steam.
- a part of the axial stress, generated by this pressure, on the heads 5 is transmitted to the inner tie-rod 10.
- the shell 3 and the tie-rod 10 are sized so that, during operation of the Yankee cylinder 1, the tie-rod 10 is subjected to tensile stress, and supports a part of the axial force resulting from the internal pressure generated by the heat-transfer fluid on the two heads 5.
- the residual part of the axial force is transferred to the shell 3.
- the tie-rod 10 is typically at a higher temperature than the temperature of the shell 3, and therefore the axial dimensions of the tie-rod 10 and of the shell 3 must take account of the fact that the latter is subjected to higher thermal elongation deformation than the shell 3.
- the tie-rod 10 is designed with an axial dimension smaller than the distance between the inner faces of the two heads 5 so that during assembly the spacer is pre- tensioned and the shell 3 pre-compressed. This solution ensures that the tie-rod is always tensioned performing its function in any operating condition of the Yankee cylinder 1.
- the shell 3 is subject to a reversal of stress, passing from a condition of compression, when cold and at ambient pressure, to the operating condition of tension, when hot and pressurized.
- the heads 5 will be pulled toward each other and toward the inside of the shell 3 by pre-tensioning of the tie-rod, while, when hot, the heads 5 will be pushed outward by the pressure of the steam or other heat-transfer fluid circulating in the empty volume 7 of the cylinder 1, for the portion of thrust not transferred to the tie-rod 10.
- This residual thrust is transferred to the inner annular projection 10 of each axial end 3 A of the shell 3.
- At least one of the axial ends 3 A of the cylindrical shell 3 comprises an inner annular projection.
- the two axial ends each comprise a respective inner annular projection 11 which extends radially toward the axis A-A of the cylinder 1.
- Figs.4 and 5 illustrate an enlargement of a detail of one of the two inner annular projections 11 in an embodiment. The enlarged portion corresponds to the area indicated with IV in Fig.1.
- the annular projections 11 are defined “inner” in the sense that they extend from the inner surface of the shell 3 toward the axis A-A of the cylinder 1.
- each inner annular projection 11 forms a support for the head 5, to which at least part of the force generated on the respective head 5 by the pressure of the fluid that fills the volume 7 of the cylinder and facing the outside of the cylinder 1 is transferred.
- the shell 3 adjacent to each inner annular projection 11 the shell 3 comprises an annular groove 13 that has a diameter D2.
- grooves 15 are provided in a known manner on the inner surface of the shell 3, for collecting the condensate that forms due to the transfer of heat from the steam fed into the cylinder 1 to the paper that is driven around the outer cylindrical surface of the shell 3.
- each head 5 has an annular recess 5X, which defines an outer perimeter circular portion 5Y of limited thickness along the edge of the head 5.
- the circular portion 5Y is in substance a cylindrical wall that can have a variable radial thickness from the face facing the inside of the cylinder 1 toward the bottom of the annular recess 5X. More in particular, the thickness of the circular portion 5Y increases from the inner surface of the head 5 toward the bottom of the annular recess 5X.
- the perimeter circular portion 5Y of the head 5 forms a lip that is inserted into the respective annular groove 13 of the shell 3.
- This circular lip portion 5Y forms an area with high radial deformability that can expand radially outward when a high pressure is applied inside the cylinder 1, and/or when the axial end 3 A of the cylindrical shell 3 expands as a result of heating.
- High pressures inside the cylinder 1 can occur during use and even more so during hydraulic seal tests.
- the circular lip portion 5Y with high radial deformability ensures that no accidental detachment between the head 5 and the end 3 A of the shell 3 occurs even when the pressure inside the cylinder 1 is very high and/or when the respective axial end 3 A of the cylindrical shell 3 expands radially as a result of heating.
- the circular portion 5Y is defined by a circular outer cylindrical surface 52, coaxial to the cylinder 1 and the outer diameter of which is equal to the maximum diameter D2 of the head, greater than the minimum diameter D1 of the inner projection 11 of the axial end 3 A of the cylindrical shell 3.
- the circular portion 5Y can also be defined internally by a conical surface 54, coaxial to the axis A-A of the cylinder 1 with a vertex outside the cylinder 1.
- the inner surface 54 is inclined and moves toward the axis A-A of the cylinder 1 from the inside toward the outside of the cylinder 1.
- each head 5 to be mounted inside the respective inner annular projection 11, inserting the circular portion 5Yinto the annular groove 13, a thermal process can be used, exploiting differential thermal expansions between head 5 and shell 3.
- the perimeter circular portion 5Y of each head 5 has a dimension in axial direction (according to the axis A-A of the cylinder 1) equal to the axial dimension of the groove 13, so as to obtain a two-way constraint in axial direction of the head 5 with respect to the shell 3. More precisely, the dimension in axial direction, i.e., the thickness, of the head 5 in the radially outermost area in which the circular portion 5Y extends is equal to the dimension in axial direction of the annular groove 13.
- each axial end 3A of the shell 3 and the respective head 5 are taken to different temperatures, to cause an expansion of the axial end 3 A of the shell and/or a radial contraction of the head 5.
- the thermal deformation differential is greater than the difference between the inner diameter D1 of the inner annular projection and the maximum diameter D2 of the head 5.
- FIG.3 shows the same enlarged detail of Fig.4 in a condition of thermal differential between the shell 3 and the head 5.
- the maximum diameter D2’ of the latter becomes smaller than the minimum diameter D 1 ’ of the inner annular projection 11.
- ER indicates the radial thermal expansion between the inner annular projection 11 and the head 5 and EA indicates the axial thermal expansion.
- the inner weld bead 53 prevents steam from penetrating from inside the cylinder toward the interface between the cylindrical surface 52 of the head 5 and the bottom of the annular groove 13 of the end 3 A of the cylindrical shell 3.
- the outer weld bead 51 prevents moisture or other pollutants from outside the cylinder from penetrating toward the interface between the cylindrical surface 52 of the head 5 and the bottom of the annular groove 13. In this way, the risk of corrosion of the surfaces of the head 5 and of the cylindrical shell 3 in the mutual interlocking area is avoided.
- FIGs. 2A-2F shows a way of implementing the method described above of assembling the heads 5 on the shell 3.
- both heads 5 are assembled with the same technique, it must be understood that some advantages of the present invention can also be obtained in the case in which only one of the heads 5 is assembled according to the method described herein.
- FIG.2A A first step of the method is illustrated schematically in Fig.2A.
- the shell 3 of the cylinder 1 is preferably arranged in vertical position. At least the area of the axial end 3 A facing upward is heated by means of the heat supply Q so that a first head 5 can be inserted, lowering it from above (arrow FI) once the maximum diameter D2 of the head is smaller than the minimum diameter DL of the inner annular projection 11 obtained through thermal expansion.
- the head 5 can be cooled.
- the shell 3 is cooled (and/or the head 5 is heated) until the head 5 is blocked in the end 3 A of the shell 3 (Fig.4).
- the shell 3 with the first head 5 mounted is rotated to take the head 5 downward and the axial end 3A still without head upward.
- the tie-rod 10 is lowered inside the shell 3, taking to rest with its lower axial end on the head 5.
- the tie-rod 10 is secured, for example with screws 31, to the lower head 5 (Fig.2D).
- the second head 5 (Fig.2E) is applied by lowering it from above and inserting it into the shell 3 inside the inner annular projection 11 through thermal deformation of the head 5 and/or of the shell 3 (or of its axial end 3 A).
- Fig.2F shows the final step of blocking the tie-rod 10 to the upper head 5 through screws 31.
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- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP22747790.8A EP4377511A1 (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2022-07-25 | A cylinder for machinery for manufacturing cellulose plies |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT102021000020027 | 2021-07-27 | ||
IT102021000020027A IT202100020027A1 (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING A ROLL FOR MACHINES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSIC PLY, AND ROLL |
IT102021000030188 | 2021-11-30 | ||
IT202100030188 | 2021-11-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2023007354A1 true WO2023007354A1 (en) | 2023-02-02 |
Family
ID=82702885
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2022/056845 WO2023007354A1 (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2022-07-25 | A cylinder for machinery for manufacturing cellulose plies |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4377511A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2023007354A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4399169A (en) * | 1981-06-22 | 1983-08-16 | Mcgowan Paul J | Insulative end cap for cylindrical metal drying rollers of paper drying machines, and process for fabrication thereof |
AT11146U1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-05-15 | Toscotec S R L | YANKEY CYLINDER FOR A MACHINE FOR PAPER MANUFACTURE |
WO2015000647A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Drying roller and a method for the production of same |
DE102013213197A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Drying roller and method for producing a drying roller |
-
2022
- 2022-07-25 EP EP22747790.8A patent/EP4377511A1/en active Pending
- 2022-07-25 WO PCT/IB2022/056845 patent/WO2023007354A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4399169A (en) * | 1981-06-22 | 1983-08-16 | Mcgowan Paul J | Insulative end cap for cylindrical metal drying rollers of paper drying machines, and process for fabrication thereof |
AT11146U1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-05-15 | Toscotec S R L | YANKEY CYLINDER FOR A MACHINE FOR PAPER MANUFACTURE |
WO2015000647A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Drying roller and a method for the production of same |
DE102013213197A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Drying roller and method for producing a drying roller |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP4377511A1 (en) | 2024-06-05 |
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