WO2023002727A1 - Washing system and washing method - Google Patents

Washing system and washing method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023002727A1
WO2023002727A1 PCT/JP2022/017803 JP2022017803W WO2023002727A1 WO 2023002727 A1 WO2023002727 A1 WO 2023002727A1 JP 2022017803 W JP2022017803 W JP 2022017803W WO 2023002727 A1 WO2023002727 A1 WO 2023002727A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
washing
water
filtration
rinsing
rinsing water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/017803
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
章 西村
Original Assignee
株式会社流機エンジニアリング
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社流機エンジニアリング filed Critical 株式会社流機エンジニアリング
Publication of WO2023002727A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023002727A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B01D29/05—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported
    • B01D29/07—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements supported with corrugated, folded or wound filtering sheets
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/08—Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/10—Filtering arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers

Definitions

  • Patent Document 1 discloses a laundry system that uses alkaline ionized water and acidic ionized water generated by electrolyzing salt water to reduce environmental pollution and pollution problems so that a small amount of detergent can be used.
  • Patent Document 1 has the advantage of requiring only a small amount of detergent, there is concern that the use of salt will corrode the device, and that salt is required each time washing is performed. There is a cumbersome need to manage the remaining amount, which causes other problems, and it cannot be said that the fundamental problem of reducing the amount of washing liquid waste has been solved.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a washing system and a washing method in which the amount of waste liquid is suppressed.
  • washing water supplied to the washing tub rinsing water supplied to the washing tub, and filtering means for filtering the washing water and the rinsing water discharged from the washing tub, washing water circulates through the washing tub and the filtering means; rinsing water circulates through the washing tub and the filtering means;
  • a washing system characterized by:
  • washing In this washing system, service water circulates through the washing tub and the filtration means, the washing water and the rinsing water that have been discharged are regenerated because the filtration means is provided, and the regenerated washing water and the rinsing water are resupplied to the washing tub. Because of this configuration, washing can be performed without supplying new water from outside the system each time a washing process or a rinsing process is performed. Since washing is performed by circulating washing water and rinsing water, water used for washing can be greatly reduced.
  • washing water tank in which washing water is stored; a rinsing water tank in which rinsing water is stored; washing water discharged from the washing tub is filtered by the filtering means and sent to the washing water tank; The rinsing water discharged from the washing tub is filtered by the filtering means and sent to the rinsing water tank.
  • a waste liquid tank for storing washing water and rinsing water discharged from the washing tub The waste liquid tank is provided with a mechanism for adjusting the discharge amount of stored washing water and rinsing water, wherein the filtering means filters washing water and rinsing water discharged from the waste liquid tank;
  • the laundry system of the first aspect is provided with a mechanism for adjusting the discharge amount of stored washing water and rinsing water, wherein the filtering means filters washing water and rinsing water discharged from the waste liquid tank;
  • the waste liquid tank it is possible to control the amount of liquid supplied from the waste liquid tank to the filtration means in accordance with the filtration speed of the filtration means.
  • the filtering means captures solids contained in the washing water and rinsing water and allows the residue to pass through.
  • the laundry system of the first aspect captures solids contained in the washing water and rinsing water and allows the residue to pass through.
  • washing water and rinsing water are filtered to remove solids, they can be used again in the washing process and the rinsing process.
  • a plurality of the washing tubs are provided, The washing water circulates through at least one of the plurality of washing tubs and the filtering means, The rinsing water circulates through at least one of the plurality of washing tubs and the filtering means, The laundry system of the first aspect.
  • washing and rinsing can be performed in parallel, and a large amount of laundry can be washed at once.
  • the washing water is water in which a detergent is dissolved or alkaline water.
  • the laundry system of the first aspect is water in which a detergent is dissolved or alkaline water.
  • washing water is water in which detergent is dissolved or alkaline water, stains on the laundry are effectively removed.
  • the filtering means is A first chamber into which unfiltered washing water and rinsing water flow, a second chamber into which filtered treated liquid flows out, a filtration filter that partitions the first chamber and the second chamber, and the first chamber
  • the cleaning granules for cleaning the filtration filter and a vibrating body for vibrating at least one of the filtration filter and the cleaning granules.
  • the filtration means is used continuously, turbid particles will stick to the filtration membrane and cause clogging, resulting in a decrease in filtration speed.
  • the adhering turbid particles are fluidized, and the reduction in the filtration rate of the filter membrane is eliminated.
  • the filtration filter is a pleated filter formed into a cylindrical shape by bending a flat filter material into a bellows shape, and having a vertical axis, The bulkiness of the washed granules is equal to or greater than the height of the pleated filter in the vertical direction.
  • the laundry system of the ninth aspect is a pleated filter formed into a cylindrical shape by bending a flat filter material into a bellows shape, and having a vertical axis, The bulkiness of the washed granules is equal to or greater than the height of the pleated filter in the vertical direction.
  • the washed granules adhere to the entire outer surface of the filtration filter, and efficient filtration can be performed.
  • washing water supply step of supplying washing water to the washing tub; a rinsing water supply step of supplying rinsing water to the washing tub; and a filtering step of filtering the washing water and the rinsing water discharged from the washing tub, washing water is circulated through the washing water supplying step and the filtering step; rinsing water circulates through the washing water supplying step and the filtering step;
  • a washing method characterized by:
  • a washing system and washing method in which the amount of waste liquid is suppressed is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a filtration system according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. is an enlarged view of a filtering device. It is a top view of a filtration filter.
  • 4 is an enlarged view of a Y portion of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the fold portion of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. (5A) shows the state before filtration, and
  • (5B) shows the state during filtration.
  • FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line ⁇ - ⁇ in FIG. 2;
  • the upper filtration membrane sealing portion is hatched. It is a figure showing the process of washing.
  • FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a filtration system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 is a diagram representing the filtering means of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a filtration system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
  • One embodiment of the present invention is a filter for filtering washing water supplied to the washing tub 100, rinsing water supplied to the washing tub 100, and washing water and rinsing water discharged from the washing tub 100.
  • washing water circulates through the washing tub 100 and the filtration means, and rinsing water circulates through the washing tub 100 and the filtration means; a washing water supply step of supplying washing water to the washing tub 100; a rinsing water supply step of supplying rinsing water to the washing tub 100;
  • the washing method is characterized in that washing water circulates through the washing water supplying step and the filtering step, and rinsing water circulates through the washing water supplying step and the filtering step.
  • washing water tank 120 In the washing system, the laundry is washed with washing water and the laundry is rinsed with rinsing water.
  • the washing water refers to water used for washing the laundry
  • the rinsing water refers to water used for rinsing the laundry.
  • a tank in which washing water is stored is called a washing water tank 120
  • a tank in which rinsing water is stored is called a rinsing water tank 110 .
  • the washing water tank 120 can store at least an amount of washing water sufficient to wash the laundry to be washed in the washing tub 100 .
  • the rinsing water tank 110 can store at least an amount of rinsing water sufficient to sufficiently rinse the laundry to be rinsed in the washing tub 100 .
  • a washing water tank discharge port is provided at the bottom of the washing water tank 120 , and the discharge port and the washing tub supply port are connected by a discharge pipe 129 .
  • the bottom of the rinsing water tank 110 is provided with a rinsing water tank discharge port, and the discharge port and the washing tub supply port are connected by a discharge pipe 119 .
  • the downstream portion of the discharge pipe 129 and the downstream portion of the discharge pipe 119 may be joined to form a single pipe and connected to the washing tub supply port.
  • the valve V3 may be provided on the upstream side of the junction in the discharge pipe 129 and the valve V4 may be provided on the upstream side of the junction in the discharge pipe 119 .
  • the washing water stored in the washing water tank 120 flows from the washing water tank discharge port through the discharge pipe 129 and is supplied into the washing tub from the supply port of the washing tub 100 .
  • the rinsing water stored in the rinsing water tank 110 flows through the drain pipe 119 from the rinsing water tank outlet and is supplied from the supply port of the washing tub 100 into the washing tub.
  • the washing water discharged from the washing tub 100 is filtered by the filtering means and sent to the washing water tank 120, and the rinsing water discharged from the washing tub 100 is filtered by the filtering means. It is configured such that the water is fed to the rinsing water tank 110 at the same time.
  • the washing tub 100 is a device capable of washing, rinsing, and dehydrating the laundry, and may be a vertical tub or a drum-type tub.
  • the washing tub 100 includes a washing tub supply port for receiving washing water and rinsing water, and a washing tub discharge port for discharging washing water and rinsing water.
  • washing water When the washing water is supplied to the washing tub 100, the washing process is performed, and after the washing process is performed for a predetermined time, the washing water is discharged from the washing tub outlet.
  • the rinsing water is supplied to the washing tub 100, the rinsing process is performed, and after the rinsing process is performed for a predetermined time, the rinsing water is discharged from the washing tub outlet.
  • particles adhering to the laundry also referred to as turbid particles
  • the washing water or rinsing water becomes turbid.
  • the washing water containing cloudy particles discharged from the washing tub outlet is referred to here as “waste washing water” in order to distinguish it from the washing water before the washing process.
  • rinsing water containing cloudy particles discharged from the washing tub outlet is referred to herein as “waste rinsing water” in order to distinguish it from rinsing water before rinsing treatment.
  • waste water A refers to waste washing water or waste rinsing water, and does not refer to a mixture of both waters.
  • cloudy particles include, but are not limited to, dirt particles and lint detached from the laundry, microplastics, and radioactive dust.
  • the waste liquid A flows through the waste liquid pipe 128 that connects the washing tub outlet and the strainer 130 and flows into the strainer 130 .
  • the waste liquid pipe 128 can be provided with a valve V5. However, as shown in FIG. 11, without providing the strainer 130 and the waste liquid tank 140 located downstream thereof, the downstream end of the waste liquid pipe 128 is connected to the filtering device 10 in the filtering means, and the waste liquid A is filtered from the washing tub outlet. It may also be configured to flow directly into the device 10 .
  • strainer 130 When the waste liquid A reaches the strainer 130 , the turbid particles contained in the waste liquid A are separated by the strainer 130 , and the residue permeates the strainer 130 and flows through the waste liquid pipe 139 into the waste liquid tank 140 .
  • a strainer a mesh, a wire mesh, and a punching metal can be exemplified so that relatively large turbid particles are separated.
  • the mesh size of the strainer 130 can be, for example, 0.1-0.25 mm.
  • a waste liquid tank 140 for storing washing water and rinsing water (that is, waste liquid A) discharged from the washing tub 100 can be provided.
  • the waste liquid tank 140 can be provided with a mechanism capable of adjusting the discharge amount of the stored washing water and rinsing water. For example, by providing a valve (which may be an electromagnetic valve) at the discharge port of the waste liquid tank 140 and adjusting the opening of the valve, the flow rate of the waste liquid flowing from the waste liquid tank 140 to the filtration means changes, resulting in the filtration in the filtration means. Speed can be adjusted.
  • a valve which may be an electromagnetic valve
  • the waste liquid tank 140 is provided with a waste liquid pipe supply port for receiving the waste liquid from the waste liquid pipe 139 and a waste liquid tank discharge port for discharging the waste liquid A stored in the waste liquid tank 140 .
  • the volume of the waste liquid tank 140 is not particularly limited, for example, it can store at least the amount of washing water or the amount of rinsing water supplied to the washing tub 100 for one time. When a plurality of washing tubs 100 are provided, the volume of the waste liquid tank 140 should be increased according to the number of washing tubs 100 .
  • the waste liquid tank discharge port and the filtration device 10 are connected by a waste liquid pipe 145 , and the waste liquid A discharged from the waste liquid tank 140 passes through the waste liquid pipe 145 and is supplied to the filtration device 10 .
  • a pump P1 can be provided in the waste liquid pipe 145 to send the waste liquid A downstream. As the pump P1, it is preferable to use one provided with a check valve for preventing backflow.
  • the waste liquid A supplied to the filtering device 10 is filtered to become the processing liquid B.
  • the treated liquid B flows through a treated liquid tube 148 whose proximal end is connected to the filtrate discharge tube 15 .
  • the tip of the treatment liquid pipe 148 is bifurcated, one tip 102 is connected to the washing water tank 120 and the other tip 103 is connected to the rinsing water tank 110 .
  • a valve V11 is provided at the distal end portion 102, and a valve V12 is provided at the distal end portion 103, respectively.
  • When supplying the treatment liquid B to the washing water tank 120 it is preferable to close the valve V12 and open the valve V11 to supply water.
  • the treatment liquid B When the treatment liquid B is waste washing water filtered by filtering means, the treatment liquid B should be sent to the washing water tank 120 and stored until the next washing process starts. On the other hand, when the treatment liquid B is waste rinsing water filtered by a filtering means, the treatment liquid B should be sent to the rinsing water tank 110 and stored until the next rinsing treatment starts.
  • the washing water circulates between the washing tub 100 and the filtering means, and the rinsing water circulates between the washing tub 100 and the filtering means.
  • wash water and rinse water can be operated without mixing.
  • the washing water and the rinsing water are partially or wholly mixed with each other.
  • filtering means An example of the filtering means is shown in FIG. Details will be described below.
  • the filtration device 10 filters the waste liquid A with the filtration filter 12 in the closed filtration container 11, and performs dead end filtration (for example, filtrate, hereinafter referred to as "filtrate B") for discharging the treated liquid B. dead-end filtration) type device.
  • Symbol FL in FIG. 2 indicates an example of a flow of the waste liquid A that has flowed into the filtering device 10 being filtered and discharged as the treated liquid B from the filtering device 10 .
  • the filtration device 10 includes a filtration container 11 that houses a filtration membrane 12m.
  • a supply port 11A for the waste liquid A and a discharge port 11C for the contaminated slurry K are provided at the bottom of the filtration container 11, and a discharge port 11B for the treatment liquid (filtrate) B and a supply port for the washing powder F are provided at the top of the filtration container 11. 160 are provided.
  • the polluted slurry K is an agglomerate of polluted particles contained in the waste liquid A. As shown in FIG.
  • the filtration container 11 is composed of a first chamber into which the waste liquid A before filtration (that is, washing water and rinsing water) flows in, and a second chamber into which the filtered treatment liquid flows out.
  • the waste liquid A that has flowed into the first chamber is filtered by the filtration membrane 12m that separates the first and second chambers, flows into the second chamber, becomes a treated liquid (filtrate), and flows out of the second chamber.
  • the filtering container 11 mainly has a blocking wall 88, a separating wall 86, and a filtering membrane 12m.
  • the area within the frame of the thick line Z in the filtration container 11 is the second chamber, and the area outside the frame of the thick line Z is the first chamber.
  • the filter container 11 is divided into upper and lower parts by a blocking wall 88, and a cylindrical separating wall 86 is provided in the upper part so that the central axis of the filtering container 11 extends in the vertical direction. 11, and the lower end is joined to the blocking wall 88.
  • the isolation wall 86 is made of a liquid-impermeable material, and the liquid in the filtration container 11 flows through the isolation wall 86, the joint between the isolation wall 86 and the top surface of the filtration container 11, and the joint between the isolation wall 86 and the blocking wall 88. There is no way to go back and forth between the first chamber and the second chamber through the part. 12 m of filtration membranes are provided in the other lower part.
  • the blocking wall 88 may be joined to the side inner wall of the filter container 11.
  • the cleaning powder F supplied from the cleaning powder F supply port 160 is It is preferable to provide a doughnut-shaped space so that the water flows into the water.
  • the blocking wall 88 and the isolation wall 86 may be configured as a single unit.
  • the liquid in the filtration container 11 is configured to permeate the filtration membrane 12m and flow from the first chamber to the second chamber, and travels between the first chamber and the second chamber from locations other than the filtration membrane 12m. never.
  • a strainer 55 is provided between the bottom surface of the filtration container 11 and the lower end 12u of the filtration membrane.
  • the strainer 55 is arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the filter container 11 and has its peripheral edge joined to the lateral inner wall of the filter container 11 .
  • the strainer 55 has a mesh opening of 0.2 to 0.3 mm, and the cleaning powder F supplied from the supply port 160 passes through the discharge port 11C of the polluted slurry K and the supply port 11A of the waste liquid A at the bottom of the filter container 11. It is provided so that it does not flow out from the A supporting member 56 can be provided for holding the strainer 55 and suppressing the swinging of the strainer 55 and supporting the filtration filter 12 .
  • This support member 56 is preferably fixed to the bottom of the filtration container 11 .
  • the strainer 55 may be arranged so as to cover the discharge port 11C of the contaminated slurry K and the supply port 11A of the waste liquid A, respectively.
  • a cylindrical body 12s Inside the filtration container 11, a cylindrical body 12s having a permeation hole for the filtrate B formed on the wall surface and a filtrate passage 12r formed therein is provided.
  • the one shown in the figure is cylindrical, and is arranged in the filtration container 11 with its central axis extending along the vertical direction of the filtration container 11 .
  • the shape and posture of the tubular body 12s are not particularly limited, and the shape of the tubular body 12s may be changed to any known shape such as a square tube. You may install in the filtration container 11 so that a central axis may become a horizontal direction.
  • the illustrated cylindrical body 12s is formed by molding a flat plate made of punching metal or the like having a permeation hole into a cylindrical shape, and the space inside the cylindrical body 12s serves as a filtrate passage 12r.
  • a filtration membrane 12m is provided outside the wall surface of the cylindrical body 12s.
  • a flat filter material is folded in a zigzag (accordion shape) and wrapped around the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 12s to form a cylindrical pleated filter. It is preferable to use By using a pleated filter, the surface area of the filter is increased compared to a simple flat filtration membrane in which the filter material is not folded, so that the processing capacity of the waste liquid A per unit time can be significantly increased.
  • a plurality of folds 2 can be formed by folding the filter medium in a zigzag manner as described above.
  • This pleated filter has the advantage that the polluted slurry K can be easily peeled off and discharged because the distance between adjacent folds 2 and wall surfaces of the folds 2 gradually widens from the inside to the outside.
  • the length L1 between adjacent folds and the leading ends 2p, 2p of the folds can be, for example, 5 mm, and the length L2 from the leading end 2p to the proximal end 2b of the folds can be set, for example, to 45 mm. can be done.
  • the filtration membrane 12m can be a single layer or multiple layers.
  • material (filter material) of the filtration membrane 12m for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (also known as "Teflon” (registered trademark)), polyester, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin, nylon, stainless steel, or the like can be used.
  • the film thickness of the filtration membrane 12m is preferably 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm, more preferably 0.6 mm.
  • the fiber diameter of the filter medium (meaning projected area circle equivalent diameter, Heywood diameter; hereinafter the same) is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m.
  • the resistance during filtration will increase and the apparent surface area will become narrower. Further, if fibers having a fiber diameter larger than 3 ⁇ m are used, turbid particles in the waste liquid A will permeate through the gaps between the fibers of the filtration membrane 12m. Therefore, it is preferable to form the filtration membrane 12m having a certain degree of coarseness by using a filter medium having a fiber diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m. With such a filtration membrane 12m, turbid particles in the waste liquid A adhering to the surface of the filtration membrane 12m act as a filtration layer during filtration.
  • the length of the filtration membrane 12m in the longitudinal direction can be, for example, 200 mm to 400 mm.
  • the surface 12f of the filtration membrane 12m refers to the surface facing the filtration container 11 and the surface in contact with the waste liquid A.
  • the rear surface 12b of the filtration membrane 12m refers to the surface facing the cylindrical body 12s and the surface in contact with the filtrate B. As shown in FIG.
  • the filtration membrane 12m having a predetermined strength or more so that the surface 12f of the filtration membrane 12m is not damaged during washing.
  • tensile strength (N/5 cm) vertical: 1200, horizontal: 700, bursting strength (kgf/cm 2 ) vertical: 25 is preferably used.
  • the upper and lower ends of the pleats of the filtration membrane 12m are each sealed to prevent the waste liquid A from flowing into the filtrate passage 12r without passing through the filtration membrane 12m.
  • the seal portion at the upper end of the filtration membrane 12m is referred to as an upper filtration membrane seal portion 14a, and the seal portion at the lower end of the filtration membrane 12m is referred to as a lower filtration membrane seal portion 14b.
  • the distance N from the lateral inner wall of the filtration container 11 to the filtration membrane 12m is preferably about 3 mm to 15 mm, more preferably about 5 to 8 mm.
  • the filtration membrane 12m may collide with the inner wall of the filtration container 11 and be damaged when the filtration membrane 12m vibrates. Since the volume of 50 s becomes large, a large amount of the washing powder F must be supplied into the filtration container 11 in order to deposit the washing powder F around the filtration membrane 12m, resulting in a long washing time. is likely to be longer.
  • a blocking wall 88 can be provided at the upper end portion of the filtration membrane 12m.
  • the blocking wall 88 is not particularly limited, it is preferably liquid-impermeable or water-impermeable. It is even better if it has elasticity.
  • silicon sponge, fluororubber sponge, urethane rubber sponge, or the like can be used.
  • the blocking wall 88 shown in FIG. 2 consists of an annular plate-like member having a through hole 88c in the central portion. The outer peripheral wall 88b of the blocking wall 88 is separated from the side wall of the filter container 11 to form a gap through which the cleaning powder F supplied from the supply port 160 can pass.
  • the size of the through hole 88c provided in the central portion of the blocking wall 88 is the same size as the filtrate passage 12r, but may be smaller than the filtrate passage 12r. It is not preferable to make the through hole 88c of the blocking wall 88 larger than the filtrate passage 12r.
  • the size of the through hole 88c of the blocking wall 88 is made larger than the size of the filtrate passage 12r, the waste liquid A and the washing powder F are prevented from moving to the liquid storage chamber 51 without passing through the filtration membrane 12m. It's good to have some sort of barrier.
  • This blocking wall 88 is a packing provided to prevent the waste liquid A from moving to the second chamber (for example, the filtrate passage 12r or the liquid storage chamber 51) without passing through the filtration membrane 12m. Further, by imparting elasticity to the blocking wall 88 , the vibrating force of the vibrating body 73 can be concentrated on the filtration filter 12 , thereby preventing the vibration of the vibrating body 73 from being transmitted to the filtering container 11 . can.
  • the hardness of the blocking wall 88 is not particularly limited, it is preferably about 40 to 160 KPa, more preferably about 60 to 90 KPa.
  • the sealing by the blocking wall 88 is not sufficient, and the waste liquid A in the side gap 50s may pass through the gap of the blocking wall 88 and leak into the liquid storage chamber 51 .
  • the vibration of the vibrating body 73 is likely to be transmitted to the filter container 11 .
  • the hardness (compressive modulus) of the blocking wall 88 is measured according to JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) K6254.
  • the waste liquid A is put in from the bottom side of the filtration container 11, and the treated liquid B is discharged from the top side of the filtration container 11. Therefore, the blocking wall 88 is provided above the filtration membrane 12m, The blocking wall 88 covers the upper end of the filtration filter 12 from the upper side and is joined to the upper end of the filtration filter 12. The liquid in the filtration container 11 passes through this joint to flow into the first chamber and the second chamber.
  • the blocking wall 88 is provided below the filtration membrane 12m, and the blocking wall 88 is It is preferable that the lower end of the filtration filter 12 is covered from below.
  • a liquid storage chamber 51 is provided inside the filtration container 11 .
  • the liquid storage chamber 51 is a chamber provided to store the filtrate B, is provided in the rear stage of the filtration filter 12, and is a part of the second chamber.
  • the filtrate passage 12r is formed inside the filter 12, and the liquid storage chamber 51 is formed in the filtrate passage 12r. is provided further behind. 2 and 8, the filtrate passage 12r (the upper end of the filtrate passage 12r is similar to the upper end of the filtration filter 12 and the lower end of the filtrate passage 12r is similar to the lower end of the filtration filter 12).
  • the liquid storage chamber 51 is provided above the blocking wall 88.
  • the advantage of providing the liquid storage chamber 51 is demonstrated in the cleaning of the filtration means, which will be described later.
  • the pressed filtrate B flows backward through the filtration filter 12, involves the contaminated slurry K, and is discharged from the discharge port 11C. be. This makes it difficult for the contaminated slurry K to remain inside the filtration container 11 .
  • the polluted slurry K is formed by agglomeration of polluted particles, and when subjected to a weak impact, the agglomerates are easily broken into fine particles.
  • the contaminated slurry K formed on the surface of the filtration filter 12 passes through the strainer 55 and is discharged from the discharge port 11C. Even if it is large, it breaks into fine particles due to the impact when it collides with the strainer 55, so it easily passes through the strainer 55.
  • the filtration filter 12 is provided on the bottom side of the filtration container 11, the waste liquid A is supplied from the bottom side of the filtration container 11, and the filtrate B is discharged from the top side of the filtration container 11. Therefore, a liquid storage chamber 51 is provided above the filtration container 11 .
  • the filtration filter 12 is provided on the upper side of the filtration vessel 11, the waste liquid A is supplied from the upper side of the filtration vessel 11, and the filtrate B is discharged from the lower side of the filtration vessel 11, the filtration vessel 11 It is preferable to provide a liquid storage chamber 51 on the lower side of the .
  • the size of this liquid storage chamber 51 can be determined arbitrarily.
  • the filtration container 11 is vertically divided into two equal parts, the upper half being the liquid storage chamber 51, and the lower half being provided with the filtration filter 12 to provide a filtration processing space (blocking wall 88). A space on the opposite side of the boundary from the liquid storage chamber 51.
  • this ratio can be arbitrarily changed, in order to discharge the washing powder F, the contaminated slurry K, etc. from the filter container 11, a certain amount of filtrate B is stored in the liquid storage chamber 51. need to leave In addition, if the amount of the filtrate B to be stored is too large, in the embodiments as shown in FIGS. Failure to do so may result in malfunction.
  • the ratio of the volume of the liquid storage chamber 51 to the volume of the filtration processing space is preferably 1 (the volume of the liquid storage chamber 51) to 1.2 or more (the volume of the filtration processing space). It is more preferable to set the ratio of the volume of the liquid chamber 51) to 1.5 or more (the volume of the filtration processing space).
  • FIG. 5(5A) is a cross-sectional enlarged view of the filtration membrane 12m before filtration
  • FIG. 5(5B) is a cross-sectional enlarged view of the filtration membrane 12m during filtration.
  • the filter support 29 is provided. can prevent this blockage.
  • the film thickness 2w of the filtration membrane 12m is narrower than before filtration.
  • the filtration device 10 of FIG. 2 has the supply port 11A for the waste liquid A on the bottom surface of the filtration container 11, but it may be changed to an arbitrary location such as the upper portion or the side portion of the filtration container 11. .
  • the upper portion of the filtration container 11 is provided with the discharge port 11B for discharging the filtrate B to the outside of the filtration container 11 .
  • the filtrate B moves from the upper end opening of the filtrate passage 12r through the central opening of the blocking wall 88 to the storage chamber 51, and then is led to the treated liquid pipe 148 through the filtrate discharge pipe 15 and the discharge port 11B.
  • the discharge port 11B for the filtrate B is provided in the upper part of the filtration container 11, but it can be changed to any position such as providing in the lower part or the side part of the filtration container 11. be able to.
  • the processing liquid pipe 148 can be provided with a supply pipe 181 for additionally supplying water W to the circulating liquid. However, it is preferable to use this water W to prepare washing water and rinsing water for this washing system.
  • the washing granular material supply means includes a washing granular material storage tank 75 that stores the washing granular material F, and a washing granular material F that is sent from the washing granular material storage tank 75 to the filtering container 11 and supplied. It has a body supply tube 78 .
  • the cleaning granules F can be supplied to the filter container 11 together with compressed air or liquid flowing through the cleaning granules supply pipe 78 .
  • a pressure pump such as a vane pump or a tube pump can be used, although not limited thereto.
  • the first chamber may be filled in advance without providing the cleaning powder supply means.
  • the washed granules F mean powders and granules, and for example, beads such as spherical plastic beads, spherical glass beads, spherical perlite beads, spherical sponges such as spherical PVC sponges, and sands such as silica sand are used. be able to.
  • the cleaning granules F rub against the filtration filter 12 . Therefore, from the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of the filtration filter 12, it is not preferable that the cleaning granules F are particles having corners such as sand. It is preferably a fine particle.
  • the cleaning powder F should not have high hardness.
  • the hardness of the washed granular material F is preferably R20 to R110. Therefore, although the specific gravity of the washed powder F is not particularly limited, it is preferably, for example, 0.7 to 1.2 g/cm 3 .
  • the washed granular material F preferably has a particle size suitable for recovery and reuse, that is, classification. Specifically, the particle size is preferably 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm, more preferably 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm. can be used for The particle size of the washed powder F is a value measured according to JIS Z8800.
  • the washing granules F in the first chamber are subjected to water pressure in the flow direction by the waste liquid A, adhere to the entire outer surface of the filtration membrane 12m, and form a layer of granules. do.
  • the washed granules F adhere to the surface of the layer one after another and grow into a layer composed of a large amount of the washed granules F and having a predetermined thickness.
  • This layer made of the washed granules serves as a so-called precoat layer, and can prevent turbid particles contained in the waste liquid A from directly contacting the filtration membrane 12m and damaging the outer surface of the filtration membrane 12m.
  • the filter 12 is less likely to be clogged with turbid particles, that is, the filtering efficiency is less likely to decrease.
  • the layer closer to the filtration membrane 12m maintains an attached state, but the outer side (surface side) of the layer is washed.
  • the adhesive force between the particles is weak, and the layers are easily deformed or easily flowed.
  • most of the turbid particles are trapped in the outer layer, which has a weaker adhesion.
  • the cleaning granules near the outside of the layer rub against each other due to mutual flow, there is an advantage that the contaminated particles captured by the cleaning granules are peeled off by the impact of the rubbing and easily recovered as contaminated slurry.
  • the polluted slurry K adhering to the outer surface is peeled off and the filtration membrane 12m is hardly clogged. , there is also an effect that the filtration rate is less likely to decrease.
  • the filtering means of this embodiment is provided with a vibrating body 73 that vibrates the filtering filter 12 in a state in which the cleaning powders F are accumulated in the filtration container 11 to rub the filtering filter 12 against the cleaning powders F.
  • the vibrating body 73 includes a filtration filter vibrating device 70 placed on the bottom surface 21d of the filtration membrane 12m, and a gas supply pipe 72 used for sending the compressed gas AR to the filtration filter vibrating device 70 from outside the filtration device 10. , has a gas exhaust pipe 71 for sending the compressed gas AR used for vibrating the filter vibrating device 70 out of the filtering device 10 .
  • the filtration filter vibration device 70 is not particularly limited.
  • a vibrator (piston vibrator) is used as the filter vibrator 70, but a ball vibrator, an electromagnetic solenoid, an air knocker, or the like may be used instead.
  • the attachment position of the filtration filter vibration device 70 can be changed as appropriate, and for example, it may be attached to the top surface 21u of the filtration membrane 12m, or may be attached to the inner surface of the cylindrical body 12s. Since the dirty slurry K adheres to the outer surface of the filtration membrane 12m, when the filtration membrane 12m is vibrated by the vibrator 73, the dirty slurry K vibrates together with the filtration membrane 12m. Easy to peel off.
  • the vibrating body 73 may have a cleaning powder/granule vibration device that vibrates the cleaning powder/granule F stored between the filtration container 11 and the filtration membrane 12m.
  • a cleaning powder or granular material vibrating device There is no particular limitation on the cleaning powder or granular material vibrating device.
  • a vibrator may be provided between the filter container 11 and the filter membrane 12m as a washing powder or grain vibrating device, and the washing powder or grain F may be vibrated by the vibration of this vibrator.
  • a gas jetting device 73a as a cleaning powder vibrating device is provided between the filtration container 11 and the filtration membrane 12m, and the cleaning powder F may be vibrated.
  • a device such as a high-frequency vibrator, an ultrasonic vibrator, or the like may be provided to vibrate the cleaning powder F.
  • the filter membrane 12m is not directly vibrated as shown in FIG.
  • the vibration distance of the cleaning powder F can be increased, so the friction between the filtration membrane 12m or the dirty slurry K and the cleaning powder F can be made stronger.
  • both the filtering filter vibrating device 70 for vibrating the filtering filter 12 and the cleaning powder/granule vibrating device for vibrating the cleaning powder/granule F may be provided. By providing both, it is possible to increase the peeling force of the polluted slurry K compared to the case where only one is provided.
  • a gas supply pipe 72 used to send the compressed gas AR to the filtration filter vibrating device 70 is connected to the compressor 173 by air pipes 170 and 172 .
  • the air pipes 170 and 172 are provided with valves V20.
  • the compressor 173 can supply compressed gas at, for example, 0.4 MPa, and the supplied compressed gas is sent to the vibrator 73 through the gas supply pipe 72 .
  • a discharge means is provided for blowing compressed gas CA2 into the filtration container 11 to discharge the polluted slurry K in the filtration container 11 from the filtration container 11 .
  • This discharging means includes a gas compressor for generating compressed gas CA2 (compressed gas for discharge) for discharging the cleaning powder F from the filter container 11, and a supply pipe for sending the compressed gas CA2 to the filter container 11. 171.
  • the compressor 173 may also serve as the gas compressor. In this case, the compression rate of the gas by the compressor 173 may be changed between when it is used for the compressed gas AR and when it is used for the compressed gas CA2.
  • the discharge means does not have to use the compressed gas CA2 as shown in FIG.
  • a storage tank (not shown) in which the liquid for discharge is stored and a pumping pump (not shown) for pumping the liquid for discharge may be provided. Then, the pressure-feeding pump may be used to send the discharge liquid in the storage tank to the filtration container 11 through the supply pipe.
  • the means of discharge is not particularly limited.
  • a vacuum pump, an ejector, or the like may be used as an ejection means other than the above.
  • the waste liquid A is filtered. Specifically, the valve V11 or the valve V12 is opened to start the pump P1. Then, the waste liquid A flows through the waste liquid pipe 145 and is supplied into the filtration container 11 .
  • the flow velocity of the waste liquid A supplied into the filtration container 11 is preferably about 1 m/s to 3 m/s (FLUX is 100 LMH to 400 LMH), and is about 1.5 m/s to 2.5 m/s. is more preferable.
  • the waste liquid A that has reached the filtration container 11 is filtered by the filtration filter 12 .
  • the waste liquid A flows from the outside to the inside of the filtration filter 12.
  • the turbid particles in the waste liquid A are captured by the filtration filter 12 and the layer of washing powder.
  • the liquid from which turbid particles are removed from the waste liquid A by this filtration moves through the filtration membrane 12m to the filtrate passage 12r, and is discharged as the filtrate B from the discharge port 11B through the liquid storage chamber 51 and the filtrate discharge pipe 15. .
  • the filtrate B discharged from the discharge port 11B is sent to the washing water tank 120 or the rinsing water tank 110 through the treatment liquid pipe 148 .
  • the solids (turbidity particles) mixed in the waste liquid A adhere and accumulate on the surface 12f of the layer made of washed powder and the filtration membrane 12m, forming a dirty slurry K.
  • the liquid permeation resistance per unit area of the filtration membrane 12m increases in proportion to the integrated liquid permeation amount (that is, the solid content amount separated from the waste liquid A).
  • the polluted slurry K thus formed has a certain degree of liquid permeability, and has the advantage of functioning as an auxiliary filter that assists the filtration filter 12.
  • disadvantage occurs. That is, as the contaminated slurry K becomes thicker, the liquid flow resistance increases proportionally. Therefore, when a certain amount of contaminated slurry K is accumulated, it is necessary to reduce the liquid flow resistance of the filtration filter 12 and increase the filtration flow rate. Therefore, when the amount of polluted slurry K generated has increased to a predetermined level, that is, when the filtration speed has significantly decreased, the filtration process is terminated.
  • the filtration filter 12 Since the amount of the polluted slurry K produced is proportional to the turbidity of the waste liquid A and the integrated amount of water passing (that is, the amount of solid content separated from the waste liquid A), the filtration filter 12 is clogged after the filtration process is started. , the tact time for performing the cleaning process is determined by the generation time of the contaminated slurry K. Note that the filter clogging pressure resistance is, for example, 300 kPa.
  • the internal pressure of the supply port 11A of the waste liquid A of the filtration container 11 is measured with a pressure gauge (not shown), and the discharge port 11B of the processing liquid B is measured.
  • the internal pressure is measured by a pressure gauge (not shown), and when the differential pressure reaches or exceeds a certain value, the filtering process can be terminated.
  • Other methods may be used to determine whether to stop the filtering process. For example, a flow meter (not shown) may be used to measure the amount of filtrate B discharged per unit time, and the filtering process may be terminated when the amount drops below a certain value.
  • the contaminated slurry K may be determined to have become unfilterable.
  • Step 1 is a filtration process.
  • the pump P1 is activated, the valve V11 is opened, the other valves are closed, and the waste liquid A (waste washing water) in the waste liquid tank 140 is filtered. If the filtration is continued, the polluted slurry K is formed and the filtration efficiency is remarkably lowered.
  • Step 2 is the process of discharging the contaminated slurry K.
  • the valve V20 is opened and the vibrator 73 is activated. This operation of the vibrator 73 continues until step 6 ends.
  • the operation of the vibrator 73 vibrates the filtration membrane 12m, the layer composed of the washing powder particles, and the liquid in the filtration container 11, and the dirty slurry K adhering to the filtration membrane 12m and the washing powder particles F is peeled off. and fall into the first chamber. Also.
  • the washing granules forming a layer on the filtration membrane 12m are also peeled off from the filtration membrane 12m, or the layer shape collapses and the particles float.
  • the valve V6 and the valve V21 are opened.
  • the liquid in the filter container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged from the discharge pipe 149, and the inside of the filter container 11 is filled with gas. Since the washed granular material F does not pass through the strainer 55, it remains above the strainer 55 in the first chamber.
  • the discharged liquid containing the contaminated slurry K is guided to the filter 150 by the discharge pipe 149 whose proximal end is connected to the discharge port 11C. Contamination slurry K is separated from the liquid by filter 150, and the residue is permeated and discharged out of the system.
  • the valves V6 and V21 are closed and the process proceeds to step 3.
  • Step 3 is a process of supplying the waste liquid A to the filtration container 11 .
  • the filtration container 11 is supplied with the waste liquid A, and the gas filled in the filtration container 11 in step 2 is discharged, and finally filled with the waste liquid A and its filtrate.
  • the cleaning granules F floating in the flow of the waste liquid A rub against the filtration membrane 12m in the process of filtering the waste liquid A, thereby exerting an effect of peeling off the contaminated slurry K remaining on the filtration membrane 12m.
  • stop the pump P1 close the valve V11, and proceed to step 4.
  • Step 4 is a process of discharging the contaminated slurry K that remained without being discharged from the filtration container 11 in step 2.
  • valve V6 and valve V21 are opened.
  • the liquid in the filter container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged from the discharge pipe 149, and the inside of the filter container 11 is filled with gas.
  • the valves V6 and V21 are closed and the process proceeds to step 5.
  • Step 5 is a step of supplying the waste liquid A to the filtration container 11, and the same operation as in step 3 is performed. After step 5 (that is, the same as step 3) is completed, step 6 is performed.
  • Step 6 is a step of discharging the contaminated slurry K that has not been discharged from the filtration container 11 in step 4.
  • valve V6 and valve V21 are opened.
  • the liquid in the filter container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged from the discharge pipe 149, and the inside of the filter container 11 is filled with gas.
  • the valves V6 and V21 are closed.
  • the valve V20 is closed and the vibrator 73 is stopped, and the process proceeds to step 7.
  • Step 7 is a filtering step.
  • the pump P1 is activated, the valve V12 is opened, the other valves are closed, and the waste liquid A (waste rinsing water) in the waste liquid tank 140 is filtered. If the filtration is continued, the polluted slurry K is formed and the filtration efficiency is remarkably lowered.
  • Step 8 is the process of discharging the polluted slurry K.
  • the valve V20 is opened and the vibrator 73 is activated. This operation of the vibrator 73 continues until step 12 ends.
  • the operation of the vibrator 73 vibrates the filtration membrane 12m, the layer composed of the washing powder particles, and the liquid in the filtration container 11, and the dirty slurry K adhering to the filtration membrane 12m and the washing powder particles F is peeled off. and fall into the first chamber. Also.
  • the washing granules forming a layer on the filtration membrane 12m are also peeled off from the filtration membrane 12m, or the layer shape collapses and the particles float.
  • the valve V6 and the valve V21 are opened.
  • the liquid in the filter container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged from the discharge pipe 149, and the inside of the filter container 11 is filled with gas. Since the washed granular material F does not pass through the strainer 55, it remains above the strainer 55 in the first chamber.
  • the discharged liquid containing the contaminated slurry K is guided to the filter 150 by the discharge pipe 149 whose proximal end is connected to the discharge port 11C. Contamination slurry K is separated from the liquid by filter 150, and the residue is permeated and discharged out of the system.
  • the valves V6 and V21 are closed and the process proceeds to step 9.
  • Step 9 is a step of supplying the waste liquid A to the filtration container 11 .
  • the filtration container 11 is supplied with the waste liquid A, and at step 8, the gas filled in the filtration container 11 is discharged, and finally filled with the waste liquid A and its filtrate.
  • stop the pump P1 close the valve V12, and proceed to step 10.
  • Step 10 is a step of discharging the contaminated slurry K that remained without being discharged from the filtration container 11 in step 8.
  • valve V6 and valve V21 are opened.
  • the liquid in the filter container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged from the discharge pipe 149, and the inside of the filter container 11 is filled with gas.
  • the valves V6 and V21 are closed and the process proceeds to step 11.
  • Step 11 is a step of supplying the waste liquid A to the filtration container 11, and the same operation as in step 9 is performed. After step 11 (that is, the same as step 9) is completed, step 12 is performed.
  • Step 12 is a process of discharging the contaminated slurry K that remained without being discharged from the filtration container 11 in step 10 .
  • valve V6 and valve V21 are opened.
  • the liquid in the filter container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged from the discharge pipe 149, and the inside of the filter container 11 is filled with gas.
  • the valves V6 and V21 are closed.
  • the valve V20 is closed and the vibrator 73 is stopped, and the process proceeds to step 7.
  • step 2 From the start of step 2 to the end of step 6 should take about 3 minutes, and from the start of step 8 to the end of step 12 should take about 3 minutes.
  • the breakdown is that each step takes approximately 10-15 seconds and the remaining time is the transition time between steps.
  • step 4 and step 5 may be repeated one to four times after step 5, and then step 6 may be performed. .
  • the filtration filter 12 is a pleated filter which is formed in a cylindrical shape by bending a flat filter material into a bellows shape, and whose axis is in the vertical direction. Forms that are greater than or equal to are preferred.
  • the amount of the washing granular material F to be stored in the first chamber is not particularly limited, but for example, it should be as bulky as the height of the filtration filter 12 or slightly higher. can be done. Specifically, if the height of the filtration filter 12 provided in the first chamber is 100, the bulk of the cleaning powder provided in the first chamber is preferably 100 to 120.
  • the bulkiness is less than 100, there will be a portion where the washing powder particles do not adhere to the outer surface of the filtration membrane 12m, and the contaminated slurry K will directly adhere and grow on that portion, resulting in a decrease in filtration efficiency. In addition, the effect of cleaning the filter membrane 12m while the cleaning powder particles F rub against the filter membrane 12m is not exhibited.
  • the bulkiness exceeds 120, the washing powder particles F in the first chamber will be dense, and the vibration of the vibrating body 73 will not easily be transmitted to the filtration membrane 12m and the washing powder particles F, and the washing powder particles F will not flow. The cleaning efficiency of the filtering means is lowered.
  • the filtering process can be restarted. Then, when the polluted slurry K is accumulated by the filtering process, it is preferable to wash the filtering means again.
  • steps 1 to 12 in cleaning the filtering means are not only manually performed, but also automatically operated in which the control device 174 manages the start and stop operations of the pumps and each valve used in these steps. can also Operation commands for each of these steps are programmed in advance in an arithmetic device provided in the control device 174, and the layer thickness and filtration speed of the polluted slurry K are measured, and when they reach predetermined values, cleaning is started from step 1. It can be designed in such a way.
  • the formation of the layer composed of the washed granules will be described. It is laminated on the outer surface of the slurry K (same below). At first, it is only thinly laminated on the outer surface of the filtration filter 12, but the amount of lamination gradually increases, and the washing powder F enters the gap 2n between the adjacent folds 2, 2 of the filtration membrane 12m. , and the gap 2n is filled (buried) with a large number of cleaning powders F. As shown in FIG. That is, the polluted slurry K formed so as to cover the outer surface of the filtration membrane 12m is in contact with a large number of cleaning granular materials F that have entered the gap 2n.
  • the cleaning granular material F is separated from the filtration membrane 12m, the cleaning granular material F and the separated fragments of the polluted slurry K are discharged from the filtration container 11 so that a new filtration process can be started.
  • filtering means Since this filtering means does not use a disposable filtering filter, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of troubles that are likely to occur when the filtering filter 12 is replaced. Further, since cleaning can be automated by programming the cleaning timing of the filtration filter 12, manual operation is not required, and unmanned continuous operation is possible. Therefore, no special expertise is required to operate the system, and anyone can easily operate it. Moreover, regardless of the turbidity of the waste liquid A, it is possible to stably produce clean water. Moreover, since it is not a type in which washing water is sprayed on the filtration filter 12, the filtration filter 12 is less likely to be damaged during washing, and the filtration filter 12 can be extended for a long time.
  • the filter 12 of the disposable type is not used, and the filter 12 is not rotated or sprayed with washing water during washing, various powers can be suppressed, so the running cost is low.
  • the entire device can be simplified, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, the weight can be reduced, and the portability can be facilitated.
  • the washing method of the present embodiment mainly includes a washing water supply step of supplying washing water to the washing tub 100, a rinsing water supply step of supplying rinsing water to the washing tub, and a washing water discharged from the washing tub. a filtering step for filtering the service water and the rinsing water, the washing water being circulated and used in the washing water supplying step and the filtering step, and the rinsing water being circulated and used in the washing water supplying step and the filtering step. It is characterized by Specific steps will be described below with reference to FIG. For the sake of explanation, we will start washing with all the valves closed.
  • the washing water supplying step supplies the washing water used in the washing process to the washing tub 100 .
  • the amount of washing water supplied to the washing tub 100 differs depending on whether the washing tub 100 is a vertical tub or a drum tub, and also depends on whether the washing tub 100 is large or small. It is different and depends on the amount of laundry to be washed, so it cannot be generalized.
  • the washing method of this aspect can be applied to a so-called continuous washing machine in which the washing tub 100 has a tub for washing, a tub for rinsing, and a tub for dehydration. Specifically, the washing water is supplied to the washing tank by the washing water supply step in a state in which the laundry is placed in the washing tank, and the washing process is performed.
  • the article to be washed is moved to a tub for rinsing treatment, and rinsing water is supplied to the tub for rinsing treatment by the rinsing water supplying step to perform rinsing treatment.
  • the laundry to be washed is transferred to a tub for dehydration treatment, and dehydration treatment is performed.
  • the washing water supply step supplies rinsing water to the washing tub 100, and is preferably performed when there is no rinsing water in the washing tub 100 because it does not mix with the rinsing water.
  • rinsing water in the washing tub 100 there is no particular limitation, but examples include when there is rinsing water in the waste liquid pipe 145, the treatment liquid pipe 148, the waste liquid tank 140, the filtering means, and the rinsing water tank 110.
  • washing process (also in the rinsing process and the dewatering process) is performed by rotating the washing tank 100 if it is a drum type tank by a motor or the like that rotates around the axis of the washing tank 100, and a vertical tank. If so, the rotating spring provided at the bottom of the washing tub 100 is rotated by a motor. After the washing process is performed for 10 to 15 minutes, the valve V5 is opened, and the washing water is discharged from the washing tub discharge port to the waste liquid pipe 128, and ends. The discharged washing water is supplied to the filtering means provided in the latter stage, but when the strainer 130 and the waste liquid tank 140 are provided, it passes through the strainer 130 and the waste liquid tank 140 and is supplied to the filtering means. be.
  • the waste liquid A (waste washing water) passed through the strainer 130 and stored in the waste liquid tank 140 opens the valve of the waste liquid tank outlet, keeps the valve V12 closed, opens the valve V11, and starts the pump P1. is supplied to the filtering means.
  • filtration step In the filtration step, the waste liquid A supplied into the first chamber from the waste liquid supply port 11A of the filtration container 11 permeates the filtration filter 12, flows into the second chamber as the processing liquid B, and is discharged from the filtrate discharge pipe 15 to the processing liquid pipe 148. is discharged to
  • the treatment liquid B is supplied from the tip 102 of the treatment liquid pipe 148 to the washing water tank 120 .
  • the pump P1 is stopped and all open valves are closed.
  • the valve 13 provided in the discharge pipe 129 is opened to supply washing water from the washing water tank 120 through the discharge pipe 129 to the washing tub 100 .
  • the valve V13 is closed when the desired amount of washing water is discharged.
  • the washing water is circulated and used in the washing water supply step and the filtering step.
  • the rinsing water supplying step supplies rinsing water to the washing tub 100, and is preferably performed when there is no washing water in the washing tub 100 because the rinsing water does not mix with the washing water.
  • the rinsing water supplying step supplies rinsing water to the washing tub 100, and is preferably performed when there is no washing water in the washing tub 100 because the rinsing water does not mix with the washing water.
  • there is no washing water in the washing tub 100 there is no particular limitation, but examples include when there is washing water in the waste liquid pipe 145, the treatment liquid pipe 148, the waste liquid tank 140, the filtration means, and the washing water tank 120.
  • the amount of rinsing water supplied to the washing tub 100 differs depending on whether the washing tub 100 is a vertical tub or a drum tub, and whether the washing tub 100 is large or small. It is different, and it depends on the amount of laundry to be washed.
  • the rinsing process is performed on the laundry to be washed after the washing process is completed, and after 15 to 20 minutes, the valve V5 is opened, and the rinsing water is discharged from the washing tub outlet to the waste liquid pipe 128 and ends. .
  • the discharged rinsing water is supplied to the filtering means provided in the latter stage, but when the strainer 130 and the waste liquid tank 140 are provided, it passes through the strainer 130 and the waste liquid tank 140 and is supplied to the filtering means. be.
  • the waste liquid A (waste rinsing water) passed through the strainer 130 and stored in the waste liquid tank 140 opens the valve of the waste liquid tank outlet, keeps the valve V11 closed, opens the valve V12, and starts the pump P1. is supplied to the filtering means.
  • filtration step In the filtration step, the waste liquid A supplied into the first chamber from the waste liquid supply port 11A of the filtration container 11 permeates the filtration filter 12, flows into the second chamber as the processing liquid B, and is discharged from the filtrate discharge pipe 15 to the processing liquid pipe 148. is discharged to
  • the treatment liquid B is supplied from the tip 103 of the treatment liquid pipe 148 to the rinsing water tank 110 .
  • the pump P1 is stopped and all open valves are closed.
  • the valve 14 provided in the discharge pipe 119 is opened to supply rinsing water from the rinsing water tank 110 through the discharge pipe 119 to the washing tub 100 .
  • the valve V14 is closed when the desired amount of rinsing water is discharged.
  • the rinsing water is circulated and used in the rinsing water supply step and the filtration step.
  • the dehydration process is performed by rotating the washing tub 100 with a motor or the like that rotates the washing tub 100 around the axis of the washing tub 100 if it is a drum type tub, and if it is a vertical tub, the bottom of the washing tub 100 This is done by rotating a provided rotary spring with a motor.
  • the dehydration process is preferably performed after the rinsing water is discharged from the washing tub 100 . It is preferable that the dehydrated liquid generated by the dehydration process is discharged from the washing tub 100 and mixed with the rinsing water through the filtering means.
  • the dehydration process is preferably performed for 120 to 240 seconds, for example, and after the dehydration process, the dehydrated laundry is taken out from the washing tub 100, and the washing process for the laundry is completed.
  • the washing process includes washing treatment, rinsing treatment, and dehydration treatment.
  • the washing water can be water in which detergent is dissolved or alkaline water.
  • the detergent various commercially available laundry detergents can be used.
  • Alkaline water is not particularly limited as long as it is alkaline water. For example, pH 9 to 11 is preferable, and pH 9.5 to 10.5 is more preferable. If the pH of the alkaline water is less than 9, no cleaning effect can be expected, and if the pH is greater than 11, there is a danger that handling may be very dangerous.
  • Alkaline water can be used without any particular limitation as long as it is alkaline water.
  • alkaline water in which an electrolysis aid made of potassium carbonate is dissolved in water can be used.
  • an electrolytic auxiliary supply means for supplying the electrolytic auxiliary to the washing water tank 120 .
  • means for supplying the electrolysis auxiliary include a supply method using an alkaline ionized water generating medium described in JP-A-2017-77465 and a known method.
  • alkaline water When alkaline water is used as the washing water, it is preferable because the alkaline water itself has excellent sterilizing action. Further, stains such as clothes are often acidic, and washing with alkaline water is very effective for removing acidic stains. In particular, alkaline water with a pH of 12 or more is preferable because it can decompose and wash oil stains and cigarette tar.
  • Alkaline water does not contain synthetic surfactants, so it does not foam and can be easily rinsed afterwards. For this reason, the time required for the entire washing can be greatly reduced. In addition, bacteria are removed by the sterilization effect of alkaline water, and there is also a deodorizing effect.
  • the temperature of the washing water and rinsing water is not particularly limited, and can be used at room temperature. However, it may also be hot water of, for example, 40-60°C. Hot water enhances detergency, so that the laundry is more washed.
  • a plurality of washing tubs are provided, the washing water circulates through at least one of the plurality of washing tubs and the filtering means, and the rinsing water is Embodiments in which at least one or more of a plurality of washing tubs and said filtering means are circulated are also preferred.
  • the number of washing tubs is not particularly limited, it can be, for example, 2 to 6 units.
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which three washing tubs are provided and the waste tank is provided with a waste tank 140 for receiving waste washing water and a waste tank 141 for receiving waste rinsing water.
  • the discharge pipe 179 whose base end is connected to the washing water tank discharge port, has a three-pronged tip, a first tip for the washing tub 99, a second tip for the washing tub 100, and a third tip. They are connected to the washing tub 101 respectively.
  • the first tip is provided with a valve V3a
  • the second tip is provided with a valve V3b
  • the third tip is provided with a valve V3c.
  • the discharge pipe 169 whose base end is connected to the rinsing water tank discharge port is divided into three ends, the first end being connected to the washing tub 99, the second end being connected to the washing tub 100, and the third end being connected to the washing tub 101. be done.
  • the first tip is provided with a valve V4a
  • the second tip is provided with a valve V4b
  • the third tip is provided with a valve V4c.
  • the base ends of the waste liquid pipes are connected to the discharge ports of the washing tubs 99, 100, and 101, respectively, and the respective distal ends join one waste liquid pipe 178 and are connected to, for example, the strainer 130. can do.
  • a valve V5a, a valve V5b, and a valve V5c are provided at the proximal end of each.
  • a waste liquid pipe 139 is provided on the discharge side of the strainer 130 , and the tip thereof is branched into two branches.
  • the first tip is provided with a valve V7a
  • the second tip is provided with a valve V7b.
  • a valve V7a is provided in the waste liquid pipe extending from the discharge portion of the waste liquid tank 140, and a valve V7b is provided in the waste liquid pipe extending from the discharge portion of the waste liquid tank 141. Both waste liquid pipes join the waste liquid pipe 145 on the downstream side. .
  • the volume of each of the washing water tank 120, the rinsing water tank 110, and the waste liquid tank 140 is at least equal to the number of washing tubs, assuming that the amount of water used per washing tub is 1 water volume unit.
  • a volume that can be stored is preferable. For example, if the number of washing tubs is three, the volume of each of the washing water tank 120, the rinsing water tank 110, and the waste liquid tank 140 should be at least three units of water.
  • Filtration membrane back surface inner surface of the filtration membrane
  • 12f surface of the filtration membrane
  • 12m outer surface of the filtration membrane
  • 12r filtrate passage
  • 12s ... cylindrical body 12t ... upper end of the filtration membrane, 12u ... of the filtration membrane
  • Lower end 13 Supply pipe (for waste liquid) 14a.
  • Upper filter membrane seal portion 14b Lower filter membrane seal portion 15
  • Filtrate discharge pipe 16 Discharge pipe 16a... Discharge (to other filtration device) Pipe, 16b... Discharge pipe (to wash granular material storage tank), 16c... Discharge pipe (for obtaining domestic water (excluding drinking water)), 18... Washing container, 21d... Filter membrane bottom surface, 29...
  • Filter Support body 50 Gap 50s Side gap 50u Lower gap 51 Liquid storage chamber 70 Filtration membrane cleaning device 71 Gas exhaust pipe 72 Gas supply pipe 73 Vibrator 86 Separation wall 88 Blocking wall (eg, silicon sponge) 88b Peripheral wall (outer side wall) of blocking wall 88c Through hole of blocking wall 100 Washing tub 140 Waste liquid tank 120 Washing water 110 Rinsing water A Waste liquid AR Gas B Treated liquid (filtrate) CA1 Compressed gas CA2 Compressed gas F Washing powder K Contaminated slurry N Side of filter container 11 Distance from the inner wall to the filtration membrane 12 m, P... pump, L1... length between the tip of the fold and the tip of the fold, L2...

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a washing system and washing method, in which the amount of waste water is suppressed. [Solution] The problem is solved by this washing system and washing method, characterized by comprising a filtration means for filtrating washing water and rinsing water being discharged from the washing tank, the washing water having been supplied to a washing tank, the rinsing water having been supplied to the washing tank, wherein the washing water circulates through the washing tank and the filtration means, and the rinsing water circulates through the washing tank and the filtration means.

Description

洗濯システム及び洗濯方法Laundry system and method
　山間地域や人口の少ない地域では、上水道の普及率が低い場合があり、上水が貴重な資源となっている。市販される一般的な洗濯機や市中のコインランドリーに設置される洗濯機は、水を多量に使用するのでこのような地域での使用には向かない。また、多量に洗濯する場合は、多くの洗剤を使うので、洗剤を含む洗濯廃液が多量に発生することになり、周囲の環境の汚染を招くことにもなる。洗剤の使用量を少量に抑え、結果として洗濯の廃液量を軽減する技術として特許文献１に記載の発明が挙げられる。 In mountainous areas and sparsely populated areas, the penetration rate of water supply is sometimes low, making water supply a valuable resource. Commercially available general washing machines and washing machines installed in laundromats in the city consume a large amount of water and are not suitable for use in such areas. In addition, when a large amount of laundry is carried out, a large amount of detergent is used, resulting in the generation of a large amount of detergent-containing waste liquid, which causes pollution of the surrounding environment. As a technique for reducing the amount of detergent used and thus reducing the amount of washing liquid waste, the invention described in Patent Document 1 can be cited.
　特許文献１は、洗剤の使用が少量で済むように、食塩水を電気分解から生成したアルカリイオン水と酸性イオン水を用いて環境汚染及び公害問題を低減する洗濯システムを開示している。 Patent Document 1 discloses a laundry system that uses alkaline ionized water and acidic ionized water generated by electrolyzing salt water to reduce environmental pollution and pollution problems so that a small amount of detergent can be used.
特開２００３－１４４７９３号公報JP-A-2003-144793
　しかしながら、特許文献１に開示される洗濯システムは、洗剤の使用が少量で済む利点があるものの、食塩を用いることによって装置が腐食してしまうという懸念や洗濯を行う都度食塩を要し、食塩の残量管理を行わなければならないという煩雑さがあり、他の問題を誘発させるものとなっており、洗濯の廃液量を軽減するという根本の課題が解決されているとはいえない。 However, although the washing system disclosed in Patent Document 1 has the advantage of requiring only a small amount of detergent, there is concern that the use of salt will corrode the device, and that salt is required each time washing is performed. There is a cumbersome need to manage the remaining amount, which causes other problems, and it cannot be said that the fundamental problem of reducing the amount of washing liquid waste has been solved.
　そこで、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、廃液量が抑制された洗濯システム及び洗濯方法を提供することである。 Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a washing system and a washing method in which the amount of waste liquid is suppressed.
　上記課題を解決するための手段の一態様は、次に示すものである。
（第１の態様）
　洗濯槽に供給される洗い用水と、前記洗濯槽に供給される濯ぎ用水と、前記洗濯槽から排出される洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水を濾過する濾過手段とを備え、
　洗い用水が前記洗濯槽と前記濾過手段を循環し、
　濯ぎ用水が前記洗濯槽と前記濾過手段を循環する、
　ことを特徴とする洗濯システム。 One aspect of the means for solving the above problems is as follows.
(First aspect)
washing water supplied to the washing tub, rinsing water supplied to the washing tub, and filtering means for filtering the washing water and the rinsing water discharged from the washing tub,
washing water circulates through the washing tub and the filtering means;
rinsing water circulates through the washing tub and the filtering means;
A washing system characterized by:
　本洗濯システムは、洗濯槽と濾過手段を用水が循環し、当該濾過手段が備わるので排出された洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水が再生され、再生された洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水が洗濯槽に再度供給される構成になっているので、洗い処理や濯ぎ処理の都度、新たな水をシステム系外から供給されなくても、洗濯がなされるものとなっている。洗い用水と濯ぎ用水を循環させて洗濯を行うので、洗濯に用いる用水を大幅に削減することができる。 In this washing system, service water circulates through the washing tub and the filtration means, the washing water and the rinsing water that have been discharged are regenerated because the filtration means is provided, and the regenerated washing water and the rinsing water are resupplied to the washing tub. Because of this configuration, washing can be performed without supplying new water from outside the system each time a washing process or a rinsing process is performed. Since washing is performed by circulating washing water and rinsing water, water used for washing can be greatly reduced.
（第２の態様）
　洗い用水と濯ぎ用水が相互に混ざらないものである、
　第１の態様の洗濯システム。 (Second aspect)
Washing water and rinsing water are mutually immiscible,
The laundry system of the first aspect.
　洗い用水を薄める等の処理を行う場合には、洗い用水に濯ぎ用水を混ぜる処理をすることが考えられるが、濯ぎ用水が足りなくなるおそれがあり、追加して濯ぎ用水をシステム系外から供給することになる。しかしながら、本形態であれば、洗い用水と濯ぎ用水が混ざらずに循環するので、濯ぎ用水が足りなくなる事態が発生し難い。 When performing processing such as diluting the washing water, it is conceivable to mix the washing water with the rinsing water. It will be. However, in this embodiment, since the washing water and the rinsing water are circulated without being mixed, a situation in which the rinsing water is insufficient is unlikely to occur.
（第３の態様）
　洗い用水が貯留される洗い用水タンクと、
　濯ぎ用水が貯留される濯ぎ用水タンクと、
　前記洗濯槽から排出された洗い用水が、前記濾過手段で濾過されて前記洗い用水タンクに送水されるものであり、
　前記洗濯槽から排出された濯ぎ用水が、前記濾過手段で濾過されて前記濯ぎ用水タンクに送水されるものである、
　第１の態様の洗濯システム。 (Third aspect)
a washing water tank in which washing water is stored;
a rinsing water tank in which rinsing water is stored;
washing water discharged from the washing tub is filtered by the filtering means and sent to the washing water tank;
The rinsing water discharged from the washing tub is filtered by the filtering means and sent to the rinsing water tank.
The laundry system of the first aspect.
　洗い用水タンクと濯ぎ用水タンクに用水を貯留可能とすることにより、洗濯工程に合わせ必要に応じて、洗い用水と濯ぎ用水を洗濯槽に供給することができる。 By making it possible to store water in the washing water tank and the rinsing water tank, it is possible to supply the washing water and the rinsing water to the washing tub as needed according to the washing process.
（第４の態様）
　前記洗濯槽から廃液された洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水を貯留する廃液タンクを備え、
　前記廃液タンクが、貯留された洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水の排出量を調節可能とする機構を備えたものであり、
　前記濾過手段が前記廃液タンクから排出された洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水を濾過するものである、
　第１の態様の洗濯システム。 (Fourth aspect)
A waste liquid tank for storing washing water and rinsing water discharged from the washing tub,
The waste liquid tank is provided with a mechanism for adjusting the discharge amount of stored washing water and rinsing water,
wherein the filtering means filters washing water and rinsing water discharged from the waste liquid tank;
The laundry system of the first aspect.
　廃液タンクが備わる本態様であれば、濾過手段の濾過速度に対応させて、廃液タンクから濾過手段に送水する液量を制御することができる。 According to this aspect in which the waste liquid tank is provided, it is possible to control the amount of liquid supplied from the waste liquid tank to the filtration means in accordance with the filtration speed of the filtration means.
（第５の態様）
　前記濾過手段は、洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水に含まれる固形分を捕捉し、残分を透過するものである、
　第１の態様の洗濯システム。 (Fifth aspect)
The filtering means captures solids contained in the washing water and rinsing water and allows the residue to pass through.
The laundry system of the first aspect.
　洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水は濾過処理されて固形分が取り除かれたものとなるので、再度、洗い工程及び濯ぎ工程に供すことができる。 Since the washing water and rinsing water are filtered to remove solids, they can be used again in the washing process and the rinsing process.
（第６の態様）
　前記洗濯槽から排出される洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水に含まれる相対的に大径の固形分を分離し、残分を透過するストレーナーを備え、
　前記濾過手段が前記残分を濾過するものである、
　第１の態様の洗濯システム。 (Sixth aspect)
A strainer that separates relatively large-diameter solids contained in the washing water and rinsing water discharged from the washing tub and permeates the residue,
wherein said filtering means filters said residue;
The laundry system of the first aspect.
　大径の固形分は、濾過手段を詰まらせたり、損傷させたりしてシステム故障の原因となり得るので、濾過手段に到達する前に取り除いておくとよい。 Large-diameter solids can clog or damage the filtering means and cause system failure, so it is better to remove them before they reach the filtering means.
（第７の態様）
　前記洗濯槽が複数備わり、
　前記洗い用水が、前記複数の洗濯槽の少なくとも１つ以上と前記濾過手段を循環するものであり、
　前記濯ぎ用水が、前記複数の洗濯槽の少なくとも１つ以上と前記濾過手段を循環するものである、
　第１の態様の洗濯システム。 (Seventh aspect)
A plurality of the washing tubs are provided,
The washing water circulates through at least one of the plurality of washing tubs and the filtering means,
The rinsing water circulates through at least one of the plurality of washing tubs and the filtering means,
The laundry system of the first aspect.
　洗濯槽が複数備わるので並列して洗い処理及び濯ぎ処理を行うことができ、大量の被洗濯物を一度に洗濯することができる。 　Since it has multiple washing tubs, washing and rinsing can be performed in parallel, and a large amount of laundry can be washed at once.
（第８の態様）
　前記洗い用水が、洗剤が溶解された水又はアルカリ水である、
　第１の態様の洗濯システム。 (Eighth aspect)
The washing water is water in which a detergent is dissolved or alkaline water.
The laundry system of the first aspect.
　洗い用水を洗剤が溶解された水又はアルカリ水であるので、被洗濯物の汚れが効果的に落ちる。 　Since the washing water is water in which detergent is dissolved or alkaline water, stains on the laundry are effectively removed.
（第９の態様）
　前記濾過手段は、
　濾過前の洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水が流入する第１室と、濾過処理された処理液が流出する第２室と、当該第１室と当該第２室を仕切る濾過フィルタと、当該第１室に濾過フィルタを洗浄する洗浄粉粒体と、前記濾過フィルタ及び前記洗浄粉粒体の少なくとも一方を振動させる振動体を有するものである、
　第１の態様の洗濯システム。 (Ninth aspect)
The filtering means is
A first chamber into which unfiltered washing water and rinsing water flow, a second chamber into which filtered treated liquid flows out, a filtration filter that partitions the first chamber and the second chamber, and the first chamber The cleaning granules for cleaning the filtration filter, and a vibrating body for vibrating at least one of the filtration filter and the cleaning granules.
The laundry system of the first aspect.
　濾過手段を連続的に使用すると濾過膜に混濁粒子が固着して目詰まりが発生し、濾過速度の低下を招く。本態様の振動体で濾過膜や洗浄粉粒体が振動することで、固着した混濁粒子が流動化し濾過膜の濾過速度の低下が解消されるという効果が奏される。 If the filtration means is used continuously, turbid particles will stick to the filtration membrane and cause clogging, resulting in a decrease in filtration speed. By vibrating the filter membrane and the washing powder or grains with the vibrating body of this embodiment, the adhering turbid particles are fluidized, and the reduction in the filtration rate of the filter membrane is eliminated.
（第１０の態様）
　前記濾過フィルタが、平坦な濾材を蛇腹状に折り曲げつつ円筒状に形成され、軸芯が上下方向であるプリーツフィルタであり、
　前記洗浄粉粒体の嵩高さが、前記プリーツフィルタの上下方向の高さ以上である、
　第９の態様の洗濯システム。 (Tenth aspect)
The filtration filter is a pleated filter formed into a cylindrical shape by bending a flat filter material into a bellows shape, and having a vertical axis,
The bulkiness of the washed granules is equal to or greater than the height of the pleated filter in the vertical direction.
The laundry system of the ninth aspect.
　当該態様であれば、洗浄粉粒体が濾過フィルタの外面全体に付着し、効率的な濾過を行うことができる。 With this aspect, the washed granules adhere to the entire outer surface of the filtration filter, and efficient filtration can be performed.
（第１０の態様）
　洗濯槽に洗い用水を供給する洗い用水供給ステップと、前記洗濯槽に濯ぎ用水を供給する濯ぎ用水供給ステップと、前記洗濯槽から排出される洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水を濾過する濾過ステップとを備え、
　洗い用水が前記洗い用水供給ステップと前記濾過ステップを循環するものであり、
　濯ぎ用水が前記洗い用水供給ステップと前記濾過ステップを循環するものである、
　ことを特徴とする洗濯方法。 (Tenth aspect)
a washing water supply step of supplying washing water to the washing tub; a rinsing water supply step of supplying rinsing water to the washing tub; and a filtering step of filtering the washing water and the rinsing water discharged from the washing tub,
washing water is circulated through the washing water supplying step and the filtering step;
rinsing water circulates through the washing water supplying step and the filtering step;
A washing method characterized by:
　第１の態様と同様の効果が奏される。 The same effects as in the first mode are obtained.
　本発明によれば、廃液量が抑制された洗濯システム及び洗濯方法となる。 According to the present invention, a washing system and washing method in which the amount of waste liquid is suppressed is provided.
本発明の第１実施形態の濾過システムの全体的構成図である。ただし、紙面の都合上、濾過手段については、図１０に示している。1 is an overall configuration diagram of a filtration system according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. However, due to space limitations, the filtering means is shown in FIG. 濾過装置の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of a filtering device. 濾過フィルタの平面図である。It is a top view of a filtration filter. 図３のＹ部分の拡大図である。4 is an enlarged view of a Y portion of FIG. 3; FIG. 図４の襞部分の拡大図である。（５Ａ）は濾過前の状態を示したものであり、（５Ｂ）は濾過中の状態を示したものである。5 is an enlarged view of the fold portion of FIG. 4; FIG. (5A) shows the state before filtration, and (5B) shows the state during filtration. 図２のα－α矢視図である。上側濾過膜シール部に斜線を付している。FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line α-α in FIG. 2; The upper filtration membrane sealing portion is hatched. 洗浄の工程を表す図である。It is a figure showing the process of washing. 本発明の第２実施形態の濾過システムに係る濾過装置である。It is a filtering device according to a filtering system of a second embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の別の実施形態の濾過システムの全体的構成図である。FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a filtration system according to another embodiment of the present invention; 図１の濾過手段を表す図である。2 is a diagram representing the filtering means of FIG. 1; FIG. 本発明の別の実施形態の濾過システムの全体的構成図である。FIG. 4 is an overall configuration diagram of a filtration system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
　以下、本発明の好適な実施形態について説明する。なお、以下の説明及び図面は、本発明の一実施形態を示したものにすぎず、本発明の内容をこの実施形態に限定して解釈すべきでない。 A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below. The following description and drawings merely show one embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the content of the present invention to this embodiment.
（洗濯システム）
　本発明の実施形態の一つは、洗濯槽１００に供給される洗い用水と、前記洗濯槽１００に供給される濯ぎ用水と、前記洗濯槽１００から廃液される洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水を濾過する濾過手段とを備え、洗い用水が前記洗濯槽１００と前記濾過手段を循環し、濯ぎ用水が前記洗濯槽１００と前記濾過手段を循環する、ことを特徴とする洗濯システムであり、また、洗濯槽１００に洗い用水を供給する洗い用水供給ステップと、前記洗濯槽１００に濯ぎ用水を供給する濯ぎ用水供給ステップと、前記洗濯槽１００から廃液される洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水を濾過する濾過ステップとを備え、洗い用水が前記洗い用水供給ステップと前記濾過ステップを循環するものであり、濯ぎ用水が前記洗い用水供給ステップと前記濾過ステップを循環するものである、ことを特徴とする洗濯方法である。以下、各部分について詳述する。 (laundry system)
One embodiment of the present invention is a filter for filtering washing water supplied to the washing tub 100, rinsing water supplied to the washing tub 100, and washing water and rinsing water discharged from the washing tub 100. wherein washing water circulates through the washing tub 100 and the filtration means, and rinsing water circulates through the washing tub 100 and the filtration means; a washing water supply step of supplying washing water to the washing tub 100; a rinsing water supply step of supplying rinsing water to the washing tub 100; The washing method is characterized in that washing water circulates through the washing water supplying step and the filtering step, and rinsing water circulates through the washing water supplying step and the filtering step. Each part will be described in detail below.
（洗い用水タンク１２０、濯ぎ用水タンク１１０）
　洗濯システムは、洗い用水によって被洗濯物が洗われ、濯ぎ用水によって被洗濯物が濯がれるものである。洗い用水とは被洗濯物の洗いに用いられる水をいい、濯ぎ用水とは被洗濯物の濯ぎに用いられる水をいう。洗い用水が貯留されるタンクを洗い用水タンク１２０といい、濯ぎ用水が貯留されるタンクを濯ぎ用水タンク１１０という。洗い用水タンク１２０には、少なくとも洗濯槽１００で洗いの対象とされる被洗濯物を十分に洗うことのできる量の洗い用水が貯留可能である。濯ぎ用水タンク１１０には、少なくとも洗濯槽１００で濯ぎ処理の対象とされる被洗濯物を十分に濯ぐことのできる量の濯ぎ用水が貯留可能である。 (Washing water tank 120, rinsing water tank 110)
In the washing system, the laundry is washed with washing water and the laundry is rinsed with rinsing water. The washing water refers to water used for washing the laundry, and the rinsing water refers to water used for rinsing the laundry. A tank in which washing water is stored is called a washing water tank 120 , and a tank in which rinsing water is stored is called a rinsing water tank 110 . The washing water tank 120 can store at least an amount of washing water sufficient to wash the laundry to be washed in the washing tub 100 . The rinsing water tank 110 can store at least an amount of rinsing water sufficient to sufficiently rinse the laundry to be rinsed in the washing tub 100 .
　洗い用水タンク１２０の底部には洗い用水タンク排出口が備わり、当該排出口と洗濯槽供給口とが排出管１２９で接続されている。濯ぎ用水タンク１１０の底部には濯ぎ用水タンク排出口が備わり、当該排出口と洗濯槽供給口とが排出管１１９で接続されている。また、排出管１２９の下流部と排出管１１９の下流部は合流して１本の管として洗濯槽供給口に接続されていてもよい。この場合、排出管１２９における当該合流部の上流側にバルブＶ３が、排出管１１９における当該合流部の上流側にバルブＶ４が備わる構成とすることができる。洗い用水タンク１２０に貯留された洗い用水は、洗い用水タンク排出口から排出管１２９を流れ、洗濯槽１００の供給口から洗濯槽内に供給される。濯ぎ用水タンク１１０に貯留された濯ぎ用水は、濯ぎ用水タンク排出口から排出管１１９を流れ、洗濯槽１００の供給口から洗濯槽内に供給される。 A washing water tank discharge port is provided at the bottom of the washing water tank 120 , and the discharge port and the washing tub supply port are connected by a discharge pipe 129 . The bottom of the rinsing water tank 110 is provided with a rinsing water tank discharge port, and the discharge port and the washing tub supply port are connected by a discharge pipe 119 . Further, the downstream portion of the discharge pipe 129 and the downstream portion of the discharge pipe 119 may be joined to form a single pipe and connected to the washing tub supply port. In this case, the valve V3 may be provided on the upstream side of the junction in the discharge pipe 129 and the valve V4 may be provided on the upstream side of the junction in the discharge pipe 119 . The washing water stored in the washing water tank 120 flows from the washing water tank discharge port through the discharge pipe 129 and is supplied into the washing tub from the supply port of the washing tub 100 . The rinsing water stored in the rinsing water tank 110 flows through the drain pipe 119 from the rinsing water tank outlet and is supplied from the supply port of the washing tub 100 into the washing tub.
　本実施形態は、洗濯槽１００から排出された洗い用水が、濾過手段で濾過されて洗い用水タンク１２０に送水されるものであり、洗濯槽１００から排出された濯ぎ用水が、濾過手段で濾過されて濯ぎ用水タンク１１０に送水される構成になっている。 In this embodiment, the washing water discharged from the washing tub 100 is filtered by the filtering means and sent to the washing water tank 120, and the rinsing water discharged from the washing tub 100 is filtered by the filtering means. It is configured such that the water is fed to the rinsing water tank 110 at the same time.
（洗濯槽１００）
　洗濯槽１００は、被洗濯物を洗い処理や濯ぎ処理、脱水処理を行うことが可能な装置であり、縦型の槽であってもよいしドラム型の槽であってもよい。洗濯槽１００には、洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水の供給を受ける洗濯槽供給口と、洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水を排出する洗濯槽排出口が備わる。 (Washing tub 100)
The washing tub 100 is a device capable of washing, rinsing, and dehydrating the laundry, and may be a vertical tub or a drum-type tub. The washing tub 100 includes a washing tub supply port for receiving washing water and rinsing water, and a washing tub discharge port for discharging washing water and rinsing water.
　洗濯槽１００に洗い用水が供給されたときは、洗い処理がなされ、所定時間、洗い処理が行われた後、洗い用水が洗濯槽排出口から排出される。他方、洗濯槽１００に濯ぎ用水が供給されたときは、濯ぎ処理がなされ、所定時間、濯ぎ処理が行われた後、濯ぎ用水が洗濯槽排出口から排出される。洗い処理又は濯ぎ処理の工程では、被洗濯物に付着する粒子（混濁粒子ともいう。）が脱離し、洗い用水又は濯ぎ用水に混濁する。洗濯槽排出口から排出された混濁粒子が含まれた洗い用水は、洗い処理前の洗い用水と区別するため、ここでは「廃洗い用水」ということにする。同様に、洗濯槽排出口から排出された混濁粒子が含まれた濯ぎ用水は、濯ぎ処理前の濯ぎ用水と区別するため、ここでは「廃濯ぎ用水」ということにする。また、廃洗い用水と廃濯ぎ用水をまとめて、廃液Ａと表現する場合もある。しかしながら、廃液Ａは、廃洗い用水又は廃濯ぎ用水をいうものであり、両方の用水が混ざり合ったものをいうものではない。混濁粒子としては、特に限定されないが、被洗濯物から脱離した汚れ粒子やリント、マイクロプラスチック、放射性ダストを例示できる。 When the washing water is supplied to the washing tub 100, the washing process is performed, and after the washing process is performed for a predetermined time, the washing water is discharged from the washing tub outlet. On the other hand, when the rinsing water is supplied to the washing tub 100, the rinsing process is performed, and after the rinsing process is performed for a predetermined time, the rinsing water is discharged from the washing tub outlet. In the step of washing treatment or rinsing treatment, particles adhering to the laundry (also referred to as turbid particles) are detached and the washing water or rinsing water becomes turbid. The washing water containing cloudy particles discharged from the washing tub outlet is referred to here as "waste washing water" in order to distinguish it from the washing water before the washing process. Similarly, rinsing water containing cloudy particles discharged from the washing tub outlet is referred to herein as "waste rinsing water" in order to distinguish it from rinsing water before rinsing treatment. In some cases, the waste water for washing and the waste water for rinsing are collectively referred to as waste liquid A. However, the waste liquid A refers to waste washing water or waste rinsing water, and does not refer to a mixture of both waters. Examples of cloudy particles include, but are not limited to, dirt particles and lint detached from the laundry, microplastics, and radioactive dust.
　廃液Ａは洗濯槽排出口とストレーナー１３０を接続する廃液管１２８を流れ、ストレーナー１３０に流れ込む。廃液管１２８には、バルブＶ５を設けることができる。しかしながら、図１１に示すようにストレーナー１３０とその下流に位置する廃液タンク１４０を設けずに、廃液管１２８の下流端を濾過手段における濾過装置１０に接続し、廃液Ａが洗濯槽排出口から濾過装置１０に直接流れ込むように構成してもよい。 The waste liquid A flows through the waste liquid pipe 128 that connects the washing tub outlet and the strainer 130 and flows into the strainer 130 . The waste liquid pipe 128 can be provided with a valve V5. However, as shown in FIG. 11, without providing the strainer 130 and the waste liquid tank 140 located downstream thereof, the downstream end of the waste liquid pipe 128 is connected to the filtering device 10 in the filtering means, and the waste liquid A is filtered from the washing tub outlet. It may also be configured to flow directly into the device 10 .
（ストレーナー１３０）
　廃液Ａがストレーナー１３０に達すると、廃液Ａに含まれる混濁粒子がストレーナー１３０によって分離され、残分がストレーナー１３０を透過し、廃液管１３９を通り、廃液タンク１４０に流れ込む。ストレーナーとしては、相対的に大きめの混濁粒子が分離されるように、メッシュや金網、パンチングメタルを例示できる。ストレーナー１３０の目開きは例えば、０．１～０。２５ｍｍにすることができる。 (Strainer 130)
When the waste liquid A reaches the strainer 130 , the turbid particles contained in the waste liquid A are separated by the strainer 130 , and the residue permeates the strainer 130 and flows through the waste liquid pipe 139 into the waste liquid tank 140 . As a strainer, a mesh, a wire mesh, and a punching metal can be exemplified so that relatively large turbid particles are separated. The mesh size of the strainer 130 can be, for example, 0.1-0.25 mm.
（廃液タンク１４０）
　本実施形態は、洗濯槽１００から廃液された洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水（すなわち、廃液Ａ）を貯留する廃液タンク１４０を設けることができる。廃液タンク１４０は、貯留された洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水の排出量を調節可能とする機構を備えたものとすることができる。例えば、廃液タンク１４０の排出口に弁（電磁弁でもよい。）を設け、弁の開度を調節することで廃液タンク１４０から濾過手段に流れる廃液の流量が変化して、結果濾過手段における濾過速度を調節することができる。廃液タンク１４０は、廃液管１３９からの廃液を受け入れる廃液管供給口と、廃液タンク１４０に貯留される廃液Ａを排出する廃液タンク排出口が設けられている。廃液タンク１４０の容積は、特に限定されないが例えば、洗濯槽１００に供給される１回分の洗い用水の水量又は１回分の濯ぎ用水の水量を少なくとも貯留できるものとすることができる。洗濯槽１００を複数台設ける場合は、洗濯槽１００の台数に応じて廃液タンク１４０の容積を大きくするとよい。 (Waste liquid tank 140)
In this embodiment, a waste liquid tank 140 for storing washing water and rinsing water (that is, waste liquid A) discharged from the washing tub 100 can be provided. The waste liquid tank 140 can be provided with a mechanism capable of adjusting the discharge amount of the stored washing water and rinsing water. For example, by providing a valve (which may be an electromagnetic valve) at the discharge port of the waste liquid tank 140 and adjusting the opening of the valve, the flow rate of the waste liquid flowing from the waste liquid tank 140 to the filtration means changes, resulting in the filtration in the filtration means. Speed can be adjusted. The waste liquid tank 140 is provided with a waste liquid pipe supply port for receiving the waste liquid from the waste liquid pipe 139 and a waste liquid tank discharge port for discharging the waste liquid A stored in the waste liquid tank 140 . Although the volume of the waste liquid tank 140 is not particularly limited, for example, it can store at least the amount of washing water or the amount of rinsing water supplied to the washing tub 100 for one time. When a plurality of washing tubs 100 are provided, the volume of the waste liquid tank 140 should be increased according to the number of washing tubs 100 .
　廃液タンク排出口と濾過装置１０は廃液管１４５で接続され、廃液タンク１４０から排出された廃液Ａが廃液管１４５を通り、濾過装置１０に供給される。廃液管１４５には廃液Ａを下流へ送水するためにポンプＰ１を設けることができる。ポンプＰ１としては、逆流を防ぐための逆止弁が備わるものを用いるとよい。濾過装置１０に供給された廃液Ａは濾過されて処理液Ｂになる。処理液Ｂは、濾液排出管１５に基端が接続される処理液管１４８を流れる。処理液管１４８の先端部は二股に分かれ、一方の先端部１０２が洗い用水タンク１２０に接続され、他方の先端部１０３が濯ぎ用水タンク１１０に接続されている。先端部１０２にはバルブＶ１１、先端部１０３にはバルブＶ１２がそれぞれ設けられている。処理液Ｂを洗い用水タンク１２０に供給する場合には、バルブＶ１２を閉じ、バルブＶ１１を開いて通水するとよい。処理液Ｂを濯ぎ用水タンク１１０に供給する場合には、バルブＶ１１を閉じ、バルブＶ１２を開きて通水するとよい。 The waste liquid tank discharge port and the filtration device 10 are connected by a waste liquid pipe 145 , and the waste liquid A discharged from the waste liquid tank 140 passes through the waste liquid pipe 145 and is supplied to the filtration device 10 . A pump P1 can be provided in the waste liquid pipe 145 to send the waste liquid A downstream. As the pump P1, it is preferable to use one provided with a check valve for preventing backflow. The waste liquid A supplied to the filtering device 10 is filtered to become the processing liquid B. FIG. The treated liquid B flows through a treated liquid tube 148 whose proximal end is connected to the filtrate discharge tube 15 . The tip of the treatment liquid pipe 148 is bifurcated, one tip 102 is connected to the washing water tank 120 and the other tip 103 is connected to the rinsing water tank 110 . A valve V11 is provided at the distal end portion 102, and a valve V12 is provided at the distal end portion 103, respectively. When supplying the treatment liquid B to the washing water tank 120, it is preferable to close the valve V12 and open the valve V11 to supply water. When supplying the treatment liquid B to the rinsing water tank 110, it is preferable to close the valve V11 and open the valve V12 to allow the water to flow.
　処理液Ｂが廃洗い用水が濾過手段で濾過されたものである場合は、当該処理液Ｂを洗い用水タンク１２０に送水し、次の洗い処理が始まるまで貯留しておくとよい。他方、処理液Ｂが廃濯ぎ用水が濾過手段で濾過されたものである場合は、当該処理液Ｂを濯ぎ用水タンク１１０に送水し、次の濯ぎ処理が始まるまで貯留しておくとよい。 When the treatment liquid B is waste washing water filtered by filtering means, the treatment liquid B should be sent to the washing water tank 120 and stored until the next washing process starts. On the other hand, when the treatment liquid B is waste rinsing water filtered by a filtering means, the treatment liquid B should be sent to the rinsing water tank 110 and stored until the next rinsing treatment starts.
　以上、本洗濯システムは、洗い用水が洗濯槽１００と濾過手段を循環し、濯ぎ用水が洗濯槽１００と濾過手段を循環するものとなっている。通常の洗濯システムの運転では、洗い用水と濯ぎ用水は混ざることなく運用できる。しかしながら、洗い用水と濯ぎ用水が相互に一部又は全部混ざることを排除するものではない。 As described above, in this washing system, the washing water circulates between the washing tub 100 and the filtering means, and the rinsing water circulates between the washing tub 100 and the filtering means. In normal washing system operation, wash water and rinse water can be operated without mixing. However, it is not excluded that the washing water and the rinsing water are partially or wholly mixed with each other.
（濾過手段）
　濾過手段は、図１０にその一例が示され、主に濾過装置１０、制御装置１７４、洗浄粉粒体貯留槽７５その他を有し、廃液Ａを濾過して処理液Ｂとするものである。以下、詳細について述べる。 (filtering means)
An example of the filtering means is shown in FIG. Details will be described below.
（濾過装置１０）
　実施形態に係る濾過装置１０は、密閉された濾過容器１１内で、廃液Ａを濾過フィルタ１２で濾過し、処理液Ｂ（例えば濾液。以下、「濾液Ｂ」という。）を排出する全量濾過（デッドエンド濾過）型の装置である。図２の符号ＦＬは濾過装置１０に流入した廃液Ａが濾過されて処理液Ｂとして濾過装置１０から排出されるまでの流れの一例である。 (Filtration device 10)
The filtration device 10 according to the embodiment filters the waste liquid A with the filtration filter 12 in the closed filtration container 11, and performs dead end filtration (for example, filtrate, hereinafter referred to as "filtrate B") for discharging the treated liquid B. dead-end filtration) type device. Symbol FL in FIG. 2 indicates an example of a flow of the waste liquid A that has flowed into the filtering device 10 being filtered and discharged as the treated liquid B from the filtering device 10 .
（濾過容器１１）
　濾過装置１０は濾過膜１２ｍを格納する濾過容器１１を備えている。この濾過容器１１の下部に廃液Ａの供給口１１Ａと汚濁スラリーＫの排出口１１Ｃが設けられ、濾過容器１１の上部に処理液（濾液）Ｂの排出口１１Ｂと洗浄粉粒体Ｆの供給口１６０が設けられている。汚濁スラリーＫとは、廃液Ａに含まれる混濁粒子が塊状化したものである。 (Filtration container 11)
The filtration device 10 includes a filtration container 11 that houses a filtration membrane 12m. A supply port 11A for the waste liquid A and a discharge port 11C for the contaminated slurry K are provided at the bottom of the filtration container 11, and a discharge port 11B for the treatment liquid (filtrate) B and a supply port for the washing powder F are provided at the top of the filtration container 11. 160 are provided. The polluted slurry K is an agglomerate of polluted particles contained in the waste liquid A. As shown in FIG.
　濾過容器１１は、濾過前の廃液Ａ（すなわち、洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水）が流入する第１室と、濾過処理された処理液が流出する第２室とで構成される。第１室に流入した廃液Ａが当該第１室と当該第２室を仕切る濾過膜１２ｍで濾過されて第２室に流れ込み、処理液（濾液）となり、第２室から流出する。濾過容器１１は、遮断壁８８と隔離壁８６と濾過膜１２ｍを主に有し、これら遮断壁８８と隔離壁８６と濾過膜１２ｍが第１室と第２室とを隔離する要素となっている。図２を参照しつつ説明すると、濾過容器１１内における太線Ｚの枠内の領域が第２室であり、同太線Ｚの枠外の領域が第１室である。濾過容器１１が遮断壁８８によって上部と下部に区分けされ、上部には、濾過容器１１の上下方向に中心軸が沿う姿勢で円筒状の隔離壁８６が備わり、隔離壁８６の上端部が濾過容器１１の天面と接合され、下端部が遮断壁８８と接合されている。隔離壁８６は非透液性のものからなり、濾過容器１１内の液体が、隔離壁８６や、隔離壁８６と濾過容器１１天面との接合部、隔離壁８６と遮断壁８８との接合部を透過して第１室と第２室の間を行き来することはない。他方下部には、濾過膜１２ｍが設けられている。また、遮断壁８８は、濾過容器１１の側方内壁と接合されていてもよいが、この場合、洗浄粉粒体Ｆの供給口１６０から供給された洗浄粉粒体Ｆが当該濾過容器１１下方へ流れ込むように、ドーナツ状の空隙を設けるとよい。なお、遮断壁８８と隔離壁８６は一体のものとして構成されていてもよい。 The filtration container 11 is composed of a first chamber into which the waste liquid A before filtration (that is, washing water and rinsing water) flows in, and a second chamber into which the filtered treatment liquid flows out. The waste liquid A that has flowed into the first chamber is filtered by the filtration membrane 12m that separates the first and second chambers, flows into the second chamber, becomes a treated liquid (filtrate), and flows out of the second chamber. The filtering container 11 mainly has a blocking wall 88, a separating wall 86, and a filtering membrane 12m. there is Referring to FIG. 2, the area within the frame of the thick line Z in the filtration container 11 is the second chamber, and the area outside the frame of the thick line Z is the first chamber. The filter container 11 is divided into upper and lower parts by a blocking wall 88, and a cylindrical separating wall 86 is provided in the upper part so that the central axis of the filtering container 11 extends in the vertical direction. 11, and the lower end is joined to the blocking wall 88. As shown in FIG. The isolation wall 86 is made of a liquid-impermeable material, and the liquid in the filtration container 11 flows through the isolation wall 86, the joint between the isolation wall 86 and the top surface of the filtration container 11, and the joint between the isolation wall 86 and the blocking wall 88. There is no way to go back and forth between the first chamber and the second chamber through the part. 12 m of filtration membranes are provided in the other lower part. In addition, the blocking wall 88 may be joined to the side inner wall of the filter container 11. In this case, the cleaning powder F supplied from the cleaning powder F supply port 160 is It is preferable to provide a doughnut-shaped space so that the water flows into the water. Note that the blocking wall 88 and the isolation wall 86 may be configured as a single unit.
　濾過容器１１内の液体は、濾過膜１２ｍを透過して第１室から第２室へ流れ込むように構成されており、濾過膜１２ｍ以外の箇所から第１室と第２室の間を行き来することはない。 The liquid in the filtration container 11 is configured to permeate the filtration membrane 12m and flow from the first chamber to the second chamber, and travels between the first chamber and the second chamber from locations other than the filtration membrane 12m. never.
　濾過容器１１の底面と濾過膜の下端１２ｕとの間にはストレーナー５５が設けられている。ストレーナー５５は、濾過容器１１の底面に平行になるように配され、周端縁が濾過容器１１の側方内壁に接合されたものである。このストレーナー５５は、目開きが０．２～０．３ｍｍであり、供給口１６０から供給された洗浄粉粒体Ｆが濾過容器１１下部における汚濁スラリーＫの排出口１１Ｃと廃液Ａの供給口１１Ａから流れ出ないように設けたものである。そして、このストレーナー５５を挟みつつ、ストレーナー５５の揺動を抑え、濾過フィルタ１２を支えるための支持部材５６を設けることができる。この支持部材５６は濾過容器１１の底に固定しておくとよい。また、ストレーナー５５は、汚濁スラリーＫの排出口１１Ｃと廃液Ａの供給口１１Ａをそれぞれ覆うように配された形態であってもよい。 A strainer 55 is provided between the bottom surface of the filtration container 11 and the lower end 12u of the filtration membrane. The strainer 55 is arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the filter container 11 and has its peripheral edge joined to the lateral inner wall of the filter container 11 . The strainer 55 has a mesh opening of 0.2 to 0.3 mm, and the cleaning powder F supplied from the supply port 160 passes through the discharge port 11C of the polluted slurry K and the supply port 11A of the waste liquid A at the bottom of the filter container 11. It is provided so that it does not flow out from the A supporting member 56 can be provided for holding the strainer 55 and suppressing the swinging of the strainer 55 and supporting the filtration filter 12 . This support member 56 is preferably fixed to the bottom of the filtration container 11 . Moreover, the strainer 55 may be arranged so as to cover the discharge port 11C of the contaminated slurry K and the supply port 11A of the waste liquid A, respectively.
（筒状体１２ｓ）
　濾過容器１１内には、壁面に濾液Ｂの透過孔が形成され、内部に濾液通路１２ｒが形成された筒状体１２ｓが設けられる。図に示したものは円筒形であって、その中心軸が濾過容器１１の上下方向に沿う姿勢で、濾過容器１１内に配されている。筒状体１２ｓの形状や姿勢は特に限定されず、筒状体１２ｓの形状を角筒形等の任意の公知形状に変更しても良いし、筒状体１２ｓの姿勢を筒状体１２ｓの中心軸が水平方向になるように濾過容器１１内に設置しても良い。なお、図示した筒状体１２ｓは、パンチングメタルなどの透過孔を有する平板を円筒状に成形したものであり、筒状体１２ｓ内の空間は濾液通路１２ｒとなる。 (Cylindrical body 12s)
Inside the filtration container 11, a cylindrical body 12s having a permeation hole for the filtrate B formed on the wall surface and a filtrate passage 12r formed therein is provided. The one shown in the figure is cylindrical, and is arranged in the filtration container 11 with its central axis extending along the vertical direction of the filtration container 11 . The shape and posture of the tubular body 12s are not particularly limited, and the shape of the tubular body 12s may be changed to any known shape such as a square tube. You may install in the filtration container 11 so that a central axis may become a horizontal direction. The illustrated cylindrical body 12s is formed by molding a flat plate made of punching metal or the like having a permeation hole into a cylindrical shape, and the space inside the cylindrical body 12s serves as a filtrate passage 12r.
（濾過膜１２ｍ）
　前記筒状体１２ｓの壁面の外側には、濾過膜１２ｍが設けられている。この濾過膜１２ｍとしては、表面積（濾過面積）が大きいことから、平坦な濾材をジグザグに（蛇腹状に）折り曲げつつ、筒状体１２ｓの外周面に巻き付けて、円筒状に形成したプリーツフィルタを用いることが好ましい。濾材を折り曲げていない単なる平坦な濾過膜と比べて、プリーツフィルタを用いることで、フィルタの表面積が大きくなるため、廃液Ａの単位時間当たりの処理能力を格段に高くすることができる。 (Filtration membrane 12m)
A filtration membrane 12m is provided outside the wall surface of the cylindrical body 12s. As the filtration membrane 12m, since the surface area (filtration area) is large, a flat filter material is folded in a zigzag (accordion shape) and wrapped around the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 12s to form a cylindrical pleated filter. It is preferable to use By using a pleated filter, the surface area of the filter is increased compared to a simple flat filtration membrane in which the filter material is not folded, so that the processing capacity of the waste liquid A per unit time can be significantly increased.
　なお、前記のように濾材をジグザグに折り曲げることで複数の襞２を形成することができる。このプリーツフィルタは、隣り合う襞２と襞２の壁面間の間隔が内側から外側へ向かって次第に広くなるため、汚濁スラリーＫを剥離・排出しやすいという利点がある。なお、隣り合う襞と襞の先端部２ｐ、２ｐ間の長さＬ１は、例えば５ｍｍにすることができ、襞の先端部２ｐから基端部２ｂまでの長さＬ２は、例えば４５ｍｍにすることができる。 A plurality of folds 2 can be formed by folding the filter medium in a zigzag manner as described above. This pleated filter has the advantage that the polluted slurry K can be easily peeled off and discharged because the distance between adjacent folds 2 and wall surfaces of the folds 2 gradually widens from the inside to the outside. The length L1 between adjacent folds and the leading ends 2p, 2p of the folds can be, for example, 5 mm, and the length L2 from the leading end 2p to the proximal end 2b of the folds can be set, for example, to 45 mm. can be done.
　濾過膜１２ｍは、単層または多層にすることができる。この濾過膜１２ｍの素材（濾材）としては、例えば、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（別名「テフロン」（登録商標））、ポリエステル、ポリフェニレンサルファイド（ＰＰＳ）樹脂、ナイロン、ステンレス等を用いることができる。濾過膜１２ｍの膜厚は、好ましくは０．３ｍｍ～０．７ｍｍ、より好ましくは０．６ｍｍである。また、濾材の繊維径（投影面積円相当径、Ｈｅｙｗｏｏｄ径をいう。以下、同じ。）は、好ましくは０．１μｍ～３μｍであり、より好ましくは０．１μｍである。繊維径が０．１μｍより細い繊維を用いると、濾過時の抵抗が大きくなるとともに、見かけの表面積が狭くなってしまう。また、繊維径が３μｍよりも太い繊維を用いると、廃液Ａ中の混濁粒子が濾過膜１２ｍの繊維間の隙間を透過してしまう。したがって、繊維径が０．１μｍ～３μｍの濾材を用いて、ある程度の目の粗さを持つ濾過膜１２ｍを形成することが好ましい。このような濾過膜１２ｍによって、濾過時に、濾過膜１２ｍの表面に付着した廃液Ａ中の混濁粒子が濾過層として作用する。なお、この濾過膜１２ｍの長手方向の長さは、例えば２００ｍｍ～４００ｍｍにすることができる。 The filtration membrane 12m can be a single layer or multiple layers. As the material (filter material) of the filtration membrane 12m, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (also known as "Teflon" (registered trademark)), polyester, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin, nylon, stainless steel, or the like can be used. The film thickness of the filtration membrane 12m is preferably 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm, more preferably 0.6 mm. Further, the fiber diameter of the filter medium (meaning projected area circle equivalent diameter, Heywood diameter; hereinafter the same) is preferably 0.1 μm to 3 μm, more preferably 0.1 μm. If fibers with a fiber diameter of less than 0.1 μm are used, the resistance during filtration will increase and the apparent surface area will become narrower. Further, if fibers having a fiber diameter larger than 3 μm are used, turbid particles in the waste liquid A will permeate through the gaps between the fibers of the filtration membrane 12m. Therefore, it is preferable to form the filtration membrane 12m having a certain degree of coarseness by using a filter medium having a fiber diameter of 0.1 μm to 3 μm. With such a filtration membrane 12m, turbid particles in the waste liquid A adhering to the surface of the filtration membrane 12m act as a filtration layer during filtration. The length of the filtration membrane 12m in the longitudinal direction can be, for example, 200 mm to 400 mm.
　本形態において、濾過膜１２ｍの表面１２ｆとは、濾過容器１１と向かい合う面をいい、廃液Ａと接する面をいう。一方、濾過膜１２ｍの裏面１２ｂとは、筒状体１２ｓと向かい合う面をいい、濾液Ｂと接する面をいう。 In this embodiment, the surface 12f of the filtration membrane 12m refers to the surface facing the filtration container 11 and the surface in contact with the waste liquid A. On the other hand, the rear surface 12b of the filtration membrane 12m refers to the surface facing the cylindrical body 12s and the surface in contact with the filtrate B. As shown in FIG.
　また、濾過膜１２ｍの表面１２ｆが洗浄時に破損しないように、所定の強度以上の濾過膜１２ｍを用いることが好ましい。例えば、ＪＩＳ Ｌ‐１９０６の測定方法において、引張強度（Ｎ／５ｃｍ）タテ：１２００、ヨコ：７００、破裂強力（ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2）タテ：２５のものを用いると良い。 Moreover, it is preferable to use the filtration membrane 12m having a predetermined strength or more so that the surface 12f of the filtration membrane 12m is not damaged during washing. For example, in the measuring method of JIS L-1906, tensile strength (N/5 cm) vertical: 1200, horizontal: 700, bursting strength (kgf/cm 2 ) vertical: 25 is preferably used.
　濾過膜１２ｍの襞の上端部及び下端部はそれぞれシールされており、廃液Ａが濾過膜１２ｍを通過せずに濾液通路１２ｒへ流れ込んでしまうことを防いでいる。濾過膜１２ｍの上端部のシール部分を上側濾過膜シール部１４ａといい、濾過膜１２ｍの下端部のシール部分を下側濾過膜シール部１４ｂという。なお、濾過膜１２ｍの上側において、濾液通路１２ｒと重なる部分はシールしない方が良い。濾液Ｂが濾液通路１２ｒから貯液室５１へ移動できなくなることを防止するためである。 The upper and lower ends of the pleats of the filtration membrane 12m are each sealed to prevent the waste liquid A from flowing into the filtrate passage 12r without passing through the filtration membrane 12m. The seal portion at the upper end of the filtration membrane 12m is referred to as an upper filtration membrane seal portion 14a, and the seal portion at the lower end of the filtration membrane 12m is referred to as a lower filtration membrane seal portion 14b. In addition, on the upper side of the filtration membrane 12m, it is better not to seal the portion overlapping the filtrate passage 12r. This is to prevent the filtrate B from being unable to move from the filtrate passage 12 r to the liquid storage chamber 51 .
　なお、図２に示すように、濾過容器１１の側方内壁から濾過膜１２ｍまでの距離Ｎはできるだけ短くすることが好ましい。すなわち、側方間隙５０ｓをできるだけ小さくすることが好ましい。前記距離Ｎを短くするほど、濾過膜１２ｍの周囲にたくさんの洗浄粉粒体Ｆを堆積させやすくなるからである。具体的には、濾過容器１１の側方内壁から濾過膜１２ｍの襞２の先端部２ｐまでの距離Ｎを３ｍｍ～１５ｍｍ程度にすることが好ましく、５～８ｍｍ程度にすることがより好ましい。当該距離Ｎが３ｍｍよりも短くなると、濾過膜１２ｍが振動したときに、濾過膜１２ｍが濾過容器１１の内壁に衝突して傷つくおそれがあり、当該距離Ｎが１５ｍｍよりも長くなると、側方間隙５０ｓの体積が大きくなることから、濾過膜１２ｍの周囲に洗浄粉粒体Ｆを堆積させるために、濾過容器１１内に多くの洗浄粉粒体Ｆを供給しなければならず、結果として洗浄時間が長くなるおそれがある。 In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable to shorten the distance N from the lateral inner wall of the filtration container 11 to the filtration membrane 12m as much as possible. That is, it is preferable to make the lateral gap 50s as small as possible. This is because the shorter the distance N, the easier it is to deposit a large amount of the washing powder F around the filtration membrane 12m. Specifically, the distance N from the lateral inner wall of the filtration container 11 to the tip 2p of the folds 2 of the filtration membrane 12m is preferably about 3 mm to 15 mm, more preferably about 5 to 8 mm. If the distance N is shorter than 3 mm, the filtration membrane 12m may collide with the inner wall of the filtration container 11 and be damaged when the filtration membrane 12m vibrates. Since the volume of 50 s becomes large, a large amount of the washing powder F must be supplied into the filtration container 11 in order to deposit the washing powder F around the filtration membrane 12m, resulting in a long washing time. is likely to be longer.
（遮断壁８８）
　濾過膜１２ｍの上端部分には遮断壁８８を設けることができる。この遮断壁８８は特に限定されるものではないが、非透液性または難透水性のものが好ましい。弾力性を有するものであるとさらに良い。例えばシリコンスポンジ、フッ素ゴムスポンジ、ウレタンゴムスポンジなどを用いることができる。図２に示した遮断壁８８は中央部分に貫通孔８８ｃが空けられた円環状の板状部材からなる。遮断壁８８の外周壁８８ｂは濾過容器１１の側壁と離間しており、隙間が形成され、その隙間を供給口１６０から供給された洗浄粉粒体Ｆが通過できる構成になっている。遮断壁８８の中央部分に設けられた貫通孔８８ｃの大きさは濾液通路１２ｒと同じ大きさとなっているが、濾液通路１２ｒよりも小さい大きさにしてもよい。遮断壁８８の貫通孔８８ｃの大きさを濾液通路１２ｒよりも大きくすることは好ましくない。遮断壁８８の貫通孔８８ｃの大きさを濾液通路１２ｒよりも大きくする形態にする場合は、廃液Ａや洗浄粉粒体Ｆが濾過膜１２ｍを通過することなく貯液室５１へ移動しないような何等かの障壁を設けると良い。 (Blocking wall 88)
A blocking wall 88 can be provided at the upper end portion of the filtration membrane 12m. Although the blocking wall 88 is not particularly limited, it is preferably liquid-impermeable or water-impermeable. It is even better if it has elasticity. For example, silicon sponge, fluororubber sponge, urethane rubber sponge, or the like can be used. The blocking wall 88 shown in FIG. 2 consists of an annular plate-like member having a through hole 88c in the central portion. The outer peripheral wall 88b of the blocking wall 88 is separated from the side wall of the filter container 11 to form a gap through which the cleaning powder F supplied from the supply port 160 can pass. The size of the through hole 88c provided in the central portion of the blocking wall 88 is the same size as the filtrate passage 12r, but may be smaller than the filtrate passage 12r. It is not preferable to make the through hole 88c of the blocking wall 88 larger than the filtrate passage 12r. When the size of the through hole 88c of the blocking wall 88 is made larger than the size of the filtrate passage 12r, the waste liquid A and the washing powder F are prevented from moving to the liquid storage chamber 51 without passing through the filtration membrane 12m. It's good to have some sort of barrier.
　この遮断壁８８は、廃液Ａが濾過膜１２ｍを通過することなく第２室（例えば、濾液通路１２ｒや貯液室５１）へ移動することを防ぐために設けたパッキンである。また、この遮断壁８８に弾力性を持たせることで、振動体７３の起振力を濾過フィルタ１２に集中させることができ、振動体７３の振動が濾過容器１１に伝わることを防止することができる。このような遮断壁８８の硬さは特に限定されないが、４０～１６０ＫＰａ程度とすることが好ましく、６０～９０ＫＰａ程度とすることがより好ましい。４０ＫＰａよりも小さいと、遮断壁８８によるシールが十分ではなくなり、側方間隙５０ｓの廃液Ａが遮断壁８８の隙間を通り抜けて貯液室５１へ漏れ出るおそれがある。他方、１６０ＫＰａよりも大きいと、振動体の７３の振動が濾過容器１１に伝わりやすくなる。なお、前記遮断壁８８の硬さ（圧縮弾性率）はＪＩＳ（日本工業規格）のＫ６２５４に従って測定する。 This blocking wall 88 is a packing provided to prevent the waste liquid A from moving to the second chamber (for example, the filtrate passage 12r or the liquid storage chamber 51) without passing through the filtration membrane 12m. Further, by imparting elasticity to the blocking wall 88 , the vibrating force of the vibrating body 73 can be concentrated on the filtration filter 12 , thereby preventing the vibration of the vibrating body 73 from being transmitted to the filtering container 11 . can. Although the hardness of the blocking wall 88 is not particularly limited, it is preferably about 40 to 160 KPa, more preferably about 60 to 90 KPa. If it is less than 40 KPa, the sealing by the blocking wall 88 is not sufficient, and the waste liquid A in the side gap 50s may pass through the gap of the blocking wall 88 and leak into the liquid storage chamber 51 . On the other hand, if it is higher than 160 KPa, the vibration of the vibrating body 73 is likely to be transmitted to the filter container 11 . The hardness (compressive modulus) of the blocking wall 88 is measured according to JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) K6254.
　図２に示した実施形態は、濾過容器１１の下側から廃液Ａを入れ、濾過容器１１の上側から処理液Ｂを排出させるものであるため、遮断壁８８を濾過膜１２ｍの上側に設け、遮断壁８８が濾過フィルタ１２の上端部を上側から覆う形態とし、当該濾過フィルタ１２の上端部と接合され、この接合部を通って、濾過容器１１内の液体が第１室と第２室との間で行き来することはない。反対に、濾過容器１１の上側から廃液Ａを入れ、濾過容器１１の下側から処理液Ｂを排出させるものである場合は、遮断壁８８を濾過膜１２ｍの下側に設け、遮断壁８８が濾過フィルタ１２の下端部を下側から覆う形態とすることが好ましい。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the waste liquid A is put in from the bottom side of the filtration container 11, and the treated liquid B is discharged from the top side of the filtration container 11. Therefore, the blocking wall 88 is provided above the filtration membrane 12m, The blocking wall 88 covers the upper end of the filtration filter 12 from the upper side and is joined to the upper end of the filtration filter 12. The liquid in the filtration container 11 passes through this joint to flow into the first chamber and the second chamber. There is no back-and-forth between Conversely, when the waste liquid A is introduced from the upper side of the filtration vessel 11 and the treated liquid B is discharged from the lower side of the filtration vessel 11, the blocking wall 88 is provided below the filtration membrane 12m, and the blocking wall 88 is It is preferable that the lower end of the filtration filter 12 is covered from below.
（貯液室５１）
　濾過容器１１の内部に貯液室５１が設けられている。貯液室５１は濾液Ｂを貯留するために設けられた室であり、濾過フィルタ１２の後段に設けら、第２室の一部である。濾過フィルタ１２の形状が筒型であって、外側から内側へ向かって通液するタイプである場合、濾過フィルタ１２の内部に濾液通路１２ｒが形成されるが、貯液室５１はその濾液通路１２ｒのさらに後段に設けられている。図２や図８に示した実施形態では、濾液通路１２ｒ（濾液通路１２ｒの上端部は濾過フィルタ１２の上端部と同様であり、濾液通路１２ｒの下端部は濾過フィルタ１２の下端部と同様である）よりも上方であって、かつ、遮断壁８８よりも上方に貯液室５１が設けられている。 (liquid storage chamber 51)
A liquid storage chamber 51 is provided inside the filtration container 11 . The liquid storage chamber 51 is a chamber provided to store the filtrate B, is provided in the rear stage of the filtration filter 12, and is a part of the second chamber. When the filter 12 has a cylindrical shape and is of a type in which the liquid flows from the outside to the inside, the filtrate passage 12r is formed inside the filter 12, and the liquid storage chamber 51 is formed in the filtrate passage 12r. is provided further behind. 2 and 8, the filtrate passage 12r (the upper end of the filtrate passage 12r is similar to the upper end of the filtration filter 12 and the lower end of the filtrate passage 12r is similar to the lower end of the filtration filter 12). ) and above the blocking wall 88, the liquid storage chamber 51 is provided.
　後述の濾過手段の洗浄で、この貯液室５１を設けた利点が発揮される。濾過手段の洗浄で濾過容器１１の第１案から汚濁スラリーＫを排出するステップがあるが、圧縮気体ＣＡ２による加圧のみでは、汚濁スラリーＫが第１室の隅（特に間隙５０ｓや５０ｕ、濾過膜１２ｍの周囲。以下同じ。）に残る場合がある。そこで貯液室５１に貯められた濾液Ｂによる水圧を利用するとよい。具体的には、圧縮気体ＣＡ２によって貯液室５１に貯められた濾液Ｂが押圧されると、押圧された濾液Ｂが濾過フィルタ１２を逆流し、汚濁スラリーＫを巻き込んで排出口１１Ｃから排出される。これにより、汚濁スラリーＫが濾過容器１１の内部に残りにくくなる。 The advantage of providing the liquid storage chamber 51 is demonstrated in the cleaning of the filtration means, which will be described later. There is a step of discharging the contaminated slurry K from the first type of the filtering container 11 in the cleaning of the filtering means, but only pressurization by the compressed gas CA2 causes the contaminated slurry K to move into the corners of the first chamber (particularly the gaps 50s and 50u, and the filtration around the film 12m (the same shall apply hereinafter)). Therefore, it is preferable to utilize the hydraulic pressure of the filtrate B stored in the liquid storage chamber 51 . Specifically, when the filtrate B stored in the liquid storage chamber 51 is pressed by the compressed gas CA2, the pressed filtrate B flows backward through the filtration filter 12, involves the contaminated slurry K, and is discharged from the discharge port 11C. be. This makes it difficult for the contaminated slurry K to remain inside the filtration container 11 .
　また、濾過膜１２ｍの外側には振動によって細切れになった汚濁スラリーＫの破片が多く存在している。その汚濁スラリーＫの一部は濾過膜１２ｍに付着しており、落下して濾過容器１１の底部に溜まっているものもある。後処理工程では、濾過容器１１の内部からそれらの汚濁スラリーＫや、その他の不純物（廃液Ａ中に混入していたものであって、塊状になっていないもの）を排出する必要もあるが、この排出を行う際にも圧縮気体ＣＡ２だけでは押し出し力が十分ではない。そこで、貯液室５１に設けられた濾液Ｂを用いると、これらの汚濁スラリーＫや不純物も濾過容器１１の内部に残りにくい。汚濁スラリーＫは、混濁粒子が集合して塊状化したものであり、弱い衝撃を受けると、容易に塊状化が砕けて細かい粒子になる。濾過フィルタ１２の表面で形成された汚濁スラリーＫは、ストレーナー５５を透過して排出口１１Ｃから排出されることになるが、たとえ塊状となった汚濁スラリーＫの径がストレーナー５５の目開きよりも大であっても、ストレーナー５５に衝突したときの衝撃で細かい粒子に砕けるので、ストレーナー５５を容易に透過する。 In addition, there are many fragments of the polluted slurry K that have been shredded by vibration on the outside of the filtration membrane 12m. A part of the polluted slurry K adheres to the filtration membrane 12m, and some of it falls down and accumulates at the bottom of the filtration container 11. FIG. In the post-treatment process, it is necessary to discharge the polluted slurry K and other impurities (those that have been mixed in the waste liquid A and are not clumped) from the inside of the filtration container 11. Even when performing this discharge, the pushing force is not sufficient with only the compressed gas CA2. Therefore, if the filtrate B provided in the liquid storage chamber 51 is used, the contaminated slurry K and impurities are less likely to remain inside the filtration container 11 . The polluted slurry K is formed by agglomeration of polluted particles, and when subjected to a weak impact, the agglomerates are easily broken into fine particles. The contaminated slurry K formed on the surface of the filtration filter 12 passes through the strainer 55 and is discharged from the discharge port 11C. Even if it is large, it breaks into fine particles due to the impact when it collides with the strainer 55, so it easily passes through the strainer 55. - 特許庁
　図２や図８の実施形態では、濾過容器１１の下側に濾過フィルタ１２を設け、廃液Ａを濾過容器１１の下側から供給し、濾液Ｂを濾過容器１１の上側から排出するタイプであるため、濾過容器１１の上側に貯液室５１を設けている。反対に、濾過容器１１の上側に濾過フィルタ１２を設け、廃液Ａを濾過容器１１の上側から供給し、濾液Ｂを濾過容器１１の下側から排出するタイプのものである場合は、濾過容器１１の下側に貯液室５１を設けることが好ましい。 2 and 8, the filtration filter 12 is provided on the bottom side of the filtration container 11, the waste liquid A is supplied from the bottom side of the filtration container 11, and the filtrate B is discharged from the top side of the filtration container 11. Therefore, a liquid storage chamber 51 is provided above the filtration container 11 . Conversely, in the case of a type in which the filtration filter 12 is provided on the upper side of the filtration vessel 11, the waste liquid A is supplied from the upper side of the filtration vessel 11, and the filtrate B is discharged from the lower side of the filtration vessel 11, the filtration vessel 11 It is preferable to provide a liquid storage chamber 51 on the lower side of the .
　この貯液室５１の大きさは任意に定めることができる。図２や図８の実施形態では、濾過容器１１を上下に約２等分して、上側半分を貯液室５１とし、下側半分に濾過フィルタ１２を設けて濾過処理空間（遮断壁８８を境にして貯液室５１とは反対側の空間。例えば、図２や図８の実施形態では、高さ方向ＬＤにおいて、遮断壁８８よりも下側ＤＳに位置する全空間をいう。以下同じ。）としている。この比率は任意に変更することもできるが、洗浄粉粒体Ｆや汚濁スラリーＫなどを濾過容器１１から排出するためには、貯液室５１の内部にある程度の量の濾液Ｂを貯留しておく必要がある。また、貯留する濾液Ｂの量が多すぎると、図２や図８のような実施形態では、貯液室５１の下部に設けた遮断壁８８や濾過フィルタ１２にかかる重力が大きくなり、それらが故障するおそれがある。 The size of this liquid storage chamber 51 can be determined arbitrarily. In the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 8, the filtration container 11 is vertically divided into two equal parts, the upper half being the liquid storage chamber 51, and the lower half being provided with the filtration filter 12 to provide a filtration processing space (blocking wall 88). A space on the opposite side of the boundary from the liquid storage chamber 51. For example, in the embodiments of Figs. ). Although this ratio can be arbitrarily changed, in order to discharge the washing powder F, the contaminated slurry K, etc. from the filter container 11, a certain amount of filtrate B is stored in the liquid storage chamber 51. need to leave In addition, if the amount of the filtrate B to be stored is too large, in the embodiments as shown in FIGS. Failure to do so may result in malfunction.
　以上のことから、貯液室５１の容積を濾過処理空間の容積よりも小さくすることが好ましい。具体的には、貯液室５１の容積と濾過処理空間の容積の比率を１（貯液室５１の容積）対１．２以上（濾過処理空間の容積）とすることが好ましく、１（貯液室５１の容積）対１．５以上（濾過処理空間の容積）とすることがより好ましい。 From the above, it is preferable to make the volume of the liquid storage chamber 51 smaller than the volume of the filtration processing space. Specifically, the ratio of the volume of the liquid storage chamber 51 to the volume of the filtration processing space is preferably 1 (the volume of the liquid storage chamber 51) to 1.2 or more (the volume of the filtration processing space). It is more preferable to set the ratio of the volume of the liquid chamber 51) to 1.5 or more (the volume of the filtration processing space).
（フィルタ支持体２９）
　襞２の内面に（濾過膜１２ｍの裏面１２ｑと接するように）、その襞形状に沿うように、ハニカムメッシュや金網等をジグザグに折り曲げた支持板（フィルタ支持体２９）を配することが好ましい。図５（５Ａ）は濾過前の濾過膜１２ｍの断面拡大図であり、図５（５Ｂ）は濾過中の濾過膜１２ｍの断面拡大図である。濾過膜１２ｍの表面１２ｆに汚濁スラリーＫが積層するにつれて、プリーツフィルタの襞２が押し潰され、襞２内の空間が無くなる「閉塞」の生じる可能性があるが、フィルタ支持体２９を設けることでこの閉塞を防ぐことができる。廃液Ａの濾過中は、濾過前よりも、濾過膜１２ｍの膜厚２ｗが狭くなっている。 (Filter support 29)
A support plate (filter support 29) made by zigzag-folding a honeycomb mesh, wire mesh, or the like is preferably arranged along the shape of the folds on the inner surface of the folds 2 (so as to be in contact with the back surface 12q of the filtration membrane 12m). . FIG. 5(5A) is a cross-sectional enlarged view of the filtration membrane 12m before filtration, and FIG. 5(5B) is a cross-sectional enlarged view of the filtration membrane 12m during filtration. As the polluted slurry K accumulates on the surface 12f of the filtration membrane 12m, the folds 2 of the pleated filter are crushed, and there is a possibility that the space in the folds 2 will be lost and "clogging" may occur, but the filter support 29 is provided. can prevent this blockage. During filtration of the waste liquid A, the film thickness 2w of the filtration membrane 12m is narrower than before filtration.
（廃液Ａの供給）
　前述のように、図２の濾過装置１０は、濾過容器１１の底面に廃液Ａの供給口１１Ａを設けているが、濾過容器１１の上部や側部など、任意の箇所に変更してもよい。 (Supply of waste liquid A)
As described above, the filtration device 10 of FIG. 2 has the supply port 11A for the waste liquid A on the bottom surface of the filtration container 11, but it may be changed to an arbitrary location such as the upper portion or the side portion of the filtration container 11. .
（濾液Ｂの排出）
　前述のように、濾過容器１１の上部には、濾過容器１１の外に濾液Ｂを排出する排出口１１Ｂが設けられている。濾液Ｂは、濾液通路１２ｒの上端開口部から遮断壁８８の中央開口部を通って、貯液室５１へ移動した後、濾液排出管１５および排出口１１Ｂを経て処理液管１４８へ導かれる。なお、前述のように図２の実施形態では、濾液Ｂの排出口１１Ｂを濾過容器１１の上部に設けたが、濾過容器１１の下部または側部に設けたりするなど、任意の箇所に変更することができる。 (Discharge of filtrate B)
As described above, the upper portion of the filtration container 11 is provided with the discharge port 11B for discharging the filtrate B to the outside of the filtration container 11 . The filtrate B moves from the upper end opening of the filtrate passage 12r through the central opening of the blocking wall 88 to the storage chamber 51, and then is led to the treated liquid pipe 148 through the filtrate discharge pipe 15 and the discharge port 11B. As described above, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the discharge port 11B for the filtrate B is provided in the upper part of the filtration container 11, but it can be changed to any position such as providing in the lower part or the side part of the filtration container 11. be able to.
　なお、処理液管１４８には、循環する液に水Ｗを追加供給するための供給管１８１を設けることができる。もっとも、本洗濯システムの洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水の用意は、この水Ｗを用いて用意するとよい。 The processing liquid pipe 148 can be provided with a supply pipe 181 for additionally supplying water W to the circulating liquid. However, it is preferable to use this water W to prepare washing water and rinsing water for this washing system.
（洗浄粉粒体供給手段）
　洗浄粉粒体供給手段は、洗浄粉粒体Ｆを貯留する洗浄粉粒体貯留槽７５と、洗浄粉粒体Ｆを洗浄粉粒体貯留槽７５から濾過容器１１へ送って供給する洗浄粉粒体供給管７８を有する。洗浄粉粒体Ｆは、洗浄粉粒体供給管７８に流す圧縮空気又は液体とともに濾過容器１１に供給することができる。圧縮空気により供給する場合は、限定されるものではないが、圧送ポンプ、例えばベーンポンプやチューブポンプ等を用いることができる。他方、洗浄粉粒体供給手段を設けずに、あらかじめ第１室に入れておいてもよい。 (Washing powder supply means)
The washing granular material supply means includes a washing granular material storage tank 75 that stores the washing granular material F, and a washing granular material F that is sent from the washing granular material storage tank 75 to the filtering container 11 and supplied. It has a body supply tube 78 . The cleaning granules F can be supplied to the filter container 11 together with compressed air or liquid flowing through the cleaning granules supply pipe 78 . When compressed air is supplied, a pressure pump such as a vane pump or a tube pump can be used, although not limited thereto. On the other hand, the first chamber may be filled in advance without providing the cleaning powder supply means.
（洗浄粉粒体Ｆ）
　前記洗浄粉粒体Ｆとは、粉体及び粒体を意味し、例えば、球状プラスチックビーズや球状ガラスビーズや球状パーライトビーズ等のビーズ、球状塩ビスポンジ等の球状スポンジ、珪砂等の砂などを用いることができる。後述するように、洗浄粉粒体Ｆは濾過フィルタ１２と擦れるものである。したがって、濾過フィルタ１２の劣化を防止するという観点からは、洗浄粉粒体Ｆが砂等の角を有する粒子であるのは好ましくなく、球体状の粒子、楕円体状の粒子等の丸みを帯びた粒子であるのが好ましい。また、同様に観点から、洗浄粉粒体Ｆは，硬度が高くない方がよい。具体的には、洗浄粉粒体Ｆの硬度は、好ましくはＲ２０～Ｒ１１０である。したがって、洗浄粉粒体Ｆの比重は特に限定されるものではないが、例えば０．７～１．２ｇ／ｃｍ3であるのが好ましい。加えて、洗浄粉粒体Ｆは、回収再利用、つまり分級に適する粒径であるのが好ましい。具体的には、粒径が０．２ｍｍ～０．８ｍｍであるのが好ましく、０．４ｍｍ～０．８ｍｍであるのがより好ましいが、上記粒径の粒子でも、洗浄粉粒体Ｆとして十分に使用することができる。なお、洗浄粉粒体Ｆの粒径は、ＪＩＳ　Ｚ８８００に準拠して測定した値である。 (Washed granules F)
The washed granules F mean powders and granules, and for example, beads such as spherical plastic beads, spherical glass beads, spherical perlite beads, spherical sponges such as spherical PVC sponges, and sands such as silica sand are used. be able to. As will be described later, the cleaning granules F rub against the filtration filter 12 . Therefore, from the viewpoint of preventing deterioration of the filtration filter 12, it is not preferable that the cleaning granules F are particles having corners such as sand. It is preferably a fine particle. Also, from the same point of view, the cleaning powder F should not have high hardness. Specifically, the hardness of the washed granular material F is preferably R20 to R110. Therefore, although the specific gravity of the washed powder F is not particularly limited, it is preferably, for example, 0.7 to 1.2 g/cm 3 . In addition, the washed granular material F preferably has a particle size suitable for recovery and reuse, that is, classification. Specifically, the particle size is preferably 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm, more preferably 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm. can be used for The particle size of the washed powder F is a value measured according to JIS Z8800.
　第１室にある洗浄粉粒体Ｆは、廃液Ａの濾過が開始されると、廃液Ａによる流れ方向への水圧を受け、濾過膜１２ｍの外面全体に付着し、粉粒体の層を形成する。濾過の進行とともに層の表面にも次々と洗浄粉粒体Ｆが付着し、多量の洗浄粉粒体Ｆで構成される所定の厚みを有する層に成長する。この洗浄粉粒体からなる層がいわゆるプレコート層の役割を果たし、廃液Ａに含まれる混濁粒子が濾過膜１２ｍに直接接触して濾過膜１２ｍの外面を損傷させるのを防止できる。また、洗浄粉粒体Ｆがなければ、混濁粒子が濾過膜１２ｍに付着したり挟まったりして濾過フィルタ１２の濾過効率が低下することになるが、本形態であれば、洗浄粉粒体からなる層があたかも砂濾過の濾材ごとく作用する。具体的には混濁粒子が廃液Ａとともに洗浄粉粒体からなる層を外側から内側（濾過膜１２ｍ方向）へ流れるものの、洗浄粉粒体からなる層の外側に捕捉されるので、濾過膜１２ｍにまでたどり着くことが少なく、そのため濾過フィルタ１２が混濁粒子によって目詰まりを起こしにくく、すなわち濾過効率が低下しにくくなる。加えて、洗浄粉粒体からなる層は、プリーツフィルタの軸心方向の圧密の影響により、濾過膜１２ｍに近い側の層は付着状態が維持されるが、層の外側（表面側）ほど洗浄粉粒体相互の付着力が弱く、層が変形し易いあるいは流動し易いものとなっている。また、混濁粒子の多くはその付着力が弱い外側の層に捕捉される。そして、層の外側付近の洗浄粉粒体は、相互の流動により擦れ合うので、その洗浄粉粒体に捕捉された混濁粒子が擦れの衝撃により剥がれ、汚濁スラリーとして回収し易いという利点を有する。加えて、洗浄粉粒体Ｆが濾過膜１２ｍ外面に付着する過程で当該外面が洗浄粉粒体Ｆによって擦られるので、当該外面に付着した汚濁スラリーＫが剥がれ濾過膜１２ｍの目詰まりが起こり難く、濾過速度が低下しづらいという効果もある。 When the filtration of the waste liquid A is started, the washing granules F in the first chamber are subjected to water pressure in the flow direction by the waste liquid A, adhere to the entire outer surface of the filtration membrane 12m, and form a layer of granules. do. As the filtration progresses, the washed granules F adhere to the surface of the layer one after another and grow into a layer composed of a large amount of the washed granules F and having a predetermined thickness. This layer made of the washed granules serves as a so-called precoat layer, and can prevent turbid particles contained in the waste liquid A from directly contacting the filtration membrane 12m and damaging the outer surface of the filtration membrane 12m. In addition, if there is no washing powder F, turbid particles adhere to or get caught in the filtration membrane 12m, and the filtration efficiency of the filtration filter 12 is reduced. The layers act like the filter media in a sand filter. Specifically, although the turbid particles flow from the outside to the inside (in the direction of the filtration membrane 12m) through the layer of washing granules together with the waste liquid A, they are captured outside the layer of washing granules. Therefore, the filter 12 is less likely to be clogged with turbid particles, that is, the filtering efficiency is less likely to decrease. In addition, in the layer made of the washed granules, due to the effect of compaction in the axial direction of the pleated filter, the layer closer to the filtration membrane 12m maintains an attached state, but the outer side (surface side) of the layer is washed. The adhesive force between the particles is weak, and the layers are easily deformed or easily flowed. Also, most of the turbid particles are trapped in the outer layer, which has a weaker adhesion. Further, since the cleaning granules near the outside of the layer rub against each other due to mutual flow, there is an advantage that the contaminated particles captured by the cleaning granules are peeled off by the impact of the rubbing and easily recovered as contaminated slurry. In addition, since the outer surface of the filter membrane 12m is rubbed by the cleaning powder particles F in the process in which the cleaning powder particles F adhere to the outer surface of the filtration membrane 12m, the polluted slurry K adhering to the outer surface is peeled off and the filtration membrane 12m is hardly clogged. , there is also an effect that the filtration rate is less likely to decrease.
（振動体７３）
　本実施形態の濾過手段は、濾過容器１１に洗浄粉粒体Ｆが貯まった状態で濾過フィルタ１２を振動させ、濾過フィルタ１２と洗浄粉粒体Ｆを擦らせる振動体７３を設けている。この振動体７３は、濾過膜１２ｍの底面２１ｄの上に載せられた濾過フィルタ振動装置７０と、濾過装置１０の外から濾過フィルタ振動装置７０に圧縮気体ＡＲを送るために用いる気体供給管７２と、濾過フィルタ振動装置７０を振動させるために用いた圧縮気体ＡＲを濾過装置１０の外へ送るための気体排気管７１を有している。濾過フィルタ振動装置７０は特に限定されるものではない。濾過フィルタ振動装置７０としてバイブレータ（ピストンバイブレータ）を用いているが、これに代えてボールバイブレータ、電磁ソレノイド、エアノッカーなどを用いてもよい。また、濾過フィルタ振動装置７０の取り付け位置は適宜変更することができ、例えば濾過膜１２ｍの天面２１ｕに取り付けたり、筒状体１２ｓの内面に取り付けたりしてもよい。濾過膜１２ｍの外面には汚濁スラリーＫが付着しているため、振動体７３によって濾過膜１２ｍを振動させると、その濾過膜１２ｍと一緒になって汚濁スラリーＫも振動するため、汚濁スラリーＫを剥離しやすい。 (vibrating body 73)
The filtering means of this embodiment is provided with a vibrating body 73 that vibrates the filtering filter 12 in a state in which the cleaning powders F are accumulated in the filtration container 11 to rub the filtering filter 12 against the cleaning powders F. As shown in FIG. The vibrating body 73 includes a filtration filter vibrating device 70 placed on the bottom surface 21d of the filtration membrane 12m, and a gas supply pipe 72 used for sending the compressed gas AR to the filtration filter vibrating device 70 from outside the filtration device 10. , has a gas exhaust pipe 71 for sending the compressed gas AR used for vibrating the filter vibrating device 70 out of the filtering device 10 . The filtration filter vibration device 70 is not particularly limited. A vibrator (piston vibrator) is used as the filter vibrator 70, but a ball vibrator, an electromagnetic solenoid, an air knocker, or the like may be used instead. Moreover, the attachment position of the filtration filter vibration device 70 can be changed as appropriate, and for example, it may be attached to the top surface 21u of the filtration membrane 12m, or may be attached to the inner surface of the cylindrical body 12s. Since the dirty slurry K adheres to the outer surface of the filtration membrane 12m, when the filtration membrane 12m is vibrated by the vibrator 73, the dirty slurry K vibrates together with the filtration membrane 12m. Easy to peel off.
　振動体７３は、図８に示すように、濾過容器１１と濾過膜１２ｍの間に貯留された洗浄粉粒体Ｆを振動させる洗浄粉粒体振動装置を有するものでもよい。洗浄粉粒体振動装置は特に限定されるものではない。例えば、濾過容器１１と濾過膜１２ｍの間に洗浄粉粒体振動装置としてのバイブレータを設け、このバイブレータの振動によって洗浄粉粒体Ｆを振動させるようにしてもよい。または、図８に示すように、濾過容器１１と濾過膜１２ｍの間に洗浄粉粒体振動装置としての気体噴出装置７３ａを設け、この気体噴出装置から噴出される気体によって、洗浄粉粒体Ｆを振動させるようにしてもよい。または、高周波バイブレータ、超音波振動子などの装置を設け、洗浄粉粒体Ｆを振動させるようにしてもよい。このように、振動体７３によって洗浄粉粒体Ｆを振動させる形態では、図２のように濾過膜１２ｍを直接振動させるものではないため、図２の形態に比べて濾過膜１２ｍが傷みにくい。また、図２のように濾過膜１２ｍを直接振動させる形態では、濾過膜１２ｍが振動する距離（振動距離）を長くすることは難しいが、図８のように振動体７３によって洗浄粉粒体Ｆを振動させる形態では、洗浄粉粒体Ｆの振動距離を長くすることができるため、濾過膜１２ｍや汚濁スラリーＫと、洗浄粉粒体Ｆとの摩擦をより強くすることができる。 As shown in FIG. 8, the vibrating body 73 may have a cleaning powder/granule vibration device that vibrates the cleaning powder/granule F stored between the filtration container 11 and the filtration membrane 12m. There is no particular limitation on the cleaning powder or granular material vibrating device. For example, a vibrator may be provided between the filter container 11 and the filter membrane 12m as a washing powder or grain vibrating device, and the washing powder or grain F may be vibrated by the vibration of this vibrator. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 8, a gas jetting device 73a as a cleaning powder vibrating device is provided between the filtration container 11 and the filtration membrane 12m, and the cleaning powder F may be vibrated. Alternatively, a device such as a high-frequency vibrator, an ultrasonic vibrator, or the like may be provided to vibrate the cleaning powder F. Thus, in the configuration in which the washing powder F is vibrated by the vibrator 73, the filter membrane 12m is not directly vibrated as shown in FIG. In addition, in the configuration in which the filtration membrane 12m is directly vibrated as shown in FIG. 2, it is difficult to increase the vibration distance (vibration distance) of the filtration membrane 12m. , the vibration distance of the cleaning powder F can be increased, so the friction between the filtration membrane 12m or the dirty slurry K and the cleaning powder F can be made stronger.
　さらに、濾過フィルタ１２を振動させる濾過フィルタ振動装置７０と、洗浄粉粒体Ｆを振動させる洗浄粉粒体振動装置の両方を設けても良い。両方設けることによって、片方だけを設けた場合と比べて、汚濁スラリーＫの剥離力を強くすることができる。 Furthermore, both the filtering filter vibrating device 70 for vibrating the filtering filter 12 and the cleaning powder/granule vibrating device for vibrating the cleaning powder/granule F may be provided. By providing both, it is possible to increase the peeling force of the polluted slurry K compared to the case where only one is provided.
　濾過フィルタ振動装置７０に圧縮気体ＡＲを送るために用いる気体供給管７２は、コンプレッサ１７３と送気管１７０，１７２で接続されている。送気管１７０，１７２にはバルブＶ２０が設けられている。コンプレッサ１７３は、圧縮気体が例えば０．４ＭＰａで送気することができ、送気された圧縮気体が気体供給管７２を通って振動体７３に送られる。 A gas supply pipe 72 used to send the compressed gas AR to the filtration filter vibrating device 70 is connected to the compressor 173 by air pipes 170 and 172 . The air pipes 170 and 172 are provided with valves V20. The compressor 173 can supply compressed gas at, for example, 0.4 MPa, and the supplied compressed gas is sent to the vibrator 73 through the gas supply pipe 72 .
（排出手段）
　濾過装置１０で濾過を行うと、廃液Ａ中の混濁粒子が濾過膜１２ｍ外面に形成された洗浄粉粒体からなる層に堆積し、汚濁スラリーＫが形成される。詳しくは、濾過が進むにつれて当該層の構成要素である洗浄粉粒体相互の間隙や当該層の表面が混濁粒子で埋められて成長して汚濁スラリーＫが膜状に形成される。汚濁スラリーＫの膜厚が厚くなるにつれて廃液Ａの濾過能力が低下する。そのため、汚濁スラリーＫが所定の厚みに達した時点で、汚濁スラリーＫを剥離して、濾過装置１０から排出する必要がある。 (Ejection means)
When filtration is performed by the filtration device 10, the turbid particles in the waste liquid A are deposited on the layer of washed powder particles formed on the outer surface of the filter membrane 12m, and the turbid slurry K is formed. Specifically, as the filtration progresses, the turbidity particles grow to fill the gaps between the washing granules constituting the layer and the surface of the layer, forming the turbidity slurry K in the form of a film. As the film thickness of the contaminated slurry K increases, the ability to filter the waste liquid A decreases. Therefore, when the contaminated slurry K reaches a predetermined thickness, it is necessary to separate the contaminated slurry K and discharge it from the filtering device 10 .
　汚濁スラリーＫを剥離するためには、振動体７３を稼働させる、貯液室５１に圧縮気体を送る等を行うとよい。 In order to remove the contaminated slurry K, it is preferable to operate the vibrator 73, send compressed gas to the liquid storage chamber 51, or the like.
　本実施形態では、濾過容器１１に圧縮気体ＣＡ２を吹き込み、濾過容器１１内の汚濁スラリーＫを濾過容器１１から排出させる排出手段を設けている。この排出手段は、濾過容器１１から洗浄粉粒体Ｆを排出させるための圧縮気体ＣＡ２（排出用圧縮気体）を生成する気体圧縮機と、その圧縮気体ＣＡ２を濾過容器１１へ送るための供給管１７１を有している。なお、上記のコンプレッサ１７３が当該気体圧縮機を兼ねてもよい。この場合は、コンプレッサ１７３による気体の圧縮率を、圧縮気体ＡＲに用いるときと圧縮気体ＣＡ２に用いるときとで替えるとよい。 In this embodiment, a discharge means is provided for blowing compressed gas CA2 into the filtration container 11 to discharge the polluted slurry K in the filtration container 11 from the filtration container 11 . This discharging means includes a gas compressor for generating compressed gas CA2 (compressed gas for discharge) for discharging the cleaning powder F from the filter container 11, and a supply pipe for sending the compressed gas CA2 to the filter container 11. 171. Note that the compressor 173 may also serve as the gas compressor. In this case, the compression rate of the gas by the compressor 173 may be changed between when it is used for the compressed gas AR and when it is used for the compressed gas CA2.
　排出手段は、図１に示すような圧縮気体ＣＡ２を用いるものでなくても良い。例えば、気体圧縮機の代わりに、排出用液体を貯留した貯留槽（図示しない）と、その排出用液体を圧送する圧送ポンプ（図示しない）を設けてもよい。そして、その圧送ポンプを用いて、供給管を介して貯留槽内の排出用液体を濾過容器１１へ送る構成としてもよい。 The discharge means does not have to use the compressed gas CA2 as shown in FIG. For example, instead of the gas compressor, a storage tank (not shown) in which the liquid for discharge is stored and a pumping pump (not shown) for pumping the liquid for discharge may be provided. Then, the pressure-feeding pump may be used to send the discharge liquid in the storage tank to the filtration container 11 through the supply pipe.
　排出手段は特に限定されるものではない。例えば、上記以外の排出手段として、バキュームポンプやエゼクタ等を用いてもよい。 The means of discharge is not particularly limited. For example, a vacuum pump, an ejector, or the like may be used as an ejection means other than the above.
（濾過処理）
　まず廃液Ａの濾過を行う。具体的には、バルブＶ１１又はバルブＶ１２を開けて、ポンプＰ１を起動する。そうすると、廃液Ａが廃液管１４５を流れて、濾過容器１１内に供給される。なお、濾過容器１１内に供給される廃液Ａの流速は、例えば１ｍ／ｓ～３ｍ／ｓ（ＦＬＵＸが１００ＬＭＨ～４００ＬＭＨ）程度とすることが好ましく、１．５ｍ／ｓ～２．５ｍ／ｓ程度にすることがより好ましい。 (Filtration treatment)
First, the waste liquid A is filtered. Specifically, the valve V11 or the valve V12 is opened to start the pump P1. Then, the waste liquid A flows through the waste liquid pipe 145 and is supplied into the filtration container 11 . The flow velocity of the waste liquid A supplied into the filtration container 11 is preferably about 1 m/s to 3 m/s (FLUX is 100 LMH to 400 LMH), and is about 1.5 m/s to 2.5 m/s. is more preferable.
　濾過容器１１内に到達した廃液Ａは濾過フィルタ１２によって濾過される。詳しくは、廃液Ａが濾過フィルタ１２の外側から内側へ向かって流れるが、このとき廃液Ａ中の混濁粒子が濾過フィルタ１２及び洗浄粉粒体からなる層に捕捉される。この濾過によって廃液Ａから混濁粒子が取り除かれた液体は濾過膜１２ｍを通って濾液通路１２ｒへ移動し、濾液Ｂとして、貯液室５１および濾液排出管１５を通って排出口１１Ｂから排出される。排出口１１Ｂから排出された濾液Ｂは、処理液管１４８を通って洗い用水タンク１２０又は濯ぎ用水タンク１１０へ送られる。 The waste liquid A that has reached the filtration container 11 is filtered by the filtration filter 12 . Specifically, the waste liquid A flows from the outside to the inside of the filtration filter 12. At this time, the turbid particles in the waste liquid A are captured by the filtration filter 12 and the layer of washing powder. The liquid from which turbid particles are removed from the waste liquid A by this filtration moves through the filtration membrane 12m to the filtrate passage 12r, and is discharged as the filtrate B from the discharge port 11B through the liquid storage chamber 51 and the filtrate discharge pipe 15. . The filtrate B discharged from the discharge port 11B is sent to the washing water tank 120 or the rinsing water tank 110 through the treatment liquid pipe 148 .
　濾過を行う濾過膜１２ｍでは、廃液Ａ中に混じる固体（混濁粒子）が洗浄粉粒体からなる層及び濾過膜１２ｍの表面１２ｆに付着して堆積し、汚濁スラリーＫが形成される。なお、濾過膜１２ｍの単位面積当たりの通液抵抗は、通液積算量（すなわち、廃液Ａから分離される固形分量）に比例して大きくなる。 In the filtration membrane 12m that performs filtration, the solids (turbidity particles) mixed in the waste liquid A adhere and accumulate on the surface 12f of the layer made of washed powder and the filtration membrane 12m, forming a dirty slurry K. It should be noted that the liquid permeation resistance per unit area of the filtration membrane 12m increases in proportion to the integrated liquid permeation amount (that is, the solid content amount separated from the waste liquid A).
　形成された汚濁スラリーＫは、ある程度の通液性を有しており、濾過フィルタ１２を補助する補助フィルタとして機能するという利点を有するが、汚濁スラリーＫが厚く積層するにつれて通液性が悪くなるという不利益が生じる。すなわち、汚濁スラリーＫが厚くなるにつれて、通液抵抗が比例して大きくなってしまう。そのため、一定量の汚濁スラリーＫが堆積したら、濾過フィルタ１２の通液抵抗を減らして、濾過流量を増やす必要がある。そこで、汚濁スラリーＫの生成量が所定レベルまで増えたとき、すなわち濾過速度が著しく低下したら、濾過工程を終了する。 The polluted slurry K thus formed has a certain degree of liquid permeability, and has the advantage of functioning as an auxiliary filter that assists the filtration filter 12. disadvantage occurs. That is, as the contaminated slurry K becomes thicker, the liquid flow resistance increases proportionally. Therefore, when a certain amount of contaminated slurry K is accumulated, it is necessary to reduce the liquid flow resistance of the filtration filter 12 and increase the filtration flow rate. Therefore, when the amount of polluted slurry K generated has increased to a predetermined level, that is, when the filtration speed has significantly decreased, the filtration process is terminated.
　汚濁スラリーＫの生成量は、廃液Ａの濁度と通水積算量（すなわち、廃液Ａから分離される固形分量）に比例するため、濾過工程を開始してから、濾過フィルタ１２が目詰まりし、洗浄工程を行うというタクトタイムは、汚濁スラリーＫの生成時間で決定する。なお、フィルタ目詰耐圧は、例えば３００ｋＰａである。 Since the amount of the polluted slurry K produced is proportional to the turbidity of the waste liquid A and the integrated amount of water passing (that is, the amount of solid content separated from the waste liquid A), the filtration filter 12 is clogged after the filtration process is started. , the tact time for performing the cleaning process is determined by the generation time of the contaminated slurry K. Note that the filter clogging pressure resistance is, for example, 300 kPa.
　汚濁スラリーＫの生成を原因として濾過処理を停止する際には、例えば、濾過容器１１の廃液Ａの供給口１１Ａの内圧を圧力計（図示しない）で計測するとともに、処理液Ｂの排出口１１Ｂの内圧を圧力計（図示しない）で計測し、その差圧が一定値以上になったときに、濾過工程を終了する構成とすることができる。その他の方法によって濾過処理を停止するか否かを決定してもよい。例えば、流量計（図示しない）によって、単位時間当たりの濾液Ｂの排出量を計測し、その量が一定値を下回った場合に、濾過工程を終了するようにしてもよい。また、濾過工程を開始してから所定時間が経過したか否かで判定したり、汚濁スラリーＫの厚さを計測して、汚濁スラリー厚が約１ｍｍ～２ｍｍになった時点で、汚濁スラリーＫが濾過不可能な状態になったと判定したりしても良い。 When the filtration process is stopped due to the generation of the polluted slurry K, for example, the internal pressure of the supply port 11A of the waste liquid A of the filtration container 11 is measured with a pressure gauge (not shown), and the discharge port 11B of the processing liquid B is measured. The internal pressure is measured by a pressure gauge (not shown), and when the differential pressure reaches or exceeds a certain value, the filtering process can be terminated. Other methods may be used to determine whether to stop the filtering process. For example, a flow meter (not shown) may be used to measure the amount of filtrate B discharged per unit time, and the filtering process may be terminated when the amount drops below a certain value. In addition, it is determined whether or not a predetermined time has passed since the start of the filtration process, or the thickness of the contaminated slurry K is measured, and when the thickness of the contaminated slurry K reaches about 1 mm to 2 mm, the contaminated slurry K may be determined to have become unfilterable.
（濾過手段の洗浄）
　濾過ステップが繰り返されると、濾過手段における濾過容器１１の濾過膜１２ｍの外面（第１室側の面）及び洗浄粉粒体からなる層には、混濁粒子が付着・堆積して濾過速度の低下を招く。そのような場合には、濾過膜１２ｍを洗浄するとよい。濾過膜１２ｍの洗浄は、特に限定されずいつでも行うことができ、例えば洗濯槽１００が稼働している最中でも可能である。洗浄は、次の手順で行うことができ、図７を参照しつつ説明する。ステップ１～６は、廃洗い用水を供給して行う工程であり、ステップ７～１２は、廃濯ぎ用水を供給して行う工程である。 (Washing of filtering means)
When the filtration step is repeated, turbid particles adhere and accumulate on the outer surface (surface on the first chamber side) of the filtration membrane 12m of the filtration container 11 in the filtration means and on the layer composed of the washed powder particles, resulting in a decrease in the filtration speed. invite. In such a case, the filter membrane 12m should be washed. The cleaning of the filtration membrane 12m is not particularly limited and can be performed at any time, for example, while the washing tub 100 is in operation. Cleaning can be performed by the following procedure, which will be described with reference to FIG. Steps 1 to 6 are processes performed by supplying waste washing water, and steps 7 to 12 are processes performed by supplying waste rinsing water.
　濾過手段で濾過している状態から濾過手段の洗浄を始めるものとする。ステップ１は、濾過工程である。ポンプＰ１が起動し、バルブＶ１１が開かれ、その他のバルブが閉じられており、廃液タンク１４０の廃液Ａ（廃洗い用水）が濾過される状態である。濾過を継続すると汚濁スラリーＫが形成され濾過効率が著しく低下したところで、ポンプＰ１、バルブＶ１１を閉じ、ステップ２に移行する。 The cleaning of the filtering means shall be started from the state of filtering by the filtering means. Step 1 is a filtration process. The pump P1 is activated, the valve V11 is opened, the other valves are closed, and the waste liquid A (waste washing water) in the waste liquid tank 140 is filtered. If the filtration is continued, the polluted slurry K is formed and the filtration efficiency is remarkably lowered.
　ステップ２は汚濁スラリーＫを排出する工程である。バルブＶ２０を開けるとともに、振動体７３を起動させる。この振動体７３の稼働はステップ６が終了するまで継続する。この振動体７３の稼働で、濾過膜１２ｍや洗浄粉粒体からなる層、濾過容器１１内の液体が振動し、濾過膜１２ｍや洗浄粉粒体Ｆに付着していた汚濁スラリーＫが剥離して第１室内に落下する。また。濾過膜１２ｍに層を形成していた洗浄粉粒体も濾過膜１２ｍから剥離したり、層形状が崩れてバラバラになって浮遊したりする。汚濁スラリーＫが剥離したらバルブＶ６、バルブＶ２１を開ける。そうすると、汚濁スラリーＫを含む濾過容器１１の液体が排出管１４９から排出されるとともに、濾過容器１１内が気体で充たされる。洗浄粉粒体Ｆはストレーナー５５を透過しないので、第１室のストレーナー５５よりも上部に残る。排出された汚濁スラリーＫを含む液体は、排出口１１Ｃに基端が接続された排出管１４９によって、フィルタ１５０に導かれる。当該液体は、フィルタ１５０によって汚濁スラリーＫが分離され、残分が透過され系外に排出される。汚濁スラリーＫを含む濾過容器１１の液体が排出されたら、バルブＶ６、バルブＶ２１を閉じて、ステップ３に移行する。 Step 2 is the process of discharging the contaminated slurry K. The valve V20 is opened and the vibrator 73 is activated. This operation of the vibrator 73 continues until step 6 ends. The operation of the vibrator 73 vibrates the filtration membrane 12m, the layer composed of the washing powder particles, and the liquid in the filtration container 11, and the dirty slurry K adhering to the filtration membrane 12m and the washing powder particles F is peeled off. and fall into the first chamber. Also. The washing granules forming a layer on the filtration membrane 12m are also peeled off from the filtration membrane 12m, or the layer shape collapses and the particles float. After the contaminated slurry K is separated, the valve V6 and the valve V21 are opened. Then, the liquid in the filter container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged from the discharge pipe 149, and the inside of the filter container 11 is filled with gas. Since the washed granular material F does not pass through the strainer 55, it remains above the strainer 55 in the first chamber. The discharged liquid containing the contaminated slurry K is guided to the filter 150 by the discharge pipe 149 whose proximal end is connected to the discharge port 11C. Contamination slurry K is separated from the liquid by filter 150, and the residue is permeated and discharged out of the system. After the liquid in the filtration vessel 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged, the valves V6 and V21 are closed and the process proceeds to step 3.
　ステップ３は、廃液Ａを濾過容器１１に供給する工程である。ポンプＰ１を起動させ、バルブＶ１１を開く。濾過容器１１は、廃液Ａが供給されるとともにステップ２で濾過容器１１に充填された気体が排出され、最終的に廃液Ａ及びその濾液で充たされる。このとき、廃液Ａの濾過の過程で廃液Ａの流れの中で浮遊する洗浄粉粒体Ｆが濾過膜１２ｍを擦り、濾過膜１２ｍに残存する汚濁スラリーＫを剥離する効果が奏される。濾過容器１１が液体で充たされたら、ポンプＰ１を停止し、バルブＶ１１を閉じて、ステップ４に移行する。 Step 3 is a process of supplying the waste liquid A to the filtration container 11 . Start pump P1 and open valve V11. The filtration container 11 is supplied with the waste liquid A, and the gas filled in the filtration container 11 in step 2 is discharged, and finally filled with the waste liquid A and its filtrate. At this time, the cleaning granules F floating in the flow of the waste liquid A rub against the filtration membrane 12m in the process of filtering the waste liquid A, thereby exerting an effect of peeling off the contaminated slurry K remaining on the filtration membrane 12m. When the filtration container 11 is filled with liquid, stop the pump P1, close the valve V11, and proceed to step 4.
　ステップ４は、ステップ２で濾過容器１１から排出されずに残った汚濁スラリーＫを排出する工程である。まず、バルブＶ６、バルブＶ２１を開ける。そうすると、汚濁スラリーＫを含む濾過容器１１の液体が排出管１４９から排出されるとともに、濾過容器１１内が気体で充たされる。汚濁スラリーＫを含む濾過容器１１の液体が排出されたら、バルブＶ６、バルブＶ２１を閉じて、ステップ５に移行する。 Step 4 is a process of discharging the contaminated slurry K that remained without being discharged from the filtration container 11 in step 2. First, valve V6 and valve V21 are opened. Then, the liquid in the filter container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged from the discharge pipe 149, and the inside of the filter container 11 is filled with gas. After the liquid in the filtration container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged, the valves V6 and V21 are closed and the process proceeds to step 5.
　ステップ５は、廃液Ａを濾過容器１１に供給する工程であり、ステップ３と同様の操作を行うものである。ステップ５（すなわち、ステップ３と同様）の操作を終えたら、ステップ６に移行する。 Step 5 is a step of supplying the waste liquid A to the filtration container 11, and the same operation as in step 3 is performed. After step 5 (that is, the same as step 3) is completed, step 6 is performed.
　ステップ６は、ステップ４で濾過容器１１から排出されずに残った汚濁スラリーＫを排出する工程である。まず、バルブＶ６、バルブＶ２１を開ける。そうすると、汚濁スラリーＫを含む濾過容器１１の液体が排出管１４９から排出されるとともに、濾過容器１１内が気体で充たされる。汚濁スラリーＫを含む濾過容器１１の液体が排出されたら、バルブＶ６、バルブＶ２１を閉じる。その後、バルブＶ２０を閉じるとともに振動体７３を停止し、ステップ７に移行する。 Step 6 is a step of discharging the contaminated slurry K that has not been discharged from the filtration container 11 in step 4. First, valve V6 and valve V21 are opened. Then, the liquid in the filter container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged from the discharge pipe 149, and the inside of the filter container 11 is filled with gas. After the liquid in the filtration container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged, the valves V6 and V21 are closed. After that, the valve V20 is closed and the vibrator 73 is stopped, and the process proceeds to step 7.
　濾過手段で濾過している状態から濾過手段の洗浄を始めるものとする。ステップ７は、濾過工程である。ポンプＰ１が起動し、バルブＶ１２が開かれ、その他のバルブが閉じられており、廃液タンク１４０の廃液Ａ（廃濯ぎ用水）が濾過される状態である。濾過を継続すると汚濁スラリーＫが形成され濾過効率が著しく低下したところで、ポンプＰ１、バルブＶ１２を閉じ、ステップ８に移行する。 The cleaning of the filtering means shall be started from the state of filtering by the filtering means. Step 7 is a filtering step. The pump P1 is activated, the valve V12 is opened, the other valves are closed, and the waste liquid A (waste rinsing water) in the waste liquid tank 140 is filtered. If the filtration is continued, the polluted slurry K is formed and the filtration efficiency is remarkably lowered.
　ステップ８は汚濁スラリーＫを排出する工程である。バルブＶ２０を開けるとともに、振動体７３を起動させる。この振動体７３の稼働はステップ１２が終了するまで継続する。この振動体７３の稼働で、濾過膜１２ｍや洗浄粉粒体からなる層、濾過容器１１内の液体が振動し、濾過膜１２ｍや洗浄粉粒体Ｆに付着していた汚濁スラリーＫが剥離して第１室内に落下する。また。濾過膜１２ｍに層を形成していた洗浄粉粒体も濾過膜１２ｍから剥離したり、層形状が崩れてバラバラになって浮遊したりする。汚濁スラリーＫが剥離したらバルブＶ６、バルブＶ２１を開ける。そうすると、汚濁スラリーＫを含む濾過容器１１の液体が排出管１４９から排出されるとともに、濾過容器１１内が気体で充たされる。洗浄粉粒体Ｆはストレーナー５５を透過しないので、第１室のストレーナー５５よりも上部に残る。排出された汚濁スラリーＫを含む液体は、排出口１１Ｃに基端が接続された排出管１４９によって、フィルタ１５０に導かれる。当該液体は、フィルタ１５０によって汚濁スラリーＫが分離され、残分が透過され系外に排出される。汚濁スラリーＫを含む濾過容器１１の液体が排出されたら、バルブＶ６、バルブＶ２１を閉じて、ステップ９に移行する。 Step 8 is the process of discharging the polluted slurry K. The valve V20 is opened and the vibrator 73 is activated. This operation of the vibrator 73 continues until step 12 ends. The operation of the vibrator 73 vibrates the filtration membrane 12m, the layer composed of the washing powder particles, and the liquid in the filtration container 11, and the dirty slurry K adhering to the filtration membrane 12m and the washing powder particles F is peeled off. and fall into the first chamber. Also. The washing granules forming a layer on the filtration membrane 12m are also peeled off from the filtration membrane 12m, or the layer shape collapses and the particles float. After the contaminated slurry K is separated, the valve V6 and the valve V21 are opened. Then, the liquid in the filter container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged from the discharge pipe 149, and the inside of the filter container 11 is filled with gas. Since the washed granular material F does not pass through the strainer 55, it remains above the strainer 55 in the first chamber. The discharged liquid containing the contaminated slurry K is guided to the filter 150 by the discharge pipe 149 whose proximal end is connected to the discharge port 11C. Contamination slurry K is separated from the liquid by filter 150, and the residue is permeated and discharged out of the system. After the liquid in the filtration container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged, the valves V6 and V21 are closed and the process proceeds to step 9.
　ステップ９は、廃液Ａを濾過容器１１に供給する工程である。ポンプＰ１を起動させ、バルブＶ１２を開く。濾過容器１１は、廃液Ａが供給されるとともにステップ８で濾過容器１１に充填された気体が排出され、最終的に廃液Ａ及びその濾液で充たされる。濾過容器１１が液体で充たされたら、ポンプＰ１を停止し、バルブＶ１２を閉じて、ステップ１０に移行する。 Step 9 is a step of supplying the waste liquid A to the filtration container 11 . Start pump P1 and open valve V12. The filtration container 11 is supplied with the waste liquid A, and at step 8, the gas filled in the filtration container 11 is discharged, and finally filled with the waste liquid A and its filtrate. When the filtration container 11 is filled with liquid, stop the pump P1, close the valve V12, and proceed to step 10.
　ステップ１０は、ステップ８で濾過容器１１から排出されずに残った汚濁スラリーＫを排出する工程である。まず、バルブＶ６、バルブＶ２１を開ける。そうすると、汚濁スラリーＫを含む濾過容器１１の液体が排出管１４９から排出されるとともに、濾過容器１１内が気体で充たされる。汚濁スラリーＫを含む濾過容器１１の液体が排出されたら、バルブＶ６、バルブＶ２１を閉じて、ステップ１１に移行する。 Step 10 is a step of discharging the contaminated slurry K that remained without being discharged from the filtration container 11 in step 8. First, valve V6 and valve V21 are opened. Then, the liquid in the filter container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged from the discharge pipe 149, and the inside of the filter container 11 is filled with gas. After the liquid in the filtration container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged, the valves V6 and V21 are closed and the process proceeds to step 11.
　ステップ１１は、廃液Ａを濾過容器１１に供給する工程であり、ステップ９と同様の操作を行うものである。ステップ１１（すなわち、ステップ９と同様）の操作を終えたら、ステップ１２に移行する。 Step 11 is a step of supplying the waste liquid A to the filtration container 11, and the same operation as in step 9 is performed. After step 11 (that is, the same as step 9) is completed, step 12 is performed.
　ステップ１２は、ステップ１０で濾過容器１１から排出されずに残った汚濁スラリーＫを排出する工程である。まず、バルブＶ６、バルブＶ２１を開ける。そうすると、汚濁スラリーＫを含む濾過容器１１の液体が排出管１４９から排出されるとともに、濾過容器１１内が気体で充たされる。汚濁スラリーＫを含む濾過容器１１の液体が排出されたら、バルブＶ６、バルブＶ２１を閉じる。その後、バルブＶ２０を閉じるとともに振動体７３を停止し、ステップ７に移行する。 Step 12 is a process of discharging the contaminated slurry K that remained without being discharged from the filtration container 11 in step 10 . First, valve V6 and valve V21 are opened. Then, the liquid in the filter container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged from the discharge pipe 149, and the inside of the filter container 11 is filled with gas. After the liquid in the filtration container 11 containing the contaminated slurry K is discharged, the valves V6 and V21 are closed. After that, the valve V20 is closed and the vibrator 73 is stopped, and the process proceeds to step 7.
　ステップ２開始からステップ６終了まではおよそ３分間で行うとよく、ステップ８開始からステップ１２終了までもおよそ３分間で行うとよい。内訳としては、各ステップはおよそ１０～１５秒で行い、残りの時間はステップ間の移行時間である。 From the start of step 2 to the end of step 6 should take about 3 minutes, and from the start of step 8 to the end of step 12 should take about 3 minutes. The breakdown is that each step takes approximately 10-15 seconds and the remaining time is the transition time between steps.
　なお、ステップ４を終了しても濾過容器１１に汚濁スラリーＫが残るようであれば、ステップ５終了後に、ステップ４とステップ５をさらに１～４回程度繰り返し、その後ステップ６を行ってもよい。 If the contaminated slurry K remains in the filtration container 11 even after step 4 is completed, step 4 and step 5 may be repeated one to four times after step 5, and then step 6 may be performed. .
　濾過フィルタ１２が、平坦な濾材を蛇腹状に折り曲げつつ円筒状に形成され、軸芯が上下方向であるプリーツフィルタであり、洗浄粉粒体Ｆの嵩高さが、前記プリーツフィルタの上下方向の高さ以上である形態は好ましい。具体的には、第１室に入れておくべき洗浄粉粒体Ｆの量は、特に限定されないが、例えば、濾過フィルタ１２の高さと同じか、それよりも若干高くなる程度の嵩高さとすることができる。具体的には、第１室に備わる濾過フィルタ１２の高さを１００とすると、第１室に備わる洗浄粉粒体の嵩高さが１００～１２０であるとよい。当該嵩高さが１００を下回ると、洗浄粉粒体が濾過膜１２ｍの外面に付着しない部分が生じてしまい、当該部分に汚濁スラリーＫが直接付着・成長してしまい、濾過効率の低下を招く。また、当該部分において洗浄粉粒体Ｆが濾過膜１２ｍを擦りつつ洗浄する効果が奏されない。他方当該嵩高さが１２０を上回ると、第１室内の洗浄粉粒体Ｆが密となり、振動体７３の振動が濾過膜１２ｍや洗浄粉粒体Ｆに伝わりにくく、また洗浄粉粒体Ｆの流動性が悪く、濾過手段の洗浄効率が低下する。 The filtration filter 12 is a pleated filter which is formed in a cylindrical shape by bending a flat filter material into a bellows shape, and whose axis is in the vertical direction. Forms that are greater than or equal to are preferred. Specifically, the amount of the washing granular material F to be stored in the first chamber is not particularly limited, but for example, it should be as bulky as the height of the filtration filter 12 or slightly higher. can be done. Specifically, if the height of the filtration filter 12 provided in the first chamber is 100, the bulk of the cleaning powder provided in the first chamber is preferably 100 to 120. If the bulkiness is less than 100, there will be a portion where the washing powder particles do not adhere to the outer surface of the filtration membrane 12m, and the contaminated slurry K will directly adhere and grow on that portion, resulting in a decrease in filtration efficiency. In addition, the effect of cleaning the filter membrane 12m while the cleaning powder particles F rub against the filter membrane 12m is not exhibited. On the other hand, if the bulkiness exceeds 120, the washing powder particles F in the first chamber will be dense, and the vibration of the vibrating body 73 will not easily be transmitted to the filtration membrane 12m and the washing powder particles F, and the washing powder particles F will not flow. The cleaning efficiency of the filtering means is lowered.
　以上の、ステップ１～ステップ１２の終了後は、濾過処理を再開することができる。そして、濾過処理により汚濁スラリーＫが堆積してきたらまた濾過手段の洗浄を行うとよい。 After completing steps 1 to 12, the filtering process can be restarted. Then, when the polluted slurry K is accumulated by the filtering process, it is preferable to wash the filtering means again.
　濾過手段の洗浄におけるステップ１～ステップ１２の手順は、手動により行うことはもちろんのこと、これらのステップで用いられるポンプ及び各バルブの開始及び停止の動作を制御装置１７４で管理する自動運転を行うこともできる。制御装置１７４に備わる演算装置にこれらのステップごとの動作命令を予めプログラムしておき、汚濁スラリーＫの層厚や濾過速度を計測して所定値になった段階でステップ１から洗浄が開始されるよう設計しておくことができる。 The procedures of steps 1 to 12 in cleaning the filtering means are not only manually performed, but also automatically operated in which the control device 174 manages the start and stop operations of the pumps and each valve used in these steps. can also Operation commands for each of these steps are programmed in advance in an arithmetic device provided in the control device 174, and the layer thickness and filtration speed of the polluted slurry K are measured, and when they reach predetermined values, cleaning is started from step 1. It can be designed in such a way.
　洗浄粉粒体からなる層の形成について詳述すると、まず洗浄粉粒体Ｆは濾過フィルタ１２を通過できずに濾過フィルタ１２の外面（濾過フィルタ１２に汚濁スラリーＫが形成された箇所ではその汚濁スラリーＫの外面。以下同じ）に積層される。最初は濾過フィルタ１２の外面に薄く積層されるだけであるが、次第にその積層量が増えて、洗浄粉粒体Ｆが濾過膜１２ｍの隣接する襞２、２の間隙２ｎにも入り込んだ状態になり、この間隙２ｎが多数の洗浄粉粒体Ｆで満ちた状態（埋まった状態）になる。すなわち、濾過膜１２ｍの外面を覆うように形成された汚濁スラリーＫと間隙２ｎに入り込んだ多数の洗浄粉粒体Ｆが接触した状態になっている。 In detail, the formation of the layer composed of the washed granules will be described. It is laminated on the outer surface of the slurry K (same below). At first, it is only thinly laminated on the outer surface of the filtration filter 12, but the amount of lamination gradually increases, and the washing powder F enters the gap 2n between the adjacent folds 2, 2 of the filtration membrane 12m. , and the gap 2n is filled (buried) with a large number of cleaning powders F. As shown in FIG. That is, the polluted slurry K formed so as to cover the outer surface of the filtration membrane 12m is in contact with a large number of cleaning granular materials F that have entered the gap 2n.
　このような状態で、振動体７３のピストンバイブレーターを用いて濾過膜１２ｍを振動させると、濾過膜１２ｍの表面（外面）に形成された汚濁スラリーＫと洗浄粉粒体Ｆが互いに擦れ合って（濾過膜１２ｍの表面（外面）に汚濁スラリーＫが形成されていない箇所では濾過膜１２ｍと洗浄粉粒体Ｆが互いに擦れ合う）、その摩擦の作用によって濾過膜１２ｍの外面に形成された汚濁スラリーＫが剥がれ落ちる。前記ピストンバイブレーターの種類や性能は特に限定されるものではないが、例えばエアが０．６ＭＰａ、５４Ｌ／ｍｉｎの時に、振動周波数９４Ｈｚ、起振力２６５Ｎのものを用いることが好ましい。 In such a state, when the filtration membrane 12m is vibrated using the piston vibrator of the vibrating body 73, the contaminated slurry K and the cleaning powder F formed on the surface (outer surface) of the filtration membrane 12m rub against each other ( The filtration membrane 12m and the cleaning powder F rub against each other in places where the dirty slurry K is not formed on the surface (outer surface) of the filtration membrane 12m, and the dirty slurry K formed on the outer surface of the filtration membrane 12m by the action of the friction. peels off. Although the type and performance of the piston vibrator are not particularly limited, it is preferable to use a piston vibrator with a vibration frequency of 94 Hz and an excitation force of 265 N, for example, when air is 0.6 MPa and 54 L/min.
　濾過膜１２ｍから洗浄粉粒体Ｆを剥離した後は、洗浄粉粒体Ｆや剥離した汚濁スラリーＫの破片等を濾過容器１１から排出して、新たに濾過処理を開始できるようにする。 After the cleaning granular material F is separated from the filtration membrane 12m, the cleaning granular material F and the separated fragments of the polluted slurry K are discharged from the filtration container 11 so that a new filtration process can be started.
（縦型脱水乾燥装置と横型脱水乾燥装置）
　上記の説明では、濾過フィルタ１２の軸心が縦になる縦型濾過装置について説明したが、濾過フィルタ１２の軸心が横になる横型濾過装置であっても良い。 (Vertical dehydration and drying equipment and horizontal dehydration and drying equipment)
In the above description, a vertical filtering device in which the axis of the filter 12 is vertical has been described, but a horizontal filtering device in which the axis of the filter 12 is horizontal may also be used.
（濾過手段）
　この濾過手段及は、使い捨ての濾過フィルタを用いるものではないため、濾過フィルタ１２を交換する際に生じやすいトラブルの発生を抑制することができる。また、濾過フィルタ１２の洗浄のタイミングをプログラムしておくことによって洗浄を自動化できるものであるため、運転に人手が必要でなく、無人で連続運転することができる。そのため、システムの運転に特別な専門知識が不要であり、誰でも簡単に操作することができる。また、廃液Ａの濁度の高低に関わらず、安定して清浄な水を造り出すことが可能である。また、濾過フィルタ１２に洗浄水を吹き付けるタイプではないため、洗浄時に濾過フィルタ１２が痛みづらく、濾過フィルタ１２を長持ちさせることができる。さらに、使い捨てタイプの濾過フィルタ１２を用いるものではなく、かつ、洗浄時に、濾過フィルタ１２を回転させたり、洗浄水を吹付けたりするものでもなく、様々な動力を抑制できるため、ランニングコストが安い。さらに、濾過フィルタ１２の回転機構等を設ける必要がないため、装置全体を簡略化することができ、製造コストを下げることができるとともに、軽量にすることができ、持ち運びが容易となる。 (filtering means)
Since this filtering means does not use a disposable filtering filter, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of troubles that are likely to occur when the filtering filter 12 is replaced. Further, since cleaning can be automated by programming the cleaning timing of the filtration filter 12, manual operation is not required, and unmanned continuous operation is possible. Therefore, no special expertise is required to operate the system, and anyone can easily operate it. Moreover, regardless of the turbidity of the waste liquid A, it is possible to stably produce clean water. Moreover, since it is not a type in which washing water is sprayed on the filtration filter 12, the filtration filter 12 is less likely to be damaged during washing, and the filtration filter 12 can be extended for a long time. Furthermore, since the filter 12 of the disposable type is not used, and the filter 12 is not rotated or sprayed with washing water during washing, various powers can be suppressed, so the running cost is low. . Furthermore, since there is no need to provide a rotation mechanism or the like for the filtration filter 12, the entire device can be simplified, the manufacturing cost can be reduced, the weight can be reduced, and the portability can be facilitated.
（洗濯方法）
　本実施形態の洗濯方法は一例として、主に洗濯槽１００に洗い用水を供給する洗い用水供給ステップと、前記洗濯槽に濯ぎ用水を供給する濯ぎ用水供給ステップと、前記洗濯槽から排出される洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水を濾過する濾過ステップとを備え、洗い用水が前記洗い用水供給ステップと前記濾過ステップに循環して用いられ、濯ぎ用水が前記洗い用水供給ステップと前記濾過ステップに循環して用いられることを特徴とする。以下、具体的な工程を図１を参照しつつ説明する。説明のため、すべてのバルブが閉じられている状態で洗濯を開始することとする。 (Washing method)
As an example, the washing method of the present embodiment mainly includes a washing water supply step of supplying washing water to the washing tub 100, a rinsing water supply step of supplying rinsing water to the washing tub, and a washing water discharged from the washing tub. a filtering step for filtering the service water and the rinsing water, the washing water being circulated and used in the washing water supplying step and the filtering step, and the rinsing water being circulated and used in the washing water supplying step and the filtering step. It is characterized by Specific steps will be described below with reference to FIG. For the sake of explanation, we will start washing with all the valves closed.
（洗い用水供給ステップ）
　洗い用水供給ステップは、洗い処理で使用される洗い用水を洗濯槽１００に供給するものである。洗濯槽１００に供給される洗い用水の液量は、洗濯槽１００が縦型の槽であるかドラム型の槽であるかで異なり、また洗濯槽１００が大型であるか小型であるかによっても異なり、さらには被洗濯物の量によっても異なるので一概にはいえないが、洗濯槽１００が縦型の槽であれば２０～５０Ｌ、ドラム型の槽であれは８０～１５０Ｌとなる。また、洗濯槽１００が洗い処理を行う槽と濯ぎ処理を行う槽と脱水処理を行う槽を有する、いわゆる連続式洗濯機であっても、本態様の洗濯方法を適用することができる。具体的には被洗濯物が洗い処理を行う槽に投入された状態で洗い用水供給ステップによって洗い用水が当該洗い処理を行う槽に供給され、洗い処理が行われる。次いで被洗濯物が濯ぎ処理を行う槽に移され、濯ぎ用水供給ステップによって濯ぎ用水が当該濯ぎ処理を行う槽に供給され、濯ぎ処理が行われる。次いで被洗濯物が脱水処理を行う槽に移され、脱水処理が行われる。 (Washing water supply step)
The washing water supplying step supplies the washing water used in the washing process to the washing tub 100 . The amount of washing water supplied to the washing tub 100 differs depending on whether the washing tub 100 is a vertical tub or a drum tub, and also depends on whether the washing tub 100 is large or small. It is different and depends on the amount of laundry to be washed, so it cannot be generalized. Further, the washing method of this aspect can be applied to a so-called continuous washing machine in which the washing tub 100 has a tub for washing, a tub for rinsing, and a tub for dehydration. Specifically, the washing water is supplied to the washing tank by the washing water supply step in a state in which the laundry is placed in the washing tank, and the washing process is performed. Next, the article to be washed is moved to a tub for rinsing treatment, and rinsing water is supplied to the tub for rinsing treatment by the rinsing water supplying step to perform rinsing treatment. Next, the laundry to be washed is transferred to a tub for dehydration treatment, and dehydration treatment is performed.
　洗い用水供給ステップは、洗濯槽１００に濯ぎ用水を供給するものであり、洗濯槽１００に濯ぎ用水がないときに行うと濯ぎ用水と混ざることがなく好ましい。洗濯槽１００に濯ぎ用水がないときとは、特に限定されないが、例えば濯ぎ用水が廃液管１４５や処理液管１４８、廃液タンク１４０、濾過手段、濯ぎ用水タンク１１０にあるときを挙げることができる。 The washing water supply step supplies rinsing water to the washing tub 100, and is preferably performed when there is no rinsing water in the washing tub 100 because it does not mix with the rinsing water. When there is no rinsing water in the washing tub 100, there is no particular limitation, but examples include when there is rinsing water in the waste liquid pipe 145, the treatment liquid pipe 148, the waste liquid tank 140, the filtering means, and the rinsing water tank 110.
（洗い処理）
　洗い処理（濯ぎ処理及び脱水処理においても）は、ドラム型の槽であれば洗濯槽１００を、当該洗濯槽１００の軸芯を中心に回転させるモーター等によって回転することによりなされ、縦型の槽であれば洗濯槽１００の底部に備わる回転ばねがモーターにより回転することによってなされる。洗い処理は、１０～１５分間行われた後、バルブＶ５が開かれ、洗濯槽排出口から洗い用水が、廃液管１２８に排出されて終了する。排出された洗い用水は、後段に設けられる濾過手段に供給されるが、ストレーナー１３０及び廃液タンク１４０が設けられている場合は、当該ストレーナー１３０及び廃液タンク１４０を通過して、濾過手段に供給される。 (washing process)
The washing process (also in the rinsing process and the dewatering process) is performed by rotating the washing tank 100 if it is a drum type tank by a motor or the like that rotates around the axis of the washing tank 100, and a vertical tank. If so, the rotating spring provided at the bottom of the washing tub 100 is rotated by a motor. After the washing process is performed for 10 to 15 minutes, the valve V5 is opened, and the washing water is discharged from the washing tub discharge port to the waste liquid pipe 128, and ends. The discharged washing water is supplied to the filtering means provided in the latter stage, but when the strainer 130 and the waste liquid tank 140 are provided, it passes through the strainer 130 and the waste liquid tank 140 and is supplied to the filtering means. be.
　ストレーナー１３０を通過して廃液タンク１４０に貯留された廃液Ａ（廃洗い用水）は、廃液タンク排出口の弁を開き、バルブＶ１２は閉じたままとし、バルブＶ１１を開き、ポンプＰ１を起動させることで濾過手段に供給される。 The waste liquid A (waste washing water) passed through the strainer 130 and stored in the waste liquid tank 140 opens the valve of the waste liquid tank outlet, keeps the valve V12 closed, opens the valve V11, and starts the pump P1. is supplied to the filtering means.
（濾過ステップ）
　濾過ステップでは、濾過容器１１の廃液供給口１１Ａから第１室内に供給された廃液Ａは、濾過フィルタ１２を透過し、処理液Ｂとして第２室に流れ込み、濾液排出管１５から処理液管１４８へ排出される。 (filtration step)
In the filtration step, the waste liquid A supplied into the first chamber from the waste liquid supply port 11A of the filtration container 11 permeates the filtration filter 12, flows into the second chamber as the processing liquid B, and is discharged from the filtrate discharge pipe 15 to the processing liquid pipe 148. is discharged to
　処理液Ｂは、処理液管１４８の先端部１０２から洗い用水タンク１２０に供給される。処理液Ｂが先端部１０２から流れ出なくなったら、ポンプＰ１を停止し、開けていたバルブをすべて閉じる。その後、新たな被洗濯物を洗うときに、排出管１２９に備わるバルブ１３を開けて、洗い用水を洗い用水タンク１２０から排出管１２９を通過させて洗濯槽１００に供給する。洗い用水を所望量、排出したタイミングでバルブＶ１３を閉じる。 The treatment liquid B is supplied from the tip 102 of the treatment liquid pipe 148 to the washing water tank 120 . When the treatment liquid B stops flowing out of the tip portion 102, the pump P1 is stopped and all open valves are closed. After that, when washing new laundry, the valve 13 provided in the discharge pipe 129 is opened to supply washing water from the washing water tank 120 through the discharge pipe 129 to the washing tub 100 . The valve V13 is closed when the desired amount of washing water is discharged.
　以上のステップにより、洗い用水が洗い用水供給ステップと濾過ステップに循環して用いられることになる。 Through the above steps, the washing water is circulated and used in the washing water supply step and the filtering step.
（濯ぎ用水供給ステップ）
　濯ぎ用水供給ステップは、洗濯槽１００に濯ぎ用水を供給するものであり、洗濯槽１００に洗い用水がないときに行うと洗い用水と混ざることがなく好ましい。洗濯槽１００に洗い用水がないときとは、特に限定されないが、例えば洗い用水が廃液管１４５や処理液管１４８、廃液タンク１４０、濾過手段、洗い用水タンク１２０にあるときを挙げることができる。 (rinsing water supply step)
The rinsing water supplying step supplies rinsing water to the washing tub 100, and is preferably performed when there is no washing water in the washing tub 100 because the rinsing water does not mix with the washing water. When there is no washing water in the washing tub 100, there is no particular limitation, but examples include when there is washing water in the waste liquid pipe 145, the treatment liquid pipe 148, the waste liquid tank 140, the filtration means, and the washing water tank 120.
　洗濯槽１００に供給される濯ぎ用水の液量は、洗濯槽１００が縦型の槽であるかドラム型の槽であるかで異なり、また洗濯槽１００が大型であるか小型であるかによっても異なり、さらには被洗濯物の量によっても異なるので一概にはいえないが、洗濯槽１００が縦型の槽であれば２０～５０Ｌ、ドラム型の槽であれは８０～１５０Ｌとなる。 The amount of rinsing water supplied to the washing tub 100 differs depending on whether the washing tub 100 is a vertical tub or a drum tub, and whether the washing tub 100 is large or small. It is different, and it depends on the amount of laundry to be washed.
（濯ぎ処理）
　濯ぎ処理は、洗い処理終了後に被洗濯物に対して行われ、１５～２０分間行われた後、バルブＶ５が開かれ、洗濯槽排出口から濯ぎ用水が、廃液管１２８に排出されて終了する。排出された濯ぎ用水は、後段に設けられる濾過手段に供給されるが、ストレーナー１３０及び廃液タンク１４０が設けられている場合は、当該ストレーナー１３０及び廃液タンク１４０を通過して、濾過手段に供給される。 (rinsing treatment)
The rinsing process is performed on the laundry to be washed after the washing process is completed, and after 15 to 20 minutes, the valve V5 is opened, and the rinsing water is discharged from the washing tub outlet to the waste liquid pipe 128 and ends. . The discharged rinsing water is supplied to the filtering means provided in the latter stage, but when the strainer 130 and the waste liquid tank 140 are provided, it passes through the strainer 130 and the waste liquid tank 140 and is supplied to the filtering means. be.
　ストレーナー１３０を通過して廃液タンク１４０に貯留された廃液Ａ（廃濯ぎ用水）は、廃液タンク排出口の弁を開き、バルブＶ１１は閉じたままとし、バルブＶ１２を開き、ポンプＰ１を起動させることで濾過手段に供給される。 The waste liquid A (waste rinsing water) passed through the strainer 130 and stored in the waste liquid tank 140 opens the valve of the waste liquid tank outlet, keeps the valve V11 closed, opens the valve V12, and starts the pump P1. is supplied to the filtering means.
（濾過ステップ）
　濾過ステップでは、濾過容器１１の廃液供給口１１Ａから第１室内に供給された廃液Ａは、濾過フィルタ１２を透過し、処理液Ｂとして第２室に流れ込み、濾液排出管１５から処理液管１４８へ排出される。 (filtration step)
In the filtration step, the waste liquid A supplied into the first chamber from the waste liquid supply port 11A of the filtration container 11 permeates the filtration filter 12, flows into the second chamber as the processing liquid B, and is discharged from the filtrate discharge pipe 15 to the processing liquid pipe 148. is discharged to
　処理液Ｂは、処理液管１４８の先端部１０３から濯ぎ用水タンク１１０に供給される。処理液Ｂが先端部１０３から流れ出なくなったら、ポンプＰ１を停止し、開けていたバルブをすべて閉じる。その後、新たな被洗濯物を濯ぐときに、排出管１１９に備わるバルブ１４を開けて、濯ぎ用水を濯ぎ用水タンク１１０から排出管１１９を通過させて洗濯槽１００に供給する。濯ぎ用水を所望量、排出したタイミングでバルブＶ１４を閉じる。 The treatment liquid B is supplied from the tip 103 of the treatment liquid pipe 148 to the rinsing water tank 110 . When the treatment liquid B stops flowing out of the tip portion 103, the pump P1 is stopped and all open valves are closed. After that, when rinsing new laundry, the valve 14 provided in the discharge pipe 119 is opened to supply rinsing water from the rinsing water tank 110 through the discharge pipe 119 to the washing tub 100 . The valve V14 is closed when the desired amount of rinsing water is discharged.
　以上のステップにより、濯ぎ用水が濯ぎ用水供給ステップと濾過ステップに循環して用いられることになる。 Through the above steps, the rinsing water is circulated and used in the rinsing water supply step and the filtration step.
　脱水処理は、ドラム型の槽であれば洗濯槽１００を、当該洗濯槽１００の軸芯を中心に回転させるモーター等によって回転することによりなされ、縦型の槽であれば洗濯槽１００の底部に備わる回転ばねがモーターにより回転することによってなされる。脱水処理は、洗濯槽１００から濯ぎ用水が排出された後に行うとよい。脱水処理により発生した脱水液は、洗濯槽１００から排出された後、濾過手段を経て濯ぎ用水に混入させるとよい。脱水処理は例えば、１２０～２４０秒行うとよく、脱水処理後は、脱水処理された被洗濯物を洗濯槽１００から取り出し、当該被洗濯物に対する洗濯工程が終了する。なお、洗濯工程とは、洗い処理、濯ぎ処理、脱水処理を含むものをいう。 The dehydration process is performed by rotating the washing tub 100 with a motor or the like that rotates the washing tub 100 around the axis of the washing tub 100 if it is a drum type tub, and if it is a vertical tub, the bottom of the washing tub 100 This is done by rotating a provided rotary spring with a motor. The dehydration process is preferably performed after the rinsing water is discharged from the washing tub 100 . It is preferable that the dehydrated liquid generated by the dehydration process is discharged from the washing tub 100 and mixed with the rinsing water through the filtering means. The dehydration process is preferably performed for 120 to 240 seconds, for example, and after the dehydration process, the dehydrated laundry is taken out from the washing tub 100, and the washing process for the laundry is completed. Note that the washing process includes washing treatment, rinsing treatment, and dehydration treatment.
　洗い用水は、洗剤が溶解された水又はアルカリ水とすることができる。洗剤としては、市販される各種の洗濯用洗剤を用いることができる。アルカリ水は、アルカリ性である水であれば特に限定されないが、例えばｐＨ９～１１であると好ましく、ｐＨ９．５～１０．５であるとより好ましい。アルカリ水のｐＨが９より小さいと洗浄効果が期待できず、ｐＨが１１より大きいと取扱いに多くの危険が伴うおそれがある。 The washing water can be water in which detergent is dissolved or alkaline water. As the detergent, various commercially available laundry detergents can be used. Alkaline water is not particularly limited as long as it is alkaline water. For example, pH 9 to 11 is preferable, and pH 9.5 to 10.5 is more preferable. If the pH of the alkaline water is less than 9, no cleaning effect can be expected, and if the pH is greater than 11, there is a danger that handling may be very dangerous.
　アルカリ水は、アルカリ性である水であれば特に限定されずに用いることができるが、例えば、炭酸カリウムからなる電解補助剤を水に溶かしたものをアルカリ水として使用することができる。図示しないが洗い用水タンク１２０に電解補助剤が供給される電解補助剤の供給手段を設けるとよい。電解補助剤の供給手段については、特開２０１７－７７４６５号公報に記載される、アルカリイオン水生成媒体による供給手法や公知の手法が例示することができる。 Alkaline water can be used without any particular limitation as long as it is alkaline water. For example, alkaline water in which an electrolysis aid made of potassium carbonate is dissolved in water can be used. Although not shown, it is preferable to provide an electrolytic auxiliary supply means for supplying the electrolytic auxiliary to the washing water tank 120 . Examples of means for supplying the electrolysis auxiliary include a supply method using an alkaline ionized water generating medium described in JP-A-2017-77465 and a known method.
　洗い用水をアルカリ水とした場合は、アルカリ水自体が除菌作用に優れるので好ましい。また、衣服等の汚れは酸性である場合が多く、アルカリ水によって洗うことで、酸性系の汚れに非常に効果的である。特にｐＨ１２以上のアルカリ水であれば、油汚れやタバコのヤニも分解洗浄でき好ましい。 When alkaline water is used as the washing water, it is preferable because the alkaline water itself has excellent sterilizing action. Further, stains such as clothes are often acidic, and washing with alkaline water is very effective for removing acidic stains. In particular, alkaline water with a pH of 12 or more is preferable because it can decompose and wash oil stains and cigarette tar.
　アルカリ水は、合成界面活性剤が含まれないので、泡立つことなく、その後の濯ぎ処理を容易に行うことができる。このため、洗濯全体に要する時間も大幅に少なくて済むことになる。またアルカリ水による除菌効果によって菌が除去され、消臭効果もある。 Alkaline water does not contain synthetic surfactants, so it does not foam and can be easily rinsed afterwards. For this reason, the time required for the entire washing can be greatly reduced. In addition, bacteria are removed by the sterilization effect of alkaline water, and there is also a deodorizing effect.
　洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水は温度に関しては特に限定されず、常温で用いることができる。しかしながら、例えば、４０～６０℃の温水であってもよい。温水であれば洗浄力が上がるので被洗濯物がより洗浄されたものとなる。 The temperature of the washing water and rinsing water is not particularly limited, and can be used at room temperature. However, it may also be hot water of, for example, 40-60°C. Hot water enhances detergency, so that the laundry is more washed.
（複数の洗濯槽を有する実施形態）
　以上に示した実施形態を基本としつつ、前記洗濯槽が複数備わり、前記洗い用水が、前記複数の洗濯槽の少なくとも１つ以上と前記濾過手段を循環するものであり、前記濯ぎ用水が、前記複数の洗濯槽の少なくとも１つ以上と前記濾過手段を循環するものである実施形態も好ましい。洗濯槽の台数は特に限定されないが例えば、２～６台とすることができる。図９には洗濯槽が３つ備わり、廃液タンクが廃洗い用水を受ける廃液タンク１４０と、廃濯ぎ用水を受ける廃液タンク１４１が備わる一実施形態が示される。具体的に説明すると、洗い用水タンク排出口に基端が接続された排出管１７９は、先端が三股に分かれ第１先端が洗濯槽９９に、第２先端が洗濯槽１００に、第３先端が洗濯槽１０１にそれぞれ接続される。第１先端にはバルブＶ３ａが、第２先端にはバルブＶ３ｂが、第３先端にはバルブＶ３ｃがそれぞれ備わる。濯ぎ用水タンク排出口に基端が接続された排出管１６９は、先端が三股に分かれ第１先端が洗濯槽９９に、第２先端が洗濯槽１００に、第３先端が洗濯槽１０１にそれぞれ接続される。第１先端にはバルブＶ４ａが、第２先端にはバルブＶ４ｂが、第３先端にはバルブＶ４ｃがそれぞれ備わる。洗濯槽９９，１００，１０１それぞれの排出口には、廃液管それぞれの基端が接続されており、それぞれの先端は１つの廃液管１７８に合流して、例えば、ストレーナー１３０に接続される構成にすることができる。そして、それぞれの基端にはバルブＶ５ａ、バルブＶ５ｂ、バルブＶ５ｃが設けられている。ストレーナー１３０の排出側には、廃液管１３９が備わり、先端が２股に分岐し、第１先端が廃液タンク１４０、第２先端が廃液タンク１４１に接続されている。当該第１先端にはバルブＶ７ａが、当該第２先端にはバルブＶ７ｂがそれぞれ備わる。また、廃液タンク１４０の排出部から延びる廃液管にはバルブＶ７ａが、廃液タンク１４１の排出部から延びる廃液管にはバルブＶ７ｂがそれぞれ設けられ、両廃液管は下流側で廃液管１４５に合流する。 (Embodiment with multiple washing tubs)
Based on the embodiment described above, a plurality of washing tubs are provided, the washing water circulates through at least one of the plurality of washing tubs and the filtering means, and the rinsing water is Embodiments in which at least one or more of a plurality of washing tubs and said filtering means are circulated are also preferred. Although the number of washing tubs is not particularly limited, it can be, for example, 2 to 6 units. FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which three washing tubs are provided and the waste tank is provided with a waste tank 140 for receiving waste washing water and a waste tank 141 for receiving waste rinsing water. More specifically, the discharge pipe 179, whose base end is connected to the washing water tank discharge port, has a three-pronged tip, a first tip for the washing tub 99, a second tip for the washing tub 100, and a third tip. They are connected to the washing tub 101 respectively. The first tip is provided with a valve V3a, the second tip is provided with a valve V3b, and the third tip is provided with a valve V3c. The discharge pipe 169 whose base end is connected to the rinsing water tank discharge port is divided into three ends, the first end being connected to the washing tub 99, the second end being connected to the washing tub 100, and the third end being connected to the washing tub 101. be done. The first tip is provided with a valve V4a, the second tip is provided with a valve V4b, and the third tip is provided with a valve V4c. The base ends of the waste liquid pipes are connected to the discharge ports of the washing tubs 99, 100, and 101, respectively, and the respective distal ends join one waste liquid pipe 178 and are connected to, for example, the strainer 130. can do. A valve V5a, a valve V5b, and a valve V5c are provided at the proximal end of each. A waste liquid pipe 139 is provided on the discharge side of the strainer 130 , and the tip thereof is branched into two branches. The first tip is provided with a valve V7a, and the second tip is provided with a valve V7b. A valve V7a is provided in the waste liquid pipe extending from the discharge portion of the waste liquid tank 140, and a valve V7b is provided in the waste liquid pipe extending from the discharge portion of the waste liquid tank 141. Both waste liquid pipes join the waste liquid pipe 145 on the downstream side. .
　この実施形態の場合、洗い用水タンク１２０、濯ぎ用水タンク１１０、廃液タンク１４０の各々の容積は、洗濯槽１台につき用いられる水量を１水量単位とすると、洗濯槽の台数分の水量単位を少なくとも貯留できる容積であると好ましい。例えば、洗濯槽の台数が３つであれば、洗い用水タンク１２０、濯ぎ用水タンク１１０、廃液タンク１４０の各々の容積は、少なくとも３水量単位分あればよい。 In this embodiment, the volume of each of the washing water tank 120, the rinsing water tank 110, and the waste liquid tank 140 is at least equal to the number of washing tubs, assuming that the amount of water used per washing tub is 1 water volume unit. A volume that can be stored is preferable. For example, if the number of washing tubs is three, the volume of each of the washing water tank 120, the rinsing water tank 110, and the waste liquid tank 140 should be at least three units of water.
１…濾過システム、２…襞、２ｂ…襞の基端部、２ｎ…襞と襞の間の間隙、２ｐ…襞の先端部、２ｗ…（濾過膜の）膜厚、３…他の濾過装置（例：ＲＯ膜濾過装置）、５Ａ…洗浄粉粒体供給口、５Ｂ…洗浄粉粒体排出口、７…（廃液）貯留槽、８…ポンプ（処理液排出ポンプ）、９…異物除去装置（例：ストレーナ）、１０…濾過装置、１１…濾過容器、１１Ａ…廃液供給口、１１Ｂ…処理液排出口（濾液排出口）、１１Ｃ…汚濁スラリー排出口、１２…濾過フィルタ、１２ｂ…濾過膜の裏面（濾過膜の内面）、１２ｆ…濾過膜の表面（濾過膜の外面）、１２ｍ…濾過膜、１２ｒ…濾液通路、１２ｓ…筒状体、１２ｔ…濾過膜の上端、１２ｕ…濾過膜の下端、１３…（廃液の）供給管、１４ａ…上側濾過膜シール部、１４ｂ…下側濾過膜シール部、１５…濾液排出管、１６…排出管、１６ａ…（他の濾過装置への）排出管、１６ｂ…（洗浄粉粒体貯留槽への）排出管、１６ｃ…（生活用水（飲料水を除く）を得るための）排出管、１８…洗浄容器、２１ｄ…濾過膜底面、２９…フィルタ支持体、５０…間隙、５０ｓ…側方間隙、５０ｕ…下方間隙、５１…貯液室、７０…濾過膜洗浄装置、７１…気体排気管、７２…気体供給管、７３…振動体、８６…隔離壁、８８…遮断壁（例：シリコンスポンジ）、８８ｂ…遮断壁の外周壁（外側側壁）、８８ｃ…遮断壁の貫通孔、１００…洗濯槽、１４０…廃液タンク、１２０…洗い用水、１１０…濯ぎ用水、Ａ…廃液、ＡＲ…気体、Ｂ…処理液（濾液）、ＣＡ１…圧縮気体、ＣＡ２…圧縮気体、Ｆ…洗浄粉粒体、Ｋ…汚濁スラリー、Ｎ…濾過容器１１の側方内壁から濾過膜１２ｍまでの距離、Ｐ…ポンプ、Ｌ１…襞の先端部と襞の先端部の間の長さ、Ｌ２…襞の基端部と襞の先端部の間の長さ、ＣＤ…周方向、ＬＤ…高さ方向、ＵＳ…（高さ方向の）上側、ＤＳ…（高さ方向の）下側、ＧＳ…襞の延在方向、ＨＳ…先端側、ＢＳ…基端側 1... Filtration system, 2... Folds, 2b... Base ends of folds, 2n... Gap between folds, 2p... Tips of folds, 2w... Film thickness (of filter membrane), 3... Other filtration devices (Example: RO membrane filtration device), 5A... cleaning powder supply port, 5B... cleaning powder/granule discharge port, 7... (waste liquid) storage tank, 8... pump (processing liquid discharge pump), 9... foreign substance removal device (Example: strainer), 10... Filtration device, 11... Filtration container, 11A... Waste liquid supply port, 11B... Treated liquid outlet (filtrate outlet), 11C... Polluted slurry outlet, 12... Filtration filter, 12b... Filtration membrane back surface (inner surface of the filtration membrane), 12f ... surface of the filtration membrane (outer surface of the filtration membrane), 12m ... filtration membrane, 12r ... filtrate passage, 12s ... cylindrical body, 12t ... upper end of the filtration membrane, 12u ... of the filtration membrane Lower end 13... Supply pipe (for waste liquid) 14a... Upper filter membrane seal portion 14b... Lower filter membrane seal portion 15... Filtrate discharge pipe 16... Discharge pipe 16a... Discharge (to other filtration device) Pipe, 16b... Discharge pipe (to wash granular material storage tank), 16c... Discharge pipe (for obtaining domestic water (excluding drinking water)), 18... Washing container, 21d... Filter membrane bottom surface, 29... Filter Support body 50 Gap 50s Side gap 50u Lower gap 51 Liquid storage chamber 70 Filtration membrane cleaning device 71 Gas exhaust pipe 72 Gas supply pipe 73 Vibrator 86 Separation wall 88 Blocking wall (eg, silicon sponge) 88b Peripheral wall (outer side wall) of blocking wall 88c Through hole of blocking wall 100 Washing tub 140 Waste liquid tank 120 Washing water 110 Rinsing water A Waste liquid AR Gas B Treated liquid (filtrate) CA1 Compressed gas CA2 Compressed gas F Washing powder K Contaminated slurry N Side of filter container 11 Distance from the inner wall to the filtration membrane 12 m, P... pump, L1... length between the tip of the fold and the tip of the fold, L2... length between the base of the fold and the tip of the fold, CD... Circumferential direction, LD... Height direction, US... Upper side (in height direction), DS... Lower side (in height direction), GS... Extending direction of folds, HS... Distal side, BS... Base end side

Claims (11)

  1. 　洗濯槽に供給される洗い用水と、前記洗濯槽に供給される濯ぎ用水と、前記洗濯槽から排出される洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水を濾過する濾過手段とを備え、
    　洗い用水が前記洗濯槽と前記濾過手段を循環し、
    　濯ぎ用水が前記洗濯槽と前記濾過手段を循環する、
    　ことを特徴とする洗濯システム。     washing water supplied to the washing tub, rinsing water supplied to the washing tub, and filtering means for filtering the washing water and the rinsing water discharged from the washing tub,
    washing water circulates through the washing tub and the filtering means;
    rinsing water circulates through the washing tub and the filtering means;
    A washing system characterized by:
  2. 　洗い用水と濯ぎ用水が相互に混ざらないものである、
    　請求項１に記載の洗濯システム。     Washing water and rinsing water are mutually immiscible,
    The laundry system of Claim 1.
  3. 　洗い用水が貯留される洗い用水タンクと、濯ぎ用水が貯留される濯ぎ用水タンクとを備え、
    　前記洗濯槽から排出された洗い用水が、前記濾過手段で濾過されて前記洗い用水タンクに送水されるものであり、
    　前記洗濯槽から排出された濯ぎ用水が、前記濾過手段で濾過されて前記濯ぎ用水タンクに送水されるものである、
    　請求項１に記載の洗濯システム。     A washing water tank for storing washing water and a rinsing water tank for storing rinsing water,
    washing water discharged from the washing tub is filtered by the filtering means and sent to the washing water tank;
    The rinsing water discharged from the washing tub is filtered by the filtering means and sent to the rinsing water tank.
    The laundry system of Claim 1.
  4. 　前記洗濯槽から廃液された洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水を貯留する廃液タンクを備え、
    　前記廃液タンクが、貯留された洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水の排出量を調節可能とする機構を備えたものであり、
    　前記濾過手段が前記廃液タンクから排出された洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水を濾過するものである、
    　請求項１に記載の洗濯システム。     A waste liquid tank for storing washing water and rinsing water discharged from the washing tub,
    The waste liquid tank is provided with a mechanism for adjusting the discharge amount of stored washing water and rinsing water,
    wherein the filtering means filters washing water and rinsing water discharged from the waste liquid tank;
    The laundry system of Claim 1.
  5. 　前記濾過手段は、洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水に含まれる固形分を捕捉し、残分を透過するものである、
    　請求項１に記載の洗濯システム。     The filtering means captures solids contained in the washing water and rinsing water and allows the residue to pass through.
    The laundry system of Claim 1.
  6. 　前記洗濯槽から排出される洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水に含まれる相対的に大径の固形分を分離し、残分を透過するストレーナーを備え、
    　前記濾過手段が前記残分を濾過するものである、
    　請求項１に記載の洗濯システム。     A strainer that separates relatively large-diameter solids contained in the washing water and rinsing water discharged from the washing tub and permeates the residue,
    wherein said filtering means filters said residue;
    The laundry system of Claim 1.
  7. 　前記洗濯槽が複数備わり、
    　前記洗い用水が、前記複数の洗濯槽の少なくとも１つ以上と前記濾過手段を循環するものであり、
    　前記濯ぎ用水が、前記複数の洗濯槽の少なくとも１つ以上と前記濾過手段を循環するものである、
    　請求項１に記載の洗濯システム。     A plurality of the washing tubs are provided,
    The washing water circulates through at least one of the plurality of washing tubs and the filtering means,
    The rinsing water circulates through at least one of the plurality of washing tubs and the filtering means,
    The laundry system of Claim 1.
  8. 　前記洗い用水が、洗剤が溶解された水又はアルカリ水である、
    　請求項１に記載の洗濯システム。     The washing water is water in which a detergent is dissolved or alkaline water.
    The laundry system of Claim 1.
  9. 　前記濾過手段は、
    　濾過前の洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水が流入する第１室と、濾過処理された処理液が流出する第２室と、当該第１室と当該第２室を仕切る濾過フィルタと、当該第１室に濾過フィルタを洗浄する洗浄粉粒体と、前記濾過フィルタ及び前記洗浄粉粒体の少なくとも一方を振動させる振動体を有するものである、
    　請求項１に記載の洗濯システム。     The filtering means is
    A first chamber into which unfiltered washing water and rinsing water flow, a second chamber into which filtered treated liquid flows out, a filtration filter that partitions the first chamber and the second chamber, and the first chamber The cleaning granules for cleaning the filtration filter, and a vibrating body for vibrating at least one of the filtration filter and the cleaning granules.
    The laundry system of Claim 1.
  10. 　前記濾過フィルタが、平坦な濾材を蛇腹状に折り曲げつつ円筒状に形成され、軸芯が上下方向であるプリーツフィルタであり、
    　前記洗浄粉粒体の嵩高さが、前記プリーツフィルタの上下方向の高さ以上である、
    　請求項９に記載の洗濯システム。     The filtration filter is a pleated filter formed into a cylindrical shape by bending a flat filter material into a bellows shape, and having a vertical axis,
    The bulkiness of the washed granules is equal to or greater than the height of the pleated filter in the vertical direction.
    10. Laundry system according to claim 9.
  11. 　洗濯槽に洗い用水を供給する洗い用水供給ステップと、前記洗濯槽に濯ぎ用水を供給する濯ぎ用水供給ステップと、前記洗濯槽から排出される洗い用水及び濯ぎ用水を濾過する濾過ステップとを備え、
    　洗い用水が前記洗い用水供給ステップと前記濾過ステップを循環するものであり、
    　濯ぎ用水が前記洗い用水供給ステップと前記濾過ステップを循環するものである、
    　ことを特徴とする洗濯方法。     a washing water supply step of supplying washing water to the washing tub; a rinsing water supply step of supplying rinsing water to the washing tub; and a filtering step of filtering the washing water and the rinsing water discharged from the washing tub,
    washing water is circulated through the washing water supplying step and the filtering step;
    rinsing water circulates through the washing water supplying step and the filtering step;
    A washing method characterized by:
PCT/JP2022/017803 2021-07-20 2022-04-14 Washing system and washing method WO2023002727A1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002086083A (en) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-26 Sansha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Cleaning method
JP2003144793A (en) * 2001-11-09 2003-05-20 Sansha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Washing machine
JP2014147861A (en) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-21 Ryuki Engineering:Kk Filtration device
JP2019058868A (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-04-18 株式会社流機エンジニアリング Filter device and filtering method of liquid to be treated

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003019391A (en) * 2001-07-09 2003-01-21 Sansha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Washing method and device for the same
JP2003071188A (en) * 2001-09-05 2003-03-11 Sansha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Clothing washing system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002086083A (en) * 2000-09-12 2002-03-26 Sansha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Cleaning method
JP2003144793A (en) * 2001-11-09 2003-05-20 Sansha Electric Mfg Co Ltd Washing machine
JP2014147861A (en) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-21 Ryuki Engineering:Kk Filtration device
JP2019058868A (en) * 2017-09-27 2019-04-18 株式会社流機エンジニアリング Filter device and filtering method of liquid to be treated

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