WO2023001635A1

WO2023001635A1 - Method and apparatus for determining the temperature of heating flues of the coke oven of a coke oven battery

Info

Publication number: WO2023001635A1
Application number: PCT/EP2022/069455
Authority: WO
Inventors: Marcel Schulz; Jürgen Reger; Klaus REGER
Original assignee: Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag; Thyssenkrupp Ag
Priority date: 2021-07-21
Filing date: 2022-07-12
Publication date: 2023-01-26
Also published as: DE102021207826A1

Abstract

In order to provide a method and an apparatus for determining the temperature of heating flues of the coke ovens of a coke oven battery, by means of which the temperature of the heating chambers can be measured very accurately and very quickly, according to the invention the infrared pyrometers are designed as multi-wavelength pyrometers (MWL). A measuring device (1) is fixedly installed on each inspection heating flue (11) and comprises a multi-wavelength pyrometer (MWL), an evaluation unit (2) for generating temperature data from the measured radiation values and at least one transmission unit (3) for forwarding the temperature data. The temperature data are continuously determined in each measuring device (1) on the basis of continuously measured radiation values, wherein the temperature data are simultaneously ascertained from all measuring devices (1). The temperature data of each measuring device (1) are sent by the respective transmission units (3) to at least one transfer point (50), and wherein the temperature data are transmitted from the transfer point (50) to an apparatus (60) for further processing. In order to make available a method and an apparatus for determining the temperature of heating flues of the coke oven of a coke oven battery, by means of which the temperature of the heating chambers can be measured very accurately and very quickly, provision is made for the infrared pyrometers to be designed as multi-wavelength pyrometers (MWL), wherein at each inspection heating flue (11), a measuring device (1) is fixedly installed which comprises a multi-wavelength pyrometer (MWL), an evaluation unit (2) for generating temperature data from the measured radiation values and at least one transmission unit (3) for forwarding the temperature data, wherein the temperature data is continuously determined in each measuring device (1) on the basis of continuously measured radiation values, wherein the temperature data is simultaneously ascertained from all measuring devices (1), wherein the temperature data of each measuring device (1) is sent by the respective transmission unit (3) to at least one transfer point (50), and wherein the temperature data is transmitted from the transfer point (50) to an apparatus (60) for further processing.

Description

description

title

Method and device for determining the temperature of the heating flues of the coke ovens of a coke oven battery

The invention relates to a method for determining the temperature of the heating flues of the coke ovens of a coke oven battery and a corresponding device.

Coke oven batteries consist of a large number (e.g. up to 90) coke ovens arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction. Each coke oven has an oven chamber, with each oven chamber being framed on both sides by a respective heating chamber. Viewed in the transverse direction, the heating chambers are in turn made up of a large number (e.g. up to 42) individual hollow channels lined up next to one another. In these hollow channels of the heating chambers, known as heating flues, heat is generated by burning fuel gases to heat the adjacent furnace chambers filled with coal. In total, the heating of a coke oven battery is guaranteed from individual combustion processes in up to approx. 3800 heating flues per coke oven battery.

The alternating arrangement of oven chamber and heating chamber within a coke oven battery creates large building dimensions with lengths of up to 140 m and depths of up to 25 m. In height, coke oven batteries with a depth of the oven chambers and heating chambers of up to 20 m are known.

In the commissioning phase of these buildings, it is the task of the specialist staff to individually adjust the heating of the heating flues of a battery in such a way that the coal heaps in the intermediate furnace chambers heat up evenly, thus consistently producing a high-quality coke end product.

After the cooking process, the finished coke is pressed out of the oven chamber using a spinning machine and transported for further processing. The side of the coke oven battery where the spinning machines are located is called the "machine side". The side of the coke oven battery on which the finished coke exits the oven chamber is referred to as the "coke side". In order to be able to press the coke out of the oven chamber without any problems, the oven chamber has a conically widening cross section, starting from its end on the machine side towards its end on the coke side. This conical expansion of the oven chamber means that there is an increasing amount of coking coal in the oven chamber, starting from the machine side in the direction of the coke side, which is why the heating flues of a heating chamber, seen in the transverse direction of the battery, cannot be heated with the same temperature if a product that has been cooked evenly over the entire oven chamber Coke product is to be generated. Rather, each heating flue requires an individual heating setting in the transverse direction of the battery.

At the same time, the heating of the heating chambers must be adjusted in such a way that the existing strict emission requirements are met. In order to achieve this, for example, temperature peaks must be avoided in order to minimize thermal nitrogen oxide formation.

If the heating of the oven chambers in the transverse and/or longitudinal direction of the oven is not optimally set or not optimally controlled, this leads to an undesirable heterogeneous distribution of the coke quality over the base area of the coke oven battery. At the same time, an inconsistent thermal heating setting of the coke oven battery that is not adapted to the conical expansion of the oven chambers and is therefore incorrect is associated with a high level of emissions. Here, the temperature-dependent nitrogen oxide emission is of great importance, for which strict limit values are specified.

For the reasons mentioned, it is necessary to optimally control or regulate the heating of the oven chambers in order to produce a uniform, high quality of coke and to comply with the emission limit values when operating coke oven batteries. In order to be able to achieve this, the operator of the coke oven battery must determine the actual temperature in the heating chambers and the heating flues of a heating chamber as precisely as possible.

It is known from practice to measure the temperature of the heating chambers manually using optical pyrometers. However, the problem arises that a manually performed measurement entails qualitative limitations due to measurement inaccuracies, since this measurement method does not have any there is a clear fixed point as a measuring spot. Significant measurement inaccuracies also result from the fact that recording the theoretical measurement reference point is difficult and very poorly reproducible due to the geometry of the heating flue and the inspection hole at a height of up to 10m and more above the measurement point.

This already results in differences in the recording of measured values between two people carrying out the work and also between two measurements taken at different times by the same person. The delay in recording the measured values also causes inaccuracy and severely limits the comparability of the measured values from one measuring point to another. Of course, the manual measurement of the temperature through the inspection hole in the oven roof also has many disadvantages from the point of view of occupational safety.

Due to the large number of heating chambers and in particular the heating flues, it is not possible for an operator of a coke oven battery to permanently measure all heating flues of the entire coke oven battery for operation and adjustment of the heating of the oven chambers using the manual measuring method, neither in terms of time nor from a cost perspective. It is therefore common practice to carry out so-called longitudinal measurements to determine an average battery temperature using the manual measurement method described above. These measurements are taken about 3-6 times a day. For this purpose, only defined measurement heating trains (control heating trains) are measured in the longitudinal direction of the coke oven battery.

In the publication DE 3205924 C2, the manual measurement method described above using optical pyrometers is also described as prior art. In addition, DE 3205924 C2 also describes non-manual measurement methods as known prior art. It is stated that a thermocouple can be used instead of an optical pyrometer to measure the temperature in the heating chamber. The thermocouple may be located in a top portion of the heating chamber, or in the top portion of a partition between adjacent heating chambers, or in a refractory lining in the top portion of the flues. However, in DE 3205924 C2 all of these possibilities are attributed insufficient measurement accuracy. The invention disclosed in DE 3205924 C2 provides a temperature measuring device for coking ovens, which are each combined with several heating chambers in a row to form a coke oven battery, each heating chamber having a plurality of inspection holes on the top, the temperature measuring device having a measuring carriage running on rails a temperature sensor for thermal radiation emitted from the heating chambers through the peepholes. This temperature measuring device is characterized in that a driving device for continuously moving the measuring carriage on the rails in the longitudinal direction of the battery, a wireless transmitter for transmitting measured values of the temperature sensor and a receiving device in a control room for converting the received signal into a signal representing the measured temperature are provided. The temperature measurement should only take place for specific heating chambers to be measured. According to the specific disclosure of DE 3205924 C2, the temperature sensor can be designed as an optical pyrometer, as a thermal radiation pyrometer or as an infrared pyrometer.

The disadvantage of this measuring device is that the temperature measurements for each heating chamber are carried out successively, with each measuring process including opening and closing the inspection hole taking some time and also moving the measuring carriage from inspection hole to inspection hole takes some time. As a result, the measurements extend over a longer period of time. The temperature readings are taken at different times with a considerable time interval between them. The entirety of all measured values is only available after a longer period of time.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for determining the temperature of heating flues of the coke ovens of a coke oven battery, with which the temperature of the heating chambers can be measured very accurately and very quickly.

This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 or by a device having the features of claim 6.

Advantageous developments of the method according to the invention result from the dependent claims, which refer back to the independent method claim description and the drawings. Advantageous developments of the device according to the invention result from the dependent claims referring back to the independent device claim, the description and the drawings.

The method according to the invention for determining the temperature of the heating flues of the coke ovens of a coke oven battery provides that the temperature measurements on selected control heating flues distributed over the coke oven battery are measured with the aid of infrared pyrometers, the infrared radiation of a nozzle block of each control heating flue and the temperature of the nozzle block of the respective control heating flue is measured from the radiation measurements is determined.

According to the invention, the infrared pyrometers are designed as multi-wavelength pyrometers, also referred to as MWL for short, with a measuring device permanently installed on each control heating flue, which comprises a quotient pyrometer, an evaluation unit for generating temperature data from the measured radiation values and at least one transmission unit for forwarding the temperature data, wherein the temperature data is determined continuously on the basis of continuously measured radiation values in each measuring device, with the temperature data being determined by all measuring devices simultaneously, with the temperature data of each measuring device being sent by the respective transmission unit to at least one transfer point, and with the temperature data starting from the transfer point be transmitted to a further processing device.

The invention also relates to a device for determining the temperature of the heating flues of the coke ovens of a coke oven battery using infrared pyrometers, the coke oven battery having defined control heating flues in which the infrared radiation of a nozzle block of the control heating flue is measured and the temperature of the nozzle block of the respective control heating flue is determined from the radiation measurement values .

In the device according to the invention, the infrared pyrometers are designed as multi-wavelength pyrometers, also known as MWL for short, with a measuring device being permanently installed on each control heating flue, which Multi-wavelength pyrometer, an evaluation unit for generating temperature data from the measured radiation values and at least one transmission unit for forwarding the temperature data, the evaluation unit being configured for a continuous determination of the temperature data on the basis of the continuously measured radiation values in each measuring device, with the temperature data from all measuring devices being transmitted simultaneously are determined, wherein at least one transfer point is provided which receives the temperature data transmitted simultaneously by the transmission units of the measuring devices, and wherein a further processing device is provided to which the temperature data from the transfer point can be transmitted.

Special multi-wavelength pyrometers are therefore used in the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention. The essential difference between multi-wavelength pyrometers and conventional infrared pyrometers, which are known from the prior art (cf. DE 3205924 C2) for the purpose in question here, is that the known infrared pyrometers are designed as so-called partial radiation pyrometers whose spectral sensitivity is corresponding filter is limited to a certain wavelength range, while multi-wavelength pyrometers have several measurement channels for measuring the radiation intensity of wavelength ranges that are close together. By forming the quotient of the intensities, factors influencing the signal attenuation such as smoke, dust or soiled measuring optics, such as those present in the rough and dirty environment in temperature measurements on the heating chambers of coke ovens, are eliminated to a significant extent according to the invention. This significantly increases the measurement accuracy and the actual temperature of the heating chamber can be determined much more precisely.

At the same time, the method and the device according to the invention ensure that all of the measured temperature values determined at various control heating flues distributed over the coke oven battery are present and can be evaluated at the same time, ie at a single point in time. According to the invention, the temperature data is determined continuously in each measuring device in that each measuring device continuously measures the radiation measurement values with a ratio pyrometer and these Radiation readings then converted into temperature data by means of the evaluation unit. Thus, the temperature data is determined simultaneously in all measuring devices, i.e. at the same time. With the transmission unit of a respective measuring device, the temperature data are then also sent simultaneously from all measuring devices to a transfer point and transmitted from there to a further processing device. In this way, the temperature data of various control heating flues distributed over the coke oven battery are determined simultaneously, and they are all available at the same time for further processing in the further processing device. With the method according to the invention, it is therefore no longer a long time before all the required temperature data are available so that they can be processed together.

According to the invention, the individual measuring systems can each have a quick-action clamping device. The measuring system can be mounted at the measuring point using the quick-release device without having to make any changes to the measuring system at the installation site.

According to the invention, an optical sighting device can be made available for aligning the measuring system, which precisely marks the measuring spot with crosshairs in order to carry out an absolute positioning.

Furthermore, the measuring device according to the invention does not require any auxiliary/operating means and guarantees a very long service life. Specific preparations are made for this with regard to the terminating unit of the measuring channel. Depending on the application and location, a replaceable sapphire glass can be installed in this closing unit to keep the measuring device free from disruptive influences.

According to the invention, it can be provided that the sapphire glass is heated to avoid the formation of condensate.

The individual measuring devices act as amplifiers during data transmission and form a so-called mesh network during wireless transmission.

Each measuring device offers an interface for a mobile evaluation device to provide information about the current measured values and the system status. For this purpose, transmission technologies for the near-field range, such as Bluetooth or NFC (Near Field Communication) used. All measuring devices can be configured centrally via an access point or on each individual device with standardized end devices.

According to the invention, the radiation measurement values are measured with the multi-wavelength pyrometer in a control heating flue of a heating chamber when the burner of this control heating flue is switched off.

Usually, half of the burners are in operation in the heating chambers, which are arranged next to and in the longitudinal direction of a furnace chamber. After a predetermined period of time, these burners are shut down, while at the same time the other half of the burners are started. Both halves of the burners are alternately started and stopped. If the shutter of an inspection hole is opened during combustion, the temperature of the flame inside the heating chamber would be measured instead of the temperature of the nozzle brick at the bottom of the heating chamber. The temperature inside a heating chamber rises from the machine side towards the coke side. The center portion within the length of the oven chamber is at an intermediate temperature. If the temperature of the oven is measured through an inspection hole near the center of the coke oven battery in a stationary or non-burning control flue, the result of the measurement is not falsified or influenced by the effects of combustion. This is advantageous because in this way the average temperature inside the heating chamber can be measured. According to the invention, it is therefore advantageous to measure the temperature through peepholes of switched off, non-burning control heating flues.

In the context of the invention, it was surprisingly found that - in addition to the improvement in the accuracy of the temperature data through the use of multi-wavelength pyrometers - the measure of the simultaneous determination of the temperature data in the measuring devices and the simultaneous transmission of the temperature data of all measuring devices to a further processing device leads to a further significant increase in the accuracy of the determined heating chamber temperature. Because it has been found that the temperature of a heating flue falls significantly over time in the phase in which the burner of this heating flue is switched off. The heating flue therefore cools down to a certain extent when the burner is switched off. If the temperature data at different control heating flues are determined one after the other and with a time interval between them (as is the case with the methods/devices known from the prior art), the temperature drop in the control heating flue is included in the determined temperature data and an average heating chamber temperature is determined from the temperature data, which is lower than the actual mean heating chamber temperature. If, on the other hand, according to the present invention, the temperature data is determined at all measuring devices at the same time, at a given point in time, and transmitted at the same time to the further processing device, then the effect of a cooling of the temperature of the control heating flue in a phase with the burner switched off is not included in the temperature data. The determined mean heating chamber temperature is higher and closer to the actual heating chamber temperature than in the case of determining the temperature data with successive, time-delayed measurements.

According to one embodiment of the method and the device according to the invention, it is provided that the transfer point is designed as a stationary storage medium or as an online data store (also referred to as a cloud) and the further processing device comprises an automation system for controlling or regulating the heating of the coke ovens, the Temperature data are stored on the storage medium or in the online data storage and are kept ready for transfer to the automation system (or - in the case of the device according to the invention - the storage medium or the online data storage and the automation system are set up so that the temperature data on the storage medium or the online data storage and can be transferred to the automation system.

In this way, the temperature data can be used directly via the automation system to control or regulate the heating of the coke ovens.

According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention, it is provided that the automation system includes a process control system for controlling and regulating the entire coke oven battery. As a result, the temperature data can be processed directly in the process control system via standardized interfaces, with which not only the heating individual coke ovens is controlled or regulated, but with which the operation of the entire coke oven battery is controlled or regulated.

According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is provided that the further processing device comprises a computer system for operating a computer model with which a quantity of heat to be introduced and target temperature values derived therefrom for optimized operation of the heating flues of the coke oven battery are calculated, with the measuring devices on the control heating flues being calculated determined actual temperatures are compared with the target temperature values calculated via the computer model for these control heating flues, and warning messages are generated by the further processing device if the actual/target comparison results in a deviation that exceeds a specified level.

According to one embodiment of the device according to the invention, the procedure is analogous in that the further processing device comprises a computer system for operating a calculation model with which an amount of heat to be introduced and target temperature values derived therefrom can be calculated for optimized operation of the heating flues of the coke oven battery, with the further processing device being set up to do the to compare the actual temperatures determined by the measuring devices on the control heating flues with the target temperature values calculated using the computer model for these control heating flues, and with the further processing device being set up to generate warning messages or readjustments if the actual/target comparison exceeds a specified level further deviation results.

The total heat requirement of the coke oven battery is continuously determined using calculation models and the results are made available to the higher-level process control system in the form of setpoints for a selected controller. Controller setpoint values to be influenced can be the amount of heating medium to be supplied (pressure), the quality of the underlying heating medium (calorific value adjustment), the burning time or other controllers for influencing the temperature behavior of the coke oven battery. The calculation model continuously monitors the process behavior by comparing the solst temperatures of the control heating flues. Such an approach is also referred to as "Level 2 Automation" and the underlying models as "Digital Twin". The advantage of this procedure compared to direct processing of the temperature data in an automation system or a process control system is that a complex mathematical calculation (taking into account material data and thermodynamics) can be implemented more reliably and better outside of the process control system.

With this device according to the invention, all the necessary parameters and measurement data for self-sufficient and unmanned heating of the coking plant are available to the model technology. An additional temperature measurement of the end product supports the operator in the quality assessment and closes the gap in the missing information on the vertical temperature distribution in the furnace and in the heating flue. Additionally, using a chamber wall temperature measurement to evaluate vertical temperature distribution and furnace conditions is another useful source of data.

According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is provided that, as a reaction to a warning message, that heating flue to which the warning message relates is subjected to a maintenance or repair measure. In this way, heating flues that require maintenance or repairs can be identified from the temperature data and repaired as part of a planned maintenance or repair measure. In this way, cost-intensive failures of heating chambers or coke ovens of a coke oven battery, which e.g. necessitate a production stop, can be avoided and the output of the entire system can be increased or optimized.

According to one embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is provided that the transmission units in the measuring devices and the at least one transfer point are set up for wireless transmission of the temperature data. The wireless transmission of the temperature data has the advantage that the measuring device can be used more flexibly, since it can be dismantled and relocated very easily.

According to one embodiment of the device according to the invention it is provided that the measuring devices are operable energy self-sufficient by the device at least has an energy conversion unit with which the forms of energy occurring in the coke oven battery, heat energy, light and flow energy, can be converted into electrical energy for the operation of the measuring devices. In this way, a separate energy supply unit that supplies external energy with the device according to the invention can be dispensed with.

According to one embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is provided that the measuring devices receive the energy required for their operation in the form of electrical energy via a power cable. Laying cables on the oven ceiling of a coke oven battery is possible without any problems. The energy supply for the operation of the device according to the invention can therefore be ensured in a simple and cost-effective manner.

According to one embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is provided that the measuring devices can be operated temporarily (for several days) with battery voltage, in that the device has an energy store. In this way, a separate energy supply unit that feeds external energy to the device according to the invention can be dispensed with.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. It show each schematically

1 is a plan view of part of a coke oven battery designed according to the invention

2 shows a sectional side view of a measuring device according to the invention

3 shows a comparative recording of measured values, in which the measured values determined using a measuring method known from the prior art are compared with the measured values determined using the measuring method according to the invention.

The coke oven battery 20 shown in a partial section comprises coke oven chambers 30 and heating chambers 40. The coke oven chambers 30 and the heating chambers 40 are arranged alternately next to one another in the longitudinal direction L of the coke oven battery 20. A heating chamber 40 has a multiplicity of individual heating flues 10 which are arranged next to one another in the transverse direction Q of the coke oven battery 20 . The three points in the Heating chambers 40 indicate that each heating chamber 40 can have a larger number of additional heating flues 10 (not shown in FIG. 1). For example, a number of up to 42 heating flues can be provided in a heating chamber 40 in the transverse direction Q. In the longitudinal direction L, a coke oven battery can have, for example, 90 coke oven chambers.

Each heating flue 10 has a nozzle block 12 arranged on the bottom of the heating chamber 40 . In the heating mode, combustible gas is fed into the heating flues 11 via the nozzle blocks 12 . The gas ignites and in this way the flues 10 and the entire heating chamber 40 are heated. The amount of heat produced by the heating heats the coking coal contained in the coke oven chambers 30 so that the volatile constituents of the coking coal are removed and a fully cooked coke remains in the coke oven chamber 20 at the end of the cooking time.

At the end of the cooking time, the coke is pushed out of the coke oven chamber 30 in the direction of the coke side 22 by means of a pushing machine (not shown) from the machine side 21 . In order to facilitate the pressing of the coke, the coke oven chambers 30 are designed in such a way that their cross section widens conically from the machine side 21 in the direction of the coke side 22 . This conical widening cannot be seen in the schematic representation according to FIG.

The conical widening of the cross section of the coke oven chambers 30 increases the amount of coking coal to be heated in the coke chambers 30 in the direction of the coke side 22 . It is therefore necessary to adapt the heating of the heating flues 10 to the amount of coking coal. The amount of heat to be introduced into the coking coal must increase in the direction of the coke side 22 if a consistently high coke quality is to be achieved over the entire extent of the coke oven battery in the transverse direction Q. Therefore, the heating of the individual heating flues 10 must be controlled or regulated.

The heating flues 10 denoted by the reference numeral 11 in FIG. 1 represent selected control heating flues 11 by way of example. The measuring devices 1 according to the invention are installed on these control heating flues 11 . The determination of the temperature is concentrated on these control heating flues 11 for reasons of cost and economy. Within the scope of the invention, the measuring devices 1 according to the invention are installed on all selected control heating flues 11 and the temperature of the nozzle blocks of the respective control heating flues 11 is determined simultaneously. The temperature data determined by the evaluation unit 2 (cf. FIG. 2) from the radiation measurement values are transmitted by the transmission unit 3 (cf. FIG. 2) wirelessly or via a data transmission cable to a central transfer point 50 or several transfer points 50 . In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, a single transfer point 50 is provided. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this transfer point 50 is in the form of a stationary storage medium.

The transfer point 50 is used to receive the temperature data transmitted by the transmission units 3 of the measuring devices 1, to store them and to keep them ready for forwarding to a further processing device 60.

To transfer the temperature data from the transfer point to the

Further processing device 60 can advantageously be used for data transmission standardized interfaces.

As an alternative to a central, stationary storage medium, the transfer point 50 can also be in the form of an online data store (cloud).

The measuring devices 1 according to the invention, which are explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. The measuring devices 1 are then arranged, for example, 10 or 12 meters above the nozzle stone 12 arranged on the bottom of the Fleizzug 11 .

2 shows a measuring device 1 according to the invention. The measuring device 1 has a multi-wavelength pyrometer MWL arranged in a housing 13 . The measuring device 1 is inserted via a connecting flange 9 into an inspection hole which is arranged in the oven roof 15 of the coke oven battery 20 . With the help of a quick-release device 14, the measuring device 1 can be installed quickly and securely in the inspection hole in the furnace roof 15. In the vertical direction perpendicular to the furnace roof 15, the measuring device 1 only extends so far that the (in Fig. 2 not shown) filling car, which is moved in the horizontal direction parallel to the oven roof 15 and via which the coke oven chambers 30 are filled with coking coal, can be moved undisturbed over the measuring devices. The measuring devices 1 therefore do not represent any obstacles for the filling wagon.

The measuring spot of the multi-wavelength pyrometer is aligned exactly to the measuring point on the nozzle block 12 (cf. FIG. 1) via the sighting unit 4 . The infrared radiation emitted by the nozzle block 12 is conducted via an optical measuring channel 5 into the multi-wavelength spectrometer MWL and recorded there. An evaluation unit 2 of the measuring device 1 converts the radiation measurement values into temperature data. The temperature data are transmitted from the transmission unit 3 to the transfer point 50 (cf. FIG. 1).

The adjustment unit 6 is used to mechanically align the measuring system exactly and permanently to the desired measuring spot with the aid of the sighting unit 4 .

The optical measuring channel 5 includes the terminating unit 7, which serves to shield the measuring system from the heating flue to be measured. This terminating unit can be implemented by a counter-pressure to be generated, an exchangeable, optionally heatable, sapphire glass pane, or by other measures.

The measuring device 1 also includes an energy conversion unit 8 which is designed to convert the energy forms occurring in the coke oven battery 20 , namely thermal energy, light and flow energy, into electrical energy for the operation of the measuring device 1 . The aim here is that the measuring devices 1 can be operated in an energy self-sufficient manner. In the exemplary embodiment shown, an energy conversion unit 8 is provided, with which thermal energy can be converted into electrical energy for the operation of the measuring device 1 . The obvious source of energy = thermal energy, can be realized, for example, with the help of a thermal generator equipped with Peltier elements. Depending on the intended use and location, other secondary energy sources such as flow energy (wind) or radiant energy from the sun (photovoltaics) would also be conceivable.

In Fig. 3 the temperature profile of a control heating flue 11 is shown over time. The multi-wavelength pyrometer MWL used according to the invention can be operated both with a number of wavelengths and with only one wavelength. Hence Comparative measurements could be carried out on the same control heating flues 11 using the measuring device according to the invention.

The dashed curve at the bottom in Fig. 3 shows the temperature profile that is measured with a partial radiation pyrometer, i.e. with a pyrometer known from the prior art (e.g. DE 3205924 C2) for the present application, which uses only a single wavelength is working. The dotted curve at the top in FIG. 3 reproduces the temperature profile which is measured according to the invention using a multi-wavelength pyrometer MWL.

The curve sections increasing from left to right characterize the temperature profile during heating of the control heating flue 11, ie while fuel gas is introduced through the nozzle block 12 into the control heating flue 11. The curve sections falling from left to right characterize the temperature profile during a switch-off phase of the control heating flue 11, ie while no fuel gas is introduced through the nozzle block 12 into the control heating flue 11.

It is very clear in FIG. 3 that by using a multi-wavelength pyrometer according to the invention on the same control heating flue 11, significantly higher temperatures are determined than are obtained when using a single-wavelength pyrometer. Surprisingly, it was found that the temperatures determined using the MWL are about 70° C. higher than the temperatures determined using a single-wavelength pyrometer. This is due to the fact that multi-wavelength pyrometers have a higher resistance to falsification of measured values compared to classic partial radiation pyrometers. In the case of partial radiation pyrometers, a significant deterioration in the measurement signal becomes visible within a very short time. Not only superficial contamination is responsible for this, but also particles in the combustion chamber can influence the measuring signal and falsify the measured value.

With the help of the measuring method according to the invention and the measuring device according to the invention, it was surprisingly found that the actual temperature of the nozzle block 12 and thus also the actual temperature of the control heating flue 11 is significantly higher than the expert based on a temperature data determined by a wavelength pyrometer. If the heating of the heating flues 10 of a coke oven battery is controlled or regulated on the basis of measurements with a single-wavelength pyrometer, the heating flues 10 will regularly be overheated because the control or regulation system assumes a temperature that is significantly lower than the actual temperature. Such an overheating of the heating flues 10 not only results in an unnecessarily high fuel gas consumption and an unnecessarily high thermal load on the heating chambers, but also an unnecessarily high thermal nitrogen oxide formation occurs due to excessively high operating temperatures.

If the control or regulation of the heating of the heating flues 10 is instead based on the higher actual temperatures determined using the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention, then fuel gas is saved to a considerable extent, the thermal load on the heating chambers and the associated need for repairs is significantly reduced , and thermal nitrogen oxide formation is reduced, so that the specified limit values can be met more easily.

The measuring points M1, M2, M3 and M4 plotted on the lower curve are intended to show schematically how, for example, different temperatures are determined with the temperature measuring device known from DE 3205924 C2 at different points in time on different control heating flues 11. These different temperatures are passed on to a control or regulation system at different times. An average temperature is then formed from the different measured values for the purpose of controlling or regulating the coke oven battery 20 . This is therefore in turn lower than a single temperature value, which is identified by M in FIG. This effect also contributes to the fact that the actual temperature values determined using the method according to the invention or with the device according to the invention are higher than the temperature values determined according to the prior art.

Within the scope of the invention, both the use of a multi-wavelength pyrometer MWL and the simultaneous determination of different Temperature readings at different selected control heating flues 11 and the simultaneous transmission of the temperature readings to a transfer point 50 and a further processing device 60 help to ensure that the heating flues 10 of the coke oven battery 20 can be controlled or regulated in such a way that fuel gas consumption, thermal wear, and nitrogen oxide emissions are reduced or eliminated .can be minimized.

Reference List

1 measuring device

2 evaluation unit

3 transmission unit

4 sighting device

5 optical measuring channel

6 adjustment unit

7 closing unit

8 energy conversion unit

9 connection flange

10 heating flue

11 Control heater flue

12 Nozzle Stone

13 housing

14 quick release device

15 oven cover

20 coke oven battery

21 machine side

22 coke side

30 coke oven chamber

40 heating chamber

50 transfer point

60 further processing device MWL multi-wavelength pyrometer

Claims

patent claims

1. Method for determining the temperature of heating flues (10) of the coke ovens of a coke oven battery (20), wherein the infrared radiation of a nozzle stone (12) of each control heating flue ( 11) measured and the temperature of the nozzle block (12) of the respective control heating flue is determined from the radiation measurement values, characterized in that the infrared pyrometers are designed as multi-wavelength pyrometers (MWL), with a measuring device (1) being permanently installed on each control heating flue (11), which comprises a multi-wavelength pyrometer (MWL), an evaluation unit (2) for generating temperature data from the measured radiation values and at least one transmission unit (3) for forwarding the temperature data, the temperature data being determined on the basis of continuously measured radiation values in each measuring device (1) continually takes place, the temperature data from all measuring devices (1) being determined simultaneously, the temperature data from each measuring device (1) being sent by the respective transmission unit (3) to at least one transfer point (50), and the temperature data from the transfer point (50) be transmitted to a further processing device (60).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer point (40) is designed as a stationary storage medium or as an online data storage (cloud) and the further processing device (60) comprises an automation system for controlling or regulating the heating of the coke ovens, the temperature data stored on the storage medium or in the online data store and made available for transfer to the automation system.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the automation system comprises a process control system for controlling and regulating the entire coke oven battery (20).

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further processing device comprises a computer system for operating a computer model with which a quantity of heat to be introduced and target temperature values derived therefrom for optimized operation of the heating flues (10) of the coke oven battery (20) are calculated , the actual temperatures determined by the measuring devices (1) on the control heating flues (11) being compared with the target temperature values calculated using the computer model for these control heating flues (11), and the further processing device (60) generating warning messages or readjustments , if the actual/target comparison shows a deviation that exceeds a specified level.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, in response to a warning message, that heating flue (10) to which the warning message relates is subjected to a maintenance or repair measure.

6. Device for determining the temperature of heating flues (10) of the coke ovens of a coke oven battery (20) using infrared pyrometers, the coke oven battery (20) having defined control heating flues (11) in which the infrared radiation of a nozzle block (12) of the control heating flue (11 ) is measured and the temperature of the nozzle block (12) of the respective control heating flue (11) is determined from the radiation measurement values, characterized in that the infrared pyrometers are designed as multi-wavelength pyrometers (MWL), with a measuring device (1) permanently installed on each control heating flue (11). is a multi-wavelength pyrometer (MWL), an evaluation unit (2) for generating temperature data from the measured radiation readings and at least one transmission unit (3) for forwarding the temperature data wherein the evaluation unit (2) is configured for a continuous determination of the temperature data on the basis of the continuously measured radiation values in each measuring device (1), the temperature data being determined simultaneously by all measuring devices (1), with at least one transfer point (50) being provided which receives the temperature data transmitted simultaneously by the transmission units (3) of the measuring devices (1), and a further processing device (60) is provided to which the temperature data from the transfer point (50) can be transmitted.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one transfer point (50) is designed as a stationary storage medium or as an online data store (cloud) for storing the temperature data and the further processing device (60) is an automation system for controlling or regulating the heating of the Includes coke ovens, wherein the storage medium or the online data storage and the automation system are set up so that the temperature data can be kept on the storage medium or the online data storage and transmitted to the automation system.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the automation system comprises a process control system for controlling and regulating the entire coke oven battery (20).

9. Device according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the further processing device (60) comprises a computer system for operating a calculation model with which a quantity of heat to be introduced and target temperature values derived therefrom for optimized operation of the heating flues (10) of the coke oven battery (20) are calculable, wherein the further processing device (60) is set up by the Measuring devices (1) to compare the actual temperatures determined on the control heating flues (11) with the target temperature values calculated for these control heating flues (11) using the computer model, and the further processing device (60) is set up to generate warning messages or readjustments if the Actual/target comparison results in a deviation that exceeds a specified level.

10. Device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the transmission units (3) in the measuring devices (1) and the at least one transfer point (50) are set up for wireless transmission of the temperature data.

11. Device according to one of Claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the measuring devices (1) can be operated with energy self-sufficiency in that the device has at least one energy conversion unit (8) with which the forms of energy occurring in the coke oven battery (20) are heat energy, light and Flow energy can be converted into electrical energy for the operation of the measuring devices (1).

12. Device according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the measuring devices (1) receive the energy required for their operation in the form of electrical energy via a power cable.