EP0717830B1 - Continuous furnace - Google Patents
Continuous furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0717830B1 EP0717830B1 EP95921694A EP95921694A EP0717830B1 EP 0717830 B1 EP0717830 B1 EP 0717830B1 EP 95921694 A EP95921694 A EP 95921694A EP 95921694 A EP95921694 A EP 95921694A EP 0717830 B1 EP0717830 B1 EP 0717830B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- heating zone
- continuous furnace
- accordance
- air ducts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001035 Soft ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/12—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a continuous furnace for burning ceramic moldings.
- continuous furnace stands for all types of continuous ovens, for example Tunnel kilns with kiln cars or roller kilns.
- ceramic molded parts basically includes all Types of ceramic moldings, such as porcelain, sanitary ware etc. But there are also special ceramic products, such as ferrites, for example soft ferrites.
- Such soft ferrites are characterized in that they produced using a binder / pressing aid and processed into molded parts.
- These additives usually consist of organic substances, such as Polyvinyl alcohol.
- the soft ferrites mentioned show compared to conventional ones ceramic products a special behavior during the Burning process. When heating in the oven, i.e. in the heating zone, burn out these additives so that it becomes a Contamination of the furnace atmosphere with organic components is coming.
- DE 36 32 918 C2 describes a method for heating the Heating zone of a tunnel oven described in the area the warming zone was supplied with hot furnace gas Branch line is arranged from the above Conveyors the heating zone is heated and furnace gas the heating zone in the opposite direction into the bypass line for thermal post-cleaning.
- DE 32 32 294 C1 describes a method for sintering Soft ferrites in a chamber furnace, i.e. one discontinuous working furnace, described in which the furnace atmosphere during the so-called “binder phase” additionally is heated outside the furnace chamber, namely in that the volatilize during the binder phase Binder in the circulation circuit outside the furnace chamber be burned continuously and the resulting Combustion gases remain in the circulation circuit and only the excess gas quantities are removed.
- the gas supplied to the furnace chamber be practically “inert". In this way, however Do not control / regulate the furnace atmosphere in the desired way.
- the known method is discontinuous Oven limited.
- the invention has for its object a continuous furnace specify that meets the following criteria: it should the energetically effective ones present in the flue gas of the furnace Components, in particular those that outgas in the heating zone Binder proportions can be used for thermal purposes.
- a defined furnace atmosphere should above all be adjustable in the heating zone. After all, the Pyroprocess overall to be optimized energetically.
- Such a continuous furnace has the following advantages:
- the heating zone becomes hot air at one or more points deducted, for example with gaseous binder components is loaded during the heating phase of the ceramic Degas molded parts from these.
- the combustion gases then become one Combustion chamber fed, burned there, so that one largely cleaned hot air then to the heating zone can be traced back.
- the combustion chamber can in the oven, but separate from the oven duct, for example below of the furnace duct or externally.
- the recirculated hot air has a temperature, for example from 600 to 1,000 ° C and is therefore significantly above the temperature required in the heating zone.
- the temperature in the heating zone - in Direction of transport of the firing material considered - different (increasing). In any case, however, is usually the maximum temperature of the furnace atmosphere in the heating zone well below the aforementioned 1,000 ° C, namely for example at 600 ° C.
- An embodiment of the invention provides that Warm air pipes - viewed in the transport direction of the goods - to be arranged one behind the other along the heating zone, preferably to homogenize the furnace atmosphere warm air is supplied from both sides.
- warm air pipes led vertically one above the other into the heating zone to be even over the height of the furnace duct Ensure warm air supply.
- One embodiment of the invention provides that the amount of cold air supplied from the cold air lines or their temperature can be regulated or controlled accordingly a preselectable temperature / atmosphere profile for the continuous furnace.
- the regulation or control can, for example for a corresponding valve in the connection area of the cold air lines to the respective hot air pipe.
- the external combustion chamber can be in a suitable location are arranged and is for example with an or equipped with several own burners. Any excess air can be led away via a chimney.
- the continuous furnace itself can be done in a conventional manner Be energetically supplied, for example with gas or electric heating elements.
- a tunnel kiln is shown with the reference number 10 an oven entrance 12, a heating zone 14, a firing zone 16 and has a cooling zone 18 and an oven exit 20.
- the transport route of the fired material passed through the furnace 10 is represented by the arrow T.
- a flue gas line 22 runs from the heating zone into one Combustion chamber 24, which is fired with a burner 26 becomes.
- a hot air line runs from the combustion chamber 24 28 back towards the heating zone 14. Before entering The hot air line 28 branches into the heating zone 14 however, here in six sub-lines (warm air lines called) and marked with the reference numeral 30.
- the Warm air lines 30 each open in pairs from the left and right through the furnace wall into the furnace duct and are open each furnace side in the transport direction T arranged one behind the other.
- a cold air line 32 leads to each warm air line 30, a control valve 34 being arranged in each case in the transition region is set so that the amount of cold air supplied can be.
- the temperature is of course also the same of the cold air supplied to the individual hot air lines 30 individually adjustable.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Durchlaufofen zum Brennen von keramischen Formteilen.The invention relates to a continuous furnace for burning ceramic moldings.
Der Begriff "Durchlaufofen" steht dabei stellvertretend für alle Arten von kontinuierlich arbeitenden Öfen, also beispielsweise Tunnelöfen mit Ofenwagen oder Rollenöfen.The term "continuous furnace" stands for all types of continuous ovens, for example Tunnel kilns with kiln cars or roller kilns.
Diese Durchlauföfen sind in der Regel wie folgt aufgebaut (in Transportrichtung des Gutes betrachtet): über einen Eingang durchläuft das Brenngut zunächst eine Aufheizzone, dann eine Brennzone und zum Schluß eine Abkühlzone, bevor es am Ofenausgang entnommen wird. These continuous furnaces are usually designed as follows (viewed in the direction of transport of the goods): over one At the entrance, the fired goods first pass through a heating zone, then a burning zone and finally a cooling zone before it is removed at the furnace exit.
Der Begriff "keramische Formteile" umfaßt grundsätzlich alle Arten keramischer Formkörper, wie Porzellan, Sanitärkeramik etc. Es werden aber ausdrücklich auch sonderkeramische Produkte, wie Ferrite, beispielsweise Weichferrite, erfaßt.The term "ceramic molded parts" basically includes all Types of ceramic moldings, such as porcelain, sanitary ware etc. But there are also special ceramic products, such as ferrites, for example soft ferrites.
Derartige Weichferrite zeichnen sich dadurch aus, daß sie unter Verwendung eines Bindemittels/Preßhilfmittels hergestellt und zu Formteilen verarbeitet wurden. Diese Zusatzmittel bestehen in der Regel aus organischen Substanzen, wie Polyvinylalkohol.Such soft ferrites are characterized in that they produced using a binder / pressing aid and processed into molded parts. These additives usually consist of organic substances, such as Polyvinyl alcohol.
Die genannten Weichferrite zeigen gegenüber konventionellen keramischen Produkten ein besonderes Verhalten während des Brennprozesses. Bei der Erwärmung im Ofen, also in der Aufheizzone, brennen diese Zusatzmittel aus, so daß es zu einer Belastung der Ofenatmosphäre mit organischen Bestandteilen kommt.The soft ferrites mentioned show compared to conventional ones ceramic products a special behavior during the Burning process. When heating in the oven, i.e. in the heating zone, burn out these additives so that it becomes a Contamination of the furnace atmosphere with organic components is coming.
Insoweit muß dafür Sorge getragen werden, daß die Ofenatmosphäre in der Aufheizzone sich nicht mit Bindemitteldämpfen aufkonzentriert; im Gegenteil: es ist stets dafür Sorge zu tragen, daß gleichbleibende Atmosphärenbedingungen herrschen, um eine gleichbleibend hohe Produktqualität sicherzustellen.In this respect care must be taken to ensure that the furnace atmosphere in the heating zone not with binder vapors concentrated; on the contrary: it is always for it To ensure that constant atmospheric conditions prevail to ensure consistently high product quality ensure.
In der DE 2 001 148 A ist vorgeschlagen worden, zur gleichmäßigen Erwärmung von Brenngut die Ofenluft aus einem Tunnelofen in einen Zwischenraum zu führen, von dort aus einer Brennkammer zuzuführen und anschließend an anderer Stelle wieder in den Ofen zurückzuleiten. DE 2 001 148 A has been proposed for uniform Heating the kiln air from a furnace Lead the tunnel furnace into a space from there one combustion chamber and then another Place back in the oven.
In der DE 36 32 918 C2 wird ein Verfahren zur Beheizung der Anwärmzone eines Tunnelofens beschrieben, bei dem im Bereich der Anwärmzone eine mit heißem Ofengas versorgte Nebenstromleitung angeordnet wird, aus der über Fördereinrichtungen die Anwärmzone beheizt wird und Ofengas aus der Anwärmzone in umgekehrter Richtung in die Nebenstromleitung zur thermischen Nachreinigung geführt wird.DE 36 32 918 C2 describes a method for heating the Heating zone of a tunnel oven described in the area the warming zone was supplied with hot furnace gas Branch line is arranged from the above Conveyors the heating zone is heated and furnace gas the heating zone in the opposite direction into the bypass line for thermal post-cleaning.
Bei diesem Verfahren lassen sich weder die im Rauchgas des Ofens vorhandenen energetisch wirksamen Bestandteile, insbesondere die in der Aufheizzone ausgasenden Bindemittelanteile, wärmetechnisch nutzen, noch lassen sich die Verbrennungsgrößen der Nebenstromleitung unabhängig vom Ofenbetrieb einstellen. With this method, neither in the flue gas of the Oven existing energetically effective components, especially those that gas out in the heating zone Binder proportions, use heat technology, can still Combustion quantities of the bypass line independent of Stop oven operation.
In der DE 32 32 294 C1 wird ein Verfahren zum Sintern von
Weichferriten in einem Kammerofen, also einem diskontinuierlich
arbeitenden Ofen, beschrieben, bei dem die Ofenatmosphäre
während der sogenannten "Bindemittelphase" zusätzlich
außerhalb der Ofenkammer erwärmt wird, und zwar
dadurch, daß die sich während der Bindemittelphase verflüchtigenden
Bindemittel im Umwälzkreislauf außerhalb der Ofenkammer
kontinuierlich verbrannt werden und die dabei entstehenden
Verbrennungsgase im Umwälzkreislauf verbleiben und
nur die überschüssigen Gasmengen abgeführt werden.
Auf diese Weise soll das der Ofenkammer zugeführte Gas praktisch "inert" sein. Auf diese Weise läßt sich jedoch die Ofenatmosphäre nicht in der gewünschten Weise steuern/regeln. Darüber hinaus ist das bekannte Verfahren auf einen diskontinuierlichen Ofen beschränkt.In this way, the gas supplied to the furnace chamber be practically "inert". In this way, however Do not control / regulate the furnace atmosphere in the desired way. In addition, the known method is discontinuous Oven limited.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Durchlaufofen anzugeben, der folgende Merkmale erfüllt: es sollen die, im Rauchgas des Ofens vorhandenen energetisch wirksamen Bestandteile, insbesondere die in der Aufheizzone ausgasenden Bindemittelanteile, wärmetechnisch genutzt werden. Darüber hinaus soll eine definierte Ofenatmosphäre vor allem in der Aufheizzone einstellbar sein. Schließlich soll der Pyroprozeß insgesamt energetisch optimiert werden.The invention has for its object a continuous furnace specify that meets the following criteria: it should the energetically effective ones present in the flue gas of the furnace Components, in particular those that outgas in the heating zone Binder proportions can be used for thermal purposes. In addition, a defined furnace atmosphere should above all be adjustable in the heating zone. After all, the Pyroprocess overall to be optimized energetically.
Dieses Ziel wird durch einen Durchlaufofen zum Brennen von keramischen Formteilen mit folgenden Merkmalen erreicht:
- Der Ofen weist eine Aufheiz-, eine Brenn- und eine Abkühlzone auf,
- von der Aufheizzone verläuft mindestens eine Rauchgasleitung in eine Verbrennungskammer,
- von der Verbrennungskammer führt mindestens eine Heißluftleitung zurück zur Aufheizzone,
- die Heißluftleitung verzweigt sich vor der Aufheizzone in mehrere Warmluftleitungen, die beabstandet zueinander in die Aufheizzone einmünden,
- in die Heißluftleitung und/oder die Warmluftleitungen münden Kaltluftleitungen ein.
- The oven has a heating, a burning and a cooling zone,
- at least one flue gas line runs from the heating zone into a combustion chamber,
- at least one hot air line leads from the combustion chamber back to the heating zone,
- the hot air line branches in front of the heating zone into a number of warm air lines which open into the heating zone at a distance from one another,
- cold air lines open into the hot air line and / or the warm air lines.
Ein solcher Durchlaufofen weist folgende Vorteile auf: aus der Aufheizzone wird an einer oder mehreren Stellen Heißluft abgezogen, die zum Beispiel mit gasförmigen Bindemittelanteilen beladen ist, die während der Aufheizphase der keramischen Formteile aus diesen ausgasen.Such a continuous furnace has the following advantages: The heating zone becomes hot air at one or more points deducted, for example with gaseous binder components is loaded during the heating phase of the ceramic Degas molded parts from these.
Die Verbrennungsgase werden anschließend einer Verbrennungskammer zugeleitet, dort verbrannt, so daß eine weitestgehend gereinigte Heißluft anschließend zur Aufheizzone zurückgeführt werden kann. Die Verbrennungskammer kann im Ofen, jedoch getrennt vom Ofenkanal, zum Beispiel unterhalb des Ofenkanals oder extern angeordnet werden.The combustion gases then become one Combustion chamber fed, burned there, so that one largely cleaned hot air then to the heating zone can be traced back. The combustion chamber can in the oven, but separate from the oven duct, for example below of the furnace duct or externally.
Die zurückgeführte Heißluft hat beispielsweise eine Temperatur von 600 bis 1.000° C und liegt damit deutlich oberhalb der Temperatur, die in der Aufheizzone benötigt wird.The recirculated hot air has a temperature, for example from 600 to 1,000 ° C and is therefore significantly above the temperature required in the heating zone.
Es kommt hinzu, daß die Temperatur in der Aufheizzone - in Transportrichtung des Brenngutes betrachtet - unterschiedlich (ansteigend) ist. In jedem Fall liegt aber üblicherweise die maximale Temperatur der Ofenatmosphäre in der Aufheizzone deutlich unterhalb der genannten 1.000° C, nämlich beispielsweise bei 600° C. In addition, the temperature in the heating zone - in Direction of transport of the firing material considered - different (increasing). In any case, however, is usually the maximum temperature of the furnace atmosphere in the heating zone well below the aforementioned 1,000 ° C, namely for example at 600 ° C.
Insoweit kommt dem Merkmal einer Kaltluftzufuhr in die Heißluftleitung beziehungsweise in die Warmluftleitungen eine besondere Bedeutung zu.In this respect, the characteristic of a cold air supply comes into the Hot air line or in the warm air lines a special meaning too.
Über die Temperatur und Menge und Art der zugeführten Kaltluft (Gas) kann nun einerseits die Temperatur der in die Aufheizzone zurückgeführten Luft eingestellt werden und andererseits ist gleichzeitig auch eine Beeinflussung der gewünschten Atmosphärenart (beispielsweise des Sauerstoffgehaltes der zugeführten Luft) über die Kaltluft möglich.About the temperature and amount and type of feed Cold air (gas) can now on the one hand the temperature of the in Heating zone and recirculated air can be set on the other hand, there is also an influence on the desired atmosphere type (for example the oxygen content of the supplied air) possible via the cold air.
Im Stand der Technik (DE 32 32 294 C1) wurde vorgeschlagen,
praktisch inerte Heißluft in den Ofen zurückzuführen. Diese,
unmittelbar aus einer Verbrennung stammende Heißluft ist jedoch
- wie dargestellt - einerseits zu heiß und entspricht
in ihrer Zusammensetzung vor allem nicht der gewünschten
Ofenatmosphäre.In the prior art (
Diese Mängel werden durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung vermieden.These shortcomings are solved by the solution according to the invention avoided.
Insbesondere die Tatsache, daß mehrere Warmluftleitungen beabstandet zueinander in die Aufheizzone zurückgeführt werden, ermöglicht es, ein dem jeweiligen Ofen angepaßtes Temperatur- und Atmosphärenprofil in der Aufheizzone einzustellen.In particular, the fact that several hot air ducts spaced apart from each other in the heating zone be made possible, one adapted to the respective furnace Set the temperature and atmosphere profile in the heating zone.
Dabei sieht eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung vor, die Warmluftleitungen - in Transportrichtung des Gutes betrachtet - hintereinander entlang der Aufheizzone anzuordnen, wobei zur Vergleichmäßigung der Ofenatmosphäre vorzugsweise eine beidseitige Warmluftzufuhr erfolgt. Selbstverständlich können alternativ oder ergänzend auch mehrere Warmluftleitungen vertikal übereinander in die Aufheizzone geführt werden, um über die Höhe des Ofenkanals eine gleichmäßige Warmluftzufuhr sicherzustellen.An embodiment of the invention provides that Warm air pipes - viewed in the transport direction of the goods - to be arranged one behind the other along the heating zone, preferably to homogenize the furnace atmosphere warm air is supplied from both sides. Of course can alternatively or additionally also several warm air pipes led vertically one above the other into the heating zone to be even over the height of the furnace duct Ensure warm air supply.
In den Fällen, in denen jeder Warmluftleitung eine eigene Kaltluftleitung zugeordnet wird, lassen sich die Temperatur und Atmosphäre der zurückgeführten Warmluft jeweils individuell einstellen.In cases where each hot air duct has its own Cold air line is assigned, the temperature and the atmosphere of the recirculated warm air individually to adjust.
Dabei sieht eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung vor, daß die aus den Kaltluftleitungen zugeführte Kaltluftmenge beziehungsweise ihre Temperatur regel- oder steuerbar ist, entsprechend einem vorwählbaren Temperatur-/Atmosphärenprofil für den Durchlaufofen.One embodiment of the invention provides that the amount of cold air supplied from the cold air lines or their temperature can be regulated or controlled accordingly a preselectable temperature / atmosphere profile for the continuous furnace.
Die Regelung beziehungsweise Steuerung kann beispielsweise für ein entsprechendes Ventil im Anschlußbereich der Kaltluftleitungen zu der jeweiligen Warmluftleitung erfolgen.The regulation or control can, for example for a corresponding valve in the connection area of the cold air lines to the respective hot air pipe.
Die externe Verbrennungskammer kann an geeigneter Stelle angeordnet werden und ist beispielsweise mit einem oder mehreren eigenen Brennern ausgerüstet. Etwaige Überschußluft kann über einen Schornstein weggeführt werden.The external combustion chamber can be in a suitable location are arranged and is for example with an or equipped with several own burners. Any excess air can be led away via a chimney.
Der Durchlaufofen selbst kann auf konventionelle Art und Weise energetisch versorgt werden, beispielsweise mit Gas oder elektrischen Heizelementen.The continuous furnace itself can be done in a conventional manner Be energetically supplied, for example with gas or electric heating elements.
Aufgrund des beschriebenen Kreislaufes und der Nachverbrennung energiehaltiger Rauchgase kann die Beheizung der Aufheizzone praktisch ohne Primärenergie erfolgen, so daß Brenner oder eine elektrische Beheizung in diesem Bereich nicht unbedingt notwendig sind. Because of the cycle described and the afterburning Energy-containing flue gases can be used to heat the Heating zone take place practically without primary energy, so that Burners or electrical heating in this area are not absolutely necessary.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche sowie den sonstigen Anmeldungsunterlagen.Further features of the invention result from the features of the subclaims and the other registration documents.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment explained in more detail.
Da der prinzipielle Aufbau des erfindungsgemäßen Durchlaufofens, beispielsweise seine feuerfeste Ausmauerung, ohne weiteres nach dem Stand der Technik erfolgen kann, zeigt die einzige Figur lediglich schematisch das Prinzip einer erfindungsgemäßen Ofenkonstruktion.Since the basic structure of the continuous furnace according to the invention, for example, its refractory lining without further can be done according to the prior art, shows only figure only schematically the principle of an inventive Oven construction.
Mit dem Bezugszeichen 10 ist ein Tunnelofen dargestellt, der
einen Ofeneingang 12, eine Aufheizzone 14, eine Brennzone 16
und eine Abkühlzone 18 sowie einen Ofenausgang 20 aufweist.
Der Transportweg des durch den Ofen 10 geführten Brenngutes
ist durch den Pfeil T dargestellt.A tunnel kiln is shown with the reference number 10
an
Von der Aufheizzone verläuft eine Rauchgasleitung 22 in eine
Verbrennungskammer 24, die mit einem Brenner 26 befeuert
wird.A
Von der Verbrennungskammer 24 verläuft eine Heißluftleitung
28 zurück in Richtung auf die Aufheizzone 14. Vor Eintritt
in die Aufheizzone 14 verzweigt sich die Heißluftleitung 28
jedoch in hier sechs Teilleitungen (Warmluftleitungen
genannt) und mit dem Bezugszeichen 30 gekennzeichnet. Die
Warmluftleitungen 30 münden jeweils paarweise von links und
rechts durch die Ofenwand in den Ofenkanal ein und sind auf
jeder Ofenseite in Transportrichtung T hintereinander angeordnet. A hot air line runs from the
Zu jeder Warmluftleitung 30 führt eine Kaltluftleitung 32,
wobei im Übergangsbereich jeweils ein Regelventil 34 angeordnet
ist, so daß die Menge der zugeführten Kaltluft eingestellt
werden kann. Ebenso ist natürlich auch die Temperatur
der den einzelnen Warmluftleitungen 30 zugeführten Kaltluft
individuell einstellbar.A
Auf diese Weise kann entlang der Aufheizzone 14 (in Transportrichtung T betrachtet) nicht nur sichergestellt werden, daß an der jeweiligen Ofenstelle Warmluft einer vorwählbaren Temperatur zugeführt wird, sondern gleichzeitig kann auch beispielsweise der Sauerstoffgehalt der so zugeführten Luft über die jeweilige Kaltluftmenge geregelt oder gesteuert werden. Dies ist gerade beim Brennen von sonderkeramischen Werkstoffen wie Weichferriten, die äußerst empfindlich auf Atmosphärenschwankungen reagieren, wichtig.In this way, along the heating zone 14 (in the transport direction T considered) not only be ensured that warm air of a preselectable at the respective furnace location Temperature is supplied, but at the same time can also for example the oxygen content of the air supplied in this way regulated or controlled via the respective amount of cold air will. This is especially true when firing special ceramic Materials like soft ferrites that are extremely sensitive to Responding to atmospheric fluctuations is important.
Um auch eine möglichst gleichmäßige Warmluftzufuhr über die
Höhe des Ofenkanals zu erreichen, ist es selbstverständlich
möglich, an einzelnen Stellen auch mehrere Warmluftleitungen
30 übereinander anzuordnen.To ensure that the warm air supply is as uniform as possible via the
It goes without saying that reaching the height of the furnace duct
possible, in several places also several
Claims (10)
- Continuous furnace for firing ceramic molded parts having the following features:1.1 a pre-heating zone (14), a firing zone (16), and a cooling zone (18),1.2 at least one combustion gas duct (22) extends from the said pre-heating zone (14) into a combustion chamber (24),1.3 at least one hot air duct (28) leads back from the said combustion chamber (24) to the said pre-heating zone (14),1.4 the said hot air duct (28) branches in front of the said pre-heating zone (14) into a plurality of warm air ducts (30), which open into the said pre-heating zone (14) at spaced locations from one another,1.5 cold air ducts (32) open into at least one of the said hot air duct (28) and the said warm air ducts (30).
- Continuous furnace in accordance with claim 1, in which a separate cold air duct (32) is associated with each of said warm air duct (30).
- Continuous furnace in accordance with claim 1 or 2, in which the amount of cold air fed in from the said cold air ducts (32) can be regulated or controlled.
- Continuous furnace in accordance with claim 3, in which a regulation or control valve (34) is arranged in the junction area of the said cold air ducts (32) to the said respective warm air ducts (30).
- Continuous furnace in accordance with one of the claims 1 through 4, in which the said combustion chamber (24) is provided with burners (26).
- Continuous furnace in accordance with one of the claims 1 through 5, in which the said pre-heating zone (14) is free from burners or electric heating means.
- Continuous furnace in accordance with one of the claims 1 through 6, in which the said warm air ducts (30) open into both opposing side walls of the furnace.
- Continuous furnace in accordance with one of the claims 1 through 7, in which the said warm air ducts (30) are arranged one behind the other when viewed in the direction of transportation (T) of the ceramic molded parts.
- Continuous furnace in accordance with one of the claims 1 through 8, in which the said warm air ducts (30) open into the said pre-heating zone (14) at different distances from the bottom of the furnace.
- Continuous furnace in accordance with one of the claims 1 through 8, in which the combustion chamber is arranged under the bottom of the furnace channel.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4420295 | 1994-06-10 | ||
| DE4420295A DE4420295C1 (en) | 1994-06-10 | 1994-06-10 | Continuous furnace |
| PCT/DE1995/000778 WO1995034793A2 (en) | 1994-06-10 | 1995-06-09 | Continuous furnace |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0717830A1 EP0717830A1 (en) | 1996-06-26 |
| EP0717830B1 true EP0717830B1 (en) | 1998-09-16 |
Family
ID=6520263
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95921694A Expired - Lifetime EP0717830B1 (en) | 1994-06-10 | 1995-06-09 | Continuous furnace |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6116894A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0717830B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3047192B2 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2668195A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4420295C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995034793A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL1007623C2 (en) * | 1997-11-26 | 1999-05-31 | Dijk Heating B V Van | Device for heating fluid. |
| DE69841628D1 (en) * | 1997-12-02 | 2010-06-02 | Corning Inc | Method for firing ceramic honeycomb structures |
| ID25605A (en) † | 1997-12-22 | 2000-10-19 | Corning Inc | BURNING METHOD OF CERAMIC BEES, CERAMIC OVEN AND TUNNEL OVEN USED |
| NZ523920A (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2005-11-25 | Fonterra Co Operative Group | Methods for extracting lipids from diary products using a near critical phase fluid |
| WO2006114790A2 (en) | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-02 | Enzymotec Ltd. | Polar lipid mixtures, their preparation and uses |
| US8046932B2 (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2011-11-01 | Usnr/Kockums Cancar Company | Method and apparatus for inhibiting pitch formation in the wet seal exhaust duct of a veneer dryer |
| US8196310B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2012-06-12 | Usnr/Kockums Cancar Company | Method and apparatus for controlling cooling temperature and pressure in wood veneer jet dryers |
| US20090206500A1 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-20 | Michael Maguire | Pre-heated combustion air in treating ceramic components |
| CN103180269A (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2013-06-26 | 住友化学株式会社 | Method for producing fired body and firing furnace used therefor |
| US9080235B2 (en) | 2012-04-17 | 2015-07-14 | Jamar International Corporation | Composition and method for diffusion alloying of ferrocarbon workpiece |
| ITRE20120058A1 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-03-22 | Sacmi Forni Spa | OVEN FOR CONTINUOUS COOKING OF BRICKS ON CASSETTE SUPPORTS |
| DE102013010885A1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-22 | Eisenmann Ag | Process for sintering sintered workpieces and installation therefor |
| CN104359309B (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2017-01-18 | 深圳市时代高科技设备股份有限公司 | Fully-automatic vacuum preheating furnace |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE736398C (en) * | 1938-03-03 | 1943-06-15 | Heimsoth Vollmer Dressler G M | Tunnel furnace for the production of insulating bricks |
| US2750680A (en) * | 1952-08-02 | 1956-06-19 | Oxy Catalyst Inc | Method for treating materials |
| FR1255054A (en) * | 1960-01-21 | 1961-03-03 | Stein & Roubaix | Improvement in furnaces for heating metals at high temperature, by direct flame, without oxidation |
| US3437321A (en) * | 1966-05-27 | 1969-04-08 | B & K Machinery Int Ltd | Regenerative paint drying system for continuous strip |
| ES375321A1 (en) * | 1969-01-10 | 1972-05-01 | S C E I Societa Construzioni E | Improvements in systems for the heating of continuous ovens. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| US3606279A (en) * | 1969-10-08 | 1971-09-20 | United States Steel Corp | Apparatus for heat treating a sheet |
| US3787171A (en) * | 1972-06-15 | 1974-01-29 | Hunter Eng Co | Closed loop, inert atmosphere, paint line oven heat source |
| US4140467A (en) * | 1975-06-09 | 1979-02-20 | Kenneth Ellison | Convection oven and method of drying solvents |
| JPS53104610A (en) * | 1977-02-08 | 1978-09-12 | Shinagawa Refractories Co | Tunnel kilns for reheating carbonaceous material impregnated with tar and pitch |
| US4133636A (en) * | 1977-06-30 | 1979-01-09 | Blu-Surf, Inc. | Tentor |
| FR2420109A2 (en) * | 1978-03-13 | 1979-10-12 | Machinery International Ltd Bk | Heat treatment oven for workpiece giving off coating solvent - has several zones from which gases are removed continuously, and incinerator at upstream zone |
| DE3232294C1 (en) * | 1982-08-31 | 1983-12-29 | Rudolf 5160 Düren Brands | Process and equipment for sintering ceramic mouldings, in particular soft ferrites |
| US4503018A (en) * | 1983-02-14 | 1985-03-05 | Davy Mckee Corporation | Desulfurization of phosphogypsum |
| US4662840A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1987-05-05 | Hunter Engineering (Canada) Ltd. | Indirect fired oven system for curing coated metal products |
| DE3632918A1 (en) * | 1986-09-27 | 1988-06-09 | Haessler Andreas | Tunnel kiln with bypass afterburning |
| JP2543565B2 (en) * | 1988-03-31 | 1996-10-16 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Tunnel furnace used for firing ceramics |
| DE3908758C1 (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1990-04-19 | Hans Lingl Anlagenbau Und Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh & Co Kg, 7910 Neu-Ulm, De | Tunnel furnace for baking light bricks |
| DE3923887A1 (en) * | 1989-07-19 | 1991-01-24 | Manfred Leisenberg Kg | Tunnel furnace for firing ceramics - with decomposition toxic gases withdrawn and reheated to ensure complete burning before being exhausted to atmos. |
| JP2859987B2 (en) * | 1991-12-24 | 1999-02-24 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Temperature control device for continuous firing furnace |
-
1994
- 1994-06-10 DE DE4420295A patent/DE4420295C1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-06-09 US US08/596,154 patent/US6116894A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-09 AU AU26681/95A patent/AU2668195A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-06-09 JP JP8501472A patent/JP3047192B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-09 EP EP95921694A patent/EP0717830B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-09 WO PCT/DE1995/000778 patent/WO1995034793A2/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1995034793A3 (en) | 1996-01-18 |
| AU2668195A (en) | 1996-01-05 |
| US6116894A (en) | 2000-09-12 |
| EP0717830A1 (en) | 1996-06-26 |
| WO1995034793A2 (en) | 1995-12-21 |
| JP3047192B2 (en) | 2000-05-29 |
| JPH09502012A (en) | 1997-02-25 |
| DE4420295C1 (en) | 1995-10-26 |
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