WO2023000995A1 - 基于物联网的运输飞梭及飞梭交通系统 - Google Patents

基于物联网的运输飞梭及飞梭交通系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023000995A1
WO2023000995A1 PCT/CN2022/104478 CN2022104478W WO2023000995A1 WO 2023000995 A1 WO2023000995 A1 WO 2023000995A1 CN 2022104478 W CN2022104478 W CN 2022104478W WO 2023000995 A1 WO2023000995 A1 WO 2023000995A1
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shuttle
transportation
control
traffic
intelligent
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PCT/CN2022/104478
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈中瑞
陈景超
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陈中瑞
陈景超
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Publication of WO2023000995A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023000995A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B1/00—General arrangement of stations, platforms, or sidings; Railway networks; Rail vehicle marshalling systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of transportation, transportation equipment and transportation systems, in particular to land intelligent transportation equipment and intelligent shuttle transportation systems based on the Internet of Things, as well as intelligent transportation, rail transportation, shuttles, passenger transportation, freight transportation, Internet of Things, Internet, communication network, big data, unmanned driving, unmanned control, fully automatic joint control, magnetic levitation, magnetic drive, transportation mode, risk factors and risk isolation, risk assessment and pre-judgment control, accident reduction, 24/7 operation, Safety protection, fire fighting, vehicle maintenance, vehicle management, road management, driver training, new energy applications, energy saving, environmental protection, resource optimization utilization, military, police and civilian sharing, intelligent operation and optimization of routes, cloud payment, parking, sensing, positioning , rescue channel, automatic call linkage, identification, target locking, control of detention, social security and other fields.
  • the current transportation system (the transportation system mentioned in this article refers to the land transportation system, referred to as TS) mainly includes two types (collectively referred to as 2TS): TTS (traditional transportation system, Traditional Traffic System), ITS (Intelligent Transportation System, Intelligent Traffic System).
  • 2TS traditional transportation system, Traditional Traffic System
  • ITS Intelligent Traffic System
  • 2TS framework setting The macro framework mode of 2TS and the vehicles it covers is the traffic control intersection mode, that is, high-speed and high-risk transport vehicles, traffic police, traffic signs, facilities, etc. that control traffic safety and order, as well as other vehicles, Drivers, pedestrians, weather, and even small animals are all on the open road, and their trajectories intersect and affect each other.
  • 2TS constituent elements The constituent elements of 2TS are four aspects: people, vehicles, roads and environment. Strongly related subdivision factors include: road network, vehicles, drivers, passengers, pedestrians, traffic police, signal lights, traffic signs, monitoring facilities, security protection, public places (only refers to densely populated areas related to traffic. For example, traffic hubs, Railway stations, subway stations, bus terminals, some bus stations and vehicles, etc.), vehicle management, driver training, supporting services, traffic regulations, etc.
  • ITS and TTS have obvious homogeneity. ITS simply and partially embeds intelligent functions and facilities in vehicles and roads in terms of convenience, such as electronic payment, traffic information applications, and GPS positioning, on the premise that the traditional road network form, vehicle basic structure and transportation mode remain unchanged. , some data collection, etc. Parking and driving are still manual driving, every family owns a car, and travels by car. It does not take into account the important links that cause traffic bottlenecks (number of travelers, vehicle ownership, traffic load, etc.), and instead of solving them, it is increasingly Traffic problems such as traffic congestion and derivative problems have been aggravated (see the second edition of "China Intelligent Transportation System System Framework").
  • 2TS has taken measures such as one-way, line restriction, number restriction, purchase restriction, speed limit, entry restriction for non-local vehicles, green travel, car-free day, road widening, intelligentization, subway construction, elevated roads, etc., which play a significant role in solving problems, improving transportation and developing the economy To a great effect.
  • Example 1 In 2018, the morning rush hour comfort index of the Beijing subway reached a maximum of 9.7, which is at an extremely uncomfortable level (source: "2019 Beijing Traffic Development Annual Report”).
  • Example 2 from 18:45 to 18:50 on June 25, 2021, the traffic index of Beijing's entire road network is 8.1, which is at an extremely uncomfortable level, and the average speed of each mode of transportation is 21.2km/h (source: Beijing Municipal Transportation Commission official website ).
  • Example 1 There were 244,937 traffic accidents across the country in 2018, with 63,194 deaths, 258,532 injuries, and a direct property loss of 1,384,559 million yuan (source: "2019 China Statistical Yearbook”).
  • Example 2 the total number of deaths worldwide is 1.35 million per year (source: WHO released on December 7, 2018).
  • empty load refers to the ratio of empty seats or empty loads to the load when the vehicle is running), and it is caused by road congestion, waiting for signals, and low fuel conversion rate.
  • the transportation method is collection and distribution, and the transportation process is relay type;
  • the collection and distribution type is manifested in two aspects: the station terminus and the large-scale vehicles, and the station design is in a form and layout that matches the collection and distribution type ;
  • the relay type is expressed as: (individual passengers or bulk cargo) starting from the starting point - gathering at the starting terminal - starting by car (most of them have temporary stops in the middle) - arriving at the final terminal - transfer and diversion (possibly more times)——arrive at their respective destinations, and most of them depart at regular intervals and on fixed routes.
  • the passenger flow at the terminus is too large, which increases the total passenger traffic; there are many public places, and public health and public security incidents are prone to occur; most passengers or goods are forced to stop, accompany, transfer, detour, and travel for a long time , There are many invalid times, and the huge individual time cost is seriously wasted and ignored; low speed, small capacity, traffic congestion, frequent accidents, low efficiency, high time cost, and serious waste of resources; the risk model is complex; the real one-stop cannot be realized direct.
  • one-stop direct delivery includes two meanings of transportation mode (referring to technical solutions) and/or transportation effects (referring to program effects), and the specific meaning depends on the context.
  • Note 2 the one-stop non-stop that people often say and the one-stop non-stop used in the present invention are completely different in mode and effect: the former is that all passengers get on the bus collectively from the terminus, and get off collectively at the terminus, but there is no difference between getting on the station and getting off the station.
  • the departure station and terminal station of passengers It is usually not the departure station and terminal station of passengers, and most of them need to transfer; the latter is an individual passenger who starts from any nearest individual passenger station and gets off at another individual passenger station, and the terminal station is the terminal station , There is no need to transfer between the originating station and the terminal station, and the latter is a real one-stop direct connection.
  • Specific areas refer to all densely populated areas such as sea, land and air hubs such as airport terminals, train station bus terminals, subway entrances, large shopping malls, CBD, large scenic spots, important scenic spots or amusement parks, parks, and large residential areas; vehicle manufacturing, Management, maintenance, cleaning, transportation system operation and maintenance and other related areas; hospitals, schools and kindergartens, government, military garrisons, police garrisons and other important areas; smaller spaces such as buildings, homes or wards; other areas that need to be connected.
  • Risks of manual driving including but not limited to: fatigue driving, drunk driving, road rage, running a red light and other violations of laws and regulations, as well as insufficient operation accuracy and persistence, easier misoperation in new road conditions or road sections, and difficult pre-processing Wait.
  • Characteristics and problems of monitoring facilities Focus on recording the facts of drivers and vehicles breaking the law, which is a non-continuous distribution. As a result: it is impossible to comprehensively analyze, actively predict, correct deviations or prevent mistakes in advance, and cannot provide drivers with safe and reliable real-time information in advance.
  • Fuel is the energy source of most vehicles, and its energy efficiency is low. Causes: combustion produces air pollution, greenhouse effect, and noise pollution; fuel oil is polluted in every link from mining, refining, storage, transportation, and use, with many pollution links, wide spread, and serious pollution.
  • Transport shuttle a brand-new intelligent transportation equipment, also known as shuttle system, referred to as shuttle.
  • the shuttle transportation system is a new intelligent transportation system that integrates the shuttle into integrated management and control, is safe, high-speed and green, and is referred to as the shuttle transportation, or STS.
  • the road network and vehicles have different standards, different quality, and high maintenance costs.
  • Traffic pressure is increasing. That is, there are many types of vehicles (note: the present invention does not involve special vehicles and non-zero-load trucks), a large number of vehicles (especially private vehicles), excessive growth rate, and too many types of vehicles, which make roads more and more prone to congestion and congestion.
  • the speed is getting slower and slower, the traffic pressure is increasing, and the various problems derived from it are also increasing and becoming more and more serious.
  • 2TS management and control lacks data, predictability, precedence, immediacy and effectiveness. That is, there is a lack of data collection, analysis, and prediction on the flow of people, road conditions, vehicle conditions, and road network in advance, and there is a lack of proactive prevention, diversion, and error-proof measures to prevent traffic congestion, and it is also impossible to provide safe and fast optimization for each vehicle travel. Program.
  • Priority rights and/or franchise rights cannot be effectively guaranteed. That is, regardless of the priority of the transported object, it is subject to the existing traffic system and the road conditions at that time, so that although it has the right, it is difficult to implement.
  • One transportation subject refers to the shuttleway system, in which the pipe-rail network is fully closed or semi-closed (full-line closed or semi-closed, referred to as fully closed or closed), interchanged, and the shuttle is unmanned with magnetic suspension (note : Magnetic suspension drive is the abbreviation of magnetic suspension and magnetic drive), the shuttle system is a key breakthrough in the entire STS framework, making it possible to solve peak bottlenecks and traffic pressure; the three intelligent control linkages are the command and control system, data system, and emergency system , which ensures the safe, efficient and optimal operation of the transport subject. When the overall STS is running, all of them are in non-manual mode. Form a fully enclosed, all-day, all-weather, unlimited speed, intelligent control, driverless, one-stop direct traffic mode.
  • This technical solution provides the direction for the entry points of the following technical solutions and provides guarantee for the feasibility of the implementation of the technical solutions.
  • STS and 2TS coexist, STS mainly transports passengers and small cargo that can be transported separately, 2TS mainly transports large cargo, and complements each other.
  • Pipelines and shuttles form a complete shuttleway system, forming the hard body of protection and transportation. This is the transportation body and frame core of STS. It not only isolates risks, but also improves the speed of vehicles and provides berths and hardware space.
  • the composition of STS The elements are therefore reduced to the pipe rail system, shuttle, passenger and cargo, wired and wireless channels, and intelligent control system, and there is no crossing of moving trajectories between the elements, to solve technical problems Articles 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17 and newly added Function Articles 5 and 8.
  • the shuttle is a lightweight and miniature streamlined transportation device with standard modularization. It removes most of the multifunctional systems on traditional vehicles (such as direction, power, speed change, drive, brake, suspension, wheels and spare tires, fuel tanks, heat dissipation, exhaust, exterior lights, various mechanical linkages, engine boxes and trunks, etc.) The weight and volume are reduced by about 80% compared with traditional cars; Internal security system, identification system, shuttle internal communication system, shuttle internal intelligent control system, wiring harness system, and seat system; the shuttle is an integral part of the general inventive concept of STS, and the shuttle is controlled by the intelligent control system of STS.
  • Passenger shuttle and cargo shuttle are divided; the passenger shuttle load does not exceed 4 people and the optimized load is 1+1 people, private special rides and voluntary carpooling are available to minimize the empty load rate; cargo shuttles can be quickly loaded with miniature containers or bulk cargo, Load limited cargo; the shuttle can enter a specific area, especially a small space area, the shuttle can be connected end to end, magnetically suspended, unmanned; the shuttle's driving route and speed can be adjusted and dynamically changed in real time due to changes in road conditions, and the route and speed Based on the principle of shortest time, non-stop and optimal system resources, the intelligent control system judges and commands; the shuttle is the main body of STS transportation and the core of the framework, solving technical problems No. 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 14, 18 , 22, 23, 24 and new features 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12.
  • Joint intelligent control Using the information communication network based on the Internet of Things + Internet + communication network + big data, it connects the components of STS such as energy, pipelines, shuttles, passengers, central control and peripheral services to form a The joint intelligent control system combines control and service softly. Among them, the intelligent central control system communicates with each part of the system in real time, sends instructions to each element and obtains feedback information from each element, and then fully automatically regulates and jointly controls each IoT in the whole system.
  • the terminal ensures the coordinated operation of all components of the STS; moreover, the intelligent control system makes judgments based on the principles of the shuttle’s driving route and speed with the shortest time, non-stopping, and optimal system resources, and optimizes non-stopping routes, vehicle speeds, and traffic system-related resources in real time
  • the utilization and balance of the shuttle provide instructions for the shuttle, so that the running state and vehicle condition of each shuttle are the comprehensive results of the interaction between the shuttle and the running state of the shuttle within a certain range, and it is also the operation command issued by the intelligent control system.
  • Based on the basis make the shuttle and other elements of STS a real-time interactive response mode, solve technical problems Articles 6, 16, 17, 19, 24 and new functions Articles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12.
  • Unmanned driving through the Internet of Things sensing, communication technology, intelligent traffic control methods, fully automatic intelligent control, and driving the flying shuttle to respond in real time to various operating instructions caused by the vehicle and other flying shuttles, to realize the unmanned flying shuttle Driving parking and emergency response, and enabling the luggage shuttle or/and companion passenger shuttle to accompany and arrive at the same time, solve technical problems Articles 5, 11, 13, 18, 20, 24 and new functions Articles 2, 7, and 8 .
  • De-consolidated transportation Decentralized terminus, de-collected and distributed transportation methods, combined with shuttle and one-stop direct technical solutions, canceled public places with dense passengers, cut off the cause chain of public health and public safety incidents, and made accidents more likely. Zero, increase privacy, solve technical issues 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 24.
  • Intelligent monitoring of the whole system Take measures such as shuttle monitoring, road network monitoring, and road condition diagnosis to carry out real-time monitoring, analysis, prediction of road and vehicle conditions, real-time response, optimized route, automatic scheduling, automatic billing and charging, etc. Optimize and temporarily respond to the shuttle path, implement multiple error-proofing measures, and solve technical problems Articles 6, 16, 17, 19, 20, and 24 and Article 8 of new functions.
  • Standard modules standard modules such as pipe rails, flying shuttles, overpasses, maintenance, etc., through simple splicing, connect road sections, districts, cities, intercity, countries and regions without boundaries, and solve technical problems No. 1, 8, and 24 articles.
  • the intelligent control system automatically adjusts the speed without limiting the speed according to the road conditions, automatically optimizes the high speed, can be as high as possible, minimizes the time on the way, and solves technical problems No. 1 and No. 3 , 4, 6, 11, 16, 18, 20, 24.
  • Online parking Online driving during busy hours and online parking during idle times, so that the car is not offline, maximizes the use of pipeline space, cancels ground parking spaces, solves technical problems 21 and 24, and adds new features 5.
  • Electric energy Distribute power stations along the pipeline, lay lines, provide power energy for the shuttle transportation system and keep cleaning it, and solve technical problems Articles 9 and 24.
  • Magnetic Suspension Drive Install magnetic poles in the shuttle and the pipeline respectively, and cooperate with each other to form a magnetic suspension drive and magnetic brake to obtain good controllability and reliability, and solve technical problems No. 9, 11, 16, 22, 24 strip.
  • the shuttle is equipped with a health monitoring device, which has an emergency help function, and automatically monitors the health signs of passengers on the way.
  • a health monitoring device which has an emergency help function, and automatically monitors the health signs of passengers on the way.
  • the green channel will be opened immediately to accelerate to the appropriate hospital, and the hospital’s emergency center and guardian will be notified simultaneously.
  • the guardian's phone is forcibly connected, and when non-emergency medical treatment is required, the passenger can choose the priority of medical treatment, solve technical problems Article 20 and new function Article 11.
  • Transportation priority privileges give different levels of privileges to special needs personnel such as soldiers, police, medical staff, patients, students, public officials, etc., to ensure that they get on first, first, fast delivery, solve technical problems Article 20 and new function 1 strip.
  • Special control system Use special measures such as remote automatic locking and tracking, locking the car door, and forcibly changing the destination. When necessary, control and deliver specific personnel to solve the new features 2 and 9.
  • Big data Automatically complete the identification, collection, statistics and analysis of data such as identification, trajectory query, travel data, shuttle distribution, personnel distribution, shuttle utilization rate, etc., and push travel density and other information for travelers in real time. Convenient services such as travel time suggestions and car reservations solve the third new feature.
  • Automatic fire identification and response lock the location of the fire, clear the nearby shuttle, activate the automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing device in the pipeline, immediately target the fire, activate the fire emergency plan such as fire alarm, and equip the pipeline and the shuttle Fire extinguishing equipment, addressing new feature 6.
  • Non-fixed green channel In case of emergency, a certain lane will be automatically cleared immediately, and the emergency lane will be changed in seconds to realize barrier-free ultra-high-speed passage, which solves the seventh new function.
  • Error prevention use various error prevention measures such as pipeline isolation and shuttle anti-collision to solve the eighth new function.
  • Warning reminder Real-time monitoring of whether the seat belts of the passengers before and during the movement of the shuttle are fastened, and it is forbidden to open it at medium and high speeds, or voice reminders or warnings when it is opened, or even remotely intervene in the nearby forced parking, to solve the new Function Article 9.
  • Cloud payment free ticket purchase and payment process, automatic billing and settlement, solve the 12th new function.
  • the intelligent control system automatically controls the entire STS, eliminating the risk of manual driving, breaking the traditional speed bottleneck, and realizing global, all-weather, all-weather, unlimited speed driving, unattended, unmanned, Optimized routes, non-stop, non-stop, private delivery, one-stop direct, the time cost is reduced to the greatest extent, and the invalid time tends to zero.
  • Public events Fundamentally cancel the existing public places and distribution mode of transportation, making travel safer, healthier and more private. It not only saves resources, but also prevents the outbreak, uncontrollable or out-of-control of public health incidents (such as close infection of the new crown), and the flow adjustment, elimination and control can be completed automatically in real time; at the same time, it prevents public safety incidents and makes them zero .
  • Free ticketing and cloud payment greatly facilitate travel, save resources, reduce waste and pollution.
  • taking the STS is "spending the bus fare and taking the unmanned shuttle". It is economical, fast, comfortable, not tired, and protects privacy. , refueling, charging, maintenance, vehicle inspection, berth, parking, maintenance, etc. to worry about spending money, not to mention travel safety.
  • STS As far as STS is concerned, it can be greatly reduced: length of travel, invalid time, drivers, police, road management personnel, berth occupation, road occupation, driver training, vehicle inventory, vehicle management, and vehicle industry chain links , oil related links, traffic accidents, loss of life and property, waste of resources, etc., the economic benefits generated by saving alone are difficult to estimate.
  • New business format Based on the Internet of Things + Internet + communication network + big data, this invention integrates the shuttle with road networks, services, urban planning and other industries, defines and innovates a transportation shuttle based on the Internet of Things and
  • the shuttle transportation system is a new form of transportation and a new concept for global green travel and green consumption.
  • Feishuo and STS will be the leaders and makers of the world's traffic rules in the future. While developing their own economies, they can also provide technical and economic support to the world. They will solve the world's traffic problems and create new opportunities for the world's traffic and economic development. Inestimable value.
  • Global sharing This invention belongs to the future human transportation equipment and its supporting transportation system infrastructure. Its function and significance are similar to the Internet and GPS in the United States, Beidou and 5G in China. As a part of the community of shared future for centuries, it can be implemented globally, open up the traffic network between countries, realize a new future traffic order of global unity, resource sharing, and global access, and then bring huge benefits to all civilization.
  • Flying shuttle effect Since the construction of flying shuttles and flying shuttles involves a wide range of traffic, on a global scale, it will reduce resource mining, processing, transportation, and consumption, and reduce other pollution in industries such as processing, manufacturing, and transportation of products related to various vehicles. , will lead to a large-scale green revolution in many industries, enterprises or processes related to transportation with high pollution, high energy consumption and high resource input, thus triggering a series of cross-industry, multi-industry, multi-directional, global green actions , produce a chain reaction, form a shuttle effect, and promote great changes in various industries, levels, and links.
  • Figure 1 Only show the main components of the STS system and the schematic diagrams of the logical relationship required to realize the functions, and do not show the details of the structure and the relationship between positions.
  • the number 00 in Figure 3 is only the temporary code of the area STS, and the range it covers can be large or small, and it is a nested combination as shown in Figure 2.
  • Regional STS can be section STS, area STS, city STS, intercity STS, and national STS.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the STS macro and the logical relationship between the fathers; in Figure 1, 1 Shedway System, 2 Control System, 3 Emergency System, 4 Data System; Figure 1 shows the STS macro composition.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the basic composition of STS and the logical relationship between the main sub-systems and grand-grandson systems; International service system, 21 energy system, 22 intelligent control system, 23 communication system, 24 service system, 25 security system, 31 emergency system, 41 data system; Figure 2 shows the smallest unit of STS.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the logical relationship between the intercity or international composition of STS and the main sub-systems and grand-grandson systems; in Figure 3, STS in area 00, pipe rail system 11, shuttle system 12, and interchange system , 2402 intercity service system, 21 energy system, 22 intelligent control system, 23 communication system, 24 service system, 25 security system, 31 emergency system, 41 data system; The combined area STS and the logical relationship between different area STS.
  • the best implementation mode of the present invention is: the passenger shuttle load is 1+1 people, the global unified standard module, the design speed upper limit threshold is as high as possible, the station is as many as possible and implanted in a specific area, then its best implementation mode is as follows.
  • the hard body is mainly the hardware required for protection and transportation. It is the main part to realize the transportation function of STS.
  • One of the main functions protective shuttle and soft combination, realized by the pipeline system 1101; the second main function: automatic transportation of passengers and goods , realized by the shuttle system 12.
  • Soft combination mainly manifested as the software and services required for control and service, is the peripheral part that guarantees the automatic operation of the STS transportation body.
  • One of the main functions is to control the automatic operation of the shuttle and the communication and data acquisition between various parts.
  • the control system 22, the communication system 23, and the data system 41 are jointly completed;
  • the second main function is to provide support services such as energy, security, emergency and service for the entire STS, which is composed of the energy system 21, the security system 25, the emergency system 31, and the service system 24 Finish.
  • the shuttleway system 1 provides the framework for all facilities of the road network and carries passengers and goods.
  • the control system 2 controls and guarantees the automatic operation of all systems.
  • the data system 4 processes all data information, and the data is used by the control and protection system 2.
  • the shuttle traffic is divided into two parts.
  • One is the shuttleway system 1 that constitutes the main body of STS transportation, and the other is the control system 2, emergency system 3 and data system 4 that constitute the STS intelligent control linkage, which supports the STS. and protection.
  • control and protection system 2 automatically controls the shed system 1 and the data system 4 to complete the coordinated operation of the three major fathers, and the three are in the mode of interactive feedback, correction, instruction, response, deviation correction and storage.
  • the emergency system 3 starts, and the control and protection system 2 automatically controls the coordinated operation of the four major parent systems of the shed system 1, the emergency system 3, and the data system 4, and there is an interactive feedback, correction, instruction, and response between the four , Correction and storage mode.
  • the pipe rail system 11 provides space for the shuttle system 12 to travel, and provides space for other systems to lay out hardware.
  • the shuttle system 12 runs in the tube-rail system 11 to transport passengers or goods.
  • the energy system 21 provides energy for the entire STS.
  • the intelligent control system 22 sends instructions to each part of the STS through the communication system 23, and coordinates the operation.
  • the communication system 23 is the communication center between the intelligent control system 22 and various parts of the STS, and provides applications for everyone's dialogue and man-machine dialogue.
  • the service system 24 provides relevant services for the pipe rail system 11, the shuttle system 12 and passengers.
  • the safety system 25 provides safety measures and guarantees for the rail system 11, the shuttle system 12 and passengers.
  • the emergency system 31 provides an emergency response for the pipe rail system 11, the shuttle system 12, and passengers in emergency situations.
  • the data system 41 processes the data of the entire system through the communication system 23, and the data serves as the basis for the instruction and coordination of the intelligent control system 22.
  • the main system components include the pipeline rail system 11, the shuttle system 12, the station system 2401, the interchange system 1103 (when there is an intersection), and the intercity service system 2402 (when there is an intercity pipeline rail)
  • the shedway system 1 in Figure 1 is the smallest module for STS operation.
  • the pipe rail system 11 provides space for the driving track, route and other hardware laid out along the shuttle system 12.
  • the shuttle system 12 is a transportation device for carrying passengers or goods.
  • the station system 2401 is distributed in the appropriate position of the pipe rail system 11.
  • the system 1103 is deployed at all intersections, and the intercity service system 2402 is distributed on the intercity sections of the pipe rail system 11 .
  • main systems such as energy system 21, intelligent control system 22, communication system 23, service system 24, and security system 25 constitute the control and protection system 2 in Fig. 1 .
  • the energy system 21 provides power support for all systems
  • the intelligent control system 22 is the control center of all systems
  • the communication system 23 is the communication center between each system
  • the intelligent control system 22 communicates with other systems through the communication system 23.
  • Communication and control the service system 24 provides various normal and temporary service guarantees for the system
  • the security system 25 provides guarantees for reducing various security incidents.
  • the emergency system 31 On the lower side of the small dotted line box on the right side of FIG. 2 , the emergency system 31 constitutes the emergency system 3 in FIG. 1 .
  • the emergency system 31 handles various emergency events.
  • the data system 41 On the lower side of the small dotted box on the right side of FIG. 2 , the data system 41 constitutes the data system 4 in FIG. 1 .
  • the data system 41 handles all data information, including collection, analysis and storage.
  • the pipeline system 1101 isolates the moving shuttle from the outside world, and provides layout space for the shuttle system 12, the magnetic track system 1102, the interchange system 1103, the station system 1104, the pipeline sensor system 1105, the wiring system 1106, the escape route 1107, etc. and protection.
  • the magnetic rail system 1102 provides a running track for the flying shuttle, and works together with the suspension drive system 1202 to form magnetic buoyancy and magnetic driving force to support, drive and brake the flying shuttle.
  • the interchange system 1103 is distributed at all intersections in the pipeline system 1101, so that there is no parking at the intersection.
  • the station system 1104 is distributed in appropriate positions of the pipeline system 1101 to provide space for shuttles to dock, passengers to get on and off or load and unload goods.
  • the pipeline sensor system 1105 is distributed in appropriate positions of the pipeline system 1101, and senses road conditions, vehicle conditions, vehicle speed, parking spaces, routes and other information alone or together with the sensor system 1208 in the shuttle.
  • the wiring system 1106 is laid in the pipeline system 1101, including energy, communication, intelligent control and other lines, and transmits power, data, instructions, etc. respectively.
  • the escape channel 1107 is isolated from the driving track, and is used for escape or entry and exit of relevant personnel such as emergency escape, inspection and maintenance, and accident handling.
  • the shuttle body system 1201 provides space for arranging other grandchildren of the shuttle system 12, transporting passengers or goods, including car doors and escape hatches. It has a shape that is conducive to reducing wind resistance, miniaturization of passenger shuttle and cargo shuttle (passenger shuttle load does not exceed 4 people and optimizes the load of 1+1 people, private rides can be used, voluntary carpooling is possible, and the empty load rate is minimized; cargo shuttle limited load), lightweight, intelligent, magnetic suspension drive, driverless.
  • the status information of the shuttle obtained by the sensor system 1208 in the shuttle and the sensor system 1105 of the pipeline, through the communication system 1211 and the communication system 23 in the shuttle, conducts information intelligent interaction with the intelligent control system 22, and then the intelligent control system 22 makes various Instructions act on the shuttle and other systems to make them appear in different states to complete functions such as passenger loading and unloading, cargo loading and unloading, driving, route optimization, braking, parking, etc., to achieve one-stop direct access.
  • the magnetic suspension driving system 1202 interacts with the magnetic track system 1102 to complete the suspension, driving and stopping actions such as shuttle suspension driving and magnetic braking.
  • the backup driving system 1203 provides short-term backup driving for the shuttle system 12 during maintenance or emergency.
  • the positioning system 1204 in the shuttle determines the precise position of the shuttle together with the sensing system 1208 and the pipeline sensing system 1105, and transmits it to the intelligent control system 22; the front and rear vehicles sensed by the positioning system 1204 and the pipeline sensing system 1105
  • the distance information and the related information of the safety system 25 are transmitted to the intelligent control system 22 through the communication system 1211 and the communication system 23 in the shuttle.
  • anti-collision measures such as acceleration and deceleration, braking, parking, etc.).
  • the air conditioning system 1205 and the lighting system 1206 respectively realize the adjustment functions of the temperature, oxygen content and lighting in the shuttle.
  • the audio-visual interactive system 1207 provides passengers with personal or interactive entertainment audio and video, and realizes man-machine dialogue with the intelligent control system 22, or communicates with STS staff, medical staff, friends, guardians, etc.
  • the sensing system 1208 in the shuttle includes sensing items such as positioning, ranging, collision avoidance, and health. After completing the comprehensive sensing data of the shuttle, it is fed to the intelligent control system 22 through the communication system 1211 and the communication system 23 in the shuttle for corresponding processing.
  • the safety system 1209 in the shuttle includes a sensing device, an alarm device, an airbag, a safety belt and a fire extinguisher, and provides sensing, alarm and protection for the safety in the shuttle.
  • the identity recognition system 1210 is used to sense the identity of passengers or goods, and compare it with the big data information in the database of the data system 41, and is used for the intelligent control system 22 to make corresponding handling instructions (such as whether it is suitable for riding, push normal route, friendly reminder, special attention, lock track, lock end point, etc.).
  • the intra-shuttle communication system 1211 is distributed in the shuttle, and the communication channels are wired and wireless. It transmits various information or needs from the pipeline system 11, the shuttle system 12, the health monitoring trigger system 2503, the safety system 1209 in the shuttle and passengers to the intelligent control system 1212 in the shuttle or/and the intelligent control system through the communication channel.
  • System 22 passes on to relevant processing terminals, institutions or individuals.
  • the in-shuttle intelligent control system 1212 is the vehicle-mounted part of the intelligent control system 22, and is the in-shuttle execution terminal and information feedback terminal of the intelligent control system 22. Passengers or consignors can give corresponding demand or instruction information to the shuttle.
  • the wiring harness system 1213 is arranged between the outer shell and the interior of the shuttle system 1201 , and provides wired signal communication or power transmission for each sub-system of the shuttle system 12 .
  • the seat system 1214 is installed on the frame structure of the shuttle body system 1201 and can sit or lie down.
  • the power distribution system 2101 is distributed in the entire pipeline system 11 , intelligent control system 22 , communication system 3 , service system 24 , security system 25 , emergency system 31 and data system 41 to distribute power to them.
  • the energy-saving system 2102 is distributed in the pipeline system 1101 and/or the shuttle system 1201, and cooperates with the intelligent control system 22 to recover and utilize the energy generated by the high-speed flying shuttle.
  • the intelligent central system 2201 as the control center for the fully automatic operation of the entire STS system, utilizes different functional modules, uses the operation mechanism of the Internet of Things, and exchanges information with other systems through the communication system 23 to control the operation of the shuttle and other systems.
  • Intelligent processing realizes various fully automatic intelligent control mechanisms including unmanned driving and one-stop direct access.
  • the manual control system 2202 is used for manual control of a certain shuttle, a certain road section or a certain area during installation and commissioning, overhaul, maintenance, cleaning, emergency and other activities, and can be switched with the intelligent central system 2201.
  • the human-computer interaction system 2203 provides passengers with the necessary freedom of choice, that is, through the human-computer dialogue between passengers and the intelligent central system 2201, the latter can judge whether the information is feasible and issue instructions to meet the reasonable needs of passengers (such as switching the terminal , entering the service area, calling, etc.).
  • the passenger control system 2204 is a temporary limited control that allows passengers to operate the shuttle autonomously in an emergency.
  • the special control system 2205 allows manual intervention to start or the intelligent control system 22 automatically judges and starts certain special operations in special cases (such as first aid, rushing for exams, suspects taking a car, military needs, etc.), so as to ensure that the necessary special results are obtained.
  • the intelligent control communication system 2301 is the link between the intelligent control system 22 and other descendants for automatic communication through the Internet of Things.
  • the intelligent control system 22 controls and receives and analyzes information, and then issues corresponding instructions.
  • the information communication system 2302 is distributed at various points of the STS, including communication for civil, police, military, etc., and does not involve commands to control the operation of the shuttle.
  • the station system 2401 is deployed in the pipeline system 1101, including identification, destination statistics, station guidance, temporary rest, timing of getting on and off the bus, automatic withholding of fares, etc.
  • the location of the station layout can be a general bus station layout or a specific area. It includes hardware and services.
  • the intercity service system 2402 is the service area and related services arranged for the intercity section of the pipeline system 1101 .
  • Maintenance system 2403 is to carry out regular inspection and maintenance services for the whole system of STS.
  • the operation and maintenance system 2404 is a guarantee system for the operation of the STS, and it is a routine system maintenance work.
  • the parking system 2405 includes the different functional tracks involved in the pipeline system 1101, and controls nearby online parking at different times. It may include a line or area dedicated to parking, or a parking area for servicing the system 2403 .
  • the cleaning system 2406 is a complete set of guarantee system for cleaning, decontaminating and maintaining the inside and outside of the shuttle, the pipe rail system 11, etc., and it can also include cleaning requirements brought about by different weather.
  • Shuttle APP2407 is a client terminal for passengers or consignors to obtain various travel information, book shuttles, preset destinations, book rides or carpools, participate in surveys, evaluate complaints, determine guardians, and other services, so as to improve the efficiency of Shuttle Operating efficiency, increasing passenger favorability and the affinity of the shuttle.
  • the cause monitoring system 2501 is a combination of software and hardware that monitors and controls the causes of accidents in the STS system.
  • the monitoring data are sent to the intelligent control system 22 and the data system through the communication system 1211 and the communication system 23 in the shuttle. 41 processing, and make various handling instructions or information releases such as accident prediction, early warning, elimination, avoidance, and emergency response.
  • the personal protection system 2502 is set in the rail system 11, the shuttle system 12 and other systems to protect the personal safety related measures and response mechanism, including the safety system 1209 in the shuttle.
  • the health monitoring trigger system 2503 is a system that uses the sensor system 1208 in the shuttle to monitor the health of passengers throughout the process, and activates the health emergency system 3101 after automatic judgment by the intelligent control system 22 . Or passengers use the human-computer interaction system 2203 to provide personal health information or medical needs to the intelligent control system 22, so as to change the driving destination or activate the system of the health emergency system 3101.
  • the health emergency system 3101 in the shuttle system 1201, is used to monitor the main health indicators of the passengers, and after the judgment of the intelligent control system 22, it automatically determines whether to directly send the passengers to the hospital, or give suggestions for the passengers to choose. And when the vital signs are obviously abnormal, the intelligent control system 22 automatically decides to activate the emergency plan, sends the passenger to an appropriate hospital, and notifies the hospital and the guardian at the same time. It includes avoiding the green channel, speeding up to the hospital, calling the hospital, calling guardians or friends, etc.
  • the accident emergency system 3102 is composed of the accident sensing devices distributed on the pipeline system 1101 and the shuttle body system 1201 to form the hardware of the system.
  • the interactive system 2203 makes a call, triggering the intelligent control system 22 to start an emergency response. It includes emergency parking, escape, first aid, evacuation of accident points, etc.
  • the fire emergency system 3103 when a fire occurs in the pipeline system 1101, the shuttle system 1201 or other hardware systems, the pipeline sensor system 1105 and the shuttle sensor system 1208 distributed on these hardware will send sensing signals to the intelligent control system 22 trigger to start fire emergency response, and/or send to passengers via audio-visual interactive system 1207 to start fire emergency response.
  • Fire emergency response includes automatic sprinkler activation in the pipeline system 1101 and activation of small fire extinguishers inside the shuttle, as well as emergency shutdown, escape, and ambulance, etc.
  • the acquisition system 4101 consists of various sensors distributed in the pipeline system 1101, the shuttle system 1201 and other parts to sense and collect passenger identities, stations, pipelines, tracks, energy, shuttles, authority levels, passenger flow, distribution, positioning, etc.
  • Various types of information data are transmitted to the data center of the data system 41 through the intra-shuttle communication system 1211 and the communication system 23 .
  • the analysis system 4102 performs comprehensive statistics and big data analysis on the above data to obtain data that is beneficial to passengers' better experience, or to obtain decision-making basis for STS improvement. These analyzed data bases are used by the intelligent control system 22 to control the entire STS system more effectively, or to push more valuable information to passengers, or to guide engineers to improve STS, or for public security, military Special actions by other agencies.
  • the storage system 4103 placed in the cloud, provides storage space for the above-mentioned various data for further analysis and recall.
  • the right part of the large dotted frame in Figure 3 is in an equivalent relationship with the right part of the large dotted frame in Figure 2, and it is placed here to visually display the main components and logical relationships of the intercity or international STS.
  • Station A and Station B Set up a station system 2401 in Tiantongyuan Community and CBD Center respectively (referred to as Station A and Station B).
  • One passenger enters the destination station B at the station A terminal and takes the bus , or enter the destination on the passenger control system 2204 after taking the car, and after sitting in the seat system 1214, the car door will automatically close, and the audio-visual interactive system 1207 will remind passengers to fasten their seat belts.
  • the identity recognition system 1210 in the shuttle will automatically confirm Passenger identity, and permit matching with the destination, to determine whether there are preferential privileges, if not, the intelligent central system 2201 will set the line as a regular channel (the regular channel is also the preferred channel with the shortest time), if there is (such as military or law enforcement personnel, students, doctors, etc.), the route is set as a priority channel or a licensed channel, and if the passenger does not have the right to enter the destination, the passenger is reminded to modify the destination or refuse to load.
  • the intelligent central system 2201 automatically controls the shuttle system 1201, On the magnetic track system 1102 in the pipeline system 1101, travel at the highest possible speed, from station A to station B directly, without any stop in the middle.
  • the audio-visual interactive system 1207 automatically reminds passengers to get ready to get off the bus (don't worry about passing the stop, and they won't pass).
  • the door will automatically open, and passengers can leave the car with their bags, and the shuttle will automatically park online at an appropriate position in the pipeline, waiting for the restart command.
  • passengers can sit, lie down or work, use the air-conditioning system 1205, lighting system 1206, and use the audio-visual interactive system 1207 for self-entertainment, or connect and interact with others, or change destinations; during driving, health monitoring triggers If the system 2503 finds that the passenger is abnormal, it will trigger the health emergency system 3101 to remind the passenger, and get in touch with the hospital and guardian.
  • the special control system 2205 will be automatically activated to notify the police for verification.
  • directly lock the door and detain the suspect to the Public Security Bureau (assuming that the Public Security Bureau has set up a station); during driving, if there is a fire, the fire emergency system 3103 will be automatically triggered, and an emergency stop will be made, the door will be activated, and the nearest escape route will be opened , Automatically start the sprinkler system when necessary, or quickly leave, exit or avoid the fire section in advance.
  • the data related to the whole process is directly uploaded to the intelligent central system 2201 by the data system 41 through the communication system 23 and stored in the storage system 4103 .
  • Example implementation 2 the implementation of area STS and city STS:
  • the whole route is the best route with the shortest time, and the shuttle can travel at a higher speed between cities.
  • the whole process does not need to be like 2TS: first take a bus or drive from station B - wait for a bus or plane at Beijing Railway Station or an airport in Beijing - then take a high-speed rail or plane to Shanghai railway Station or an airport in Shanghai - then take a bus to station C.
  • Embodiment 3 can be analogously applied to all parts of the country or countries in the world, that is, to form a national STS or a global STS.
  • Embodiment 5 the implementation of embedding stations into specific areas and privileges:
  • Embodiment 6 the implementation of fire extinguishing function:
  • a fire sensor when a fire sensor detects fire information, it triggers the fire emergency system 3103, which automatically activates the nearest sprinkler fire extinguishing function at the point according to the sensing position, and at the same time automatically activates the nearest F station and G station at both ends of the point. Entry restriction function, automatic evacuation of all shuttles in the FG section, automatic notification of manual emergency response plan.
  • Embodiment 7 the implementation of online parking function:
  • the intelligent central system 2201 automatically arranges for the idle shuttle to park in the nearest online parking space, and can restart it at any time.
  • Example 8 the implementation of the transportation method for multiple people in different places in the same city to go to different places in the same city (that is, non-distributed transportation method):
  • Embodiment 9 the implementation of improving peak commuting capacity:
  • Example 1 Songjiazhuang Station, the largest subway transfer station in Asia, "In 2019, the average daily morning peak arrivals of Songjiazhuang Station was 26,200, and the number of transfers was 60,700" (source: “Beijing Transportation Development Annual Report 2020”) . After the implementation of STS, all passengers do not need to transfer at Songjiazhuang Station, and only nearby passengers enter the station.
  • the number of transfers from 60,700 passengers to 0; the number of arrivals: Passengers who are a little farther away from Songjiazhuang Station are nearer You don’t need to go to Songjiazhuang Station by car (note: usually half the distance between two stations is used as the radius, and passengers outside the radius will choose a station closer to them to take the bus), so the number of stops will be greatly reduced.
  • Example 2 On a working day in September 2018, the traffic volume of the main passage connecting the sub-center of Beijing and the central urban area totaled 303,000 standard vehicles, the traffic volume in the morning peak hour was 19,630 pcu/hour, and the traffic volume in the evening peak hour was 16,457 pcu / hour (source: "2019 Beijing Transportation Development Annual Report”).
  • the hourly traffic flow is at least 150,000 pcu/hour based on the two-way 6-lane non-main road section. It can be seen that the conventional transport capacity of STS non-main road sections is 7.6-9.1 times the peak capacity of 2TS main road sections.
  • the present invention has very strong industrial applicability, and it is shown in the following aspects:
  • the problem solved by the present invention is the current traffic problem that the whole world faces and needs to be solved urgently.
  • the technologies used in the present invention are current mature technologies and feasible technologies.
  • the invention not only solves the transportation vehicle and the transportation system, but also solves the double-carbon problem and the energy problem currently faced by human beings.
  • the present invention can be applied locally (eg, a peak section, a district, between two cities, etc.), and can be applied globally (eg, a city, a country, etc.). From partial to global application, only need to continuously assemble, extend and nest the standard pipe rail system to cover a larger area, form a larger regional STS, and finally realize global passage.

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Abstract

本发明定义并构建基于物联网的运输飞梭及飞梭交通系统，涉及运输、运输设备和运输系统技术领域，尤其涉及基于物联网的陆上智能运输设备和智能化飞梭交通系统。采用运输飞梭、飞梭融入交通系统、风险隔离、运控分离、联合智控、去集运去标识去信号灯、全立交、标准模组、站点植入、无缝衔接、全封闭全天时全天侯、不限速、无人驾驶、一站直达、在线泊车、军民通用、优先权特许权处置、及智控联动对飞梭实时监测、自动控制并优化线路、资源利用率和系统均衡性等方案，保证飞梭交通系统安全高效、最优运行，解决高峰瓶颈、运力低、事故多、天气影响、浪费资源污染环境等交通难题，创建极简化标准化、资源共享全球通行的未来运输设备与运输系统。

Description

基于物联网的运输飞梭及飞梭交通系统 技术领域
本发明涉及运输、运输设备和交通运输系统技术领域，尤其涉及基于物联网的陆上智能运输设备和智能化飞梭交通系统，以及智能交通、轨道交通、飞梭、客运、货运、物联网、互联网、通信网、大数据、无人驾驶、无人管控、全自动联合控制、磁悬浮、磁驱动、运输模式、风险因素及风险隔离、风险评估预判控制、事故消减、全天时全天候运行、安全防护、消防灭火、车辆检修、车辆管理、道路管理、司机培训、新能源应用、节能、环保、资源优化利用、军警民共用、智能运筹优化线路、云支付、泊车、传感、定位、救护通道、自动呼叫联动、身份识别、目标锁定、控制羁押、社会治安等领域。
 背景技术
当前主流技术：
1. 当前交通系统（本文所述交通系统均指陆上交通运输系统，简称TS）主要包括两种类型（总称2TS）：TTS（传统交通系统，Traditional Traffic System）、ITS（智能交通系统，Intelligent Traffic System）。
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2. 2TS框架设置：2TS及其涵盖的车辆的宏观框架模式是运控交叉模式，即高速度高风险的运输车辆，与管控交通安全和秩序的交警、交通标识、设施等，以及其他车辆、司机、行人、天气、甚至小动物等，彼此都在露天开放的道路上，其轨迹交叉、相互影响。
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3. 2TS构成要素：2TS的构成要素是：人、车、路和环境四大方面。强相关的细分因素包括：路网、车辆、司机、乘客、行人、交警、信号灯、交通标识、监控设施、安全防护、公共场所（仅指与交通相关的人员密集区。如，交通枢纽、火车站、地铁站、汽车总站、部分公交车站和车内等）、车辆管理、司机培训、配套服务、交通法规等。
4. ITS与TTS的发展：ITS与TTS有很明显的同质性。ITS只是在传统路网形式、车辆基本结构和运输模式不变的前提下，从便利性方面对车辆和道路进行简单和局部地嵌入智能功能和设施，如，电子付费、交通信息应用、GPS定位、部分数据采集等。泊车、行车依然是人工驾驶，依然是家家有车、出行开车，其没有将导致交通瓶颈的重要环节（出行人数、车辆保有量、交通负荷量等）考虑在内，不但没有解决反而日益加重了交通拥堵等交通问题和衍生问题（参见《中国智能运输系统体系框架》第二版）。
2TS采取了单行、限行、限号、限购、限速、外地车限入、绿色出行、无车日、拓宽道路、智能化、建地铁、高架等措施，对解决问题、改善交通和发展经济起到了巨大作用。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
但以当前科技水平所能达到的效果为参照，从更高的、对人类发展更有利的人类命运共同体的视角，理性地审视、科学地剖析交通现况，就会发现，这种看似完善的框架和要素，正是导致当前全球交通出现越来越严重的高峰瓶颈、连锁污染、资源浪费、越来越堵、安全事故频发等诸多世界性问题与困境的根本原因。
全球四大主要交通问题：
1. 高峰严重拥堵、总体交通压力不断加大：
人们对私家车高度依赖，致其保有量飞速增长，高峰时段（早晚通勤时段和节假日）出行人数和车辆越来越多，乘车拥挤和行车拥堵已是常态。这是全球性交通瓶颈和难题。
例1，2018年北京地铁早高峰舒适性指数最高达到9.7，处于极不舒服级别（源自：《2019年北京市交通发展年度报告》）。例2，2021年6月25日18:45-18:50，北京全路网交通指数8.1，处于极不舒服级别，各交通方式的平均速度21.2km/h（源自：北京市交通委员会官网）。
2. 交通事故多、生命财产损失巨大：
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因事故致因多且相互干扰，又缺乏防错措施，仅以在开放式道路上，通过司机驾驶、信号灯、交通标志和人工管控方式来获得交通质量，事故将无可避免地多发，生命财产损失也会是巨大的。这尤其表现在公路交通方面，说明了开放式、高密度交通量的交通方式是导致事故的主要方面。
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例1，2018年全国发生交通事故244937起，死亡人数63194人，受伤258532人，直接财产损失13.84559亿元（源自：《2019中国统计年鉴》）。例2，全球每年总计死亡人数135万（源自：世卫组织2018年12月7日发布）。
3. 系统效率低、时间成本高：
因限速、交通因素再次压低车速，加上集散式运输方式导致的不断等待、与他人同行陪乘，和因转乘额外增加的乘车时间和无效时间、高空载率（注：空载率是指，车辆运行时空座或空载占荷载的比例），以及因道路拥堵、等待信号、燃油转换率不高所致。
例，2018年工作日高峰时段，北京市综合出行时间指数平均值为4.38分钟/公里，2018年早高峰平均拥堵持续时间2小时50分（源自：《2019年北京交通发展年报》）。
4. 环境污染严重、资源浪费严重和资源不足：
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现在大部分车辆为燃油车，油品本身和其相关产业链的各个环节、以及油品燃烧产生多种污染，且污染严重；泊位、维修厂、总站等占用大量自然资源；司机培训、车辆管理、交警管控等是2TS必要的配备，需要大量的人力、物力和财力等社会资源予以支撑；同时，车辆制造及相关行业工艺复杂、环节多变、污染源多。这些都导致了日益严重的环境问题，以及自然资源和社会资源的浪费，并导致了资源不足。
当前主流技术的特征和问题：
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1. 运输方式和运输过程的特征和问题：运输方式为集散型、运输过程为接力式；集散型表现为站点总站化和车辆大型化两方面，站点设计为与集散型相匹配的形式和布局；接力式表现为：（散客或散货）各自从起点出发——汇集始发总站——乘车出发（大部分有中途临停上下）——到达结束总站——中转联运分流（可能多次）——到达各自终点，且多为定时发车、固定线路。导致：总站客流量过大、额外增加了客运总量；公共场所多、易发公共卫生与公安全事件；大多乘客或货物被迫不断经停、陪乘、转乘、绕路、在途时间长、无效时间多，巨大的个体时间成本被严重浪费和忽视；车速低、运力小、交通拥堵、事故多发、效率低、时间成本高、资源浪费严重；风险模式复杂；无法实现真正意义的一站直达。
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注1：本文中一站直达包含运输方式（指技术方案）和/或运输效果（指方案效果）两个含义，具体含义视前后文意而定。注2：人们常说的一站直达与本发明所用一站直达，两者的方式和效果完全不同：前者是全体乘客从总站集体上车出发，直达总站集体下车，但上车站和下车站通常不是乘客的始发站和终点站，绝大多数需要换乘；后者则是个体乘客从任一最近散客站点独自乘车出发，直达另一散客站点下车，下车站即终点站，始发站和终点站之间完全无需转乘，后者是真正意义的一站直达。
2. 管控的特征和问题：对在开放的路面上，没有隔离且自由行驶的车辆和行人，使用信号灯、标志、交警、法规、抓拍、限速等措施，呈弱有序、弱路权、弱监控、弱预判、人管控、无防错、事故致因多的特征。导致：既未预先消减事故致因，也无提前感测、收集分析、预先纠偏、又难后续跟进纠正，导致高风险和易发事故、车辆和2TS效能发挥受限且低效高耗，并且管控工作量大。
3. 路网的特征和问题：路面呈露天开放、无封闭、少隔离、车辆暴露；路况为人车混行、轨迹交叉，影响因素多、事故致因链组合多且随时变化；路网则路口多、立交少、复杂多样质量不一。是事故致因链的关键几环。导致：交通运输受天气（雨雪冰风雾等）、行人和其他车辆影响很大，事故多发。
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4. 车辆的特征和问题：车型多、体积大、结构复杂、构成系统多；性能、车况、车速、荷载量差异大；多为轮系和燃油驱动、司机驾驶；保有量大、私车多，车况不一。导致：车辆制造周期长、成本高、资源高耗、污染环境；占道宽、路易损、道路造价高、交通布局难度大，很难且极少能将车辆与特定区域无缝衔接，进而导致接力式运输必然存在；易拥堵、车流量低、运速低、运力低；驾驶难度大、空载率高、资源浪费、排放有害和温室气体；隐患多、风险模式复杂、事故多。
注：特定区域是指，空港码头火车站汽车总站等海陆空枢纽、地铁口、大型商场、CBD、大型景区、重要景点或游乐园、园区、大型居民小区等所有的人员密集区；车辆制造、管理、维保、保洁，交通系统运维等相关区域；医院、学校和幼儿园、政府、军方驻地、警方驻地等重要区域；楼宇、居家或病房等更小空间；其他需要接驳的区域。
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5. 司机的特征和问题：每车至少一位持证司机；司机们生理和心理特征、身体状况、驾驶水平、驾驶状态、合规守法心态、处置能力等差别大；应变处理慢甚至处理错误。导致：培训周期长成本高，浪费资源；个体无可避免地出现不利于安全驾驶的各种表现、弊端和人工驾驶风险；司机及人工驾驶风险是事故致因链中必然的关键环节，是限速、低速、事故多发的首要原因。
注：人工驾驶风险，包括但不限于：疲劳驾驶、酒驾、路怒、闯红灯等各种违章违法行为，及操作精准度和持久性不足、在新路况或路段更容易误操作、较难预先处理等。
6. 行人的特征和问题：对交规认知和遵守、自我保护及保护他人的意识因人而异，差异较大；与车共享路权、人车轨迹交叉。导致：不得不设置斑马线、增加了路况的复杂性、迫使车速降低或间歇行停、极易引发事故。
7. 交警的特征和问题：个体差异大、工作时间受限、身处车流之中。导致：警力跟不上车辆和路网的增长速度；出警时危及安全和健康。
8. 标识的特征和问题：路面、空中、道路两侧图文标识繁多；信号灯多。导致：司机要时刻关注和应对，车辆频繁加速、减速、变道和临停，极易导致司机疲劳或处置不当，引发事故；由此产生很多无效时间。
9. 监控设施的特征和问题：侧重记录司机和车辆违法事实，为非连续性分布。导致：不能综合分析、主动预判、提前纠偏或防错，不能对司机提供前置的安全可靠的实时信息。
10. 安全防护的特征和问题：局部隔离了逆向车流，人车之间、同向车车之间隔离措施少；没有将天气与道路和车辆隔离的技术。导致：防护能力不足，无法防错，影响出行、车速和行驶安全，甚至阻断交通或诱发交通事故。
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11. 公共场所的特征和问题：公共场所多，乘客聚集量大。导致：易发交叉感染和群体安全事件，是公共卫生与公共安全事件的首要致因。
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12. 泊位的特征和问题：每车需要配2个固定泊位（居住点和工作点），和一定量的公共泊位。导致：泊车配置跟不上车辆的增速，导致泊车困难、违章泊车。
13. 能源环保的特征和问题：燃油为绝大多数车辆的能源，能效低。导致：燃烧产生大气污染、温室效应、噪音污染；燃油从开采、炼化、储运和使用各环节都有污染，污染环节多、波及面广、污染严重。
14. 相互干扰的特征和问题：上述各项之间存在相互干扰、激化。导致：更易诱发新的事故致因数量、导致发生事故的概率增加。 
 技术问题
发明目的：
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基于物联网+互联网+通信网+大数据，发明一种基于物联网的运输系统飞梭及飞梭交通系统，解决全球交通运输面临的、亟待解决的交通难题，彻底摆脱交通困境，构建未来的、绿色的可持续交通。
注1：运输飞梭，一种全新的智能化运输设备，亦称飞梭系统，简称飞梭。注2：飞梭交通系统，一种将飞梭融入一体管控的、安全高速绿色的、全新的智能化交通运输系统，简称飞梭交通，或STS。
要解决具体技术问题：
1. 交通高峰瓶颈。即，高峰时段，人多、车多、集中出行所引发的上车困难、乘车拥挤、行车拥堵及用时过长的世界性交通问题。这是首先要解决的综合性问题，是通过解决以下问题后迎刃而解的问题。
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2. 集散型运输方式及由其引发的诸多问题。
3. 出行用时过长，时间成本过高。
4. 出行期间无效时间过多过长，浪费严重。
5. 人工驾驶风险。
6. 人工管控交通低效、易错、个体差异大、响应慢、无防错。
7. 容易发生公共卫生和公共安全事件。
8. 路网和车辆标准不一、质量不一、维保成本过高。
9. 能耗高、效率低、污染重的能源形式与驱动方式。
10. 出行、车速和安全都受天气变化和固定发车时间影响。
11. 限速、限值太低、限值多变，以及实际车速更低。
12. 车辆暴露、人车混行、路权冲突。
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13. 信号灯切换、中途进出站上下车、拥堵等导致车辆间歇式加减速、走走停停。
14. 因个别乘客上下车，导致大多数乘客不得不多次陪同进站停车等候。
15. 不能一站直达、大多数人需要多次转乘。
16. 交通事故致因过多，且对此呈弱控制，甚至无控制。
17. 交通事故过多。
18. 交通压力越来越大。即，车辆种类多（注：本发明不涉及特种车辆和非零担货车）、保有量大（尤其私车）、增速过快、车型过多，导致道路越来越容易拥挤和拥堵、车速越来越慢、交通压力越来越大，以及由此衍生的各类问题也越来越多、越来越严重。
19. 2TS管控缺乏数据性、预判性、前置性、即时性和实效性。即，缺乏提前对人流、路况、车况、路网进行数据采集、分析、预判，缺少防止交通拥堵的主动性预防、分流和防错措施，也无法对每一车辆出行提供安全、快捷的优化方案。
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 20. 优先权或/和特许权（简称：优特权）无法得到有效保证。即，被运输对象无论轻重缓急，都受制于业已形成的交通体制和当时的路况，以至于，虽有权但难落实。
21. 泊位不足、泊车困难、违规泊车。
22. 单车过重、座位多或荷载大，车速受限、浪费资源和能源。
23. 特定区域没有也很难植入站点，无法形成不同运输设备之间或区域之间的无缝衔接。
24. 时间资源、自然资源和社会资源严重浪费。
新增功能技术：
1.优特权。
2. 锁定强送。
3. 数据获取与出行推荐。
4. 专车共享。
5. 在线行车与在线泊车。
6. 火情自动应急响应与自动喷淋灭火。
7. 无障应急救援。
8. 防错。
9. 乘客状态监测。
10. 路况判断。
11. 乘客健康监测。
12. 免购票云支付的计费收费。
 技术解决方案
针对上述发明目的、要解决的具体技术问题和新增功能技术的技术解决方案：
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1. 运控分离：其颠覆2TS模式，将STS的构成框架模式重新建构为：“1+3”交通模式，即，1个运输主体+3个智控联动，两大部分。1个运输主体指梭道系统，其中的管轨路网呈全线封闭或半封闭（全线封闭或半封闭，简称为全封闭或封闭）、立交化，飞梭为磁悬驱无人驾驶（注：磁悬驱是磁悬浮和磁驱动的简称），梭道系统是整个STS框架的关键性突破，使破解高峰瓶颈和交通压力成为可能；3个智控联动是指控保系统、数据系统、应急系统，其保证运输主体安全、高效、最优运行。而整体STS运行时，全部为非人工模态。形成全封闭、全天时、全天候、不限速、智能控制、无人驾驶、一站直达的交通模式。该技术方案为下述各技术方案所提切入点提供方向，为技术方案实施的可行性提供保障。
2. 系统互补：STS与2TS并存，STS主送乘客和可分运的小件货物，2TS轮系主送大件货物，彼此互补。
3. 综合采用第1、2、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13条技术方案，解决技术问题第1条。同时，下述各技术方案则是独立解决或/和协同解决各条相应的问题或/和新增功能（注：协同解决是指：不同的技术方案综合起来，解决相同编号的技术问题或/和新增功能）。
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4. 管道隔离：从安全和提速的角度出发，对系统作动静分离，即在全部运输线路上，以封闭的管线系统作为防护屏蔽体，将高风险的移动飞梭与外界的行人、其他车辆、天气影响等各要素完全隔离开，极大地减少事故致因，并彻底阻断高速移动飞梭这一重要事故因素的致因链及其带来的风险，并将所有路口立交化、去信号灯、去路标，为飞梭在封闭的管道内全天时全天候无障碍高速行驶、在线泊车、其他硬件布设提供空间。管道与飞梭一同构成完整的梭道系统，形成防护与运输硬主体，这是STS的运输主体和框架核心，既隔离了风险，又提高了车速、还提供了泊位和硬件空间，STS的构成要素也因此缩减为管轨系统、飞梭、客货、有线无线信道、智控系统，且要素间没有移动轨迹交叉，解决技术问题第10、11、12、13、16、17条和新增功能第5、8条。
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5. 轻质微型流线飞梭：飞梭不同于传统车辆，是轻质微型流线型运输设备，标准模组化。其去除传统车辆上大多功能系统（如，方向、动力、变速、驱动、制动、悬挂、轮子及备胎、油箱、散热、尾气、车外灯、各种机械联动、发动机箱和后备箱等），重量和体积相比传统轿车均减少80%左右；其由梭体系统、悬驱系统、备驱系统、梭内定位系统、空调系统、照明系统、视听互动系统、梭内传感系统、梭内安全系统、身份识别系统、梭内通信系统、梭内智控系统、线束系统、座椅系统构成；飞梭属于总发明构思STS的不可分割部分，飞梭受控于STS的智控系统，分客梭与货梭；客梭荷载不超4人且优化荷载1+1人，可私人专乘、可自愿拼车，使空载率最小化；货梭可用微型集装箱快速装车或散装货物，荷载限量货物；飞梭可进入特定区域尤其是小空间区域，飞梭可彼此首尾相连，磁悬驱、无人驾驶；飞梭行驶路线和车速因路况变化而实时调整、动态变化，路线和速度以用时最短、不停车和系统资源最优为原则，由智控系统判断并指令；飞梭是STS的运输主体和框架核心，解决技术问题第1、2、5、7、9、14、18、22、23、24条和新增功能第1、2、3、4、5、9、11、12条。
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6. 一站直达：取消市内和城际车辆的运行限制及短乘运输模式，允许飞梭在路网任意地点行停泊，起到对拥挤站点分流减员、削峰填谷的作用，消除中转站转乘汇集的额外客流量，让任何人可在任何时间任何站点乘车出发，免去候车、经停、陪乘、中转等环节，下车点即达目的地，解决技术问题第1、2、3、4、7、10、13、14、15、20、24条和新增功能第1、3、4条。
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7. 联合智控：利用基于物联网+互联网+通信网+大数据的信息通信网络，其将能源、管轨、飞梭、乘客、中央控制以及外围服务等STS各构成要素联系在一起，形成联合智控系统，将控制与服务软组合，其中的智能中央控制系统，与系统各部分即时通信、向各要素发送指令并获得各要素回馈信息，进而全自动调控、联合控制全系统各个物联终端，保证STS所有构成部分协同运行；并且，智控系统以飞梭行驶路线和速度用时最短、不停车和系统资源最优为原则，作出判断，实时优化不停车线路、车速、交通系统相关资源的利用率和均衡性，为飞梭提供指令，使得每一飞梭的运行状态及车况，都是该飞梭与一定范围内飞梭运行状态相互影响的综合结果，也是智控系统发出运行指令的依据，使飞梭与STS其他要素间呈实时交互响应模式，解决技术问题第6、16、17、19、24条和新增功能第1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、12条。
8. 无人驾驶：通过物联网传感、通信技术、智能化交通调控方式，全自动智能控制、驱动飞梭实时响应本车和其他飞梭车况引发的各种运行指令，实现飞梭无人驾驶行停泊和应急响应，并能使行李梭或/和同伴客梭随行、同步到达，解决技术问题第5、11、13、18、20、24条和新增功能第2、7、8条。
9. 去集运运输：去中心化总站、去集散型运输方式，结合飞梭和一站直达的技术方案，取消乘客密集的公共场所，切断公共卫生和公共安全事件的致因链，使事故趋零，增加私密性，解决技术问题第1、2、4、7、10、24条。
10. 全系统智能监测：采取飞梭监控、路网监控，路况诊断等措施，进行实时监测、分析、预判路况和车况、实时应变、优化路径、自动调度、自动计费收费等运行，提前优化和临时应变飞梭路径、实施多重防错措施，解决技术问题第6、16、17、19、20、24条和新增功能第8条。
11. 标准模组：将管轨、飞梭、立交、维保等标准模组化，通过简易拼接将路段、片区、城市、城际、国家和地区无界贯通，解决技术问题第1、8、24条。
12. 无缝衔接：将路网和站点植入特定区域或任何可以植入的区域，形成一体化服务，而不再需要先运至商家仓库、销售、挂牌、过户等环节，飞梭出厂即可上线，乘客就近即可乘车，解决技术问题第1、2、3、4、7、10、23、24条。
13. 不限速：在安全且设计许可的前提下，智控系统根据路况自动调速而不限速，自动优选高速，能高尽高，最大限度缩短在途时间，解决技术问题第1、3、4、6、11、16、18、20、24条。
14. 在线行泊：忙时在线行车、闲时在线泊车，实现车不离线，最大限度利用管道空间，取消地面泊位，解决技术问题第21、24条和新增功能第5条。
15. 电力能源：沿管线分布电站、铺设线路，为飞梭交通系统提供动力能源并不断清洁化，解决技术问题第9、24条。
16. 磁悬驱：在飞梭和管道内分别安装磁极，相互配合形成磁悬驱和磁制动，获得良好的可控性与可靠性，解决技术问题第9、11、16、22、24条。
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17. 消减事故致因链：用封闭管轨、飞梭隔离、单人乘车、无人驾驶、去可视化信号、隐患预警、智能物联、智能联控等，将事故致因最少化，并切断事故致因，解决技术问题第5、6、7、10、12、13、16、17条。
18. 健康监测和应急：梭内配置健康监测装置，具备应急求助功能，在途自动监测乘客健康体征，发现乘客健康异常时，立即开启绿色通道加速直达合适医院，并同步通知医院急救中心和监护人，且在紧急状态时强行接通监护人电话，也可在非紧急就医时，乘客选择就医优先级，解决技术问题第20条和新增功能第11条。
19. 运送优特权：对军人、警察、医护人员、病人、学生、公职人员等特需人员赋予不同级别优特权，保证其先乘先行、快速运送，解决技术问题第20条和新增功能第1条。
20. 特控系统：用远程自动锁定跟踪、锁闭车门、强行改变目的地等特殊措施，在必要时，对特定人员予以控制和送达，解决新增功能第2、9条。
21. 大数据：自动完成身份识别、轨迹查询、出行数据、飞梭分布、人员分布、飞梭利用率等数据的识别、采集、统计和分析，为出行者实时推送出行密度等信息、最佳出行时间建议、乘车预约等便捷服务，解决新增功能第3条。
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22. 专送共享：以飞梭替代绝大部分载人载货车辆，将其共享，供私乘或发货、专送直达，让乘客在出行时间、线路、行停、习惯、观光、娱乐、坐卧、休息、健康、隐私、自主拼车等方面不受他人影响、自主选择，减少拼车滞留、分送量大、难以直达或直达成本太高的不利因素，解决技术问题第18条和新增功能第4条。
23. 火情自动识别与响应：锁定火情位置，清退附近飞梭，启动管线内的自动喷淋灭火装置，即时靶向灭火，启动火警等火情应急预案，且管道内和梭内配备灭火器材，解决新增功能第6条。
24. 非固定绿色通道：应急时，立即自动清空某一车道，秒变应急车道，实现无障超高速通行，解决新增功能第7条。
25. 防错：用管道隔离、飞梭防撞等各种防错措施，解决新增功能第8条。
26. 警示提醒：实时监测飞梭移动前与移动中乘客的安全带是否扣好，中速和高速时禁止打开，或在打开时语音提醒或警示、甚至远程干预其就近强行停车，解决新增功能第9条。
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27. 预判无障路径：监测系统自动判断路况，为即将行经的飞梭提供行驶指令，解决新增功能第10条。
28. 云支付：免购票和支付过程，自动计费结算，解决新增功能第12条。
29. 采用上述技术方案的同时，连带省去交警执勤、司机培训、车检车管、收费设施、维修店面、加油站、洗车装饰服务、停车场等诸多相关服务环节，极大程度上节约了资源、减少了污染，解决技术问题第9、24条。
 有益效果
解决传统技术问题层面的有益效果：
1. 交通压力运力方面：有效解决了早晚高峰（占全天客运量的80%左右）运力不足、乘车困难问题，破解高峰瓶颈，实现了大流量、超高速运送客货。除特种车辆和大件（超出飞梭装运尺寸或重量）货车外，飞梭可替代绝大部分传统车辆，大幅减少车辆种类、数量及综合资源消耗，消除当前车辆过多、交通压力过大的问题。
2. 解决问题方面：解决了与2TS和车辆有关的几乎所有问题。如，等待定时发车、乘车拥挤、交通拥堵、人车混行、事故多发、信号等待、人工驾驶风险、泊车困难、天气影响、在途时长、中途转乘、无效陪乘，及高能耗、高污染、高成本、低运力、公共卫生与公共安全隐患、车辆多、资源浪费等。从宏观和根源上消除了传统车辆和2TS的恶性循环。
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3. 实现了“3+N”（即，3个全，N个零）：全天时、全天候、全自动，零信号灯、零标识、零人工、零司机、零事故、零死亡、零交警、零车管、零排队、零候车、零总站、零车票、零支付、零拥堵、零经停、零中转、零陪乘、零无效时间、零违章、零泊位、零购车、零车库、零培训、零干扰、零污染、零排放、零浪费。（此处零表示真零或趋零）。
4. 效率方面：出行用时节约80%左右。
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5. 飞梭制造和道路修建方面：因飞梭比传统车辆结构简单得多，故制造环节将极大缩减、能耗极大降低、原材料用量减少、工序更加简化、加工更加容易、效率大幅提高；同时，因飞梭呈微型轻质，及磁悬浮面大，飞梭对轨道单位面积的压力远小于四轮轿车对路面的压力，故管轨系统建造及维护成本将大幅降低，施工周期更短，管轨系统的寿命更长。
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 6. 飞梭使用与操作方面：告诉飞梭去哪，再无其他操作。
7. 时效方面：智控系统自动控制整个STS，消除了人工驾驶风险，打破了传统车速瓶颈，实现了全球范围内，全天时、全天候、不限速行驶、无人值守、无人驾驶、优化路径、不停不堵、私人专送、一站直达，最大程度上降低了时间成本，无效时间趋零。
8. 泊车方面：实现了在线行车、在线泊车双功能，消除了泊车难题、节省了综合资源。
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9. 风险事故方面：打破了自有机动车辆以来，缺乏交通安全防错措施、主要靠人为保障、法规制约等可靠性低的风险控制方法的常规，消除了大部分事故致因，使风险趋零、事故趋零、伤亡趋零。即便是发生碰撞事故，也不会燃烧、爆炸。
10. 安全可靠性方面：实现了全自动智能控制、无人驾驶、实时自诊断自纠偏自平衡，提高了全系统可靠性、安全性、高效性、精准性和预判性。
11. 公共事件方面：从根本上取消了现有公共场所和集散型运输方式，使出行更加安全、卫生、私密。既节约了资源，又杜绝了公共卫生事件（如新冠密接传染）爆发、难控或失控，流调、消杀和控制均可即时自动完成；同时又杜绝了发生公共安全事件，使之趋零。
12. 车辆与交通全球化方面：引领了全球路网与飞梭的标准化、互通化，打破了市区与城际、国际交通车辆差异化的惯例，实现全国乃至全球通用、通行。
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13. 资源与环保方面：采用了高效、零排放的电能，大幅减少甚至根治了与油品、车辆、道路相关各个环节的资源浪费和环境污染；极大降低道路建设成本，缩减道路建设周期和减少污染、消减车辆制造工艺环节和加工周期，大幅清减与车辆制造相关的污染耗能产业链，如橡胶制造、轮胎制造、冶炼、铸造、机加工、玻璃制造、油漆制造与喷涂、维修等，资源与环境将得以持续保护。
新增功能层面的有益效果：
1. 为军警、学生、医生、机要、邮政等有关人员或货物提供更有效的优特权服务。
2. 使进入特定区域更便捷、更安全、不受时空限制，实现更大范围内的无缝衔接、一站直达。
3. 及时灭火、减少伤亡和损失。
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4. 将发病和施救之间的时间缩至最短，为病人争取更多救命时间。
5. 切断事故致因链，尤其严重事故极不可能发生。
6. 及时发现和终止对生命或交通系统造成威胁的乘客行为。
7. 优化飞梭线路，保证不同线路都能用时最短。
8. 轻松收集、分析和处理各种交通大数据、碳排放贡献数据等；增加乘车出行的主动性、可选择性、便捷性；更能通过大数据分析、优化和预测能力，获得如何优化交通分布、城市规划、行业建设、国家政策、乃至国家发展战略的决策依据。
9. 免购票云支付，使出行极大程度便捷化，更节约资源、减少浪费和污染。
用户体验与消费意识层面的有益效果：
1. 改变交通消费习惯、出行方式，并培养绿色意识，所有出行将变得更加快速、私密、舒适、有趣、经济、绿色，也让人们更乐意放弃高消费、高污染、低效率的私家车，改乘飞梭，崇尚绿色出行。
2. 相比传统乘车或开私家车，坐STS则是“花公交车费，坐无人驾驶飞梭”，既经济、快捷、舒适、不疲劳，又保护隐私，却不再为买车、加油、充电、维保、检车、泊位、泊车、打理等花钱操心，更不用担心出行安全。
3. 全天时全天候出行、不限速、不拥堵、无经停、无陪乘、无转乘、无等候、云支付，缩短出行时间约80%，全程随意坐卧休息、娱乐、办公。安全、便捷、高速、直达。让人获得“坐飞梭，一会儿到”的轻松、愉悦和满足感。
经济效益：
1. STS无人化的运行与管控，使其人工成本得以极大节约。
2. 仅STS而言，可在很大程度上减少：在途时长、无效时间、司机、警察、路政人员、泊位占地、路面占地、司机培训、车辆保有量、车辆管理、车辆产业链环节、油品相关环节、交通事故及生命财产损失、资源浪费等，仅节约所产生的经济效益就难以估量。
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例如，仅对北京市、仅对早晚高峰、进队机动车、仅对无效时间中的拥堵时间一项进行计算，折算成时间成本后，2018年可减少22.527亿元损失（依据1：《2019年北京交通发展年报》2018年早高峰平均拥堵持续2小时50分，工作日机动车年出行总量2284万人次。高峰客运量占全天客运量的42.6%，晚高峰占全天出行量的35.4%。依据2：《2018年本市全口径城镇单位就业人员平均工资情况》北京就业人员年平均工资94258元）。
3. 与车辆和STS相关产业，可大幅缩短路网及其配套设施的建设和运维周期与成本，大幅减少服务配套职能和支出，大幅缩短包括车辆在内的多行业产业链，简化制造工艺、消减车辆运维环节、消减燃油加工储运环节，大幅消减环境负面影响和环保治理投入等。同时，随着运行效率的大幅提升，对车辆和STS相关产业的经济发展所提供的支持和拉升，开源和节流两方面的价值都大到难以估算。STS形成的交通新业态，也为全球经济带来巨大的经济效益。
社会效益：
1. 构建未来车辆与交通；本发明构建未来人类飞梭交通新体系模式与标准框架，为人类经济活动提供最有效、最快捷、最低成本、最安全、最环保的运输保障。同时，统计交通信息将更加全面和精准。这也将是未来陆上交通的新模式和发展方向。
2. 新业态：本发明基于物联网+互联网+通信网+大数据，将飞梭与路网、服务、城市规划等多行业融合，定义并创新发明了一种基于物联网的运输飞梭及飞梭交通系统，这是全球绿色出行和绿色消费的交通新业态、新理念。飞梭及STS将是未来世界交通规则的引领者与制定者，在发展本国经济的同时，可为全球提供技术与经济支持，其将解决世界交通难题，为世界各国的交通事业和经济发展创造不可估量的价值。
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3. 全球共享：本发明属于人类未来运输设备及其支持性交通系统基础设施，其作用和意义类似于美国的互联网和GPS、中国的北斗和5G。其可作为人类命运共同体的一部分，全球推行，打通国家之间的交通脉络，实现全球统一、资源共享、全球通行的未来交通新秩序，进而为全人类带来巨大利益。
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4. 绿色革命与可持续交通：首先，大幅清减传统车辆和与2TS相关的信号灯、路标、泊位、路政、加油站、原油开采、油品制造储运、巡逻的交警、维修点、司机培训等，减少资源浪费、环境污染和安全风险，改善了人类生存环境。同时，通过飞梭和清洁能源更大的普及使用，培养人们绿色出行、绿色消费的交通习惯。最终，飞梭交通将作为人类命运共同体的一部分，为低碳环保、资源共享的人类可持续发展理念的实现，起到重要作用。
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5. 飞梭效应：由于打造飞梭和飞梭交通涉及面广，在全球范围，减少资源开采、加工、运输、消耗，减少与各种车辆相关的产品的加工制造、运输等产业的其他污染，将带动与交通相关的诸多高污染、高能耗、高资源投入的行业、企业或工艺流程开展一场大规模的绿色革命，从而触发一系列跨行业、多产业、多方位、全球绿色大行动，产生连锁反应，形成飞梭效应，推动各个行业、各个层面、各个环节的巨大变革。
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例，仅以2018年末全中国公路营运汽车1435.48万辆和20574.93万辆私人汽车（源自：《2018年交通运输行业发展统计公报》和《2019中国统计年鉴》）的燃油一项为例，以平均每车百公里耗油6升计算，若飞梭替代70%的现有车辆，则每年减少燃油用量约2773.24亿升、减少二氧化碳排放约5581.26亿千克、减少热量排放约85389345.44亿千焦。加之油品相关产业全部减少相应数量的产出，实现零排放，其社会价值和意义之大不言而喻。仅飞梭本身以电代油一项，将同时拉动世界各国，提前实现碳达峰、碳中和目标。
 附图说明
1. 图1图2图3共同说明：
图1、图2和图3只表示STS系统包含的主要构成部分和实现功能所需的逻辑关系示意图，并不表示构成细节和位置关系。
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图1、图2和图3中，实线单向箭头表示支撑关系，箭头所指为被支撑对象；虚线双向箭头表示通信关系，一端箭头所指为通信系统本体，另一端箭头所指为需要与之通信的对象，另一端指向虚线框的，框内全部对象为通信对象。
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图1、图2和图3中的数字编号（图3中的00除外），与下述表1中的编号和其所代表的内容一致，且这些数字编号代表的是STS的主要组成部分。
注：图3中的数字编号00只是区域STS的临时代号，其所涵盖的范围可大可小，是图2所示构成的嵌套组合体。区域STS可以是路段STS、片区STS、城市STS、城际STS、国家STS。
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2. 图1说明：图1为STS的构成宏观与各父系间的逻辑关系示意图；图1中，1梭道系统、2控保系统、3应急系统、4数据系统；图1所示为STS的宏观构成。
3. 图2说明：图2为STS的基本构成与主要子系和孙系间的逻辑关系示意图；图2中，11管轨系统、12飞梭系统、2401站点系统、1103立交系统、2402城际服务系统、21能源系统、22智控系统、23通信系统、24服务系统、25安全系统、31应急系统、41数据系统；图2为STS的最小单元。
4. 图3说明：图3为STS的城际或国际构成与主要子系和孙系间的逻辑关系示意图；图3中，00区域STS、11管轨系统、12飞梭系统、1103立交系统、2402城际服务系统、21能源系统、22智控系统、23通信系统、24服务系统、25安全系统、31应急系统、41数据系统；图3所示是由图2所构成的最小单元嵌套组合而成的区域STS，以及不同的区域STS之间的的逻辑关系。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
本发明的最佳实施方式是：客梭荷载为1+1人、全球统一标准模组、设计速度上限阈值尽可能高、站点尽可能多并植入特定区域，则其最佳实施方式如下。
1. STS框架、父系子系孙系的构成及其编号，见下表1：
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
表1。
框架 父系 子系 孙系
硬主体 梭道系统1 管轨系统11 管线系统1101、磁轨系统1102、立交系统1103、站点系统1104、管线传感系统1105、布线系统1106、逃生通道1107
硬主体 梭道系统1 飞梭系统12 梭体系统1201、悬驱系统1202、备驱系统1203、梭内定位系统1204、空调系统1205、照明系统1206、视听互动系统1207、梭内传感系统1208、梭内安全系统1209、身份识别系统1210、梭内通信系统1211、梭内智控系统1212、线束系统1213、座椅系统1214
软组合 控保系统2 能源系统21 配电系统2101、节能系统2102
软组合 控保系统2 智控系统22 智能中央系统2201、人工控制系统2202、人机交互系统2203、客控系统2204、特控系统2205
软组合 控保系统2  通信系统23 智控通信系统2301、信息通信系统2302
软组合 控保系统2 服务系统24 站点系统2401、城际服务系统2402、检修系统2403、运维系统2404、泊车系统2405、保洁系统2406、飞梭SPP2407
软组合 控保系统2 安全系统25 致因监控系统2501、个人防护系统2502、健康监测触发系统2503
软组合 应急系统3 应急系统31 健康应急系统3101、事故应急系统3102、火情应急系统3103
软组合 数据系统4 数据系统41 采集系统4101、分析系统4102、存储系统4103
2. 表1中的STS框架和功能实现：
硬主体，主要表现为防护与运输所需的硬件，是实现STS运输功能的主体部分，主要功能之一：防护飞梭和软组合，由管线系统1101实现；主要功能之二：自动运输客货，由飞梭系统12实现。
软组合，主要表现为控制与服务所需的软件和服务，是保障STS运输主体自动运行的外围部分，主要功能之一：控制飞梭自动运行及各部分间的通信联络和数据获取，由智控系统22、通信系统23、数据系统41联合完成；主要功能之二：为整个STS提供能源、安全、应急和服务等支撑服务，由能源系统21、安全系统25、应急系统31、服务系统24完成。
3. 表1中STS父系构成和功能实现：
梭道系统1，提供路网所有设施的框架并运载乘客与货物。
控保系统2，控制并保障所有系统的自动运行。
应急系统3，异常时，处理各种紧急事件。
数据系统4，处理所有数据信息，数据为控保系统2所用。
4. 图1所示父系间的运行逻辑关系为：
图1中，飞梭交通分两大部分，一是梭道系统1构成STS运输主体，二是控保系统2、应急系统3和数据系统4构成STS智控联动，智控联动对STS起支持和保障作用。
常态时，图1中，控保系统2自动控制梭道系统1和数据系统4完成三大父系协调运行，三者之间呈交互式回馈、矫正、指令、响应、纠偏与存储模态。
异常时，图1中，应急系统3启动，控保系统2自动控制梭道系统1、应急系统3、数据系统4四大父系协调运行，四者之间呈交互式回馈、矫正、指令、响应、纠偏与存储模态。
5. 表1中STS各子系构成和功能实现：
管轨系统11，为飞梭系统12提供行驶的空间，为其他系统提供布设硬件的空间。
飞梭系统12，在管轨系统11中行驶，运输乘客或货物。
能源系统21，为整个STS提供能源。
智控系统22，通过通信系统23对STS各部分发送指令、协调运行。
通信系统23，为智控系统22与STS各部分之间的通信中枢，为人人对话、人机对话提供应用。
服务系统24，为管轨系统11、飞梭系统12、乘客提供相关服务。
安全系统25，为管轨系统11、飞梭系统12、乘客提供安全措施与保障。
应急系统31，为管轨系统11、飞梭系统12、乘客提供紧急状态时的应急响应。
数据系统41，通过通信系统23处理整个系统的数据，数据作为智控系统22指令、协调的依据。
6. 图2所示主要子系间和部分孙系间的运行逻辑关系为：
图2所示的STS独立运行的最小单元，由其可构成区域STS。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
图2左侧虚线大框内，管轨系统11、飞梭系统12、站点系统2401、立交系统1103（有交叉路口时）、城际服务系统2402（有城际管轨时）等主要系统构成图1中的梭道系统1，是STS运行的最小模块。其中管轨系统11为飞梭系统12的行驶轨道、路线和其他沿途布设的硬件提供空间，飞梭系统12为运载乘客或货物的运输设备，站点系统2401分布于管轨系统11适当位置，立交系统1103布设于所有交叉路口，城际服务系统2402分布在管轨系统11的城际路段。
图2虚线大框的右侧，能源系统21、智控系统22、通信系统23、服务系统24、安全系统25等主要系统构成图1中的控保系统2。其中，能源系统21为所有系统提供电力支持，智控系统22为所有系统的控制中心，通信系统23为各系统间的通信中枢，智控系统22通过通信系统23与其他各系统进行指令和数据通信并控制之，服务系统24为系统提供各种常态和临时的服务保障，安全系统25为减少各类安全事件提供保障。
图2右侧虚线小框下侧，应急系统31构成图1中的应急系统3。应急系统31处理各类紧急事件。
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图2右侧虚线小框下侧，数据系统41构成图1中的数据系统4。数据系统41处理所有数据信息，包括采集、分析和存储等。
7. 表1中各孙系的构成、位置关系和功能实现：
7.1. 管轨系统11中各孙系的构成位置关系和功能实现：
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管线系统1101，将移动的飞梭与外界隔离开，为飞梭系统12、磁轨系统1102、立交系统1103、站点系统1104、管线传感系统1105、布线系统1106、逃生通道1107等提供布设空间和防护。
磁轨系统1102，为飞梭提供行驶轨道，与悬驱系统1202共同作用形成磁浮力和磁驱力，以托起、驱动和制动飞梭。
立交系统1103，分布于管线系统1101中的所有路口，使得路口无停车。
站点系统1104，分布于管线系统1101的适当位置，为飞梭停靠、乘客上下或装卸货物提供空间。
管线传感系统1105，分布于管线系统1101的适当位置，单独或与梭内传感系统1208一起感测路况、车况、车速、车位、路线等信息。
布线系统1106，布设在管线系统1101中，包含能源、通信、智控等线路，分别传递电力、数据、指令等。
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逃生通道1107，与行车轨道隔离，用于应急逃生、检查维护、事故处理等相关人员的逃生或进出。
7.2. 飞梭系统12中各孙系的构成、位置关系和功能实现：
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
梭体系统1201，为布设飞梭系统12的其他孙系、运送乘客或货物提供空间，包含车门和逃生口等。其呈有利于减少风阻的外形，客梭和货梭微型化（客梭荷载不超4人且优化荷载1+1人，可私人专乘、可自愿拼车，使空载率最小化；货梭限量荷载），轻型化、智能化、磁悬驱、无人驾驶。其梭内传感系统1208与管线传感系统1105获得的飞梭状态信息，通过梭内通信系统1211和通信系统23，与智控系统22进行信息智能交互，随即智控系统22做出各类指令，作用于飞梭和其他系统，使其呈现不同的状态，以完成乘客上下或货物装卸、行驶、优化路径、制动、泊车等功能，实现一站直达。
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磁悬驱系统1202，和磁轨系统1102相互作用，完成飞梭悬驱、磁制动等悬浮、行驶、停止动作。
备驱系统1203，为飞梭系统12提供维修或应急时短时间的备用驱动。
梭内定位系统1204，与梭内传感系统1208和管线传感系统1105一起确定飞梭精准位置，并传送给智控系统22；梭内定位系统1204和管线传感系统1105感测的前后车距信息，和安全系统25的相关信息，经梭内通信系统1211和通信系统23传送给智控系统22，经智控系统22综合分析后，为飞梭提供防撞措施（如，加减速、制动、停靠等）。
空调系统1205、照明系统1206，分别实现梭内温度、含氧量、照明的调节功能。
视听互动系统1207，为乘客提供个人型或互动型娱乐音画，并实现与智控系统22人机对话，或与STS工作人员、医护人员、朋友、监护人等进行交流。
梭内传感系统1208，包含定位、测距、防撞、健康等的传感项，其感测飞梭运行状态和位置、梭内环境数据、乘客情况等信息，并结合管线传感系统1105完成飞梭综合感测数据，经梭内通信系统1211和通信系统23，馈送给智控系统22进行相应处理。
梭内安全系统1209，包含感测装置、报警装置、安全气囊、安全带和灭火器，为梭内安全提供感测、报警与防护。
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身份识别系统1210，用于感测乘客或货物的身份，并与数据系统41的库中大数据信息比对，用于智控系统22做出相应的处置指令（如，是否适宜乘坐、推送常态路线、友情提示、特别关注、锁定轨迹、锁定终点等）。
梭内通信系统1211，分布于梭内，通信通道呈有线和无线形式。其将源于管轨系统11、飞梭系统12、健康监测触发系统2503、梭内安全系统1209和乘客的各种信息或需求，经通信通道传递给梭内智控系统1212或/和智控系统22，必要时，传递给相关的处理终端、机构或个人。
梭内智控系统1212，为智控系统22的车载部分，为智控系统22的梭内执行端和信息回馈端，乘客或发货人可以给飞梭相应的需求或指令信息。
线束系统1213，布设于梭体系统1201的外壳与内饰之间，为飞梭系统12的各孙系提供有线信号通信或电力传送。
座椅系统1214，安装在梭体系统1201的框架结构上，可坐可卧。
7.3. 能源系统21中各孙系的构成、位置关系和功能实现：
配电系统2101，分布在整个管轨系统11、智控系统22、通信系统3、服务系统24、安全系统25、应急系统31和数据系统41中，为其配送电力。
节能系统2102，分布在管线系统1101和/或梭体系统1201中，与智控系统22协同，回收和利用高速行驶飞梭产生的能量。
7.4. 智控系统22中各孙系的构成、位置关系和功能实现：
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
智能中央系统2201，作为STS整个系统全自动运行的控制中心，借助不同的功能模块，运用物联网运行机制，通过通信系统23与其他各系统进行信息交换，对飞梭和其他系统进行运行控制和智能处理，实现包括无人驾驶、一站直达在内的各种全自动智能控制机制。
人工控制系统2202，用于在安装调试、检修、维修、保洁、应急等活动时，对某飞梭或某路段或某区域进行人工控制，可与智能中央系统2201切换。
 人机交互系统2203，为乘客提供必要的自由选择权，即通过乘客与智能中央系统2201进行人机对话，让后者判断信息是否可行并发出指令，以满足乘客的合理需求（如，切换终点、进入服务区、呼叫等）。
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客控系统2204，为应急时允许乘客自主操作飞梭的临时有限控制。
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特控系统2205，为特殊情况时（如，急救、赶考、嫌犯乘车、军事需要等）允许人工介入启动或智控系统22自动判断启动某些特殊操作，以保证获得必要的特殊结果。
 7.5. 通信系统23中各孙系的构成、位置关系和功能实现：
 智控通信系统2301，是智控系统22与其他子孙系间通过物联网自动进行通信联络的纽带，由智控系统22控制并接受和分析信息，再行发出相应的指令。
信息通信系统2302，分布在STS的各点位，包含民用、警用、军用等的通信交流，不涉及控制飞梭运行的指令。
 7.6. 服务系统24中各孙系的构成、位置关系和功能实现：
站点系统2401，布设在管线系统1101中，包含身份识别、去向统计、站点指引、临时休息、上下车计时、自动扣缴车费等。站点布设位置可以是常规的公交车站布局方式，也可以是特定区域。其包含硬件和服务。
城际服务系统2402，为管线系统1101的城际路段布设的服务区及相关服务。
检修系统2403，是对STS 全系统进行定时检查和维修服务。
运维系统2404，是对STS 运行的保障系统，是常规的系统维护工作。
泊车系统2405，包含管线系统1101中涉及的不同功能轨道，控制在不同时段就近在线泊车。其可包括专用于泊车的管线或区域，或检修系统2403的泊车区域。
保洁系统2406，是对飞梭、管轨系统11等的内外进行清洁、洗消和保养活动的整套保障系统，也可包括不同天气所带来的保洁需求。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
飞梭APP2407，为乘客或发货人获得各种出行信息、预定飞梭、预设终点、预约同乘或拼车、参与调查、评价投诉、确定监护人以及其他服务的客户端，便于提高飞梭的运行效率，增加乘客好感和飞梭的亲和力。
 7.7. 安全系统25中各孙系的构成、位置关系和功能实现：
致因监控系统2501，是对STS系统中可能导致事故发生的原因进行监测和控制的软硬件组合，其监测数据，经梭内通信系统1211和通信系统23，发送给智控系统22和数据系统41处理，并做出事故预判、预警、消除、规避、应急等各种处置指令或信息发布。
个人防护系统2502，是设置在管轨系统11、飞梭系统12等系统中，对个人安全进行防护的有关措施和响应机制，包含梭内安全系统1209。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
健康监测触发系统2503，是利用梭内传感系统1208对乘客的健康进行全程监测，经智控系统22自动判断后，启动健康应急系统3101的系统。或者乘客利用人机交互系统2203向智控系统22提供个人健康信息或者就医需求，以改变行驶终点或启动健康应急系统3101的系统。
 7.8. 应急系统31中各孙系的构成、位置关系和功能实现：
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
 健康应急系统3101，在梭体系统1201中，用于监测乘客主要健康指标，经智控系统22判断后自动确定是否直接将乘客改送医院，或给出建议让乘客自己选择。而当出现生命体征明显异常时，智控系统22自动决定启用应急方案，将乘客送至适当医院，同时通知院方和监护人。其包含避让出绿色通道、加速驶向医院、呼叫院方、呼叫监护人或朋友等。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
事故应急系统3102，由分布在管线系统1101、梭体系统1201上的事故感应装置构成该系统硬件，其感测的事故或异常信号通过通信系统23传递给智控系统22，或者乘客通过人机交互系统2203进行呼叫，触发智控系统22启动应急响应。其包含紧急停车、逃生、急救、退避事故点等。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
火情应急系统3103，当管线系统1101、梭体系统1201或其他硬件系统发生火情，则分布于这些硬件上的管线传感系统1105、梭内传感系统1208发送感测信号给智控系统22触发启动火情应急响应，和/或经视听互动系统1207发送给乘客以启动火情应急响应。火情应急响应包括管线系统1101中的自动喷淋启动和飞梭内部的小型灭火器启用，以及紧急停车、逃生、救护等。
7.9. 数据系统41中各孙系的构成、位置关系和功能实现：
采集系统4101，由分布在管线系统1101、梭体系统1201和其他部位的各类传感器，感测收集包含乘客身份、站点、管道、轨道、能源、飞梭、权级、客流、分布、定位等各类信息数据，通过梭内通信系统1211和通信系统23，将其传到数据系统41的数据中心。
分析系统4102，对上述数据进行综合统计和大数据分析，获得有利于乘客更好体验的数据，或获得STS改进的决策依据。这些经过分析的数据依据，被用于智控系统22对整个STS系统进行更有效的控制，或用于对乘客推送更有价值的信息，或用于指导工程师改进STS，或用于公安、军事等机构的特殊行动。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
存储系统4103，置于云端，为上述各种数据提供存储空间，以便进一步分析和调用。
 7.10. 图3所示主要子系和孙系间的逻辑关系为：
图3虚线大框内，是图2所示的STS基本运行单元的嵌套组合，形成更大的区域STS。
图3中，00只是区域STS的临时代号，如前所述。
图3中虚线大框右侧部分与图2中虚线大框右侧部分，呈等同关系，放在此处是为了直观显示城际或国际STS的各个主要组成部分及逻辑关系。
 本发明的实施方式
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
实施例1，路段STS的实施：
如，昌平天通苑小区到北京国贸CBD中心的路段STS的1人（或1+1人）乘车：
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
在天通苑小区和CBD中心各设一个站点系统2401（分称A站和B站），乘客1人（也可跟1位亲朋或拼车者同乘）在A站终端输入目的地B站后乘车，或乘车后在客控系统2204上输入目的地，落座在座椅系统1214后，车门自动关闭，视听互动系统1207提醒乘客系好安全带，同时，飞梭内的身份识别系统1210自动确认乘客身份，并与目的地进行许可匹配，判断是否具备优特权，若无，则智能中央系统2201将线路设定为常规通道（常规通道也是时间最短的优选通道），若有（如军人或执法人员、学生、医生等），则将路线设定为优先通道或特许通道，若乘客无权进入目的地，则提醒乘客修改目的地或拒载，之后，智能中央系统2201自动控制梭体系统1201，在管线系统1101中的磁轨系统1102上，以尽可能高的速度行驶，从A站直达B站，中间不做任何停车。到达前，视听互动系统1207自动提醒乘客做好下车准备（不用担心坐过站，也不会坐过）。到达B站时，车门自动打开，乘客拎包离车即可，飞梭自动在管线内某个适当位置在线泊车，静候重启指令。行车期间，乘客可坐可卧可办公，可使用空调系统1205、照明系统1206，可使用视听互动系统1207自娱自乐，或与他人连线互动，或改变目的地；行车期间，健康监测触发系统2503发现乘客身体异常，则触发健康应急系统3101提醒乘客，并与医院和监护人取得联系，必要时，直接开辟绿色通道，改变线路，将乘客送往最近适合医院（假设医院已设站点）；行车期间，若身份识别系统1210进一步判断乘客有重大嫌疑，则自动启动特控系统2205，通知警察核实，若确系疑犯，则由警察确定对该乘客的处置方式，并自动记录其行驶轨迹，必要时，直接锁定车门将疑犯羁押至公安局（假设公安局已设站点）；行车期间，如遇火情，自动触发火情应急系统3103，并做出紧急停车、启动车门、开启最近逃生通道、必要时自动启动喷淋系统，或者快速驶离、退出或提前避开火情路段。整个过程相关数据，由数据系统41将其通过通信系统23，直接上传至智能中央系统2201，并存储在存储系统4103中。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
实例施2，片区STS和城市STS的实施：
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
在实施例1的基础上，在天通苑小区的不同位置增加更多站点系统2401，由管轨系统11连接各个站点，便形成了天通苑小区STS；通常三个站点即可形成片区STS，若加上通往北京国贸CBD的线路，则形成更大的片区STS，如此延伸。城市STS相当于更大的片区STS。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
实施例3，城际STS的实施：
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
在实施例2的基础上，从北京国贸CBD到上海陆家嘴CBD（分称B站和C站），只需在两端城市STS外缘的两个站点之间，增加管轨系统11连接两个城市，并在沿途适当间距增设城际服务系统2402，即构成城际STS。从B站上车，经过北京的城市STS线路，沿北京上海之间的管线系统1101行驶，期间，可以在某个城际服务系统2402小休，再经上海的城市STS线路，即可直达C站，全程路线是用时最短的最佳路径，飞梭可以在城际间以更高的速度行驶。整个过程，无需像2TS那样：先从B站乘车或开车——到北京火车站或北京某机场候车或候机——再乘高铁或飞机至上海火车站或上海某机场——再乘车到C站。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
实施例4，国家STS或全球STS的实施：
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
将实施例3的方式，同样类推到全国各地或世界各国，即构成国家STS或全球STS。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
实施例5，将车站植入特定区域和优特权的实施：
如将管轨系统11延伸到长城景区内的D站，全国各地的游客从家门口上车，下车就到长城景区D站；再如将管轨系统11延伸到某校区内的E站，学生或老师从家门口上车，经身份识别系统1210判断为该校学生或老师，飞梭就会直接驶入校区内，不再横穿马路，闲杂人等更无法进入校区。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
实施例6，灭火功能的实施：
如某点火情传感器感应到火情信息时，触发火情应急系统3103，其根据传感位置，自动启动该点最近的喷淋灭火功能，同时自动启动该点两端的最近F站和G站的限入功能，自动撤离FG段内所有飞梭，自动通知人工采取应急处置方案。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
实施例7，在线泊车功能的实施：
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
在低峰时段或其他临时无用车需求时，智能中央系统2201自动为空闲飞梭就近安排在线泊位泊车，并可随时重启之。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
实施例8，同城不同地的多人去同一城不同地的运输方式的实施（即，非集散型运输方式）：
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
如青岛不同区的乘客要到北京不同区，不同乘客就近坐上飞梭，各自飞梭自动选择路况与最佳路段组合成最优路线，直达各自目的地，中间没有任何停留，更不需要先在青岛集中乘坐高铁或飞机到北京，再分别转乘到达各自目的地。每个人的具体运行过程同实施例3，大家起止点不同、路线不同，都省去了集中进站、定时发车和集中出站。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
实施例9，提升高峰通勤能力的实施：
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
例1，亚洲最大的地铁换乘站宋家庄站“2019年地铁宋家庄站日均早高峰进站量2.62万人次，换乘量6.07万人次”（源自：《2020年北京市交通发展年报》）。实施STS后，所有乘客不需要在宋家庄站换乘，只有附近乘客进站乘车，此时，换乘量：由6.07万人次降为0；进站量：离宋家庄站稍远点的乘客就近乘车，不需要到宋家庄站（注：通常两站之间的一半距离做半径，半径以外的乘客会选择离他们更近的站点乘车），因此，进站量会大幅减少。
[根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
例2，2018年9月工作日，北京市副中心与中心城区连接主要通道车流量共计30.3万辆标准车，早高峰小时车流量为1.9630万pcu/小时，晚高峰小时车流量为1.6457万pcu/小时（源自：《2019年北京交通发展年报》）。实施STS后，以非主要路段双向6车道计算，小时车流量最低15万pcu/小时。可见，STS非主要路段的常规运力，就是2TS主要路段的高峰运力的7.6-9.1倍。
 工业实用性
本发明具有很强的工业实用性，其表现在以下几个方面：
本发明解决问题是当前全球共同面对、亟待解决的交通问题。
本发明所用技术均为当前成熟技术、可行技术。
本发明在解决运输车辆及运输系统的同时，把当前人类面临的双碳问题、能源问题一并得以解决。
本发明即可局部应用（如，一个高峰路段、一个片区、两个城市之间等），又可全局应用（如，一个城市、一个国家等）。从局部到全局的应用，只需将标准的管轨系统不断拼装、延伸、嵌套，即可覆盖更大区域，形成更大的区域STS，最终实现全球通行。
本发明的应用范围越大，即站点越多，其有益效果就越发明显。假设有n个站点，其意义与两点线路数一样，呈排列P(2，n)式增长。

Claims (9)

  1. [根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
    基于物联网的运输飞梭，即飞梭系统或飞梭，其构成包括：梭体系统、悬驱系统、备驱系统、梭内定位系统、空调系统、照明系统、视听互动系统、梭内传感系统、梭内安全系统、身份识别系统、梭内通信系统、梭内智控系统、线束系统、乘客座椅系统，其特征在于：轻质微型流线型，分客梭、货梭，荷载不超4人且优化荷载1+1人或限量货物，应用电能、磁悬浮、磁驱动和磁制动；各构成部分基于物联网技术进行架构，智能化协同运行；受控于智控系统，在封闭或半封闭的管道内全天时全天候运行，无人驾驶，不限速行驶，在线泊车，其行驶线路和车速因路况实时动态调整，而线路和车速则以用时最短、不停车和系统资源最优化利用为原则，由智控系统做出判断并发出指令。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的梭内传感系统和身份识别系统，其特征在于：采用状态传感和身份识别装置，感测飞梭与客货信息，并传递给智控系统以确定飞梭和客货的身份、状态、优先权和/或特许权、健康情况和轨迹信息。
  3. 基于物联网的飞梭交通系统，特指陆上交通运输系统，其父系构成包括：梭道系统、控保系统、数据系统、应急系统，其中，梭道系统的子系构成包括：管轨系统、飞梭系统，控保系统的子系构成包括：能源系统、智控系统、通信系统、服务系统、安全系统，其特征在于：整体受控于控保系统，自动完成客货运输；各构成部分基于物联网技术进行架构，智能化协同运行；采用颠覆传统交通系统的框架结构、运行模式和管控机制，其中：框架结构采用飞梭融入交通、跨业联动的智控联合体模式；运行模式采用荷载化整为零、轻量快运的高效非集运模式；管控机制采用自动替代人工、联合智控的物联智能化模式。
  4. 如权利要求3所述飞梭交通系统，其特征还在于：免购票云支付、飞梭APP推送交通实时动态信息及建议、预约；自动启动安全或/和健康突发事件应急预案、常规车道实时秒变非固定绿色通道、电话主叫消防机构或医院、监护人。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的框架结构、运行模式和管控机制，其特征分别还在于：框架结构：用全部标准模组化的各种构件组建飞梭交通系统，用管线将高风险移动的运输飞梭与控制和服务于运输的要素、及其他外部风险因素隔开，以物联网技术作基础，将飞梭与其支持性交通基础设施和产业整合，并与特定区域无缝衔接，实施车辆、交通、服务多业融合；运行模式：采用微型飞梭、站点非群体乘车、可拼车、可网约、不限通行区域、一站直达的运输方式，采用无人驾驶、可不经停、不限速的驾驭方式，采用在线行车、在线泊车、即时响应的在线行泊方式，采用去可视化行车信号标识、去人工、由智控系统联合控制、去除无效时程模式；管控机制：以物联网+互联网+通信网+大数据的信息交互方式，对飞梭实时定位、对线路动态优化，从信息交互上、控制指令上，用智控系统将飞梭交通系统各构成要素互联起来，运用监测、预判、预设、防错与可优化的运控分离技术，对其进行控制。
  6. [根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
    如权利要求5所述的管线和站点，即管线系统和站点系统，其特征分别在于：路网上，以封闭或半封闭的管道形式，将飞梭与外界行人、其他车辆、天气影响、智能控制系统、风险因素隔离开，内设磁轨系统，不同管线交叉处立交化，消减事故致因或切断致因链；站点分布于管线之上，站点包含硬件和服务，作为飞梭进出、上下乘客、装卸货物、应急避让、在线泊车、城际小休的功能节点；管线和站点可植入特定区域，与其他运输设备或区域无缝衔接。
  7. [根据细则91更正 11.07.2022]　
    如权利要求1或2或3或5所述智控系统，其构成包括：智能中央系统、人工控制系统、人机交互系统、客控系统、特控系统，其特征在于：其构成可以是各功能部分，也可是一个完整的控制系统，并不一定独立开来，其因使用者或控制对象决定其用途特征；其通过通信系统获取物联网感测的飞梭交通各构成部分和要素的信息数据，并通过通信系统对飞梭交通系统各物联构成部分协同运行进行控制；其为全自动、联合智控的控制模式，可人工干预；其控制算法以实时最优化所有飞梭的不停车线路、资源利用率和系统均衡性为原则。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的特控系统，其特征在于：设置特控功能和高优先权，独立地对飞梭或/和飞梭交通系统的局部或全部进行特定控制，为军警专配系统。
  9. 如权利要求3或4或5或6或7或8所述的飞梭系统或飞梭，其构成和特征在于：与权利要求1和2所述飞梭系统或飞梭完全相同。
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