WO2023000821A1

WO2023000821A1 - Insulator and mounting structure thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2023000821A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/095401
Authority: WO
Inventors: 吕阶军; 张彦林; 陈珍宝; 蒋聪健; 冯叶; 陈明国; 李军; 王秋红
Original assignee: 中车株洲电力机车有限公司
Priority date: 2021-07-22
Filing date: 2022-05-27
Publication date: 2023-01-26
Also published as: CN113421726A; CN113421726B

Abstract

Disclosed is an insulator (10), comprising a core rod (1) and a housing (2). The housing (2) wraps around an outer side of the core rod (1), two hoses (3) are arranged inside the housing (2), the two hoses (3) are arranged around the core rod (1), the two hoses (3) are distributed in a double spiral manner, and the hoses (3) communicate the top and the bottom of the housing (2) with each other; and the housing (2) is in the shape of an elliptical truncated cone, any horizontal cross section thereof is elliptical, and the horizontal projection area of the top end of the housing (2) is smaller than the horizontal projection area of the bottom end; and an outer surface of the housing (2) has a first umbrella shed (6), a second umbrella shed (7) and a third umbrella shed (8), which have elliptical horizontal projections. Further disclosed is a mounting structure of the insulator (10). The insulator (10) and the mounting structure thereof strengthen the mechanical strength and insulation performance of high-speed pantograph insulators of a main electric locomotive and a high-speed motor train unit, construct a better mechanical connection and an air path conduction mode between a pantograph and a roof (9), optimize a layout mode of the roof (9), and reduce aerodynamic drag and noise under high-speed operation of a vehicle.

Description

An insulator and its installation structure

technical field

The invention relates to an insulator and an installation structure thereof, belonging to the field of rail transit current receiving technology, in particular to an insulator for a pantograph, especially suitable for main-line electric locomotives and high-speed EMUs used in 25kV overhead catenary.

Background technique

China has a vast territory, deep inland, large population, unbalanced distribution of resources and industrial layout. Railway transportation has become a widely used mode of transportation in the domestic comprehensive transportation system due to its own advantages and important status and role in social development. In the future, the coverage of the railway network will be further expanded, the structure of the road network will be more optimized, and the role of the backbone will be more significant. In order to meet the public's diversified needs for transportation methods, speed, convenience and comfort, the transportation field has ushered in extensive and profound changes. Among them, high-speed railway lines have been rolled out and constructed on a large scale in recent years to form a railway network. The operating speed of the high-speed rail is increased from 350km/h to 400km/h for the development of vehicle equipment. In addition, other transportation methods such as high-speed maglev transportation are also being explored in depth.

At present, the pantograph and overhead catenary sliding contact current receiving method is still only adopted by main line electric locomotives and high-speed EMUs, and high-speed EMUs with an operating speed of 400km/h will continue to adopt this method in the future. The main line locomotive and high-speed EMU power supply network is a 25kV overhead catenary. The pantograph is installed on the roof through the insulator to realize the mechanical connection and high-voltage insulation between the pantograph and the vehicle. The failure of the insulator includes insulation layer peeling and tearing, flash pollution and Insulation failure discharge. Airbag drive is the current mainstream mode of pantograph drive, that is, an insulating hose is used for air conduction between the pantograph and the roof, and the insulating hose itself is soft and has a certain length (creep distance > 1000mm) and there is free swaying. The exposed arrangement on the roof will affect the aerodynamic performance of the roof components and generate extra noise. At the same time, it is also vulnerable to the intrusion of foreign objects and collision damage, which will cause the air supply to be interrupted and the bow to drop.

As the speed of the vehicle continues to increase, especially the 400km/h high-speed EMU, the requirements for the aerodynamic shape, noise and reliability of the vehicle and roof components are getting higher and higher. And Pantograph Fluid-Structure Coupling Research” (Yang Zhen, Lanzhou Jiaotong University), the aerodynamic resistance of each part of the pantograph is different, there are large and small, the proportion of the rod is the smallest, and the proportion of the bow head is the largest. It becomes the main resistance reduction object; the resistance accounts for 34.9% of the second base frame (underframe + insulator), and the deformation of each part of the pantograph gradually decreases from the pantograph bow down to the base frame. Based on the above aerodynamic simulation analysis, combined with the aerodynamic performance of high-speed EMUs with a speed of 350 kilometers per hour, how to design the structure and shape of the insulator bow head to reduce resistance and noise will be of great importance to the whole bow in the development of pantographs for high-speed EMUs with a speed of 400 kilometers per hour. The improvement in aerodynamic performance is significant. There is an urgent need for a new type of composite insulator with high strength, high insulation performance, low air resistance, low noise, and air conduction to meet higher speed and more stringent application requirements. The development of new composite insulator products is in line with the current Market demand, but also great economic and social benefits.

Contents of the invention

In order to improve the strength of the insulator and reduce air resistance and noise, the invention provides an insulator, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.

An insulator comprising a mandrel and a casing, the sheath wrapping the outside of the mandrel, characterized in that two hoses are arranged inside the sheath, and the two hoses are arranged around the mandrel, And the two flexible pipes are distributed in a double helix, and the flexible pipes connect the top and the bottom of the casing.

Further, the top of the mandrel is fixedly provided with a connecting piece, the top of the connecting piece protrudes from the shell, and the top of the connecting piece is provided with an internal threaded hole.

Further, the housing is in the shape of an elliptical truncated cone, any horizontal section of which is an ellipse, and the horizontal projected area of the top end of the shell is smaller than the horizontal projected area of the bottom end.

Further, the outer surface of the shell has a first shed, a second shed and a third shed, and the projections of the first shed, the second shed and the third shed on the horizontal plane are all elliptical , the projected area of the first shed is greater than the projected area of the second shed, and the projected area of the second shed is greater than the projected area of the third shed; the highest shed and the lowest shed on the outer surface of the shell Both use the first shed, the third shed and the second shed are arranged alternately between the highest first shed and the lowest first shed, and the long axis of the ellipse of the third shed is perpendicular to the The long axis of the ellipse of the first shed, the long axis of the ellipse of the first shed is parallel to the long axis of the ellipse of the second shed and the long axis of the ellipse of the shell. Preferably, the length of the minor axis of the ellipse of the third shed is shorter than the minor axis of the ellipse of the housing where the third shed is located.

Preferably, the first shed, the third shed, the second shed, the third shed, the second shed, the third shed, and the first shed are sequentially distributed on the outer surface of the housing from top to bottom .

Further, flanges are provided on the bottom of the mandrel and the shell.

The present invention also relates to the installation structure of the above-mentioned insulator, the flange at the bottom of the insulator is connected to the roof through fasteners, the top of the insulator is connected to the pantograph chassis through fasteners, the roof and the Two insulators are arranged between the pantograph chassis, the two insulators are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the car body, and the two insulators are located on both sides of the longitudinal center line of the car body;

A hose of one of the insulators connects the air source in the vehicle body with the pantograph air duct, and a hose of the other insulator becomes a part of the pantograph ADD feedback air circuit.

Further, the major axes of the ellipse of the first shed and the second shed of the insulator are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the major axis of the ellipse of the third shed of the insulator is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.

The invention is beneficial to strengthen the mechanical strength and insulation performance of high-speed pantograph insulators for main line electric locomotives and high-speed EMUs, build a better mechanical connection and gas path conduction mode between the pantograph and the roof, optimize the layout of the roof, and reduce the Aerodynamic drag and noise at high speeds.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an insulator of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the insulator of the present invention (the viewing direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the car body);

Fig. 3 is a side view of the insulator of the present invention (the viewing direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body);

Fig. 4 is the top view of the insulator of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the bottom view of the insulator of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a front view of the pantograph and insulator installation structure of the present invention (the viewing direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the car body);

Fig. 7 is a side view of the pantograph and insulator installation structure of the present invention (the viewing direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the car body);

Fig. 8 is a top view of the pantograph and insulator installation structure of the present invention.

In the figure: mandrel 1, shell 2, hose 3, flange 4, flange insert 4.1, connector 5, first shed 6, second shed 7, third shed 8, roof 9, Insulator 10, pantograph underframe 11, bolt 12, boss 13, air supply pipe 14, air inlet pipe 15, quick discharge valve 16, pantograph airbag 17, air duct 18, air duct 19 inside the vehicle.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 1-5, the insulator includes a mandrel 1 and a shell 2, the shell 2 is wrapped around the outside of the mandrel 1, and two hoses 3 are arranged inside the shell 2, and the two hoses 3 are arranged around the mandrel 1, and two The hose 3 is distributed in a double helix, and the hose 3 connects the top and the bottom of the shell 2; the top of the mandrel 1 protrudes from the shell 2, and the top of the mandrel 1 is provided with an internal thread hole; the shell 2 is in the shape of a truncated cone; the core The bottom of the rod 1 and the shell 2 is provided with a flange 4; the top of the mandrel 1 is fixedly provided with a connecting piece 5, and the top of the connecting piece 5 protrudes from the shell 2, and the top of the connecting piece 5 is provided with an internal threaded hole.

Mandrel 1 is made of glass fiber insulating mandrel, mandrel 1 is fixedly connected with flange insert 4.1, mandrel 1, flange insert 4.1, hose 3 and connector 5 are pre-embedded in the insulator casting mold together, and then poured Epoxy resin forms the insulator, the shell 2 of the insulator is made of epoxy resin, the flange 4 includes the flange insert 4.1 and the epoxy resin including the flange insert 4.1, and the top of the connector 5 protrudes from the top of the shell 2; Both part 5 and flange insert 4.1 are made of metal materials.

The hose 3 forms the built-in double-helix air passage of the insulator. The two air passages form two air passages, and the two air passages can be respectively connected with the air intake passage and the feedback air passage of the pantograph, so as to realize the connection between the pantograph and the vehicle. Internal air source connection and monitoring. The hose 3 is an air hose made of insulating material, and the specific material can be PTFE composite material + 15% glass fiber. The outer diameter of the hose 3 is φ10, the inner diameter is φ8, and its insulation level is 25kV. The airway of this double helix structure has the following advantages. On the one hand, it makes the air path in the vertical installation direction of the insulator smooth and unobstructed, so as to avoid the accumulation of impurities in the air source and pipeline under the long-term gravity, and at the same time make the air path smooth without aerodynamic impact; on the other hand, the double helix structure It can effectively increase the length of the airway itself, thereby increasing its internal creepage distance, and rationally design the middle diameter and spacing of the spiral structure, which can meet the requirements of the internal creepage distance under 25kV voltage. At the same time, the double-helix airway avoids the airway from weakening the mechanical strength of the insulator to the greatest extent.

Shell 2 is in the shape of an elliptical cone, and its arbitrary horizontal section is elliptical, and the horizontal projected area of the top of the shell 2 is smaller than the horizontal projected area of the bottom.

The outer surface of the shell 2 has a first shed 6, a second shed 7 and a third shed 8, and the projections of the first shed 6, the second shed 7 and the third shed 8 in the horizontal plane are elliptical , the projected area of the first shed 6 is greater than the projected area of the second shed 7, and the projected area of the second shed 7 is greater than the projected area of the third shed 8; the highest shed and the lowest shed on the outer surface of the shell 2 are both The first shed 6 is used, the third shed 8 and the second shed 7 are arranged alternately between the highest first shed 6 and the lowest first shed 6, and the long axis of the ellipse of the third shed 8 is vertical With regard to the major axis of the ellipse of the first shed 6 , the major axis of the ellipse of the first shed 6 is parallel to the major axis of the ellipse of the second shed 7 and the major axis of the ellipse of the housing 2 . In Fig. 3, the first shed 6, the third shed 8, the second shed 7, the third shed 8, the second shed 7, the third shed 8, and the first shed 6 from top to bottom Distributed on the outer surface of the shell 2. Preferably, the length of the minor axis of the ellipse of the third shed 8 is less than the minor axis of the ellipse of the housing where the third shed 8 is located (the shed is in the form of a non-surrounding housing, and the shed is only symmetrically arranged on both sides of the minor axis of the ellipse of the housing. side). The elliptical shed and the elliptical frustum-shaped shell enhance the overall aerodynamic shape of the insulator.

The mandrel adopts the equal-strength structural design of the upper small and lower large elliptical cones to improve the overall aerodynamic shape of the insulator

Different from the existing gyroscopic shape insulators (the sheds and columns are round), in order to fully consider the influence of the insulator's structural strength and shape on the aerodynamic performance of the pantograph, the insulator's shell and sheds are designed as non-gyroscopic structure shapes, From a top view, its overall shape is elliptical, wherein the major axis of the ellipse is consistent with the running direction of the train (the major axis of the ellipse is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the car body), and the minor axis of the ellipse is perpendicular to the running direction of the train. The sheds have an elliptical shape and are arranged around the vertical axis of the insulator. The sheds are designed according to the size of the large shed (corresponding to the first shed), the middle shed (corresponding to the second shed), and the small shed (corresponding to the second shed). There are three kinds of three umbrella skirts, and the arrangement sequence along the height direction of the insulator is large umbrella skirt, small umbrella skirt, middle umbrella skirt, small umbrella skirt, middle umbrella skirt, small umbrella skirt, and large umbrella skirt. The sheds are mainly used to increase the creepage distance. The large, medium and small sheds are arranged as above, which can ensure that the creepage distance in each direction is approximately the same, thereby reducing the total mass of the sheds; the sheds are arranged according to the large, medium and small sheds, mainly considering Rain, snow, dirt, etc. are eroded and adhered to avoid the formation of passages being broken down and creepage; the protruding parts of the large, medium and small sheds will affect the aerodynamic performance. According to the above arrangement, the aerodynamic flow between the sheds can be guaranteed. The directional wind resistance is basically the same, avoiding adverse aerodynamic effects such as eddy currents. Among them, the long axis of the ellipse of the large and middle sheds is consistent with the running direction of the train, and the long axis of the ellipse of the small shed is perpendicular to the running direction of the train. They are 300mm and 230mm respectively, and the length of the small umbrella skirt and the end shaft are 180mm and 130mm respectively.

The shell 2 of the insulator is designed as an elliptical frustum of equal strength, with the major and minor axes of the top ellipse being 120 mm and 80 mm respectively, and the major and minor axes of the bottom ellipse being 164 mm and 110 mm respectively.

The insulator with an elliptical shape structure makes it directional during installation and use, in which the large and middle sheds surround the vertical axis of the insulator and are symmetrically arranged with the major and short axes of the ellipse, while the small sheds are only symmetrically arranged on the shell On both sides of the short axis of the ellipse 2, the three types of sheds are arranged in a differentiated manner along the long and short axes of the ellipse. The number of sheds and the windward area of the insulator on the windward side are increased, thereby reducing the resistance and disturbance of the sheds to high-speed airflow, and at the same time reducing the probability of the insulator sheds being hit and torn by foreign objects under high-speed operation.

As shown in Figures 6-8, the insulator 10 is installed between the roof 9 and the pantograph underframe 11, and is used to support the pantograph underframe 11. The flange 4 at the bottom of the insulator 10 is passed through a bolt 12 (an example of a fastener) ) is connected to the roof 9, and the connecting piece 5 on the top of the insulator 10 is connected to the pantograph chassis 11 through bolts 12 and bosses 13, where the bosses 13 can be used to adjust the pantograph mounting surface to adjust the pantograph The electrical gap with the roof; two insulators 10 are arranged between the roof 9 and the pantograph underframe 11, the two insulators 10 are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the two insulators 10 are located on the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body The two sides of the insulator 10; the elliptical major axis of the first shed 6 and the second shed 7 of the insulator 10 are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the elliptical major axis of the third shed 8 of the insulator 10 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.

As shown in Figure 6-8, the air supply pipe 14 of the air source in the vehicle is connected to the lower end of the air path of an insulator, the air inlet pipe 15 of the pantograph chassis 11 is connected to the upper end of the air path of the insulator, and the air inlet pipe 15 communicates with the pantograph airbag 17 through the quick exhaust valve 16, so that the air source in the vehicle is supplied to the airbag through the air passage of the insulator, and the airbag expands to realize bow lift.

The pantograph ADD feedback gas path, the air duct 18 of the pantograph chassis 11 communicates with the upper end of the air duct of another insulator 10, and the lower end of the other insulator 10 communicates with the air duct 19 inside the vehicle, thus forming an The pantograph ADD feedback air path between the bow and the air duct inside the vehicle.

A two-point installation method (two insulators) is adopted between the pantograph underframe 11 and the roof 9, and the two insulators are respectively arranged on the pantograph underframe 11 in front and behind along the train running direction (pantograph running direction). On both sides, the mechanical connection and gas path conduction between the pantograph and the roof are realized. The literature "External Flow Field Characteristics of 400km/h High-Speed Train and Pantograph Fluid-Structure Coupling Research" (Yang Zhen) research is based on the conventional three-point pantograph installation method, in which the resistance of the base frame (underframe + insulator) accounts for about 34.9%. Compared with the conventional three-point installation method of the pantograph, the two-point installation method reduces the number of insulators on the windward side of the pantograph from 3 to 2, which can greatly reduce the number of insulators on the windward side of the pantograph, thereby reducing the speed of the vehicle. Running air resistance and noise.

Taking a certain type of pantograph as an example, the aerodynamic resistance of each part in the opening direction of the pantograph at 400 km is calculated for the insulators with the same cross-section under the three-point installation and two-point installation methods respectively. The resistance of each part in the aerodynamic simulation is shown in Table 1. Compared with the three-point installation, the two-point installation reduces the insulator + chassis by about 29.4%, and the overall bow resistance reduces by 14.1%. This drag reduction effect is of great significance for improving the roof resistance and layout.

Table 1: Aerodynamic simulation of the resistance of each component in the opening direction of the pantograph at a speed of 400 kilometers per hour

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other if there is no conflict. The present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation, the above specific implementation is only illustrative, rather than limiting, those skilled in the art under the enlightenment of the present invention, without departing from the purpose and rights of the present invention In the case of requiring the scope of protection, many forms can also be made, and these all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

An insulator comprising a core rod (1) and a casing (2), the casing (2) wrapping the core rod (1), characterized in that two hoses are arranged inside the casing (2) (3), the two hoses (3) are arranged around the mandrel (1), and the two hoses (3) are distributed in a double helix, and the hoses (3) connect the shell ( 2) The top and bottom are connected.
The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, the top of the mandrel (1) is fixedly provided with a connecting piece (5), and the top of the connecting piece (5) protrudes from the shell (2 ), and the top of the connector (5) is provided with an internal threaded hole.
The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, the housing (2) is in the shape of an elliptical truncated cone, and any horizontal section thereof is an ellipse, and the horizontal projection area of the top of the housing (2) is smaller than the horizontal projection of the bottom end area.
An insulator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the outer surface of the housing (2) has a first shed (6), a second shed (7) and a third shed (8), the projections of the first shed (6), the second shed (7) and the third shed (8) in the horizontal plane are elliptical, and the projection of the first shed (6) The area is greater than the projected area of the second shed (7), and the projected area of the second shed (7) is greater than the projected area of the third shed (8); the highest shed and the outer surface of the shell (2) The lowest sheds all adopt the first sheds (6), the third sheds (8) and the second sheds (7) are alternately arranged on the highest first sheds (6) and the lowest first sheds (6) ), the long axis of the ellipse of the third shed (8) is perpendicular to the long axis of the ellipse of the first shed (6), and the long axis of the ellipse of the first shed (6) is parallel to the The major axis of the ellipse of the second shed (7) and the major axis of the ellipse of the shell (2).
The insulator according to claim 4, characterized in that the length of the minor axis of the ellipse of the third shed (8) is smaller than the minor axis of the ellipse of the casing (2) where the third shed (8) is located.
An insulator according to claim 4, characterized in that the first shed (6), the third shed (8), the second shed (7), the third shed (8), the second shed The skirt (7), the third umbrella skirt (8) and the first umbrella skirt (6) are distributed sequentially on the outer surface of the shell (2) from top to bottom.
The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that flanges (4) are provided on the bottoms of the mandrel (1) and the shell (2).
An installation structure of an insulator according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: the flange (4) at the bottom of the insulator is connected to the roof (9) through fasteners, and the top of the insulator Connected to the pantograph underframe (11) by fasteners, two insulators are arranged between the roof and the pantograph underframe (11), and the two insulators are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body The upper part is arranged at intervals, and the two insulators are located on both sides of the longitudinal center line of the car body;

A hose (3) of one of the insulators connects the air source in the vehicle body with the pantograph air duct, and a hose (3) of the other insulator becomes a part of the feedback air circuit of the pantograph ADD.
The installation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that the elliptical major axes of the first shed (6) and the second shed (7) of the insulator are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the first shed (7) of the insulator is The elliptical major axis of the three umbrella skirts (8) is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.