WO2023000821A1 - Insulator and mounting structure thereof - Google Patents
Insulator and mounting structure thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023000821A1 WO2023000821A1 PCT/CN2022/095401 CN2022095401W WO2023000821A1 WO 2023000821 A1 WO2023000821 A1 WO 2023000821A1 CN 2022095401 W CN2022095401 W CN 2022095401W WO 2023000821 A1 WO2023000821 A1 WO 2023000821A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- shed
- insulator
- ellipse
- pantograph
- housing
- Prior art date
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241000271559 Dromaiidae Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001125292 Balaena mysticetus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/40—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for facilitating mounting or securing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L5/18—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
- B60L5/20—Details of contact bow
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
Definitions
- the invention relates to an insulator and an installation structure thereof, belonging to the field of rail transit current receiving technology, in particular to an insulator for a pantograph, especially suitable for main-line electric locomotives and high-speed EMUs used in 25kV overhead catenary.
- pantograph and overhead catenary sliding contact current receiving method is still only adopted by main line electric locomotives and high-speed EMUs, and high-speed EMUs with an operating speed of 400km/h will continue to adopt this method in the future.
- the main line locomotive and high-speed EMU power supply network is a 25kV overhead catenary.
- the pantograph is installed on the roof through the insulator to realize the mechanical connection and high-voltage insulation between the pantograph and the vehicle.
- the failure of the insulator includes insulation layer peeling and tearing, flash pollution and Insulation failure discharge.
- Airbag drive is the current mainstream mode of pantograph drive, that is, an insulating hose is used for air conduction between the pantograph and the roof, and the insulating hose itself is soft and has a certain length (creep distance > 1000mm) and there is free swaying.
- the exposed arrangement on the roof will affect the aerodynamic performance of the roof components and generate extra noise. At the same time, it is also vulnerable to the intrusion of foreign objects and collision damage, which will cause the air supply to be interrupted and the bow to drop.
- the invention provides an insulator, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.
- An insulator comprising a mandrel and a casing, the sheath wrapping the outside of the mandrel, characterized in that two hoses are arranged inside the sheath, and the two hoses are arranged around the mandrel, And the two flexible pipes are distributed in a double helix, and the flexible pipes connect the top and the bottom of the casing.
- top of the mandrel is fixedly provided with a connecting piece, the top of the connecting piece protrudes from the shell, and the top of the connecting piece is provided with an internal threaded hole.
- the housing is in the shape of an elliptical truncated cone, any horizontal section of which is an ellipse, and the horizontal projected area of the top end of the shell is smaller than the horizontal projected area of the bottom end.
- the outer surface of the shell has a first shed, a second shed and a third shed, and the projections of the first shed, the second shed and the third shed on the horizontal plane are all elliptical , the projected area of the first shed is greater than the projected area of the second shed, and the projected area of the second shed is greater than the projected area of the third shed; the highest shed and the lowest shed on the outer surface of the shell Both use the first shed, the third shed and the second shed are arranged alternately between the highest first shed and the lowest first shed, and the long axis of the ellipse of the third shed is perpendicular to the The long axis of the ellipse of the first shed, the long axis of the ellipse of the first shed is parallel to the long axis of the ellipse of the second shed and the long axis of the ellipse of the shell.
- the length of the minor axis of the ellipse of the third shed is shorter than the minor axis of
- the first shed, the third shed, the second shed, the third shed, the second shed, the third shed, and the first shed are sequentially distributed on the outer surface of the housing from top to bottom .
- flanges are provided on the bottom of the mandrel and the shell.
- the present invention also relates to the installation structure of the above-mentioned insulator, the flange at the bottom of the insulator is connected to the roof through fasteners, the top of the insulator is connected to the pantograph chassis through fasteners, the roof and the Two insulators are arranged between the pantograph chassis, the two insulators are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the car body, and the two insulators are located on both sides of the longitudinal center line of the car body;
- a hose of one of the insulators connects the air source in the vehicle body with the pantograph air duct, and a hose of the other insulator becomes a part of the pantograph ADD feedback air circuit.
- the major axes of the ellipse of the first shed and the second shed of the insulator are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the major axis of the ellipse of the third shed of the insulator is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.
- the invention is beneficial to strengthen the mechanical strength and insulation performance of high-speed pantograph insulators for main line electric locomotives and high-speed EMUs, build a better mechanical connection and gas path conduction mode between the pantograph and the roof, optimize the layout of the roof, and reduce the Aerodynamic drag and noise at high speeds.
- Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an insulator of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a front view of the insulator of the present invention (the viewing direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the car body);
- Fig. 3 is a side view of the insulator of the present invention (the viewing direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body);
- Fig. 4 is the top view of the insulator of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is the bottom view of the insulator of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a front view of the pantograph and insulator installation structure of the present invention (the viewing direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the car body);
- Fig. 7 is a side view of the pantograph and insulator installation structure of the present invention (the viewing direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the car body);
- Fig. 8 is a top view of the pantograph and insulator installation structure of the present invention.
- mandrel 1 shell 2, hose 3, flange 4, flange insert 4.1, connector 5, first shed 6, second shed 7, third shed 8, roof 9, Insulator 10, pantograph underframe 11, bolt 12, boss 13, air supply pipe 14, air inlet pipe 15, quick discharge valve 16, pantograph airbag 17, air duct 18, air duct 19 inside the vehicle.
- the insulator includes a mandrel 1 and a shell 2, the shell 2 is wrapped around the outside of the mandrel 1, and two hoses 3 are arranged inside the shell 2, and the two hoses 3 are arranged around the mandrel 1, and two
- the hose 3 is distributed in a double helix, and the hose 3 connects the top and the bottom of the shell 2; the top of the mandrel 1 protrudes from the shell 2, and the top of the mandrel 1 is provided with an internal thread hole; the shell 2 is in the shape of a truncated cone; the core
- the bottom of the rod 1 and the shell 2 is provided with a flange 4; the top of the mandrel 1 is fixedly provided with a connecting piece 5, and the top of the connecting piece 5 protrudes from the shell 2, and the top of the connecting piece 5 is provided with an internal threaded hole.
- Mandrel 1 is made of glass fiber insulating mandrel, mandrel 1 is fixedly connected with flange insert 4.1, mandrel 1, flange insert 4.1, hose 3 and connector 5 are pre-embedded in the insulator casting mold together, and then poured Epoxy resin forms the insulator, the shell 2 of the insulator is made of epoxy resin, the flange 4 includes the flange insert 4.1 and the epoxy resin including the flange insert 4.1, and the top of the connector 5 protrudes from the top of the shell 2; Both part 5 and flange insert 4.1 are made of metal materials.
- the hose 3 forms the built-in double-helix air passage of the insulator.
- the two air passages form two air passages, and the two air passages can be respectively connected with the air intake passage and the feedback air passage of the pantograph, so as to realize the connection between the pantograph and the vehicle.
- the hose 3 is an air hose made of insulating material, and the specific material can be PTFE composite material + 15% glass fiber.
- the outer diameter of the hose 3 is ⁇ 10, the inner diameter is ⁇ 8, and its insulation level is 25kV.
- the airway of this double helix structure has the following advantages.
- the double helix structure It can effectively increase the length of the airway itself, thereby increasing its internal creepage distance, and rationally design the middle diameter and spacing of the spiral structure, which can meet the requirements of the internal creepage distance under 25kV voltage.
- the double-helix airway avoids the airway from weakening the mechanical strength of the insulator to the greatest extent.
- Shell 2 is in the shape of an elliptical cone, and its arbitrary horizontal section is elliptical, and the horizontal projected area of the top of the shell 2 is smaller than the horizontal projected area of the bottom.
- the outer surface of the shell 2 has a first shed 6, a second shed 7 and a third shed 8, and the projections of the first shed 6, the second shed 7 and the third shed 8 in the horizontal plane are elliptical , the projected area of the first shed 6 is greater than the projected area of the second shed 7, and the projected area of the second shed 7 is greater than the projected area of the third shed 8; the highest shed and the lowest shed on the outer surface of the shell 2 are both
- the first shed 6 is used, the third shed 8 and the second shed 7 are arranged alternately between the highest first shed 6 and the lowest first shed 6, and the long axis of the ellipse of the third shed 8 is vertical
- the major axis of the ellipse of the first shed 6 is parallel to the major axis of the ellipse of the second shed 7 and the major axis of the ellipse of the housing 2 .
- the length of the minor axis of the ellipse of the third shed 8 is less than the minor axis of the ellipse of the housing where the third shed 8 is located (the shed is in the form of a non-surrounding housing, and the shed is only symmetrically arranged on both sides of the minor axis of the ellipse of the housing. side).
- the elliptical shed and the elliptical frustum-shaped shell enhance the overall aerodynamic shape of the insulator.
- the mandrel adopts the equal-strength structural design of the upper small and lower large elliptical cones to improve the overall aerodynamic shape of the insulator
- the insulator's shell and sheds are designed as non-gyroscopic structure shapes, From a top view, its overall shape is elliptical, wherein the major axis of the ellipse is consistent with the running direction of the train (the major axis of the ellipse is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the car body), and the minor axis of the ellipse is perpendicular to the running direction of the train.
- the sheds have an elliptical shape and are arranged around the vertical axis of the insulator.
- the sheds are designed according to the size of the large shed (corresponding to the first shed), the middle shed (corresponding to the second shed), and the small shed (corresponding to the second shed).
- the sheds are mainly used to increase the creepage distance.
- the large, medium and small sheds are arranged as above, which can ensure that the creepage distance in each direction is approximately the same, thereby reducing the total mass of the sheds; the sheds are arranged according to the large, medium and small sheds, mainly considering Rain, snow, dirt, etc.
- the directional wind resistance is basically the same, avoiding adverse aerodynamic effects such as eddy currents.
- the long axis of the ellipse of the large and middle sheds is consistent with the running direction of the train, and the long axis of the ellipse of the small shed is perpendicular to the running direction of the train. They are 300mm and 230mm respectively, and the length of the small umbrella skirt and the end shaft are 180mm and 130mm respectively.
- the shell 2 of the insulator is designed as an elliptical frustum of equal strength, with the major and minor axes of the top ellipse being 120 mm and 80 mm respectively, and the major and minor axes of the bottom ellipse being 164 mm and 110 mm respectively.
- the insulator with an elliptical shape structure makes it directional during installation and use, in which the large and middle sheds surround the vertical axis of the insulator and are symmetrically arranged with the major and short axes of the ellipse, while the small sheds are only symmetrically arranged on the shell On both sides of the short axis of the ellipse 2, the three types of sheds are arranged in a differentiated manner along the long and short axes of the ellipse.
- the number of sheds and the windward area of the insulator on the windward side are increased, thereby reducing the resistance and disturbance of the sheds to high-speed airflow, and at the same time reducing the probability of the insulator sheds being hit and torn by foreign objects under high-speed operation.
- the insulator 10 is installed between the roof 9 and the pantograph underframe 11, and is used to support the pantograph underframe 11.
- the flange 4 at the bottom of the insulator 10 is passed through a bolt 12 (an example of a fastener) ) is connected to the roof 9, and the connecting piece 5 on the top of the insulator 10 is connected to the pantograph chassis 11 through bolts 12 and bosses 13, where the bosses 13 can be used to adjust the pantograph mounting surface to adjust the pantograph
- the two sides of the insulator 10; the elliptical major axis of the first shed 6 and the second shed 7 of the insulator 10 are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the elliptical major
- the air supply pipe 14 of the air source in the vehicle is connected to the lower end of the air path of an insulator
- the air inlet pipe 15 of the pantograph chassis 11 is connected to the upper end of the air path of the insulator
- the air inlet pipe 15 communicates with the pantograph airbag 17 through the quick exhaust valve 16, so that the air source in the vehicle is supplied to the airbag through the air passage of the insulator, and the airbag expands to realize bow lift.
- a two-point installation method (two insulators) is adopted between the pantograph underframe 11 and the roof 9, and the two insulators are respectively arranged on the pantograph underframe 11 in front and behind along the train running direction (pantograph running direction). On both sides, the mechanical connection and gas path conduction between the pantograph and the roof are realized.
- the literature “External Flow Field Characteristics of 400km/h High-Speed Train and Pantograph Fluid-Structure Coupling Research” (Yang Zhen) research is based on the conventional three-point pantograph installation method, in which the resistance of the base frame (underframe + insulator) accounts for about 34.9%.
- the two-point installation method reduces the number of insulators on the windward side of the pantograph from 3 to 2, which can greatly reduce the number of insulators on the windward side of the pantograph, thereby reducing the speed of the vehicle. Running air resistance and noise.
- the aerodynamic resistance of each part in the opening direction of the pantograph at 400 km is calculated for the insulators with the same cross-section under the three-point installation and two-point installation methods respectively.
- the resistance of each part in the aerodynamic simulation is shown in Table 1.
- the two-point installation reduces the insulator + chassis by about 29.4%, and the overall bow resistance reduces by 14.1%. This drag reduction effect is of great significance for improving the roof resistance and layout.
- Table 1 Aerodynamic simulation of the resistance of each component in the opening direction of the pantograph at a speed of 400 kilometers per hour
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is an insulator (10), comprising a core rod (1) and a housing (2). The housing (2) wraps around an outer side of the core rod (1), two hoses (3) are arranged inside the housing (2), the two hoses (3) are arranged around the core rod (1), the two hoses (3) are distributed in a double spiral manner, and the hoses (3) communicate the top and the bottom of the housing (2) with each other; and the housing (2) is in the shape of an elliptical truncated cone, any horizontal cross section thereof is elliptical, and the horizontal projection area of the top end of the housing (2) is smaller than the horizontal projection area of the bottom end; and an outer surface of the housing (2) has a first umbrella shed (6), a second umbrella shed (7) and a third umbrella shed (8), which have elliptical horizontal projections. Further disclosed is a mounting structure of the insulator (10). The insulator (10) and the mounting structure thereof strengthen the mechanical strength and insulation performance of high-speed pantograph insulators of a main electric locomotive and a high-speed motor train unit, construct a better mechanical connection and an air path conduction mode between a pantograph and a roof (9), optimize a layout mode of the roof (9), and reduce aerodynamic drag and noise under high-speed operation of a vehicle.
Description
本发明涉及一种绝缘子及其安装结构,属于于轨道交通受流技术领域,具体涉及一种受电弓用绝缘子,尤其适应于在25kV架空接触网运用的干线电力机车和高速动车组。The invention relates to an insulator and an installation structure thereof, belonging to the field of rail transit current receiving technology, in particular to an insulator for a pantograph, especially suitable for main-line electric locomotives and high-speed EMUs used in 25kV overhead catenary.
中国幅员辽阔、内陆深广、人口众多,资源分布及工业布局不平衡,铁路运输以其自身优势以及社会发展中重要地位和作用,成为国内综合交通运输体系中被广泛使用的运输方式。未来铁路网络覆盖进一步扩大,路网结构更加优化,骨干作用更加显著。为满足公众对于交通出行的方式、快捷、便利和舒适等多元化需求,交通领域迎来广泛深刻的变更,其中高速铁路干线近年来大面积铺开建设并形成铁路干线网络,同时也在为现役高铁350km/h运营速度提速至400km/h进行车辆设备研制,此外,也在深入探寻高速磁浮交通等其他运输方式。China has a vast territory, deep inland, large population, unbalanced distribution of resources and industrial layout. Railway transportation has become a widely used mode of transportation in the domestic comprehensive transportation system due to its own advantages and important status and role in social development. In the future, the coverage of the railway network will be further expanded, the structure of the road network will be more optimized, and the role of the backbone will be more significant. In order to meet the public's diversified needs for transportation methods, speed, convenience and comfort, the transportation field has ushered in extensive and profound changes. Among them, high-speed railway lines have been rolled out and constructed on a large scale in recent years to form a railway network. The operating speed of the high-speed rail is increased from 350km/h to 400km/h for the development of vehicle equipment. In addition, other transportation methods such as high-speed maglev transportation are also being explored in depth.
目前,受电弓与架空接触网滑动接触受流方式仍然被干线电力机车和高速动车组唯一采用,未来400km/h运营速度的高速动车组也将继续采用此方式。干线机车、高速动车供电网络为25kV架空接触网,受电弓通过绝缘子安装于车顶并实现受电弓与车辆的机械连接和高压绝缘,绝缘子运用故障有绝缘层剥离和撕裂、闪污和绝缘失效放电。气囊驱动作为当前受电弓驱动主流方式,即受电弓与车顶之间采用绝缘软管进行气路传导,而绝缘软管本身柔软且有一定长度(爬距>1000mm)而存在自由晃动,裸露布置于车顶影响车顶部件气动性能并产生额外噪音,同时也易受外界异物侵入发生碰撞损伤引发气路供给中断而降弓。At present, the pantograph and overhead catenary sliding contact current receiving method is still only adopted by main line electric locomotives and high-speed EMUs, and high-speed EMUs with an operating speed of 400km/h will continue to adopt this method in the future. The main line locomotive and high-speed EMU power supply network is a 25kV overhead catenary. The pantograph is installed on the roof through the insulator to realize the mechanical connection and high-voltage insulation between the pantograph and the vehicle. The failure of the insulator includes insulation layer peeling and tearing, flash pollution and Insulation failure discharge. Airbag drive is the current mainstream mode of pantograph drive, that is, an insulating hose is used for air conduction between the pantograph and the roof, and the insulating hose itself is soft and has a certain length (creep distance > 1000mm) and there is free swaying. The exposed arrangement on the roof will affect the aerodynamic performance of the roof components and generate extra noise. At the same time, it is also vulnerable to the intrusion of foreign objects and collision damage, which will cause the air supply to be interrupted and the bow to drop.
随着车辆持续提速,尤其是400km/h高速动车组,对于整车和车顶部件的气动外形、噪音及可靠性等要求也越来越高,根据文献《时速400公里高速列车外部流场特征及受电弓流固耦合研究》(兰州交通大学杨振)的研究内容,受电弓各部件的气动阻力不同,有大有小,拉杆占比最小,弓头占比最大,故弓头应成为为主要降阻对象;阻力占比第二位底座框架(底架+绝缘子)34.9%,受电弓各部件的变形量从受电弓弓头向下一直到底座框架部位逐渐减小。基于上述气动仿真分析,并结合现役时速350公里的高速动车组气动性能,在时速400公里高速动车组受电弓研制开发中,如何设计绝缘子弓头结构和外形实现降阻降噪将对于整弓气动性能提升意义重大。迫切需要一种新型的高强度、高绝缘性能、低空气阻力、低噪音以及兼具气路传导等多功能的复合绝缘子以适应更高速、更严苛的运用要求,开发新型复合绝缘子产品符合当前市场需求,同时也极具经济、社会效益。As the speed of the vehicle continues to increase, especially the 400km/h high-speed EMU, the requirements for the aerodynamic shape, noise and reliability of the vehicle and roof components are getting higher and higher. And Pantograph Fluid-Structure Coupling Research” (Yang Zhen, Lanzhou Jiaotong University), the aerodynamic resistance of each part of the pantograph is different, there are large and small, the proportion of the rod is the smallest, and the proportion of the bow head is the largest. It becomes the main resistance reduction object; the resistance accounts for 34.9% of the second base frame (underframe + insulator), and the deformation of each part of the pantograph gradually decreases from the pantograph bow down to the base frame. Based on the above aerodynamic simulation analysis, combined with the aerodynamic performance of high-speed EMUs with a speed of 350 kilometers per hour, how to design the structure and shape of the insulator bow head to reduce resistance and noise will be of great importance to the whole bow in the development of pantographs for high-speed EMUs with a speed of 400 kilometers per hour. The improvement in aerodynamic performance is significant. There is an urgent need for a new type of composite insulator with high strength, high insulation performance, low air resistance, low noise, and air conduction to meet higher speed and more stringent application requirements. The development of new composite insulator products is in line with the current Market demand, but also great economic and social benefits.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了提高绝缘子的强度,降低空气阻力和噪音,本发明提供一种绝缘子,具体技术方案如下。In order to improve the strength of the insulator and reduce air resistance and noise, the invention provides an insulator, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.
一种绝缘子,包括芯棒和外壳,所述外壳包裹在所述芯棒的外侧,其特征在于,所述外壳内设置有两根软管,两根所述软管围绕所述芯棒设置,且两根所述软管呈双螺旋分布,所述软管将所述外壳的顶部和底部连通。An insulator comprising a mandrel and a casing, the sheath wrapping the outside of the mandrel, characterized in that two hoses are arranged inside the sheath, and the two hoses are arranged around the mandrel, And the two flexible pipes are distributed in a double helix, and the flexible pipes connect the top and the bottom of the casing.
进一步地,所述芯棒的顶部固定设置有连接件,所述连接件的顶部凸出于所述外壳,且连接件的顶部设置有内螺纹孔。Further, the top of the mandrel is fixedly provided with a connecting piece, the top of the connecting piece protrudes from the shell, and the top of the connecting piece is provided with an internal threaded hole.
进一步地,所述外壳呈椭圆锥台形状,其任意水平剖面呈椭圆,所述外壳顶端的水平投影面积小于底端的水平投影面积。Further, the housing is in the shape of an elliptical truncated cone, any horizontal section of which is an ellipse, and the horizontal projected area of the top end of the shell is smaller than the horizontal projected area of the bottom end.
进一步地,所述外壳的外表面具有第一伞裙、第二伞裙和第三伞裙,所述第一伞裙、第二伞裙和第三伞裙在水平面内的投影均呈椭圆形,所述第一伞裙的投影面积大于第二伞裙的投影面积,所述第二伞裙的投影面积大于第三伞裙的投影面积;所述外壳外表面的最高伞裙和最低伞裙均采用第一伞裙,第三伞裙和第二伞裙依次交替设置在最高的第一伞裙和最低的第一伞裙之间,所述第三伞裙的椭圆长轴垂直于所述第一伞裙的椭圆长轴,所述第一伞裙的椭圆长轴平行于所述第二伞裙的椭圆长轴以及外壳的椭圆长轴。优选地,所述第三伞裙的椭圆短轴的长度小于第三伞裙所在外壳的椭圆短轴。Further, the outer surface of the shell has a first shed, a second shed and a third shed, and the projections of the first shed, the second shed and the third shed on the horizontal plane are all elliptical , the projected area of the first shed is greater than the projected area of the second shed, and the projected area of the second shed is greater than the projected area of the third shed; the highest shed and the lowest shed on the outer surface of the shell Both use the first shed, the third shed and the second shed are arranged alternately between the highest first shed and the lowest first shed, and the long axis of the ellipse of the third shed is perpendicular to the The long axis of the ellipse of the first shed, the long axis of the ellipse of the first shed is parallel to the long axis of the ellipse of the second shed and the long axis of the ellipse of the shell. Preferably, the length of the minor axis of the ellipse of the third shed is shorter than the minor axis of the ellipse of the housing where the third shed is located.
优选地,第一伞裙、第三伞裙、第二伞裙、第三伞裙、第二伞裙、第三伞裙、第一伞裙从上到下依次分布在所述外壳的外表面。Preferably, the first shed, the third shed, the second shed, the third shed, the second shed, the third shed, and the first shed are sequentially distributed on the outer surface of the housing from top to bottom .
进一步地,所述芯棒和外壳的底部设置有法兰。Further, flanges are provided on the bottom of the mandrel and the shell.
本发明还涉及上述绝缘子的安装结构,所述绝缘子底部的法兰通过紧固件与车顶相连,所述绝缘子的顶部通过紧固件与受电弓底架相连,所述车顶和所述受电弓底架之间设置有两个所述绝缘子,两个所述绝缘子在车体纵向方向上间隔设置,且两个所述绝缘子位于车体纵向中心线的两侧;The present invention also relates to the installation structure of the above-mentioned insulator, the flange at the bottom of the insulator is connected to the roof through fasteners, the top of the insulator is connected to the pantograph chassis through fasteners, the roof and the Two insulators are arranged between the pantograph chassis, the two insulators are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the car body, and the two insulators are located on both sides of the longitudinal center line of the car body;
其中一个绝缘子的一个软管将车体内的风源与受电弓风管连通,另一个绝缘子的一个软管成为受电弓ADD反馈气路的一部分。A hose of one of the insulators connects the air source in the vehicle body with the pantograph air duct, and a hose of the other insulator becomes a part of the pantograph ADD feedback air circuit.
进一步地,所述绝缘子的第一伞裙、第二伞裙的椭圆长轴平行于车体的纵向方向,所述绝缘子的第三伞裙的椭圆长轴垂直于车体的纵向方向。Further, the major axes of the ellipse of the first shed and the second shed of the insulator are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the major axis of the ellipse of the third shed of the insulator is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.
本发明有利于强化干线电力机车和高速动车组高速受电弓绝缘子的机械强度、绝缘性能,构建更优的受电弓与车顶之间机械连接和气路传导方式,优化车顶布局方式,降低车辆高速运行下的气动阻力和噪音。The invention is beneficial to strengthen the mechanical strength and insulation performance of high-speed pantograph insulators for main line electric locomotives and high-speed EMUs, build a better mechanical connection and gas path conduction mode between the pantograph and the roof, optimize the layout of the roof, and reduce the Aerodynamic drag and noise at high speeds.
图1是本发明的绝缘子立体示意图;Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an insulator of the present invention;
图2是本发明的绝缘子的正视图(观察方向垂直于车体纵向方向);Fig. 2 is a front view of the insulator of the present invention (the viewing direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the car body);
图3是本发明的绝缘子的侧视图(观察方向平行于车体纵向方向);Fig. 3 is a side view of the insulator of the present invention (the viewing direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body);
图4是本发明的绝缘子的俯视图;Fig. 4 is the top view of the insulator of the present invention;
图5是本发明的绝缘子的仰视图;Fig. 5 is the bottom view of the insulator of the present invention;
图6是本发明受电弓与绝缘子安装结构的主视图(观察方向垂直于车体纵向方向);Fig. 6 is a front view of the pantograph and insulator installation structure of the present invention (the viewing direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the car body);
图7是本发明受电弓与绝缘子安装结构的侧视图(观察方向平行于车体纵向方向);Fig. 7 is a side view of the pantograph and insulator installation structure of the present invention (the viewing direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the car body);
图8是本发明受电弓与绝缘子安装结构的俯视图。Fig. 8 is a top view of the pantograph and insulator installation structure of the present invention.
图中:芯棒1、外壳2、软管3、法兰4、法兰嵌件4.1、连接件5、第一伞裙6、第二伞裙7、第三伞裙8、车顶9、绝缘子10、受电弓底架11、螺栓12、凸台13、送风管14、进风管15、快排阀16、受电弓气囊17、风管18、车内风管19。In the figure: mandrel 1, shell 2, hose 3, flange 4, flange insert 4.1, connector 5, first shed 6, second shed 7, third shed 8, roof 9, Insulator 10, pantograph underframe 11, bolt 12, boss 13, air supply pipe 14, air inlet pipe 15, quick discharge valve 16, pantograph airbag 17, air duct 18, air duct 19 inside the vehicle.
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参见图1-5,绝缘子包括芯棒1和外壳2,外壳2包裹在芯棒1的外侧,外壳2内设置有两根软管3,两根软管3围绕芯棒1设置,且两根软管3呈双螺旋分布,软管3将外壳2的顶部和底部连通;芯棒1的顶部凸出于外壳2,且芯棒1的顶部设置有内螺纹孔;外壳2呈圆台形状;芯棒1和外壳2的底部设置有法兰4;芯棒1的顶部固定设置有连接件5,连接件5的顶部凸出于外壳2,且连接件5的顶部设置有内螺纹孔。Referring to Figures 1-5, the insulator includes a mandrel 1 and a shell 2, the shell 2 is wrapped around the outside of the mandrel 1, and two hoses 3 are arranged inside the shell 2, and the two hoses 3 are arranged around the mandrel 1, and two The hose 3 is distributed in a double helix, and the hose 3 connects the top and the bottom of the shell 2; the top of the mandrel 1 protrudes from the shell 2, and the top of the mandrel 1 is provided with an internal thread hole; the shell 2 is in the shape of a truncated cone; the core The bottom of the rod 1 and the shell 2 is provided with a flange 4; the top of the mandrel 1 is fixedly provided with a connecting piece 5, and the top of the connecting piece 5 protrudes from the shell 2, and the top of the connecting piece 5 is provided with an internal threaded hole.
芯棒1采用玻璃纤维绝缘芯棒,芯棒1固定连接有法兰嵌件4.1,芯棒1、法兰嵌件4.1、软管3和连接件5一起预埋于绝缘子浇筑模具内,然后浇筑环氧树脂形成绝缘子,绝缘子的外壳2为环氧树脂材质,法兰4包括法兰嵌件4.1和包括法兰嵌件4.1的环氧树脂,连接件5的顶部突出于外壳2的顶端;连接件5和法兰嵌件4.1都采用金属材料。Mandrel 1 is made of glass fiber insulating mandrel, mandrel 1 is fixedly connected with flange insert 4.1, mandrel 1, flange insert 4.1, hose 3 and connector 5 are pre-embedded in the insulator casting mold together, and then poured Epoxy resin forms the insulator, the shell 2 of the insulator is made of epoxy resin, the flange 4 includes the flange insert 4.1 and the epoxy resin including the flange insert 4.1, and the top of the connector 5 protrudes from the top of the shell 2; Both part 5 and flange insert 4.1 are made of metal materials.
软管3形成了绝缘子的内置式双螺旋气道,两条气道形成两个气路,两气路可分别与受电弓的进气路和反馈气路连通,从而实现受电弓与车内气源连通以及监测。软管3采用绝缘材料的气路软管,具体材质可以是PTFE复合材料+15%玻璃纤维,软管3外径为φ10,内径为φ8,其绝缘等级为25kV。此双螺旋结构的气道具有以下优势。一方面,使其在绝缘子竖直安装方向的气路平滑通畅,从而避免长期重力作用下风源和管路中杂质积存,同时也能使得气路流畅而无气动冲击;另一方面,双螺旋结构能够有效增加气道本身长度,从而增加其内部爬电距离,合理设计螺旋结构的中径、间距,即可满足25kV电压下内部爬电距离要求。同时双螺旋气道最大限度地避免了气道削弱绝缘子机械强度。The hose 3 forms the built-in double-helix air passage of the insulator. The two air passages form two air passages, and the two air passages can be respectively connected with the air intake passage and the feedback air passage of the pantograph, so as to realize the connection between the pantograph and the vehicle. Internal air source connection and monitoring. The hose 3 is an air hose made of insulating material, and the specific material can be PTFE composite material + 15% glass fiber. The outer diameter of the hose 3 is φ10, the inner diameter is φ8, and its insulation level is 25kV. The airway of this double helix structure has the following advantages. On the one hand, it makes the air path in the vertical installation direction of the insulator smooth and unobstructed, so as to avoid the accumulation of impurities in the air source and pipeline under the long-term gravity, and at the same time make the air path smooth without aerodynamic impact; on the other hand, the double helix structure It can effectively increase the length of the airway itself, thereby increasing its internal creepage distance, and rationally design the middle diameter and spacing of the spiral structure, which can meet the requirements of the internal creepage distance under 25kV voltage. At the same time, the double-helix airway avoids the airway from weakening the mechanical strength of the insulator to the greatest extent.
外壳2呈椭圆锥台形状,其任意水平剖面呈椭圆,外壳2顶端的水平投影面积小于底端 的水平投影面积。 Shell 2 is in the shape of an elliptical cone, and its arbitrary horizontal section is elliptical, and the horizontal projected area of the top of the shell 2 is smaller than the horizontal projected area of the bottom.
外壳2的外表面具有第一伞裙6、第二伞裙7和第三伞裙8,第一伞裙6、第二伞裙7和第三伞裙8在水平面内的投影均呈椭圆形,第一伞裙6的投影面积大于第二伞裙7的投影面积,第二伞裙7的投影面积大于第三伞裙8的投影面积;外壳2外表面的最高伞裙和最低伞裙均采用第一伞裙6,第三伞裙8和第二伞裙7依次交替设置在最高的第一伞裙6和最低的第一伞裙6之间,第三伞裙8的椭圆长轴垂直于第一伞裙6的椭圆长轴,第一伞裙6的椭圆长轴平行于第二伞裙7的椭圆长轴以及外壳2的椭圆长轴。图3中,第一伞裙6、第三伞裙8、第二伞裙7、第三伞裙8、第二伞裙7、第三伞裙8、第一伞裙6从上到下依次分布在外壳2的外表面。优选地,第三伞裙8的椭圆短轴的长度小于第三伞裙8所在外壳的椭圆短轴(小伞裙采用非环绕外壳的形式,小伞裙仅对称布置于外壳的椭圆短轴两侧)。椭圆形的伞裙配合椭圆锥台形状的外壳,提升绝缘子整体气动外形。The outer surface of the shell 2 has a first shed 6, a second shed 7 and a third shed 8, and the projections of the first shed 6, the second shed 7 and the third shed 8 in the horizontal plane are elliptical , the projected area of the first shed 6 is greater than the projected area of the second shed 7, and the projected area of the second shed 7 is greater than the projected area of the third shed 8; the highest shed and the lowest shed on the outer surface of the shell 2 are both The first shed 6 is used, the third shed 8 and the second shed 7 are arranged alternately between the highest first shed 6 and the lowest first shed 6, and the long axis of the ellipse of the third shed 8 is vertical With regard to the major axis of the ellipse of the first shed 6 , the major axis of the ellipse of the first shed 6 is parallel to the major axis of the ellipse of the second shed 7 and the major axis of the ellipse of the housing 2 . In Fig. 3, the first shed 6, the third shed 8, the second shed 7, the third shed 8, the second shed 7, the third shed 8, and the first shed 6 from top to bottom Distributed on the outer surface of the shell 2. Preferably, the length of the minor axis of the ellipse of the third shed 8 is less than the minor axis of the ellipse of the housing where the third shed 8 is located (the shed is in the form of a non-surrounding housing, and the shed is only symmetrically arranged on both sides of the minor axis of the ellipse of the housing. side). The elliptical shed and the elliptical frustum-shaped shell enhance the overall aerodynamic shape of the insulator.
芯棒采用上小下大椭圆椎体的等强度结构设计,提升绝缘子整体气动外形The mandrel adopts the equal-strength structural design of the upper small and lower large elliptical cones to improve the overall aerodynamic shape of the insulator
不同于现有的回旋体外形绝缘子(伞裙、立柱呈圆形),为充分考虑绝缘子结构强度以及外形对受电弓气动性能的影响,绝缘子的外壳以及伞裙设计为非回旋体结构外形,俯视视图看其整体外形呈椭圆形,其中椭圆长轴与列车运行方向一致(椭圆长轴平行于车体的纵向方向),而椭圆短轴垂直列车运行方向。伞裙呈椭圆外形并环绕绝缘子铅垂轴线布置,伞裙按大小设计为大伞裙(对应于第一伞裙)、中伞裙(对应于第二伞裙)、小伞裙(对应于第三伞裙)共3种,其沿绝缘子高度方向上布置次序依次为大伞裙、小伞裙、中伞裙、小伞裙、中伞裙、小伞裙、大伞裙。伞裙主要用于增加爬电距离,大、中小伞裙如上布置,能够保证各向爬电距离近似相当,进而降低伞裙总质量;伞裙按大、中、小伞裙来布置,主要考虑雨、雪、污物等侵蚀附着,进而避免形成通路被击穿爬电;大、中、小伞裙凸出的部分会影响气动性能,按照上述布置,能够保证伞裙之间气动流畅、高度方向风阻基本相当,避免形成涡流等不良气动影响。其中大伞裙、中伞裙的椭圆长轴与列车运行方向一致,小伞裙的椭圆长轴垂直列车运行方向,大伞裙长、短轴分为340mm、280mm,中伞裙长、短轴分别为300mm、230mm,小伞裙长、端轴分别为180mm、130mm。Different from the existing gyroscopic shape insulators (the sheds and columns are round), in order to fully consider the influence of the insulator's structural strength and shape on the aerodynamic performance of the pantograph, the insulator's shell and sheds are designed as non-gyroscopic structure shapes, From a top view, its overall shape is elliptical, wherein the major axis of the ellipse is consistent with the running direction of the train (the major axis of the ellipse is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the car body), and the minor axis of the ellipse is perpendicular to the running direction of the train. The sheds have an elliptical shape and are arranged around the vertical axis of the insulator. The sheds are designed according to the size of the large shed (corresponding to the first shed), the middle shed (corresponding to the second shed), and the small shed (corresponding to the second shed). There are three kinds of three umbrella skirts, and the arrangement sequence along the height direction of the insulator is large umbrella skirt, small umbrella skirt, middle umbrella skirt, small umbrella skirt, middle umbrella skirt, small umbrella skirt, and large umbrella skirt. The sheds are mainly used to increase the creepage distance. The large, medium and small sheds are arranged as above, which can ensure that the creepage distance in each direction is approximately the same, thereby reducing the total mass of the sheds; the sheds are arranged according to the large, medium and small sheds, mainly considering Rain, snow, dirt, etc. are eroded and adhered to avoid the formation of passages being broken down and creepage; the protruding parts of the large, medium and small sheds will affect the aerodynamic performance. According to the above arrangement, the aerodynamic flow between the sheds can be guaranteed. The directional wind resistance is basically the same, avoiding adverse aerodynamic effects such as eddy currents. Among them, the long axis of the ellipse of the large and middle sheds is consistent with the running direction of the train, and the long axis of the ellipse of the small shed is perpendicular to the running direction of the train. They are 300mm and 230mm respectively, and the length of the small umbrella skirt and the end shaft are 180mm and 130mm respectively.
绝缘子的外壳2设计为等强度的椭圆锥台外形,顶部椭圆长轴、短轴分别为120mm、80mm,底部椭圆长轴、短轴分别为164mm、110mm。The shell 2 of the insulator is designed as an elliptical frustum of equal strength, with the major and minor axes of the top ellipse being 120 mm and 80 mm respectively, and the major and minor axes of the bottom ellipse being 164 mm and 110 mm respectively.
椭圆外形结构的绝缘子使其在安装和使用中具有方向性,其中大伞裙、中伞裙环绕绝缘子铅垂轴线并与椭圆长轴、短轴呈对称布置,而小伞裙仅对称布置于外壳2的椭圆短轴两侧,3种伞裙沿椭圆长轴、短轴呈现差异化布置,一方面,为了保证绝缘子外壳2在各个方向的爬电距离、耐压能力相当;另一方面,减少了绝缘子在迎风面的伞裙数量及迎风面积, 从而减少伞裙对于高速气流的阻力和扰动,同时降低高速运行下绝缘子伞裙被异物撞击撕裂的概率。The insulator with an elliptical shape structure makes it directional during installation and use, in which the large and middle sheds surround the vertical axis of the insulator and are symmetrically arranged with the major and short axes of the ellipse, while the small sheds are only symmetrically arranged on the shell On both sides of the short axis of the ellipse 2, the three types of sheds are arranged in a differentiated manner along the long and short axes of the ellipse. The number of sheds and the windward area of the insulator on the windward side are increased, thereby reducing the resistance and disturbance of the sheds to high-speed airflow, and at the same time reducing the probability of the insulator sheds being hit and torn by foreign objects under high-speed operation.
如图6-8所示,绝缘子10安装在车顶9和受电弓底架11之间,用来支撑受电弓底架11绝缘子10底部的法兰4通过螺栓12(紧固件的示例)与车顶9相连,绝缘子10顶部的连接件5通过螺栓12和凸台13与受电弓底架11相连,其中凸台13可以用于调节受电弓的安装面从而来调整受电弓与车顶的电气间隙;车顶9和受电弓底架11之间设置有两个绝缘子10,两个绝缘子10在车体纵向方向上间隔设置,且两个绝缘子10位于车体纵向中心线的两侧;绝缘子10的第一伞裙6、第二伞裙7的椭圆长轴平行于车体的纵向方向,绝缘子10的第三伞裙8的椭圆长轴垂直于车体的纵向方向。As shown in Figures 6-8, the insulator 10 is installed between the roof 9 and the pantograph underframe 11, and is used to support the pantograph underframe 11. The flange 4 at the bottom of the insulator 10 is passed through a bolt 12 (an example of a fastener) ) is connected to the roof 9, and the connecting piece 5 on the top of the insulator 10 is connected to the pantograph chassis 11 through bolts 12 and bosses 13, where the bosses 13 can be used to adjust the pantograph mounting surface to adjust the pantograph The electrical gap with the roof; two insulators 10 are arranged between the roof 9 and the pantograph underframe 11, the two insulators 10 are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the two insulators 10 are located on the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle body The two sides of the insulator 10; the elliptical major axis of the first shed 6 and the second shed 7 of the insulator 10 are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the elliptical major axis of the third shed 8 of the insulator 10 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.
如图6-8所示,车内风源的送风管14与一个绝缘子的气路的下端相连,受电弓底架11的进风管15与该绝缘子的气路上端连接,进风管15经过快排阀16与受电弓气囊17连通,从而车内风源经绝缘子的气道供给给气囊,气囊膨胀从而实现升弓。As shown in Figure 6-8, the air supply pipe 14 of the air source in the vehicle is connected to the lower end of the air path of an insulator, the air inlet pipe 15 of the pantograph chassis 11 is connected to the upper end of the air path of the insulator, and the air inlet pipe 15 communicates with the pantograph airbag 17 through the quick exhaust valve 16, so that the air source in the vehicle is supplied to the airbag through the air passage of the insulator, and the airbag expands to realize bow lift.
受电弓ADD反馈气路,受电弓底架11的风管18与另一个绝缘子10的气路的上端连通,另一个绝缘子10的下端与车内风管19连通,从而形成绝缘子与受电弓、车内风管之间的受电弓ADD反馈气路。The pantograph ADD feedback gas path, the air duct 18 of the pantograph chassis 11 communicates with the upper end of the air duct of another insulator 10, and the lower end of the other insulator 10 communicates with the air duct 19 inside the vehicle, thus forming an The pantograph ADD feedback air path between the bow and the air duct inside the vehicle.
受电弓底架11与车顶9之间采用两点安装方式(两个绝缘子),两个绝缘子沿列车运行方向(受电弓运行方向)分别一前一后布置在受电弓底架11两侧,实现受电弓与车顶的机械连接和气路传导。文献《时速400公里高速列车外部流场特征及受电弓流固耦合研究》(杨振)研究基于受电弓常规3点安装方式,其中底座框架(底架+绝缘子)阻力占整弓阻力约34.9%。相比较于受电弓常规的三点安装方式,两点安装方式将受电弓迎风面的绝缘子数量由3个降低至2个,能够极大减少受电弓迎风面绝缘子数量,从而减少车辆高速运行空气阻力和噪声。A two-point installation method (two insulators) is adopted between the pantograph underframe 11 and the roof 9, and the two insulators are respectively arranged on the pantograph underframe 11 in front and behind along the train running direction (pantograph running direction). On both sides, the mechanical connection and gas path conduction between the pantograph and the roof are realized. The literature "External Flow Field Characteristics of 400km/h High-Speed Train and Pantograph Fluid-Structure Coupling Research" (Yang Zhen) research is based on the conventional three-point pantograph installation method, in which the resistance of the base frame (underframe + insulator) accounts for about 34.9%. Compared with the conventional three-point installation method of the pantograph, the two-point installation method reduces the number of insulators on the windward side of the pantograph from 3 to 2, which can greatly reduce the number of insulators on the windward side of the pantograph, thereby reducing the speed of the vehicle. Running air resistance and noise.
以某型号受电弓为例,同样截面的绝缘子,分别计算三点安装、两点安装方式下,400km时受电弓开口方向各部件气动阻力,气动仿真各部件阻力如表1所示。其中两点安装相比于三点安装,绝缘子+底架共同降低了约29.4%,整弓阻力降低了14.1%,此减阻效果对于改善车顶阻力和布置意义重大。Taking a certain type of pantograph as an example, the aerodynamic resistance of each part in the opening direction of the pantograph at 400 km is calculated for the insulators with the same cross-section under the three-point installation and two-point installation methods respectively. The resistance of each part in the aerodynamic simulation is shown in Table 1. Compared with the three-point installation, the two-point installation reduces the insulator + chassis by about 29.4%, and the overall bow resistance reduces by 14.1%. This drag reduction effect is of great significance for improving the roof resistance and layout.
表1:时速400公里受电弓开口方向气动仿真各部件阻力Table 1: Aerodynamic simulation of the resistance of each component in the opening direction of the pantograph at a speed of 400 kilometers per hour
上面结合附图对本发明的实施例进行了描述,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,而不是局限性的,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下,在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下,还可做出很多形式,这些均属于本发明的保护范围之内。The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other if there is no conflict. The present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation, the above specific implementation is only illustrative, rather than limiting, those skilled in the art under the enlightenment of the present invention, without departing from the purpose and rights of the present invention In the case of requiring the scope of protection, many forms can also be made, and these all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
- 一种绝缘子,包括芯棒(1)和外壳(2),所述外壳(2)包裹在所述芯棒(1)外,其特征在于,所述外壳(2)内设置有两根软管(3),两根所述软管(3)围绕所述芯棒(1)设置,且两根所述软管(3)呈双螺旋分布,所述软管(3)将所述外壳(2)的顶部和底部连通。An insulator comprising a core rod (1) and a casing (2), the casing (2) wrapping the core rod (1), characterized in that two hoses are arranged inside the casing (2) (3), the two hoses (3) are arranged around the mandrel (1), and the two hoses (3) are distributed in a double helix, and the hoses (3) connect the shell ( 2) The top and bottom are connected.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种绝缘子,其特征在于,所述芯棒(1)的顶部固定设置有连接件(5),所述连接件(5)的顶部凸出于所述外壳(2),且连接件(5)的顶部设置有内螺纹孔。The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, the top of the mandrel (1) is fixedly provided with a connecting piece (5), and the top of the connecting piece (5) protrudes from the shell (2 ), and the top of the connector (5) is provided with an internal threaded hole.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种绝缘子,其特征在于,所述外壳(2)呈椭圆锥台形状,其任意水平剖面呈椭圆,所述外壳(2)顶端的水平投影面积小于底端的水平投影面积。The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, the housing (2) is in the shape of an elliptical truncated cone, and any horizontal section thereof is an ellipse, and the horizontal projection area of the top of the housing (2) is smaller than the horizontal projection of the bottom end area.
- 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种绝缘子,其特征在于,所述外壳(2)的外表面具有第一伞裙(6)、第二伞裙(7)和第三伞裙(8),所述第一伞裙(6)、第二伞裙(7)和第三伞裙(8)在水平面内的投影均呈椭圆形,所述第一伞裙(6)的投影面积大于第二伞裙(7)的投影面积,所述第二伞裙(7)的投影面积大于第三伞裙(8)的投影面积;所述外壳(2)外表面的最高伞裙和最低伞裙均采用第一伞裙(6),第三伞裙(8)和第二伞裙(7)依次交替设置在最高的第一伞裙(6)和最低的第一伞裙(6)之间,所述第三伞裙(8)的椭圆长轴垂直于所述第一伞裙(6)的椭圆长轴,所述第一伞裙(6)的椭圆长轴平行于所述第二伞裙(7)的椭圆长轴以及外壳(2)的椭圆长轴。An insulator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the outer surface of the housing (2) has a first shed (6), a second shed (7) and a third shed (8), the projections of the first shed (6), the second shed (7) and the third shed (8) in the horizontal plane are elliptical, and the projection of the first shed (6) The area is greater than the projected area of the second shed (7), and the projected area of the second shed (7) is greater than the projected area of the third shed (8); the highest shed and the outer surface of the shell (2) The lowest sheds all adopt the first sheds (6), the third sheds (8) and the second sheds (7) are alternately arranged on the highest first sheds (6) and the lowest first sheds (6) ), the long axis of the ellipse of the third shed (8) is perpendicular to the long axis of the ellipse of the first shed (6), and the long axis of the ellipse of the first shed (6) is parallel to the The major axis of the ellipse of the second shed (7) and the major axis of the ellipse of the shell (2).
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种绝缘子,其特征在于,所述第三伞裙(8)的椭圆短轴的长度小于第三伞裙(8)所在外壳(2)的椭圆短轴。The insulator according to claim 4, characterized in that the length of the minor axis of the ellipse of the third shed (8) is smaller than the minor axis of the ellipse of the casing (2) where the third shed (8) is located.
- 根据权利要求4所述的一种绝缘子,其特征在于,第一伞裙(6)、第三伞裙(8)、第二伞裙(7)、第三伞裙(8)、第二伞裙(7)、第三伞裙(8)、第一伞裙(6)从上到下依次分布在所述外壳(2)的外表面。An insulator according to claim 4, characterized in that the first shed (6), the third shed (8), the second shed (7), the third shed (8), the second shed The skirt (7), the third umbrella skirt (8) and the first umbrella skirt (6) are distributed sequentially on the outer surface of the shell (2) from top to bottom.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种绝缘子,其特征在于,所述芯棒(1)和外壳(2)的底部设置有法兰(4)。The insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that flanges (4) are provided on the bottoms of the mandrel (1) and the shell (2).
- 一种如权利要求1-7任意一项所述的绝缘子的安装结构,其特征在于:所述绝缘子底部的法兰(4)通过紧固件与车顶(9)相连,所述绝缘子的顶部通过紧固件与受电弓底架(11)相连,所述车顶和所述受电弓底架(11)之间设置有两个所述绝缘子,两个所述绝缘子在车体纵向方向上间隔设置,且两个所述绝缘子位于车体纵向中心线的两侧;An installation structure of an insulator according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: the flange (4) at the bottom of the insulator is connected to the roof (9) through fasteners, and the top of the insulator Connected to the pantograph underframe (11) by fasteners, two insulators are arranged between the roof and the pantograph underframe (11), and the two insulators are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body The upper part is arranged at intervals, and the two insulators are located on both sides of the longitudinal center line of the car body;其中一个绝缘子的一个软管(3)将车体内的风源与受电弓风管连通,另一个绝缘子的 一个软管(3)成为受电弓ADD反馈气路的一部分。A hose (3) of one of the insulators connects the air source in the vehicle body with the pantograph air duct, and a hose (3) of the other insulator becomes a part of the feedback air circuit of the pantograph ADD.
- 根据权利要求8所述的安装结构,其特征在于,所述绝缘子的第一伞裙(6)、第二伞裙(7)的椭圆长轴平行于车体的纵向方向,所述绝缘子的第三伞裙(8)的椭圆长轴垂直于车体的纵向方向。The installation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that the elliptical major axes of the first shed (6) and the second shed (7) of the insulator are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the first shed (7) of the insulator is The elliptical major axis of the three umbrella skirts (8) is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body.
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CN113421726B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2023-04-07 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Insulator and mounting structure thereof |
US20230238202A1 (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-07-27 | S&C Electric Company | Insulator with asymmetric sheds |
CN114628091B (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-12-06 | 北京中车赛德铁道电气科技有限公司 | Supporting insulator for pantograph |
CN114498165B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2024-01-19 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | High weather-resistant connector structure for rail transit, production process of connector structure and L-shaped rigid outdoor terminal |
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CN202662403U (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-01-09 | 浙江省江山江汇电气有限公司 | Cone-shaped multilayer post insulator |
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JPH09196119A (en) * | 1996-01-19 | 1997-07-29 | Nok Megurasutikku Kk | Vibration-isolating insulator |
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