WO2022267441A1 - 光伏建材组件及其装卸方法 - Google Patents

光伏建材组件及其装卸方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022267441A1
WO2022267441A1 PCT/CN2022/070259 CN2022070259W WO2022267441A1 WO 2022267441 A1 WO2022267441 A1 WO 2022267441A1 CN 2022070259 W CN2022070259 W CN 2022070259W WO 2022267441 A1 WO2022267441 A1 WO 2022267441A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connecting piece
building material
photovoltaic
material assembly
photovoltaic building
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/070259
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
覃武
李伟进
Original Assignee
珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Application filed by 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 filed Critical 珠海格力电器股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022267441A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022267441A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E04F13/0814—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements fixed by means of clamping action
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0866—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels or layered panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/21—Fastening means specially adapted for covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/22—Anchors, support angles or consoles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/21—Fastening means specially adapted for covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/24—Hidden fastening means on the rear of the covering or lining elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/26—Building materials integrated with PV modules, e.g. façade elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
    • E04F2290/02—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for accommodating service installations or utility lines, e.g. heating conduits, electrical lines, lighting devices or service outlets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the disclosure relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a photovoltaic building material component and a loading and unloading method thereof.
  • Ceramic tile is a kind of construction or decoration material.
  • ceramic tiles are refractory metal oxides and semi-metal oxides that are formed through the process of grinding, mixing, pressing, glazing, and sintering, and are acid and alkali resistant porcelain or stone materials. Ceramic tiles are generally pasted on the wall or the ground at one time, and cannot be disassembled and replaced. When replacing ceramic tiles, tiles need to be smashed, and the removal process is very troublesome.
  • the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic building material component and an assembly and disassembly method thereof, which can facilitate the disassembly of the photovoltaic building material component.
  • a photovoltaic building material assembly including: a decorative board; a first connector, arranged on the decorative board; a photovoltaic module, arranged on the decorative board, configured to photovoltaic power generation on the above-mentioned decorative board; and a second connecting piece that can be set on the building, wherein the first connecting piece is detachably connected to the second connecting piece, and the decorative board passes through the first The coupling between the connecting piece and the second connecting piece is fixed on the building.
  • the first connecting piece is engaged with the second connecting piece.
  • the first connecting part is a buckle
  • the second connecting part is a hook matched with the first connecting part; or, the first connecting part is a hook, and the The second connecting part is a buckle matched with the first connecting part.
  • the first connecting member conducts electricity, and the first connecting member conducts with the electrodes of the photovoltaic module;
  • the second connecting member includes a bus bar, and the first connecting member is connected to the second connecting member. When the connecting piece is clamped, the first connecting piece is in conduction with the bus bar.
  • the decorative board has a lighting side and a backlight side
  • the first connecting member is disposed on the backlight side of the decorative board.
  • the decorative board is provided with a gasket, and the gasket is located at the connection between the first connecting member and the electrode of the photovoltaic module.
  • the second connector further includes a package body, the busbar is located in the package body, and the package body is provided with an installation groove corresponding to the first connector part, and the busbar passes through in the installation groove; when the first connector is clamped with the second connector, the first connector is located in the installation groove and is clamped with the bus bar in the installation groove.
  • the outer periphery of the decorative board is provided with a sealing structure, and two adjacent decorative boards are sealed by the sealing structure.
  • the sealing structure is serrated.
  • the decorative board includes a stacked panel and a back panel
  • the photovoltaic module is disposed between the panel and the back panel
  • the panel is a daylighting surface
  • the first connector is a metal buckle
  • the metal buckle has a fixed end and a clamping end
  • the fixed end is arranged on the backlight side of the decorative board, and is connected to the photovoltaic module
  • the electrodes are welded together through the via hole and conduction;
  • the clamping end is two clamping arms with elasticity, and the two clamping arms enclose a clamping space; wherein, between the first connecting piece and the second When the connector is clamped, the busbar is located in the clamping space, and the two clamping arms are clamped on the outer surface of the busbar and communicate with the busbar.
  • guide parts are provided on the two clamping arms.
  • a method for loading and unloading the aforementioned photovoltaic building material components including:
  • the photovoltaic building material assembly When the photovoltaic building material assembly is installed on the building wall, the photovoltaic building material assembly is pressed against the building wall, so that the guide part is pressed against the busbar, so that the interaction between the guide part and the busbar Next, the two clamping arms are opened so that the bus bar enters the clamping space, and the two clamping arms are engaged on the bus bar, thereby realizing the fixing and electrical connection of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece .
  • the loading and unloading method also includes:
  • the decorative panel can be fixed on the building by cooperating with the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece. Since the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are detachably connected, the decorative panel needs to be replaced , the first connecting piece can be disassembled from the second connecting piece, thereby separating the decorative panel from the building.
  • the photovoltaic building material assembly of the present disclosure realizes the detachable connection between the decorative panel and the building by using the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece. When replacing the decorative panel, it is not necessary to destroy the decorative panel, and the efficiency of installation and replacement is improved. , Reduce the initial construction cost and the later maintenance cost.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic building material assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is an assembly diagram of photovoltaic building material components according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first connector of a photovoltaic building material assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a decorative panel of a photovoltaic building material assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of A in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second connector of a photovoltaic building material assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 is an exploded view of a decorative panel of a photovoltaic building material assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Drawing reference signs 10, decorative board; 12, sealing structure; 13, panel; 14, back plate; 20, photovoltaic module; 30, first connector; 32, fixed end; 31, clamping end; 33, guide 40, the second connector; 41, the bus bar; 42, the package body; 421, the installation groove; 50, the gasket; 60, the suction cup.
  • a specific device when it is described that a specific device is located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intervening device between the specific device and the first device or the second device.
  • the specific device When it is described that a specific device is connected to other devices, the specific device may be directly connected to the other device without an intervening device, or may not be directly connected to the other device but has an intervening device.
  • the present disclosure discloses a photovoltaic building material assembly, including a decorative board 10 , a photovoltaic assembly 20 , a first connector 30 and a second connector 40 .
  • the first connecting member 30 is disposed on the decorative panel 10 .
  • the photovoltaic assembly 20 is arranged on the decorative board 10 , and the photovoltaic assembly 20 is used to generate electricity by using light irradiated on the decorative board 10 .
  • the second connecting piece 40 can be set on the building, the first connecting piece 30 is detachably connected with the second connecting piece 40, and the decorative panel 10 is fixed on the building through the cooperation of the first connecting piece 30 and the second connecting piece 40. superior.
  • the decorative panel 10 can be fixed on the building by cooperating with the first connecting member 30 and the second connecting member 40. Since the first connecting member 30 and the second connecting member 40 are detachably connected, When the decorative panel 10 needs to be replaced, the first connecting part 30 can be disassembled from the second connecting part 40, so that the decorative panel 10 is separated from the building.
  • the photovoltaic building material assembly of the present disclosure realizes the detachable connection between the decorative panel 10 and the building by using the first connecting piece 30 and the second connecting piece 40. When the decorative panel 10 is replaced, the decorative panel 10 does not need to be damaged any more. Improve installation and replacement efficiency, reduce early construction costs and later maintenance costs.
  • the decorative board 10 may be ceramic tiles laid on the wall, or may be a curtain wall structure of a building.
  • the first connecting member 30 is engaged with the second connecting member 40 .
  • the first connecting part 30 is a buckle
  • the second connecting part 40 is a hook matched with the first connecting part 30; or, the first connecting part 30 is a clip hook, and the second connecting part 40 is a buckle matched with the first connecting part 30 .
  • first connecting member 30 and the second connecting member 40 may also be used between the first connecting member 30 and the second connecting member 40 , for example, through magnetic connection.
  • the first connecting member 30 conducts electricity, and the first connecting member 30 conducts with electrodes of the photovoltaic module 20 .
  • the second connecting piece 40 includes a bus bar 41 , and when the first connecting piece 30 is engaged with the second connecting piece 40 , the first connecting piece 30 is connected to the bus bar 41 .
  • the conduction form of the first connecting member 30 may be overall conduction or partial conduction.
  • the first connector 30 is made of a conductive material as a whole, such as copper, iron, etc. in metal materials. This material can not only have good conductivity, but also have a certain degree of firmness, which can reduce power loss. It can also ensure the reliability of the card connection.
  • the part of the first connector 30 is made of conductive material, for example: the first connector 30 is a plastic structure, and a structure similar to an electrode is provided at the contact position between the plastic structure and the bus bar 41, and the electrode is connected to the photovoltaic module through a wire. electrode conduction.
  • the electrodes in contact with the bus bar 41 can be made of metal or graphite. The advantage of this is that the plastic construction is less expensive and lighter.
  • the decorative board 10 has a daylighting side and a backlight side, and for the convenience of installation, the first connecting member 30 is arranged on the backlight side of the decoration board 10 .
  • a via hole is provided on the backlight side of the decorative board 10; as shown in FIG.
  • the backlight side of the decorative board is set, and at the same time, the electrodes of the photovoltaic module are welded to the fixed end 32 through the via holes and conducted.
  • the clamping end 31 is two clamping arms with elasticity, and the two clamping arms enclose a clamping space.
  • the busbar 41 When the first connector is clamped with the second connector, the busbar 41 is located in the clamping space, and the size in the clamping space is approximately equal to the diameter of the busbar 41, and the clamping arm is clamped on the outer surface of the busbar 41 and guided with the busbar 41. Pass. Both clamping arms are provided with guides 33 .
  • the building wall such as a concrete wall
  • the guide part 33 is pressed against the busbar 41
  • the two clamping arms are opened, and the busbar 41 enters In the clamping space, the two clamping arms are snapped onto the busbar, thereby being fixed and easy to install.
  • dismounting only need to utilize suction cup 60 to suck on the front of decorative panel 10 and pull out outwards to get final product.
  • the decorative board 10 is provided with a gasket 50 , and the gasket 50 is located at the connection between the first connector 30 and the electrode of the photovoltaic module 20 , so as to prevent moisture short circuit.
  • the second connector 40 also includes a package body 42, the bus bar 41 is located in the package body 42, the package body 42 is provided with a mounting groove 421 corresponding to the first connector 30, and the bus bar 41 is passed through the mounting groove 421, when the first connecting piece 30 is engaged with the second connecting piece 40, the first connecting piece 30 is located in the installation groove 421 and is engaged with the bus bar 41 in the installation groove 421.
  • a fixing groove is opened on the wall, and the package body 42 and the bus bar 41 are fixed in the fixing groove to complete wiring.
  • the bus bar 41 can be partially exposed, so as to cooperate with the first connecting member 30 to be fixed and conduction.
  • several decorative panels 10 can be fastened to the bus bar 41 through metal buckles to complete the electrical series connection, and the bus bar terminal is then connected to the overall system of photovoltaic combiner box, inverter, controller, load, etc. middle.
  • the bus bar 41 includes a positive bus bar and a negative bus bar, and there are two metal buckles, one of which is a positive metal buckle snapped to the positive bus bar, and the other is a negative metal buckle snapped to the negative bus bar.
  • the positive metal buckle is connected to the positive electrode of the photovoltaic module, and the negative metal buckle is connected to the negative electrode of the photovoltaic module.
  • a sealing structure 12 is provided on the outer periphery of the decorative board 10 , and two adjacent decorative boards 10 are sealed by the sealing structure 12 .
  • the sealing structure 12 is saw-toothed, that is to say, the sides of the decorative boards 10 form a saw-toothed shape, and the decorative boards 10 can engage with each other during installation to achieve the function of sealing and waterproofing the wall and protecting internal electrical connections.
  • the decorative panel 10 includes a stacked panel 13 and a back panel 14 , the photovoltaic module 20 is arranged between the panel 13 and the back panel 14 , and the panel 13 is a daylighting surface.
  • the decorative board 10 is a quadrangular multi-layer structure, that is, a light-transmitting panel and a back panel made of traditional materials.
  • the photovoltaic module 20 is similar to the ordinary photovoltaic panel.
  • the solar cell with the power generation chip, the connecting bus strip and the packaging film, The encapsulation film is melted and sealed in a high-temperature and high-pressure vacuum environment.
  • the sealed decorative board 10 is welded with the positive and negative terminal of the photovoltaic module and the metal snap-fit, and is provided with a gasket as a basic support when the decorative board 10 is installed, forming a sealed structure.
  • the present disclosure also provides a loading and unloading method of the foregoing photovoltaic building material assembly embodiment.
  • the method includes: when installing the photovoltaic building material assembly on the building wall 01, pressing the photovoltaic building material assembly to the building wall 01, so that the guide part 33 is pressed against the bus bar 41, so that Under the interaction between the part 33 and the busbar 41, the two clamping arms are opened, so that the busbar 41 enters the clamping space, and the two clamping arms are engaged on the busbar 41, thereby realizing the first connection Fixing and electrical connection of the piece 30 and the second connecting piece 40 .
  • the loading and unloading method may further include: when detaching the photovoltaic building material assembly from the building wall 01, suck the suction cup 60 on the daylighting side of the decorative panel 10; pull the suction cup outward to make the photovoltaic building material assembly
  • the first connecting member 30 is disconnected from the second connecting member 40, so that the photovoltaic building material assembly is separated from the building wall 01.

Abstract

一种光伏建材组件及其装卸方法。光伏建材组件包括：装饰板(10)；第一连接件(30)，设置在所述装饰板(10)上；光伏组件(20)，设置在所述装饰板(10)上，被配置为利用照射在所述装饰板(10)上的光发电；和第二连接件(40)，可设置在建筑物上，其中，所述第一连接件(30)与所述第二连接件(40)可拆卸地连接，所述装饰板(10)通过所述第一连接件(30)与所述第二连接件(40)的配合固定在所述建筑物上。

Description

光伏建材组件及其装卸方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是以CN申请号为202110700824.X，申请日为2021年6月23日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及光伏发电技术领域，具体涉及一种光伏建材组件及其装卸方法。
背景技术
随着光伏技术的发展和太阳能发电产品成本的降低，光伏的应用从集中式、工商业应用逐步过渡到分布式、可民用的领域。光伏产品在建筑上的应用也越来越多，将光伏属性增加到建筑材料上面的方式在未来绿色建筑、零碳建筑领域将极具市场规模。
瓷砖是一种建筑或装饰材料。通常来说，瓷砖是耐火的金属氧化物及半金属氧化物经过研磨、混合、压制、施釉、烧结的过程而形成的一种耐酸碱的瓷质或石质等材料。瓷砖一般是一次性粘贴在墙壁或地面上，不可拆卸更换。在更换瓷砖时，需要将瓷砖敲碎，拆除过程十分麻烦。
一些相关技术出现了结合了光伏发电的光伏瓷砖，其含有光伏板。
发明内容
发明人经研究发现，光伏瓷砖与传统瓷砖不同，其包含的光伏板是存在损坏概率的，若采用与传统瓷砖相同的安装方式，那么当光伏板损坏时，就需要将瓷砖砸碎拆除，不仅费时费力，而且还容易损伤周围的光伏瓷砖。
有鉴于此，本公开提了一种光伏建材组件及其装卸方法，能够解决方便光伏建材组件的拆卸。
在本公开的一个方面，提供一种光伏建材组件，包括：装饰板；第一连接件，设置在所述装饰板上；光伏组件，设置在所述装饰板上，被配置为利用照射在所述装饰板上的光发电；和第二连接件，可设置在建筑物上，其中，所述第一连接件与所述第二连接件可拆卸地连接，所述装饰板通过所述第一连接件与所述第二连接件的配合固 定在所述建筑物上。
在一些实施例中，所述第一连接件与所述第二连接件卡接。
在一些实施例中，所述第一连接件为卡扣，所述第二连接件为与所述第一连接件相匹配的卡钩；或者，所述第一连接件为卡钩，所述第二连接件为与所述第一连接件相匹配的卡扣。
在一些实施例中，所述第一连接件导电，所述第一连接件与所述光伏组件的电极导通；所述第二连接件包括母线，所述第一连接件与所述第二连接件卡接的同时，所述第一连接件与所述母线导通。
在一些实施例中，所述装饰板具有采光侧和背光侧，所述第一连接件设置在所述装饰板的背光侧。
在一些实施例中，所述装饰板设置上有密封垫，所述密封垫位于所述第一连接件与所述光伏组件的电极连接处。
在一些实施例中，所述第二连接件还包括封装体，所述母线位于所述封装体内，所述封装体上设置有与所述第一连接件对应的安装槽，所述母线穿设于所述安装槽内；所述第一连接件与所述第二连接件卡接时，所述第一连接件位于所述安装槽内，并与所述安装槽内的母线卡接。
在一些实施例中，所述装饰板的外周设置有密封结构，相邻的两个所述装饰板通过所述密封结构密封。
在一些实施例中，所述密封结构为锯齿状。
在一些实施例中，所述装饰板包括叠置的面板和背板，所述光伏组件设置在所述面板和所述背板之间，所述面板为采光面。
在一些实施例中，所述第一连接件为金属卡扣，所述金属卡扣具有固定端和夹持端，所述固定端设置在所述装饰板的背光侧，并与所述光伏组件的电极通过过孔焊接在一起并导通；所述夹持端为具有弹性的两个夹持臂，所述两个夹持臂围成夹持空间；其中，在第一连接件与第二连接件卡接时，所述母线位于所述夹持空间内，所述两个夹持臂夹持在所述母线的外表面并与所述母线导通。
在一些实施例中，所述两个夹持臂上均设置有引导部。
在本公开的一个方面，提供一种前述光伏建材组件的装卸方法，包括：
在建筑物墙体安装所述光伏建材组件时，将所述光伏建材组件向所述建筑物墙体按压，使引导部抵顶在母线上，以便在所述引导部与所述母线的相互作用下，使两个 夹持臂张开，以便所述母线进入夹持空间内，且所述两个夹持臂咬合在母线上，从而实现第一连接件与第二连接件的固定和电连接。
在一些实施例中，所述装卸方法还包括：
在从所述建筑物墙体拆卸所述光伏建材组件时，将吸盘吸在装饰板的采光侧；
向外拉动所述吸盘，使所述第一连接件与所述第二连接件断开连接，从而使所述光伏建材组件与所述建筑物墙体分离。
在安装时，通过第一连接件与第二连接件相互配合，可以将装饰板固定在建筑物上，由于第一连接件与第二连接件之间是可拆卸地连接，在需要更换装饰板时，可以将第一连接件从第二连接件上拆卸下来，从而使装饰板与建筑物分离。本公开的光伏建材组件通过采用第一连接件和第二连接件，实现了装饰板与建筑物之间的可拆卸连接，在更换装饰板时，不用再将装饰板破坏，提高安装、更换效率，降低前期施工成本以及后期维护成本。
附图说明
图1是本公开一些实施例的光伏建材组件的结构示意图；
图2是本公开一些实施例的光伏建材组件的装配图；
图3是本公开一些实施例的光伏建材组件的第一连接件的结构示意图；
图4是本公开一些实施例的光伏建材组件的装饰板的结构示意图；
图5是图4中A的局部放大图；
图6是本公开一些实施例的光伏建材组件的第二连接件的结构示意图；
图7是本公开一些实施例的光伏建材组件的装饰板的爆炸图。
应当明白，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。此外，相同或类似的参考标号表示相同或类似的构件。
附图参考标号：10、装饰板；12、密封结构；13、面板；14、背板；20、光伏组件；30、第一连接件；32、固定端；31、夹持端；33、引导部；40、第二连接件；41、母线；42、封装体；421、安装槽；50、密封垫；60、吸盘。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本公开的各种示例性实施例。对示例性实施例的描述仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。本公开可以以许多 不同的形式实现，不限于这里所述的实施例。提供这些实施例是为了使本公开透彻且完整，并且向本领域技术人员充分表达本公开的范围。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、材料的组分、数字表达式和数值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。
本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指在该词前的要素涵盖在该词后列举的要素，并不排除也涵盖其他要素的可能。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
在本公开中，当描述到特定器件位于第一器件和第二器件之间时，在该特定器件与第一器件或第二器件之间可以存在居间器件，也可以不存在居间器件。当描述到特定器件连接其它器件时，该特定器件可以与所述其它器件直接连接而不具有居间器件，也可以不与所述其它器件直接连接而具有居间器件。
本公开使用的所有术语(包括技术术语或者科学术语)与本公开所属领域的普通技术人员理解的含义相同，除非另外特别定义。还应当理解，在诸如通用字典中定义的术语应当被解释为具有与它们在相关技术的上下文中的含义相一致的含义，而不应用理想化或极度形式化的意义来解释，除非这里明确地这样定义。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
如图1和图2所示，本公开公开了一种光伏建材组件，包括装饰板10、光伏组件20、第一连接件30和第二连接件40。第一连接件30设置在装饰板10上。光伏组件20设置在装饰板10上，光伏组件20用于利用照射在装饰板10上的光发电。第二连接件40能够被设置在建筑物上，第一连接件30与第二连接件40可拆卸地连接，装饰板10通过第一连接件30与第二连接件40的配合固定在建筑物上。
在安装时，通过第一连接件30与第二连接件40相互配合，可以将装饰板10固定在建筑物上，由于第一连接件30与第二连接件40之间是可拆卸地连接，在需要更换装饰板10时，可以将第一连接件30从第二连接件40上拆卸下来，从而使装饰板10与建筑物分离。本公开的光伏建材组件通过采用第一连接件30和第二连接件40，实现了装饰板10与建筑物之间的可拆卸连接，在更换装饰板10时，不用再将装饰板10破坏，提高安装、更换效率，降低前期施工成本以及后期维护成本。
需要说明的是，装饰板10可以是铺设在墙壁上的瓷砖，也可以是建筑物的幕墙结构。
进一步地，为了方便装饰板10的安装与拆卸，第一连接件30与第二连接件40卡接。
在一些实施例中，所述第一连接件30为卡扣，所述第二连接件40为与所述第一连接件30相匹配的卡钩；或者，所述第一连接件30为卡钩，所述第二连接件40为与所述第一连接件30相匹配的卡扣。通过设置卡扣与卡钩，可以使卡扣与卡槽相配合形成卡接结构，安装和拆卸都非常方便。
除此之外，第一连接件30与第二连接件40之间还可以采用其他可拆卸连接方式，例如通过磁力连接。
参考图2，在一些实施例中，第一连接件30导电，第一连接件30与光伏组件20的电极导通。第二连接件40包括母线41，第一连接件30与第二连接件40卡接的同时，第一连接件30与母线41导通。
需要说明的是，第一连接件30导电的形式可以是整体导电，也可以是部分导电。在一些实施例中，第一连接件30整体是导电材质，例如：金属材质中的铜、铁等，这种材质既可以有良好的导电性，又具有一定的牢固性，可以减少电能损耗，又可以保证卡接的可靠性。在另一些实施例中，第一连接件30的部分是导电材质，例如：第一连接件30为塑料结构，在塑料结构与母线41接触位置设置有类似电极的结构，电极通过导线与光伏组件的电极导通。与母线41接触的电极可以是金属材质，也可以是石墨。这样的好处是塑料结构成本更加低廉，而且更加轻便。
装饰板10具有采光侧和背光侧，为了方便安装，第一连接件30设置在装饰板10的背光侧。具体地，装饰板10的背光侧上设置有过孔；如图3所示，以第一连接件30为金属卡扣为例，金属卡扣具有固定端32和夹持端31；固定端32设置装饰板的背光侧，同时，光伏组件的电极通过过孔与固定端32焊接在一起并导通。夹持端31为具有弹性的两个夹持臂，两个夹持臂围成夹持空间。第一连接件与第二连接件卡接时，母线41位于夹持空间内，夹持空间内的尺寸约等于母线41的直径，夹持臂夹持在母线41的外表面并与母线41导通。两个夹持臂上均设置有引导部33。在安装时，向建筑物墙体(例如混凝土墙体)按压，使引导部33抵顶在母线41上，在引导部33与母线41的相互作用下，两个夹持臂打开，母线41进入夹持空间内，两个夹持臂咬合在母线上，从而固定，方便安装。在拆卸时，只需利用吸盘60吸在装饰板10正面 向外抽离即可。
如图4所示，装饰板10设置上有密封垫50，密封垫50位于第一连接件30与光伏组件20的电极连接处，从而防止受潮短路。
如图6所示，第二连接件40还包括封装体42，母线41位于封装体42内，封装体42上设置有与第一连接件30对应的安装槽421，母线41穿设于安装槽421内，第一连接件30与第二连接件40卡接时，第一连接件30位于安装槽421内，并与安装槽421内的母线41卡接，优选地，安装槽421为多个。通过设置封装体42，并将母线41封装在封装体42内，可以起到保护母线41的作用，防止母线41损坏，封装体42可以是走线盒，也可以是封装胶，在安装装饰板10之前，在墙壁上开设固定槽，将封装体42和母线41固定在固定槽内完成走线。通过设置安装槽421可以使母线41部分露出，从而与第一连接件30配合固定并导通。通过设置多个安装槽421，可以使若干块装饰板10通过金属卡扣扣接在母线41上完成电气串联，母线终端再接入到光伏汇流箱、逆变器以及控制器、负载等整体系统中。
需要说明的是，母线41包括正母线和负母线，而金属卡扣也是两个，其中，一个是与正母线卡接的正极金属卡扣，另一个是负母线卡接的负极金属卡扣，正极金属卡扣与光伏组件的正电极导通，负极金属卡扣与光伏组件的负电极导通。
如图5所示，装饰板10的外周设置有密封结构12，相邻的两个装饰板10通过密封结构12密封。优选地，密封结构12为锯齿状，也就是说，装饰板10的侧边形成锯齿状，在安装时装饰板10之间可以相互咬合达到墙体密闭防水、保护内部电气连接的作用。
如图7所示，装饰板10包括叠置的面板13和背板14，光伏组件20设置在面板13和背板14之间，面板13为采光面。
装饰板10为四边形的多层结构，即具有透光性的面板和传统材质的背面板，光伏组件20与普通光伏板的工艺类似，具有发电芯片的太阳能电池及连接汇流带及封装胶膜，利用封装胶膜在高温高压的真空环境中进行熔融密封。密封完成的装饰板10将光伏组件的正负极引出端与金属材质的卡扣焊接，并配有密封垫作为装饰板10安装时的基本支撑件，形成密封结构。
参考图1-图7，本公开还提供了前述光伏建材组件实施例的装卸方法。该方法包括：在建筑物墙体01安装所述光伏建材组件时，将所述光伏建材组件向所述建筑物墙体01按压，使引导部33抵顶在母线41上，以在所述引导部33与所述母线41的 相互作用下使两个夹持臂张开，以便所述母线41进入夹持空间内，且所述两个夹持臂咬合在母线41上，从而实现第一连接件30与第二连接件40的固定和电连接。
在一些实施例中，装卸方法还可包括：在从所述建筑物墙体01拆卸所述光伏建材组件时，将吸盘60吸在装饰板10的采光侧；向外拉动所述吸盘，使所述第一连接件30与所述第二连接件40断开连接，从而使所述光伏建材组件与所述建筑物墙体01分离。
显然，本公开的上述实施方式仅仅是为清楚地说明本公开所作的举例，而并非是对本公开的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡是属于本公开的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本公开的保护范围之列。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种光伏建材组件，包括：
    装饰板(10)；
    第一连接件(30)，设置在所述装饰板(10)上；
    光伏组件(20)，设置在所述装饰板(10)上，被配置为利用照射在所述装饰板(10)上的光发电；和
    第二连接件(40)，可设置在建筑物上，
    其中，所述第一连接件(30)与所述第二连接件(40)可拆卸地连接，所述装饰板(10)通过所述第一连接件(30)与所述第二连接件(40)的配合固定在所述建筑物上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏建材组件，其中，
    所述第一连接件(30)与所述第二连接件(40)卡接。
  3. 根据前述权利要求任一项所述的光伏建材组件，其中，
    所述第一连接件(30)为卡扣，所述第二连接件(40)为与所述第一连接件(30)相匹配的卡钩；或者，所述第一连接件(30)为卡钩，所述第二连接件(40)为与所述第一连接件(30)相匹配的卡扣。
  4. 根据前述权利要求任一项所述的光伏建材组件，其中，
    所述第一连接件(30)导电，所述第一连接件(30)与所述光伏组件(20)的电极导通；
    所述第二连接件(40)包括母线(41)，所述第一连接件(30)与所述第二连接件(40)卡接的同时，所述第一连接件(30)与所述母线(41)导通。
  5. 根据前述权利要求任一项所述的光伏建材组件，其中，
    所述装饰板(10)具有采光侧和背光侧，所述第一连接件(30)设置在所述装饰板(10)的背光侧。
  6. 根据前述权利要求任一项所述的光伏建材组件，其中，
    所述装饰板(10)设置上有密封垫(50)，所述密封垫(50)位于所述第一连接件(30)与所述光伏组件(20)的电极连接处。
  7. 根据前述权利要求任一项所述的光伏建材组件，其中，
    所述第二连接件(40)还包括封装体(42)，所述母线(41)位于所述封装体(42) 内，所述封装体(42)上设置有与所述第一连接件(30)对应的安装槽(421)，所述母线(41)穿设于所述安装槽(421)内；所述第一连接件(30)与所述第二连接件(40)卡接时，所述第一连接件(30)位于所述安装槽(421)内，并与所述安装槽(421)内的母线(41)卡接。
  8. 根据前述权利要求任一项所述的光伏建材组件，其中，
    所述装饰板(10)的外周设置有密封结构(12)，相邻的两个所述装饰板(10)通过所述密封结构(12)密封。
  9. 根据前述权利要求任一项所述的光伏建材组件，其中，
    所述密封结构(12)为锯齿状。
  10. 根据前述权利要求任一项所述的光伏建材组件，其中，
    所述装饰板(10)包括叠置的面板(13)和背板(14)，所述光伏组件(20)设置在所述面板(13)和所述背板(14)之间，所述面板(13)为采光面。
  11. 根据前述权利要求任一项所述的光伏建材组件，其中，所述第一连接件(30)为金属卡扣，所述金属卡扣具有固定端(32)和夹持端(31)，所述固定端(32)设置在所述装饰板(10)的背光侧，并与所述光伏组件(20)的电极通过过孔焊接在一起并导通；所述夹持端(31)为具有弹性的两个夹持臂，所述两个夹持臂围成夹持空间；其中，在第一连接件与第二连接件卡接时，所述母线(41)位于所述夹持空间内，所述两个夹持臂夹持在所述母线(41)的外表面并与所述母线(41)导通。
  12. 根据前述权利要求任一项所述的光伏建材组件，其中，所述两个夹持臂上均设置有引导部(33)。
  13. 一种前述权利要求任一项所述的光伏建材组件的装卸方法，包括：
    在建筑物墙体(01)安装所述光伏建材组件时，将所述光伏建材组件向所述建筑物墙体(01)按压，使引导部(33)抵顶在母线(41)上，以在所述引导部(33)与所述母线(41)的相互作用下使两个夹持臂张开，以便所述母线(41)进入夹持空间内，且所述两个夹持臂咬合在母线(41)上，从而实现第一连接件(30)与第二连接件(40)的固定和电连接。
  14. 根据权利要求任一项所述的光伏建材组件的装卸方法，还包括：
    在从所述建筑物墙体(01)拆卸所述光伏建材组件时，将吸盘(60)吸在装饰板(10)的采光侧；
    向外拉动所述吸盘，使所述第一连接件(30)与所述第二连接件(40)断开连接， 从而使所述光伏建材组件与所述建筑物墙体(01)分离。
PCT/CN2022/070259 2021-06-23 2022-01-05 光伏建材组件及其装卸方法 WO2022267441A1 (zh)

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