WO2022266684A1 - Disjoncteur pyrotechnique - Google Patents

Disjoncteur pyrotechnique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022266684A1
WO2022266684A1 PCT/AT2022/060208 AT2022060208W WO2022266684A1 WO 2022266684 A1 WO2022266684 A1 WO 2022266684A1 AT 2022060208 W AT2022060208 W AT 2022060208W WO 2022266684 A1 WO2022266684 A1 WO 2022266684A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
housing
igniter
section
recess
flow channel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2022/060208
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ludwig Marker
Kurt Aigner
Dietmar HABA
Original Assignee
Astotec Automotive Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Astotec Automotive Gmbh filed Critical Astotec Automotive Gmbh
Priority to DE112022000060.0T priority Critical patent/DE112022000060A5/de
Publication of WO2022266684A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022266684A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/04—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings
    • H01H9/047—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof casings provided with venting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H39/006—Opening by severing a conductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
    • H01H71/0207—Mounting or assembling the different parts of the circuit breaker
    • H01H71/0235—Contacts and the arc extinguishing space inside individual separate cases, which are positioned inside the housing of the circuit breaker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pyrotechnic current isolator with a housing which has a recess on the inside, in which a separating piston is slidably arranged, with a pyrotechnic igniter being arranged on one side of the separating piston and with a conductor on the side of the separating piston facing away from the igniter Recess penetrated, so that the separating piston cuts through the conductor when the igniter is ignited; the housing being composed of at least two parts which are firmly connected to one another by means of one or more connecting elements such as screws or rivets; and wherein the recess is connected to the outside of the housing via at least one flow channel.
  • the housing is made up of three parts, namely a middle part, which is formed by overmolding the conductor, a part close to the igniter and a part remote from the igniter. Since the middle part is made by injection molding around the conductor, the tightness between the conductor and the middle part is automatically given.
  • the individual parts are sealed with O-rings. In this way the otherwise more difficult sealing between the metallic conductor and the housing is achieved.
  • outflow channels are proposed, into which the arc is blown. Steel wool may be placed in these channels to filter solid particles and cool the gas.
  • the disadvantage of the solutions shown in this document is that either the outflow channels are short (FIG. 4) or difficult to manufacture (FIGS. 8A, 8B) and greatly weaken the housing, so that the housing must be made more massive, which increases the manufacturing costs .
  • a flow separator of the type mentioned at the outset in that the at least one flow channel has a first section, which runs from the recess to a connecting element, a second section, which runs along at least part of the connecting element, and a third section, which runs from the connecting element to the outside of the housing.
  • the gap between the connecting elements and the housing that is present in any case forms part of the flow channel. Since the connecting elements are usually of great length, penetrating the entire housing, a long flow channel is thereby formed without weakening the housing. The gases are therefore guided to the connecting elements of the housing, then along these connecting elements and finally released to the outside.
  • this at least one flow channel is the only connection between the recess and the outside of the housing.
  • the switching chamber is tight along the connecting elements, i.e. there are no additional shorter flow channels through which hotter gases could escape, and also no additional long flow channels that would weaken the housing.
  • the first section is further away from the igniter than the third section, so that the outflow of the gases along the connecting element is opposite to the direction of movement of the separating piston.
  • the highest temperatures are caused by the arc that forms when the conductor is separated, i.e. in the area of the recess far from the igniter.
  • the first section of the flow channel thus opens into the recess in the area remote from the igniter; thus the greatest length along the connecting elements is towards the igniter and one therefore places the flow channel in that direction; and in the vicinity of the igniter, the third section is then placed towards the outside of the case. This results in the longest possible flow channel.
  • the connecting element or the connecting elements are formed by one or more screws.
  • the screw(s) is part of the flow channel, ie the screw head and the opposite end of the screw are not part of the flow channel.
  • the forces that act on the housing and thus on the screws during the cutting process are very high, and it is therefore advantageous if the screw head rests snugly on the housing or the thread at the end of the screw is fully anchored in the housing. If there were a flow channel in these areas, it would reduce the forces that the bolts can absorb.
  • the screw(s) have a thread in the area of the flow channel.
  • the screws For the mechanical connection of the housing parts, it would be sufficient if the screws only had a thread at the end (opposite the screw head). However, if the screws also have a thread in the area of the flow channel, this not only has the advantage that standard screws can be used: because if the gap between the screw and the housing in the flow channel is small, the gases are forced to escape along the threads flow, which correspondingly increases the distance that the gases have to travel, so that they are cooled more.
  • the gap between the connecting element and the associated bore in the housing in the area of the second section is a maximum of 0.4 mm, preferably a maximum of 0.3 mm.
  • this is also beneficial if there is no thread in the flow channel, because then - in relation to the cross section - a fairly large metal surface is available for cooling the gases. If there is a thread, too large a gap would allow flow around the connecting element; if the gaps are too small, the outflowing gases would be turbulent at the tips of the threads. Touching of the tips of the threads with the wall of the hole is not necessary for the correct function, but is also not impossible.
  • the present invention is particularly easy to implement when the housing is made up of three parts, namely a central part formed by overmoulding the conductor, a part close to the igniter and a part remote from the igniter, as in the above-mentioned EP 3103131 B known from Autoliv.
  • the first section of the flow channel it is possible for the first section of the flow channel to be formed by the joint between the central part and the part remote from the igniter, so that no additional manufacturing effort is required for this.
  • This joint does not need to be present in the initial state, because when the circuit breaker is triggered, the forces are so great that there is automatically a small distance between the housing parts, even if they were previously in contact with one another.
  • one can also provide a joint or grooves from the beginning, which connect the switching chamber with the connecting elements.
  • a seal should be provided between the central part and the part remote from the igniter to prevent the gases from escaping directly to the outside through the gap between the central part and the part remote from the igniter.
  • the seal forces the gases to flow along the connectors. It is important that the seal is arranged outside of the connecting elements, which is the case with the already mentioned several times EP 3103131 B by Autoliv - as far as can be seen - is not the case.
  • the seal must be elastic enough to compensate for the enlargement (or formation) of the joint between the central part and the part remote from the detonator during the separation process. It is therefore preferred that the seal is an O-ring.
  • the design is particularly simple if the third section of the flow channel is formed by the joint between the part close to the igniter and the middle part.
  • the joint only occurs during the cutting process due to the high forces that occur.
  • the outflowing gases are deflected twice at right angles (on entry to the connectors and on exit from the connectors), which makes it easy to separate larger particles.
  • a (metallic) braking element is used, ie if a braking element is provided in the recess on the side facing away from the igniter, it is advantageous if the interior and exterior of the braking element are connected to one another. This can be done by grooves or sectors in the housing. This prevents the air from accumulating in the braking element, which would be associated with longer separation times.
  • Fig. 1 a flow isolator according to the invention, which is approximately square in plan view, in a section, the sectional plane running parallel to a side wall and containing the axis of the flow isolator;
  • Fig. 2 shows a section through the same power isolator, the section plane also containing the axis, but rotated by about 45° so that it contains two fastening elements (screws);
  • Fig. 3 the same, but the circuit breaker is in the tripped state.
  • the circuit breaker has a housing, generally designated 11, which is composed of three parts: it consists of a central part 12, on either side of which parts 13 and 14 are provided. All three parts 12, 13 and 14 are injection molded parts. An igniter unit 15 which has an igniter 16 is inserted in part 13 . This part 13 is therefore referred to as the "fuze-close part”. The opposite part 14 is referred to as the "fuze-remote part”.
  • the middle part 12 has a recess 21 in which a separating piston 22 is slidably arranged. It is sealed against the housing 11 by an O-ring 23.
  • a conductor 17 is cast.
  • the floating piston 22 moves down (as seen in the figures).
  • the conductor 17 has predetermined breaking points 18a, 18b, so that the area in between, which is referred to as circuit board 20, can be severed by the separating piston 22 when it is driven down after the ignition of the igniter 16. So that the ends of the conductor 17 cannot then simply be pulled out of the housing 11, they have openings 19a, 19b, which are filled with plastic during overmoulding.
  • the part 14 remote from the igniter continues the recess 21 for a while and closes it off.
  • a braking element 24 is arranged there, which is located below the circuit board 20 and is used to brake the circuit board 20 together with the separating piston 22 so that they do not hit the end of the recess 21 with full force, which would put a heavy load on the housing.
  • the braking element 24 stands at the lower end of the recess 21 .
  • Grooves 25a, 25b are provided in this area, so that the space within the braking element 24 is fluidically connected to the space outside of the braking element 24. When the braking element 24 is compressed (see Fig. 3), the air compressed within the braking element 24 can flow out through the grooves 25a, 25b into the recess 21.
  • the three parts 12, 13 and 14 of the housing 11 are connected together by four connecting elements, of which only three connecting elements 26a-26c are visible in the drawings.
  • the connecting elements 26a-26c are screws, so that screws 26a-26c are referred to below. Only two screws 26a, 26b are visible in Fig. 1. Two more screws are in front of the plane of the drawing, just in front of the screws 26a, 26b. Screw 26c, which is in front of screw 26b in Fig. 1, can be seen in Figs. 2 and 3.
  • a seal 27 in the form of an O-ring is located between the parts 12 and 14 outside the screws 26a-26c.
  • plastic screws are often used to connect housing parts. These are screws with a special profile that is optimized for increased pull-out force in plastic components. This profile has rather thin walls and larger spaces between the threads and can be used to cool the hot gases of the flow isolator.
  • the parts 12 and 14 of the housing 11 have a bore which is slightly wider than the diameter of the screws 26a-26c in the threaded area, and the screws 26a-26c are screwed into part 13 of the housing with their self-tapping thread. As a result, parts 12 and 14 can be braced against part 13. At the same time, however, a spiral-shaped cavity is created along the screws 26a-26c, which is used to cool the gases:
  • the flow channels according to the invention are each formed as follows (see Fig. 2 and 3): by a first section 31, which is formed by a groove between the parts 12 and 14, which runs from the recess 21 to one of the screws 26a-26c leads; by a second section 32 along each screw 26a-26c; and by a third portion 33 formed by a groove between parts 12 and 13, respectively, leading to the outside of housing 11 from one of screws 26a-26c, respectively.
  • the flow channel In the direction away from the igniter, the flow channel is tightly closed off by the head and any neck of the screws 26a-26c that may be present. Since high forces are applied to part 13 when the circuit breaker trips, the heads of screws 26a-26c are pulled against part 14 and ensure a high degree of sealing, even if parts 12, 13 and 14 were not preloaded before tripping.
  • the bore in part 12 has additional segments which protrude into the threaded area and thus influence the gas flow. This can be, for example, a segment on one side of the bore and a segment spaced therefrom on the opposite side of the bore.
  • rivets with and without profiling is also possible.
  • parts 12, 13 and 14 have connecting bores through which the rivet extends.
  • Gas deflection in the area of the rivets is possible, analogous to the variant with screws, through sectors in the respective bores that prevent direct flow.

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  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un disjoncteur pyrotechnique comprenant un boîtier (11) présentant un évidement (21) dans lequel est disposé un piston de séparation (22). Le piston de séparation (22) peut être poussé contre un conducteur (17) qui traverse l'évidement (21), par un allumeur (16), de sorte que le piston de séparation sectionne le conducteur (17). Le boîtier (11) est de préférence composé de trois parties (12, 13, 14) reliées entre elles par des éléments de liaison (26a-26c), de préférence des vis. L'évidement (21) est relié à la face extérieure du boîtier (11) par l'intermédiaire de canaux d'écoulement (31, 32, 33). Selon l'invention, les canaux d'écoulement (31, 32, 33) comportent une première section (31) qui s'étend depuis l'évidement (21) vers un élément de liaison (26a-26c), une deuxième partie (32) qui s'étend le long de l'élément de liaison (26a-26c), et une troisième partie (33) qui s'étend de l'élément de liaison (26a-26c) vers la face extérieure du boîtier (11). La première section (31) et la troisième section (33) peuvent être formées par le joint entre les parties (12, 13, 14) du boîtier (11). Si la ou les vis dans la zone du canal d'écoulement (31, 32, 33) comporte un filetage, les gaz doivent s'écouler le long du filetage de telle sorte que les gaz doivent parcourir une longue distance et sont refroidis dans une large mesure.
PCT/AT2022/060208 2021-06-21 2022-06-21 Disjoncteur pyrotechnique WO2022266684A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112022000060.0T DE112022000060A5 (de) 2021-06-21 2022-06-21 Pyrotechnischer stromtrenner

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50501/2021 2021-06-21
ATA50501/2021A AT524938B1 (de) 2021-06-21 2021-06-21 Pyrotechnischer Stromtrenner

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022266684A1 true WO2022266684A1 (fr) 2022-12-29

Family

ID=82458661

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT2022/060208 WO2022266684A1 (fr) 2021-06-21 2022-06-21 Disjoncteur pyrotechnique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AT (1) AT524938B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE112022000060A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022266684A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3103131A2 (fr) 2014-02-04 2016-12-14 Autoliv Development AB Coupe-circuit pyrotechnique
US10622176B2 (en) 2017-10-11 2020-04-14 Key Safety Systems, Inc. High voltage electric line cutter device
DE112019002818T5 (de) * 2018-06-04 2021-02-18 Pacific Engineering Corporation Elektrischer Stromkreisunterbrecher

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010035684A1 (de) * 2010-08-27 2012-03-01 Auto-Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh Elektrische Trennvorrichtung sowie Verfahren zum elektrischen Trennen von Anschlussteilen mit Hilfe einer Trennvorrichtung
AT517872B1 (de) * 2015-10-19 2017-08-15 Hirtenberger Automotive Safety Gmbh & Co Kg Pyrotechnische Trennvorrichtung

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3103131A2 (fr) 2014-02-04 2016-12-14 Autoliv Development AB Coupe-circuit pyrotechnique
US10622176B2 (en) 2017-10-11 2020-04-14 Key Safety Systems, Inc. High voltage electric line cutter device
DE112019002818T5 (de) * 2018-06-04 2021-02-18 Pacific Engineering Corporation Elektrischer Stromkreisunterbrecher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT524938A4 (de) 2022-11-15
AT524938B1 (de) 2022-11-15
DE112022000060A5 (de) 2023-03-16

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