WO2022264877A1 - 車両用動力装置および発電機付き車輪用軸受装置 - Google Patents
車両用動力装置および発電機付き車輪用軸受装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022264877A1 WO2022264877A1 PCT/JP2022/022914 JP2022022914W WO2022264877A1 WO 2022264877 A1 WO2022264877 A1 WO 2022264877A1 JP 2022022914 W JP2022022914 W JP 2022022914W WO 2022264877 A1 WO2022264877 A1 WO 2022264877A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ring
- peripheral surface
- outer ring
- fixed
- rotor
- Prior art date
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
- B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
- B60B35/14—Torque-transmitting axles composite or split, e.g. half- axles; Couplings between axle parts or sections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
- F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
- H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle power unit and a generator-equipped wheel bearing device installed in a vehicle such as an automobile.
- a vehicle power unit that incorporates an electric motor inside the wheel is a device that integrates the wheel bearings that support the wheels and the electric motor that drives and regenerates the wheels. It has many advantages such as stabilization of posture by control, and demand is expected in the future along with the electrification of automobiles.
- the wheel bearing device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is small in size and can be arranged on the inner diameter side of the outer circumference of the brake rotor, so that it can be easily replaced from the current wheel bearing.
- the conventional vehicle power unit shown in FIG. 10 includes a wheel bearing 50 and an electric motor 51, which are housed inside the brake sliding portion of the brake rotor 52.
- the stator core of the electric motor 51 is fixed to the suspension device 53 via the outer ring of the wheel bearing 50 and the stator fixing member 54 of the electric motor 51 .
- the stator core is wound with a coil for passing current and generating magnetic force.
- a rotor case 56 integrated with the rotor of the electric motor 51 is attached to the hub flange 55 of the wheel bearing 50 and rotates around the stator core.
- An electric motor 51 integrated with the wheel bearing 50 performs driving and regeneration according to the running state of the vehicle.
- the stator core is fixed by shrink-fitting the stator core to the stator fixing member 54 , and press-fitting or bonding the stator fixing member 54 to the outer diameter portion of the outer ring of the wheel bearing 50 .
- the inner diameter of the stator fixing member 54 is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer ring, and a force is generated to reduce the diameter of the outer ring.
- the diameter-reducing force of the press fitting acts directly on the raceway surface. .
- the outer diameter of the outer ring and the inner diameter of the stator fixing member 54 are in contact with each other without a gap, regardless of whether they are press-fitted or adhered. For this reason, heat generation (copper loss) due to current flowing through the coils during operation of the electric motor 51 and heat generation (iron loss) due to changes in the magnetic flux inside the stator core due to rotation flow from the stator core to the inside of the bearing through the stator fixing member 54 and the outer ring. It transfers heat and raises the temperature of the wheel bearing 50 . This temperature rise of the wheel bearing 50 may lead to early failure of the grease inside the wheel bearing and the retainer that retains the rolling elements, resulting in reduced reliability. In the case of adhesion, the heat generated by the electric motor 51 deteriorates the adhesive over time, and there is a possibility that the deterioration of the adhesive strength may cause vibrations and abnormalities.
- an object of the present invention to easily fix the inner peripheral surface of an electric motor facing the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, suppress deformation of the bearing due to fixation of the electric motor, and reduce copper loss and
- Another object of the present invention is to easily fix the inner peripheral surface of the generator facing the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, suppress the deformation of the bearing shape due to fixing of the generator, and prevent the deformation of the generator.
- a power unit for a vehicle has a fixed wheel and a rotating wheel rotatably supported by the fixed wheel via rolling elements, and a vehicle wheel is attached to a hub flange provided on the rotating wheel.
- a bearing for A power plant for a vehicle comprising: an electric motor having a stator attached to the fixed wheel and a rotor attached to the rotating wheel, A brake rotor is attached to the hub flange together with the wheel, and the entire vehicle power unit has a smaller diameter than an outer peripheral portion of the brake rotor to which the brake caliper is pressed,
- the stator or rotor positioned radially inward in the electric motor is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, which is the fixed ring or the rotating ring, by press fitting, and the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring faces the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring.
- An annular recess is provided on one or both of the inner peripheral surfaces of the electric motor to which the motor is fixed.
- the entire vehicle power unit has a smaller diameter than the outer peripheral portion of the brake rotor to which the brake caliper is pressed, a space for installing the electric motor is secured in the brake rotor and the electric motor is installed. It can be stored compactly.
- a stator or rotor positioned radially inward in the electric motor is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring by press fitting. It is possible to prevent the shape of the raceway surface from being deformed and the occurrence of excessive preload. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the cause of vibration and early failure due to indentation. Therefore, the inner peripheral surface of the electric motor can be easily fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring without strictly controlling the dimensional tolerance of each part.
- the wheel bearing is a double-row angular contact ball bearing, and is axially outside the axial range from the groove bottom position of one raceway surface to the groove bottom position of the other raceway surface of the outer ring.
- a contact portion between the peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring may be provided. In this case, it is possible to reduce the radial overlap portion between the inner peripheral surface of the electric motor and the raceway surface of the outer ring, thereby more reliably preventing the shape of the raceway surface from being deformed and excessive preload.
- Either one or both of the electric motor and the outer ring may be provided with a communication hole that communicates the annular recess with the outside. In this case, since the air in the annular recess is released to the outside through the communication hole, it is possible to prevent the position of the inner peripheral surface of the electric motor from deviating from the predetermined position on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring.
- the wheel bearing is a double-row angular contact ball bearing, and in a cross section of the angular contact ball bearing taken along a plane including the bearing axial direction, the contact angle of each of the double-row angular contact ball bearings is that of the outer ring.
- a contact portion between the inner peripheral surface of the electric motor and the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring may be provided between two points that intersect with the outer peripheral surface. In this case, the contact points where the rolling elements and the raceway surfaces of the outer ring come into contact with each other and the abutting portions can be prevented from overlapping in the radial direction. be able to.
- the fixed ring may be an inner ring
- the rotating ring may be a rotating outer ring of the outer ring
- the rotor may be fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring.
- the stator is attached to the inner ring via a bracket, and a rotation detector is provided for detecting the rotation angle or rotation speed of the outer ring with respect to the inner ring. It may have a detection part and a sensor part that is fixed to the bracket and detects the detected part. In this case, even if a circumferential shift, that is, a so-called phase shift occurs between the fixed parts, the phase shift between the electric motor and the rotation detector can be suppressed. Thereby, the control of the electric motor or the control of the vehicle can be continued, and the safety can be improved.
- the fixed ring may be the outer ring
- the rotating ring may be the inner ring rotating of the inner ring
- the stator may be fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring.
- a generator-equipped wheel bearing device of the present invention has a fixed ring and a rotating ring rotatably supported by the fixed ring via rolling elements. a mounted wheel bearing;
- a generator-equipped wheel bearing device comprising a generator having a stator attached to the fixed ring and a rotor attached to the rotating ring,
- a brake rotor is attached to the hub flange together with the wheel, and the entire bearing device for a wheel with a generator has a smaller diameter than an outer peripheral portion of the brake rotor, which is a portion against which the brake caliper is pressed,
- the stator or the rotor positioned radially inward in the generator is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, which is the fixed ring or the rotating ring, by press-fitting.
- An annular recess is provided on one or both of the inner peripheral surfaces of the generators that face and are fixed.
- the entire bearing device for a wheel with a generator has a smaller diameter than the outer peripheral portion of the brake rotor against which the brake caliper is pressed, a space for installing the generator can be secured within the brake rotor.
- This generator can be stored compactly.
- a stator or rotor positioned radially inward of the generator is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring by press-fitting. It is possible to prevent deformation of the raceway surface and excessive preload due to press fitting. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the cause of vibration and early failure due to indentation. Therefore, the inner peripheral surface of the generator can be easily fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring without strictly controlling the dimensional tolerance of each part.
- the annular recess is provided, the heat generated by the copper loss and iron loss generated in the generator is less likely to be transferred to the bearing part of the wheel bearing, and the heat is transferred from the inboard side of the outer ring to the suspension system of a vehicle, for example. transmitted to As a result, an early failure of grease or the like inside the bearing can be prevented, and higher reliability than before can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle power plant according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle power plant according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle power plant according to a third embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle power plant according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle power plant according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle power plant according to a third embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle power plant according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle power plant according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle power plant according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a modified example of the small-diameter portion of the stator fixing member or rotor core in the vehicle power plant of the present invention
- It is a partial expanded sectional view of the modification of the same small diameter part.
- 1 is a cross-sectional view of an outer rotor type vehicular power unit employing an inner ring rotation system according to the present invention
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an inner rotor type vehicular power unit employing an outer ring rotation system according to the present invention
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing a first modification of the contact portion between the inner peripheral surface of the electric motor and the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring in the vehicle power unit of the present invention
- It is a partial expanded sectional view showing the 2nd modification of the same contact part.
- It is a partial expanded sectional view showing the 3rd modification of the same contact part.
- It is a partial expanded sectional view showing the 4th modification of the same contact part.
- It is a partial expanded sectional view showing the 5th modification of the same contact part.
- 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional power plant for a vehicle;
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle power unit taken along a plane including the bearing axial direction. The same applies to other embodiments described later.
- this vehicle power plant 1 includes a wheel bearing 2 and an electric motor 3 that is a generator that also serves as an electric motor.
- the generator-equipped wheel bearing device includes the generator and the wheel bearing 2 .
- the part enclosed by the two-dot chain line of a figure is expanded and shown.
- the wheel bearing 2 has an outer ring 4 that is a fixed ring, double-row rolling elements 6 , an inner ring 5 that is a rotating ring, and a retainer (not shown) that holds the rolling elements 6 .
- the rolling elements 6 consist of steel balls.
- Grease is sealed inside the bearing, which is a bearing space between the outer ring 4 and the inner ring 5 .
- the outer ring 4 has a cylindrical portion 4b and a vehicle body mounting flange 4a projecting radially outward from the inboard side end of the cylindrical portion 4b.
- Double-row raceway surfaces 4c, 4c on which the double-row rolling elements 6 roll are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 4b.
- the vehicle body mounting flange 4a is fixed to a suspension device 8 of the vehicle body with a plurality of bolts 9. As shown in FIG.
- the inner ring 5 has a hub ring 5a and a partial inner ring 5b.
- the hub wheel 5a has an outboard-side raceway surface on its outer peripheral surface, and has a hub flange 7 at a location that protrudes further toward the outboard side in the axial direction than the outer ring 4.
- the partial inner ring 5b is fitted to the inboard side outer peripheral surface of the hub wheel 5a, and has an inboard side raceway surface on the outer peripheral surface of the partial inner ring 5b.
- a brake rotor 12 and a wheel rim are attached to the side surface of the hub flange 7 on the outboard side by hub bolts 13 so as to overlap each other in the axial direction.
- a tire (not shown) is attached to the outer circumference of the rim.
- the side that is closer to the outside in the vehicle width direction of the vehicle is called the outboard side
- the side that is closer to the center of the vehicle in the vehicle width direction is called the board side.
- the brake is a friction brake comprising a disk-shaped brake rotor 12 and a brake caliper (not shown).
- the brake rotor 12 has a flat portion 12a and an outer peripheral portion 12b.
- the flat plate-like portion 12 a is an annular flat plate-like member that overlaps the hub flange 7 .
- the outer peripheral portion 12b includes a cylindrical portion 12ba that extends cylindrically toward the inboard side from the outer peripheral edge portion of the flat plate portion 12a, and a flat plate portion 12bb that extends in a flat plate shape from the inboard side end of the cylindrical portion 12ba toward the outer diameter side.
- the brake caliper has friction pads (not shown) attached to the suspension device 8 and sandwiching the plate portion 12bb.
- the brake caliper may be of a hydraulic or mechanical type, or may be of an electric motor type.
- the electric motor 3 of this example is a motor-generator for assisting traveling, which generates power by rotating the wheels and can rotate the wheels by being supplied with power.
- the electric motor 3 has a stator 18 and a rotor 19 radially facing the stator 18 .
- This electric motor 3 is of an outer rotor type in which the rotor 19 is positioned radially outward of the stator 18 .
- the electric motor 3 is of a direct drive type in which the rotor 19 is attached to the hub flange 7 via the rotor case 14 .
- the stator 18 and rotor 19 are all smaller in diameter than the outer peripheral portion 12 b of the brake rotor 12 . Therefore, the entire vehicle power plant 1 has a smaller diameter than the outer peripheral portion 12b of the brake rotor 12 against which the brake caliper is pressed. Further, the electric motor 3 is installed in an axial range L1 between the hub flange 7 and the outboard side surface 8a of the knuckle 8. As shown in FIG.
- the electric motor 3 is, for example, a surface magnet type permanent magnet motor, that is, an SPM (Surface Permanent Magnet) synchronous motor (or SPMSM (Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor)).
- the electric motor 3 may be an IPM (Interior Permanent Magnet) synchronous motor (or IPMSM (Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor)). Alternatively, the electric motor 3 may be a switched reluctance motor. In each motor type, each type of distributed winding and concentrated winding can be adopted as the winding type of the stator 18 .
- IPM Interior Permanent Magnet
- IPMSM Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
- the rotor case 14 has a bottomed cylindrical shape concentric with the inner ring 5, and includes a flat plate-like annular case bottom portion 14a and a case cylindrical portion 14b cylindrically extending from the outer peripheral edge portion of the case bottom portion 14a toward the inboard side. and The case bottom portion 14a and the case cylindrical portion 14b are formed integrally or separately.
- the case bottom portion 14 a is sandwiched between the flat portion 12 a of the brake rotor 12 and the hub flange 7 . It is also possible to omit the case bottom portion 14a and configure the rotor case with the hub flange 7 and the cylindrical portion 14b.
- a small-diameter portion, a medium-diameter portion, and a large-diameter portion are provided in order from the outboard side to the inboard side on the inner peripheral surface of the case cylindrical portion 14b.
- the rotor 19 includes a cylindrical rotor core 19a fixed to the medium diameter portion of the case cylindrical portion 14b, and a plurality of permanent magnets provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 19a. The plurality of permanent magnets are provided at regular intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the rotor 19 is axially positioned with respect to the rotor case 14 by abutting the outboard side end of the rotor 19 on the stepped portion connecting the small diameter portion and the medium diameter portion of the case cylindrical portion 14b. .
- the rotor core 19a is attached to the hub flange 7 through the rotor case 14 and rotates integrally with the hub flange 7, but the rotor core may also serve as the rotor case.
- the number of parts can be reduced compared to the configuration in which the rotor core 19a is separate from the rotor case 14, and cost reduction can be expected.
- the rotor case in this case consists, for example, of a soft magnetic material.
- the rotor case may be manufactured from a single piece of metal by cutting, casting, or the like, or may be manufactured from a plurality of divided structures and then fixed by welding, bonding, or the like, for example. good too.
- the stator 18 is positioned radially inward of the electric motor 3 .
- the stator 18 includes an annular stator core 18a, a stator coil 18b wound around teeth of the stator core 18a via an insulating member, and a stator fixing member 18c to which the stator core 18a is fixed.
- the insulating member is, for example, a resin bobbin that insulates between the stator coil 18b and the stator core 18a. Said bobbin is also called an insulator.
- the stator fixing member 18 c has a cylindrical shape and is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 4 b of the outer ring 4 .
- the inner peripheral surface of the stator fixing member 18c faces the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 and is fixed by press fitting.
- the stator fixing member 18c is made of steel or resin material, but in order to reduce the effect of thermal expansion on the press-fit portion of the outer ring 4, it is preferable to use medium-high carbon steel of the same quality as the outer ring 4.
- Examples of the medium-high carbon steel include JIS standard S53C, but the steel is not limited to S53C.
- a stator core 18a is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the stator fixing member 18c with an annular insulating layer 20 interposed therebetween. The stator core 18a and the insulating layer 20 are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the stator fixing member 18c by shrink fitting.
- the insulating layer 20 is an insulating layer that prevents electrolytic corrosion of the wheel bearing 2, and is made of, for example, an insulating soft material such as a resin material or a rubber material, or an insulating material such as ceramics.
- the insulating layer 20 has substantially the same width as the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 18a and is formed so as to cover the entire inner peripheral surface of the stator core 18a.
- the thickness of the insulating layer 20 in the radial direction is appropriately set according to the driving voltage of the electric motor 3 .
- Such an insulating layer 20 can prevent electric corrosion of the wheel bearing 2 by interrupting the electric conduction to the rolling elements 6 .
- the insulating layer 20 may be formed by coating or spraying an insulating material on the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 18a.
- An annular recess 21 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the stator fixing member 18c.
- a small-diameter portion 22, a large-diameter portion 23, and a small-diameter portion 22 are provided in order from the outboard side to the inboard side on the inner peripheral surface of the stator fixing member 18c.
- the small-diameter portions 22, 22 on both sides in the axial direction are set to have the same diameter, and the large-diameter portion 23 is formed larger than the small-diameter portions 22 by a predetermined dimension.
- the large-diameter portion 23 and the small-diameter portions 22, 22 on both sides in the axial direction are connected by stepped portions 24, 24, respectively.
- the annular recess 21 is composed of a large diameter portion 23 and stepped portions 24 , 24 .
- the small diameter portions 22, 22 on both sides in the axial direction are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 by press fitting.
- the small-diameter portions 22 , 22 on both sides in the axial direction correspond to “contact portions” between the inner peripheral surface of the electric motor 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 .
- the axial position of the small diameter portion 22 on the outboard side is in the axial range from the outboard side end face of the outer ring 4 to the center of the outboard side rolling element 6 (groove bottom position of the raceway surface 4c) P1.
- the axial position of the small diameter portion 22 on the inboard side is in the axial range on the inboard side of the center (groove bottom position of the raceway surface 4c) P2 of the rolling element 6 on the inboard side.
- the small-diameter portion is axially outside the axial range from the groove bottom position of the outboard side (one) raceway surface 4c of the outer ring 4 to the groove bottom position of the inboard side (other) raceway surface 4c. 22, 22 are provided.
- the mounting positions of the small diameter portions 22, 22 are arranged so as not to radially overlap the two contact points P3, P4 where the rolling elements 6 and the raceway surface 4c of the outer ring 4 contact each other.
- a seal member 25 is arranged between the inner peripheral surface of the case cylindrical portion 14b on the inboard side and the outer peripheral surface of the vehicle body mounting flange 4a to prevent water and foreign matter from entering the inside of the electric motor 3 and the wheel bearing 2. It is
- the vehicle power plant 1 is provided with a rotation detector 26 .
- This rotation detector 26 detects the rotation angle or rotation speed of the inner ring 5 with respect to the outer ring 4 in order to control the rotation of the electric motor 3 .
- the rotation detector 26 has a rotating side detected portion 26a and a non-rotating side sensor portion 26b that detects the detected portion 26a.
- a detected portion 26a is attached coaxially with the hub wheel 5a to a detected portion holding member 27 screwed to the inboard side end of the hub wheel 5a.
- a sensor portion 26 b is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 on the inboard side via a sensor fixing member 28 .
- a resolver for example, is applied as the rotation detector 26 .
- the rotation detector 26 is not limited to a resolver.
- an encoder, a pulser ring, a Hall sensor, or the like can be adopted regardless of the type, and one or more of each or a combination thereof may be mounted.
- a cap 29 is fixed to the inboard side end of the outer ring 4 to cover the inboard side end. This cap 29 prevents water from entering the rotation detector 26 and the bearing.
- a wheel speed sensor may be separately provided in the vehicle power plant 1 to detect the speed of the vehicle, but the rotation detector 26 can also serve as a wheel speed sensor.
- the inner peripheral surface of the electric motor 3 can be easily fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 without strictly controlling the dimensional tolerance of each part.
- the annular recess 21 is provided, the heat generated by the copper loss and iron loss generated in the electric motor 3 is less likely to be transferred to the bearing portion of the wheel bearing 2. is transmitted to the suspension device 8 of the As a result, an early failure of grease or the like inside the bearing can be prevented, and higher reliability than before can be obtained.
- the bearing on the outboard side receives a large proportion of the external force from the tire, and the opening on the outboard side of the outer ring is prone to deformation.
- one small-diameter portion 22 of the stator fixing member 18c is attached near the end surface of the outer ring 4 on the outboard side.
- the mounting position of the other small diameter portion 22 of the stator fixing member 18c is located on the inboard side of the outer ring 4, the heat generated by the stator 18 is less likely to be transferred to the bearing portion of the wheel bearing 2. 4 is directly transmitted to the suspension system 8 from the inboard side. As a result, early failure of the grease inside the bearing and the retainer can be prevented, and higher reliability than before can be obtained.
- stator fixing member 18c An example in which the axial position of the small diameter portion 22 of the stator fixing member 18c is arranged outside the axial direction range from the center P1 of the rolling element 6 on the outboard side to the center P2 of the rolling element 6 on the inboard side. is shown. If the stator fixing member 18c can be stably fixed by press-fitting to the outer ring 4, the axial position of the small-diameter portion 22 of the stator fixing member 18c should not overlap the groove of the raceway surface 4c. It becomes a more desirable form against excessive preload.
- a small diameter portion 22 may be provided in the axially central portion of the inner peripheral surface of the stator fixing member 18c. Specifically, two points P5 where the contact angles ⁇ , ⁇ of the double-row angular contact ball bearing intersect with the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 in a cross section obtained by cutting the double-row angular contact ball bearing along a plane including the axial direction of the bearing. , P6, a small diameter portion (contact portion) 22 is provided. According to this configuration, the contact points where the rolling elements 6 and the raceway surfaces 4c of the outer ring 4 come into contact with each other and the small-diameter portions 22 can be prevented from overlapping in the radial direction. can be prevented more reliably.
- FIG. 1 Inner ring rotation method, outer rotor type
- the portions 22, 22 may be fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 by press fitting.
- the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 is formed with a forged draft angle ⁇ that decreases in diameter toward the outboard side. This gradient ⁇ is the degree of inclination with respect to the cylindrical surface including the bearing axial direction.
- ⁇ is the degree of inclination with respect to the cylindrical surface including the bearing axial direction.
- the draft angle ⁇ is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4, the small diameter portion 22 on the outboard side (left side in FIG.
- stator fixing member 18c has a smaller diameter than the small diameter portion 22 on the inboard side. According to this configuration, only the portion of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 to which the small-diameter portions 22, 22 are fixed needs to be machined into a cylindrical shape. The number of processing man-hours can be reduced and the manufacturing cost can be reduced as compared with the embodiment.
- stator fixing member In a configuration in which small diameter portions are provided on both sides in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface of the stator fixing member, when the stator fixing member is press-fitted into the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring, the air in the large diameter portion of the stator fixing member does not escape, and the position of the stator core is misaligned. There may be a problem that it deviates from the predetermined position.
- the stator fixing member 18c may be provided with a communication hole 30 that communicates the annular recess 21 with the outside.
- the communication hole 30 in this example includes an axial hole 30a extending from the outboard side end of the stator fixing member 18c toward the inboard side by a predetermined distance, and a radial hole 30b communicating the axial hole 30a and the annular recess 21.
- the air in the annular recess 21 is released to the outside through the communication hole 30, so that the position of the inner peripheral surface of the electric motor 3 can be prevented from deviating from the predetermined position on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4.
- the communication hole 30 has the axial hole 30a and the radial hole 30b, the hole is easier to machine than, for example, a hole inclined with respect to the axial direction, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the communicating hole 30 is provided at one place in the circumferential direction, it may be provided at a plurality of places in the circumferential direction. Alternatively, it may be a communication hole that communicates between the annular recess 21 and the outside of the stator fixing member 18c on the inboard side.
- FIG. 5 shows the structure of the vehicle power plant 1 when the electric motor 3 is of the inner rotor type and the wheel bearing 2 is of the outer ring rotation type.
- This vehicle power unit 1 includes a wheel bearing 2 and an electric motor 3 .
- the wheel bearing 2 has an inner ring 5 that is a fixed ring, double-row rolling elements 6 , an outer ring 4 that is a rotating ring, and a retainer (not shown) that holds the rolling elements 6 .
- a hub flange 7 projecting radially outward from the outboard side portion of the outer ring 4 is provided.
- a brake rotor 12 and a wheel rim are attached to the side surface of the hub flange 7 on the outboard side with hub bolts 13 so as to overlap each other in the axial direction.
- the inner ring 5 has an inner ring main body 5A and a partial inner ring 5b.
- the outboard-side raceway surface of the wheel bearing 2 is provided on the outboard-side outer peripheral surface of the inner ring main body 5A, and the partial inner ring 5b is fitted and fixed to the inboard-side outer peripheral surface of the inner ring main body 5A.
- the inner ring main body 5A is provided with a protruding portion 5Aa that protrudes toward the inboard side from a position where the partial inner ring 5b is fitted and fixed.
- An involute spline groove 32 for stopping the rotation of a bracket 31, which will be described later, and a screw portion 33 for fixing are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the projecting portion 5Aa.
- the inboard side end surface of the partial inner ring 5b is brought into contact with the bracket 31, and the bracket 31 is fitted to the fitted portion 34 of the projecting portion 5Aa of the inner ring main body 5A. Furthermore, a fixing nut 35 is fastened to the threaded portion 33 . The fixing nut 35 tightens the threaded portion 33 with a torque value that generates a predetermined axial force in the bearing portion.
- a stator 18 is attached to the inner ring 5 via a bracket 31 .
- the bracket 31 is concentric with the inner ring 5 and has a bottomed cylindrical shape open to the outboard side.
- the bracket 31 has a plate-shaped and ring-shaped bracket bottom portion 31a that contacts the suspension device 8, and a bracket cylindrical portion 31b that cylindrically extends from the outer peripheral edge of the bracket bottom portion 31a toward the outboard side.
- a fitting portion 31aa with the wheel bearing 2 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the bracket bottom portion 31a.
- a plurality of screw holes are circumferentially formed in the bracket bottom portion 31a, and fixing bolts 36 inserted from the outboard side of the suspension device 8 are screwed into the screw holes.
- the bracket bottom portion 31 a is thereby attached to the suspension device 8 .
- Involute spline grooves 32 and 37 that are fitted to each other are formed in the fitted portion 34 of the inner ring main body 5A and the inner peripheral surface of the bracket bottom portion 31a. By fitting these involute spline grooves 32 and 37 to each other, it is possible to suppress the rotation of the inner ring 5, which is the fixed ring, and the vibration in the rotation direction.
- This electric motor 3 is an inner rotor type in which the rotor 19 is positioned radially inward of the stator 18 .
- the stator core 18a is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the bracket cylindrical portion 31b, and the rotor 19 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4.
- the rotor 19 includes a rotor core 19a fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 by press fitting, and a plurality of permanent magnets 19b provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 19a.
- the plurality of permanent magnets 19b are provided at regular intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the rotor core 19a is preferably made of medium-high carbon steel of the same quality as the outer ring 4 in order to reduce the effect of thermal expansion on the press-fit portion of the outer ring 4 .
- Examples of the medium-high carbon steel include JIS standard S53C, but the steel is not limited to S53C.
- An annular recess 21 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 19a.
- a small-diameter portion 22, a large-diameter portion 23, and a small-diameter portion 22 are provided in order from the outboard side to the inboard side on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 19a.
- the small-diameter portions 22, 22 on both sides in the axial direction are set to have the same diameter, and the large-diameter portion 23 is formed larger than the small-diameter portions 22 by a predetermined dimension.
- the large-diameter portion 23 and the small-diameter portions 22, 22 on both sides in the axial direction are connected by stepped portions 24, 24, respectively.
- the annular recess 21 is composed of a large diameter portion 23 and stepped portions 24 , 24 .
- the small diameter portions 22, 22 on both sides in the axial direction are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 by press fitting.
- the axial position of the small-diameter portion 22 is defined in the same manner as in the above-described first embodiment.
- a seal member 25 is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the bracket cylindrical portion 31b on the outboard side and the outer peripheral surface of the hub flange 7 of the outer ring 4, to prevent water and foreign matter from entering the inside of the electric motor 3 and the wheel bearing 2. are placed.
- the rotation detector 26 has a rotating detected portion 26a attached to the outboard end of the outer ring 4 via a cap 38, and a non-rotating sensor portion 26b for detecting the detected portion 26a.
- the detected portion 26 a is arranged coaxially with the outer ring 4 .
- the cap 38 is waterproof and prevents water from entering the rotation detector 26 and bearings.
- a sensor portion 26b is fixed via a sensor fixing member 28 to the outboard side end of the inner ring main body 5A.
- the inner ring main body 5A has an insertion hole through which the cable Cb extending from the sensor portion 26b of the rotation detector 26 is inserted.
- This vehicle power unit is provided with a wheel speed sensor 39 for detecting the speed of the vehicle.
- the wheel speed sensor 39 has a magnetic encoder ring 39a installed at the inboard side end of the outer ring 4, and a wheel speed sensor section (not shown) facing the magnetic encoder ring 39a with a predetermined gap therebetween.
- the wheel speed sensor portion is fixed to, for example, the partial inner ring 5b or the bracket bottom portion 31a.
- the rotation detector 26 can also serve as a wheel speed sensor.
- the axial position of the small-diameter portion 22 of the rotor core 19a is from the inboard-side end surface of the outer ring 3 to the center of the inboard-side rolling elements 6 (groove bottom position of the raceway surface 4c) P2. and the axial range on the outboard side of the center (groove bottom position of the raceway surface 4c) P1 of the rolling element 6 on the outboard side.
- the mounting positions of the small diameter portions 22, 22 of the rotor core 19a are arranged so as not to radially overlap the two contact points P3, P4 where the rolling elements 6 and the raceway surface 4c of the outer ring 4 contact each other.
- the bearing on the inboard side is also subject to external force from the tire, and the opening on the inboard side of the outer ring is likely to be deformed.
- one small-diameter portion 22 of the rotor core 19a is attached to the vicinity of the inboard-side end surface of the outer ring 4 .
- the rigidity of the inboard-side opening of the outer ring 4 is increased, deformation of the inboard-side raceway surface 4c is suppressed, and vibrations and abnormalities caused by external forces are avoided.
- the contact angle of each of the double-row angular contact ball bearings is shown in a cross section obtained by cutting the double-row angular contact ball bearings along a plane including the bearing axial direction.
- a small-diameter portion 22 of the rotor core 19a may be provided between two points P5 and P6 (see FIG. 2) where ⁇ and ⁇ intersect the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 . Even in this case, deformation of the raceway surface and excessive preload due to press-fitting do not occur, and the cause of vibration and early failure due to indentation can be avoided.
- the rotor core 19a extends further to the inboard side than the inboard side end of the outer ring 4 and the inboard side end of the partial inner ring 5b, and the inboard side end of the rotor core 19a is inserted into the annular groove 31ab.
- a portion to be detected 26a is attached to the inboard side portion of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 19a, and the portion to be detected 26a faces the sensor portion 26b with a predetermined radial gap therebetween.
- the wheel speed sensor 39 consists of a magnetic encoder ring 39a attached to the inboard side portion of the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 19a, and a wheel speed sensor attached to the bracket bottom portion 31a facing the magnetic encoder ring 39a with a predetermined gap therebetween. (not shown).
- the rotation detector 26 can also serve as a wheel speed sensor. Other than that, the configuration is the same as that of the fifth embodiment.
- the rotor core 19a is attached with the permanent magnet 19b of the rotor 19, the rotation-side detected portion 26a of the rotation detector 26, and the magnetic encoder ring 39a.
- the non-rotation side sensor portion 26b and the wheel speed sensor portion are attached. Therefore, in the unlikely event that slippage or the like occurs between the inner ring main body 5A and the partial inner ring 5b, between the rotor core 19a and the outer ring 4, or between the bracket 31 and the inner ring main body 5A due to external force, the fixed parts will not be fixed. Even if a circumferential shift, a so-called phase shift, occurs between them, no phase shift occurs between the electric motor 3, the rotation detector 26, and the wheel speed sensor 39. Therefore, the rotation detector 26 and the wheel speed sensor 39 do not malfunction, the control of the electric motor 3 or the vehicle can be continued, and the safety can be improved. In addition, the same effects as those of the fifth embodiment are obtained.
- the sixth embodiment in which both the rotation detector 26 and the wheel speed sensor 39 are out of phase, is the most effective in terms of controlling the electric motor. Safety can be enhanced simply by installing one of the sensors and ensuring that the phase of this one sensor does not shift.
- the small diameter portion 22 of the stator fixing member 18c or the rotor core 19a may be provided only on the inboard side as shown in FIG. 7A, or may be provided only on the outboard side as shown in FIG. 7B.
- the small-diameter portion 22 may be combined with the inboard side and the axial central portion, or the outboard side and the axial central portion. It can be appropriately selected and designed according to the heat generation of the stator, the external force from the tire, the space, and the like.
- annular recess 21 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 18a.
- a plurality of annular recesses 21 in this example are provided at predetermined intervals in the axial direction, but the present invention is not limited to this example.
- One or more small-diameter portions 22 may be provided on the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 18a. Although the axial intervals of the annular recesses 21 are provided at regular intervals, they may be uneven.
- a rotor core 19a fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 by press-fitting has an annular recess 21 formed in a predetermined axial direction on the inner peripheral surface of the rotor core 19a.
- a plurality of them may be provided at intervals.
- the axial intervals of the annular recesses 21 are provided at regular intervals, they may be uneven.
- the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 may be provided with large diameter portions 23, 23 that contact the rotor 19 or the stator 18 and a small diameter portion 22 that does not contact the rotor 19 or the stator 18.
- Large-diameter portions 23, 23 protruding radially outward are provided on the outboard side and the inboard side of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4, respectively.
- the annular recess 21 consists of a small diameter portion 22 and stepped portions 24 , 24 .
- the large-diameter portions 23 , 23 on both sides in the axial direction correspond to “contact portions” between the inner peripheral surface of the electric motor and the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 .
- a large diameter portion 23 may be provided in the axially central portion of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 .
- the large diameter portion 23 may be provided on the inboard side of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4, and as shown in FIG. may be
- a plurality of annular recesses 21 may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 at predetermined intervals in the axial direction.
- the electric motor may be the main drive source for running, not for assisting running.
- the generator-equipped wheel bearing device 1A may include a generator that does not use the electric motor 3 and the wheel bearing 2 .
- a vehicle system in which the generator-equipped wheel bearing device 1A is mounted has a function of generating power, but is configured not to rotate by power supply.
- This generator-equipped wheel bearing device 1A has the same configuration as the vehicle power unit 1 of each embodiment except for the electric motor.
- the inner ring rotation type vehicle power unit and the generator mounted wheel bearing according to the present application are provided with a hub ring fitted with one partial inner ring as a rotating ring, an outer ring being a fixed ring, and a hub ring and a partial inner ring.
- the third-generation structure is configured with a fitting body, it is not limited to this.
- a structure in which a hub having a hub flange and a member having raceway surfaces of rolling elements are combined constitutes a rotating ring in the claims.
- it may be a first generation structure comprising an outer ring that is primarily a stationary ring and an inner ring fitted to the outer peripheral surface of a hub having a hub flange.
- the combination of the hub and the inner ring corresponds to the "rotating ring" in the claims.
- a second-generation structure of an outer ring rotating type having an outer ring that is a rotating ring having a hub flange and an inner ring that is a fixed ring may be used.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1に示す車輪用軸受装置は、装置が小型で、ブレーキロータの外周部よりも内径側に配置できるため、現行の車輪用軸受からの置き換えが容易である。
図10に示す従来の車両用動力装置は、車輪用軸受50と電動機51とを備え、ブレーキロータ52のブレーキ摺動部よりも内周側に収められる。懸架装置53に、車輪用軸受50の外輪、電動機51のステータ固定部材54を介して、電動機51のステータコアが固定されている。ステータコアには、電流を流し磁力を発生させるためのコイルが巻かれている。一方、車輪用軸受50のハブフランジ55に、電動機51のロータと一体になったロータケース56が取付けられ、ステータコアの周りを回転する。この車輪用軸受50と一体化された電動機51によって車両の走行状態に合わせて、駆動および回生を行う。
本発明の他の目的は、外輪の外周面に対向する発電機の内周面を容易に外輪の外周面に固定でき、発電機の固定による軸受形状の崩れ等を抑え、発電機で発生する銅損および鉄損による発熱を軸受内部に伝え難い発電機付き車輪用軸受装置を提供することにある。
前記固定輪に取付けられたステータおよび前記回転輪に取付けられたロータを有する電動機と、を備えた車両用動力装置であって、
前記ハブフランジに、前記車輪と共にブレーキロータが取付けられ、前記車両用動力装置の全体が、前記ブレーキロータにおける、ブレーキキャリパが押し付けられる部分となる外周部よりも小径であり、
前記固定輪または前記回転輪である外輪の外周面に、前記電動機における半径方向内方に位置する前記ステータまたは前記ロータが圧入により固定され、前記外輪の外周面と、この外輪の外周面に対向し固定される前記電動機の内周面、のいずれか一方または両方に、環状の凹みが設けられている。
外輪の外周面に、電動機における半径方向内方に位置するステータまたはロータが圧入により固定されるが、外輪の外周面または電動機の内周面に環状の凹みが設けられているため、前記圧入による軌道面の形状の崩れおよび予圧過大が起こることを防止することが可能となる。このため、圧痕による振動および早期の異常の原因を回避することができる。よって、各部品の寸法公差を厳しく管理することなく、外輪の外周面に電動機の内周面を容易に固定することができる。また環状の凹みが設けられているため、電動機で発生する銅損および鉄損による発熱が、車輪用軸受の軸受部に伝熱する割合が減り、外輪のインボード側から例えば車両の懸架装置に伝わる。これにより、軸受内部のグリース等の早期の異常を防ぎ、従来よりも高い信頼性が得られる。
前記固定輪に取付けられたステータおよび前記回転輪に取付けられたロータを有する発電機と、を備えた発電機付き車輪用軸受装置であって、
前記ハブフランジに、前記車輪と共にブレーキロータが取付けられ、前記発電機付き車輪用軸受装置の全体が、前記ブレーキロータにおける、ブレーキキャリパが押し付けられる部分となる外周部よりも小径であり、
前記固定輪または前記回転輪である外輪の外周面に、前記発電機における半径方向内方に位置する前記ステータまたは前記ロータが圧入により固定され、前記外輪の外周面と、この外輪の外周面に対向し固定される前記発電機の内周面、のいずれか一方または両方に、環状の凹みが設けられている。
外輪の外周面に、発電機における半径方向内方に位置するステータまたはロータが圧入により固定されるが、外輪の外周面または発電機の内周面に環状の凹みが設けられているため、前記圧入による軌道面の形状の崩れおよび予圧過大が起こることを防止することが可能となる。このため、圧痕による振動および早期の異常の原因を回避することができる。よって、各部品の寸法公差を厳しく管理することなく、外輪の外周面に発電機の内周面を容易に固定することができる。また環状の凹みが設けられているため、発電機で発生する銅損および鉄損による発熱が、車輪用軸受の軸受部に伝熱する割合が減り、外輪のインボード側から例えば車両の懸架装置に伝わる。これにより、軸受内部のグリース等の早期の異常を防ぎ、従来よりも高い信頼性が得られる。
この発明の第1の実施形態に係る車両用動力装置を図1と共に説明する。図1は、この車両用動力装置を、軸受軸方向を含む平面で切断して見た断面である。後述する他の実施形態についても同様である。
図1に示すように、この車両用動力装置1は、車輪用軸受2と、電動機を兼用する発電機である電動機3とを備える。電動機を兼用しない発電機である場合、この発電機と車輪用軸受2とを備える発電機付き車輪用軸受装置となる。なお図の二点鎖線で囲まれた部分を拡大して示す。
車輪用軸受2は、固定輪である外輪4と、複列の転動体6と、回転輪である内輪5と、転動体6を保持する図示外の保持器とを有する。車輪用軸受2として、背面合わせの複列のアンギュラ玉軸受が適用される。転動体6は鋼球から成る。外輪4と内輪5との間の軸受空間である軸受内部には、グリースが封入されている。外輪4は、円筒部4bと、この円筒部4bのインボード側端から半径方向外方に突出する車体取付フランジ4aとを有する。円筒部4bの内周面には、複列の転動体6が転走する複列の軌道面4c,4cが形成されている。車体取付フランジ4aは、車体の懸架装置8に複数のボルト9で固定される。
ハブフランジ7のアウトボード側の側面には、ブレーキロータ12と図示外の車輪のリムとが軸方向に重なった状態で、ハブボルト13により取付けられている。前記リムの外周に図示外のタイヤが取付けられている。
なおこの明細書において、車両用動力装置1が車両に搭載された状態で車両の車幅方向の外側寄りとなる側をアウトボード側と呼び、車両の車幅方向の中央寄りとなる側をインボード側と呼ぶ。
ブレーキは、ディスク状のブレーキロータ12と、図示外のブレーキキャリパとを備える摩擦ブレーキである。ブレーキロータ12は、平板状部12aと、外周部12bとを有する。平板状部12aは、ハブフランジ7に重なる環状で且つ平板状の部材である。外周部12bは、平板状部12aの外周縁部からインボード側に円筒状に延びる円筒状部12baと、この円筒状部12baのインボード側端から外径側に平板状に延びる平板部12bbとを有する。前記ブレーキキャリパは、懸架装置8に取付けられ、前記平板部12bbを挟み付ける摩擦パッド(図示せず)を有する。前記ブレーキキャリパは、油圧式および機械式のいずれであってもよく、また電動モータ式であってもよい。
この例の電動機3は、車輪の回転で発電を行い、給電されることによって車輪を回転駆動可能な走行補助用の電動発電機である。電動機3は、ステータ18と、このステータ18に対し半径方向に対向して位置するロータ19とを有する。この電動機3は、ロータ19がステータ18の半径方向外方に位置するアウターロータ型である。また、電動機3は、ロータ19がロータケース14を介してハブフランジ7に取付けられたダイレクトドライブ形式である。
ロータ19は、ケース円筒状部14bの前記中径部に固定される円筒状のロータコア19aと、このロータコア19aの内周面に設けられる複数の永久磁石とを備える。前記複数の永久磁石は円周方向一定間隔おきに設けられる。ケース円筒状部14bのうち、前記小径部と前記中径部とを繋ぐ段差部に、ロータ19のアウトボード側端が当接することで、ロータケース14に対しロータ19が軸方向に位置決めされる。
ケース円筒状部14bのインボード側の内周面と、車体取付フランジ4aの外周面との間には、電動機3および車輪用軸受2内部への水および異物の侵入を防ぐシール部材25が配置されている。
この車両用動力装置1には、回転検出器26が設けられている。この回転検出器26は、電動機3の回転を制御するために、外輪4に対する内輪5の回転角度または回転速度を検出する。回転検出器26は、回転側の被検出部26aと、この被検出部26aを検出する非回転側のセンサ部26bとを有する。ハブ輪5aのインボード側端に螺合された被検出部保持部材27に、被検出部26aがハブ輪5aと同軸に取付けられている。外輪4のインボード側の内周面に、センサ固定部材28を介してセンサ部26bが固定されている。
別途、車両の速度を検出するために、この車両用動力装置1に車輪速センサを設けることもあるが、前記回転検出器26が、車輪速センサを兼ねることも可能である。
以上説明した車両用動力装置1によれば、車両用動力装置1の全体が、ブレーキロータ12における外周部12bよりも小径であるため、ブレーキロータ12内に電動機3を設置するスペースを確保してこの電動機3をコンパクトに収めることができる。外輪4の外周面にステータ18が圧入により固定されるが、ステータ固定部材18cの内周面に環状の凹み21が設けられているため、前記圧入による軌道面4cの形状の崩れおよび予圧過大が起こることを防止することが可能となる。このため、圧痕による振動および早期の異常の原因を回避することができる。よって、各部品の寸法公差を厳しく管理することなく、外輪4の外周面に電動機3の内周面を容易に固定することができる。また環状の凹み21が設けられているため、電動機3で発生する銅損および鉄損による発熱が、車輪用軸受2の軸受部に伝熱する割合が減り、外輪4のインボード側から例えば車両の懸架装置8に伝わる。これにより、軸受内部のグリース等の早期の異常を防ぎ、従来よりも高い信頼性が得られる。
以下の説明においては、各実施の形態で先行して説明している事項に対応している部分には同一の参照符号を付し、重複する説明を略する。構成の一部のみを説明している場合、構成の他の部分は、特に記載のない限り先行して説明している形態と同様とする。同一の構成から同一の作用効果を奏する。実施の各形態で具体的に説明している部分の組合せばかりではなく、特に組合せに支障が生じなければ、実施の形態同士を部分的に組合せることも可能である。
図2に示すように、ステータ固定部材18cの内周面における軸方向中央部に、小径部22が設けられていてもよい。具体的には、複列のアンギュラ玉軸受を軸受軸方向を含む平面で切断した断面で、前記複列のアンギュラ玉軸受のそれぞれの接触角α,αが外輪4の外周面と交わる二点P5,P6の間に、小径部(当接部)22が設けられている。
この構成によると、転動体6と外輪4の各軌道面4cが接触する接触点と、小径部22とが径方向で重ならないようにすることができ、軌道面4cの形状の崩れ、予圧過大をより確実に防止することができる。
図3に示すように、外輪4の外周面に鍛造の抜け勾配βが形成される場合に、ステータ固定部材18cの軸方向両側の小径部22,22が、外輪4の外周面に圧入により固定される構成であってもよい。外輪4の外周面には、アウトボード側に向かうに従って小径となる鍛造の抜け勾配βが形成されている。この勾配βは軸受軸方向を含む円筒面に対する傾きの度合いである。外輪4の外周面のうち、小径部22,22が固定される部分のみ平坦つまり円筒状に加工されている。外輪4の外周面に前記抜け勾配βが形成されている分、ステータ固定部材18cのアウトボード側(図3左側)の小径部22がインボード側の小径部22よりも小径となる。
この構成によると、外輪4の外周面のうち、小径部22,22が固定される部分のみ円筒状に加工すればよいため、外輪4の外周面の略全体を加工する第1,第2の実施形態等よりも加工工数の低減を図れ、製造コストの低減を図れる。
そこで、図4に示すように、ステータ固定部材18cに、環状の凹み21と外部とを連通する連通孔30が設けられていてもよい。この例の連通孔30は、ステータ固定部材18cのアウトボード側端からインボード側に所定距離延びる軸方向孔30aと、この軸方向孔30aと環状の凹み21とを連通する径方向孔30bとを有する。
図5に、電動機3がインナーロータ型で車輪用軸受2が外輪回転方式の場合の車両用動力装置1の構造を示す。この車両用動力装置1は、車輪用軸受2と電動機3とを備える。
<車輪用軸受2>
車輪用軸受2は、固定輪である内輪5と、複列の転動体6と、回転輪である外輪4と、転動体6を保持する図示外の保持器とを有する。外輪4のアウトボード側部分から外径側に突出するハブフランジ7が設けられている。このハブフランジ7のアウトボード側の側面に、ブレーキロータ12と図示外の車輪のリムとが軸方向に重なった状態で、ハブボルト13により取付けられている。
内輪5にブラケット31を介してステータ18が取付けられている。ブラケット31は、内輪5と同心でアウトボード側に開口した有底円筒形状である。ブラケット31は、懸架装置8と当接する平板状で且つ環状のブラケット底部31aと、このブラケット底部31aの外周縁部からアウトボード側に円筒状に延びるブラケット円筒状部31bとを有する。ブラケット底部31aの内周面に、車輪用軸受2との嵌合部31aaを有する。ブラケット底部31aには、複数のねじ孔が円周方向に形成され、懸架装置8のアウトボード側から挿通される固定ボルト36が前記ねじ孔に螺合される。これによりブラケット底部31aが懸架装置8に取付けられる。内輪本体5Aの被嵌合部34、およびブラケット底部31aの内周面には、互いに嵌合するインボリュートスプライン溝32,37が形成されている。これらインボリュートスプライン溝32,37が互いに嵌合することで、固定輪である内輪5の回転および回転方向への振動を抑制し得る。
この電動機3は、ロータ19がステータ18の半径方向内方に位置するインナーロータ型である。ブラケット円筒状部31bの内周面にステータコア18aが嵌合され、外輪4の外周面にロータ19が取付けられている。ロータ19は、外輪4の外周面に圧入により固定されるロータコア19aと、このロータコア19aの外周面に設けられる複数の永久磁石19bとを備える。前記複数の永久磁石19bは円周方向一定間隔おきに設けられる。ロータコア19aは、外輪4の圧入部への熱膨張の影響を小さくするには、外輪4と同質の中高炭素鋼を適用することが好ましい。前記中高炭素鋼として、例えば、JIS規格のS53C等が挙げられるがこのS53Cに限定されるものではない。
ブラケット円筒状部31bのアウトボード側の内周面と、外輪4のハブフランジ7の外周面との間には、電動機3および車輪用軸受2内部への水および異物の侵入を防ぐシール部材25が配置されている。
この回転検出器26は、外輪4のアウトボード側端にキャップ38を介して取付けられる回転側の被検出部26aと、この被検出部26aを検出する非回転側のセンサ部26bとを有する。被検出部26aは外輪4と同軸に配置されている。キャップ38は防水性があり、回転検出器26および軸受部への水の浸入を防止する。内輪本体5Aのアウトボード側端に、センサ固定部材28を介してセンサ部26bが固定されている。内輪本体5Aの内部には、この回転検出器26のセンサ部26bから延びるケーブルCbが挿通される挿通孔が形成され、この挿通孔を通るケーブルCbが外部へ取り出される。
この車両用動力装置には、車両の速度を検出する車輪速センサ39が設けられている。この車輪速センサ39は、外輪4のインボード側端に設置される磁気エンコーダリング39aと、この磁気エンコーダリング39aに所定のギャップを介して対向する車輪速センサ部(図示せず)とを有する。前記車輪速センサ部は、例えば、部分内輪5bまたはブラケット底部31a等に固定される。なお前記回転検出器26が、車輪速センサを兼ねることも可能である。
<回転検出器26>
図6に示すように、この車両用動力装置1では、回転検出器26は、ロータコア19aに取付けられた回転側の被検出部26aと、ブラケット31に固定されて前記被検出部26aを検出する非回転側のセンサ部26bとを有する。具体的には、ブラケット底部31aのアウトボード側端のうち、径方向中間部から軸方向に所定距離突出する環状の突出部40が設けられ、この環状の突出部40の内周面にセンサ部26bが取付けられている。またブラケット底部31aには、センサ部26b、被検出部26aおよびロータコア19aの各インボード側端が挿入される環状溝31abが形成されている。この環状溝31abは、ブラケット31に同心状である。
この車輪速センサ39は、ロータコア19aの内周面のインボード側部分に取付けられる磁気エンコーダリング39aと、ブラケット底部31aに取付けられ前記磁気エンコーダリング39aに所定のギャップを介して対向する車輪速センサ部(図示せず)とを有する。なお前記回転検出器26が、車輪速センサを兼ねることも可能である。その他、第5の実施形態と同様の構成となっている。
ステータ固定部材18cまたはロータコア19aの小径部22は、図7Aのようにインボード側のみに設けられていてもよく、図7Bのようにアウトボード側のみに設けられていてもよい。その他、小径部22は、図示しないが、インボード側と軸方向中央部、アウトボード側と軸方向中央部という組み合わせも可能である。ステータの発熱、またはタイヤからの外力、空間等の都合により適宜選択して設計し得る。
1A…発電機付き車輪用軸受装置
2…車輪用軸受
4…外輪
4c…軌道面
5…内輪
6…転動体
7…ハブフランジ
12…ブレーキロータ
12b…外周部
18…ステータ
19…ロータ
21…環状の凹み
22…小径部
23…大径部
26…回転検出器
26a…被検出部
26b…センサ部
30…連通孔
31…ブラケット
Claims (8)
- 固定輪およびこの固定輪に転動体を介して回転自在に支持された回転輪を有し、この回転輪に設けられたハブフランジに車両の車輪が取付けられる車輪用軸受と、
前記固定輪に取付けられたステータおよび前記回転輪に取付けられたロータを有する電動機と、を備えた車両用動力装置であって、
前記ハブフランジに、前記車輪と共にブレーキロータが取付けられ、前記車両用動力装置の全体が、前記ブレーキロータにおける、ブレーキキャリパが押し付けられる部分となる外周部よりも小径であり、
前記固定輪または前記回転輪である外輪の外周面に、前記電動機における半径方向内方に位置する前記ステータまたは前記ロータが圧入により固定され、前記外輪の外周面と、この外輪の外周面に対向し固定される前記電動機の内周面、のいずれか一方または両方に、環状の凹みが設けられた車両用動力装置。 - 請求項1に記載の車両用動力装置において、前記車輪用軸受は複列のアンギュラ玉軸受であり、前記外輪における一方の軌道面の溝底位置から他方の軌道面の溝底位置までの軸方向範囲よりも軸方向外側に、前記電動機の内周面と前記外輪の外周面との当接部が設けられている車両用動力装置。
- 請求項2に記載の車両用動力装置において、前記電動機および前記外輪のいずれか一方または両方に、前記環状の凹みと外部とを連通する連通孔が設けられている車両用動力装置。
- 請求項1に記載の車両用動力装置において、前記車輪用軸受は複列のアンギュラ玉軸受であり、このアンギュラ玉軸受を軸受軸方向を含む平面で切断して見た断面で、前記複列のアンギュラ玉軸受のそれぞれの接触角が前記外輪の外周面と交わる二点の間に、前記電動機の内周面と前記外輪の外周面との当接部が設けられている車両用動力装置。
- 請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の車両用動力装置において、前記車輪用軸受は、前記固定輪が内輪、前記回転輪が前記外輪の外輪回転であり、前記外輪の外周面に前記ロータが固定されている車両用動力装置。
- 請求項5に記載の車両用動力装置において、前記内輪にブラケットを介して前記ステータが取付けられ、前記内輪に対する前記外輪の回転角度または回転速度を検出する回転検出器を備え、この回転検出器は、前記ロータを構成するロータコアに取付けられた被検出部と、前記ブラケットに固定されて前記被検出部を検出するセンサ部とを有する車両用動力装置。
- 請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の車両用動力装置において、前記車輪用軸受は、前記固定輪が前記外輪、前記回転輪が内輪の内輪回転であり、前記外輪の外周面に前記ステータが固定されている車両用動力装置。
- 固定輪およびこの固定輪に転動体を介して回転自在に支持された回転輪を有し、この回転輪に設けられたハブフランジに車両の車輪が取付けられる車輪用軸受と、
前記固定輪に取付けられたステータおよび前記回転輪に取付けられたロータを有する発電機と、を備えた発電機付き車輪用軸受装置であって、
前記ハブフランジに、前記車輪と共にブレーキロータが取付けられ、前記発電機付き車輪用軸受装置の全体が、前記ブレーキロータにおける、ブレーキキャリパが押し付けられる部分となる外周部よりも小径であり、
前記固定輪または前記回転輪である外輪の外周面に、前記発電機における半径方向内方に位置する前記ステータまたは前記ロータが圧入により固定され、前記外輪の外周面と、この外輪の外周面に対向し固定される前記発電機の内周面、のいずれか一方または両方に、環状の凹みが設けられた発電機付き車輪用軸受装置。
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JP2001327120A (ja) * | 2000-05-15 | 2001-11-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | ディスク駆動装置 |
JP2006144810A (ja) * | 2004-11-16 | 2006-06-08 | Jtekt Corp | 玉軸受装置 |
WO2009113476A1 (ja) * | 2008-03-13 | 2009-09-17 | Ntn株式会社 | 外輪製造方法、複列アンギュラ軸受用外輪、複列アンギュラ軸受、及び車輪用軸受装置 |
JP2016100948A (ja) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-30 | 日東電工株式会社 | 駆動装置、通気部材 |
JP2018052482A (ja) | 2016-09-21 | 2018-04-05 | Ntn株式会社 | 補助動力装置付き車輪用軸受装置およびその補助動力装置 |
JP2019050712A (ja) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-03-28 | Ntn株式会社 | 車両用動力装置およびこの車両用動力装置を備えた車両 |
WO2019078216A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-25 | Ntn株式会社 | 車両用動力装置および発電機付き車輪用軸受装置 |
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