WO2022261880A1

WO2022261880A1 - Dielectric resonator, filter, multiplexer and base station

Info

Publication number: WO2022261880A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/100481
Authority: WO
Inventors: 黄瑞年; 吴大淼; 路标; 江涛; 唐亚年
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2021-06-17
Filing date: 2021-06-17
Publication date: 2022-12-22

Abstract

A dielectric resonator, a filter, a multiplexer and a base station. The dielectric resonator comprises an outer cladding body and at least one inner core body, wherein the inner core body is columnar and comprises two end walls, which are arranged opposite each other in an axial direction, and an outer peripheral wall for connecting the two end walls; the outer cladding body wraps the outer peripheral wall of the inner core body; and the dielectric constant of the inner core body is greater than the dielectric constant of the outer cladding body. The dielectric resonator can improve the quality factor (Q-value) and reduce the insertion loss.

Description

A dielectric resonator, filter, multiplexer and base station

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communication equipment, in particular to a dielectric resonator, a filter, a multiplexer and a base station.

Background technique

The dielectric resonator is used to form a dielectric filter, and the material used is a dielectric material. The internal loss and surface loss of the dielectric material are the main factors affecting the insertion loss.

Existing dielectric resonators are generally made of a single material, so that the insertion loss of the filter depends on the performance parameters of the single material. However, the room for improvement of the performance parameters of a single material is limited, which leads to an insignificant effect on the reduction of insertion loss.

Contents of the invention

Embodiments of the present application provide a dielectric resonator, a filter, a multiplexer, and a base station, which can reduce insertion loss.

The first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a dielectric resonator, which includes an outer casing and at least one inner core, wherein the inner core is columnar, includes two end walls opposite to each other in the axial direction, and connects the two ends. The outer peripheral wall of the wall, the outer cladding is wrapped on the outer peripheral wall of the inner core, and the outer peripheral wall can include one surface or multiple surfaces, which is specifically related to the structural shape of the inner core; the dielectric constant of the inner core Greater than the dielectric constant of the outer inclusion.

In this way, a layer of interface due to the change of dielectric constant can be formed between the inner core body and the outer shell body. The outer cladding makes the interface a strong reflection interface, which can trap the magnetic field entering the inner core, thereby greatly reducing the surface loss of the entire dielectric resonator, thereby achieving a technology that improves the Q value of the quality factor and reduces the insertion loss. Purpose.

Based on the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides the first implementation mode of the first aspect: in the axial direction of the inner core body, the two end walls of the outer casing can be in one-to-one correspondence with the axial direction of the inner core body The walls at both ends are even.

As mentioned above, the key to improving the Q value lies in the formation of a strong reflection interface. In this way, the two axial end walls of the inner core and the two axial end walls of the outer shell are controlled to be flush, which can maximize The size of the strongly reflective interface can be minimized, and the waste of materials can be effectively avoided.

In practice, after the assembly of the inner core body and the outer shell body is completed, processes such as grinding can be performed to ensure that the axial end walls of the two are flush. This kind of flushness requires a basic flushness, not absolute flushness. There may be a certain tolerance, and the tolerance range can be determined according to the specific use environment. Generally speaking, the tolerance can be controlled within ±( 0.01-0.02)mm between.

Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides the second implementation of the first aspect: the outer enclosure may not be a kind of material, at this time, the outer enclosure may include several parts The "several" here refers to a number of indefinite number, usually more than two; and each layer can be arranged in sequence along the direction away from the inner core, and the dielectric constant of each layer can be different. The farther away the bulk is, the lower the dielectric constant of the corresponding layer is.

With this scheme, not only a strong reflection interface can be formed between the inner core and the outer shell, but also a strong reflection interface can be formed between two adjacent layers, and each strong reflection interface can bind the magnetic field to reduce escape , so that the surface loss of the dielectric resonator can be reduced to a greater extent, so as to further improve the Q value and reduce the insertion loss.

Based on the first aspect, or an implementation manner of the first aspect, or the second implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides a third implementation manner of the first aspect: an inner core body and an outer casing The materials are all ceramics.

In fact, there are many kinds of materials used to form the inner core and the outer cladding, such as ceramics, glass, plastics, stones, crystals, gemstones, agate, etc., which can be selected in practice. Specifically in this embodiment, it is preferable to use ceramics. Compared with other materials, ceramics have stable performance and are relatively easy to obtain; and more importantly, the dielectric constant of ceramics can be made higher, which can fully meet the requirements of the implementation of this application. The requirements for the use of the dielectric resonator provided in the example.

Based on the third implementation of the first aspect, this embodiment of the present application also provides the first implementation of the third implementation of the first aspect: taking ceramics as an example, the dielectric resonator may include a first material part and the second material part, the dielectric constant of the first material part may be greater than that of the second material part, the second material part may be provided with a through hole, and during preparation, the first material part may be formed in the through hole by a co-firing process; The first material part and the second material part have adjacent parts. For the convenience of distinguishing description, the part adjacent to the first material part and the second material part can be referred to as the first adjacent part, the second material part and the The adjacent part of the first material part is called the second adjacent part. When co-firing, the first adjacent part and the second adjacent part can be co-fired to form a transition part. The material of the transition part is different from that of the first material part. and the second material part, the aforementioned inner core body actually refers to the remaining part of the first material part except the first adjacent part, and the aforementioned outer covering body refers to the rest of the second material part except the second adjacent part A combination of sections and transitions.

The co-firing process can better ensure the bonding of the first material part and the second material part, which can avoid the formation of air layer and the generation of internal stress, and can ensure the long-term use of the dielectric resonator stability and service life.

Based on the first implementation of the third implementation of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides the first implementation of the first implementation of the third implementation of the first aspect: the transition part can be The co-fired derivatives of the first adjacent part and the second adjacent part, that is, the reactants after the two are co-fired; or, it is also possible to add appropriate auxiliary additive materials when the first material part and the second material part are co-fired. When , the transition portion may be a co-fired derivative of the first adjoining portion, the second adjoining portion and the auxiliary additive material.

By adding appropriate auxiliary additive materials, the bonding effect between the first material part and the second material part can be better ensured during co-firing, and the dielectric constant of the transition part can be adjusted to better meet the use requirements.

Based on the first implementation of the first implementation of the third implementation of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides the first implementation of the first implementation of the third implementation of the first aspect The first embodiment of the method: the auxiliary additive material can be any one or more of polymer resin, plastic, glass, and ceramics.

Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, or the second implementation of the first aspect, or the third implementation of the first aspect, or each of the third implementation of the first aspect In any one of the implementation modes, the embodiment of the present application also provides a fourth implementation mode of the first aspect: there are multiple inner core bodies, and the axial directions of any two inner core bodies are perpendicular, and the multiple inner core bodies here are means two or more.

The dielectric resonator provided in the embodiment of the present application may be in a single-mode form, and in this case, the number of its inner core may be only one. In addition, the dielectric resonator can also be in a dual-mode form. At this time, the number of its inner cores can be two, and the two inner cores can be perpendicular to each other; or, the dielectric resonator can also be In the three-mode form, at this time, there may be three inner cores, and the three inner cores may be perpendicular to each other. The dielectric resonators in the double-mode and triple-mode forms expand the implementation scope of the dielectric resonators provided in the embodiments of the present application, so that the dielectric resonators provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied in more scenarios.

Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, or the second implementation of the first aspect, or the third implementation of the first aspect, or each of the third implementation of the first aspect Any one of the implementation modes, or the fourth implementation mode of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides the fifth implementation mode of the first aspect: the outer wall of the outer enclosure and the outer wall of the inner core are provided with surface metal layer.

The outer wall here refers to the exposed wall surface after the inner core body and the outer cladding body are assembled together. Setting a surface metal layer on these wall surfaces can greatly improve the surface characteristics of the dielectric resonator and can better reduce the surface loss of the dielectric resonator.

Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, or the second implementation of the first aspect, or the third implementation of the first aspect, or each of the third implementation of the first aspect Any one of the implementation modes, or the fourth implementation mode of the first aspect, or the fifth implementation mode of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides the sixth implementation mode of the first aspect: the inner core One end wall in the axial direction is provided with a groove-shaped tuning part.

The tuning part is a resonant cavity arranged in the inner core body, and the resonant frequency can be adjusted by adjusting the size (such as depth, diameter, etc.) of the resonant cavity. At the same time, the tuning part can also reduce the volume and weight of the dielectric resonator to a certain extent, so as to better meet the requirements of use.

The second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a filter, including at least one dielectric resonator according to any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect.

A third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a multiplexer, including at least one dielectric resonator involved in any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect.

A fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a base station, including at least one dielectric resonator involved in any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first specific implementation of a dielectric resonator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second specific implementation of the dielectric resonator provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third specific implementation of the dielectric resonator provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth specific implementation of the dielectric resonator provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific implementation of the filter provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numerals among Fig. 1-Fig. 5 are explained as follows:

1 outer cladding body, 11 transition part, 2 inner core body, 21 tuning part.

detailed description

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first specific implementation manner of a dielectric resonator provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present application provides a dielectric resonator, including an outer casing 1 and at least one inner core 2; wherein, the inner core 2 is columnar, and the columnar here may refer to a column, or Refers to other special-shaped columns, such as a column with a "convex" cross-section through the axial direction, a non-circular column with a cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction, etc. The non-circular shape can be triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal or Other special shapes, etc., in specific practice, those skilled in the art can set according to actual needs, as long as they can meet the use requirements. The columnar inner core 2 may include two end walls opposite to each other in the axial direction and an outer peripheral wall connecting the two end walls. The outer enclosure 1 may cover the outer peripheral wall of the inner core 2, and the outer peripheral wall may include a The surface may also include a plurality of surfaces, which is specifically related to the structural shape of the inner core body 2 . The dielectric constant of the inner core body 2 is greater than that of the outer casing 1 .

In this way, a layer of interface exists between the inner core body 2 and the outer casing body 1 due to the change of the dielectric constant. The radial inner side of the interface is the inner core body 2 with a relatively large dielectric constant, and the radial outer It is an outer shell 1 with a relatively small dielectric constant, so that the interface can become a strong reflection interface, which can confine the magnetic field entering the inner core 2 inside the inner core 2, thereby greatly reducing the surface loss of the entire dielectric resonator, Therefore, the technical purpose of improving the Q value of the quality factor and reducing the insertion loss is achieved.

In addition, since the dielectric resonator involved in the embodiment of the present application has a strong ability to bind energy, correspondingly, its magnetic field strength can also be relatively high. In the axial direction of the inner core body 2, the size of the entire dielectric resonator can be made smaller. It has been verified that, compared with a conventional dielectric resonator made of a single material, under the same magnetic field strength, the axial dimension of the dielectric resonator involved in this application can be reduced by about 10%, which not only can greatly reduce the volume, but also can be compared Significantly reduce weight.

Moreover, the size of the dielectric resonator is small, and its own loss will also be reduced, which is also of positive significance for the technical purpose of improving the quality factor Q value and reducing insertion loss.

It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the dielectric constant of the inner core body 2 and the outer casing 1 and the proportional relationship between the two. to set.

One axial end wall of the inner core body 2 is provided with a slot-shaped tuning portion 21 . The tuning part 21 is a resonant cavity disposed in the inner core 2, and the resonant frequency can be adjusted by adjusting the shape and size (such as depth, diameter, etc.) of the resonant cavity. It should be pointed out that the influence of the shape and size of the resonant cavity on the resonant frequency will not be described in detail here, and the prior art can be referred to for details.

At the same time, the tuning part 21 can also reduce the volume and weight of the dielectric resonator to a certain extent. As mentioned above, this also has a positive effect on the technical purpose of improving the quality factor Q value and reducing insertion loss. It should be understood that the arrangement of the tuning part 21 is also related to the processing accuracy of the dielectric resonator, and if the processing accuracy of the dielectric resonator is high enough, the tuning part 21 may not be provided actually.

In the axial direction of the inner core 2, the relationship between the two end walls of the outer enclosure 1 and the two end walls of the inner core 2 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, and the outer enclosure located on the same axial side The end wall of 1 and the end wall of the inner core body 2 may or may not be flush, which is an option that can be adopted in practice.

Preferably, the two end walls of the outer casing 1 in the axial direction of the inner core body 2 may be flush with the axial end walls of the inner core body 2 in one-to-one correspondence. In this way, the size of the strongly reflective interface between the outer casing 1 and the inner core 2 can be maximized, and material waste can be effectively avoided.

The method of controlling the levelness of the end walls may be related to the formation method of the dielectric resonator involved in the embodiment of the present application. If the inner core body 2 and the outer casing body 1 are fixed together by bonding, interference, etc., then The flush assembly of the end walls can be realized by controlling the machining accuracy and installation accuracy of the inner core body 2 and the outer casing body 1 .

Alternatively, after the assembly of the inner core body 2 and the outer casing body 1 is completed, post-treatment processes such as grinding can be used to ensure that the axial end walls of the two are flush. This post-processing process is not limited to the forming method of the dielectric resonator, that is, any forming method can be adopted.

It should be noted that the leveling mentioned in the embodiment of the present application requires a basic leveling, not an absolute leveling, which may have a certain tolerance, and the tolerance range can be determined according to the specific use environment, etc.; Generally speaking, the tolerance can be controlled within ±(0.01-0.02) mm, which can be better adapted to various use environments. Of course, the tolerance can also be controlled to other values, such as ±(0-0.03) mm, ±(0-0.04)mm, etc., may exist in practice. In other words, this tolerance range cannot actually be used as a limit to the implementation range of the dielectric resonator provided in the embodiment of the present application.

The outer casing 1 may be composed of a single material, or may be composed of multiple materials. When multiple materials are used, the outer casing 1 can include several layers, and "several" here refers to a plurality of indeterminate quantities, usually more than two; 2 in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction, the use of this radial direction does not mean that the inner core body 2 must be cylindrical), and the dielectric constant of each layer can be different, and the inner core body 2 direction, the dielectric constant of each layer can be gradually reduced.

With this scheme, not only a strong reflection interface can be formed between the inner core body 2 and the outer casing 1, but also a strong reflection interface can be formed between two adjacent layers, and each strong reflection interface can bind the magnetic field, thereby Reduce energy escape, so that the surface loss of the dielectric resonator can be reduced to a greater extent, so as to further improve the Q value and reduce the insertion loss.

Of course, even if there are multiple layers in the outer casing 1, only the dielectric constant of the layers adjacent to the inner core body 2 can be controlled, while the dielectric constants of other layers can not be limited, that is, as long as the inner core is guaranteed The formation of a strongly reflective interface between the body 2 and the outer casing 1 can meet the requirements of use. In this way, the processing technology of the dielectric resonator involved in the present application can be simplified.

In addition, the above-mentioned outsourcing body 1 is a multi-layer solution, and each layer is arranged in sequence along the radial direction. In fact, it can also be layered in the circumferential direction, or layered in the axial direction. These two solutions are also optional. scheme.

There are many kinds of materials used to form the inner core 2 and the outer cladding 1, such as ceramics, glass, plastic, stone, crystal, gemstone, agate, etc., all of which can be used in practice. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, ceramics are preferred. Compared with other materials, ceramics have stable performance and are relatively easy to obtain; more importantly, the dielectric constant of ceramics can be made relatively high, which can fully meet the requirements The usage requirements of the dielectric resonator provided in the embodiment of the application.

When the materials of the inner core body 2 and the outer body 1 are both ceramics, the dielectric resonator involved in this application can be formed by a co-firing process. Under such process conditions, the outer body 1 can naturally form a multi-layer structure.

Please refer to FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second specific implementation manner of a dielectric resonator provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

In detail, as shown in Figure 2, the dielectric resonator involved in the embodiment of the present application may include a first material part and a second material part, the dielectric constant of the first material part may be greater than that of the second material part, and the second material part may A through hole may be provided, and the first material portion may be formed in the through hole by a co-firing process during manufacture. Compared with assembly processes such as interference assembly and bonding and fixing, the use of co-firing process can better ensure the jointability of the first material part and the second material part, which can avoid the formation of air layer and better avoid The generation of internal stress can ensure the stability and service life of the dielectric resonator during long-term use. The specific steps and implementation conditions of the co-firing process are not described in detail or limited here.

When co-firing, the first material part and the second material part have adjacent parts, for the convenience of distinguishing description, the part adjacent to the first material part and the second material part can be called the first adjacent part 1. The part where the second material part is adjacent to the first material part is called the second adjacent part, and the first adjacent part and the second adjacent part can be co-fired to form a transition part 11, and the material of the transition part 11 is different from that of the first The material part and the second material part, the aforementioned inner core body 2 actually refers to the rest of the first material part except the first adjacent part, and the aforementioned outer casing 1 refers to the second material part except the second adjacent part. The combination of the rest of the part and the transition part 11, the rest of the second material part except the second adjacent part and the transition part 11 form the outer casing 1 with a two-layer structure.

The dielectric constant of the transition part 11 can be between the dielectric constant of the first material part and the dielectric constant of the second material part, or can be smaller than the second material part, which is specifically related to the materials used during co-firing. The strongly reflective interface between the inner core body 2 and the outer casing body 1 is actually formed between the transition portion 11 and the rest of the first material portion except the first adjacent portion.

The first material portion and the second material portion may be directly co-fired, that is, no other material may be added. In this case, the transition portion 11 may be a co-fired derivative of the first adjacent portion and the second adjacent portion. Or, when the first material portion and the second material portion are co-fired, some auxiliary additive materials can also be appropriately added. At this time, the transition portion 11 can be a joint of the first adjacent portion, the second adjacent portion, and the auxiliary additive material. burning derivatives.

By adding appropriate auxiliary additive materials, the bonding effect between the first material part and the second material part can be better ensured during co-firing, and the dielectric constant of the transition part 11 can be adjusted to better meet the requirements of use.

The types of the above-mentioned auxiliary additive materials are not limited here, and those skilled in the art can choose according to actual needs during specific implementation, as long as they can meet the requirements of use. For example, the above-mentioned auxiliary additive materials may be any one or more of polymer resin, plastic, glass, and ceramics; when there are more than one, the proportion of each auxiliary additive material is not limited here.

In the embodiment of the present application, the number of inner core body 2 may be one or more. When there is one, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the dielectric resonator is in a single-mode form; when there are multiple, the dielectric resonator can be in a multi-mode form, for details, refer to Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth specific embodiment of the dielectric resonator provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.

As shown in Figure 3, the dielectric resonator at this time is a dual-mode form, and the quantity of its inner core body 2 can be two, and these two inner core bodies 2 can be perpendicular, and the outer casing 1 can be connected with each inner core body The outer peripheral walls of the cores 2 are connected, and the two inner cores 2 may have connected parts. As shown in Figure 4, the dielectric resonator at this time is a three-mode form, and its inner core body 2 can be three, and the three inner core bodies 2 can be perpendicular to each other, and the outer cladding body 1 can be connected with the outer peripheral wall of each inner core body 2 connected, and the three inner cores 2 may also have connected parts. The dielectric resonators in the double-mode and triple-mode forms expand the implementation range of the dielectric resonators provided in the embodiments of the present application, so that the dielectric resonators provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied in more scenarios.

Further, both the outer wall of the outer casing 1 and the outer wall of the inner core 2 may be provided with a surface metal layer.

The outer wall here refers to the exposed wall surface after the inner core body 2 and the outer casing body 1 are assembled together. Setting a surface metal layer on these wall surfaces can greatly improve the surface characteristics of the dielectric resonator, and can better reduce the surface of the dielectric resonator. loss, which in turn can minimize insertion loss.

The material of the surface metal layer is not limited here, and it may be any one or more of silver, copper, chromium, palladium, nickel, nickel-copper, tin-copper alloy, tin-silver-copper alloy and other materials. Generally speaking, the surface metal layer can be silver. The higher the purity of silver, the smaller the insertion loss. However, considering the bonding force between silver paste and ceramics, some nickel, copper, titanium, etc. can also be added to the silver paste. elements to improve adhesion and meet reliability. The formation process of the surface metal layer may be electroplating or spraying.

It should be emphasized that the above embodiment of the present application only provides a dielectric resonator, but does not limit the application scenario of the dielectric resonator. In fact, the dielectric resonator provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to any In the application scenario of the resonator, in other words, the application scenario cannot actually limit the implementation scope of the dielectric resonator provided in the embodiment of the present application.

Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a specific implementation of the filter provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5 , an embodiment of the present application further provides a filter, including at least one dielectric resonator involved in the foregoing embodiments.

Since the above-mentioned dielectric resonator already has the above-mentioned technical effects, the filter having the dielectric resonator should also have similar technical effects, so details are not repeated here.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the filter is essentially formed by coupling a plurality of dielectric resonators, and the number of dielectric resonators and the positional relationship of each dielectric resonator are not limited here. During the preparation, several through holes can be provided on the outer shell 1, and then each inner core body 2 is fired simultaneously.

Further, an embodiment of the present application further provides a multiplexer, including at least one dielectric resonator involved in the foregoing embodiments.

The multiplexer may be a duplexer, a triplexer, a quadruplexer, and the like.

Further, an embodiment of the present application further provides a base station, including at least one dielectric resonator involved in the foregoing embodiments.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the application, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as For the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

A dielectric resonator, characterized in that it includes an outer casing and at least one inner core, the inner core is columnar, the outer casing covers the outer peripheral wall of the inner core, and the inner core The dielectric constant is greater than the dielectric constant of the outer inclusion.
The dielectric resonator according to claim 1, wherein the two axial end walls of the outer casing on the inner core body are in one-to-one correspondence with the axial end walls of the inner core body together.
The dielectric resonator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer enclosure includes several layers, and each layer is arranged in sequence along a direction away from the inner core, and the dielectric of each layer The dielectric constants of each layer are different, and the dielectric constant of each layer decreases gradually along the direction away from the inner core.
The dielectric resonator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the materials of the inner core body and the outer casing body are both ceramics.
The dielectric resonator according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a first material part and a second material part, the dielectric constant of the first material part is greater than that of the second material part, and the second material part is set having a through hole in which the first material portion is co-fired;

The first material portion includes a first adjoining portion, the second material portion includes a second adjoining portion, the first adjoining portion and the second adjoining portion are co-fired to form a transition portion, and the first material portion The remaining part except the first adjacent part forms the inner core body, and the remaining part of the second material part except the second adjacent part and the transition part form the outer covering body.
The dielectric resonator according to claim 5, wherein the transition portion is a co-fired derivative of the first adjacent portion and the second adjacent portion; or,

The transition portion is a co-fired derivative of the first adjoining portion, the second adjoining portion, and an auxiliary additive material.
The dielectric resonator according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary additive material is any one or more of polymer resin, plastic, glass, and ceramics.
The dielectric resonator according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein there are multiple inner cores, and any two inner cores have axial directions perpendicular to each other.
The dielectric resonator according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the outer wall of the outer enclosure and the outer wall of the inner core are both provided with a surface metal layer.
The dielectric resonator according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, one axial end wall of the inner core body is provided with a slot-shaped tuning portion.
A filter, characterized by comprising at least one dielectric resonator according to any one of claims 1-10.
A multiplexer, characterized by comprising at least one dielectric resonator according to any one of claims 1-10.
A base station, characterized by comprising at least one dielectric resonator according to any one of claims 1-10.