WO2023060438A1

WO2023060438A1 - Dielectric resonator, dielectric filter, radio frequency device, and base station

Info

Publication number: WO2023060438A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/123307
Authority: WO
Inventors: 乔冬春; 蒲国胜; 梁丹; 袁本贵
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2021-10-12
Filing date: 2021-10-12
Publication date: 2023-04-20

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of terminals, and in particular, to a dielectric resonator, a dielectric filter, a radio frequency device, and a base station. The dielectric filter comprises a cavity and a dielectric resonator. The dielectric resonator comprises a central portion, and a first end portion, a second end portion, a third end portion, and a fourth end portion extending from the central portion, wherein the first end portion, the second end portion, the third end portion, the fourth end portion, and the central portion together form a first surface. The first surface and a ground surface of the cavity are grounded. Moreover, two end portions opposite to each other in the dielectric resonator can each excite one resonant mode, and the central portion can excite one resonant mode. On this basis, the dielectric filter can decouple a plurality of resonant modes, and implement independent coupling and independent decoupling between one of the resonant modes and an external cavity, thereby simplifying coupling characteristics of the entire dielectric filter, simplifying a coupling path of resonant mode topology, reducing the difficulty of designing the dielectric filter, and promoting the practical applicability of a multimode dielectric filter.

Description

Dielectric resonators, dielectric filters, radio frequency devices and base stations

technical field

The present application relates to the field of terminals, in particular to a dielectric resonator, a dielectric filter, a radio frequency device and a base station.

Background technique

With the development of wireless communication technology, base stations in wireless communication are more and more densely distributed, and there are more and more channels of base stations, so the demand for miniaturization and integration of base stations is becoming stronger and stronger. As one of the core components of the base station and antenna feeder system, RF devices mainly include filters, duplexers, combiners, tower amplifiers, feeder units, power splitters, couplers, and antenna control units. Among them, the filter is responsible for filtering the transmitted and received signals, and is a key component of the radio frequency end. Therefore, as the demand for miniaturization of the base station increases, the demand for miniaturization of filters in the base station is also increasing.

At present, there are various filters on the market, among which the dielectric filter (Dielectric Filter, DF) is favored because of its smaller size. The dielectric filter is a filter formed by coupling between dielectric filters (Dielectric Resonator, DR). Dielectric filters can be made of ceramics whose dielectric constant is much higher than that of air, and are formed based on repeated total reflection of electromagnetic waves inside the medium. Therefore, the dielectric filter has the characteristics of miniaturization, high Q value, low insertion loss, and light weight, and is widely used in base station systems.

Contents of the invention

Based on this, the application provides a dielectric resonator, a dielectric filter, a radio frequency device and a base station, wherein the dielectric resonator is cross-shaped and grounded to the cavity, and the dielectric resonator can excite three resonance modes, wherein the dielectric resonator Wherein the two opposite ends can respectively excite a resonant mode, and the central part can excite a resonant mode. Therefore, the dielectric filter can decouple multiple resonant modes, and achieve independent coupling and independent decoupling of one of the resonant modes with the external cavity, avoiding the simultaneous coupling of the external cavity with multiple modes of the dielectric filter, The coupling characteristics of the entire dielectric filter are simplified, the coupling path in the resonant mode topology is simplified, the design difficulty of the dielectric resonator and the dielectric filter is reduced, and the practical applicability of the multimode dielectric filter is greatly promoted.

The first aspect of the present application provides a dielectric filter, which specifically includes a cavity, the cavity includes a ground plane; a dielectric resonator, the dielectric resonator includes a central part, and a first end and a second end protruding from the central part part, the third end part and the fourth end part; wherein, the first end part, the second end part, the third end part, the fourth end part and the central part jointly form the first surface, and the first surface and the grounding plane are grounded, The first end and the third end extend along a first straight line, the second end and the fourth end extend along a second straight line, and the included angle between the first straight line and the second straight line is a preset angle The dielectric resonator has a first resonant mode excited by the first end and the third end, a second resonant mode excited by the second end and the fourth end, and a third resonant mode excited by the central part. Wherein, the first straight line and the second straight line are perpendicular to each other, that is, the preset angle is 90°, and the angle between the first straight line and the second straight line is close to 90°, for example, the preset angle can be 87°, 88° ° or 89°, etc., the present application does not specifically limit. In some implementations, the first end portion, the second end portion, the third end portion, the fourth end portion and the central portion extend away from the ground plane along a direction perpendicular to the ground plane.

That is, in the implementation of the present application, the dielectric resonator is cross-shaped and grounded to the cavity, and the dielectric resonator can excite three resonant modes, wherein the two opposite ends of the dielectric resonator can respectively excite one resonant mode , a resonant mode can be excited at the center. For example, the first resonance mode is the HE+ mode. The HE+ mode refers to the wave mode that has both electric field components and magnetic field components in the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation. The second resonance mode is the HE-mode. The HE-mode refers to the wave mode that has both electric field components and magnetic field components in the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation, and the HE-mode and HE+ mode constitute a pair of degenerate modes. The third resonance mode is the TM mode. The TM mode refers to a resonant mode that has an electric field component but no magnetic field component in the direction of propagation.

The above-mentioned dielectric filter can realize the third mode, and the structural characteristics of the dielectric resonator are used to realize the three resonance modes of the dielectric filter. The dielectric resonator and the dielectric filter including the dielectric resonator occupy less space and have a high Q value. , which can effectively reduce the channel insertion loss. In addition, due to the specific structure of the dielectric resonance in the dielectric filter, the three resonance modes can independently adjust the coupling strength of any two resonance modes, that is, the above-mentioned dielectric filter can realize the coupling of any two resonance modes among the three resonance modes. Decoupling and coupling facilitate the adjustment of various parameters of the three-mode dielectric filter, reduce the difficulty of research and development of the three-mode dielectric filter, and expand the scope of application of the three-mode dielectric filter.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, at the first surface, the electric field direction of the first resonant mode, the electric field direction of the second resonant mode, and the electric field direction of the third resonant mode are all perpendicular to the first surface. On the surface opposite to the first surface in the device, the electric field direction of the first resonant mode, the electric field direction of the second resonant mode and the electric field direction of the third resonant mode are orthogonal to each other.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the dielectric filter further includes a coupling component, and the coupling component is used to adjust the coupling strength between any two of the first resonance mode, the second resonance mode, and the third resonance mode.

The above-mentioned dielectric filter adjusts the coupling strength between the first resonant mode, the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode through the coupling component to realize the first resonant mode, the first resonant mode and the first resonant mode in the dielectric filter The coupling strength between the two in the medium can realize the decoupling and coupling between the three. Based on this, the above-mentioned dielectric filter can independently adjust each resonance mode, and at the same time, can also effectively realize the coupling of the external cavity to one of the three resonance modes.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the coupling component includes a coupling groove, the coupling groove is opened on the side of the central part facing the ground plane, and the extending direction of the coupling groove is between the first end, the second end, the third Between the two adjacent ends of the end and the fourth end, it is used to adjust the coupling strength between the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode; the first partial sinking, the first partial sinking opens On the side of the first end facing the ground plane and/or on the side of the third end facing the ground plane, it is used to adjust the coupling strength between the first resonance mode and the third resonance mode; the second partial sinking, the second Two local sinks are provided on the side of the second end facing the ground plane and/or the side of the fourth end facing the ground plane, for adjusting the coupling strength between the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode.

That is, in the implementation of the present application, the dielectric filter reduces the overlapping area of the electric field of the first resonance mode and the electric field of the second resonance mode by setting the coupling slot, and adjusts the first resonance mode in the dielectric filter by adjusting the coupling slot. The coupling strength to the second resonant mode.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode is related to one or more of the following: the number of coupling slots; or the cross-sectional area of the coupling slots; or the The groove is deep. That is, the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter is adjusted by adjusting the number of coupling grooves, the cross-sectional area of the coupling grooves and the groove depth of the coupling grooves. Wherein, the groove depth of the coupling groove refers to the size of the coupling groove along the first direction, the first direction is the direction perpendicular to the first surface (or ground plane), and the cross-sectional area of the coupling groove refers to the dimension of the coupling groove and the groove depth direction. As for the area of the vertical cross-sectional area, the cross-sectional area of the coupling slot may also be the opening area of the coupling slot facing the ground plane.

In some possible implementations, the greater the number of coupling slots, the lower the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter, and the larger the cross-sectional area of the coupling slots, the second The lower the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode, and the larger the depth of the coupling groove, the lower the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter.

It can be understood that the location of the coupling groove, the shape of the coupling groove and the size of the coupling groove can be adjusted based on the overlapping area of the electric field of the first resonant mode and the electric field of the second resonant mode, any electric field that can adjust the first resonant mode The arrangement of the coupling slot in the area overlapping with the electric field of the second resonant mode is within the protection scope of the present application, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

In addition, that is, in the implementation of the present application, the dielectric filter adjusts the first area of the first surface region where the first end faces the first surface, and/or adjusts the third end that faces the first surface. The third area of the surface area is used to adjust the area of the overlapping area of the electric field corresponding to the first resonant mode and the electric field corresponding to the third resonant mode, thereby realizing the adjustment of the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first partial sinking is set on the side of the first end facing away from the central portion, and/or, the first partial sinking is set on the side of the third end facing away from the central portion One side; the second partial sinking is provided on the side of the second end portion facing away from the central portion, and/or, the second partial sinking is provided on the side of the fourth end portion facing away from the central portion.

In the above-mentioned dielectric filter, the first partial sinking and the second partial sinking are easy to process, reduce the difficulty of operation, facilitate the mass production of the dielectric resonator, and improve the economical efficiency of the dielectric resonator and the dielectric filter including the dielectric resonator. benefit.

It can be understood that the setting position of the first partial sinker, the shape of the first partial sinker and the size of the first partial sinker can be determined based on the overlapping area of the electric field of the first resonance mode and the electric field of the third resonance mode, Any arrangement of the first partial sinking that can adjust the overlapping area of the electric field of the first resonant mode and the electric field of the third resonant mode falls within the protection scope of the present application, and is not specifically limited in the present application. Similarly, the setting position of the second partial sinker, the shape of the second partial sinker and the size of the second partial sinker can be determined based on the overlapping area of the electric field of the second resonance mode and the electric field of the third resonance mode, where I won't go into details.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the coupling strength between the first resonance mode and the third resonance mode is related to the sinking area of the first local sink; the coupling between the second resonance mode and the third resonance mode The intensity is related to the subsidence area of the second partial subsidence. Wherein, the subsidence area of the first partial subsidence refers to the opening area of the first partial subsidence towards the grounding plane, and the subsidence area of the second partial subsidence refers to the opening area of the second partial subsidence towards the grounding plane.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the dielectric filter further includes a coupling bulge, the coupling bulge is formed on the wall of the cavity and protrudes toward the dielectric resonator, and the coupling bulge is used to adjust the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode The magnitude of adjustment of the coupling strength between two pairs in the third resonant mode.

That is, in the implementation of the present application, the electric field density of the first resonant mode, the electric field density of the second resonant mode, and the electric field density of the third resonant mode are adjusted through the coupling bump to adjust the electric field of the first resonant mode, the second resonant The electric field of the mode and the electric field of the third resonant mode overlap each other, and then change the adjustment range of the electric field of the first resonant mode, the electric field of the second resonant mode, and the coupling strength of the third resonant mode when adjusting the overlapping area of the unit, thereby increasing Adjustment range of various parameters of large dielectric resonator and dielectric filter.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the ground plane is a square, the first straight line is parallel to a diagonal line of the square, the second straight line is parallel to the other diagonal line of the square, and the wall surface includes four sides connected to the square. The first wall, the second wall, the third wall and the fourth wall, and the first end extends toward the first wall and the fourth wall, and the fourth end extends toward the third wall and the fourth wall, and the coupling drum includes: The first coupling bulge, the first coupling bulge is formed on the first wall, and protrudes toward the first end; the second coupling bulge, the second coupling bulge is formed on the fourth wall, and protrudes toward the first end; the third The coupling bulge, the third coupling bulge is formed on the fourth wall, and protrudes toward the fourth end; the fourth coupling bulge, the fourth coupling bulge is formed on the third wall, and protrudes toward the fourth end.

In the implementation of the present application, the electric field density of the first resonance mode and the density of the electric field of the third resonance mode are adjusted through the first coupling bump and the second coupling bump to adjust the electric field of the first resonance mode and the density of the third resonance mode. The energy of the overlapping area of the electric fields can further change the adjustment range of the coupling strength between the electric field of the first resonance mode and the coupling strength of the third resonance mode when adjusting the unit overlapping area. Specifically, when the electric field density of the first resonant mode and the electric field density of the third resonant mode are higher, the energy of the overlapping area of the electric field of the first resonant mode and the electric field of the third resonant mode is also higher, and the overlap of the same area is adjusted In the region, the electric field of the first resonant mode and the coupling strength of the third resonant mode change more. Furthermore, the coupling between the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode is made easier, that is, the adjustment range of the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode can be increased.

In addition, the electric field density of the second resonant mode and the electric field density of the third resonant mode are adjusted through the third coupling bulge and the fourth coupling bulge, so as to adjust the electric field of the second resonant mode and the energy of the electric field of the third resonant mode in the overlapping area, and then The adjustment range of the electric field of the second resonant mode and the coupling strength of the third resonant mode is changed when the unit overlapping area is adjusted. Specifically, when the electric field density of the second resonant mode and the electric field density of the third resonant mode are higher, the energy of the overlapping area of the electric field of the second resonant mode and the electric field of the third resonant mode is also higher, and the overlap of the same area is adjusted In the region, the electric field of the second resonant mode and the coupling strength of the third resonant mode change more. Furthermore, the coupling between the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode is made easier, that is, the adjustment range of the coupling strength between the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode can be increased.

In addition, the electric field density of the first resonance mode and the electric field density of the second resonance mode can be adjusted through the first coupling drum, the second coupling drum, the third coupling drum and the fourth coupling drum to adjust the first resonance The energy of the overlapping area of the electric field of the first resonance mode and the electric field of the second resonance mode changes the adjustment range of the coupling strength of the electric field of the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode when adjusting the overlapping area of the unit.

It can be understood that the configuration of the first coupling drum, the second coupling drum, the third coupling drum and the fourth coupling drum is not the only configuration, which is not specifically limited in this application.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the dielectric filter further includes a first coupling structure, one end of the first coupling structure extends to one side of the second end in the cavity, and extends parallel to the end face of the second end to It is connected to the ground plane, and the other end of the first coupling structure is connected to the first external cavity. For example, one end of the first coupling structure is the first coupling end, and the other end of the first coupling structure is the second coupling end, then the coupling strength between the second resonant mode and the first external cavity is equal to one or more of the following Related to: the dimension of the first coupling end along the first direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the first surface; or the distance between the first coupling end and the end surface of the second end.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the dielectric filter further includes a second coupling structure, one end of the second coupling structure extends into the cavity, and extends parallel to the ground plane on the side of the dielectric resonator facing away from the ground plane, The other end of the second coupling structure is connected to the second external cavity. For example, one end of the second coupling structure is the third coupling end, the other end of the second coupling structure is the fourth coupling end, and the coupling strength between the third resonance mode and the second external cavity is related to one or more of the following : the distance between the third coupled end and the dielectric resonator; or the area of the orthographic projection of the third coupled end on the ground plane.

In some possible implementation manners, the second coupling structure is a suspended flying rod, the suspended flying rod includes a metal plate, the metal plate is located below the center of the dielectric resonator, the end surface of the metal plate is parallel to the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator, and the suspended flying rod The other end of the floating end is used for the second external cavity coupling. Specifically, as the distance between the metal disk (the end surface of the metal disk) and the dielectric resonator (the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator) decreases, the coupling strength of the third resonant mode to the external cavity increases, and as the diameter of the metal disk becomes larger , the coupling strength of the third resonant mode to the external cavity is enhanced.

To sum up, in the above-mentioned dielectric filter, at the bottom of the dielectric resonator, the electric field components of the first resonant mode, the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode are mutually orthogonal. The best position for independent coupling of the cavity, by setting the first end of the second coupling structure at the bottom of the dielectric resonator, and the end surface of the third coupling part is parallel to the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator, and placing the fourth end of the second coupling structure The coupling end is set at the same level as the external cavity, which realizes the adjustment of the coupling strength between the third resonant mode and the external cavity, that is, realizes the coupling between the third resonant mode and the second external cavity through the second coupling structure and decoupling.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the resonant frequency of the first resonant mode is related to one or more of the following: the area of the first projected area of the first end on the ground plane; The area of the third projected area on the ground.

In some possible implementation manners, the width of the first end portion and the width of the third end portion are reduced by grinding or cutting, and the distance between the end surface of the first end portion and the end surface of the third end portion is reduced. distance, and then adjust the area of the first projected area of the first end portion on the ground plane, and the area of the third projected area of the third end portion on the ground plane. Wherein, the width of the first end portion is the dimension of the first end portion in a direction perpendicular to the first straight line. It can be understood that the widths of the other end portions are similar to the width of the first end portion, which will not be described one by one later. The end surface of the first end portion refers to the surface of the first end portion farthest from the third end portion. Similarly, the end surfaces of the other end portions are similar to the end surfaces of the first end portion, and will not be described here.

The method for adjusting the frequency of the second resonance mode of the dielectric resonator is simple and difficult to operate, which facilitates mass production and improves the economic benefits of the dielectric resonator and the dielectric filter including the dielectric resonator.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the surface of the first end and/or the third end facing the ground plane is provided with a first coupling hole, and the dielectric filter further includes a first tuning hole through which one end passes through the first coupling hole. structure. The first coupling hole increases the resonance frequency of the first resonance mode, and the first tuning structure in the first coupling hole can adjust the amplitude of the increase of the resonance frequency of the first resonance mode.

In some possible implementation manners, the resonance frequency of the first resonance mode is related to the dimension of the first tuning structure protruding into the first coupling hole along the height direction of the dielectric resonator. For example, the longer the dimension of the first tuning structure extending into the first coupling hole, the smaller the increase in the resonance frequency of the dielectric resonator before and after opening the hole in the first resonance mode. Wherein, the first tuning structure may be a tuning screw, and the dimension of the first tuning structure protruding into the first coupling hole refers to the dimension of the first tuning structure protruding into the first coupling hole in the first direction. Wherein the first coupling hole may be a through hole penetrating the dielectric resonator, the ground plane and the bottom plane.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the resonant frequency of the second resonant mode is related to one or more of the following: the area of the second projected area of the second end on the ground plane; The area of the fourth projected region on the ground. It can be understood that the adjustment manner of the resonant frequency of the second resonant mode is similar to that of the first resonant mode, which will not be repeated here.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the second end and/or the fourth end is provided with a second coupling hole, and the dielectric filter further includes a second tuning structure with one end penetrating into the second coupling hole. It can be understood that the adjustment manner of the resonant frequency of the second resonant mode is similar to that of the first resonant mode, which will not be repeated here.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the resonance frequency of the third resonance mode is related to the height of the dielectric resonator, where the height is a dimension of the dielectric resonator in a direction perpendicular to the first surface.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, recesses are formed between two adjacent ends among the first end, the second end, the third end and the fourth end, and the dielectric filter further A third tuning structure is included, and one end of the third tuning structure extends from the side of the dielectric resonator facing away from the first surface to the recess. Wherein, the resonant frequency of the third resonant mode is related to the dimension of the third tuning structure protruding into the recess along the height direction of the dielectric resonator.

The second aspect of the present application provides a dielectric filter, wherein the dielectric filter includes a plurality of cavities, wherein at least one cavity in the plurality of cavities is the same as the cavity in the above-mentioned dielectric filter, and the plurality of cavities The dielectric resonator in the above-mentioned dielectric filter is also arranged in at least one of the cavities.

A third aspect of the present application provides a radio frequency device, which includes any one of the dielectric filters in the first aspect and the second aspect above.

A fourth aspect of the present application provides a base station, and the base station includes any radio frequency device in the above third aspect.

A fifth aspect of the present application provides a dielectric resonator, the dielectric resonator includes a central part, and a first end, a second end, a third end and a fourth end protruding from the central part, the first end part, the second end part, the third end part, the fourth end part and the central part together form a first surface, the first surface is grounded with the ground plane, the first end part and the third end part extend along the first straight line, The second end and the fourth end extend along the second straight line, and the included angle between the first straight line and the second straight line is a preset angle; the dielectric resonator has excitations excited by the first end and the third end A first resonance mode, a second resonance mode excited by the second and fourth end portions, and a third resonance mode excited by the central portion.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 shows a dielectric filter 10' in some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 2(a) shows a schematic structural diagram of a base station in some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 2(b) shows a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency device 1 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 2 (c) shows the structural representation of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 3 (a) shows the explosion diagram of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 3 (b) shows the perspective view of cavity 100, first channel 800 and second channel 900 in the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 3 (c) shows the top view of the dielectric resonator 200 in the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 5(a) shows a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution corresponding to the first resonance mode of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 5(b) shows a schematic diagram of the distribution of the electric field corresponding to the first resonance mode in the dielectric resonator 200 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 5 (c) shows the top view of the first resonant mode frequency adjustment structure of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 5(d) shows a side view of the first resonance mode frequency adjustment structure of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 6(a) shows a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution corresponding to the second resonance mode of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 6(b) shows a schematic diagram of the distribution of the electric field corresponding to the second resonance mode in the dielectric resonator 200 in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 6(c) shows a top view of the second resonance mode frequency adjustment structure of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 6(d) shows a side view of the second resonance mode frequency adjustment structure of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 7(a) shows a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution corresponding to the third resonance mode of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 7(b) shows a schematic diagram of the distribution of the electric field corresponding to the third resonance mode in the dielectric resonator 200 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 7 (c) shows the top view of the third resonant mode frequency adjustment structure of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 7 (d) shows the side view of the third resonant mode frequency adjustment structure of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 8 (a) shows the distribution of the electric field corresponding to the first resonant mode, the electric field corresponding to the second resonant mode and the electric field corresponding to the third resonant mode in the dielectric resonator 200 in some embodiments of the present application schematic diagram;

Fig. 8 (b) shows the coupling schematic diagram of the first resonant mode, the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 9(a) shows a top view of an adjustment structure for adjusting the coupling strength of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 9(b) shows a perspective view of an adjustment structure for adjusting the coupling strength of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 10(a) shows a top view of an adjustment structure for adjusting the coupling strength of the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 10(b) shows a perspective view of an adjustment structure for adjusting the coupling strength of the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 11 shows a top view of an adjustment structure for adjusting the adjustment range of the coupling strength of the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 12(a) shows a top view of an adjustment structure for adjusting the coupling strength of the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 12(b) shows a perspective view of an adjustment structure for adjusting the coupling strength of the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 13 shows a top view of an adjustment structure for adjusting the adjustment range of the coupling strength of the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode in some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram of the coupling of the first resonant mode, the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 15 (a) shows the top view of the adjustment structure of the coupling strength of the external cavity and the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 15(b) shows a side view of the adjustment structure of the coupling strength of the external cavity and the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 15(c) shows a perspective view of the coupling structure structure of the coupling strength of the external cavity and the second resonance mode in the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 15(d) shows the topological diagram of the coupling of the external cavity and the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 16 (a) shows the top view of the adjustment structure of the coupling strength of the external cavity and the third resonance mode in the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 16(b) shows a side view of the adjustment structure of the coupling strength of the external cavity and the third resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 16(c) shows a perspective view of the coupling structure structure of the coupling strength of the external cavity and the third resonance mode in the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 16(d) shows the topological diagram of the coupling of the external cavity and the third resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 17 shows a topological diagram of the coupling of three resonance modes in the dielectric filter 10 and the external cavity in some embodiments of the present application.

Explanation of reference signs:

10'-dielectric filter;

100'-cavity; 200'-dielectric resonator; 300'-first coupling slot; 400'-second coupling slot; 500'-first coupling structure; 600'-second coupling structure;

10-dielectric filter;

100-cavity; 101-metal cover; 102-metal shell; 103-first coupling drum; 104-second coupling drum; 105-third coupling drum; 106-fourth coupling drum;

110-ground plane; 120-bottom surface; 130-wall surface;

200-dielectric resonator;

l ₁ - first straight line; l ₂ - second straight line;

210 - the first end;

220 - the second end;

230-the third end; 231-the first coupling hole;

240-the fourth end; 241-the second coupling hole;

250 - central part;

A ₀ - central surface area; A ₁ - first surface area; A ₂ - second surface area; A ₃ - third surface area; A ₄ - fourth surface area;

201-coupling slot;

202-first partial sinking; 203-second partial sinking;

300 - a first tuning structure;

400 - second tuning structure;

500 - a third tuning structure;

600-the first coupling structure; 610-the first coupling end; 611-the end face of the first coupling end; 620-the second coupling end;

700-second coupling structure; 710-third coupling end; 720-fourth coupling end;

700a-suspended flying rod; 710a-metal plate; 711-end face of metal plate; 720a-suspended end;

800-the first channel;

900 - the second channel;

R1 - first external cavity;

R2 - Second external cavity.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation manner of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Some of the terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are firstly explained below.

Resonators are the basic building blocks of filters in communication systems. A three-mode resonator refers to a resonator having three resonance modes, that is, the resonator can realize resonance at three frequencies.

Resonance is a phenomenon in which the amplitude of an oscillating system increases sharply when the frequency of the external force is the same or very close to the natural oscillation frequency of the system under the action of a periodic external force.

Q value, the quality factor of the filter, is expressed by the ratio of the center frequency F (unit: Hz) of the filter to the -3dB bandwidth B (unit: Hz), that is, Q=F/B. The Q value characterizes the ability of the filter to separate adjacent frequency components in the signal. The larger the Q value, the higher the resolving power of the filter.

Coupling, when two or more electric fields (or magnetic fields) form a network, if the strength of one of the electric fields (or magnetic fields) changes, it can affect other electric fields (or magnetic fields) to undergo similar changes. Coupling includes coupling between the three resonant modes and coupling of at least one resonant mode to the external cavity. Among them, the mutual energy exchange of the three resonance modes of the three-mode resonator can realize the expansion of the frequency resonance mode, that is, the stronger the coupling, the wider the bandwidth that can be realized.

The filter, the passive device in the communication radio frequency channel, is the radio frequency component connected to the antenna in the Remote Radio Unit (RRU). In the passband, the filter can pass the required frequency with low loss; outside the passband, the filter can attenuate the unwanted frequency components to avoid interference with other parts of the system.

The dielectric filter refers to a filter using a dielectric resonator. That is, the cavity of the filter is filled with a dielectric resonant block. Compared with other filters, the dielectric filter has a small size and a high Q value in the same frequency range.

Harmonics, additional resonant modes outside the main channel due to frequency doubling of resonators, resonance of adjacent resonant modes, etc., such as coupling between resonant modes and external cavities.

The dielectric filter including the dielectric resonator provided by the present application is described through specific embodiments, and the filter has three resonance modes. The dielectric filter can be applied to, but not limited to, the coupling realization scenario of a three-mode resonator, a double-mode resonator and a single-mode resonator in the filter.

Meanwhile, for the follow-up description, the X direction, Y direction and Z direction will be defined now, wherein, the X direction is the width direction when the dielectric filter 10 is placed normally, the Y direction is the length direction when the dielectric filter 10 is placed normally, and the Z direction is the direction when the dielectric filter 10 is placed normally. The direction is the height direction when the dielectric filter 10 is placed normally.

In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1 , a dielectric filter 10' having three resonance modes includes: a cuboid cavity 100', a cylindrical dielectric resonator 200', and a first coupling slot 300 ', the second coupling groove 400', the cross-shaped first coupling structure 500' and the cross-shaped second coupling structure 600'. Wherein, one end of the dielectric resonator 200' is connected to the cavity 100', and the other end is suspended. By adjusting the dimensions of the first coupling structure 500' and the second coupling structure 600', the coupling strength among the three resonance modes can be adjusted.

In the above-mentioned dielectric filter, due to the mutual coupling of the three resonance modes, the coupling scheme of the two resonance modes among the three resonance modes is relatively complicated, and the coupling of the other two resonance modes is controllable due to the interference of one resonance mode Poor, which in turn makes the design of the entire filter more difficult. At the same time, due to the crosstalk between the first coupling structure 500' and the second coupling structure 600', the out-of-band suppression of the base station is affected. Among them, the out-of-band suppression is the fading difference between the edge of the passband and the center point, that is, the out-of-band resistance or the attenuation speed to the out-of-band, which characterizes the degree of suppression of the signal outside the passband by the filter.

In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a dielectric resonator, a dielectric filter, a radio frequency device and a base station.

Fig. 2(a) shows a schematic structural diagram of a base station. Fig. 2(b) shows a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency device in some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2( a ), the base station includes a radio frequency device 1 , an antenna array 2 and a housing 3 . As shown in Figure 2(b), the radio frequency device 1 includes a dielectric filter 10, a duplexer 20, a combiner 30, a tower amplifier 40, a feed unit 50, a power divider 60, a coupler 70 and an antenna control unit 80 .

Fig. 2(c) shows a schematic perspective view of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2( c ), the dielectric filter 10 includes: a cavity 100 and a dielectric resonator 200 grounded to the inner surface of the cavity 100 . 3( c ), it can be known that the dielectric resonator 200 includes a central portion 250 and four end portions extending from the surface of the central portion 250 away from the central portion 250 , and the extending directions of the four end portions are cross-shaped. The dielectric filter 10 has a first resonant mode, a second resonant mode and a third resonant mode, wherein one resonant mode can be excited at two opposite ends and the other resonant mode can be excited at the center of the dielectric resonator 200 . In the embodiment of the present application, by adjusting the grounding area of the dielectric resonator 200 and the cavity 100, the area of the overlapping area of the electric field of at least two of the three resonance modes is adjusted, and then at least two of the three resonance modes are adjusted. In order to realize the mutual decoupling of the three resonance modes in the dielectric filter 10. In addition, the dielectric filter 10 also includes a coupling structure. By rationally designing the shape of the coupling structure, rationally adjusting the size of the coupling structure, and rationally arranging the relative position of the coupling structure and the dielectric resonator 200, the external cavity 100 can be independently connected to the dielectric resonator 200. Coupling of a resonant mode, that is, independent coupling of the external cavity with a resonant mode. It can be understood that the extending directions of the four ends may be in the shape of a "cross" or an "X".

Based on this, the dielectric filter 10 provided by the present application has a high Q value, a small volume, and can realize three resonance modes, and can achieve high performance while taking the volume into consideration. Secondly, the coupling and independence among the three resonance modes are good, and it is convenient to adjust the frequency of each resonance mode separately. In addition, through rational layout of the coupling structure, the coupling between the external cavity and one of the resonant modes is realized, and the independent coupling between the resonant mode and the external cavity is realized. To sum up, the dielectric filter 10 provided by the present application has low debugging difficulty, is convenient for mass production, has good coupling and independence between different resonance modes, and the dielectric filter 10 has wide application scenarios and high overall economic value.

It can be understood that the angle between the extension directions of the four ends of the dielectric resonator 200 is not specifically limited in this application, and when the extension directions of the four ends are in the shape of a "cross", the dielectric resonator 200 can be It is called a cross-shaped dielectric resonator. For ease of description, the dielectric resonator 200 will be described below as an example of a cross-shaped dielectric resonator. Fig. 3(a) shows an exploded view of the dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 3 (b), the cavity 100 includes a grounding surface 110 at the top, a bottom surface 120 opposite to the grounding surface 110, and a wall surface 130 that distributes revolutions around an axis parallel to the Z axis, and a boundary of the wall surface 130 It is in contact with the ground surface 110 , and the other boundary of the wall surface 130 is in contact with the bottom surface 120 , so that the ground surface 110 , the bottom surface 120 and the wall surface 130 jointly form a sealed cavity 100 .

In some implementations, the cavity 100 is a cube structure. The wall 130 of the cavity 100 includes a first wall (not shown), a second wall (not shown), a third wall (not shown) and a fourth wall (not shown) arranged in sequence around Z and connected end to end.

As shown in Figure 3 (c), the dielectric resonator 200 includes a central portion 250, and four end portions extending away from the central portion 250 from the side surface of the central portion 250: a first end portion 210, a second end portion 220, The third end portion 230 and the fourth end portion 240 , wherein the side surface of the central portion 250 is opposite to the wall surface 130 . Wherein, the first end portion 210 and the third end portion 230 extend oppositely along the first straight line _l1 , and the second end portion 220 and the fourth end portion 240 extend oppositely along the second straight line _l2 . The first straight line _l1 and the second straight line _l2 are in the same plane and intersect, and the same plane is parallel or approximately parallel to the XOY plane. The first end portion 210 , the second end portion 220 , the third end portion 230 , the fourth end portion 240 and the central portion 250 jointly form a first surface, and the first surface is grounded to the ground plane 110 of the cavity 100 . It can be understood that the first surface and the ground plane 110 are parallel or approximately parallel to the XOY plane.

In some implementations, the first straight line l ₁ and the second straight line l ₂ are perpendicular to each other. In other alternative implementation manners, the included angle between the first straight line _l1 and the second straight line _l2 is close to 90°, for example, the included angle may be 87°, 88° or 89° and so on.

In some implementations, as shown in FIG. 3(a) to FIG. 3(c), when the cavity 100 is a cube structure, the central part 250 is located at the center of the cavity 100, and the first end 210 faces the first wall. and the junction of the fourth wall, the second end 220 extends toward the junction of the first wall and the second wall, the third end 230 extends toward the junction of the second wall and the third wall, and the fourth end 240 Extending toward the intersection of the third wall and the fourth wall.

In some embodiments, the cavity 100 is made of conductive material, that is, the cavity 100 is a metal cavity. Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of a dielectric filter 10 in some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4 , the cavity 100 is jointly formed by a metal cover 101 and a metal shell 102 , for example, the second surface of the metal cover 101 is the ground plane 110 of the cavity 100 .

In some embodiments, dielectric resonator 200 uses low loss dielectric materials. For example, the material of the dielectric resonator 200 includes at least one of ceramics and plastics, and any dielectric material capable of low loss can be used as the material of the dielectric resonator 200 , which is not specifically limited in this application. For example, the dielectric filter 10 is made of microwave dielectric powder materials (for example: barium titanate, zirconate, etc.) with high dielectric constant, low loss and low frequency temperature coefficient and sintered at high temperature. These dielectric materials usually have excellent electromagnetic properties.

In some implementations, the dielectric resonator 200 can be shaped by at least one of molding, sintering, machining, and additive manufacturing. It can be understood that the present application does not specifically limit the forming method of the dielectric resonator 200 , and any forming method capable of forming the dielectric resonator 200 is within the protection scope of the present application, and the present application does not specifically limit it.

In other alternative implementation manners, the dielectric resonator 200 may be connected to the ground plane 110 of the cavity 100 through a low-loss dielectric material. For example, a conductive layer (not shown) is provided on the surface of the dielectric resonator 200 close to the ground plane 110 of the cavity 100 , and the dielectric resonator 200 is connected to the ground plane 110 of the cavity 100 through the conductive layer.

Before further introducing the detailed structure of the dielectric filter 10, in order to describe the tuning effect of each structural feature on each resonant mode, it is necessary to first describe the corresponding various resonant modes in the dielectric filter 10 and the electric fields corresponding to each mode.

In some implementations, among the three resonant modes of the dielectric filter 10 , one resonant mode can be excited at two opposite end portions, and one resonant mode can be excited at the central portion 250 . For the convenience of subsequent description, the resonant mode excited at the first end 210 and the third end 230 is defined as the first resonant mode, and the resonant mode excited at the second end 220 and the fourth end 240 is defined as the second resonant mode. Two resonant modes, and the resonant mode excited at the central portion 250 is defined as the third resonant mode.

Fig. 5(a) shows the electric field distribution in the first resonance mode in some implementations of the present application. Fig. 5(b) shows the distribution area of the electric field corresponding to the first resonance mode in the dielectric resonator 200 in some implementations of the present application. Fig. 5(c) shows a top view of the dielectric filter 10 in some implementations of the present application. Fig. 5(d) shows a side view of the dielectric filter 10 in some implementations of the present application. Fig. 5(c) and Fig. 5(d) show the geometric dimensions of the dielectric filter 10 related to the resonant frequency of the first resonant mode in some embodiments of the present application. Among them, "⊙" in Fig. 5(c) and below indicates that the electric field direction penetrates from the paper surface, and "⊕" indicates that the electric field direction penetrates from the paper surface.

In some implementations, as shown in Figure 5(a) and Figure 5(b), the electric field corresponding to the first resonant mode is reversed along the Z axis from the first end 210, and the electric field connected to the first end 210 The first surface area _A1 of the second end portion 220, the central portion 250, and the fourth end portion 240 enters the dielectric resonator 200, and from the third end portion 230, and the second end portion connected to the third end portion 230 220 , the central portion 250 and the third surface area A ₃ of the fourth end portion 240 protrude in the positive direction of the Z-axis. Wherein the first surface area A ₁ and the third surface area A ₃ are both areas where the dielectric resonator 200 is in contact with the ground plane 110 . And the direction of the electric field corresponding to the first resonance mode near the bottom surface 120 of the dielectric resonator 200 is parallel to the XOY plane.

In some implementations, the first resonant mode is the HE+ mode. The HE+ mode refers to the wave mode that has both electric field components and magnetic field components in the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation.

For the first resonance mode, since the electric field corresponding to the first resonance mode enters the dielectric resonator 200 from the first surface area _A1 of the dielectric resonator 200, after passing through the dielectric resonator 200, from the first surface area A1 of the dielectric resonator 200 The three-surface area A ₃ is pierced. That is, the first area corresponding to the first surface area _A1 of the dielectric resonator 200 and the third area corresponding to the third surface area _A3 of the dielectric resonator 200 are related to the resonance frequency of the first resonance mode. For example, when the first area and/or the third area decreases, the resonance frequency of the first resonance mode increases.

Based on this, by adjusting the first area of the first surface area A1 on the dielectric resonator ₂₀₀ and the third area of the third surface area _A3 of the dielectric resonator 200, the resonance frequency of the first resonance mode can be adjusted.

In some implementations, the first area of the first surface area _A1 can be adjusted by adjusting the width of the first end portion 210 and the length of the first end portion 210, and adjusting the width of the third end portion 230 and the length of the third end portion The length of 230 adjusts the third area of the third surface area _A3 . Wherein, the length refers to the dimension in the direction parallel to the extension direction of the end portion, and the width refers to the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the end portion and in the same plane as the length direction of other end portions. For example, the first straight line _l1 is perpendicular to the second straight line _l2 , then the length of the first end portion 210 is the dimension of the first end portion 210 along the first straight line _l1 , and the width of the first end portion 210 is the dimension of the first end portion 210 along the second straight line _l2 . It can be understood that the lengths of the other ends are similar to the length of the first end 210 and the widths of the other ends are similar to the width of the first end 210 , which will not be described one by one later.

As shown in Figure 5(c), the width of the first end portion 210 is the same as that of the third end portion 230, and the first end portion 210 and the third end portion 230 extend in the opposite direction along the same direction. The width W ₁ of one end 210 and the third end 230, and the distance L ₁ between the end surface of the first end 210 and the end surface of the third end 230 is adjusted to adjust the first surface in Fig. 5 (b) A first area of the area _A1 and a third area of the third surface area _A3 . Wherein, the end surface of the first end portion 210 refers to the surface of the first end portion 210 farthest from the third end portion 230. Similarly, the end surfaces of the other end portions are similar to the end surfaces of the first end portion 210, and no further description is made here. a description. The distance _L1 between the end surface of the first end portion 210 and the end surface of the third end portion 230 can reflect the change of the sum of the lengths of the first end portion 210 and the third end portion 230 .

In some implementations, the width W ₁ of the first end portion 210 and the third end portion 230 can be reduced by grinding or cutting, and the end faces of the first end portion 210 and the third end portion 230 can be reduced. The distance between L ₁ . The method for adjusting the frequency of the first resonance mode of the dielectric resonator 200 is simple and difficult to operate, which facilitates mass production and improves the economic benefits of the dielectric resonator 200 and the dielectric filter 10 including the dielectric resonator 200 .

In some other implementations, as shown in FIG. 5(c) and FIG. 5(d), a first coupling hole 231 extending along the Z-axis direction is opened on the third surface area _A3 of the dielectric resonator 200. The dielectric filter 10 further includes a first tuning structure 300 disposed in the first coupling hole 231 . Wherein, the first coupling hole 231 increases the resonance frequency of the first resonance mode, and the first tuning structure 300 in the first coupling hole 231 can adjust the amplitude of the increase of the resonance frequency of the first resonance mode. For example, the longer the dimension of the first tuning structure 300 protruding into the first coupling hole 231, that is, the longer the dimension of the first tuning structure 300 in the first coupling hole 231, the dielectric resonator 200 is in the first resonance mode. The increase of the resonant frequency before and after the hole is smaller. Wherein, the first tuning structure 300 can be a tuning screw, and the size of the first tuning structure 300 extending into the first coupling hole 231 refers to the size of the first tuning structure 300 entering the first coupling hole 231 in the Z-axis direction, as shown in Figure 5 h ₁ in (d). The first coupling hole 231 may be a through hole penetrating the dielectric resonator 200 , the ground plane 110 and the bottom plane 120 .

In some other implementation manners, the first coupling hole may also be opened in the first surface area _A1 of the dielectric resonator 200, and its structure and principle are similar to those of the first coupling hole opened in the third surface area _A3 of the dielectric resonator 200. , which will not be described here.

It can be understood that the present application does not specifically limit the adjustment method and adjustment amount of the first area and the third area, and other adjustment methods capable of adjusting the size of the first area and the third area are also within the protection scope of the present application.

Fig. 6(a) shows the electric field distribution in the second resonance mode in some implementations of the present application. Fig. 6(b) shows the distribution area of the electric field corresponding to the second resonance mode in the dielectric resonator 200 in some implementations of the present application. Fig. 6(c) shows a top view of the dielectric filter 10 in some implementations of the present application. Fig. 6(d) shows a side view of the dielectric filter 10 in some implementations of the present application. Fig. 6(c) and Fig. 6(d) show the geometric dimensions of the dielectric filter 10 related to the resonant frequency of the second resonant mode in some embodiments of the present application.

In some implementations, as shown in FIG. 6(a), the electric field corresponding to the second resonance mode is reversed along the Z axis from the second end 220, and the first end 210 connected to the second end 220, The second surface area _A2 of the central portion 250 and the third end portion 230 enters the dielectric resonator 200, and passes through the fourth end portion 240, and the first end portion 210 and the third end portion connected to the fourth end portion 240 230 and the fourth surface area _A4 of the central portion 250 protrude in the positive direction of the Z-axis. Wherein the second surface area A ₂ and the fourth surface area A ₄ are both areas where the dielectric resonator 200 is in contact with the ground plane 110 . And the direction of the electric field corresponding to the second resonance mode near the bottom surface 120 of the dielectric resonator 200 is parallel to the XOY plane.

In some implementations, the second resonant mode is the HE-mode. The HE-mode refers to the wave mode that has both electric field components and magnetic field components in the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation, and the HE-mode and HE+ mode constitute a pair of degenerate modes.

It can be understood that, in some other alternative implementation manners, the first resonance mode is the HE-mode, and the second resonance mode is the HE+ mode, which is not specifically limited in this application.

For the second resonance mode, since the electric field corresponding to the second resonance mode enters the dielectric resonator 200 from the second surface area _A2 of the dielectric resonator 200, after passing through the dielectric resonator 200, from the second surface area A2 of the dielectric resonator 200 Four surface areas A ₄ are pierced. That is, the second area corresponding to the second surface area _A2 of the dielectric resonator 200 and the fourth area corresponding to the fourth surface area _A4 of the dielectric resonator 200 are related to the resonant frequency of the second resonant mode. For example, when the second area and/or the fourth area decreases, the resonance frequency of the second resonance mode increases.

Based on this, the resonant frequency of the second resonant mode can be adjusted by adjusting the second area of the second surface area _A2 on the dielectric resonator 200 and the fourth area of the fourth surface area _A4 of the dielectric resonator 200.

In some implementations, the first area of the second surface area _A2 can be adjusted by adjusting the width of the second end portion 220 and the length of the second end portion 220, and adjusting the width of the fourth end portion 240 and the length of the fourth end portion The length of 240 adjusts the fourth area of the fourth surface area _A4 .

As shown in Figure 6(c), the width of the second end portion 220 is the same as that of the fourth end portion 240, and the second end portion 220 and the fourth end portion 240 extend in the opposite direction along the same direction. The width W ₂ of the two end portions 220 and the fourth end portion 240, and the distance L ₂ between the end face of the second end portion 220 and the end face of the fourth end portion 240 is adjusted to adjust the second surface in Fig. 6 (b) A second area of the area _A2 and a fourth area of the fourth surface area _A4 . The distance L ₂ between the end surface of the second end portion 220 and the end surface of the fourth end portion 240 can reflect the change of the sum of the lengths of the second end portion 220 and the fourth end portion 240 .

In some implementations, the width W ₂ of the second end portion 220 and the fourth end portion 240 can be reduced by grinding or cutting, and the end surface of the second end portion 220 and the end surface of the fourth end portion 240 can be reduced. The distance between L ₂ . The method for adjusting the frequency of the second resonance mode of the dielectric resonator 200 is simple and difficult to operate, which facilitates mass production and improves the economic benefits of the dielectric resonator 200 and the dielectric filter 10 including the dielectric resonator 200 .

In some other implementations, as shown in FIG. 6(c) and FIG. 6(d), a second coupling hole 241 extending along the Z-axis direction is opened on the fourth surface area _A4 of the dielectric resonator 200. The dielectric filter 10 further includes a second tuning structure 400 disposed in the second coupling hole 241 . Wherein, the second coupling hole 241 increases the resonance frequency of the second resonance mode, and the second tuning structure 400 in the second coupling hole 241 can adjust the amplitude of the increase of the resonance frequency of the second resonance mode. For example, the longer the dimension of the second tuning structure 400 extending into the second coupling hole 241, that is, the longer the dimension of the second tuning structure 400 in the second coupling hole 241, the dielectric resonator 200 is in the second resonance mode. The increase of the resonant frequency before and after the hole is smaller. Wherein, the second tuning structure 400 may be a tuning screw, and the size of the second tuning structure 400 extending into the second coupling hole 241 refers to the size of the second tuning structure 400 entering the second coupling hole 241 in the Z-axis direction, as shown in Figure 6 _h2 in (d). The second coupling hole 241 may be a through hole penetrating the dielectric resonator 200 , the ground plane 110 and the bottom plane 120 .

In some other implementations, the second coupling hole can also be opened in the second surface area _A2 of the dielectric resonator 200, and its structure and principle are similar to the second coupling hole opened in the fourth surface area _A4 of the dielectric resonator 200. , which will not be described here.

It can be understood that the present application does not specifically limit the adjustment method and adjustment amount of the second area and the fourth area, and other adjustment methods capable of adjusting the size of the second area and the fourth area are also within the protection scope of the present application.

Fig. 7(a) shows the electric field distribution in the third resonance mode in some implementations of the present application. Fig. 7(b) shows the distribution area of the electric field corresponding to the third resonance mode in the dielectric resonator 200 in some implementations of the present application. Fig. 7(c) shows a side view of the dielectric filter 10 in some implementations of the present application. Fig. 7(d) shows a side view of the dielectric filter 10 in some implementations of the present application. Fig. 7(c) and Fig. 7(d) show the geometric dimensions of the dielectric filter 10 related to the resonant frequency of the third resonant mode in some embodiments of the present application.

As shown in Figure 7(a) and Figure 7(b), the electric field corresponding to the third resonant mode is formed along the negative direction of the Z axis by the first end 210, the second end 220, the third end 230 and the fourth end The edge surface area (not marked) of 240 enters dielectric resonator 200, and from central part 250, and first end 210, second end 220, third end 230 and fourth end that join with central part 250 The central surface area A ₀ of portion 240 protrudes out of dielectric resonator 200 . The edge surface area and the central surface area A ₀ are the areas where the dielectric resonator 200 is in contact with the ground plane 110 of the cavity 100 . And the direction of the electric field corresponding to the third resonance mode near the central portion 250 is perpendicular to the XOY plane.

In some implementations, the third resonant mode is a TM mode. The TM mode refers to a resonant mode that has an electric field component but no magnetic field component in the direction of propagation.

As shown in FIG. 7(c) and FIG. 7(d), in some implementations, the height h ₃ of the dielectric resonator 200 in the cavity 100 can be adjusted to adjust the dielectric resonator 200 in the third resonance mode. Resonant frequency.

As shown in FIG. 7( c ) and FIG. 7( d ), in addition, in some implementation manners, the dielectric filter 10 further includes a third tuning structure 500 disposed at the bottom of the dielectric resonator 200 . Moreover, the resonant frequency of the dielectric resonator 200 in the third resonant mode can also be slightly adjusted by adjusting the height _h4 of the third tuning structure 500 in the dielectric resonator 200, that is, adjusting the third tuning structure 500 extending into the medium from bottom to top The height in the gap between the two ends in the resonator 200 to adjust the frequency of the third resonant mode. Wherein, the third tuning structure 500 protrudes into the gap between two adjacent ends from bottom to top.

The above-mentioned dielectric filter 10 utilizes the structural characteristics of the dielectric resonator 200 to realize the three resonance modes of the dielectric filter 10, and the dielectric resonator 200 and the dielectric filter 10 including the dielectric resonator 200 occupy less space and have a high Q value , which can effectively reduce the channel insertion loss.

It can be understood that the above-mentioned schemes for adjusting the first resonant frequency, the second resonant frequency and the third resonant frequency can be combined arbitrarily, and all possible technical solutions obtained after the combination are within the scope of protection of this application. Not specifically limited.

After introducing the above three resonant modes, by analyzing the distribution areas of the electric fields of the three resonant modes in the dielectric filter 10, it is not difficult to find that the electric fields of the three resonant modes are superimposed on each other. According to the electric field distribution diagrams of the three resonance modes shown in FIG. The electric field of the electric field and the electric field of the third resonant mode are superimposed in the same direction, that is, the three resonant modes of the dielectric filter 10 are coupled to each other, as shown in FIG. 8( b ) the coupling topology diagram of the three resonant modes. Based on this, although the dielectric filter 10 can provide three different resonance modes, the three resonance modes cannot be adjusted independently. At the same time, it is difficult for the external cavity to independently realize one of the three resonance modes coupling.

Based on this, the present application also provides a scheme for adjusting the coupling strength between two of the three resonance modes in the dielectric filter 10, so that the dielectric filter 10 can realize the coupling and decoupling of the three resonance modes according to the requirements, Furthermore, independent coupling between the external cavity and a resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 is realized.

The scheme for adjusting the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode will be first introduced below.

In some embodiments of the present application, the coupling strength between the first resonant frequency and the second resonant frequency is adjusted by adjusting the overlapping area of the electric field energy of the first resonant mode and the electric field energy of the second resonant mode.

FIG. 9( a ) shows a top view of a dielectric filter 10 of the present application, and FIG. 9( b ) shows a perspective view of a dielectric resonator 200 of a dielectric filter 10 of the present application. In some implementations, as shown in FIG. 9( a ) and FIG. 9( b ), in the top surface of the dielectric resonator 200 connected to the ground plane 110 , the first end portion 210 , the second end portion 220 , the second end portion 220 Coupling grooves 201 are formed at the intersection of two adjacent ends of the three ends 230 and the fourth ends 240, and the electric field of the first resonance mode and the electric field of the second resonance mode are reduced by setting the coupling grooves 201 overlapping area. For example, the coupling groove 201 is opened on a side of the central portion 250 facing the ground plane 110 . Specifically, the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 is adjusted by adjusting the coupling groove 201 . For example, the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 can be adjusted by adjusting the number, cross-sectional area and groove depth of the coupling grooves 201 . Wherein, the groove depth of the coupling groove 201 refers to the size of the coupling groove 201 along the Z-axis direction, and the cross-sectional area of the coupling groove 201 refers to the area of the cross-sectional area of the coupling groove 201 perpendicular to the groove depth direction.

It can be understood that as the number of coupling grooves 201 increases, the coupling strength between the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode in the dielectric filter 10 decreases, and on the contrary, the coupling strength between the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode in the dielectric filter 10 increases. high. When the cross-sectional area of the coupling groove 201 becomes larger, the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 decreases; on the contrary, the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 increases. high. When the groove depth of the coupling groove 201 becomes larger, the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 decreases, and conversely, the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 increases. .

In some implementations, the number of coupling slots 201 is four. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9(a), one of the coupling grooves 201 is distributed at the junction of the first end portion 210 and the second end portion 220, and the coupling groove 201 is based on the first end portion 210 and the second end portion. The junction of 220 extends toward the inside of the central portion 250 , and the direction in which the coupling groove 201 extends toward the inside of the central portion 250 is parallel to the X-axis. Another coupling slot 201 is distributed at the junction of the second end portion 220 and the third end portion 230, and the coupling slot 201 extends toward the center portion 250 based on the junction of the second end portion 220 and the third end portion 230, Moreover, the direction in which the coupling groove 201 extends toward the inside of the central portion 250 is parallel to the Y axis. Another coupling groove 201 is distributed at the junction of the third end portion 230 and the fourth end portion 240, and the coupling groove 201 extends toward the center portion 250 based on the junction of the third end portion 230 and the fourth end portion 240, Moreover, the direction in which the coupling groove 201 extends toward the inside of the central portion 250 is parallel to the X-axis. Another coupling groove 201 is distributed at the junction of the fourth end portion 240 and the junction of the first end portion 210, and the coupling groove 201 is based on the junction of the fourth end portion 240 and the first end portion 210 toward the central portion 250 extends inside, and the direction in which the coupling groove 201 extends toward the inside of the central portion 250 is parallel to the Y-axis.

In other alternative implementations, the location of the coupling slot 201, the shape of the coupling slot 201, and the size of the coupling slot 201 can be determined based on the overlapping area of the electric field of the first resonant mode and the electric field of the second resonant mode. The arrangement of the coupling groove 201 to adjust the overlapping area of the electric field of the first resonant mode and the electric field of the second resonant mode is within the protection scope of the present application, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

It can be understood that the present application can adjust the increase and decrease of the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode by adjusting the coupling groove 201 , that is, realize the coupling and decoupling of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode.

Then, an adjustment scheme of the coupling strength between the first resonance mode and the third resonance mode is introduced.

In some embodiments of the present application, the dielectric filter 10 adjusts the first area of the first surface area _A1 , and/or, adjusts the third area of the third surface area _A3 , so as to adjust the electric field corresponding to the first resonant mode and The third resonant mode corresponds to the size of the overlapping area of the electric field, thereby realizing the adjustment of the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode.

Fig. 10(a) shows a top view of a dielectric filter 10 of the present application, and Fig. 10(b) shows a perspective view of a dielectric resonator 200 in a dielectric filter 10 of the present application. In some implementations, as shown in FIG. 10(a) and FIG. 10(b), the first end 210 of the dielectric resonator 200 is provided with a first partial sinker 202 on the side facing the ground plane 110 to adjust The size of the grounding area between the first surface area A ₁ and the grounding plane 110 of the cavity 100 further realizes the adjustment of the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode of the dielectric filter 10 . For example, the coupling strength between the first resonance mode and the third resonance mode is related to the sinking area of the first local sinking 202 .

In some implementation manners, the first partial sink 202 is provided in a region of the first end portion 210 facing away from the central portion 250 .

In other alternative implementations, the setting position of the first partial sinker 202, the shape of the first partial sinker 202 and the size of the first partial sinker 202 can be based on the electric field of the first resonance mode and the electric field of the third resonance mode. The overlapping area of the electric field is determined, and any setting method of the first local sink 202 that can adjust the area of the overlapping area of the electric field of the first resonant mode and the electric field of the third resonant mode is within the scope of protection of this application. Not specifically limited.

It can be understood that the first partial sinker 202 can also be set in the third surface area _A3 of the dielectric resonator 200, the principle is the same as that the first partial sinker 202 is set in the first surface area _A1 of the dielectric resonator 200, the present application Not specifically limited.

In some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a solution for adjusting the adjustment range of the coupling strength between the first resonance mode and the third resonance mode. This solution adjusts the electric field density of the first resonant mode and the electric field density of the third resonant mode to adjust the energy of the overlapping area of the electric field of the first resonant mode and the electric field of the third resonant mode, and then changes the first when adjusting the overlapping area of the unit Adjustment magnitude of the electric field of the resonant mode and the coupling strength of the third resonant mode. Specifically, when the electric field density of the first resonant mode and the electric field density of the third resonant mode are higher, the energy of the overlapping area of the electric field of the first resonant mode and the electric field of the third resonant mode is also higher, and the overlap of the same area is adjusted In the region, the electric field of the first resonant mode and the coupling strength of the third resonant mode change more.

FIG. 11 shows a top view of a dielectric filter 10 of the present application. In some implementation solutions, as shown in FIG. 11 , the first coupling bulge 103 and the second coupling bulge 104 facing the dielectric resonator 200 are provided on the wall surface 130 of the cavity 100 near the first end 210 . For example, the first coupling bump 103 is disposed on the first wall near the first end 210 , and the second coupling bump 104 is disposed on the fourth wall near the first end 210 . By changing the distance d ₁ between the first coupling bump 103 and the first end portion 210 and the distance d ₂ between the second coupling bump 104 and the first end portion 210 , the size of the space in the cavity 100 can be adjusted. For example, by adjusting the size of the first coupling drum 103 and the second coupling drum 104, the distance _d1 between the first coupling drum 103 and the first end 210 and the distance d1 between the second coupling drum 104 and the first end 210 are adjusted. distance d ₂ . When the space in the cavity 100 is reduced, the electric field strength increases, that is, the space reduction can compress the electric field of the first resonant mode near the first coupling bulge 103 and the second coupling bulge 104 . Furthermore, the coupling between the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode is made easier, that is, the adjustment range of the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode can be increased.

It can be understood that the arrangement of the first coupling drum 103 and the second coupling drum 104 in FIG. 11 is not the only arrangement. The first coupling bulge 103 and the second coupling bulge 104 may also be disposed on the second wall surface and the third wall surface corresponding to the third end portion 230 . Besides, the number of coupling bumps is not specifically limited in this application.

Finally, the scheme for adjusting the coupling strength between the second resonance mode and the third resonance mode is introduced first.

The dielectric filter 10 adjusts the second area of the second surface area _A2 of the dielectric resonator 200, and/or adjusts the fourth area of the fourth surface area _A4 to adjust the electric field of the second resonance mode and the third resonance The size of the overlapping area of the electric field of the mode, and then realize the adjustment of the coupling strength of the second resonance mode and the third resonance mode.

Fig. 12(a) shows a top view of a dielectric filter 10 of the present application, and Fig. 12(b) shows a perspective view of a dielectric resonator 200 in a dielectric filter 10 of the present application. In some implementations, as shown in FIG. 12(a) and FIG. 12(b), the fourth end 240 of the dielectric resonator 200 is provided with a second partial sinker 203 on the side facing the ground plane 110 to reduce the The fourth area of the fourth surface area _A4 is reduced to realize the adjustment of the coupling strength between the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 . For example, the coupling strength between the second resonance mode and the third resonance mode is related to the sinking area of the second local sinking 203 .

In order to facilitate processing, in some implementation manners, the second partial sink 203 is provided in a region of the fourth end portion 240 facing away from the central portion 250 .

In other alternative implementations, the setting position of the second partial sinker 203, the shape of the second partial sinker 203 and the size of the second partial sinker 203 can be based on the electric field of the second resonance mode and the electric field of the third resonance mode. The overlapping area of the electric field is determined, and any setting method of the second local sink 203 that can adjust the area of the overlapping area of the electric field of the second resonant mode and the electric field of the third resonant mode is within the scope of protection of this application. Not specifically limited.

It can be understood that the second partial sinker 203 may also be located in the second surface area A ₂ of the dielectric resonator 200 , which is not specifically limited in this application.

In some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a solution for adjusting the adjustment range of the coupling strength between the second resonance mode and the third resonance mode. This solution is similar to the solution of adjusting the adjustment range of the coupling strength between the second resonance mode and the third resonance mode.

FIG. 13 shows a top view of a dielectric filter 10 of the present application. In some implementation solutions, as shown in FIG. 13 , the third coupling bulge 105 and the fourth coupling bulge 106 facing the dielectric resonator 200 are provided on the wall surface 130 of the cavity 100 near the fourth end 240 . For example, the third coupling bump 105 is disposed on the fourth wall near the fourth end 240 , and the fourth coupling bump 106 is disposed on the third wall near the fourth end 240 . By changing the distance d ₃ between the third coupling bump 105 and the fourth end 240 and the distance d ₄ between the fourth coupling bump 106 and the fourth end 240 , the size of the space in the cavity 100 can be adjusted. For example, by adjusting the size of the third coupling drum 105 and the fourth coupling drum 106, the distance _d3 between the third coupling drum 105 and the fourth end 240 and the distance d3 between the fourth coupling drum 106 and the fourth end 240 can be adjusted. distance d ₄ . When the space in the cavity 100 is reduced, the electric field strength increases, that is, the space reduction can compress the electric field of the second resonant mode near the third coupling bulge 105 and the fourth coupling bulge 106 . Furthermore, the coupling between the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode is made easier, that is, the adjustment range of the coupling strength between the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode can be increased.

It can be understood that the arrangement of the third coupling drum 105 and the fourth coupling drum 106 in FIG. 13 is not the only arrangement. The third coupling bulge 105 and the fourth coupling bulge 106 may also be disposed on the first wall surface and the second wall surface corresponding to the second end portion 220 . Besides, the number of coupling bumps is not specifically limited in this application.

To sum up, the application adopts the adjustment scheme of the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode, the adjustment scheme of the coupling strength between the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode, and the adjustment scheme of the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode. The adjustment scheme of the coupling strength between the dielectric resonator 200, the structural characteristics of each tuning structure and the structural characteristics of the cavity 100 can realize the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode of the dielectric filter 10. Mutual decoupling of the resonant mode and the third resonant mode, as shown in FIG. 14 is a schematic topology diagram of the resonant mode.

Correspondingly, this application adopts the adjustment scheme of the coupling strength between the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode, the adjustment scheme of the coupling strength between the second resonance mode and the third resonance mode, and the adjustment scheme of the first resonance mode and the third resonance mode. The adjustment scheme of the coupling strength between the modes, under the condition of reasonable reverse adjustment of each tuning structure, can realize the requirement of meeting the requirements between the first resonant mode, the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode of the dielectric filter 10 Coupling, as shown in Figure 8(b).

The above-mentioned dielectric filter 10 solves the coupling and decoupling between several resonant modes and the coupling and decoupling between several resonant modes and the external cavity, and advances the single-cavity multi-mode technology to a practical stage. In addition, the frequency of the resonant mode and the coupling strength of various forms can be adjusted by polishing, so that the dielectric resonator 200 and the dielectric filter 10 have high debuggability and low operation difficulty, so that the dielectric resonator 200 and the dielectric filter The device 10 is mass-produced and the overall economic benefits are improved.

It can be understood that, the adjustment schemes for adjusting the coupling strength between the first resonant frequency, the second resonant frequency and the third resonant frequency, and the adjustment scheme for adjusting the coupling strength between the two can be combined arbitrarily. All possible technical solutions obtained after their combination are within the protection scope of the present application, which is not specifically limited in the present application.

After introducing the coupling strength adjustment scheme between two of the three resonance modes in the dielectric filter 10 in this application, the coupling scheme between the three resonance modes and the external cavity in the dielectric filter 10 will be further introduced below.

It can be understood that since the principle of the first resonant mode is similar to that of the second resonant mode, the region where the electric field penetrates the dielectric resonator 200 is similar to the region where the electric field passes through the dielectric resonator 200, therefore, the coupling between the first resonant mode and the external cavity The scheme is basically the same as the coupling scheme of the second resonant mode with the external cavity. The following will describe in detail the adjustment scheme of the coupling strength between the second resonant mode and the external cavity as an example.

In some application scenarios, the cavity 100 of the dielectric filter 10 communicates with the first external cavity R1 through the first channel 800 , and the first channel 800 faces the second end 220 . Wherein, the first external cavity R1 may be a cavity of another dielectric filter. It is understood that the present application does not specifically limit the location of the first external cavity R1, and the first external cavity R1 may be a metal cavity.

Fig. 15(a) shows a top view of a dielectric filter 10 of the present application. Fig. 15(b) shows a side view of a dielectric filter 10 of the present application. Fig. 15(c) shows a perspective view of a first coupling structure 600 of the present application. In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIGS. The vicinity of the two ends 220 extends upwards to meet the ground plane 110 of the cavity 100 , and the second coupling end 620 of the first coupling structure 600 passes through the first channel 800 to couple with the first external cavity R1 . The above-mentioned dielectric filter 10 adjusts the first external cavity R1 and the second by adjusting the height _h5 of the first coupling end 610 extending upward in the first coupling structure 600 and the distance _d5 between the first coupling end 610 and the dielectric resonator 200. The coupling strength of the resonant modes.

In some implementations, it can be seen from FIG. 15(a), FIG. 15(b) and FIG. 15(c), that the first coupling end 610 of the first coupling structure 600 is a plate structure, and the plate structure extends along the Z-axis direction The end surface 611 to the first coupling end 610 is in contact with the ground surface 110 of the cavity 100 , and the surface of the board structure opposite to the second end portion 220 is parallel to the end surface of the second end portion 220 .

In some other alternative implementations, the first channel 800 can also face the fourth end 240 , then one end of the first coupling structure 600 extends upward near the fourth end 240 to meet the ground plane 110 of the cavity 100 In turn, the coupling of the second resonant mode to the first external cavity R1 can also be realized.

FIG. 15( d ) shows a topological diagram of harmonic flow between the second resonant mode and the first external cavity R1 in the dielectric filter 10 of the present application. According to Fig. 15(d), it is not difficult to find that the first external cavity R1 can be independently coupled with the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10, as shown in Fig. 15(d) the topology diagram of harmonic flow.

It can be understood that since the coupling principle of the first resonant mode and the external cavity is similar to the coupling principle of the second resonant mode and the first external cavity R1, the adjustment scheme for the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the external cavity The scheme for adjusting the coupling strength between the second resonant mode and the first external cavity R1 is basically the same, and will not be repeated here.

After introducing the coupling strength adjustment scheme of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode and the external cavity and the coupling strength adjustment scheme of the second resonant mode and the external cavity, the following will further introduce the third resonant mode and the external cavity Coupling strength adjustment scheme.

Based on the foregoing description about the three resonance modes of the dielectric filter 10, it can be known that, directly below the central part 250 in the dielectric resonator 200, the direction of the electric field component of the first resonance mode and the direction of the electric field component of the second resonance mode are perpendicular to each other. , and are parallel to the XOY plane, and the electric field component of the third resonant mode is orthogonal to the XOY plane. Therefore, a position point capable of independent coupling with the third resonance mode is provided immediately below the central portion 250 of the dielectric resonator 200 .

In some application scenarios, the cavity 100 of the dielectric filter 10 communicates with the second external cavity R2 through the second channel 900 . Wherein, the second external cavity R2 may be a cavity of another dielectric filter. It can be understood that the present application does not specifically limit the location of the second external cavity R2, and the second external cavity R2 may be a metal cavity.

Fig. 16(a) shows a top view of a dielectric filter 10 of the present application, and Fig. 16(b) shows a side view of a dielectric filter 10 of the present application. In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in FIG. 16(a) and FIG. 16(b), a second coupling structure 700 is provided below the dielectric resonator 200 to realize the second external space through the second coupling structure 700. Adjustment of the coupling strength of cavity R2 to the third resonant mode. Moreover, the third coupling end 710 of the second coupling structure 700 is disposed at the lower part of the central portion 250 , and the fourth coupling end 720 of the second coupling structure 700 is coupled to the second external cavity R2 through the second channel 900 . The above-mentioned dielectric filter 10 adjusts the second external cavity by adjusting the area of the orthographic projection of the third coupling end 710 in the second coupling structure 700 on the ground plane 110 and the distance d ₆ between the third coupling end 710 and the dielectric resonator 200 Coupling strength of R2 to the third resonant mode.

For example, as shown in FIG. 16(c), the second coupling structure 700 is a suspended flying rod 700a, and the suspended flying rod 700a includes a metal disc 710a, and the metal disc 710 is located below the central part 250 of the dielectric resonator 200. Parallel to the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator 200, the other end 720a of the suspended flying rod 700a is used for coupling to the second external cavity R2. Specifically, as the distance _d6 between the metal disk 710a and the dielectric resonator 200 decreases, the coupling strength increases. In addition, as the diameter _D1 of the metal disc 710a becomes larger, the coupling strength increases.

Fig. 16(d) shows a topological diagram of harmonic flow between the third resonant mode and the second external cavity R2 in the dielectric filter 10 of the present application. According to FIG. 16( d ), it is not difficult to find that the second external cavity R2 can be independently coupled with the third resonance mode in the dielectric filter 10 .

The above-mentioned dielectric filter 10, at the bottom of the dielectric resonator 200, the electric field components of the first resonant mode, the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode are orthogonal to each other, providing a mechanism for realizing any of the above-mentioned resonant modes and external cavity The optimal position for independent coupling, by setting the third coupling end 710 of the second coupling structure 700 at the bottom of the dielectric resonator 200, and the end surface 711 of the third coupling end 710 is parallel to the bottom surface of the dielectric resonator 200, and the second The fourth coupling end 720 of the coupling structure 700 is set at the same level as the external cavity, which realizes the adjustment of the coupling strength between the third resonant mode and the external cavity, that is, the third resonant mode is realized through the second coupling structure 700 Coupling and decoupling with the second external cavity R2.

It can be understood that the coupling schemes of the first resonant frequency, the second resonant frequency and the third resonant frequency and the external cavity can be combined arbitrarily, and all possible technical solutions obtained after the combination are within the protection scope of the present application , this application does not specifically limit.

In summary, as shown in Figure 17, the first external cavity R1 can be independently coupled with the second resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10, and the second external cavity R2 can be independently coupled with the third resonant mode in the dielectric filter 10 , the topological diagram of the harmonic flow shown in Figure 17. In summary, the dielectric filter 10 of the present application can decouple multiple resonant modes in the dielectric filter 10, and realize independent coupling and independent decoupling of one of the resonant modes from the external cavity, avoiding the external cavity from being connected to the medium at the same time. Multiple modes of the filter 10 generate coupling at the same time, simplify the coupling characteristics of the entire dielectric filter 10, simplify the coupling path in the resonant mode topology, reduce the design difficulty of the dielectric resonator 200 and the dielectric filter 10, and greatly promote Practical Applicability of Multimode Dielectric Filter 10. In other coupling structures of the dielectric filter 10 , adjacent cavities will basically couple to at least two of the multiple resonance modes, making the entire coupling topology complex and highly uncontrollable.

It can be understood that, the adjustment scheme of the resonant frequency of the first resonant frequency, the second resonant frequency and the third resonant frequency, the coupling strength between the first resonant frequency, the second resonant frequency and the third resonant frequency The adjustment scheme and the adjustment scheme of the adjustment range of the above-mentioned coupling strength can be combined arbitrarily, and all possible technical solutions obtained after the combination are within the scope of protection of this application, and this application does not specifically limit it.

The present application also provides a dielectric filter, wherein the dielectric filter includes a plurality of cavities, wherein at least one cavity in the plurality of cavities is the same as the cavity 100 in the above-mentioned dielectric filter 10, and the plurality of cavities The dielectric resonator 200 in the above-mentioned dielectric filter 10 is also arranged in at least one cavity of the above-mentioned dielectric filter 10 .

The present application also provides a radio frequency component, wherein the radio frequency component includes at least one of at least one of the above dielectric filters.

The present application also provides a base station system, wherein the base station system includes at least one radio frequency element described above.

The implementation manners of the present application are described above with specific specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of the present application will be presented in conjunction with some embodiments, this does not mean that the features of the application are limited to the embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of introducing the application in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the application. The application may also be practiced without these details. Furthermore, some specific details have been omitted from the description in order to avoid obscuring or obscuring the focus of the application. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "outside", "inside", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "circumferential", "radial", and "axial" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the It should not be construed as limiting the application to indicate that a device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed, and operate in a particular orientation.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "installation", "connection" and "attachment" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application in specific situations.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. In this way, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

A dielectric filter (10), characterized in that it comprises:

a cavity (100), the cavity (100) including a ground plane (110);

A dielectric resonator (200), the dielectric resonator (200) comprising a central part (250), and a first end part (210), a second end part (220) protruding from the central part (250), a third end (230) and a fourth end (240);

Wherein, the first end portion (210), the second end portion (220), the third end portion (230), the fourth end portion (240) and the central portion (250) share forming a first surface, the first surface and the ground plane (110) are grounded, the first end portion (210) and the third end portion (230) extend along a first straight line, the first The two end portions (220) and the fourth end portion (240) extend along a second straight line, and the included angle between the first straight line and the second straight line is a preset angle;

The dielectric resonator (200) has a first resonant mode excited by the first end (210) and the third end (230), and by the second end (220) and the third end A second resonant mode excited by the four end portions (240), and a third resonant mode excited by the central portion (250).
The dielectric filter (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, at the first surface, the electric field direction of the first resonance mode, the electric field direction of the second resonance mode, and the third The electric field directions of the resonant modes are all perpendicular to the first surface, and at the surface opposite to the first surface in the dielectric resonator, the electric field directions of the first resonant mode and the electric field of the second resonant mode are direction and the electric field direction of the third resonant mode are orthogonal to each other.
The dielectric filter (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the dielectric filter (10) further comprises:

A coupling component, the coupling component is used to adjust the coupling strength between any two of the first resonance mode, the second resonance mode and the third resonance mode.
The dielectric filter (10) according to claim 3, wherein the coupling assembly comprises:

A coupling groove (201), the coupling groove (201) is opened on the side of the central part (250) facing the ground plane (110), and the extending direction of the coupling groove (201) is between the first Between two adjacent ends in one end (210), the second end (220), the third end (230) and the fourth end (240), use for adjusting the coupling strength between the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode;

The first partial sinking (202), the first partial sinking (202) is opened on the side of the first end (210) facing the grounding surface (110) and/or the third end (230) A side facing the ground plane (110), for adjusting the coupling strength between the first resonance mode and the third resonance mode;

The second partial sinking (203), the second partial sinking (203) is opened on the side of the second end (220) facing the ground plane (110) and/or the fourth end (240) The side facing the ground plane (110), used for adjusting the coupling strength between the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode.
The dielectric filter (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that,

The first partial sinking (202) is set on the side of the first end (210) facing away from the central portion (250), and/or, the first partial sinking (202) is set on The side of the third end portion (230) facing away from the central portion (250);

The second partial sinking (203) is set on the side of the second end (220) facing away from the central portion (250), and/or, the second partial sinking (203) is set on The side of the fourth end portion (240) facing away from the central portion (250).
The dielectric filter (10) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that,

The coupling strength between the first resonance mode and the third resonance mode is related to the sinking area of the first local sinking (202);

The coupling strength between the second resonance mode and the third resonance mode is related to the sinking area of the second local sinking (203).
The dielectric filter (10) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the coupling strength between the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode is related to one or more of the following :

the number of said coupling slots (201); or

the cross-sectional area of the coupling groove (201); or

The groove depth of the coupling groove (201).
The dielectric filter (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, the dielectric filter (10) further comprises:

a coupling bulge, the coupling bulge is formed on the wall surface of the cavity (100) and protrudes toward the dielectric resonator (200), the coupling bulge is used to adjust the first resonant mode, the second The adjustment range of the coupling strength between the resonant mode and the third resonant mode.
The dielectric filter (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that, the ground plane (110) is a square, the first straight line is parallel to a diagonal line of the square, and the second straight line Parallel to another diagonal of the square, the wall includes a first wall connected to the four sides of the square, a second wall, a third wall and a fourth wall, and the first end (210 ) extends toward the first wall and the fourth wall, the fourth end (240) extends toward the third wall and the fourth wall, and the coupling bulge includes:

a first coupling bulge (103), the first coupling bulge (103) is formed on the first wall surface and protrudes toward the first end portion (210);

a second coupling bulge (104), the second coupling bulge (104) is formed on the fourth wall surface and protrudes toward the first end portion (210);

a third coupling bulge (105), the third coupling bulge (105) is formed on the fourth wall and protrudes toward the fourth end (240);

A fourth coupling bulge (106), the fourth coupling bulge (106) is formed on the third wall and protrudes toward the fourth end (240).
The dielectric filter (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, the dielectric filter (10) further comprises:

A first coupling structure (600), one end of the first coupling structure (600) extends to one side of the second end (220) in the cavity (100), and is parallel to the second end The end face of the part (220) extends to meet the ground plane (110), the other end of the first coupling structure is connected to the first external cavity,

The coupling strength between the second resonant mode and the first external cavity is related to one or more of the following:

A dimension of one end of the first coupling structure (600) along a first direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the first surface; or

The distance between one end of the first coupling structure (600) and the end surface of the second end portion (220).
The dielectric filter (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, the dielectric filter (10) further comprises:

A second coupling structure (700), one end of the second coupling structure (700) extends into the cavity (100), and is located at a side of the dielectric resonator (200) facing away from the ground plane (110). one side extends parallel to the ground plane (110), and the other end of the second coupling structure (700) is connected to the second external cavity,

The coupling strength between the third resonance mode and the second external cavity is related to one or more of the following:

the distance between one end of the second coupling structure (700) and the dielectric resonator (200); or

The area of the orthographic projection of one end of the second coupling structure (700) on the ground plane (110).
The dielectric filter (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the resonant frequency of the first resonant mode is related to one or more of the following:

the area of the first projected area of the first end portion (210) on the ground plane (110); or

The area of the third projected area of the third end portion (230) on the ground plane (110).
The dielectric filter (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that, the first end portion (210) and/or the third end portion (230) open toward the surface of the ground plane (110) There is a first coupling hole (231), and the dielectric filter (10) further includes a first tuning structure (300) with one end passing through the first coupling hole (231).
The dielectric filter (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the resonant frequency of the second resonant mode is related to one or more of the following:

the area of the second projected area of the second end portion (220) on the ground plane (110); or

The area of the fourth projected area of the fourth end portion (240) on the ground plane (110).
The dielectric filter (10) according to claim 14, characterized in that, the second end portion (220) and/or the fourth end portion (240) is provided with a second coupling hole (241), so The dielectric filter (10) further includes a second tuning structure (400) with one end passing through the second coupling hole (241).
The dielectric filter (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, the resonance frequency of the third resonance mode is related to the height of the dielectric resonator (200), wherein the height is the dielectric resonance The size of the device (200) in the direction perpendicular to the first surface.
The dielectric filter (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, the first end portion (210), the second end portion (220), and the third end portion (230) and two adjacent ends of the fourth end (240) are formed with recesses, and the dielectric filter (10) further includes:

A third tuning structure (500), one end of the third tuning structure (500) extends from the side of the dielectric resonator (200) facing away from the first surface to the recess.
A radio frequency device, characterized in that the radio frequency device comprises the dielectric filter (10) according to any one of claims 1-17.
A base station, characterized in that the base station comprises the radio frequency device according to claim 18.
A dielectric resonator (200), characterized in that the dielectric resonator (200) comprises a central part (250), and a first end part (210) protruding from the central part (250), a second end (220), third end (230) and fourth end (240),

The first end portion (210), the second end portion (220), the third end portion (230), the fourth end portion (240) and the central portion (250) collectively form a first A surface, the first surface and the ground plane (110) are grounded, the first end (210) and the third end (230) extend along a first straight line, and the second end ( 220) and the fourth end portion (240) extend along a second straight line, and the included angle between the first straight line and the second straight line is a preset angle;

The dielectric resonator (200) has a first resonant mode excited by the first end (210) and the third end (230), and by the second end (220) and the third end A second resonant mode excited by the four end portions (240), and a third resonant mode excited by the central portion (250).