WO2022260421A1

WO2022260421A1 - Four-wheel steerable electric vehicle having onboard high-efficiency generator

Info

Publication number: WO2022260421A1
Application number: PCT/KR2022/008065
Authority: WO
Inventors: 장현식
Original assignee: 장현식; 주식회사 경우; (주)거상; (주)스페이스이브이
Priority date: 2021-06-08
Filing date: 2022-06-08
Publication date: 2022-12-15
Also published as: KR102374071B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a four-wheel steerable electric vehicle with improved power efficiency by having an onboard high-efficiency generator. An electric vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a motor for driving front wheels; a battery in which electric energy for driving the motor is stored; a generator, which converts rotational energy of rear wheels into electric energy so as to supply the electric energy to the battery or the motor; a flywheel connected to the rear wheels through a first pulley and connected to the generator through a second pulley; and a controller which monitors and controls the charging/discharging state of the battery, and which monitors requested power of the motor so as to control that the battery is charged with the electric energy generated by the generator or the electric energy is directly supplied to the motor, wherein the rear wheels and the flywheel are formed with substantially the same gear ratio so as to be connected through the first pulley, and the flywheel and the generator are formed such that the gear ratio of the flywheel is higher, and thus are connected through the second pulley.

Description

An electric vehicle equipped with a high-efficiency generator and capable of 4-wheel steering

The present invention relates to an electric vehicle driven by a battery and an electric motor, and more particularly, to an electric vehicle capable of four-wheel steering and having improved power efficiency by mounting a high-efficiency generator.

An electric vehicle is a vehicle that drives a vehicle by rotating a motor with electric energy stored in a battery.

Such an electric vehicle is subdivided into a battery electric vehicle (BEV), a plug-in hybrid (PHEV), and a mileage extended vehicle (eREV). A battery electric vehicle (BEV) is a pollution-free, eco-friendly vehicle that does not emit exhaust gas by driving a vehicle using a motor as a driving source and only a battery as an energy source. However, it takes a lot of time to charge the battery, and the battery capacity is still insufficient to keep up with the internal combustion engine, so there is a problem in that the mileage is short.

Hybrid (HEV) and plug-in hybrid (PHEV) selectively use an internal combustion engine and an electric motor with an engine as a main driving source and a motor as an auxiliary driving means, and a plug-in hybrid is a vehicle that can charge a battery. However, since the internal combustion engine is used as the main driving means, there is still a problem in that pollution such as exhaust gas is generated.

Such an electric vehicle has been experiencing difficulties in technology dissemination due to problems such as long charging time and short mileage, but is gradually becoming popular due to recent strengthening of environmental regulations, support from governments of each country, and falling battery prices. However, currently commercialized electric vehicles have a problem in that they have limitations in increasing electric energy efficiency because the energy charging efficiency of the battery is not high.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle in which energy efficiency is maximized by using a high-efficiency generator.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle using a high-efficiency generator capable of four-wheel steering.

However, the object of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned matters, and other objects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below.

An electric vehicle capable of four-wheel steering according to an embodiment of the present specification includes an electric motor for driving front wheels; a battery storing electric energy for driving the electric motor; a generator that converts rotational energy of the rear wheel into electrical energy and supplies electrical energy to the battery or the electric motor; a flywheel connected to the rear wheel through a first pulley and connected to the generator through a second pulley; and a controller that monitors and controls the charging/discharging state of the battery, monitors the required power of the electric motor, and controls the electrical energy generated by the generator to be charged to the battery or directly supplied to the electric motor, wherein the rear wheel and the flywheel have substantially the same gear ratio and are connected to the first pulley, and the flywheel and the generator have a higher gear ratio of the flywheel and are connected to the second pulley.

Preferably, the controller operates the battery in a discharge mode from a stop state of the vehicle to a predetermined speed or less, and controls the electrical energy charged to be supplied to the electric motor, and when the predetermined speed is exceeded, the rotational force of the rear wheel is reduced. and controlling the battery to be operated in a charging mode so that the electric energy generated by the generator is charged to the battery.

In addition, preferably, the controller monitors the driving state of the vehicle and calculates the electric energy charged in the battery and the electric energy generated by the generator when the electric energy required by the electric motor exceeds a predetermined range to generate the electric motor. Distributing the amount of electrical energy required by the battery and the generator, respectively, and controlling the battery and the generator to simultaneously supply electrical energy to the motor.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, by using a high-efficiency generator to continuously maintain the rotational force of the rear wheels while charging with electric energy or using it as energy for driving the front wheels, an electric vehicle with maximized energy efficiency can be provided. there is

In addition, the present invention has the advantage of enabling steering at a desired angle even in a small area by proposing an electric vehicle capable of four-wheel steering using a steering shaft and a steering guide bar.

1 and 2 are diagrams schematically showing the structure of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of an electric bike according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of an electric vehicle equipped with a high-efficiency generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a reference diagram schematically showing a connection relationship between a generator and a rear wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 and 7 are views for explaining an energy charging mode in an electric vehicle equipped with a high-efficiency generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a diagram for explaining an energy discharge mode in an electric vehicle equipped with a high-efficiency generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

9 illustrates an electric vehicle capable of 4-wheel steering according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, in adding reference numerals to components of each drawing, it should be noted that the same components have the same numerals as much as possible even if they are displayed on different drawings. In addition, in describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted. In addition, although preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below, the technical idea of the present invention is not limited or limited thereto and can be modified and implemented in various ways by those skilled in the art.

An electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is a two-wheeled, three-wheeled, four-wheeled bicycle or an electric vehicle, and any means of transportation driven by electric energy as a main power source or an auxiliary power source may be applied. Accordingly, battery electric vehicles (BEVs), mileage extended vehicles (eREVs), hybrid vehicles (HEVs), and plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) may also be included.

1 illustrates a representative four-wheeled electric vehicle by way of example, including a front wheel (FW), a rear wheel (BW), an electric motor 10 driving a front wheel (FW) and/or a rear wheel (BW), and an electric motor. It includes a battery 20 for charging and discharging electrical energy for driving, a generator 30 for converting rotational energy into electrical energy, and a controller 50. The generator 30 may be mounted on the rear wheel, the front wheel, or the center of the vehicle, but as shown, it is preferably mounted on the rear wheel (BW) so that it can be easily interlocked with the rear wheel. An auxiliary wheel or flywheel (not shown) is configured inside the generator 30 and connected to the rear wheel through the flywheel, thereby converting rotational energy of the rear wheel into electrical energy.

2 shows a typical two-wheeled electric vehicle by way of example, the motor 10 is installed on the front wheel (FW) and driven by the front wheel, and the rear wheel (BW) is connected to the generator 30 through the flywheel The rotational energy of the rear wheel is converted into electrical energy.

3 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of an electric motorcycle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, an electric motorcycle is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to the electric motorcycle. An electric motorcycle according to this embodiment may be a two-wheeled or three-wheeled or multi-wheeled motorcycle.

The electric motorcycle according to this embodiment has a rechargeable battery 20 like a general electric motorcycle. Since this battery 20 is substantially the same as a commonly used battery, description thereof is omitted here.

The battery 20 can be easily charged using a 220V power supply used in general households, and has the advantage of being charged using relatively inexpensive late-night electricity and used during the daytime. Also, if there is a battery that is superior to a general battery, that battery can be used. Therefore, the motorcycle according to the present embodiment is characterized by high energy utilization efficiency while using the same battery.

Next, since the arrangement structure of the wheels, the coupling structure with the main body, the steering system, and the shock absorbing system are substantially the same as those of a general electric motorcycle, they will not be described here. However, in the case of a two-wheeled motorcycle, the electric motorcycle according to the present embodiment may be configured with independent driving wheels in which all wheels are independently driven. Therefore, both the front wheel FW and the rear wheel BW are provided as independent driving wheels, and may be driven by separate driving means. In this way, when the front wheels FW and the rear wheels BW are driven independently, power is distributed and overall energy consumption can be reduced.

In addition, in this embodiment, since the front wheel FW and the rear wheel BW are driven independently, there is a possibility that a difference may occur in the rotation speed of the front wheel and the rear wheel, so that the rotation speed synchronizes the rotation speed of the front wheel FW and the rear wheel BW. A synchronization system may be further provided.

On the other hand, when the motorized motorcycle according to the present embodiment is a three-wheeled motorcycle or a four-wheeled motorcycle, two or more wheels among all wheels are provided as independent driving wheels. Of course, all wheels may be provided as independent driving wheels. In this case, rotational speed synchronizing means for synchronizing the rotational speed of each independent driving wheel may be further provided.

Hereinafter, for convenience of description, it is assumed that the vehicle is driven by the front wheel FW.

The electric motor 10 is installed on the front wheel FW and receives electric energy from the battery 20 or/and the generator 30 to drive the front wheel FW.

The generator 30 converts the rotational energy of the rear wheel BW into electrical energy and supplies the electrical energy to the battery 20 or the electric motor 10 .

The flywheel 40 is connected to the rear wheel BW by a first pulley, connected to the generator 30 by a second pulley, and converts the rotational force of the rear wheel BW into electrical energy.

The controller 50 monitors and controls the charge/discharge state of the battery 20, and monitors the required power of the electric motor 10 to charge the electric energy generated by the generator 30 to the battery 20 or the motor 10. is controlled so that it is supplied directly to At this time, the rear wheel BW and the flywheel 40 are configured to have substantially the same gear ratio and are connected to the first pulley, and the flywheel 40 and the generator 30 are configured to have a higher gear ratio of the flywheel and are connected to the second pulley. can

The electric motor 10 is connected to the front wheel FW through a reducer 70 and corresponds to a driving motor that drives the front wheel FW. At this time, when the motor is directly connected to the front wheel (FW), which is a rotating body, the force generated while the rotating body rotates is transmitted to the motor, which shortens the lifespan of the motor or causes wear and tear, resulting in damage to the motor. Therefore, by connecting the electric motor 10, which is a driving motor, and the front wheel FW, which is a rotating body, through the reducer 70, it is possible to play a role of protecting the electric motor 10. In addition, when the number of revolutions of the motor 10 is reduced in a state where the power of the motor 10 is constant, the torque increases. The reduction gear 70 reduces the operating speed of the motor 10 to transmit a greater force to the front wheel FW, which is a rotating body. be able to convey

The generator 30 converts rotational energy of the rear wheel BW into electrical energy, and as shown, the generated electrical energy can be charged to the battery 20 or directly supplied to the electric motor 10 . At this time, in order to increase the efficiency of the generator 30, the generator 30 and the rear wheel BW are connected through the flywheel 40.

The flywheel 40 is a means of maximizing the generation of centrifugal force as a heavy weight rotating body, and is connected to the rear wheel (BW) by a pulley and rotates together while synchronizing, but the magnitude of the centrifugal force due to its own weight increases, so that the rotational force is doubled. can That is, the flywheel 40 is a heavy rotating body and is configured such that the moment of inertia can be increased, and while receiving the rotational force of the rear wheel BW, a large centrifugal force is generated through the moment of inertia of the flywheel 40, thereby generating rotational energy. losses can be minimized or increased. Therefore, since the rotational energy generated from the rear wheel BW is transmitted to the generator 30 through the flywheel 40, the rotational energy generated from the generator 30 is prevented from being lowered due to a change in vehicle speed or an increase in load. can generate electrical energy.

At this time, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the rear wheel BW and the flywheel 40 are composed of substantially the same gear ratio and connected to the first pulley, so that the rear wheel BW acts as a load in a state in which rotational force is generated to some extent. or to prevent the flywheel 40 from over-rotating.

In addition, the flywheel 40 and the generator 30 are configured such that the gear ratio of the flywheel is higher and connected to the second pulley so that the rotational energy transmitted to the rotational shaft of the generator 30 can be doubled. It is preferable.

As shown, the rear wheel BW and the flywheel 40 may be connected to the first pulley 81 at the same gear ratio, and the flywheel 40 and the generator 30 are configured with a higher gear ratio of the flywheel 40 It can be connected to the second pulley 82.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gear ratio of the rear wheel BW and the flywheel 40 is approximately 1:1, and the gear ratio of the flywheel 40 and the generator 30 is approximately 2:1. That is, the overall gear ratio of the rear wheel BW, the flywheel 40 and the generator 30 may be approximately 2:2:1. By having such a gear ratio, even if the rotation of the rear wheel decreases or a load occurs while maximizing the rotational force generated in the rear wheel, it is possible to maintain the maximum rotational force through the flywheel 40 and transmit it to the generator 30, through which the generator (30) can generate high-efficiency electrical energy by utilizing the maximized rotational energy.

On the other hand, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the generator 30 is a 1KW capacity, it is possible to use a standard product having a rotational capacity of up to 3,600rpm.

The embodiment of FIG. 6 is an embodiment in which the electric motor 10 is installed on the front wheel shaft, and the embodiment of FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which the electric motor 10 is installed in the form of an in-wheel in the front wheel (FW). .

Since the rotational force of the rear wheels BW is not sufficient from the vehicle's stop to a predetermined speed or less, the controller 50 transfers the electrical energy charged in the battery 20 to the electric motor 10 and controls the vehicle to drive.

On the other hand, when the rotational force of the rear wheel BW exceeds a predetermined speed and satisfies the minimum requirement for generating electric energy, the rotational force of the rear wheel BW is transmitted to the generator 30 through the flywheel 40 The generator 30 converts rotational energy into electrical energy, and the controller 50 operates the battery in a charging mode so that the battery 20 is charged with the electrical energy generated by the generator 30 .

Meanwhile, the in-wheel motor shown in FIG. 7 is a system in which a driving motor, a brake, a suspension, etc. are integrated and attached to a vehicle wheel, and has the advantage of being able to independently control each wheel according to the driving state of the vehicle.

As shown by arrows in FIGS. 6 and 7 , rotational energy generated from the rear wheel BW is converted into electrical energy in the generator 30 through the flywheel 40 and then charged into the battery.

The controller 50 monitors the driving state of the vehicle and periodically calculates the electrical energy Pt required by the electric motor 10 . That is, if the electric energy Pt for driving the vehicle is within the power range P2 that can be supplied from the battery, the electric energy charged in the battery 20 is controlled to be provided to the electric motor 10 .

However, when the electric energy (Pt) required by the motor 10 is greater than a predetermined range, the electric energy charged in the battery 20 and the electric energy generated by the generator 30 are calculated and the electric energy required by the motor 10 is calculated. The amount of electrical energy Pt is distributed to the battery and the generator, respectively, so that the battery P2 and the generator P1 simultaneously supply electrical energy to the motor 10.

As described above, when the battery 20 and the generator 30 are controlled to supply energy at the same time, for example, when an uphill road or rapid acceleration is required, the motor 10 momentarily requires a lot of electrical energy. In the same case, since not only the energy charged in the battery 20 but also the energy generated by the generator 30 can be supplied to the electric motor at the same time, there is an advantage in preventing the driving output of the vehicle from deteriorating.

9 illustrates an electric vehicle capable of 4-wheel steering according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, an electric vehicle capable of four-wheel steering according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 9 .

Referring to FIG. 9 , an electric vehicle capable of four-wheel steering includes a first axle, a first steering shaft, a second axle, a second steering shaft, and a steering guide bar. Of course, other configurations other than the above configuration may be included in the electric vehicle capable of 4-wheel steering proposed in the present invention.

The first axle 902 is located at the front end of the electric vehicle, and two front wheels located at the front end are fastened. One end of the first axle 902 is indirectly coupled to the first front wheel, and the other end of the first axle 902 is indirectly coupled to the second front wheel. The first steering shaft 906 is connected to the first axle 902 using connecting

members

912 and 914 . One end of the first steering shaft 906 is hingedly connected to one end of the first connecting member 912, and a bending point of the first connecting member 912 is hingedly connected to one end of the first axle 902. The other end of the first connecting member 912 is connected to one end of the first axle 902 and the first front wheel is fastened at the same time. The other end of the first steering shaft 906 is hingedly connected to one end of the second connecting member 914, and the bent point of the second connecting member 914 is hingedly connected to the other end of the first axle 902. The other end of the second connecting member 914 is connected to the other end of the first axle 902 and the second front wheel is engaged at the same time. As shown in FIG. 9 , the first front wheel and the second front wheel are steered by left and right movement of the first steering shaft 906 .

To elaborate, the connecting member has a bending point bent at a certain angle, and is hinged to the self-axis at the bending point, and the other end of the connecting member is fastened to the front wheel.

The second axle 904 is located at the rear end of the electric vehicle, and two rear wheels located at the rear end are fastened. One end of the second axle 904 is indirectly coupled to the first rear wheel, and the other end of the second axle 904 is indirectly coupled to the second rear wheel. The second steering shaft 908 is connected to the second axle 904 using connecting members 9016 and 918. One end of the second steering shaft 908 is hingedly connected to one end of the third connecting member 916, and a bent point of the third connecting member 916 is hingedly connected to one end of the second axle 904. The other end of the third connecting member 916 is connected to one end of the second axle 904 and coupled to the first rear wheel at the same time. The other end of the second steering shaft 908 is hingedly connected to one end of the fourth connecting member 918, and the bending point of the fourth connecting member 918 is hingedly connected to the other end of the second axle 904. The other end of the fourth connecting member 918 is connected to the other end of the second axle 904 and coupled to the second rear wheel.

The steering guide bar 910 is fastened to the first steering shaft 906 and the second steering shaft 908 . One end of the steering guide bar 910 is fastened to the first steering shaft 906 , and the other end of the steering guide bar 910 is fastened to the second steering shaft 908 . In particular, the steering guide bar 910 is fastened to a left point of the first steering shaft 906 based on the center point, and is fastened to a right point of the second steering shaft 908 based on the center point.

Accordingly, by counterclockwise rotation of the steering guide bar 910, the first steering shaft 906 moves to the left and the second steering shaft 908 moves to the right. In addition, by clockwise rotation of the steering guide bar 910, the first steering shaft 906 moves to the right, and the second steering shaft 908 moves to the left. As such, the present invention proposes an electric vehicle capable of four-wheel steering using a steering shaft and a steering guide bar.

Even though all components constituting the embodiments of the present invention described above are described as being combined or operated as one, the present invention is not necessarily limited to these embodiments. That is, within the scope of the object of the present invention, all of the components may be selectively combined with one or more to operate. In addition, although all of the components may be implemented as a single independent piece of hardware, some or all of the components are selectively combined to perform some or all of the combined functions in one or a plurality of pieces of hardware. It may be implemented as a computer program having. In addition, such a computer program can implement an embodiment of the present invention by being stored in a computer readable medium such as a USB memory, a CD disk, a flash memory, etc. and read and executed by a computer. A recording medium of a computer program may include a magnetic recording medium, an optical recording medium, a carrier wave medium, and the like.

In addition, all terms, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless otherwise defined in the detailed description. Commonly used terms, such as terms defined in a dictionary, should be interpreted as being consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art, and unless explicitly defined in the present invention, they are not interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning.

The above description is merely an example of the technical idea of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications, changes, and substitutions without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. will be. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention and the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the technical idea of the present invention, but to explain, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments and the accompanying drawings. . The protection scope of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the equivalent range should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

In an electric vehicle having a front wheel and a rear wheel,

an electric motor driving the front wheel;

a battery storing electric energy for driving the electric motor;

a generator that converts rotational energy of the rear wheel into electrical energy and supplies electrical energy to the battery or the electric motor;

a flywheel connected to the rear wheel through a first pulley and connected to the generator through a second pulley; and

A controller that monitors and controls the charge/discharge state of the battery, monitors the required power of the electric motor, and controls the electrical energy generated by the generator to be charged to the battery or directly supplied to the electric motor,

The rear wheel and the flywheel have substantially the same gear ratio and are connected to the first pulley, and the flywheel and the generator have a higher gear ratio of the flywheel and are connected to the second pulley. An electric vehicle equipped with a high-efficiency generator that can be steered.
The method of claim 1, wherein the controller,

The battery is operated in a discharge mode from a stop state of the vehicle to a predetermined speed or less, and the charged electrical energy is controlled to be supplied to the motor.

When the predetermined speed is exceeded, a high-efficiency generator capable of four-wheel steering is mounted so that the battery is operated in a charging mode so that the electric energy generated by the generator is charged to the battery through the rotational force of the rear wheel. electric vehicle.
The method of claim 1, wherein the controller,

When the driving condition of the vehicle is monitored and the electric energy required by the electric motor exceeds a predetermined range, the electric energy charged in the battery and the electric energy generated by the generator are calculated to determine the amount of electric energy required by the electric motor, respectively. An electric vehicle equipped with a high-efficiency generator capable of four-wheel steering, characterized in that the electric energy is distributed to the battery and the generator and controlled to supply electric energy from the battery and the generator to the electric motor at the same time.
According to claim 1,

The gear ratio of the rear wheel and the flywheel is approximately 1:1,

An electric vehicle equipped with a high-efficiency generator capable of four-wheel steering, characterized in that the gear ratio of the flywheel and the generator is composed of approximately 2:1.
The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the electric motor is an in-wheel motor included in the front wheel.
According to claim 1,

The front wheel includes a first front wheel and a second front wheel,

The rear wheel includes a first rear wheel and a second rear wheel,

The first front wheel is connected to the other end of the first connecting member having a bending point bent between one end and the other end,

The bending point of the first connecting member is hingedly fastened with one end of the first axle, and one end of the first connecting member is hingedly fastened with one end of the first steering shaft,

The second front wheel is connected to the other end of the second connecting member having a bending point bent between one end and the other end,

The bending point of the second connecting member is hinged with the other end of the first axle, and one end of the second connecting member is hinged with the other end of the first steering shaft,

The first rear wheel is connected to the other end of the second connecting member having a bending point bent between one end and the other end,

The bending point of the third connecting member is hingedly fastened with one end of the second axle, and one end of the third connecting member is hingedly fastened with one end of the second steering shaft,

The second rear wheel is connected to the other end of the fourth connecting member having a bending point bent between one end and the other end,

The bending point of the fourth connecting member is hinged with the other end of the second axle, and one end of the fourth connecting member is hinged with the other end of the second steering shaft. An electric vehicle equipped with a high-efficiency generator capable of four-wheel steering.
According to claim 6,

One end is fastened at a point on the left side of the center point of the first steering shaft,

An electric vehicle equipped with a high-efficiency generator capable of four-wheel steering, characterized in that it includes a steering guide bar to which the other end is fastened at a point on the right side of the central point of the second steering shaft.