WO2022255191A1 - 成膜方法及び成膜装置 - Google Patents
成膜方法及び成膜装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022255191A1 WO2022255191A1 PCT/JP2022/021412 JP2022021412W WO2022255191A1 WO 2022255191 A1 WO2022255191 A1 WO 2022255191A1 JP 2022021412 W JP2022021412 W JP 2022021412W WO 2022255191 A1 WO2022255191 A1 WO 2022255191A1
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- C23C16/45536—Use of plasma, radiation or electromagnetic fields
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a film forming method and a film forming apparatus.
- the film formation method described in Patent Document 1 includes steps of preparing a substrate having a first region where a first material is exposed and a second region where a second material different from the first material is exposed; a step of selectively forming a desired target film on the first region of the region and the second region; and removing the product formed in the area.
- a first region is selectively exposed in a first region out of a first region where a first film is exposed and a second region where a second film formed of a material different from that of the first film is exposed.
- a film formation method of one aspect of the present disclosure includes the following (A) to (D).
- (A) Prepare a substrate having, on its surface, a first region where a first film is exposed and a second region where a second film made of a material different from the first film is exposed.
- (B) forming a step on the surface so that the first region is higher than the second region;
- (C) supplying a liquid to the surface on which the step is formed;
- a film in a first region out of a first region where a first film is exposed and a second region where a second film formed of a material different from that of the first film is exposed, A film can be selectively formed.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a film forming method according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of step S1.
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the first stage of step S2.
- FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the second stage of step S2.
- FIG. 2D is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the third stage of step S2.
- FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of step S3.
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the first stage of step S4.
- FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the second stage of step S4.
- FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing an example immediately before step S7.
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing an example immediately after step S7.
- FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of step S1.
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of step S2.
- FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of step S3.
- FIG. 5D is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the first stage of step S4.
- FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the second stage of step S4.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example immediately before step S7.
- FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view showing a modification immediately after step S7.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a film forming apparatus according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 8A is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 1, which is an SEM photograph after step S3 and before step S4.
- FIG. 8B is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 1, which is an SEM photograph during step S4.
- FIG. 8C is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 1, after step S4.
- FIG. 9A is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 2, after step S3 and before step S4.
- FIG. 9B is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 2, which is the SEM photograph after step S4.
- FIG. 9A is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 2, after step S3 and before step S4.
- FIG. 9B is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 2, which is the SEM photograph after step S4.
- FIG. 8A is an SEM photograph of the substrate
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the processing time of step S9 (Table 2) and the thickness of the liquid in the recess according to Example 3.
- FIG. 11A is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 4 after processing.
- FIG. 11B is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 5 after processing.
- FIG. 11C is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 6 after processing.
- FIG. 11D is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 7 after processing.
- FIG. 12A is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 8 after processing. 12B is a post-processing SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 9.
- FIG. 12C is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 10 after processing.
- FIG. 13A is an SEM photograph of a substrate according to Example 11 after processing.
- FIG. 13B is a post-processing SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 12.
- FIG. 14A is an SEM photograph of a substrate according to Example 13 after processing.
- 14B is a post-processing SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 14.
- FIG. 15 is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 17 after processing.
- FIG. 16 is an SEM photograph of the substrate according to Example 18 after processing.
- the film forming method has steps S1 to S7, for example, as shown in FIG. Note that the film formation method should have at least steps S1 to S4. Also, the film forming method may further include steps other than steps S1 to S7.
- a substrate W is prepared as shown in FIG. 2A.
- a substrate W having, on its surface, a first region A1 where a first film W1 is exposed and a second region A2 where a second film W2 made of a material different from that of the first film W1 is exposed is prepared.
- the first area A1 and the second area A2 are provided on one side of the substrate W in the thickness direction.
- the first area A1 and the second area A2 do not have to have a step at the boundary, and may be flush with each other.
- the substrate W includes, for example, a silicon wafer (not shown), and a first film W1 and a second film W2 are formed on the silicon wafer.
- Substrate W may comprise a compound semiconductor wafer or a glass substrate instead of a silicon wafer.
- Compound semiconductor wafers are not particularly limited, but are, for example, GaAs wafers, SiC wafers, GaN wafers, or InP wafers.
- the first film W1 is, for example, an insulating film.
- the insulating film is, for example, a SiO film, SiN film, SiCO film, SiCN film, SiON film, or SiC film.
- the SiO film means a film containing silicon (Si) and oxygen (O).
- the atomic ratio of Si and O in the SiO film is not limited to 1:1. The same applies to the SiO film, SiN film, SiCO film, SiCN film, SiON film, or SiC film.
- the second film W2 is, for example, a conductive film.
- the conductive film is a metal film or a metal nitride film.
- a metal film is, for example, a Cu film, a Ru film, a Co film, a W film, or a Ti film.
- the metal nitride film is, for example, a TiN film or a TaN film.
- the TiN film means a film containing titanium (Ti) and nitrogen (N). The atomic ratio of Ti and N in the TiN film is not limited to 1:1. The same is true for the TaN film.
- the first film W1 is an insulating film and the second film W2 is a conductive film.
- W2 may be an insulating film.
- the number of the first regions A1 is one in FIG. 2A, but may be plural.
- two first regions A1 may be arranged so as to sandwich the second region A2.
- the first area A1 and the second area A2 are adjacent in FIG. 2A, they may be separated.
- the substrate W may have a third area (not shown) on its surface in addition to the first area A1 and the second area A2.
- the third region is a region where a third film made of a material different from that of the first film W1 and the second film W2 is exposed.
- the third area may be arranged between the first area A1 and the second area A2, or may be arranged outside the first area A1 and the second area A2.
- the substrate W may further have a third region where a barrier film (not shown) is exposed on its surface.
- the third area is formed between the first area A1 and the second area A2.
- the barrier film is formed along the recess of the insulating film and suppresses metal diffusion from the metal film embedded in the recess of the insulating film to the insulating film.
- the barrier film is not particularly limited, it is, for example, a TaN film or a TiN film.
- the substrate W may further have a fourth region on its surface where a liner film (not shown) is exposed.
- the fourth area is formed between the second area A2 and the third area.
- a liner film is formed over the barrier film to assist in the formation of the metal film.
- a metal film is formed over the liner film.
- the liner film is not particularly limited, it is, for example, a Co film or a Ru film.
- step S2 of FIG. 1 steps are formed on the surface of the substrate W so that the first area A1 is higher than the second area A2, as shown in FIGS. 2B to 2D.
- a self-assembled monolayer (Self-Assembled Monolayer) is selectively applied to the first region A1 and the second region A2. :SAM) to form W3.
- the organic compound is supplied in a gaseous state in this embodiment, it may be supplied in a liquid state.
- the organic compound that is the raw material of the self-assembled monolayer W3 is appropriately selected according to the materials of the first film W1 and the second film W2.
- the organic compound is, for example, a thiol-based compound.
- a thiol-based compound is, for example, a compound represented by the general formula R—SH.
- a thiol group (SH) is more easily chemisorbed on a conductive film than on an insulating film.
- R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and part of hydrogen may be replaced with halogen.
- Halogen includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and the like.
- step S2 as shown in FIG. 2C, the self-assembled monolayer W3 is used to inhibit the formation of the second insulating film W4 in the second region A2, and the second insulating film W4 is formed in the first region A1.
- the second insulating film W4 is formed by, for example, a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method or an ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) method.
- the second insulating film W4 is, for example, a SiO film, AlO film, SiN film, ZrO film, HfO film, or the like.
- the AlO film means a film containing aluminum (Al) and oxygen (O).
- the atomic ratio of Al and O in the AlO film is not limited to 1:1. The same is true for the SiO film, SiN film, ZrO film, and HfO film.
- the second insulating film W4 may be made of the same material as the insulating film that is the first film W1, or may be made of a different material.
- an Al-containing gas such as TMA (trimethylaluminum) gas and an oxidizing gas such as water vapor (H 2 O gas) are alternately supplied to the surface of the substrate W.
- TMA trimethylaluminum
- H 2 O gas water vapor
- a modifying gas such as hydrogen gas may be supplied to the substrate W in addition to the Al-containing gas and the oxidizing gas.
- These source gases may be plasmatized to promote chemical reactions. Also, these source gases may be heated to promote chemical reactions.
- Hf-containing gas such as tetrakisdimethylamide hafnium (TDMAH:Hf[N(CH 3 ) 2 ] 4 ) gas and oxidizing gas such as water vapor (H 2 O gas) are The surface of the substrate W is supplied alternately. Since water vapor does not adsorb to the hydrophobic self-assembled monolayer W3, HfO selectively deposits on the first region A1.
- a modifying gas such as hydrogen gas may be supplied to the substrate W in addition to the Hf-containing gas and the oxidizing gas.
- These source gases may be plasmatized to promote chemical reactions. Also, these source gases may be heated to promote chemical reactions.
- Step S2 also includes removing the self-assembled monolayer W3, as shown in FIG. 2D.
- the removing method may be a general one, and for example, a method of ashing with ozone or the like is used. Alternatively, plasma hydrogen, plasma oxygen, or plasma ammonia may be used for removal.
- the second insulating film W4 may protrude laterally from the first region A1. As the film thickness of the second insulating film W4 increases, the second insulating film W4 tends to protrude in the lateral direction. If the second insulating film W4 is etched, the portion of the second insulating film W4 protruding laterally from the first region A1 can be removed, but the film thickness of the second insulating film W4 becomes thin.
- the steps formed in step S2 are extended as described later.
- the substrate surface Wa before expanding the step includes adjacent concave portions Wb and convex portions Wc.
- the recess Wb is a trench, hole, or the like. Holes include via holes.
- the protrusions Wc may be pillars, fins, or the like.
- the substrate surface Wa includes, for example, a bottom surface Wb1 of the recess, a side surface Wb2 of the recess, and a top surface Wc1 of the protrusion.
- the projection top surface Wc1 is a flat surface
- the recess Wb is recessed from the projection top surface Wc1.
- the depth of the concave portion Wb represents the size of the step.
- the bottom surface Wb1 of the recess is formed of a conductive film, which is the second film W2.
- the side surface Wb2 of the concave portion and the top surface Wc1 of the convex portion are formed by the second insulating film W4.
- step S3 of FIG. 1 the liquid L is supplied to the substrate surface Wa as shown in FIG. 3A.
- the liquid L fills only the recess Wb in FIG. 3A and does not cover the top surface Wc1 of the protrusion, but may overflow from the recess Wb and cover the top surface Wc1 of the protrusion.
- the liquid L preferably has a strong intermolecular force.
- the stronger the intermolecular force the stronger the cohesive force. If the cohesive force of the liquid L is large, evaporation of the liquid L can be prevented.
- the intermolecular force of liquid L is, for example, 30 kJ/mol or more.
- Liquid L is, for example, a halide.
- a liquid halide is formed, for example, by reaction between a halide source gas and a reaction gas that reacts with the source gas.
- the generation of the liquid L may be promoted by plasmatizing both the raw material gas and the reaction gas, or by converting the reaction gas into plasma.
- the raw material gas is, for example, TiCl4 gas
- the reaction gas is, for example, H2 gas.
- TiCl4 gas and H2 gas are generally used for Ti film formation, not for liquid L formation.
- the Ti film is formed by, for example, a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method or an ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) method.
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- TiCl 4 gas and H 2 gas are supplied to the substrate W at the same time.
- ALD ALD
- TiCl 4 gas and H 2 gas are supplied to the substrate W alternately. According to the CVD method or the ALD method, the following formulas (1) to (3) are presumed to contribute to the formation of the Ti film.
- the temperature of the substrate W is controlled to 400°C or higher.
- the reactions of the above formulas (1) to (3) proceed sequentially to form a Ti film.
- the temperature of the substrate W is controlled to -100°C to 390°C, preferably 20°C to 350°C.
- the reaction of the above formula (2) and the reaction of the above formula (3) are suppressed, so that the liquid L containing TiH x Cl y is formed.
- Liquid L may comprise Ti, TiCl, TiCl2 , TiCl3 , or TiCl4 .
- the temperature of the substrate W should be lower than the decomposition point of the liquid L.
- the raw material gas is not limited to the TiCl4 gas.
- the raw material gas can be silicon halide gas such as SiCl4 gas, Si2Cl6 gas, SiHCl3 gas, or WCl4 gas, VCl4 gas, AlCl3 gas, MoCl5 gas, SnCl4 gas, GeCl4 gas. It may be a metal halide gas such as.
- the source gas may contain halogen, and may contain bromine (Br), iodine (I), fluorine (F), or the like instead of chlorine (Cl). If the temperature of the substrate W is low, these source gases also mainly undergo the same reaction as in the above formula (1), so that the halide liquid L is formed.
- reaction gas is not limited to H2 gas. Any reaction gas may be used as long as it can form the liquid L by reaction with the raw material gas.
- the reactive gas may be D2 gas.
- the reactive gas may be supplied with an inert gas such as argon gas.
- Step S3 includes supplying the source gas and the reaction gas to the substrate W at the same time, for example.
- step S3 may further include converting both the source gas and the reaction gas into plasma.
- Plasmaization can promote the reaction between the raw material gas and the reaction gas.
- plasma generation facilitates the formation of the liquid L at a low substrate temperature.
- step S3 includes supplying the source gas and the reaction gas to the substrate W simultaneously in this embodiment, but may include supplying the source gas and the reaction gas to the substrate W alternately. In the latter case, step S3 may further include plasmatizing the reactive gas. Plasmaization can promote the reaction between the raw material gas and the reaction gas. In addition, plasma generation facilitates the formation of the liquid L at a low substrate temperature. Further, step S3 may include supplying the substrate W with only the source gas.
- the liquid L may have a strong intermolecular force, and may be an ionic liquid, a liquid metal, or a liquid polymer.
- the metal may be a pure metal or an alloy.
- Polymers are , for example, Si2Cl6 gas , SiCl4 gas, SiHCl3 gas , SiH2Cl2 gas, SiH3Cl gas , SiH4 gas , Si2H6 gas, Si3H8 gas, Si4H10 gas, cyclohexasilane gas, tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) gas, dimethyldiethoxysilane (DMDEOS) gas, 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (TMCTS) gas, trisilylamine (TSA) gas, etc.
- TEOS tetraethoxysilane
- DMDEOS dimethyldiethoxysilane
- TSA trisilylamine
- liquid L may be silanol or the like.
- step S4 of FIG. 1 as shown in FIG. 3B, a processing gas G that chemically changes the liquid L is supplied to the substrate surface Wa, and the reaction between the processing gas G and the liquid L causes the liquid L to move from the concave portions Wb to the tops of the convex portions.
- the step on the substrate surface Wa is expanded.
- the size of the step is represented by the depth of the recess Wb.
- the film W5 may also be formed on the recess side surface Wb2 as shown in FIG. 3C. If the thickness of the film W5 on the side surface Wb2 of the recess is smaller than the thickness of the film W5 on the top surface Wc1 of the projection, for example, even if the film W5 is isotropically etched, the step on the substrate surface Wa can be expanded by forming the film W5. .
- the film W5 may also be formed on the bottom surface Wb1 of the recess. If the thickness of the film W5 on the bottom surface Wb1 of the concave portion is thinner than the thickness of the film W5 on the top surface Wc1 of the convex portion, the step on the substrate surface Wa can be expanded.
- the film W5 may be solid or viscous.
- the thickness of the film W5 can be controlled by the amount of liquid L supplied.
- the film W5 may have insulating properties.
- the insulating film W5 is hereinafter also referred to as a third insulating film W5.
- the third insulating film W5 is, for example, a metal oxide film or a metal nitride film.
- the processing gas G is supplied, for example, from above the substrate surface Wa and reacts with the liquid L.
- the liquid L reacts with the processing gas G and chemically changes. Since the chemical change gradually progresses from the surface of the liquid L, a difference in surface tension occurs, and volumetric expansion or contraction occurs from the surface of the liquid L, causing the liquid L to become unstable and generate convection. . Since the surface of the liquid L changes into a substance with high surface tension due to the reaction with the processing gas G, the liquid L moves toward the convex top surface Wc1. In addition, the liquid L moves toward the top surface Wc1 of the convex portion, being dragged by the increase and decrease in volume due to the chemical change on the surface of the liquid L. As shown in FIG. Although not shown, all of the liquid L may eventually move to the top surface Wc1 of the convex portion by reaction with the processing gas G.
- the processing gas G contains elements that are taken into the liquid L by reaction with the liquid L, for example.
- the processing gas G contains elements that are incorporated into the film W5.
- oxygen in the processing gas G is taken into the liquid L to obtain a film W5 that is an oxide.
- nitrogen in the processing gas G is incorporated into the liquid L to obtain a nitride film W5. It is sufficient that the elements in the processing gas G are taken into the liquid L, and in the process, the elements forming the liquid L may be degassed.
- the processing gas G contains an oxygen-containing gas.
- the oxygen-containing gas contains oxygen as an element to be taken into the liquid L.
- the oxygen-containing gas may further contain nitrogen as an element to be incorporated into the liquid L.
- Oxygen-containing gas includes, for example, O2 gas, O3 gas, H2O gas, NO gas, or N2O gas.
- the processing gas G may contain a nitrogen-containing gas.
- the nitrogen-containing gas contains nitrogen as an element to be taken into the liquid L.
- Nitrogen-containing gases include, for example , N2 gas, NH3 gas , N2H4 gas, or N2H2 gas.
- the process gas G may include a hydride gas.
- the hydride gas contains hydrogen-bonded elements such as Si, Ge, B, C or P as elements incorporated into the liquid L.
- the hydride gas includes, for example, a hydrocarbon gas such as SiH4 gas, Si2H6 gas , GeH4 gas, B2H6 gas , C2H4 gas, or PH3 gas.
- the processing gas G may react with the liquid L to degas the elements that make up the liquid L.
- the processing gas G contains reducing gas.
- the reducing gas is, for example, hydrogen (H 2 ) gas or deuterium (D 2 ) gas.
- the processing gas G may be supplied together with an inert gas such as argon gas.
- Step S4 may include turning the processing gas G into plasma.
- the reaction between the processing gas G and the liquid L can be promoted by plasmatization.
- step S5 of FIG. 1 the film W5 formed in step S4 is modified.
- the film W5 after modification is superior in chemical resistance to the film W5 before modification.
- the film W5 after modification has a lower etching rate with respect to dilute hydrofluoric acid (DHF) than the film W5 before modification.
- DHF dilute hydrofluoric acid
- the modification of the film W5 includes, for example, at least one of the following (A) to (B).
- the densification of the film W5 can be realized, for example, by terminating dangling bonds of the film W5 with elements contained in the reforming gas, or by promoting bonding between existing elements in the film W5.
- the reforming gas may be supplied to the film W5.
- the reformed gas of S5 and the processing gas G of S4 are the same gas, they are supplied under different conditions. Specifically, for example, the processing gas G is not plasmatized while the reforming gas is plasmatized. Alternatively, the reformed gas is supplied at a higher temperature or pressure than the processing gas G.
- the reformed gas in S5 and the processing gas G in S4 may be different gases.
- the processing gas G is nitrogen gas that is plasmatized, while the reforming gas is ammonia (NH 3 ) gas that is plasmatized or hydrazine (N 2 H 4 ) gas.
- the processing gas G is oxygen (O 2 ) gas, while the reformed gas is ozone (O 3 ) gas or water vapor (H 2 O).
- step S6 of FIG. 1 it is confirmed whether or not the first cycle has been performed M times (M is an integer equal to or greater than 1).
- M is an integer equal to or greater than 1).
- One first cycle includes steps S3 to S5. Note that the first cycle may include at least steps S3 to S4 and may not include step S5.
- M may be an integer of 2 or greater.
- step S6 NO If the number of times the first cycle is performed is less than M (step S6, NO), the size of the step on the substrate surface Wa is less than the target value, so the first cycle is performed again.
- M is not particularly limited, it is, for example, 2-30, preferably 5-20.
- the adjacent concave side surfaces Wb2 should not be connected to each other, and the concave portion Wb should not be closed. This is because if the concave portion Wb is closed, the step will disappear.
- the upper limit of M is set so that the recess Wb is not blocked.
- step S6 if the number of times the first cycle has been performed has reached M (step S6, YES), the size of the step on the substrate surface Wa has reached the target value, so the processes after step S7 are performed.
- An example of the substrate W immediately before step S7 is shown in FIG. 4A, and an example of the substrate W immediately after step S7 is shown in FIG. 4B.
- step S7 of FIG. 1 part of the film W5 is etched.
- etching as shown in FIG. 4B, portions of the second insulating film W4 and the third insulating film W5 protruding from the first region A1 can be removed.
- the bottom surface Wb1 of the recess is formed of the conductive film that is the second film W2
- the side surface Wb2 of the recess is formed of the second insulating film W4 and the third insulating film W5
- the top surface Wc1 of the protrusion is formed of the third insulating film W5. It is formed.
- the third insulating film W5 is formed on the second insulating film W4 before etching the portion of the second insulating film W4 protruding from the first region A1.
- the thickness of the insulating film can be increased by the third insulating film W5, and the reduction in thickness of the insulating film due to etching can be dealt with. As a result, the thickness of the insulating film can be increased without protruding from the first region A1.
- the etching may be either isotropic etching or anisotropic etching.
- a combination of isotropic and anisotropic etching may be used.
- the isotropic etching can etch not only the recess bottom surface Wb1 and the projection top surface Wc1, but also the recess side surface Wb2, and can remove the portion protruding from the first region A1.
- anisotropic etching can selectively etch the bottom surface Wb1 of the recess and the top surface Wc1 of the protrusion with respect to the side surface Wb2 of the recess.
- Etching may be either dry etching or wet etching, but dry etching is preferred.
- dry etching an etching gas is supplied to the substrate surface Wa.
- H 2 gas, O 2 gas, NH 3 gas, or the like may be supplied to the substrate surface Wa together with the etching gas.
- the etching gas is, for example, Cl 2 gas, ClF 3 gas, F 2 gas, or HF gas.
- the plasmatized etching gas includes, for example, Cl2 gas, CF4 gas, CHF3 gas, C4F8 gas, or SF6 gas.
- Etching may be performed by alternately supplying an etching gas and a reaction gas like ALE (Atomic Layer Etching).
- a reaction gas like ALE (Atomic Layer Etching).
- an etching gas for example, Cl2 gas , CF4 gas, C4F8 gas, WF6 gas, or the like is used.
- Ar gas, He gas, H2 gas, BCl3 gas, etc. are used as the reaction gas.
- the reactive gas may be plasmatized and supplied.
- the second cycle is composed of M first cycles and step S7 performed after the M first cycles. Although the second cycle is performed only once in FIG. 1, it may be performed multiple times. Further, etching may be performed after performing the second cycle a plurality of times. Ultimately, it is only necessary to remove portions of the second insulating film W4 and the third insulating film W5 protruding from the first region A1.
- step S2 in the above embodiment includes selectively forming the second insulating film W4 in the first region A1 with respect to the second region A2.
- step S2 of the following modification includes selectively etching the second area A2 with respect to the first area A1, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B.
- the step formed in step S2 is expanded.
- the substrate surface Wa before expanding the step includes adjacent concave portions Wb and convex portions Wc.
- the recess Wb is a trench, hole, or the like. Holes include via holes.
- the protrusions Wc may be pillars, fins, or the like.
- the substrate surface Wa includes, for example, a bottom surface Wb1 of the recess, a side surface Wb2 of the recess, and a top surface Wc1 of the protrusion.
- the projection top surface Wc1 is a flat surface
- the recess Wb is recessed from the projection top surface Wc1.
- the depth of the concave portion Wb represents the size of the step.
- the bottom surface Wb1 of the recess is formed of a conductive film, which is the second film W2.
- the side surface Wb2 of the concave portion and the top surface Wc1 of the convex portion are formed by the insulating film, which is the first film W1.
- Steps S3 to S7 are the same as in the above embodiment, so a detailed description will be omitted and a brief description will be given.
- step S3 as shown in FIG. 5C, the liquid L is supplied to the substrate surface Wa.
- step S4 as shown in FIG. 5D, a processing gas G that chemically changes the liquid L is supplied to the substrate surface Wa, and the reaction between the processing gas G and the liquid L causes the liquid L to flow from the concave portions Wb to the convex portion top surfaces Wc1.
- the third insulating film W5 is formed on the top surface Wc1 of the projection, thereby expanding the step on the substrate surface Wa.
- step S5 the third insulating film W5 formed in step S4 is modified.
- step S6 it is checked whether or not the first cycle has been performed M times (M is an integer equal to or greater than 1). If the number of times the first cycle is performed is less than M (step S6, NO), the step size of the substrate surface Wa is less than the target value, so the first cycle is performed again. On the other hand, if the number of times the first cycle has been performed has reached M (step S6, YES), the size of the step on the substrate surface Wa has reached the target value, so the processes after step S7 are performed.
- An example of the substrate W immediately before step S7 is shown in FIG. 6B, and an example of the substrate W immediately after step S7 is shown in FIG. 6C.
- step S7 part of the third insulating film W5 is etched.
- the portion of the third insulating film W5 protruding from the first region A1 can be removed.
- the bottom surface Wb1 of the recess is formed of the conductive film, which is the second film W2
- the side surface Wb2 of the recess is formed of the insulating film, which is the first film W1
- the third insulating film W5 is formed of the third insulating film. It is formed by membrane W5.
- the film forming apparatus 1 includes a substantially cylindrical airtight processing container 2 .
- An exhaust chamber 21 is provided in the central portion of the bottom wall of the processing container 2 .
- the exhaust chamber 21 has, for example, a substantially cylindrical shape protruding downward.
- An exhaust pipe 22 is connected to the exhaust chamber 21 , for example, on the side surface of the exhaust chamber 21 .
- An exhaust section 24 is connected to the exhaust pipe 22 via a pressure adjustment section 23 .
- the pressure adjustment unit 23 includes, for example, a pressure adjustment valve such as a butterfly valve.
- the exhaust pipe 22 is configured such that the inside of the processing container 2 can be decompressed by the exhaust part 24 .
- a transfer port 25 is provided on the side surface of the processing container 2 .
- the transfer port 25 is opened and closed by a gate valve 26 .
- Substrates W are carried in and out between the processing container 2 and a transfer chamber (not shown) through a transfer port 25 .
- a stage 3 is provided in the processing container 2 .
- the stage 3 is a holder that horizontally holds the substrate W with the surface Wa of the substrate W facing upward.
- the stage 3 has a substantially circular shape in plan view and is supported by a support member 31 .
- the surface of the stage 3 is formed with a substantially circular recess 32 for placing a substrate W having a diameter of 300 mm, for example.
- the recess 32 has an inner diameter slightly larger than the substrate W diameter.
- the depth of the concave portion 32 is substantially the same as the thickness of the substrate W, for example.
- the stage 3 is made of a ceramic material such as aluminum nitride (AlN). Also, the stage 3 may be made of a metal material such as nickel (Ni).
- a guide ring for guiding the substrate W may be provided on the periphery of the surface of the stage 3 instead of the concave portion 32 .
- a grounded lower electrode 33 is embedded in the stage 3, for example.
- a heating mechanism 34 is embedded under the lower electrode 33 .
- the heating mechanism 34 heats the substrate W placed on the stage 3 to a set temperature by receiving power from a power supply (not shown) based on a control signal from the control unit 100 .
- the entire stage 3 is made of metal, the entire stage 3 functions as a lower electrode, so the lower electrode 33 does not have to be embedded in the stage 3 .
- the stage 3 is provided with a plurality of (for example, three) lifting pins 41 for holding and lifting the substrate W placed on the stage 3 .
- the material of the lifting pins 41 may be, for example, ceramics such as alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), quartz, or the like.
- a lower end of the lifting pin 41 is attached to a support plate 42 .
- the support plate 42 is connected to an elevating mechanism 44 provided outside the processing container 2 via an elevating shaft 43 .
- the elevating mechanism 44 is installed, for example, in the lower part of the exhaust chamber 21.
- the bellows 45 is provided between the lifting mechanism 44 and an opening 211 for the lifting shaft 43 formed on the lower surface of the exhaust chamber 21 .
- the shape of the support plate 42 may be a shape that allows it to move up and down without interfering with the support member 31 of the stage 3 .
- the elevating pin 41 is configured to be vertically movable between above the surface of the stage 3 and below the surface of the stage 3 by means of an elevating mechanism 44 .
- a gas supply unit 5 is provided on the ceiling wall 27 of the processing container 2 via an insulating member 28 .
- the gas supply unit 5 forms an upper electrode and faces the lower electrode 33 .
- a high-frequency power source 512 is connected to the gas supply unit 5 via a matching device 511 .
- a high frequency is generated between the upper electrode (gas supply unit 5) and the lower electrode 33.
- An electric field is generated and a capacitively coupled plasma is generated.
- the plasma generator 51 includes a matching box 511 and a high frequency power supply 512 .
- the plasma generator 51 is not limited to capacitively coupled plasma, and may generate other plasma such as inductively coupled plasma.
- the gas supply unit 5 has a hollow gas supply chamber 52 .
- a large number of holes 53 for distributing and supplying the processing gas into the processing container 2 are arranged, for example, evenly on the lower surface of the gas supply chamber 52 .
- a heating mechanism 54 is embedded above, for example, the gas supply chamber 52 in the gas supply unit 5 .
- the heating mechanism 54 is heated to a set temperature by receiving power from a power supply (not shown) based on a control signal from the control unit 100 .
- a gas supply path 6 is provided in the gas supply chamber 52 .
- the gas supply path 6 communicates with the gas supply chamber 52 .
- Gas sources G61, G62, G63, G64, G65 and G66 are connected upstream of the gas supply path 6 via gas lines L61, L62, L63, L64, L65 and L66, respectively.
- a gas source G61 is a TiCl 4 gas source and is connected to the gas supply path 6 via a gas line L61.
- the gas line L61 is provided with a mass flow controller M61, a storage tank T61 and a valve V61 in this order from the gas source G61 side.
- a mass flow controller M61 controls the flow rate of the TiCl4 gas flowing through the gas line L61.
- the storage tank T61 can store the TiCl 4 gas supplied from the gas source G61 through the gas line L61 and increase the pressure of the TiCl 4 gas in the storage tank T61 with the valve V61 closed.
- the valve V61 supplies/shuts off the TiCl4 gas to the gas supply path 6 by opening/closing operation.
- a gas source G62 is an Ar gas source and is connected to the gas supply path 6 via a gas line L62.
- the gas line L62 is provided with a mass flow controller M62 and a valve V62 in this order from the gas source G62 side.
- a mass flow controller M62 controls the flow rate of Ar gas flowing through the gas line L62.
- the valve V62 performs the supply/shutoff of the Ar gas to the gas supply path 6 by the opening/closing operation.
- a gas source G63 is an O 2 gas source and is connected to the gas supply path 6 via a gas line L63.
- the gas line L63 is provided with a mass flow controller M63 and a valve V63 in this order from the gas source G63 side.
- a mass flow controller M63 controls the flow rate of O 2 gas flowing through the gas line L63.
- the valve V63 performs the supply/shutoff of the O2 gas to the gas supply path 6 by the opening/closing operation.
- a gas source G64 is a gas source for H 2 and is connected to the gas supply path 6 via a gas line L64.
- the gas line L64 is provided with a mass flow controller M64 and a valve V64 in this order from the gas source G64 side.
- a mass flow controller M64 controls the flow rate of H2 gas flowing through the gas line L64.
- the valve V64 performs the supply/shutoff of the H2 gas to the gas supply path 6 by the opening/closing operation.
- a gas source G65 is a ClF 3 gas source and is connected to the gas supply path 6 via a gas line L65.
- the gas line L65 is provided with a mass flow controller M65 and a valve V65 in this order from the gas source G65 side.
- a mass flow controller M65 controls the flow rate of ClF 3 gas flowing through the gas line L65.
- the valve V65 performs the supply/shutoff of the ClF3 gas to the gas supply path 6 by opening/closing operation.
- a gas source G66 is a gas source for gas for a step, and is connected to the gas supply path 6 via a gas line L66.
- the gas line L66 is provided with a mass flow controller M66 and a valve V66 in this order from the gas source G66 side.
- the mass flow controller M66 controls the flow rate of the step gas flowing through the gas line L66.
- the valve V66 performs the opening/closing operation to supply/shut off the step gas to the gas supply path 6 .
- a step gas is a gas used to form a step.
- the step gas is, for example, a combination of an organic compound, which is the raw material of the self-assembled monolayer W3, and a metal-containing gas or oxidizing gas (or nitriding gas, etc.), which is the raw material of the second insulating film W4.
- the step gas is an etching gas for etching the conductive film, which is the first film W1.
- a gas source G66 and a gas line L66 are provided for each step gas.
- the film forming apparatus 1 includes a control section 100 and a storage section 101 .
- the control unit 100 includes a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, etc. (none of which are shown). to control. Specifically, the control unit 100 causes the CPU to execute a control program stored in the storage unit 101 to control the operation of each component of the film forming apparatus 1, thereby performing film formation processing and the like on the substrate W. do.
- the control unit 100 opens the gate valve 26 and transports the substrate W into the processing container 2 by the transport mechanism and places it on the stage 3 .
- the substrate W is placed horizontally with the surface Wa facing upward.
- the control unit 100 closes the gate valve 26 after retracting the transport mechanism from the processing container 2 .
- the control unit 100 heats the substrate W to a predetermined temperature by the heating mechanism 34 of the stage 3 , and adjusts the inside of the processing container 2 to a predetermined pressure by the pressure adjustment unit 23 .
- step S1 in FIG. 1 includes loading the substrate W into the processing container 2 .
- the control unit 100 opens the valve V ⁇ b>66 to supply the step gas into the processing container 2 .
- Valves V61, V62, V63, V64 and V65 are closed.
- Ar gas, O 2 gas, or the like may be supplied into the processing container 2 together with the step gas.
- a concave portion Wb and a convex portion Wc are formed on the substrate surface Wa by the step gas.
- step S3 of FIG. 1 the control unit 100 opens the valves V61, V62, and V64 to simultaneously supply the TiCl 4 gas, the Ar gas, and the H 2 gas into the processing chamber 2 .
- Valves V63, V65 and V66 are closed.
- a liquid L such as TiH x Cl y is supplied to the concave portion Wb of the substrate W by the reaction between the TiCl 4 gas and the H 2 gas.
- step S3 Specific processing conditions of step S3 are, for example, as follows.
- Flow rate of TiCl 4 gas 1 sccm to 100 sccm
- Ar gas flow rate 10 sccm to 100000 sccm, preferably 100 sccm to 20000 sccm
- Flow rate of H2 gas 1 sccm to 50000 sccm, preferably 10 sccm to 10000 sccm
- Treatment time 1 second to 1800 seconds
- Treatment pressure 0.1 Pa to 10000 Pa, preferably 0.1 Pa to 2000 Pa.
- control unit 100 may generate plasma by the plasma generation unit 51 to promote the reaction between the TiCl4 gas and the H2 gas.
- the control unit 100 converts both the TiCl 4 gas and the H 2 gas into plasma.
- control unit 100 may alternatively supply the TiCl 4 gas and the H 2 gas into the processing container 2 instead of supplying them simultaneously.
- control unit 100 may convert only the H2 gas into plasma among the TiCl4 gas and the H2 gas.
- step S3 the valves V61 and V64 are closed. At this time, since the valve V62 is open, Ar is supplied into the processing container 2, the gas remaining in the processing container 2 is discharged to the exhaust pipe 22, and the inside of the processing container 2 is replaced with an atmosphere of Ar. be.
- step S4 in FIG. 1 the control unit 100 opens the valve V63 to supply the O 2 gas into the processing container 2 together with the Ar gas. Due to the reaction between the O 2 gas and the liquid L, the liquid L moves from the concave portion Wb to the convex top surface Wc1, and the third insulating film W5 is formed on the convex top surface Wc1. As a result, the step on the substrate surface Wa is expanded.
- step S4 Specific processing conditions of step S4 are, for example, as follows.
- O 2 gas flow rate 1 sccm to 100000 sccm, preferably 1 sccm to 10000 sccm
- Ar gas flow rate 10 sccm to 100000 sccm, preferably 100 sccm to 20000 sccm
- Treatment time 1 second to 1800 seconds
- Treatment pressure 0.1 Pa to 10000 Pa, preferably 0.1 Pa to 2000 Pa.
- step S5 of FIG. 1 the control unit 100 supplies the O 2 gas together with the Ar gas into the processing chamber 2 as in step S4. Also, in step S5, unlike step S4, the control unit 100 causes the plasma generation unit 51 to generate plasma to modify the third insulating film W5.
- the specific processing conditions of step S5 are the same as the processing conditions of step S4 except for the generation of plasma, so description thereof will be omitted.
- step S5 the valve V63 is closed. At this time, since the valve V62 is open, Ar is supplied into the processing container 2, the gas remaining in the processing container 2 is discharged to the exhaust pipe 22, and the inside of the processing container 2 is replaced with an atmosphere of Ar. be.
- step S6 of FIG. 1 the control unit 100 confirms whether or not the first cycle has been performed M times (M is a natural number equal to or greater than 1).
- M is a natural number equal to or greater than 1).
- One first cycle includes steps S3 to S5. Note that the first cycle may include at least steps S3 to S4 and may not include step S5.
- step S6 NO If the number of times the first cycle has been performed is less than M (step S6, NO), the control unit 100 performs the first cycle again. On the other hand, if the number of times the first cycle has been performed has reached M (step S6, YES), the control unit 100 performs step S7.
- step S7 of FIG. 1 the control unit 100 opens the valve V65 to supply ClF3 gas into the processing chamber 2 together with Ar gas. A portion of the second insulating film W4 and a portion of the third insulating film W5 are etched by ClF3 gas. In step S7, the control unit 100 may generate plasma by the plasma generation unit 51, or may convert the ClF 3 gas into plasma.
- step S7 Specific processing conditions of step S7 are, for example, as follows.
- ClF 3 gas flow rate 1 sccm to 100 sccm
- Ar gas flow rate 10 sccm to 100000 sccm, preferably 100 sccm to 20000 sccm
- Treatment time 1 second to 1800 seconds
- step S7 the valve V65 is closed. At this time, since the valve V62 is open, Ar is supplied into the processing container 2, the gas remaining in the processing container 2 is discharged to the exhaust pipe 22, and the inside of the processing container 2 is replaced with an atmosphere of Ar. be.
- step S7 and steps S3 to S5 are performed inside the same processing container 2 in this embodiment, they may be performed inside another processing container 2.
- step S ⁇ b>7 the control unit 100 unloads the substrates W from the processing container 2 in the reverse order of loading the substrates W into the processing container 2 .
- Example 12 is an example, and Examples 1 to 11 and Examples 13 to 18 are reference examples.
- concave portions and convex portions were formed in advance on the substrate surface Wa before the substrate W was loaded into the processing container 2 shown in FIG.
- the pre-formed projection top surface Wc1 is hereinafter also referred to as the projection top surface Wd.
- Example 1 to Example 2 ⁇ Example 1 to Example 2>
- the film forming apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 7 was used, and steps S1 to S4 and S6 were performed under the processing conditions shown in Table 1, and steps S5 and S7 were not performed.
- steps S1 to S4 and S6 were performed under the processing conditions shown in Table 1, and steps S5 and S7 were not performed.
- the concave portions and the convex portions are formed in advance on the substrate surface Wa.
- top surface of convex portion is the material of the top surface Wd of the convex portion formed in advance before step S3.
- the material of the side surfaces of the concave portion formed in advance before step S3 is the same as the material of the top surface Wd of the convex portion.
- the “bottom surface of the recess” is the material of the bottom surface of the recess formed in advance before step S3 is performed.
- “O” of various gases means that various gases were supplied, and “ON” of "RF” means that the gases were turned into plasma by high-frequency power.
- the "number of cycles” is the number of repetitions of steps S3 and S4 (that is, M of step S6). The same applies to Tables 2 to 8, which will be described later.
- FIGS. 8A to 8C SEM photographs of the substrate W-1 according to Example 1 are shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C.
- the liquid L-1 was supplied to the recess Wb-1 by step S3.
- the amount of liquid L-1 supplied was such that it could fit inside the recess Wb-1.
- FIG. 8B when the process is interrupted in the middle of step S4, specifically, when the processing time of step S4 is 10 seconds, the situation is the same as in FIG. 3B, that is, the liquid L-1 It was confirmed that the recess Wb-1 crawled up toward the top surface Wd-1 of the projection.
- a film W5-1 was selectively formed on the top surface Wd-1 of the projection by step S4.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B SEM photographs of the substrate W-2 according to Example 2 are shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B.
- the liquid L-2 was supplied to the recess Wb-2 by step S3.
- the processing time of step S3 was longer than in Example 1, and the amount of liquid L-2 supplied was large. rice field.
- a film W5-2 was selectively formed on the top surface Wd-2 of the projection by step S4.
- Example 3 In Example 3, using the film forming apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 7, after performing steps S1 to S3 under the processing conditions shown in Table 2, steps S4 to S7 are not performed, and steps are performed under the processing conditions shown in Table 2. S9 was performed. In step S9, only Ar gas was supplied into the processing container 2, and changes in the liquid L within the recess Wb were observed.
- FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the processing time of step S9 according to example 3 and the thickness of the liquid L in the recess Wb.
- no movement or reduction of the liquid L in the concave portion Wb was observed even after being left in the reduced pressure atmosphere for a long time. This means that the liquid L does not move until the reaction between the liquid L and the processing gas G starts, and that the liquid L has a strong intermolecular force and a strong cohesive force, so that it is difficult to evaporate.
- Examples 4 to 7 using the film forming apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 7, S1 to S4 and S6 were performed under the processing conditions shown in Table 3, and Steps S5 and S7 were not performed. In addition, as described above, before the substrate W is loaded into the processing container 2, the concave portions and the convex portions are formed in advance on the substrate surface Wa.
- FIG. 11A shows an SEM photograph of the substrate W-4 according to Example 4 after processing.
- steps S3 and S4 were performed once each.
- the film W5-4 was selectively formed on the projection top surface Wd-4 out of the recess Wb-4 and the projection top surface Wd-4.
- FIG. 11B shows an SEM photograph of the substrate W-5 according to Example 5 after processing.
- steps S3 and S4 were performed ten times each.
- the film W5-5 was selectively formed on the top surface Wd-5 of the protrusion, out of the top surface Wd-5 of the protrusion Wb-5 and the recess Wb-5.
- FIG. 11C shows a post-processing SEM photograph of substrate W-6 according to Example 6.
- Example 6 unlike Example 1, H 2 O gas was supplied into the processing container 2 instead of O 2 gas in step S4.
- the film W5-6 was selectively formed on the convex top surface Wd-6 out of the concave Wb-6 and the convex top surface Wd-6.
- FIG. 11D shows a post-processing SEM photograph of substrate W-7 according to Example 7.
- Example 7 unlike Example 1, N 2 gas was supplied into the processing container 2 instead of O 2 gas in step S4. Also, the N2 gas was turned into plasma. As a result, the film W5-7 was selectively formed on the projection top surface Wd-7 out of the recess Wb-7 and the projection top surface Wd-7.
- Example 8 to Example 12 using the film forming apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 7, S1 to S4 and S6 were performed under the processing conditions shown in Table 4, and Steps S5 and S7 were not performed. In addition, as described above, before the substrate W is loaded into the processing container 2, the concave portions and the convex portions are formed in advance on the substrate surface Wa.
- FIG. 12A shows a post-processing SEM photograph of substrate W-8 according to Example 8.
- Steps S3 and S4 were performed once each under the same conditions as in Example 4 except that the material of the top surface of the projection and the bottom surface of the recess was changed to titanium oxide (TiO 2 ).
- TiO 2 titanium oxide
- the film W5-8 was selectively formed on the top surface Wd-8 of the projection out of the top surface Wd-8 of the recess Wb-8 and the projection Wd-8.
- FIG. 12B shows an SEM photograph of the substrate W-9 according to Example 9 after processing.
- Steps S3 and S4 were performed once each under the same conditions as in Example 4, except that the material of the top surface of the protrusion and the bottom surface of the recess was changed to silicon nitride (SiN).
- SiN silicon nitride
- FIG. 12C shows an SEM photograph after processing of the substrate W-10 according to Example 10.
- Steps S3 and S4 were performed once each under the same conditions as in Example 4, except that the material of the top surface of the protrusion and the bottom surface of the recess was changed to silicon (Si).
- Si silicon
- FIG. 13A shows an SEM photograph of the substrate W-11 according to Example 11 after processing.
- Steps S3 and S4 were performed once each under the same conditions as in Example 4, except that the material of the top surface of the projection and the bottom surface of the recess was changed to carbon (C).
- the film W5-11 was selectively formed on the top surface Wd-11 of the projection out of the top surface Wd-11 of the recess Wb-11 and the top surface Wd-11 of the projection.
- FIG. 13B shows an SEM photograph of the substrate W-12 according to Example 12 after processing.
- Steps S3 and S4 were performed once each under the same conditions as in Example 4 except that the material of the top surface of the projection was changed to ruthenium (Ru).
- Ru ruthenium
- the films W5 could be selectively formed on the top surfaces Wd of the projections using the substrates W made of various materials.
- Example 13 to Example 14 using the film forming apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 7, S1 to S4 and S6 were performed under the processing conditions shown in Table 5, and Steps S5 and S7 were not performed. In addition, as described above, before the substrate W is loaded into the processing container 2, the concave portions and the convex portions are formed in advance on the substrate surface Wa.
- FIG. 14A shows an SEM photograph of the substrate W-13 according to Example 13 after processing.
- steps S3 and S4 were performed once each under the same conditions as in Example 4, except that the substrate temperature was changed to 80.degree.
- the film W5-13 was selectively formed on the top surface Wd-13 of the projection out of the top surface Wd-13 of the recess Wb-13 and the top surface Wd-13 of the projection.
- FIG. 14B shows an SEM photograph of the substrate W-14 after processing according to Example 14.
- steps S3 and S4 were performed once each under the same conditions as in Example 4, except that the substrate temperature was changed to 200.degree.
- the film W5-14 was selectively formed on the convex top surface Wd-14 out of the concave Wb-14 and the convex top surface Wd-14.
- the film W5 could be selectively formed on the top surface Wd of the projection at various substrate temperatures.
- Example 15 to Example 16 ⁇ Example 15 to Example 16>
- S1 to S4 and S6 were performed under the processing conditions shown in Table 6, and Steps S5 and S7 were not performed.
- S1 to S6 were performed under the processing conditions shown in Table 6, and step S7 was not performed.
- step S7 was not performed.
- the concave portions and the convex portions are formed in advance on the substrate surface Wa.
- the etching rate was 762.8 ⁇ /min.
- the film W5 formed on the top surface Wd of the projection in Example 16 was etched with an aqueous solution having an HF concentration of 0.5% by mass, the etching rate was 81.3 ⁇ /min. Therefore, the film W5 could be modified by step S5.
- Example 17 using the film forming apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 7, S1 to S4 and S6 were performed under the processing conditions shown in Table 7, and Steps S5 and S7 were not performed. In addition, as described above, before the substrate W is loaded into the processing container 2, the concave portions and the convex portions are formed in advance on the substrate surface Wa.
- FIG. 15 shows a post-processing SEM photograph of substrate W-17 according to Example 17.
- Si 2 Cl 6 HCD
- the Ar gas and the O 2 gas were turned into plasma.
- steps S3 and S4 were performed twice each.
- the material of the top surface of the protrusion and the bottom surface of the recess was changed to TiO2 .
- the film W5-17 was selectively formed on the convex top surface Wd-17 out of the concave Wb-17 and the convex top surface Wd-17. Similar results were obtained when the material of the top surface of the protrusion and the bottom surface of the recess was changed to SiO 2 .
- Example 18 using the film forming apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 7, S1 to S4 and S6 were performed under the processing conditions shown in Table 8, and Steps S5 and S7 were not performed. In addition, as described above, before the substrate W is loaded into the processing container 2, the concave portions and the convex portions are formed in advance on the substrate surface Wa.
- FIG. 16 shows a post-processing SEM photograph of substrate W-18 according to Example 18.
- SnCl 4 was supplied into the processing vessel 2 as the source gas instead of TiCl 4 in step S3.
- the film W5-18 was selectively formed on the convex top surface Wd-18 out of the concave Wb-18 and the convex top surface Wd-18.
- [Appendix 2] The film forming method according to Appendix 1, wherein the first film is an insulating film, and the second film is a conductive film.
- [Appendix 3] (B) includes selectively forming a self-assembled monolayer in the second region with respect to the first region; 3.
- the film forming method according to appendix 1 or 2, comprising inhibiting formation of an insulating film and forming the second insulating film in the first region.
- [Appendix 4] 3.
- the film formation method according to Appendix 1 or 2 wherein the step (B) includes selectively etching the second region with respect to the first region.
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Abstract
Description
TiCl4+H2→TiHxCly・・・(1)
TiHxCly→TiCl2+HCl・・・(2)
TiCl2+H2→Ti+HCl・・・(3)
なお、上記の式(2)及び(3)において、TiCl2はTiCl又はTiCl3であってもよい。
TiCl4ガスの流量:1sccm~100sccm
Arガスの流量:10sccm~100000sccm、好ましくは100sccm~20000sccm
H2ガスの流量:1sccm~50000sccm、好ましくは10sccm~10000sccm
処理時間:1秒~1800秒
処理温度:-100℃~390℃、好ましくは20℃~350℃
処理圧力:0.1Pa~10000Pa、好ましくは0.1Pa~2000Pa。
O2ガスの流量:1sccm~100000sccm、好ましくは1sccm~10000sccm
Arガスの流量:10sccm~100000sccm、好ましくは100sccm~20000sccm
処理時間:1秒~1800秒
処理温度:-100℃~390℃、好ましくは20℃~350℃
処理圧力:0.1Pa~10000Pa、好ましくは0.1Pa~2000Pa。
ClF3ガスの流量:1sccm~100sccm
Arガスの流量:10sccm~100000sccm、好ましくは100sccm~20000sccm
処理時間:1秒~1800秒
処理温度:30℃~350℃、好ましくは80℃~200℃
処理圧力:0.1Pa~10000Pa、好ましくは0.1Pa~2000Pa。
次に、実施例などについて説明する。下記の例1~例18のうち、例12が実施例であり、例1~例11及び例13~例18は参考例である。下記の例1~例18では、図7に示す処理容器2に基板Wを搬入する前に、基板表面Waに予め凹部と凸部を形成した。予め形成した凸部頂面Wc1を、以下、凸部頂面Wdとも記す。
例1~例2では、図7に示す成膜装置1を用いて、表1に示す処理条件でステップS1~S4及びS6を実施し、ステップS5及びS7を実施しなかった。なお、上記の通り、処理容器2に基板Wを搬入する前に、基板表面Waに予め凹部と凸部を形成した。
例3では、図7に示す成膜装置1を用いて、表2に示す処理条件でステップS1~S3を実施した後、ステップS4~S7を実施することなく、表2に示す処理条件でステップS9を実施した。ステップS9では、処理容器2内にArガスのみを供給し、凹部Wb内の液体Lの変化を観察した。
例4~例7では、図7に示す成膜装置1を用いて、表3に示す処理条件でS1~S4及びS6を実施し、ステップS5及びS7を実施しなかった。なお、上記の通り、処理容器2に基板Wを搬入する前に、基板表面Waに予め凹部と凸部を形成した。
例8~例12では、図7に示す成膜装置1を用いて、表4に示す処理条件でS1~S4及びS6を実施し、ステップS5及びS7を実施しなかった。なお、上記の通り、処理容器2に基板Wを搬入する前に、基板表面Waに予め凹部と凸部を形成した。
例13~例14では、図7に示す成膜装置1を用いて、表5に示す処理条件でS1~S4及びS6を実施し、ステップS5及びS7を実施しなかった。なお、上記の通り、処理容器2に基板Wを搬入する前に、基板表面Waに予め凹部と凸部を形成した。
例15では、図7に示す成膜装置1を用いて、表6に示す処理条件でS1~S4及びS6を実施し、ステップS5及びS7を実施しなかった。一方、例16では、図7に示す成膜装置1を用いて、表6に示す処理条件でS1~S6を実施し、ステップS7を実施しなかった。なお、上記の通り、処理容器2に基板Wを搬入する前に、基板表面Waに予め凹部と凸部を形成した。
例17では、図7に示す成膜装置1を用いて、表7に示す処理条件でS1~S4及びS6を実施し、ステップS5及びS7を実施しなかった。なお、上記の通り、処理容器2に基板Wを搬入する前に、基板表面Waに予め凹部と凸部を形成した。
例18では、図7に示す成膜装置1を用いて、表8に示す処理条件でS1~S4及びS6を実施し、ステップS5及びS7を実施しなかった。なお、上記の通り、処理容器2に基板Wを搬入する前に、基板表面Waに予め凹部と凸部を形成した。
[付記1]
(A)第1膜が露出する第1領域と、前記第1膜とは異なる材料で形成される第2膜が露出する第2領域とを表面に有する基板を準備することと、
(B)前記第1領域が前記第2領域よりも高くなるように前記表面に段差を形成することと、
(C)前記段差が形成された前記表面に液体を供給することと、
(D)前記液体を化学変化させる処理ガスを前記表面に供給し、前記処理ガスと前記液体との反応によって前記液体を前記第2領域から前記第1領域に移動させ、前記第2領域に対して前記第1領域に選択的に膜を形成することと、を有する、成膜方法。
[付記2]
前記第1膜は絶縁膜であり、前記第2膜は導電膜である、付記1に記載の成膜方法。
[付記3]
前記(B)は、前記第1領域に対して前記第2領域に選択的に自己組織化単分子膜を形成することと、前記自己組織化単分子膜を用いて前記第2領域における第2絶縁膜の形成を阻害すると共に前記第1領域に前記第2絶縁膜を形成することと、を含む、付記1又は2に記載の成膜方法。
[付記4]
前記(B)は、前記第1領域に対して前記第2領域を選択的にエッチングすることを含む、付記1又は2に記載の成膜方法。
[付記5]
前記膜の一部をエッチングすることを含む、付記1~4のいずれか1項に記載の成膜方法。
[付記6]
前記液体は、ハロゲン化物である、付記1~5のいずれか1項に記載の成膜方法。
[付記7]
前記(C)は、前記ハロゲン化物の原料である原料ガスと、前記原料ガスと反応する反応ガスとの反応によって、前記液体を形成することを含む、付記6に記載の成膜方法。
[付記8]
前記液体は、液体状のポリマーである、付記1~5のいずれか1項に記載の成膜方法。
[付記9]
前記液体は、前記基板を収容する処理容器内で合成され、前記基板の前記表面に供給される、付記8に記載の成膜方法。
[付記10]
前記(D)で前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスは、前記液体に取り込まれる元素を含む、付記1~9のいずれか1項に記載の成膜方法。
[付記11]
前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスは、酸素含有ガスを含む、付記10に記載の成膜方法。
[付記12]
前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスは、窒素含有ガスを含む、付記10に記載の成膜方法。
[付記13]
前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスは、水素化物のガスを含む、付記10に記載の成膜方法。
[付記14]
前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスは、前記液体を構成する元素を脱ガスさせる、付記1~9のいずれか1項に記載の成膜方法。
[付記15]
前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスは、還元性ガスを含む、付記14に記載の成膜方法。
[付記16]
前記還元性ガスは、水素ガス、又は重水素ガスである、付記15に記載の成膜方法。
[付記17]
前記(D)は、前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスをプラズマ化することを含む、付記1~16のいずれか1項に記載の成膜方法。
[付記18]
前記膜を改質することを含む、付記1~17のいずれか1項に記載の成膜方法。
A2 第2領域
L 液体
W 基板
W1 第1膜
W2 第2膜
W5 膜(第3絶縁膜)
Claims (19)
- (A)第1膜が露出する第1領域と、前記第1膜とは異なる材料で形成される第2膜が露出する第2領域とを表面に有する基板を準備することと、
(B)前記第1領域が前記第2領域よりも高くなるように前記表面に段差を形成することと、
(C)前記段差が形成された前記表面に液体を供給することと、
(D)前記液体を化学変化させる処理ガスを前記表面に供給し、前記処理ガスと前記液体との反応によって前記液体を前記第2領域から前記第1領域に移動させ、前記第2領域に対して前記第1領域に選択的に膜を形成することと、を有する、成膜方法。 - 前記第1膜は絶縁膜であり、前記第2膜は導電膜である、請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記(B)は、前記第1領域に対して前記第2領域に選択的に自己組織化単分子膜を形成することと、前記自己組織化単分子膜を用いて前記第2領域における第2絶縁膜の形成を阻害すると共に前記第1領域に前記第2絶縁膜を形成することと、を含む、請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記(B)は、前記第1領域に対して前記第2領域を選択的にエッチングすることを含む、請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記膜の一部をエッチングすることを含む、請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記液体は、ハロゲン化物である、請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記(C)は、前記ハロゲン化物の原料である原料ガスと、前記原料ガスと反応する反応ガスとの反応によって、前記液体を形成することを含む、請求項6に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記液体は、液体状のポリマーである、請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記液体は、前記基板を収容する処理容器内で合成され、前記基板の前記表面に供給される、請求項8に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記(D)で前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスは、前記液体に取り込まれる元素を含む、請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスは、酸素含有ガスを含む、請求項10に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスは、窒素含有ガスを含む、請求項10に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスは、水素化物のガスを含む、請求項10に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスは、前記液体を構成する元素を脱ガスさせる、請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスは、還元性ガスを含む、請求項14に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記還元性ガスは、水素ガス、又は重水素ガスである、請求項15に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記(D)は、前記液体を化学変化させる前記処理ガスをプラズマ化することを含む、請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 前記膜を改質することを含む、請求項1に記載の成膜方法。
- 第1膜が露出する第1領域と、前記第1膜とは異なる材料で形成される第2膜が露出する第2領域とを表面に含む基板を搬送する搬送部と、
前記搬送部によって前記基板が搬入出される処理容器と、
前記処理容器の内部にて、前記基板の前記表面を上に向けて前記基板を水平に保持する保持部と、
前記保持部で保持されている前記基板の前記表面に対して、前記表面に段差を形成するガスと、前記段差が形成された前記表面に供給される原料ガスと、前記原料ガスと反応する反応ガスと、前記原料ガスと前記反応ガスの反応によって形成される液体を化学変化させる処理ガスと、を供給するガス供給部と、
前記搬送部と前記ガス供給部を制御する制御部と、を有し、
前記制御部は、
(A)前記基板を前記処理容器の内部に搬入することと、
(B)前記第1領域が前記第2領域よりも高くなるように前記表面に前記段差を形成することと、
(C)前記段差が形成された前記表面に、前記原料ガスと前記反応ガスとの反応によって形成される液体を供給することと、
(D)前記処理ガスを前記表面に供給し、前記処理ガスと前記液体との反応によって前記液体を前記第2領域から前記第1領域に移動させ、前記第2領域に対して前記第1領域に選択的に膜を形成することと、
を実施する、成膜装置。
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JP2004047644A (ja) * | 2002-07-10 | 2004-02-12 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 成膜方法及び成膜装置 |
JP2007335807A (ja) * | 2006-06-19 | 2007-12-27 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP2009204998A (ja) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-10 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | パターン形成方法及び半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP2020147829A (ja) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-17 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 成膜方法および成膜装置 |
JP2021019199A (ja) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-02-15 | エーエスエム・アイピー・ホールディング・ベー・フェー | トポロジー制御無定形炭素ポリマー膜を形成する方法 |
JP2021179009A (ja) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-11-18 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 成膜方法及び成膜装置 |
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Patent Citations (6)
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JP2004047644A (ja) * | 2002-07-10 | 2004-02-12 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 成膜方法及び成膜装置 |
JP2007335807A (ja) * | 2006-06-19 | 2007-12-27 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP2009204998A (ja) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-10 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | パターン形成方法及び半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP2020147829A (ja) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-17 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 成膜方法および成膜装置 |
JP2021019199A (ja) * | 2019-07-19 | 2021-02-15 | エーエスエム・アイピー・ホールディング・ベー・フェー | トポロジー制御無定形炭素ポリマー膜を形成する方法 |
JP2021179009A (ja) * | 2020-05-08 | 2021-11-18 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 成膜方法及び成膜装置 |
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