WO2022252589A1 - 一种输电线路检修用爬梯 - Google Patents

一种输电线路检修用爬梯 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022252589A1
WO2022252589A1 PCT/CN2021/141379 CN2021141379W WO2022252589A1 WO 2022252589 A1 WO2022252589 A1 WO 2022252589A1 CN 2021141379 W CN2021141379 W CN 2021141379W WO 2022252589 A1 WO2022252589 A1 WO 2022252589A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
block
web
ladder
transmission line
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/141379
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李锋
何恩家
薛健
王鹏武
童璟
张君
王汜久
甘生霖
刘彪
王永明
于昊
李涓
王永俊
吕志鹏
贾顺召
李世海
王显武
任昊
阳敏
王少君
李�浩
林垚
赵云鹿
施志新
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Qinghai Power Transmission & Transformation Engineering Co Ltd
State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Original Assignee
Qinghai Power Transmission & Transformation Engineering Co Ltd
State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qinghai Power Transmission & Transformation Engineering Co Ltd, State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd, State Grid Corp of China SGCC filed Critical Qinghai Power Transmission & Transformation Engineering Co Ltd
Publication of WO2022252589A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022252589A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/34—Ladders attached to structures, such as windows, cornices, poles, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/48—Ladder heads; Supports for heads of ladders for resting against objects
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/50—Joints or other connecting parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electric power maintenance equipment, in particular to a climbing ladder for power transmission line maintenance.
  • the iron tower is usually used to erect the transmission wire at high altitude, after the transmission wire is mounted on the iron tower, at present, if the transmission wire fails, it needs to be repaired.
  • the maintenance personnel will step on a row of insulator porcelain bottles, move from the side of the tower to the conductor side, and perform maintenance on the transmission wires. During the maintenance work of stepping on the insulating porcelain bottles and entering the transmission wires, there is a risk of damage to the insulating porcelain bottles. defect.
  • the present invention provides a ladder for inspection and maintenance of power transmission lines.
  • the ladder can not only reduce the damage to the insulating porcelain bottle during the inspection of the circuit, but also is easy to install.
  • a climbing ladder for power transmission line maintenance which sequentially includes a first fixing unit, a second fixing unit and a support frame from right to left;
  • the first fixing unit includes an upper splint and a lower splint for clamping and connecting the hanging plate;
  • the second fixing unit includes a mounting frame, the mounting frame includes a web, the front and rear ends of the web are respectively provided with wing plates, and a tie rod is arranged on the wing plate, and the tie rod One end is slidingly hinged with the wing plate, and the other end of the pull rod is fixedly provided with a connecting block, and the connecting block is provided with a tension bolt for tightening the lower splint;
  • the lower side of the web is provided with a limit block
  • the upper side of the web is provided with a vertical plate
  • the right end of the support frame is hinged with the vertical plate
  • the left end of the support frame is provided with a support block
  • the left side of the support block is provided with a wedging slope
  • the inside and outside of the wing are provided with pull rods
  • the connecting block is located between the two pull rods
  • both ends of the connecting block are respectively fixedly connected to the pull rods
  • the A tension bolt is arranged between the two pull rods on the connecting block.
  • a guide plate is provided on the inner surface and the outer surface of the wing plate, a slide block is slidably arranged on the guide plate, and the pull rod is hinged to the slide block.
  • the guide plate is parallel to the web.
  • the front and rear sides of the limit block are symmetrically provided with a first pressing slope that is low on the inside and high on the outside.
  • a compression block is provided in the installation frame, and a compression groove is provided on the upper side of the compression block, and the compression block is respectively provided with a second Three studs, the third stud extends through the web to the top of the web, the third lock nut is arranged on the third stud, the front of the compression groove and the rear two sides are respectively provided with second pressing slopes which are low on the inside and high on the outside.
  • the support block is fixedly connected with the support frame through fixing bolts.
  • a positioning hole is provided on the right side of the lower splint, and a positioning shaft that matches the positioning hole is coaxially provided on the end surface of the tension bolt.
  • a positioning boss is provided on the lower side of the lower splint, and the positioning hole is provided on the positioning boss.
  • a hand wheel is fixedly arranged on the tension bolt.
  • the ladder can be erected above the insulator string, so as to avoid stepping on the insulator string directly during the maintenance process, causing damage to the insulator porcelain bottle.
  • the ladder is easy to install, and the installation process does not require any operating tools, just manual installation.
  • the ladder can adapt to insulator strings with different sags and has good versatility.
  • the installation frame of the ladder forms a rigid whole with the first fixing unit fixed on the connecting hanging plate through the pull rod, that is, the installation frame is indirectly fixedly connected with the iron tower through the first fixing unit In this way, the installation frame is in an absolutely fixed state, and the support frame is in an absolutely fixed state. During use, when a person stands on the support frame, it will not shake due to the paranoid center of gravity. Improve job safety.
  • Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram one of climbing ladder
  • Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram two of climbing ladder
  • Fig. 4 is the enlarged structural schematic diagram of part B in Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part C in FIG. 3;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part D in Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part E in FIG. 3;
  • Fig. 8 is the front view of climbing ladder
  • Figure 9 is a top view of the ladder
  • Fig. 10 is A-A sectional view among Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 11 is the B-B sectional view among Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 12 is a C-C sectional view among Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 13 is a D-D sectional view among Fig. 9;
  • Fig. 14 is the installation process figure one of climbing ladder
  • Fig. 15 is the installation process figure two of climbing ladder
  • Fig. 16 is the installation process Fig. 3 of climbing ladder
  • Fig. 17 is the installation process Fig. 4 of climbing ladder
  • Fig. 18 is the installation process figure five of climbing ladder
  • Fig. 19 is the installation process Fig. 6 of climbing ladder
  • Figure 20 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2;
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of part F in Fig. 21;
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the insulator string.
  • 2-Second fixed unit 211-Web plate, 212-Wing plate, 213-Guide plate, 214-Limiting block, 2141-First pressing slope, 215-Standing plate, 2151-First lug plate, 216- Rib plate, 22-tie rod, 221-second stud, 222-third ear plate, 23-connecting block, 24-tension bolt, 241-positioning shaft, 242-hand wheel, 25-slider, 251- The first hinge shaft, 26-compression block, 261-compression groove, 2611-second compression slope, 262-the third stud, 27-the second lock nut, 28-the third lock nut,
  • 3-bracing frame 31-beam, 32-longitudinal beam, 33-second ear plate, 34-support block, 341-wedging inclined plane,
  • the coordinate system is defined as shown in Figure 1, and the left and right directions are horizontal, the front and rear directions are vertical, and the up and down directions are vertical.
  • the double insulator string 523 includes a first connecting plate 521 on the iron tower 51 side and a second connecting plate 522 on the wire 55 side, the first connecting plate 521 and the second connecting plate
  • Two insulator strings 523 are arranged between 522, and the two ends of the insulator strings 523 are connected to the first link plate 521 and the second link plate 522.
  • the iron tower 51 is provided with a connecting hanging plate 511 arranged horizontally, and the connecting hanging plate 511 is provided with a ball-end hanging ring 53 .
  • the first connecting plate 521 is provided with a ball-end hanging ring 53, and the two ball-end hanging rings 53 are connected by a connecting chain, and the connecting chain is formed by connecting several connecting rings 54 end-to-end.
  • the connection chain described in this embodiment only includes one connection ring 54 , and the projection of the connection ring 54 in the horizontal plane is in a closed shape.
  • the outer end of the second connecting plate 522 is connected with the wire 55 .
  • a ladder for maintenance of transmission lines includes a first fixing unit 1, a second fixing unit 2 and a support frame 3 from the side of the iron tower 51 to the side of the conductor 55 in sequence.
  • the first fixing unit 1 includes an upper clamping plate 11 and a lower clamping plate 12 for clamping the connecting hanging plate 511 .
  • the left and right ends of the upper side of the lower clamping plate 12 are respectively provided with first studs 121 extending upward in the vertical direction, and the upper clamping plate 11 is provided with a first stud 121 for accommodating the first studs 121.
  • a through hole, the first locking nut 13 is arranged above the upper splint 11 on the first stud 121 .
  • the connecting hanging plate 511 is clamped between the upper clamping plate 11 and the lower clamping plate 12 under the locking action of the first locking nut 13 .
  • the first locking nut 13 is a wing nut.
  • the second fixing unit 2 includes a mounting frame spanning above the connecting ring 54, and the mounting frame includes a web 211, the front and rear of the web 211 Flanges 212 extending downward in the vertical direction are respectively provided at both ends, and the web 211 and the flaps 212 together form a U-shaped structure with an opening facing downward.
  • the wing plate 212 is provided with a pull rod 22, one end of the pull rod 22 is slidingly hinged with the wing plate 212, and the sliding direction of the pull rod 22 is parallel to the web 211, and the pull rod 22
  • the other end of the connecting block 23 is fixedly provided with a tension bolt 24 for tightening the lower clamping plate 12 on the connecting block 23 . That is, the ends of the tension bolts 24 are pressed against the right side of the lower clamping plate 12 .
  • the inner and outer surfaces of the wing plates 212 are provided with a cross-section T Type guide plate 213, and the guide plate 213 is parallel to the web 211.
  • the left side and the right side of the guide plate 213 are respectively flush with the left side and the right side of the wing plate 212 .
  • the guide plate 213 is provided with a slider 25 that can slide along the length direction relative to the guide plate 213, that is, the inner side of the slider 25 (with the side close to the wing plate 212 as the inner side)
  • a chute with a T-shaped cross-section matching the guide plate 213 is provided on the top.
  • the outer surface of the slider 25 is provided with a first hinge shaft 251, one end of the pull rod 22 is provided with a first hinge hole matched with the first hinge shaft 251, and the other end of the pull rod 22 is provided with There is a second stud 221 arranged coaxially with said pull rod 22 .
  • the connecting block 23 is disposed between the two pull rods 22 , and two ends of the connecting block 23 are respectively provided with second through holes for receiving the second studs 221 .
  • a second locking nut 27 is arranged on the side of the connecting block 23 away from the pull rod 22 on the second stud 221 , and the connecting block 23 is pressed by the second locking nut 27 Press down on the stepped surface between the pull rod 22 and the second stud 221 .
  • a tension bolt 24 is disposed between the two tie rods 22 on the connecting block 23 .
  • the lower side of the web 211 of the installation frame is provided with a limit block 214, and the symmetrical plane extending along the left and right direction of the limit block 214 is aligned with the left and right sides of the installation frame.
  • the planes of symmetry that extend in the direction coincide.
  • the limiting block 214 is inserted into the connecting ring 54 whose projection in the horizontal plane is a closed figure. In this way, on the one hand, it can be ensured that the installation frame is centered with respect to the double insulator string 523 , that is, the symmetrical plane extending along the left and right directions of the mounting frame coincides with the symmetrical plane extending along the left and right directions of the double insulator string 523 .
  • the mounting frame is pressed on the connecting chain under the action of the pull rod 22, and the force exerted by the pull rod 22 on the mounting frame is along the horizontal direction. direction to the right.
  • the insulator string 523 and the connection chain used to connect the insulator string 523 all have a certain degree of drape, that is, the connection chain is in the form of writing An arc extending to the lower left. In this way, the installation frame installed on the connecting chain is also in an inclined state with the left lower and the right higher.
  • the horizontal rightward pulling force applied by the pull rod 22 to the installation frame can be decomposed into two forces, one is The downward force F1 perpendicular to the web 211 of the mounting frame, the mounting frame is pressed against the connecting chain under the action of the force F1; the other is parallel to the web 211 of the mounting frame to the right Force F2, the installation frame has a movement tendency to move obliquely to the upper right under the action of force F2.
  • the limit block 214 By setting the limit block 214, the component force F2 can be counteracted, so that the installation frame can be stably fixed on the connecting chain.
  • the first pressing slope 2141 is pressed against the straight parts on the front and rear sides of the connecting ring 54 under the tension of the pull rod 22 .
  • the interior of the installation frame is provided with a compression block 26 that matches the limit block 214, and the compression block 26 is provided with a compression groove 261 that runs through the compression block 26 along the left and right direction on the upper side of the compression groove 261, and the front and rear sides of the compression groove 261 are respectively provided with inner low and outer height (to be close to the limit block 214
  • the inner side is the second pressing slope 2611 on the inner side.
  • the upper side of the pressing block 26 is located on the front and rear sides of the pressing groove 261, and the third studs 262 are respectively arranged on the web 211 of the mounting frame for accommodating the third studs.
  • the third through hole of the post 262 , the upper end of the third stud 262 passes through the third through hole and extends to the top of the web 211 of the installation frame.
  • a third locking nut 28 is disposed on the third stud 262 above the web 211 of the installation frame.
  • the second pressing slope 2611 of the pressing block 26 is pressed against the straight parts on the front and rear sides of the connecting ring 54 under the locking effect of the third locking nut 28 . That is, the straight portion of the connecting ring 54 is limited between the first pressing slope 2141 and the second pressing slope 2611 located below the first pressing slope 2141 .
  • the upper side of the web 211 of the installation frame is provided with a vertical plate 215 extending upwards perpendicular to the web 211, between the vertical plate 215 and the web 211 Rib panels 216 are provided.
  • the right end of the support frame 3 is hinged to the vertical plate 215 through the second hinge shaft 4 .
  • a support block 34 is provided at the left end of the lower side of the support frame 3, and a wedging slope 341 with a high left side and a low right side is provided on the left side of the support block 34. , the wedging inclined surface 341 is pressed against the inner edge of the second connecting plate 522 .
  • the support frame 3 includes two beams 31 extending in the left and right direction, between the two beams 31 there are a plurality of The longitudinal beams 32 extending in the front-to-back direction, the support block 34 is fixedly arranged on the lower side of one of the longitudinal beams 32 .
  • the front and rear ends of the longitudinal beam 32 are respectively fixedly connected to the cross beam 31 by welding.
  • Two first lugs 2151 are arranged on the left side of the vertical plate 215, and the second hinge shaft 4 is arranged between the two first lugs 2151, and the first lug 2151 is provided with There is a second hinge hole matched with the hinge shaft.
  • a second ear plate 33 is provided on the right end surface of the beam 31 , and a third hinge hole matching the second hinge shaft 4 is provided on the second ear plate 33 .
  • the support block 34 is fixedly connected to the support frame 3 through fixing bolts (not shown in the figure).
  • fixing bolts not shown in the figure.
  • at least two fourth through holes for accommodating the fixing bolts are provided on the longitudinal beams 32 described in this embodiment, and the upper side of the support block 34 is provided with threaded holes for the bolts described above. The end of the fixing bolt passes through the fourth through hole and is threadedly connected with the support block 34 .
  • the lower splint 12 is provided with a positioning hole 1221 penetrating through the lower splint 12 along the left and right direction, and the tension bolt
  • the end surface of the threaded section of 24 is coaxially provided with a positioning shaft 241 that matches the positioning hole 1221.
  • the diameter of the positioning shaft 241 is the same as that of the positioning hole 1221.
  • the positioning shaft 241 is inserted into the In the positioning hole 1221 , the right side of the lower splint 12 is pressed against the stepped surface between the positioning shaft 241 and the threaded section of the tension bolt 24 .
  • the right end of the tension bolt 24 is fixedly provided with a hand wheel 242 .
  • a positioning boss 122 is provided on the lower side of the lower splint 12 , and the positioning hole 1221 is set on the positioning boss 122 and passes through the said positioning boss 122 along the left-right direction. Locating the boss 122.
  • the installation process is as follows:
  • the first fixing unit 1 is first installed on the connection hanging plate 511, at this time, the first locking nut 13 is only installed on the first stud 121, and is completely locked , that is, the positions of the upper splint 11 and the lower splint 12 can be adjusted as required.
  • the installation frame is placed on the connecting chain, and the limiting block 214 is inserted into the connecting ring 54 whose projection in the horizontal plane is a closed figure.
  • the support frame 3 is installed so that the right end of the support frame 3 is hinged with the vertical plate 215 of the installation frame, and then a rope is tied to the suspended end of the support frame 3, and passed The way of pulling the rope makes the support frame 3 rotate to the left until the wedging slope 341 of the support block 34 is pressed against the inner edge of the second connecting plate 522 , which is the state shown in FIG. 1 .
  • a guide plate 213 with a T-shaped cross section is provided on the outer surface of the wing plate 212 (with the opposite side of the two wing plates 212 as the inner side), and the guide plate 213 and the guide plate 213 are connected to each other.
  • the webs 211 are parallel.
  • the left side and the right side of the guide plate 213 are respectively flush with the left side and the right side of the wing plate 212 .
  • the guide plate 213 is provided with a slider 25 that can slide along the length direction relative to the guide plate 213, that is, the inner side of the slider 25 (with the side close to the wing plate 212 as the inner side)
  • a chute with a T-shaped cross-section matching the guide plate 213 is provided on the top.
  • a first hinge shaft 251 is disposed on the outer surface of the slider 25 .
  • the cross-section of the pull rod 22 is square, and one end of the pull rod 22 is provided with a third ear plate 222 extending upwardly perpendicular to the pull rod 22, and the third ear plate 222 is provided with a
  • the hinge shaft 251 matches the first hinge hole.
  • the other end of the pull rod 22 is fixedly provided with a connecting block 23 extending upwardly perpendicular to the pull rod 22 , and the connecting block 23 is provided with a tension bolt 24 for tightening the lower splint 12 .

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)

Abstract

一种输电线路检修用爬梯，涉及电力维修设备技术领域。该爬梯从右往左依次包括第一固定单元（1）、第二固定单元（2）和支撑架（3）。所述的第一固定单元（1）包括上夹板（11）和下夹板（12），所述的第二固定单元（2）包括腹板（211），所述腹板（211）的前、后两端分别设置有翼板（212），所述的翼板（212）上设置有拉杆（22），所述拉杆（22）的一端与所述的翼板（212）滑动铰接，所述拉杆（22）的另一端固定设置有连接块（23），所述的连接块（23）上设置有用于顶紧所述下夹板（12）的拉紧螺栓（24）。所述腹板（211）的下侧面上设置有限位块（214），所述腹板（211）的上侧面上设置有立板（215），所述支撑架（3）的右端与所述的立板（215）相铰接，所述支撑架（3）的左端设置有支撑块（34），且所述支撑块（34）的左侧面上设置有楔紧斜面（341）。该爬梯不仅能够减少对绝缘瓷瓶的损伤，且安装方便。

Description

一种输电线路检修用爬梯 技术领域
本发明涉及电力维修设备技术领域，具体地说是一种输电线路检修用爬梯。
背景技术
铁塔通常用于将输电导线线架设于高空，将输电线挂接于铁塔上以后，目前，若输电导线出现故障时则需要进行检修。检修人员会通过脚踩一排绝缘子瓷瓶串，从铁塔侧挪动至导线侧，对输电导线进行检修，在踩踏绝缘瓷瓶进入输电导线处进行检修作业的过程中，存在有容易对绝缘瓷瓶造成损伤的缺陷。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明提供了一种输电线路检修用爬梯，该爬梯不仅能够在检修电路的过程中减少对绝缘瓷瓶的损伤，而且安装方便。
本发明解决其技术问题所采取的技术方案是：
一种输电线路检修用爬梯，从右往左依次包括第一固定单元、第二固定单元和支撑架；
所述的第一固定单元包括用于夹紧连接挂板的上夹板和下夹板；
所述的第二固定单元包括安装架，所述的安装架包括腹板，所述腹板的前、后两端分别设置有翼板，所述的翼板上设置有拉杆，所述拉杆的一端与所述的翼板滑动铰接，所述拉杆的另一端固定设置有连接块，所述的连接块上设置有用于顶紧所述下夹板的拉紧螺栓；
所述腹板的下侧面上设置有限位块，所述腹板的上侧面上设置有立板，所述支撑架的右端与所述的立板相铰接，所述支撑架的左端设置有支撑块，且所述支撑块的左侧面上设置有楔紧斜面。
进一步地，所述翼板的内侧和外侧均设置有拉杆，所述的连接块位于两个所述的拉杆之间，且所述连接块的两端分别于所述的拉杆固定连接，所述的连接块上位于两个所述的拉杆之间设置有拉紧螺栓。
进一步地，所述翼板的内侧面和外侧面上均设置有导向板，所述的导向板上滑动设置有滑块，所述的拉杆与所述的滑块相铰接。
进一步地，所述的导向板与所述的腹板相平行。
进一步地，所述限位块的前、后两侧对称设置有内低外高的第一压紧斜面。
进一步地，所述的安装架内设置有压紧块，所述压紧块的上侧面上设置有压紧槽，所述的压紧块上位于所述压紧槽的两侧分别设置有第三螺柱，所述的第三螺柱穿过所述的腹板延伸至所述腹板的上方，所述的第三螺柱上设置有第三锁紧螺母，所述压紧槽的前、后两侧分别设置有内低外高的第二压紧斜面。
进一步地，所述的支撑块通过固定螺栓与所述的支撑架固定连接。
进一步地，所述下夹板的右侧面上设置有定位孔，所述拉紧螺栓的端面上同轴设置有与所述的定位孔相配合的定位轴。
进一步地，所述下夹板的下侧面上设置有定位凸台，所述的定位孔设置于所述的定位凸台上。
进一步地，所述的拉紧螺栓上固定设置有手轮。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、该爬梯可以架设于绝缘子串的上方，从而避免在检修的过程中直接踩踏绝缘子串，造成绝缘子瓷瓶的损伤。
2、该爬梯安装方便，且安装过程不需要借助任何操作工具，直接手动安装即可。
3、该爬梯能够适应不同垂度的绝缘子串，具有良好的通用性。
4、该爬梯的安装架通过拉杆与固定设置于所述连接挂板上的第一固定单元形成一个刚性的整体，即所述的安装架通过第一固定单元间接的与所述的铁塔固定连接，这样所述的安装架处于绝对固定状态，进而所述的支撑架处于绝对的固定张天，在使用的过程中，当人站在支撑架上时，便不会因为重心偏执而发生晃动，提高作业的安全性。
附图说明
图1为爬梯的立体结构示意图一；
图2为图1中A部分的放大结构示意图；
图3为爬梯的立体结构示意图二；
图4为图3中B部分的放大结构示意图；
图5为图3中C部分的放大结构示意图；
图6为图3中D部分的放大结构示意图；
图7为图3中E部分的放大结构示意图；
图8为爬梯的主视图；
图9为爬梯的俯视图；
图10为图8中的A-A剖视图；
图11为图8中的B-B剖视图；
图12为图8中的C-C剖视图；
图13为图9中的D-D剖视图；
图14为爬梯的安装过程图一；
图15为爬梯的安装过程图二；
图16为爬梯的安装过程图三；
图17为爬梯的安装过程图四；
图18为爬梯的安装过程图五；
图19为爬梯的安装过程图六；
图20为实施例二的结构示意图；
图21为图21中F部分的放大结构示意图；
图22为绝缘子串的安装结构示意图。
图中：1-第一固定单元，11-上夹板，12-下夹板，121-第一螺柱，122-定位凸台，1221-定位孔，13-第一锁紧螺母，
2-第二固定单元，211-腹板，212-翼板，213-导向板，214-限位块，2141-第一压紧斜面，215-立板，2151-第一耳板，216-加强筋板，22-拉杆，221-第二螺柱，222-第三耳板，23-连接块，24-拉紧螺栓，241-定位轴，242-手轮，25-滑块，251-第一铰接轴，26-压紧块，261-压紧槽，2611-第二压紧斜面，262-第三螺柱，27-第二锁紧螺母，28-第三锁紧螺母，
3-支撑架，31-横梁，32-纵梁，33-第二耳板，34-支撑块，341-楔紧斜面，
4-第二铰接轴，
51-铁塔，511-连接挂板，521-第一联板，522-第二联板，523-绝缘子串，53-球头挂环，54-连接环，55-导线。
具体实施方式
为了方便描述，现定义坐标系如图1所示，并以左右方向为横向，前后方向为纵向，上下方向为竖向。
为了方便对本方案的理解，现对双联绝缘子串523的安装结构做简单描述。如图22所示，所述的双联绝缘子串523包括位于铁塔51侧的第一联板521和位于导线55侧的第二联板522，所述的第一联板521和第二联板522之间设置有两串绝缘子串523，且所述绝缘子串523的两端与所述的第一联板521和第二联板522相连接。所述的铁塔51上设置有水平布置的连接挂板511，所述的连接挂板511上设置有球头挂环53。所述的第一联板521上设置有球头挂环53，两个所述的球头挂环53通过连接链相连，所述的连接链由若干个连接环54首尾相连而成。作为一种具体实施方式，本实施例中所述的连接链仅包括一个连接环54，且所述连接环54在水平面内的投影成封闭形状。所述第二联板522的外端与导线55相连接。
实施例一
如图1、图3、图8和图9所示，一种输电线路检修用爬梯从铁塔51侧到导线55侧依次包括第一固定单元1、第二固定单元2和支撑架3。
如图2和图11所示，所述的第一固定单元1包括用于夹紧所述连接挂板511的上夹板11和下夹板12。所述下夹板12的上侧面的左、右两端分别设置有沿竖直方向向上延伸的第一螺柱121，所述的上夹板11上设置有用于容纳所述第一螺柱121的第一通孔，所述的第一螺柱121上位于所述上夹板11的上方设置有第一锁紧螺母13。所述的连接挂板511在所述第一锁紧螺母13的锁紧作用下被夹紧在上夹板11和下夹板12之间。
优选的，所述的第一锁紧螺母13为蝶形螺母。
如图2和图12所示，所述的第二固定单元2包括纵跨在所述连接环54上方的安装架，所述的安装架包括腹板211，所述腹板211的前、后两端分别设置有沿竖直方向向下延伸的翼板212，所述的腹板211和翼板212共同形成开口朝向下侧的U型结构。
所述的翼板212上设置有拉杆22，所述拉杆22的一端与所述的翼板212滑动铰接，且所述拉杆22的滑动方向与所述的腹板211相平行，所述拉杆22的另一端固定设置有连接块23，所述的连接块23上设置有用于顶紧所述下夹板12的拉紧螺栓24。即所述拉紧螺栓24的端部顶紧在所述下夹板12的右侧面上。
作为一种具体实施方式，如图4和图5所示，本实施例中所述翼板212的内侧面和外侧面(以两翼板212相对的一侧为内侧)上均设置有截面呈T型的导向板213，且所述的导向板213与所述的腹板211相平行。优选的，所述导向板213的左侧面和右侧面分别与所述翼板212的左侧面和右侧面平齐。所述的导向板213上设置有可相对于所述的导向板213沿长度方向滑动的滑块25，即所述滑块25的内侧面(以靠近所述翼板212的一侧为内侧)上设置有与所述的导向板213相配合的截面呈T型的滑槽。所述滑块25的外侧面上设置有第一铰接轴251，所述拉杆22的一端设置有与所述的第一铰接轴251相配合的第一铰接孔，所述拉杆22的另一端设置有与所述的拉杆22同轴布置的第二螺柱221。
所述的连接块23设置于两个所述的拉杆22之间，且所述连接块23的两端分别设置有用于容纳所述第二螺柱221的第二通孔。所述的第二螺柱221上位于所述连接块23的远离所述拉杆22的一侧设置有第二锁紧螺母27，所述的连接块23在第二锁紧螺母27的压紧作用下压紧在所述拉杆22和第二螺柱221之间的台阶面上。
所述的连接块23上位于两个所述的拉杆22之间设置有拉紧螺栓24。
如图6和图12所示，所述安装架的腹板211的下侧面上设置有限位块214，且所述限位块214的沿左右方向延伸的对称面与所述安装架的沿左右方向延伸的对称面重合。安装时，所述的限位块214插入到在水平面内的投影呈封闭图形的连接环54内。这样，一方面能够保证安装架相对于双联绝缘子串523居中，即所述安装架的沿左右方向延伸的对称面与所述双联绝缘子串523沿左右方向延伸的对称面重合。另一方面，当拧紧所述的拉紧螺栓24时，所述的安装架在拉杆22的作用下压紧在所述的连接链上，且所述拉杆22对安装架所施加的力沿水平方向向右。如图8所示，由于架空导线55具有一定的悬垂度，因此，绝缘子串523以及用于连接所述绝缘子串523的连接链，均具有一定的悬垂度，即所述的连接链是呈写向左下方向延伸的弧形状态。这样，安装在所述连接链上的安装架也呈左低右高的倾斜状态，此时，所述拉杆22对安装架所述施加的水平向右的拉力可以分解成两个力，一个是垂直于所述安装架的腹板211向下的力F1，安装架在力F1的作用下压紧在所述的连接链上；另一个是平行与所述安装架的腹板211向右的力F2，安装架在力F2的作用下具有斜向右上方移动的运动趋势。通过设置限位块214，可以抵销分力F2，使安装架稳定的固定在所述的连接链上。
进一步地，为了能够适应不同尺寸的连接环54，如图6和图12所示，所述限位块214的前后两侧分别设置有内低外高(以靠近限位块214内部的一侧为内侧)的第一压紧斜面2141。所述的第一压紧斜面2141在拉杆22的拉紧作用下压紧在所述连接环54的前后两侧的直线部上。
进一步地，为了保证安装架固定的可靠性，如图6和图9所示，所述安装架的内部设置有与所述的限位块214相配合的压紧块26，所述压紧块26的上侧面上设置有沿左右方向贯穿所述压紧块26的压紧槽261，且所述压紧槽261的前、后两侧分别设置有内低外高(以靠近限位块214内部的一侧为内侧)的第二压紧斜面2611。所述压紧块26的上侧面上位于所述压紧槽261的前、后两侧分别设置有第三螺柱262，所述安装架的腹板211上设置有用于容纳所述第三螺柱262的第三通孔，所述第三螺柱262的上端穿过所述的第三通孔延伸至所述安装架腹板211的上方。所述的第三螺柱262上位于所述安装架腹板211的上方设置有第三锁紧螺母28。所述的压紧块26的第二压紧斜面2611在第三锁紧螺母28的锁紧作用下压紧在所述连接环54的前后两侧的直线部上。即所述连接环54的直线部被限制在第一压紧斜面2141和位于该第一压紧斜面2141下方的第二压紧斜面2611之间。
如图1和图2所示，所述安装架的腹板211的上侧面上设置有垂直于所述的腹板211向上延伸的立板215，所述的立板215和腹板211之间设置有加强筋板216。所述支撑架3的右端通过第二铰接轴4与所述的立板215相铰接。如图3、图7和图13所示，所述支撑架3的下侧面的左端设置有支撑块34，且所述支撑块34的左侧面上设置有一左高右低的楔紧斜面341，所述的楔紧斜面341压紧在所述第二联板522的内侧边缘上。
作为一种具体实施方式，如图1和图2所示，所述的支撑架3包括两根沿左右方向延伸的横梁31，两根所述的横梁31之间沿左右方向均匀设置有多个沿前后方方向延伸的纵梁32，所述的支撑块34固定设置于其中一个所述的纵梁32的下侧面上。所述纵梁32的前、后两端分别通过焊接的方式与所述的横梁31固定连接。所述立板215的左侧面上设置有两个第一耳板2151，两个所述的第一耳板2151之间设置有第二铰接轴4，所述的第一耳板2151上设置有与所述的铰接轴相配合的第二铰接孔。所述横梁31的右端面上设置有第二耳板33，所述的第二耳板33上设置有与所述的第二铰接轴4相配合的第三铰接孔。
进一步地，为了方便调节支撑块34的位置，从而适应不同长度的双联绝缘子串523，所述的支撑块34通过固定螺栓(图中未示出)与所述的支撑架3固定连接。作为一种具体实施方式，本实施例中所述的纵梁32上均设置有至少两个用于容纳所述固定螺栓的第四通孔，所述支撑块34的上侧面上设置有与所述的螺栓相配合的螺纹孔。所述固定螺栓的端部穿过所述的第四通孔后与所述的支撑块34螺纹连接。
进一步地，为了方便安装和保证安装架连接固定的可靠性，如图10所示，所述的下夹板12上设置有一沿左右方向贯穿所述下夹板12的定位孔1221，所述拉紧螺栓24的螺纹段的端面上同轴设置有与所述的定位孔1221相配合的定位轴241，所述定位轴241的直径与所述定位孔1221的直径相同，所述的定位轴241插入到所述的定位孔1221内，且所述下夹板12的右侧面压紧在所述定位轴241和拉紧螺栓24的螺纹段之间的台阶面上。
进一步地，如图10所示，所述拉紧螺栓24的右端固定设置有手轮242。
进一步地，如图5所示，所述下夹板12的下侧面上设置有定位凸台122，所述的定位孔1221设置于所述的定位凸台122上，并沿左右方向贯穿所述的定位凸台122。
安装过程如下：
第一，如图14所示，首先将第一固定单元1安装在连接挂板511上，此时，所述的第一锁紧螺母13只是安装在第一螺柱121上，并完全锁紧，即所述上夹板11和下夹板12的位置可以根据需要进行调整。
第二，如图15所示，将安装架放置在连接链上，并使限位块214插入到在水平面内的投影呈封闭图形的连接环54内。
第三，如图16所示，向右转动拉杆22，使拉杆22大致处于水平状态，与此同时调整第一固定单元1的位置，直至所述的定位轴241与所述的定位孔1221冲齐。
第四，如图17所示，旋动拉紧螺栓24的手轮242，使拉紧螺栓24向左移动，直至所述的定位轴241插入到所述的定位孔1221内，并压紧在所述下夹板12的右侧面上。
第五，如图18所示，安装压紧块26；
第六，如图19所示，安装支撑架3，使支撑架3的右端与所述的安装架的立板215相铰接，然后，在所述支撑架3的悬空端系上绳索，并通过拉拽绳索的方式使支撑架3向左转动，直至所述支撑块34的楔紧斜面341压紧在所述第二联板522的内边缘上，即如图1所示的状态。
实施例二
如图20和图21所示，所述翼板212的外侧面(以两翼板212相对的一侧为内侧)上均设置有截面呈T型的导向板213，且所述的导向板213与所述的腹板211相平行。优选的，所述导向板213的左侧面和右侧面分别与所述翼板212的左侧面和右侧面平齐。所述的导向板213上设置有可相对于所述的导向板213沿长度方向滑动的滑块25，即所述滑块25的内侧面(以靠近所述翼板212的一侧为内侧)上设置有与所述的导向板213相配合的截面呈T型的滑槽。所述滑块25的外侧面上设置有第一铰接轴251。
所述拉杆22的截面呈方形，所述拉杆22的一端设置有垂直于所述的拉杆22向上侧延伸的第三耳板222，所述的第三耳板222上设置有与所述第一铰接轴251相配合的第一铰接孔。所述拉杆22的另一端固定设置有垂直于所述的拉杆22向上侧延伸的连接块23，所述的连接块23上设置有用于顶紧所述下夹板12的拉紧螺栓24。
其余结构同实施例一。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种输电线路检修用爬梯，其特征在于：从右往左依次包括第一固定单元、第二固定单元和支撑架；
    所述的第一固定单元包括用于夹紧连接挂板的上夹板和下夹板；
    所述的第二固定单元包括安装架，所述的安装架包括腹板，所述腹板的前、后两端分别设置有翼板，所述的翼板上设置有拉杆，所述拉杆的一端与所述的翼板滑动铰接，所述拉杆的另一端固定设置有连接块，所述的连接块上设置有用于顶紧所述下夹板的拉紧螺栓；
    所述腹板的下侧面上设置有限位块，所述腹板的上侧面上设置有立板，所述支撑架的右端与所述的立板相铰接，所述支撑架的左端设置有支撑块，且所述支撑块的左侧面上设置有楔紧斜面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种输电线路检修用爬梯，其特征在于：所述翼板的内侧和外侧均设置有拉杆，所述的连接块位于两个所述的拉杆之间，且所述连接块的两端分别于所述的拉杆固定连接，所述的连接块上位于两个所述的拉杆之间设置有拉紧螺栓。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种输电线路检修用爬梯，其特征在于：所述翼板的内侧面和外侧面上均设置有导向板，所述的导向板上滑动设置有滑块，所述的拉杆与所述的滑块相铰接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种输电线路检修用爬梯，其特征在于：所述的导向板与所述的腹板相平行。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种输电线路检修用爬梯，其特征在于：所述限位块的前、后两侧对称设置有内低外高的第一压紧斜面。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种输电线路检修用爬梯，其特征在于：所述的安装架内设置有压紧块，所述压紧块的上侧面上设置有压紧槽，所述的压紧块上位于所述压紧槽的两侧分别设置有第三螺柱，所述的第三螺柱穿过所述的腹板延伸至所述腹板的上方，所述的第三螺柱上设置有第三锁紧螺母，所述压紧槽的前、后两侧分别设置有内低外高的第二压紧斜面。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种输电线路检修用爬梯，其特征在于：所述的支撑块通过固定螺栓与所述的支撑架固定连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种输电线路检修用爬梯，其特征在于：所述下夹板的右侧面上设置有定位孔，所述拉紧螺栓的端面上同轴设置有与所述的定位孔相配合的定位轴。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种输电线路检修用爬梯，其特征在于：所述下夹板的下侧面上设置有定位凸台，所述的定位孔设置于所述的定位凸台上。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种输电线路检修用爬梯，其特征在于：所述的拉紧螺栓上固定设置有手轮。
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