WO2022247754A1 - 电池控制电路、电池及相关电子设备 - Google Patents

电池控制电路、电池及相关电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022247754A1
WO2022247754A1 PCT/CN2022/094218 CN2022094218W WO2022247754A1 WO 2022247754 A1 WO2022247754 A1 WO 2022247754A1 CN 2022094218 W CN2022094218 W CN 2022094218W WO 2022247754 A1 WO2022247754 A1 WO 2022247754A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
switch tube
winding
current
control circuit
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PCT/CN2022/094218
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈保国
朱建华
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华为数字能源技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022247754A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022247754A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H02J7/007194Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615Heating or keeping warm
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63Control systems
    • H01M10/637Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00038Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors
    • H02J7/00041Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors in response to measured battery parameters, e.g. voltage, current or temperature profile
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0036Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0069Charging or discharging for charge maintenance, battery initiation or rejuvenation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular to a battery control circuit, a battery and related electronic equipment.
  • Lithium batteries (referred to as batteries) have the advantages of high cycle life, high energy density, and support for large rate charge and discharge.
  • batteries Lithium batteries
  • the internal resistance of the battery increases and the capacity rapidly decays, and charging the battery at low temperature also has the risk of lithium deposition at the negative electrode of the battery.
  • the battery cannot work normally in a low temperature environment.
  • the battery can be heated first, so that the temperature of the battery can reach the temperature required for normal operation, and then the battery is charged or discharged.
  • the application provides a battery control circuit, a battery and related electronic equipment, which can use the energy of the battery pack to realize charging and discharging, and the charging and discharging current will generate Joule heat on the internal resistance of the battery pack to heat the battery , high heating efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery control circuit, the battery control circuit is connected in parallel at both ends of the positive and negative poles of the battery pack, the battery control circuit includes a first inductor, a first switch tube, a second switch tube , the first diode and the second diode.
  • the first switching tube and the second switching tube are turned on at the same time, and the battery pack is in a discharging state; or, the first switching tube and the second switching tube are turned off simultaneously, and the battery pack is in a charging state. Due to the internal resistance of the battery pack, no matter the battery pack is in the discharge state or the battery pack is in the charging state, there will be current flowing through the internal resistance of the battery pack, and the internal resistance will generate Joule heat, thereby heating the battery.
  • the battery control circuit in the embodiment of the present application only needs to control the two switch tubes to be turned on or off at the same time, and the energy of the battery pack can be used to realize charging and discharging.
  • the charging and discharging currents are both at The internal resistance of the battery pack generates heat to heat the battery.
  • the heating efficiency is high, and the number of switch tubes used is small, the drive control is simple, and the cost is also low.
  • the first switching tube and the second switching tube are not in the same bridge arm, so there is no risk of a short circuit caused by a direct connection between the upper and lower tubes of the same bridge arm, and the safety is high.
  • the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application can be used to heat the battery first, and then the battery is connected to the outside (such as with the load) interact with at least one of the chargers). Furthermore, when the battery interacts with the outside, such as discharging to a load, receiving charging from a charger, etc., since the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the battery, it is different from the interaction between the battery and the outside. conflict. In other words, when the battery interacts with the outside, the battery pack can still heat the battery by charging and discharging through the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the internal resistance of the battery pack will still have a current flow, but the magnitude of the current is affected by the load. If the load resistance is relatively large, If the current flowing through the internal resistance of the battery pack is relatively small, the ability to heat the battery is insufficient and the reliability is not good; for another example, even if the battery is connected to a charger, if the charging current of the charger is relatively small, the battery will flow The current of the internal resistance of the package will be relatively small, and the energy for heating the battery is still not enough.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not rely on external heating for the battery, but utilizes the energy of the battery pack itself to realize the charging and discharging of the battery pack through the battery control circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application, and the charging and discharging currents are uniform. Heat is generated on the internal resistance of the battery pack to heat the battery, which is convenient and reliable.
  • the battery control circuit further includes a control module, and the control module is coupled to the third terminal of the first switching transistor and the third terminal of the second switching transistor.
  • the battery control circuit further includes a temperature detection module, which can detect the temperature of the battery pack and convert the temperature of the battery pack to The temperature is sent to the control module; when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the preset temperature, the control module can control the state of the first switch tube and the second switch tube to be turned on and off at the same time according to the preset frequency switch between.
  • the control module controls the first switch tube and the second switch tube to be turned on at the same time, the battery pack is in a discharge state, and part of the energy of the battery pack is transferred to the first inductor (that is, the battery pack excites the first inductor).
  • the control module can also transfer part of the energy on the first inductor to the battery pack by controlling the first switch tube and the second switch tube to be turned off at the same time (that is, the first inductor demagnetizes), that is, the first inductor demagnetizes the above-mentioned battery pack. Charging, at this time, the battery pack not only recovers its own energy, but also releases the energy on the first inductor, so that the first inductor can accept the energy transferred by the battery pack when the battery pack is discharged again, and realize the above-mentioned battery pack cycle The reciprocating discharge and charge continue to heat the battery.
  • the control module switches the state of the first switch tube and the second switch tube, which can ensure the continuity of battery pack discharge and charge, and recover the energy of the battery pack, improving the energy utilization of the embodiment of the present application. rate, good applicability.
  • the battery control circuit further includes a current detection module, which can detect the current of the first inductor; the control module can obtain The current of the first inductor detected by the current detection module determines the preset frequency.
  • the preset frequency can be determined by the current of the first inductor, which can better control the charging and discharging of the battery pack and improve the energy utilization rate of the battery pack.
  • the above-mentioned preset frequency may be implemented by the above-mentioned control module according to the time interval between the first moment and the second moment Determined; wherein, the first moment is the moment when the control module detects that the current of the first inductance increases to the first preset current; the second moment is when the control module detects that the first inductance decreases to the second Two preset current moments.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery control circuit, the battery control circuit is connected in parallel at both ends of the positive and negative poles of the battery pack, and the battery control circuit includes a first inductor, a first switch tube and a second switch tube , wherein the first inductor includes a first winding and a second winding, and the first end of the first winding and the first end of the second winding are terminals with the same name.
  • the terminal with the same name refers to the alternating current in the first winding and the second winding to generate a magnetic field.
  • the first end of the first winding is coupled to the positive pole of the battery pack
  • the second end of the first winding is coupled to the first end of the first switching tube
  • the second end of the first switching tube is coupled to the negative pole of the battery pack
  • the second end of the second winding is coupled to the positive pole of the battery pack
  • the first end of the second winding is coupled to the first end of the second switch tube
  • the second end of the second switch tube is coupled to the negative pole of the battery pack
  • the first switch tube and the second switch tube are turned on alternately.
  • the embodiment of the present application is another possible implementation manner of the battery control circuit.
  • the first switch tube and the second switch tube are turned on alternately, the heat generation of the switch tube is relatively uniform, and the battery control circuit has good safety and high reliability.
  • the battery pack when the first switch tube is turned on and the second switch tube is turned off, the battery pack is in a discharging state; or, when the second switch tube is turned on , when the first switching tube is turned off, the battery pack is in a charging state.
  • the first switch tube when the first switch tube is turned on and the second switch tube is turned off, if the current direction of the first winding is the first direction, the battery pack in a discharging state; or, when the above-mentioned second switching tube is turned on and the above-mentioned first switching tube is off, if the current direction of the above-mentioned second winding is the second direction, the battery pack is in a charging state; or, when the above-mentioned second switching tube is turned off, the battery pack is in a charging state;
  • the switch tube is turned on and the first switch tube is turned off, if the current direction of the second winding is the first direction, the battery pack is in a discharge state; or, when the first switch tube is turned on, the second switch
  • the tube is turned off, if the current direction of the first winding is the second direction, the battery pack is in the charging state; wherein the first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • the difference between the embodiment of the present application and the first possible implementation in combination with the second aspect is that when the first switch tube is turned on and the second switch tube is turned off, the battery pack can be in either a discharging state or a charging state; the second When the switch tube is turned on and the first switch tube is turned off, the battery pack can be in either a charging state or a discharging state.
  • the on-off states of the switching tubes in the charging state and the discharging state are the same (that is, the second switching tube is turned on, the first switching tube is turned off, or the first switching tube is turned on, and the second switching tube is turned off). , the on-off state of the switch tube can be switched without frequent switching, the switching loss is reduced, and the heating efficiency of the battery control circuit is further improved.
  • the battery control circuit further includes a control module, and the control module is connected to the third terminal of the first switch tube And the third end of the second switching tube is coupled.
  • the battery control circuit further includes a temperature detection module, which can detect the temperature of the battery pack, and The temperature is sent to the control module; the control module can control the first switch tube and the second switch tube to be turned on alternately according to a preset frequency when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than a preset temperature.
  • the battery control circuit further includes a current detection module, which can detect the current of the first winding and the current of the second winding
  • the above-mentioned control module can acquire the current of the above-mentioned first winding and the current of the above-mentioned second winding detected by the above-mentioned current detection module, and determine the above-mentioned preset frequency.
  • the above-mentioned preset frequency may be set by the above-mentioned control module according to the time interval between the first moment and the second moment Determined; wherein, the first moment is the moment when the control module detects that the current of the first inductance increases to the first preset current; the second moment is when the control module detects that the first inductance decreases to the second Two preset current moments.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery control circuit
  • the battery control circuit includes a first battery cell and a second battery cell, wherein the positive pole of the first battery cell is coupled to the negative pole of the second battery cell;
  • the battery control circuit includes a first inductor, a first switch tube, and a second switch tube, wherein the first inductor includes a first winding and a second winding, and the first end of the first winding and the first end of the second winding is the end of the same name.
  • the terminal with the same name refers to the alternating current in the first winding and the second winding to generate a magnetic field.
  • the first end of the first winding is coupled to the positive pole of the second cell, the second end of the first winding is coupled to the first end of the first switching tube, and the second end of the first switching tube is coupled to the first electrode
  • the negative pole of the core; the second end of the second winding is coupled to the positive pole of the first electric core, the first end of the second winding is coupled to the first end of the second switching tube, and the second end of the second switching tube is coupled to The negative pole of the above-mentioned first electric core.
  • the first switch tube and the second switch tube are turned on alternately.
  • the first battery cell and the second battery cell are discharged at the same time, and only the first battery cell is charged, or only the first battery cell is discharged, and the first battery cell and the second battery cell are charged at the same time. Then at this time, the calorific value of the first cell is greater than that of the second cell, and the embodiment of the present application can be applied to different cells.
  • the temperature tolerance of the first cell is lower than that of the second cell and the second cell.
  • the internal resistance of one cell is greater than the internal resistance of the second cell and so on. In other words, the implementation of the embodiment of the present application can better adapt to the differences among the various batteries, and has good applicability.
  • the first switch tube when the first switch tube is turned on and the second switch tube is turned off, the first cell and the second cell are in a discharging state; or, When the second switch tube is turned on and the first switch tube is turned off, the first cell is in a charging state.
  • the first switching tube when the first switching tube is turned on and the second switching tube is turned off, if the current direction of the first winding is the first direction, the first Both the cell and the second cell are in a discharge state; or, when the second switch is turned on and the first switch is turned off, if the current direction of the second winding is the second direction, the first A cell is in a charging state; or, when the second switching tube is turned on and the first switching tube is off, if the current direction of the second winding is in the first direction, the first cell is in a discharging state or, when the first switch tube is turned on and the second switch tube is turned off, if the current direction of the first winding is the second direction, the first cell and the second cell are in a charging state.
  • the battery control circuit includes a control module, and the control module is connected to the third terminal of the first switch tube and The third end of the second switch tube is coupled.
  • the battery control circuit further includes a temperature detection module, which can detect the temperature of the first battery cell and the second battery cell. temperature, and send the temperature of the first battery cell and the second battery cell to the above-mentioned control module; When the temperature is set, the above-mentioned first switch tube and the above-mentioned second switch tube are controlled to conduct alternately according to a preset frequency.
  • the battery control circuit further includes a current detection module, which can detect the current of the first winding and the current of the second winding.
  • Current the control module can obtain the current of the first winding and the current of the second winding detected by the current detection module, and determine the preset frequency.
  • the above-mentioned preset frequency may be set by the above-mentioned control module according to the time interval between the first moment and the second moment Determined; wherein, the first moment is the moment when the control module detects that the current of the first inductance increases to the first preset current; the second moment is when the control module detects that the first inductance decreases to the second Two preset current moments.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery, the battery includes a battery pack and a battery control circuit in any possible implementation manner as in the first aspect or in combination with the first aspect, as in the second aspect or in combination with the second aspect
  • the battery control circuit in any possible implementation manner of the aspect, such as the battery control circuit in any possible implementation manner of the third aspect or a combination of the third aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes a load and the battery as described in the fourth aspect, and the battery can supply power to the load.
  • Figure 1 is a battery provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic diagram of the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic waveform diagram of a battery control circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 4A-4B are part of the equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic circuit diagram of the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • 6A-6B are another schematic waveform diagrams of the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • 7A-7B are another part of the equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic waveform diagram of the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • 9A-9B are another part of the equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is another schematic circuit diagram of the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • 11A-11D are another part of the equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is another battery provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery 10 includes a battery pack 101 and a battery control circuit 102 .
  • the battery pack 101 may include at least one battery cell (also called a single battery).
  • M battery cells may be connected in series and parallel to form a module
  • N modules may be connected in series and parallel to form a battery pack, wherein M and N are both positive integers. Therefore, the battery pack in the embodiment of the present application may also be called a battery pack.
  • the battery control circuit 102 is connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 101 . It can be understood that the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 101 are the positive terminal B+ and the negative terminal B ⁇ of the battery 10 . In the embodiment of the present application, the battery control circuit 102 can be directly connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 101 without drawing the middle tap from the battery pack 101 , which can reduce the complexity of battery pack assembly.
  • the battery control circuit 102 can be provided by the manufacturer of the battery. That is, as shown in FIG. In other words, the battery 10 has a self-heating function.
  • the battery control circuit can be set independently of the battery pack (not shown in the figure), and the battery control circuit and the battery pack are connected through wires.
  • the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application may be connected in parallel at the positive and negative terminals of the battery.
  • the battery 10 may also include a battery management system BMS, which can detect the temperature of the battery pack 101, obtain the remaining power of the battery pack 101, obtain information such as the terminal voltage of the battery pack 101, and The charging and discharging of the battery 10 is controlled accordingly based on the acquired information.
  • BMS battery management system
  • the embodiments of the present application can use the energy of the battery pack to realize charging and discharging, and the charging and discharging currents generate heat on the internal resistance of the battery pack to heat the battery.
  • the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 12 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a first inductor L1 , a first switching tube S1 , a second switching tube S2 , a first diode D1 and a second diode D2 .
  • each switching tube is an exemplary illustration of a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET). It should be understood that each switching tube can also be a relay, a contactor, an insulating barrier Bipolar transistor (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT), triode, etc.
  • MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
  • both the first end (that is, the drain) of the first switch tube S1 and the cathode of the first diode D1 are coupled to the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, and the second end (that is, the source) of the first switch tube S1 One end of the first inductor L1 and the cathode of the second diode D2 are coupled.
  • the anode of the first diode D1 is coupled to the other end of the first inductor L1 and the first end (ie, the drain) of the second switch tube S2, and the second end (ie, the source) of the second switch tube S2 and the second end of the second switch tube S2
  • the anodes of the pole tube D2 are both coupled to the negative pole B- of the battery pack.
  • connection between A and B can be direct connection between A and B, or indirect connection between A and B through one or more other electrical components, for example, it can be direct connection between A and C, and direct connection between C and B. , so that A and B are connected through C.
  • the battery control circuit in the embodiment of the present application further includes a control module 201, and the control module 201 is connected to the third terminal (ie, the gate) of the first switching transistor S1 and the second terminal of the second switching transistor S2.
  • the control module 201 may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), other general processors, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), Off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field-programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • control module 201 may also be specifically implemented as a BMS in the battery.
  • BMS Battery-to-Semiconductor
  • the battery control circuit further includes a temperature detection module 202, which can detect the temperature of the battery pack.
  • the temperature detection module 202 may be specifically a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor may be located on the surface of the battery pack. If the battery pack includes multiple cells, the temperature detection module 202 is also provided with multiple temperature sensors correspondingly, and a temperature sensor is correspondingly provided on the surface of each cell for detecting the temperature of each cell.
  • the temperature detection module 202 is coupled with the control module 201 , and the temperature detection module 202 can send the detected temperature of the battery pack to the control module 201 .
  • the control module 201 controls the first switching tube S1 and the second switching tube S2 to switch between simultaneous on and simultaneous off states according to a first preset frequency.
  • the first preset temperature is a critical temperature at which the battery pack can work normally, is an inherent property of the battery pack, and is related to at least one of the battery pack's manufacturer, manufacturing process, and battery model.
  • the battery pack is in a discharging state.
  • the first switching tube S1 and the second switching tube S2 are turned off at the same time, since the current at both ends of the inductor cannot change abruptly, the current of the first inductor L1 passes through the first diode D1, the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, and the negative pole of the battery pack B- and the second diode D2 form a closed loop.
  • the first inductor L1 charges the battery pack, and the battery pack is in a charging state. It should be understood that the current direction of the battery pack in the discharging state is opposite to the current direction of the battery pack in the charging state.
  • the above-mentioned first preset frequency is a fixed value preset by the control module 201 .
  • the control module 201 controls the first switching tube S1 and the second switching tube S2 to be turned on simultaneously during the time period of 0-0.5 ms, and the battery pack is in a discharging state at this time.
  • the control module 201 controls the first switching tube S1 and the second switching tube S2 to be turned off simultaneously during the time period of 0.5 ms-1 ms, and the battery pack is in a charging state at this time.
  • the control module 201 simultaneously switches the on-off states of the first switching tube S1 and the second switching tube S2 at a time period of 1 ms, that is, the above-mentioned first preset frequency is 1 kHz.
  • the time for the first switch tube S1 and the second switch tube S2 to switch from the simultaneously on state to the simultaneously off state is relatively short.
  • the first preset frequency is at the kHz level
  • the switching time period is It is at the ms level, which can reduce the accumulation of lithium ions in the battery pack on the negative electrode of the battery cell.
  • the embodiment of the present application can reduce the possibility of lithium deposition at the negative electrode when the battery is charged in a low-temperature environment, and has high safety.
  • the battery control circuit further includes a current detection module 203, and the current detection module 203 can detect the current of the first inductor L1.
  • the control module 201 may obtain the current of the first inductor L1 detected by the current detection module 203, and determine the above-mentioned first preset frequency according to the current of the first inductor L1.
  • the current detection module 203 may specifically be a resistance or a current sensor or the like.
  • the control module 201 can obtain the current of the first inductor L1 after controlling the first switching tube S1 and the second switching tube S2 to be turned on simultaneously, and record the moment when the current of the first inductor L1 increases to the first preset current as The first moment T1; and at the first moment T1, control the first switching tube S1 and the second switching tube S2 to be disconnected at the same time, obtain the current of the first inductor L1, and record that the current of the first inductor L1 is reduced to the second preset current
  • the moment is the second moment T2, and at the second moment T2, the first switching tube S1 and the second switching tube S2 are controlled to be turned on simultaneously.
  • the first preset frequency can be determined in the battery control circuit, which can better control the charging and discharging of the battery pack, effectively utilize the energy of the battery pack, and improve the energy utilization rate of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic waveform diagram of the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the control module 201 simultaneously transmits High level, the first switching tube S1 and the second switching tube S2 are turned on at the same time.
  • the partial equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 2 can be referred to in FIG. 4A.
  • the two switch tubes S2 form a closed circuit to the negative pole B- of the battery pack.
  • the current in the closed loop excites the first inductor L1, and the current in the first inductor L1 increases.
  • the closed loop current flows through the internal resistance of the battery pack, generating Joule heat on the internal resistance of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack can be discharged through the battery control circuit to heat the battery.
  • the control module 201 sends a low level to the gate of the first switching transistor S1 and the gate of the second switching transistor S2 at the same time, and the first switching transistor S1 and the second switching transistor S2 are simultaneously turned off .
  • part of the equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 2 can be referred to in FIG. 4B.
  • the current of the first inductor L1 continues to flow, and the current from the first inductor L1 passes through the first diode D1 , the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the negative pole B- of the battery pack and the second diode D2 form a closed loop to charge the battery pack.
  • the first inductor L1 is demagnetized, and the current of the first inductor L1 decreases. And the current in the closed loop also passes through the internal resistance of the battery pack, generating Joule heat on the internal resistance of the battery. In other words, the battery pack can be charged and heated by the battery control circuit.
  • the battery control circuit in the embodiment of this application only needs to control the two switch tubes to be turned on or off at the same time, that is, the first switch tube and the second switch tube are either at the same high level (that is, at the same time), or both are at the same time. Low level (that is, simultaneous shutdown), the energy of the battery pack can be used to realize charging and discharging. Both the charging and discharging current generate heat on the internal resistance of the battery pack, heating the battery, and the heating efficiency is high.
  • the number of switching tubes used is small, the driving control is simple, and the cost is also low.
  • the first switch tube and the second switch tube are not on the same bridge arm, there is no risk of direct short circuit between the upper and lower tubes, the circuit is simple and reliable, and the safety is high.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic circuit diagram of the battery control circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery control circuit is connected in parallel between the positive pole B+ of the battery pack and the negative pole B- of the battery pack.
  • the battery control circuit includes a first inductor L2, a first switch tube S3 and a second switch tube S4, wherein the first inductor L2 includes a first winding and a second winding, the first end of the first winding and the second winding of the second winding One end is the end of the same name.
  • the first switching tube S3 and the second switching tube S4 being MOSFETs as an example.
  • the first end of the first winding is coupled to the positive pole B+ of the battery pack
  • the second end of the first winding is coupled to the first end (that is, the drain) of the first switching transistor S3, and the second end of the first switching transistor S3 (that is, the source) to the negative pole B- of the battery pack.
  • the second end of the second winding is coupled to the positive pole B+ of the battery pack
  • the first end of the second winding is coupled to the first end (i.e. the drain) of the second switch S4, and the second end (i.e. the source) of the second switch S4 ) to the negative pole B- of the battery pack.
  • the battery control circuit in the embodiment of the present application further includes a control module 501, and the control module 501 is connected to the third terminal (ie, the gate) of the first switching transistor S3 and the second terminal of the second switching transistor S4. Three-terminal (ie gate) coupling.
  • the control module 501 may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), other general processors, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), Off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field-programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • control module 501 can also specifically implement the BMS in the battery.
  • BMS in the prior art, which will not be repeated here.
  • the battery control circuit further includes a temperature detection module 502, which can detect the temperature of the battery pack.
  • the temperature detection module 502 may be specifically a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor may be located on the surface of the battery pack. If the battery pack includes multiple cells, the temperature detection module 502 is also provided with a plurality of temperature sensors correspondingly, and a temperature sensor is correspondingly provided on the surface of each cell for detecting the temperature of each cell.
  • the temperature detection module 502 is coupled with the control module 501 , and the temperature detection module 502 can send the detected temperature of the battery pack to the control module 501 .
  • the control module 501 controls the first switching tube S3 and the second switching tube S4 to be turned on alternately according to the second preset frequency when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the second preset temperature.
  • the second preset temperature is a critical temperature at which the battery pack can work normally, is an inherent property of the battery pack, and is related to at least one factor among the battery pack manufacturer, manufacturing process and or battery model.
  • the positive pole B+, the first winding, and the first switch tube S3 of the battery pack can be connected to the negative pole B- of the battery pack.
  • a closed loop is formed.
  • the battery pack is in a discharging state, and the current of the first winding increases along the first direction.
  • the second switching tube S4 is turned on and the first switching tube S3 is turned off, the energy obtained by the first winding in the first inductor L2 when the battery pack is in a discharging state is released through the second winding in the first inductor L2 .
  • the second winding forms a closed loop through the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the negative pole B- of the battery pack, and the second switch tube S4.
  • the second winding charges the battery pack.
  • the battery pack is in the charging state, and the current of the second winding goes along The second direction decreases, wherein the first direction and the second direction are opposite. That is, the current direction of the battery pack in the discharging state is opposite to the current direction of the battery pack in the charging state.
  • the second preset frequency is a fixed value preset by the control module 501 .
  • the control module 501 controls the first switching tube S3 to be turned on and the second switching tube S4 to be turned off during the time period of 0-0.1 ms.
  • the battery pack is in a discharging state.
  • the control module 501 controls the first switching tube S3 to be turned off and the second switching tube S4 to be turned on during the time period of 0.1 ms-0.2 ms.
  • the battery pack is in a charging state.
  • the battery pack completes a charge and discharge within the time period of 0-0.2ms.
  • the control module 501 controls the first switching tube S3 to be turned on and the second switching tube S4 to be turned off during the time period of 0.2-0.3 ms. At this time, the battery pack is in a discharging state.
  • the control module 501 controls the first switching tube S3 to be turned off and the second switching tube S4 to be turned on during the time period of 0.3ms-0.4ms. At this time, the battery pack is in the charging state, and so on for cyclic charging and discharging.
  • the control module 501 alternately turns on the first switching tube S3 and the second switching tube S4 at a time period of 0.2 ms, that is, the above-mentioned second preset frequency is 5 kHz.
  • the state of the above-mentioned battery pack can be selected.
  • the control module 501 can only control the first switch S3 to turn on, the second switch S4 to turn off, and the battery pack is in the discharge state, or the control module 501 can only control The first switching tube S3 is controlled to be turned off, the second switching tube S4 is turned on, and the battery pack is in a charging state.
  • the above example is only a manner in a specific implementation, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
  • the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the first winding, and the first switch tube S3 can be connected to the battery pack.
  • the negative electrode B- forms a closed loop, and the battery pack is in a discharge state at this time, and the current of the first winding increases along the first direction.
  • the second switching tube S4 is turned on and the first switching tube S3 is turned off, the energy obtained by the first winding in the first inductor L2 when the battery pack is in a discharging state is released through the second winding in the first inductor L2 .
  • the second winding forms a closed loop through the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the negative pole B- of the battery pack, and the second switch tube S4.
  • the second winding charges the battery pack.
  • the battery pack is in the charging state, and the current of the second winding goes along The second direction decreases.
  • the control module 501 does not change the on-off state of each switch tube, that is, the second switch tube S4 is turned on, the first switch tube S3 is turned off, and the battery The package is in discharge state.
  • the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the second winding, the second switch tube S4 and the negative pole B ⁇ of the battery pack form a closed loop, and the current of the second winding increases along the first direction.
  • a second preset threshold such as 10A
  • the first switching tube S3 is turned on
  • the second switching tube S4 is turned off
  • the second winding of the first inductor L2 is obtained when the battery pack is in a discharging state.
  • the energy of is released through the first winding of the first inductor L2.
  • the first winding forms a closed loop through the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the negative pole B- of the battery pack, and the first switch tube S3, and the first winding charges the battery pack.
  • the second direction decreases.
  • the on-off states of the switch tubes in the charging state and the discharging state can be the same (that is, both the second switch tube S4 is turned on, the first switch tube S3 is turned off, or both the first switch tube S3 is turned on, and the second switch tube S3 is turned on.
  • the tube S4 is turned off), so that the on-off state of the switch tube can be switched without frequent switching, the switching loss is reduced, and the heating efficiency of the battery control circuit is further improved.
  • the control module 501 controls the first switching tube S3 to turn on, the second switching tube S4 to turn off, and the current of the first winding increases along the first direction during the time period of 0-0.1 ms. At this time, the battery The package is in discharge state. During the time period of 0.1ms-0.2ms, the control module 501 controls the second switch tube S4 to turn on, the first switch tube S3 to turn off, and the current of the second winding decreases along the second direction. At this time, the battery pack is charging state. The difference is that during the period of 0.2-0.3 ms, the control module 501 keeps controlling the second switching tube S4 to turn on, the first switching tube S3 to turn off, and the current of the second winding increases along the first direction.
  • the control module 501 controls the first switch tube S3 to turn on, the second switch tube S4 to turn off, the current of the first winding decreases along the second direction, and the battery pack is now charging state.
  • the control module 501 turns on the first switching tube S3 and the second switching tube S4 alternately at a time period of 0.4 ms, and at this time the second preset frequency is 2.5 kHz.
  • the battery control circuit further includes a current detection module 503, and the current detection module 503 can detect the current of the first winding and the current of the second winding.
  • the current detection module 503 detects the current of the first winding; when the battery pack is in a charging state, the current detection module 503 detects the current of the second winding.
  • the control module 501 can acquire the current of the first winding and the current of the second winding detected by the current detection module 503, and determine the second preset frequency according to the current of the first winding and the current of the second winding.
  • the current detection module 503 may specifically be a resistance or a current sensor or the like.
  • the control module 501 can acquire the current of the first winding after controlling the first switching tube S3 to be turned on and the second switching tube S4 to be turned off, and record the moment when the current of the first winding increases to the first preset current as the second A moment T3; and at the first moment T3, control the first switch tube S3 to turn off and the second switch tube S4 to turn on, obtain the current of the second winding, and record the moment when the current of the second winding decreases to the second preset current is the second time T4, and the first switch S3 is controlled to be turned on and the second switch S4 is turned off at the second time T4.
  • control module 501 may obtain the current of the first winding after controlling the first switching tube S3 to be turned on and the second switching tube S4 to be turned off, and record the moment when the current of the first winding increases to the first preset current as At the first moment T5; and at the first moment T5, control the first switching tube S3 to turn off and the second switching tube S4 to turn on, obtain the current of the second winding, and record that the current of the second winding is reduced to the second preset current
  • the time is the second time T6.
  • the control module 501 does not change the on-off state of the first switching tube and the second switching tube until the current of the second winding increases to the above-mentioned first preset current, and controls the first switching tube S3 is turned on and the second switch S4 is turned off.
  • the first switch S3 is controlled to be turned off and the second switch S4 is turned on.
  • FIG. 6A is another schematic waveform diagram of the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the control module 501 sends a high level to the third terminal (ie, the gate) of the first switching transistor S3, and sends a high level to the third terminal (ie, the gate) of the second switching transistor S4 ( That is, the gate) sends a low level.
  • part of the equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit shown in Figure 5 can be referred to Figure 7A.
  • the negative pole B- forms a closed loop.
  • the current of the closed loop excites the first winding, and the current of the first winding increases, that is, the current of the first inductor L2 increases.
  • the closed loop current flows through the internal resistance of the battery pack, generating Joule heat on the internal resistance of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack can be discharged through the battery control circuit to heat the battery.
  • the control module 501 sends a low level to the gate of the first switching transistor S3, and sends a high level to the gate of the second switching transistor S4.
  • the partial equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 5 can be referred to FIG. 7B.
  • Inductor L2 in the second winding to release That is, the second winding passes through the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the negative pole B- of the battery pack, and the second switch tube S4 to form a closed circuit to charge the battery pack.
  • the second winding is demagnetized, and the current of the second winding decreases, that is, the current of the first inductor L2 decreases.
  • the current in the closed loop also passes through the internal resistance of the battery pack, generating Joule heat on the internal resistance of the battery. In other words, the battery pack can be charged and heated by the battery control circuit.
  • the waveform diagram of the battery control circuit in the embodiment of the present application can also be shown in FIG. 6B , and the on-off of the first switch tube S3 and the second switch tube S4 can be controlled according to the waveform schematic diagram shown in FIG. 6B , to obtain The equivalent circuit diagram of is still shown in Fig. 7A and Fig. 7B.
  • the difference between the waveform schematic diagram shown in FIG. 6B and FIG. 6A is the difference of the first inductance L2.
  • the first switching tube S3 is controlled to be turned on, and the current of the first inductor L2 is a trapezoidal wave.
  • the embodiment of the present application can reduce the current peak value in the battery control circuit, has low requirements on the current stress of each switch tube, and has strong applicability.
  • the embodiment of the present application is another possible implementation manner of the battery control circuit.
  • the first switch tube and the second switch tube are turned on alternately, the heat generation of the switch tube is relatively uniform, and the battery control circuit has good safety and high reliability.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic waveform diagram of the battery control circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery pack can be in a discharging state or a charging state; when the second switch tube S4 is turned on, the first switch tube S3 is turned off , the battery pack can be in a charging state or a discharging state.
  • the control module 501 sends a high level to the third terminal (ie, the gate) of the first switching transistor S3, and sends a high level to the third terminal (ie, the gate) of the second switching transistor S4.
  • Pole sends a low level
  • the battery pack is in a discharge state.
  • the partial equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 5 is still as shown in FIG. 7A, and the current direction of the battery pack discharge is the first direction, that is, from the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the first winding, and the first switch tube.
  • S3 to the negative pole B- of the battery pack forms a closed loop. At this moment, the current of the closed loop excites the first winding, and the current of the first winding increases, that is, the current of the first inductor L2 increases.
  • the control module 501 sends a low level to the gate of the first switch S3, and sends a high level to the gate of the second switch S4, and the battery pack is in the charging state.
  • the partial equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 5 is still as shown in FIG. 7B.
  • the energy obtained by the first winding in the first inductor L2 when the battery pack is in a discharging state is passed through the energy obtained by the first winding in the first inductor L2. Second winding to release.
  • the current direction for charging the battery pack is the second direction, that is, the second winding passes through the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the negative pole B- of the battery pack, and the second switch tube S4 to form a closed loop to charge the battery pack.
  • the second winding is demagnetized, and the current of the second winding decreases, that is, the current of the first inductor L2 decreases. It should be understood that the first direction and the second direction are opposite.
  • the control module 501 still sends a low level to the gate of the first switching tube S3, and sends a high level to the gate of the second switching tube S4, but at this time the battery pack is in a discharging state .
  • part of the equivalent circuit of the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 5 is shown in FIG. 9A.
  • the direction of the battery discharge current is still the first direction, that is, from the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the second winding, and the second switch tube S4
  • To the negative pole B- of the battery pack forms a closed loop.
  • the current of the closed loop excites the second winding, and the current of the second winding increases, that is, the current of the first inductor L2 increases.
  • the control module 501 sends a high level to the gate of the first switch S3, and sends a low level to the gate of the second switch S4, and the battery pack is in the charging state.
  • a partial equivalent circuit of the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 5 is shown in FIG. 9B.
  • the energy obtained by the second winding in the first inductor L2 when the battery pack is in a discharging state passes through the second winding in the first inductor L2. One winding to release.
  • the current direction for charging the battery pack is the second direction, that is, the first winding passes through the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the negative pole B- of the battery pack, and the first switch tube S3 to form a closed loop to charge the battery pack.
  • the first winding is demagnetized, and the current of the first winding decreases, that is, the current of the first inductor L2 decreases.
  • the current passes through the internal resistance of the battery pack along the first direction, generating Joule heat on the internal resistance of the battery; when the battery pack is in a charging state, the current passes through the battery pack along the second direction.
  • the internal resistance of the battery also generates Joule heat on the internal resistance of the battery.
  • the energy of the battery pack is used to realize charging and discharging. Both the charging and discharging current generate heat on the internal resistance of the battery pack to heat the battery, and the heating efficiency is high.
  • FIG. 10 is another schematic circuit diagram of the battery control circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery pack includes a first battery cell B1 and a second battery cell B2 , wherein the positive pole of the first battery cell B1 is coupled to the negative pole of the second battery cell B2 .
  • the battery control circuit in the embodiment of the present application includes a first inductor L2, a first switching tube S3 and a second switching tube S4, wherein the first inductor L2 includes a first winding and a second winding, and the first end of the first winding and the The first end of the second winding is the end of the same name.
  • first switch tube S3 and the second switch tube S4 are MOSFETs.
  • the first end of the first winding is coupled to the positive pole of the second cell B2 (i.e. the positive pole B+ of the battery pack), the second end of the first winding is coupled to the first end (i.e. the drain) of the first switching tube S3, and the first switch
  • the second end of the tube S3 ie, the source
  • the second end of the tube S3 is coupled to the negative pole of the first cell B1 (ie, the negative pole B ⁇ of the battery pack).
  • the second end of the second winding is coupled to the positive pole of the first cell B1
  • the first end of the second winding is coupled to the first end (i.e. the drain) of the second switching transistor S4
  • the second end (i.e. drain) of the second switching transistor S4 i.e. source
  • the battery control circuit in the embodiment of the present application further includes at least one of the control module 1001, the temperature detection module 1002 and the current detection module 1003, and the specific description can refer to the implementation described above in conjunction with FIG. 5 example, will not be repeated here.
  • the positive pole B+, the first winding, and the first switch tube S3 of the battery pack can be connected to the negative pole B- of the battery pack.
  • a closed loop is formed, and at this time, the first cell B1 and the second cell B2 are both in a discharging state, and the current of the first winding increases along the first direction.
  • the second switching tube S4 is turned on and the first switching tube S3 is turned off, the energy obtained by the first winding in the first inductor L2 when the battery pack is in a discharging state is released through the second winding in the first inductor L2 .
  • the second winding forms a closed loop through the positive pole of the first battery B1, the negative pole of the first battery B1, and the second switch tube S4, and the second winding charges the first battery B1.
  • the first battery B1 is in In the charging state, the current of the second winding decreases along the second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are opposite.
  • the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the first winding, and the first switch tube S3 can be connected to the battery pack.
  • the negative electrode B- forms a closed loop, at this time the first cell B1 and the second cell B2 are both in a discharge state, and the current of the first winding increases along the first direction.
  • the second switching tube S4 is turned on and the first switching tube S3 is turned off, the energy obtained by the first winding in the first inductor L2 when the battery pack is in a discharging state is released through the second winding in the first inductor L2 .
  • the second winding forms a closed loop through the positive pole of the first battery B1, the negative pole of the first battery B1, and the second switch tube S4, and the second winding charges the first battery B1.
  • the first battery B1 is in In the charging state, the current of the second winding decreases along the second direction.
  • the control module 1001 does not change the on-off state of each switch tube, that is, the second switch tube S4 is turned on, the first switch tube S3 is turned off, and the second switch tube S3 is turned off.
  • a cell B1 is in a discharging state.
  • the positive pole of the first cell B1, the second switching tube S4 and the negative pole of the first cell B1 form a closed loop, and the current of the second winding increases along the first direction.
  • the first switching tube S3 is turned on, the second switching tube S4 is turned off, and the second winding of the first inductor L2 is at the position of the first cell B1
  • the energy obtained in the discharge state is released through the first winding of the first inductor L2. That is, the first winding forms a closed loop through the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the negative pole B- of the battery pack, and the first switch tube S3, and the first winding charges the battery pack.
  • the second direction decreases.
  • the first battery cell and the second battery cell are discharged at the same time, and only the first battery cell is charged, or only the first battery cell is discharged, and the first battery cell and the second battery cell are discharged.
  • the batteries are charged at the same time.
  • the calorific value of the first cell is greater than that of the second cell, and the embodiment of the present application can be applied to different cells.
  • the temperature tolerance of the first cell is not as good as that of the second cell and the second cell.
  • the internal resistance of one cell is greater than the internal resistance of the second cell and so on. In other words, the implementation of the embodiment of the present application can better adapt to the differences among the various batteries, and has good applicability.
  • the battery pack including two battery cells is taken as an example, and in a specific application, it may also be a battery pack with more than two battery cells.
  • the positive pole of the first battery cell is coupled to the negative pole of the second battery cell
  • the positive pole of the second battery cell is coupled to the negative pole of the third battery cell
  • the positive pole of the third battery cell is the positive pole of the battery pack
  • the negative pole of the first battery cell is The negative terminal of the battery pack.
  • the second end of the second winding can be connected to the positive pole of the first electric core, or connected to the positive pole of the second electric core (not shown in the figure).
  • the difference between the embodiment of the present application and the embodiment described above in conjunction with FIG. 5 is that the second end of the second winding in the embodiment of the present application is coupled to the positive pole of the first battery cell B1 instead of the positive pole of the battery pack.
  • the following describes how the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 10 implements charging and discharging of a cell in the battery pack with reference to FIGS. 11A to 11D .
  • the control module 1001 sends a high level to the third terminal (ie, the gate) of the first switching transistor S3, and A low level is sent to the third terminal (ie, the gate) of the second switching transistor S4.
  • part of the equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 10 can be referred to in FIG. 11A.
  • the first switching tube S3 forms a closed loop to the negative pole B- of the battery pack.
  • the current of the closed loop excites the first winding, and the current of the first winding increases, that is, the current of the first inductor L2 increases.
  • the closed loop current flows through the internal resistance of the battery pack, generating Joule heat on the internal resistance of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack can heat the first battery cell B1 and the second battery cell B2 by discharging through the battery control circuit.
  • the control module 1001 sends a low level to the first switch S3, and sends a high level to the gate of the second switch S4.
  • part of the equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit shown in Figure 10 can be referred to Figure 11B, as shown in Figure 11B, the second winding passes through the positive pole of the first battery B1, the negative pole of the first battery B1, and the second switch tube S4 forms a closed loop to charge the first battery B1.
  • the second winding is demagnetized, and the current of the second winding decreases, that is, the current of the first inductor L2 decreases.
  • the battery control circuit only heats the first battery cell B1 during the time period from t62 to t63 .
  • control module 1001 can control the on-off of the first switch tube S3 and the second switch tube S4 according to the waveform schematic diagram shown in FIG. 6B ,
  • the obtained equivalent circuit diagram is still as shown in FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B , which will not be repeated here.
  • the battery pack when the first switch tube S3 is turned on and the second switch tube S4 is turned off, the battery pack can be in a discharging state or a charging state; when the second switch tube S4 is turned on and the first switch tube S3 is turned off, the first battery cell B1 can be in a charging state or a discharging state.
  • the control module 1001 sends a high level to the third terminal (ie, the gate) of the first switching transistor S3, and sends a high level to the third terminal (ie, the gate) of the second switching transistor S4.
  • pole sends a low level, and both the first cell B1 and the second cell B2 are in a discharging state.
  • the partial equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 10 is still as shown in FIG. 11A.
  • the current direction of the battery pack discharge is the first direction, that is, from the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the first winding, and the first switch tube.
  • S3 to the negative pole B- of the battery pack forms a closed loop. At this moment, the current of the closed loop excites the first winding, and the current of the first winding increases, that is, the current of the first inductor L2 increases.
  • the control module 1001 sends a low level to the gate of the first switching transistor S3, and sends a high level to the gate of the second switching transistor S4, and the first battery cell B1 is in a charging state.
  • the partial equivalent circuit diagram of the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 10 is still as shown in FIG. 11B.
  • the energy obtained by the first winding in the first inductor L2 when the battery pack is in a discharging state is passed through the energy obtained by the first winding in the first inductor L2. Second winding to release.
  • the current direction for charging the battery pack is the second direction, that is, the second winding passes through the positive pole of the first battery B1, the negative pole of the first battery B1, and the second switch tube S4 to form a closed loop to charge the first battery B1.
  • the second winding is demagnetized, and the current of the second winding decreases, that is, the current of the first inductor L2 decreases. It should be understood that the first direction and the second direction are opposite.
  • the control module 1001 still sends a low level to the gate of the first switching transistor S3, and sends a high level to the gate of the second switching transistor S4, but at this time the first cell B1 in discharge state.
  • part of the equivalent circuit of the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 10 is shown in FIG. 11C.
  • the direction of the discharge current of the first battery B1 is still the first direction, that is, from the positive pole of the first battery B1, the second winding,
  • the second switching tube S4 forms a closed loop to the negative pole of the first battery B1. At this moment, the current of the closed loop excites the second winding, and the current of the second winding increases, that is, the current of the first inductor L2 increases.
  • the control module 1001 sends a high level to the gate of the first switching transistor S3, and sends a low level to the gate of the second switching transistor S4, and the first battery B1 and the second battery Both cores B2 are in charging state.
  • a part of the equivalent circuit of the battery control circuit shown in FIG. 10 is shown in FIG. 11D.
  • the energy obtained by the second winding in the first inductor L2 when the first battery cell B1 is in a discharging state passes through the first inductor L2 in the first winding to release.
  • the current direction for charging the battery pack is the second direction, that is, the first winding passes through the positive pole B+ of the battery pack, the negative pole B- of the battery pack, and the first switch tube S3 to form a closed loop to charge the battery pack.
  • the first winding is demagnetized, and the current of the first winding decreases, that is, the current of the first inductor L2 decreases.
  • Fig. 12 is another battery provided in the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 12 , the middle tap is drawn from the battery pack 1201 and connected to one end of the battery control circuit 1202 , and the other end of the battery control circuit 1202 is connected to the negative pole of the battery pack 1201 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, the electronic device is provided with a load and a battery as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 12, the battery is equipped with a battery heating function, that is, the battery is equipped with any one of the aforementioned A battery control circuit.
  • the electronic device can be applied to a communication system, and the load can be implemented as a base station device in communication; the electronic device can also be applied to a photovoltaic system, and the load can be implemented as a photovoltaic inverter; the electronic device can also be implemented as a photovoltaic system. It can be embodied as electric cars, earphones and so on.
  • the units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units; Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

提供一种电池控制电路(102)、电池(10)及其相关电子设备,该电池控制电路(102)并联在电池包(101)的正负极的两端,该电池控制电路(102)包括第一电感(L1)、第一开关管(S1)、第二开关管(S2)、第一二极管(D1)和第二二极管(D2);第一开关管(S1)的第一端和第一二极管(D1)的阴极均耦合至电池包(101)的正极,第一开关管(S1)的第二端耦合第一电感(L1)的一端以及第二二极管(D2)的阴极;第一二极管(D1)的阳极耦合第一电感(L1)的另一端以及第二开关管(S2)的第一端,第二开关管(S2)的第二端和第二二极管(D2)的阳极均耦合至电池包(101)的负极;其中,第一开关管(S1)和第二开关管(S2)同时导通或同时关断,该电池控制电路(102)可以利用电池包(101)的能量来实现充电和放电,充电和放电的电流均在电池包(101)的内阻上产生焦耳热,对电池(10)进行加热,加热效率高。

Description

电池控制电路、电池及相关电子设备
本申请要求于2021年05月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110587576.2、申请名称为“电池控制电路、电池及相关电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域,尤其是一种电池控制电路、电池及其相关电子设备。
背景技术
锂电池(简称电池)具有高循环寿命、高能量密度和支持大倍率充放电等优点。然而,在低温环境下,电池内阻增大,容量快速衰减,并且在低温下对电池进行充电还存在电池负极出现析锂的风险,换句话来说,电池在低温环境下无法正常工作。为了使电池可以在低温下正常工作,可以先对电池进行加热,使该电池的温度可以达到正常工作所需的温度之后,才对该电池进行充电,或者该电池才进行放电。
现有技术通过在电池周围外置加热器或加热盒,提升电池周边的环境温度来加热电池。本申请的发明人在实践过程中发现,现有技术中的电池加热效率太低。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池控制电路、电池及其相关电子设备,可以利用电池包的能量来实现充电和放电,充电和放电的电流均在电池包的内阻上产生焦耳热,对电池进行加热,加热效率高。
第一方面,本申请实施例提供了一种电池控制电路,该电池控制电路并联在电池包的正负极的两端,该电池控制电路包括第一电感、第一开关管、第二开关管、第一二极管和第二二极管。其中,该第一开关管的第一端和该第一二极管的阴极均耦合至电池包的正极,该第一开关管的第二端耦合上述第一电感的一端以及上述第二二极管的阴极;上述第一二极管的阳极耦合上述第一电感的另一端以及上述第二开关管的第一端,上述第二开关管的第二端和上述第二二极管的阳极均耦合至电池包的负极。在具体实现中,第一开关管和第二开关管同时导通,上述电池包处于放电状态;或者,第一开关管和第二开关管同时关断,上述电池包处于充电状态。由于电池包具有内阻,无论电池包处于放电状态还是电池包处于充电状态,均会有电流流过该电池包的内阻,该内阻产生焦耳热,从而可以对电池进行加热。换句话来说,本申请实施例中的电池控制电路只需要控制两个开关管同时导通或同时关断,就可以利用电池包的能量来实现充电和放电,充电和放电的电流均在电池包的内阻上产生热量,对电池进行加热,加热效率高,并且开关管的使用数量较少,驱动控制简单,成本也低。再加上第一开关管和第二开关管不在同一个桥臂,不存在同一个桥臂上下管直通导致短路的风险,安全性高。
可以理解的是,在电池的环境温度低于该电池正常工作所需的温度时,可以先采用本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路对该电池进行加热,然后该电池再与外部(例如与负载和充电器中的至少一个)进行交互。进一步的,在该电池与外部交互,比如向负载放电、接受充电器充电等,由于本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路是并联在电池的正负极两端的,与该电池与外部的交互不冲突。换句话来说,在该电池与外部交互时,电池包依然可以通过本申请实 施例提供的电池控制电路进行充放电来对电池进行加热。然而,需要说明的是,即使电池连接着负载,向负载放电,此时电池包的内阻也会有电流流过,但该电流的大小受负载的影响,如果该负载的阻值比较大,流过电池包的内阻的电流比较小,则对电池加热的能力不够,可靠性不好;又例如,即使电池连接着充电器,如果该充电器的充电电流也比较小,则流过电池包的内阻的电流也会比较小,对电池加热的能量还是不够。所以本申请实施例可以不依赖于外部来对电池进行加热,而是利用电池包自身的能量,通过本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路来实现电池包的充电和放电,充电和放电的电流均在电池包的内阻上产生热量,对电池进行加热,方便且可靠。
结合第一方面,在第一种可能的实现方式中,上述电池控制电路还包括控制模块,上述控制模块与上述第一开关管的第三端以及上述第二开关管的第三端耦合。
结合第一方面第一种可能的实现方式,在第二种可能的实现方式中,上述电池控制电路还包括温度检测模块,该温度检测模块可以检测上述电池包的温度,并将该电池包的温度发送至上述控制模块;该控制模块可以在上述电池包的温度低于预设温度时,控制上述第一开关管和上述第二开关管按照预设频率在同时导通与同时关断的状态之间切换。具体实现中,控制模块控制第一开关管和第二开关管同时导通,上述电池包处于放电状态,电池包的部分能量转移至第一电感上(即电池包给第一电感激磁)。控制模块还可以通过控制第一开关管和第二开关管同时关断来让第一电感上的部分能量转移至电池包上(即第一电感去磁),即第一电感对上述电池包进行充电,此时电池包不仅实现将自身的能量回收,并且使得第一电感上的能量得到释放,从而使得第一电感在上述电池包再次放电时可以接受电池包转移的能量,实现上述电池包循环往复的放电和充电,持续对电池进行加热。换句话来说,控制模块对第一开关管和第二开关管的状态进行切换,可以保证电池包放电和充电的持续性,并将电池包的能量回收,提高本申请实施例的能量利用率,适用性好。
结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式,在第三种可能的实现方式中,上述电池控制电路还包括电流检测模块,该电流检测模块可以检测上述第一电感的电流;上述控制模块可以获取该电流检测模块检测到的上述第一电感的电流,确定上述预设频率。本申请实施例可以在电池控制电路中,由第一电感的电流确定预设频率,可以更好地控制电池包的充电和放电,提高电池包的能量利用率。
结合第一方面第三种可能的实现方式,在第四种可能的实现方式中,上述预设频率在具体的实现中可以是由上述控制模块根据第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔确定的;其中,该第一时刻为上述控制模块检测到上述第一电感的电流增大至第一预设电流的时刻;该第二时刻为上述控制模块检测到上述第一电感减小至第二预设电流的时刻。
第二方面,本申请实施例提供了一种电池控制电路,该电池控制电路并联在电池包的正负极的两端,该电池控制电路包括第一电感、第一开关管和第二开关管,其中,该第一电感包括第一绕组和第二绕组,该第一绕组的第一端和该第二绕组的第一端是同名端。可以理解的是,同名端是指在第一绕组和第二绕组中分别通以交流电产生磁场,当两个绕组产生磁场的磁通方向相同,则两个绕组的电流流入端就是它们的同名端。其中,该第一绕组的第一端耦合电池包的正极,该第一绕组的第二端耦合上述第一开关管的第一端,该第一开关管的第二端耦合上述电池包的负极;该第二绕组的第二端耦合电池包的正极,该第二绕组的第一端耦合上述第二开关管的第一端,该第二开关管的第二端耦合电池包的负极;在具体实现中, 第一开关管与第二开关管交替导通。本申请实施例是电池控制电路的另一种可能的实施方式,第一开关管和第二开关管交替导通,开关管的发热比较均匀,电池控制电路的安全性好,可靠性高。
结合第二方面,在第一种可能的实现方式中,当上述第一开关管导通,上述第二开关管关断时,上述电池包处于放电状态;或者,当上述第二开关管导通,上述第一开关管关断时,上述电池包处于充电状态。
结合第二方面,在第二种可能的实现方式中,当上述第一开关管导通,上述第二开关管关断时,若上述第一绕组的电流方向为第一方向时,则电池包处于放电状态;或者,当上述第二开关管导通,上述第一开关管关断时,若上述第二绕组的电流方向为第二方向,则电池包处于充电状态;或者,当上述第二开关管导通,上述第一开关管关断时,若上述第二绕组的电流方向为上述第一方向时,电池包处于放电状态;或者,当上述第一开关管导通,上述第二开关管关断时,若上述第一绕组的电流方向为上述第二方向时,电池包处于充电状态;其中该第一方向与该第二方向相反。本申请实施例相对于结合第二方面第一种可能实现方式的不同是,第一开关管导通,第二开关管关断时,电池包既可以处于放电状态也可以处于充电状态;第二开关管导通,第一开关管关断时,电池包既可以处于充电状态也可以处于放电状态。可以看出,充电状态和放电状态的开关管通断状态相同(即均是在第二开关管开通、第一开关管关断或者均是第一开关管导通,第二开关管关断),可以不用频繁地切换开关管的通断状态,降低开关损耗,进一步提高电池控制电路的加热效率。
结合第二方面或结合第二方面上述任意一种可能的实现方式,在第三种可能的实现方式中,上述电池控制电路还包括控制模块,该控制模块与上述第一开关管的第三端以及上述第二开关管的第三端耦合。
结合第二方面第三种可能的实现方式,在第四种可能的实现方式中,上述电池控制电路还包括温度检测模块,该温度检测模块可以检测上述电池包的温度,并将该电池包的温度发送至上述控制模块;该控制模块可以在电池包的温度低于预设温度时,按照预设频率控制上述第一开关管和上述第二开关管交替导通。
结合第二方面第四种可能的实现方式,在第五种可能的实现方式中,上述电池控制电路还包括电流检测模块,该电流检测模块可以将检测上述第一绕组的电流和上述第二绕组的电流;上述控制模块可以获取上述电流检测模块检测到的上述第一绕组的电流和上述第二绕组的电流,确定上述预设频率。
结合第二方面第五种可能的实现方式,在第六种可能的实现方式中,上述预设频率在具体的实现中可以是由上述控制模块根据第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔确定的;其中,该第一时刻为上述控制模块检测到上述第一电感的电流增大至第一预设电流的时刻;该第二时刻为上述控制模块检测到上述第一电感减小至第二预设电流的时刻。
第三方面,本申请实施例提供了一种电池控制电路,该电池控制电路包括第一电芯和第二电芯,其中该第一电芯的正极与该第二电芯的负极耦合;该电池控制电路包括第一电感、第一开关管和第二开关管,其中,该第一电感包括第一绕组和第二绕组,该第一绕组的第一端和该第二绕组的第一端是同名端。可以理解的是,同名端是指在第一绕组和第二绕组中分别通以交流电产生磁场,当两个绕组产生磁场的磁通方向相同,则两个绕组的电流流入端就是它们的同名端。该第一绕组的第一端耦合上述第二电芯的正极,该第一绕组的第二端耦合 上述第一开关管的第一端,该第一开关管的第二端耦合上述第一电芯的负极;该第二绕组的第二端耦合上述第一电芯的正极,该第二绕组的第一端耦合上述第二开关管的第一端,该第二开关管的第二端耦合上述第一电芯的负极。具体实现中,第一开关管与第二开关管交替导通。本申请实施例中,第一电芯和第二电芯同时放电,而只有第一电芯充电,或者只有第一电芯放电,第一电芯和第二电芯同时充电。则此时,第一电芯的发热量大于第二电芯的发热量,本申请实施例可以适用于不同的电芯,比如说第一电芯的温度耐受能力不及第二电芯、第一电芯的内阻大于第二电芯的内阻等等。换句话来说,实施本申请实施例可以较好地适应各个电芯之间的差异性,适用性好。
结合第三方面,在第一种可能的实现方式中,当上述第一开关管导通,上述第二开关管关断时,上述第一电芯和上述第二电芯处于放电状态;或者,当上述第二开关管导通,上述第一开关管关断时,上述第一电芯处于充电状态。
结合第三方面,在第二种可能的实现方式中,当上述第一开关管导通,上述第二开关管关断时,若上述第一绕组的电流方向为第一方向,则上述第一电芯和上述第二电芯均处于放电状态;或者,当上述第二开关管导通,上述第一开关管关断时,若上述第二绕组的电流方向为第二方向时,则上述第一电芯处于充电状态;或者,当上述第二开关管导通,上述第一开关管关断时,若上述第二绕组的电流电流方向为上述第一方向,上述第一电芯处于放电状态;或者,当上述第一开关管导通,上述第二开关管关断时,若上述第一绕组的电流方向为第二方向,则上述第一电芯和第二电芯处于充电状态。
结合第三方面或结合第三方面上述任意一种可能的实现方式,在第三种可能的实现方式中,上述电池控制电路包括控制模块,该控制模块与上述第一开关管的第三端以及上述第二开关管的第三端耦合。
结合第三方面第三种可能的实现方式,在第四种可能的实现方式中,上述电池控制电路还包括温度检测模块,该温度检测模块可以检测上述第一电芯和上述第二电芯的温度,并将该第一电芯和该第二电芯的温度发送至上述控制模块;该控制模块可以在该第一电芯和该第二电芯中的至少一个电芯的温度低于预设温度时,按照预设频率控制上述第一开关管和上述第二开关管交替导通。
结合第三方面第四种可能的实现方式,在第五种可能的实现方式中,上述电池控制电路还包括电流检测模块,该电流检测模块可以检测上述第一绕组的电流和上述第二绕组的电流;上述控制模块可以获取该电流检测模块检测到的上述第一绕组的电流和上述第二绕组的电流,确定上述预设频率。
结合第三方面第五种可能的实现方式,在第六种可能的实现方式中,上述预设频率在具体的实现中可以是由上述控制模块根据第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔确定的;其中,该第一时刻为上述控制模块检测到上述第一电感的电流增大至第一预设电流的时刻;该第二时刻为上述控制模块检测到上述第一电感减小至第二预设电流的时刻。
第四方面,本申请实施例提供了一种电池,该电池包括电池包以及如第一方面或结合第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式中的电池控制电路、如第二方面或结合第二方面任意一种可能的实现方式中的电池控制电路、如第三方面或结合第三方面任意一种可能的实现方式中的电池控制电路。
第五方面,本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备,该电子设备包括负载以及如第四方面所 描述的电池,该电池可以向该负载供电。
应理解的是,本申请上述多个方面的实现和有益效果可相互参考。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种电池;
图2为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的一电路原理图;
图3为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的一波形示意图;
图4A-图4B为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的一部分等效电路图;
图5为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的又一电路原理图;
图6A-图6B为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的又一波形示意图;
图7A-图7B为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的又一部分等效电路图;
图8为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的又一波形示意图;
图9A-图9B为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的又一部分等效电路图;
图10为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的又一电路原理图;
图11A-图11D为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的又一部分等效电路图;
图12为本申请实施例提供的又一种电池。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
下面结合附图来对本申请的技术方案的实施作进一步的详细描述。
参见图1,图1为本申请实施例提供的一种电池。如图1所示,电池10包括电池包101和电池控制电路102。
电池包101可以包括至少一个电芯(也可以称为单体电池)。示例性的,在具体实现中可以是M个电芯串并联组成一个模组,N个模组串并联组成一个电池包,其中M和N均为正整数。所以本申请实施例中的电池包也可以称为电池组。
电池控制电路102并联在电池包101的正负极两端。可以理解的是,电池包101的正负极两端即为电池10的正极B+和负极B-。在本申请实施例中,电池控制电路102可以直接并联在电池包101的正负极两端,而不用从电池包101中引出中间抽头,可以减小电池包组装的复杂程度。
在一些可行的实施方式中,电池控制电路102可以由制造电池的厂商配备,即如图1所示,电池控制电路102与电池包101通过焊带连接,并封装在一起作为电池10的一部分。换句话来说,该电池10具备自加热的功能。
可选的,在一些可行的实施方式中,电池控制电路可以独立于电池包设置(图中未示出),电池控制电路与电池包通过电线连接。换句话来说,在电池不具备自加热功能的情况下,可以在电池的正负极的两端并联本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路。
在一些可行的实施方式中,电池10中还可以包括电池管理系统BMS,该BMS可以对电池包101的温度进行检测、获取电池包101的剩余电量、获取电池包101的端电压等信息,并基于获取到的信息对电池10的充放电进行相应的控制,具体实现可以参考现有技术中的 BMS控制机制,此处不作赘述。
本申请实施例可以利用电池包的能量来实现充电和放电,充电和放电的电流均在电池包的内阻上产生热量,对电池进行加热。
下面结合图2至图12对本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路进行详细介绍。
在一些可行的实施方式中,参见图2,图2为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的一电路原理图。如图2所示,本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路包括第一电感L1、第一开关管S1、第二开关管S2、第一二极管D1和第二二极管D2。
本申请以各个开关管为金属氧化物半导体场效应管(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor,MOSFET)进行示例性说明,应当理解的是,各个开关管还可以是继电器、接触器、绝缘栅双极型晶体管(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor,IGBT)、三极管等。
具体实现中,第一开关管S1的第一端(即漏极)和第一二极管D1的阴极均耦合至电池包的正极B+,第一开关管S1的第二端(即源极)耦合第一电感L1的一端以及第二二极管D2的阴极。第一二极管D1的阳极耦合第一电感L1的另一端以及第二开关管S2的第一端(即漏极),第二开关管S2的第二端(即源极)和第二二极管D2的阳极均耦合至电池包的负极B-。
需要指出的是,本申请中所描述的“耦合”指的是直接或间接连接。例如,A与B连接,既可以是A与B直接连接,也可以是A与B之间通过一个或多个其它电学元器件间接连接,例如可以是A与C直接连接,C与B直接连接,从而使得A与B之间通过C实现了连接。
在一些可行的实施方式中,本申请实施例中的电池控制电路还包括控制模块201,该控制模块201与第一开关管S1的第三端(即栅极)以及第二开关管S2的第三端(即栅极)耦合。示例性的,该控制模块201可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit,CPU)、其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor,DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit,ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array,FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。
可选的,该控制模块201还可以具体实现为电池中的BMS,具体实现可以参考现有技术中的BMS,此处不作赘述。
进一步的,在一些可行的实施方式中,电池控制电路还包括温度检测模块202,该温度检测模块202可以检测电池包的温度。示例性的,该温度检测模块202可以具体为温度传感器,该温度传感器可以位于电池包的表面。若电池包包括有多个电芯,则温度检测模块202也对应设置有多个温度传感器,每个电芯的表面均对应设置一个温度传感器,用于分别对各个电芯的温度进行检测。
温度检测模块202与控制模块201耦合,温度检测模块202可以将检测到的电池包的温度发送至控制模块201。该控制模块201在电池包的温度低于第一预设温度时,控制第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2按照第一预设频率在同时导通与同时关断的状态之间切换。可以理解的是,该第一预设温度是电池包可以正常工作的临界温度,是电池包的固有属性,与该电池包的制造厂家、制作工艺和电池型号中的至少一个因素有关。
具体实现中,当第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2同时导通时,从电池包的正极B+、第一开关管S1、第一电感L1、第二开关管S2到电池包的负极B-形成闭合回路,此时电池包处于放电状态。当第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2同时关断时,由于电感两端的电流不可以突变, 第一电感L1的电流经过第一二极管D1、电池包的正极B+、电池包的负极B-以及第二二极管D2形成闭合回路,此时第一电感L1对电池包进行充电,电池包处于充电状态。应当理解的是,电池包处于放电状态的电流方向与电池包处于充电状态的电流方向相反。
在一些可行的实施方式中,上述第一预设频率是控制模块201预先设置的固定值。比如说控制模块201在第0-0.5ms的时间段内,控制第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2同时导通,此时电池包处于放电状态。控制模块201在第0.5ms-1ms的时间段内,控制第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2同时关断,此时电池包处于充电状态。换句话来说,控制模块201以1ms的时间周期来同时切换第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2的通断状态,即上述第一预设频率是1kHz。本申请实施例中,第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2由同时导通的状态向同时关断的状态切换的时间比较短,例如第一预设频率是kHz级别,切换的时间周期则是ms级别,可以减少电池包中的锂离子在电芯的负极累积。换句话来说,本申请实施例可以减小电池在低温环境充电时出现负极析锂的可能性,安全性高。
可选的,在一些可行的实施方式中,电池控制电路还包括电流检测模块203,电流检测模块203可以检测第一电感L1的电流。控制模块201可以获取电流检测模块203检测到的第一电感L1的电流,并根据该第一电感L1的电流确定上述第一预设频率。示例性的,该电流检测模块203可以具体为电阻或电流传感器等。控制模块201可以在控制第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2同时导通之后,获取所述第一电感L1的电流,记录第一电感L1的电流增大至第一预设电流的时刻为第一时刻T1;并在第一时刻T1控制第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2同时断开,获取第一电感L1的电流,记录第一电感L1的电流减小至第二预设电流的时刻为第二时刻T2,并在第二时刻T2控制第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2同时导通。该控制模块201可以根据第一时刻T1与第二时刻T2之间的时间间隔确定上述第一预设频率f1,即f1=1/(2*|T1-T2|)。本申请实施例可以在电池控制电路中确定第一预设频率,可以更好地控制电池包的充电和放电,有效利用电池包的能量,提高电池包的能量利用率。
下面结合图3至图4B对图2中示出的电池控制电路如何实现电池包的充电和放电进行示例性说明。
参见图3,图3为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的一波形示意图。如图3所示,在t 31至t 32时间段,控制模块201同时向第一开关管S1的第三端(即栅极)和第二开关管S2的第三端(即栅极)发送高电平,第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2同时导通。此时图2中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路图可以参见图4A,如图4A所示,电池包放电,从电池包的正极B+、第一开关管S1、第一电感L1以及第二开关管S2到电池包的负极B-形成闭合回路。此时,该闭合回路的电流给第一电感L1激磁,第一电感L1的电流增大。并且该闭合回路的电流流过电池包的内阻,在电池包的内阻上产生焦耳热。换句话说,电池包可以通过电池控制电路实现放电,对电池进行加热。
在t 32至t 33时间段,控制模块201同时向第一开关管S1的栅极和第二开关管S2的栅极发送低电平,第一开关管S1和第二开关管S2同时关断。此时图2中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路图可以参见图4B,如图4B所示,第一电感L1的电流续流,从第一电感L1的电流经过第一二极管D1、电池包的正极B+、电池包的负极B-以及第二二极管D2形成闭合回路给电池包充电。此时,第一电感L1去磁,第一电感L1的电流减小。并且该闭合回路的电流也经过电池包的内阻,在电池的内阻上产生焦耳热。换句话说,电池包可以通过电池控制 电路实现充电,对电池进行加热。
本申请实施例中的电池控制电路只需要控制两个开关管同时导通或同时关断,即第一开关管和第二开关管要么同是高电平(即同时导通),要么同是低电平(即同时关断),就可以利用电池包的能量来实现充电和放电,充电和放电的电流均在电池包的内阻上产生热量,对电池进行加热,加热效率高。并且开关管的使用数量较少,驱动控制简单,成本也低。再加上,第一开关管和第二开关管不在同一个桥臂上,不存在上下管直通短路的风险,电路简单可靠,安全性高。
可选的,在一些可行的实施方式中,参见图5,图5为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的又一电路原理图。如图5所示,电池控制电路并联在电池包的正极B+和电池包的负极B-之间。该电池控制电路包括第一电感L2、第一开关管S3和第二开关管S4,其中,第一电感L2包括第一绕组和第二绕组,第一绕组的第一端和第二绕组的第一端是同名端。
以第一开关管S3和第二开关管S4是MOSFET为例。具体实现中,第一绕组的第一端耦合电池包的正极B+,第一绕组的第二端耦合第一开关管S3的第一端(即漏极),第一开关管S3的第二端(即源极)耦合电池包的负极B-。第二绕组的第二端耦合电池包的正极B+,第二绕组的第一端耦合第二开关管S4的第一端(即漏极),第二开关管S4的第二端(即源极)耦合电池包的负极B-。
在一些可行的实施方式中,本申请实施例中的电池控制电路还包括控制模块501,该控制模块501与第一开关管S3的第三端(即栅极)以及第二开关管S4的第三端(即栅极)耦合。示例性的,该控制模块501可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit,CPU)、其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor,DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit,ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array,FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。
可选的,该控制模块501还可以具体实现电池中BMS,具体实现可以参考现有技术中的BMS,此处不作赘述。
进一步的,在一些可行的实施方式中,电池控制电路还包括温度检测模块502,该温度检测模块502可以检测电池包的温度。示例性的,该温度检测模块502可以具体为温度传感器,该温度传感器可以位于电池包的表面。若电池包包括有多个电芯,则温度检测模块502也对应设置有多个温度传感器,每个电芯的表面对应设置一个温度传感器,用于分别对各个电芯的温度进行检测。
温度检测模块502与控制模块501耦合,温度检测模块502可以将检测到的电池包的温度发送至控制模块501。该控制模块501在电池包的温度低于第二预设温度时,按照第二预设频率控制第一开关管S3和第二开关管S4交替导通。可以理解的是,该第二预设温度是电池包可以正常工作的临界温度,是电池包的固有属性,与该电池包的制造厂家,制作工艺和或电池型号中的至少一个因素有关。
在一些可行的实施方式中,当第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断时,可以从电池包的正极B+、第一绕组、第一开关管S3到电池包的负极B-形成闭合回路,此时电池包处于放电状态,第一绕组的电流沿第一方向增大。当第二开关管S4导通,第一开关管S3关断时,第一电感L2中的第一绕组在电池包处于放电状态时获得的能量,通过第一电感L2中的第二绕组来释放。即第二绕组经过电池包的正极B+、电池包的负极B-、第二开关管S4形成闭合 回路,第二绕组对电池包进行充电,此时电池包处于充电状态,第二绕组的电流沿第二方向减小,其中第一方向和第二方向相反。即电池包处于放电状态的电流方向与电池包处于充电状态的电流方向相反。
示例性的,上述第二预设频率是控制模块501预先设置的固定值。比如说控制模块501在第0-0.1ms的时间段内,控制第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断,此时电池包处于放电状态。控制模块501在第0.1ms-0.2ms的时间段内,控制第一开关管S3关断,第二开关管S4导通,此时电池包处于充电状态。电池包在第0-0.2ms的时间段内完成一次充电和放电。同理的,控制模块501在第0.2-0.3ms的时间段内,控制第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断,此时电池包处于放电状态。控制模块501在第0.3ms-0.4ms的时间段内,控制第一开关管S3关断,第二开关管S4导通,此时电池包处于充电状态,依此类推进行循环充放电。换句话来说,控制模块501以0.2ms的时间周期来交替导通第一开关管S3和第二开关管S4,即上述第二预设频率是5kHz。
需要说明的是,上述电池包的状态可以择一存在,比如控制模块501可以只控制第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断,电池包处于放电状态,或者控制模块501可以只控制第一开关管S3关断,第二开关管S4导通,电池包处于充电状态。上述举例只是具体实现中的一种方式,不应理解为对本申请的限制。
进一步的,在一些可行的实施方式中,当第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断时,可以从电池包的正极B+、第一绕组、第一开关管S3到电池包的负极B-形成闭合回路,此时电池包处于放电状态,第一绕组的电流沿第一方向增大。当第二开关管S4导通,第一开关管S3关断时,第一电感L2中的第一绕组在电池包处于放电状态时获得的能量,通过第一电感L2中的第二绕组来释放。即第二绕组经过电池包的正极B+、电池包的负极B-、第二开关管S4形成闭合回路,第二绕组对电池包进行充电,此时电池包处于充电状态,第二绕组的电流沿第二方向减小。且在第二绕组的电流减小至第一预设阈值例如零之后,控制模块501不改变各个开关管的通断状态,即第二开关管S4导通,第一开关管S3关断,电池包处于放电状态。此时电池包的正极B+、第二绕组、第二开关管S4到电池包的负极B-形成闭合回路,第二绕组的电流沿第一方向增大。且在第二绕组的电流增大至第二预设阈值例如10A之后,第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断,第一电感L2的第二绕组在电池包处于放电状态获得的能量,通过第一电感L2的第一绕组来释放。即第一绕组经过电池包的正极B+、电池包的负极B-、第一开关管S3形成闭合回路,第一绕组对电池包进行充电,此时电池包处于充电状态,第一绕组的电流沿第二方向减小。可以看出,充电状态和放电状态的开关管通断状态可以相同(即均是在第二开关管S4开通、第一开关管S3关断或者均是第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断),可以不用频繁地切换开关管的通断状态,降低开关损耗,进一步提高电池控制电路的加热效率。
示例性的,控制模块501在第0-0.1ms的时间段内,控制第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断,第一绕组的电流沿第一方向增大,此时电池包处于放电状态。在第0.1ms-0.2ms的时间段内,控制模块501控制第二开关管S4导通,第一开关管S3关断,第二绕组的电流沿第二方向减小,此时电池包处于充电状态。不同的是,在第0.2-0.3ms的时间段内,控制模块501保持控制第二开关管S4导通,第一开关管S3关断,第二绕组的电流沿第一方向增大,此时电池包处于放电状态。在第0.3ms-0.4ms的时间段内,控制模块501控制第一开关管S3 导通,第二开关管S4关断,第一绕组的电流沿第二方向减小,此时电池包处于充电状态。换句话来说,控制模块501以0.4ms的时间周期来交替导通第一开关管S3和第二开关管S4,此时上述第二预设频率是2.5kHz。
可选的,在一些可行的实施方式中,电池控制电路还包括电流检测模块503,电流检测模块503可以检测第一绕组的电流和第二绕组的电流。比如在电池包处于放电状态时,电流检测模块503检测第一绕组的电流;在电池包处于充电状态时,电流检测模块503检测第二绕组的电流。该控制模块501可以获取电流检测模块503检测到的第一绕组的电流和第二绕组的电流,并根据该第一绕组的电流和该第二绕组的电流确定上述第二预设频率。示例性的,电流检测模块503可以具体为电阻或电流传感器等。
例如,控制模块501可以在控制第一开关管S3导通、第二开关管S4关断之后,获取第一绕组的电流,记录第一绕组的电流增大到第一预设电流的时刻为第一时刻T3;并在第一时刻T3控制第一开关管S3关断、第二开关管S4导通,获取第二绕组的电流,记录第二绕组的电流减小至第二预设电流的时刻为第二时刻T4,并在第二时刻T4控制第一开关管S3导通、第二开关管S4关断。该控制模块501可以根据第一时刻T3与第二时刻T4之间的时间间隔确定上述第二预设频率f2,即f2=1/(|T3-T4|)。
又例如,控制模块501可以在控制第一开关管S3导通、第二开关管S4关断之后,获取第一绕组的电流,记录第一绕组的电流增大到第一预设电流的时刻为第一时刻T5;并在第一时刻T5控制第一开关管S3关断、第二开关管S4导通,获取第二绕组的电流,记录第二绕组的电流减小至第二预设电流的时刻为第二时刻T6,此时控制模块501不改变第一开关管和第二开关管的通断状态,直至第二绕组的电流增大至上述第一预设电流时,控制第一开关管S3导通、第二开关管S4关断,当第一绕组的电流减小至上述第二预设电流阈值,控制第一开关管S3关断、第二开关管S4导通。该控制模块501可以根据第一时刻T5与第二时刻T6之间的时间间隔确定上述第二预设频率f2′,即f2′=1/(2*|T5-T6|)。
下面结合图6A至图9B对图5中示出的电池控制电路如何实现电池包的充电和放电进行示例性说明。
参见图6A,图6A为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的又一波形示意图。如图6A所示,在t 61至t 62时间段,控制模块501向第一开关管S3的第三端(即栅极)发送高电平,并向第二开关管S4的第三端(即栅极)发送低电平。此时图5中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路图可以参见图7A,如图7A所示,电池包放电,从电池包的正极B+、第一绕组、第一开关管S3到电池包的负极B-形成闭合回路。此时,该闭合回路的电流给第一绕组激磁,第一绕组的电流增大,即第一电感L2的电流增大。并且该闭合回路的电流流过电池包的内阻,在电池包的内阻上产生焦耳热。换句话说,电池包可以通过电池控制电路实现放电,对电池进行加热。
在t 62至t 63时间段,控制模块501向第一开关管S3的栅极发送低电平,并向第二开关管S4的栅极发送高电平。此时图5中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路图可以参见图7B,如图7B所示,第一电感L2中的第一绕组在电池包处于放电状态时获得的能量,通过第一电感L2中的第二绕组来释放。即第二绕组经过电池包的正极B+、电池包的负极B-、第二开关管S4形成闭合回路给电池包充电。此时,第二绕组去磁,第二绕组的电流减小,即第一电感L2的电流减小。并且该闭合回路的电流也经过电池包的内阻,在电池的内阻上产生焦耳热。 换句话说,电池包可以通过电池控制电路实现充电,对电池进行加热。
可以理解的是,本申请实施例中电池控制电路的波形示意图还可以如图6B所示,按照图6B示出的波形示意图来控制第一开关管S3和第二开关管S4的通断,得到的等效电路图依然如图7A和图7B所示。图6B与图6A中示出的波形示意图之间的区别是第一电感L2的不同。图6B在第一电感L2的电流没有降至零就控制第一开关管S3开通,第一电感L2的电流是梯形波。本申请实施例可以降低电池控制电路中的电流峰值,对各个开关管的电流应力要求不高,适用性强。
本申请实施例是电池控制电路的另一种可能的实施方式,第一开关管和第二开关管交替导通,开关管的发热比较均匀,电池控制电路的安全性好,可靠性高。
可选的,参见图8,图8为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的又一波形示意图。如图8所示,当第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断时,电池包可以处于放电状态或充电状态;当第二开关管S4导通,第一开关管S3关断时,电池包可以处于充电状态或放电状态。
具体实现中,在t 81至t 82时间段,控制模块501向第一开关管S3的第三端(即栅极)发送高电平,并向第二开关管S4的第三端(即栅极)发送低电平,电池包处于放电状态。此时图5中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路图还是如图7A所示,电池包放电的电流方向是第一方向,即从电池包的正极B+、第一绕组、第一开关管S3到电池包的负极B-形成闭合回路。此时,该闭合回路的电流给第一绕组激磁,第一绕组的电流增大,即第一电感L2的电流增大。
在t 82至t 83时间段,控制模块501向第一开关管S3的栅极发送低电平,并向第二开关管S4的栅极发送高电平,电池包处于充电状态。此时图5中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路图还是如图7B所示,第一电感L2中的第一绕组在电池包处于放电状态时获得的能量,通过第一电感L2中的第二绕组来释放。电池包充电的电流方向是第二方向,即第二绕组经过电池包的正极B+、电池包的负极B-、第二开关管S4形成闭合回路给电池包充电。此时,第二绕组去磁,第二绕组的电流减小,即第一电感L2的电流减小。应当理解的是,第一方向和第二方向相反。
在t 83至t 84时间段,控制模块501还是向第一开关管S3的栅极发送低电平,并向第二开关管S4的栅极发送高电平,但此时电池包处于放电状态。此时图5中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路如图9A所示,电池包放电的电流方向还是第一方向,即从电池包的正极B+、第二绕组、第二开关管S4到电池包的负极B-形成闭合回路。此时,该闭合回路的电流给第二绕组激磁,第二绕组的电流增大,即第一电感L2的电流增大。
在t 84至t 85时间段,控制模块501向第一开关管S3的栅极发送高电平,并向第二开关管S4的栅极发送低电平,电池包处于充电状态。此时图5中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路如图9B所示,第一电感L2中的第二绕组在电池包处于放电状态时获得的能量,通过第一电感L2中的第一绕组来释放。电池包充电的电流方向是第二方向,即第一绕组经过电池包的正极B+、电池包的负极B-、第一开关管S3形成闭合回路给电池包充电。此时,第一绕组去磁,第一绕组的电流减小,即第一电感L2的电流减小。
可以理解的是,当电池包处于放电状态时,电流沿第一方向经过电池包的内阻,在电池的内阻上产生焦耳热;当电池包处于充电状态时,电流沿第二方向经过电池包的内阻,也在电池的内阻上产生焦耳热。换句话来说,利用电池包的能量来实现充电和放电,充电和放电 的电流均在电池包的内阻上产生热量,对电池进行加热,加热效率高。
可选的,在一些可行的实施方式中,参见图10,图10为本申请实施例提供的电池控制电路的又一电路原理图。如图10所示,电池包包括第一电芯B1和第二电芯B2,其中第一电芯B1的正极与第二电芯B2的负极耦合。本申请实施例中的电池控制电路包括第一电感L2、第一开关管S3和第二开关管S4,其中,第一电感L2包括第一绕组和第二绕组,第一绕组的第一端和第二绕组的第一端是同名端。
具体实现中,以第一开关管S3和第二开关管S4是MOSFET为例。第一绕组的第一端耦合第二电芯B2的正极(即电池包的正极B+),第一绕组的第二端耦合第一开关管S3的第一端(即漏极),第一开关管S3的第二端(即源极)耦合第一电芯B1的负极(即电池包的负极B-)。第二绕组的第二端耦合第一电芯B1的正极,第二绕组的第一端耦合第二开关管S4的第一端(即漏极),第二开关管S4的第二端(即源极)耦合第一电芯B1的负极(即电池包的负极B-)。
在一些可行的实施方式中,本申请实施例中的电池控制电路还包括控制模块1001、温度检测模块1002和电流检测模块1003中的至少一个模块,具体描述可以参考前文结合图5所描述的实施例,此处不作赘述。
在一些可行的实施方式中,当第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断时,可以从电池包的正极B+、第一绕组、第一开关管S3到电池包的负极B-形成闭合回路,此时第一电芯B1和第二电芯B2均处于放电状态,第一绕组的电流沿第一方向增大。当第二开关管S4导通,第一开关管S3关断时,第一电感L2中的第一绕组在电池包处于放电状态时获得的能量,通过第一电感L2中的第二绕组来释放。即第二绕组经过第一电芯B1的正极、第一电芯B1的负极、第二开关管S4形成闭合回路,第二绕组对第一电芯B1进行充电,此时第一电芯B1处于充电状态,第二绕组的电流沿第二方向减小,其中第一方向和第二方向相反。
进一步的,在一些可行的实施方式中,当第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断时,可以从电池包的正极B+、第一绕组、第一开关管S3到电池包的负极B-形成闭合回路,此时第一电芯B1和第二电芯B2均处于放电状态,第一绕组的电流沿第一方向增大。当第二开关管S4导通,第一开关管S3关断时,第一电感L2中的第一绕组在电池包处于放电状态时获得的能量,通过第一电感L2中的第二绕组来释放。即第二绕组经过第一电芯B1的正极、第一电芯B1的负极、第二开关管S4形成闭合回路,第二绕组对第一电芯B1进行充电,此时第一电芯B1处于充电状态,第二绕组的电流沿第二方向减小。且在第二绕组的电流减小至第一预设阈值例如零之后,控制模块1001不改变各个开关管的通断状态,即第二开关管S4导通,第一开关管S3关断,第一电芯B1处于放电状态。此时第一电芯B1的正极、第二开关管S4到第一电芯B1的负极形成闭合回路,第二绕组的电流沿第一方向增大。且在第二绕组的电流增大至第二预设阈值例如10A之后,第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断,第一电感L2的第二绕组在第一电芯B1处于放电状态获得的能量,通过第一电感L2的第一绕组来释放。即第一绕组经过电池包的正极B+、电池包的负极B-、第一开关管S3形成闭合回路,第一绕组对电池包进行充电,此时电池包处于充电状态,第一绕组的电流沿第二方向减小。
本申请实施例中,在一个充放电的循环周期内,第一电芯和第二电芯同时放电,而只有 第一电芯充电,或者只有第一电芯放电,第一电芯和第二电芯同时充电。则此时,第一电芯的发热量大于第二电芯的发热量,本申请实施例可以适用于不同的电芯,比如说第一电芯的温度耐受能力不及第二电芯、第一电芯的内阻大于第二电芯的内阻等等。换句话来说,实施本申请实施例可以较好地适应各个电芯之间的差异性,适用性好。
可以理解的是,本申请实施例以电池包包括两个电芯为例,在具体应用中,还可以是具有两个以上的电芯的电池包。比如,第一电芯的正极耦合第二电芯的负极,第二电芯的正极耦合第三电芯的负极,其中第三电芯的正极为电池包的正极,第一电芯的负极为电池包的负极。则第二绕组的第二端可以连接第一电芯的正极,或者连接第二电芯的正极(图中未示出)。
本申请实施例与前文结合图5所描述的实施例的区别在于,本申请实施例中的第二绕组的第二端耦合的是第一电芯B1的正极,而不是电池包的正极。下面结合图11A至图11D对图10示出的电池控制电路如何实现对电池包中某一电芯的充电和放电。
需要首先说明的是,前文图6A、图6B和图8示出的波形示意图都适用于本申请实施例中的电池控制电路。
在一些可行的实施方式中,结合图6A示出的波形示意图,在t 61至t 62时间段,控制模块1001向第一开关管S3的第三端(即栅极)发送高电平,并向第二开关管S4的第三端(即栅极)发送低电平。此时图10中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路图可以参见图11A,如图11A所示,第一电芯B1和第二电芯B2放电,从电池包的正极B+、第一绕组、第一开关管S3到电池包的负极B-形成闭合回路。此时,该闭合回路的电流给第一绕组激磁,第一绕组的电流增大,即第一电感L2的电流增大。并且该闭合回路的电流流过电池包的内阻,在电池包的内阻上产生焦耳热。换句话说,电池包可以通过电池控制电路放电来对第一电芯B1和第二电芯B2进行加热。
在t 62至t 63时间段,控制模块1001向第一开关管S3的发送低电平,并向第二开关管S4的栅极发送高电平。此时图10中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路图可以参见图11B,如图11B所示,第二绕组经过第一电芯B1的正极、第一电芯B1的负极第二开关管S4形成闭合回路给第一电芯B1充电。此时,第二绕组去磁,第二绕组的电流减小,即第一电感L2的电流减小。并且该闭合回路的电流经过第一电芯B1的内阻,在第一电芯B1的内阻上产生焦耳热。换句话说,电池控制电路在t 62至t 63时间段内只是对第一电芯B1进行加热。
可选的,在一些可行的实施方式中,结合图6B示出的波形示意图,控制模块1001可以按照图6B示出的波形示意图来控制第一开关管S3和第二开关管S4的通断,得到的等效电路图依然如图11A和图11B所示,此处不作赘述。
可选的,在一些可行的实施方式中,结合图8示出的波形示意图,当第一开关管S3导通,第二开关管S4关断时,电池包可以处于放电状态或充电状态;当第二开关管S4导通,第一开关管S3关断时,第一电芯B1可以处于充电状态或放电状态。
具体实现中,在t 81至t 82时间段,控制模块1001向第一开关管S3的第三端(即栅极)发送高电平,并向第二开关管S4的第三端(即栅极)发送低电平,第一电芯B1和第二电芯B2均处于放电状态。此时图10中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路图还是如图11A所示,电池包放电的电流方向是第一方向,即从电池包的正极B+、第一绕组、第一开关管S3到电池包的负极B-形成闭合回路。此时,该闭合回路的电流给第一绕组激磁,第一绕组的电流增大,即第一电感L2的电流增大。
在t 82至t 83时间段,控制模块1001向第一开关管S3的栅极发送低电平,并向第二开关管S4的栅极发送高电平,第一电芯B1处于充电状态。此时图10中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路图还是如图11B所示,第一电感L2中的第一绕组在电池包处于放电状态时获得的能量,通过第一电感L2中的第二绕组来释放。电池包充电的电流方向是第二方向,即第二绕组经过第一电芯B1的正极、第一电芯B1的负极、第二开关管S4形成闭合回路给第一电芯B1充电。此时,第二绕组去磁,第二绕组的电流减小,即第一电感L2的电流减小。应当理解的是,第一方向和第二方向相反。
在t 83至t 84时间段,控制模块1001还是向第一开关管S3的栅极发送低电平,并向第二开关管S4的栅极发送高电平,但此时第一电芯B1处于放电状态。此时图10中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路如图11C所示,第一电芯B1放电的电流方向还是第一方向,即从第一电芯B1的正极、第二绕组、第二开关管S4到第一电芯B1的负极形成闭合回路。此时,该闭合回路的电流给第二绕组激磁,第二绕组的电流增大,即第一电感L2的电流增大。
在t 84至t 85时间段,控制模块1001向第一开关管S3的栅极发送高电平,并向第二开关管S4的栅极发送低电平,第一电芯B1和第二电芯B2均处于充电状态。此时图10中示出的电池控制电路的部分等效电路如图11D所示,第一电感L2中的第二绕组在第一电芯B1处于放电状态时获得的能量,通过第一电感L2中的第一绕组来释放。电池包充电的电流方向是第二方向,即第一绕组经过电池包的正极B+、电池包的负极B-、第一开关管S3形成闭合回路给电池包充电。此时,第一绕组去磁,第一绕组的电流减小,即第一电感L2的电流减小。
可以理解的是,当第一电芯B1和第二电芯B2处于放电状态时,在第一电芯B1和第二电芯B2的内阻上产生焦耳热;当第一电芯B1处于充电状态时,只在第一电芯B1的内阻上产生焦耳热。
在一些可行的实施方式中,前文结合图10至图11D所描述的电池控制电路可以与电池封装在一起作为电池的一部分。参见图12,图12为本申请实施例提供的又一种电池。如图12所示,电池包1201中引出中间抽头,与电池控制电路1202的一端连接,该电池控制电路1202的另一端与电池包1201的负极连接。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备,该电子设备中设置有负载以及如图1或图12所示的电池,该电池配备有电池加热功能,即该电池配备有前文所描述的任意一种电池控制电路。示例性的,该电子设备可以适用于通信系统,则负载可以具体实现为通信中的基站设备;该电子设备还可以适用于光伏系统,则负载可以具体实现为光伏逆变器;该电子设备还可以具体实现为电动汽车、耳机等等。
需要说明的是,上述术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
上述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是、或也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是、或也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,也可以分布到多个网络单元上;可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池控制电路并联在电池包的正负极的两端,所述电池控制电路包括第一电感、第一开关管、第二开关管、第一二极管和第二二极管;
    所述第一开关管的第一端和所述第一二极管的阴极均耦合至所述电池包的正极,所述第一开关管的第二端耦合所述第一电感的一端以及所述第二二极管的阴极;
    所述第一二极管的阳极耦合所述第一电感的另一端以及所述第二开关管的第一端,所述第二开关管的第二端和所述第二二极管的阳极均耦合至所述电池包的负极;其中,所述第一开关管和所述第二开关管同时导通,所述电池包处于放电状态;或者,所述第一开关管和所述第二开关管同时关断,所述电池包处于充电状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池控制电路还包括控制模块,所述控制模块与所述第一开关管的第三端以及所述第二开关管的第三端耦合。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池控制电路还包括温度检测模块,所述温度检测模块用于检测所述电池包的温度,并将所述电池包的温度发送至所述控制模块;
    所述控制模块用于在所述电池包的温度低于预设温度时,控制所述第一开关管和所述第二开关管按照预设频率在同时导通与同时关断的状态之间切换。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池控制电路还包括电流检测模块,所述电流检测模块用于检测所述第一电感的电流;
    所述控制模块用于获取所述电流检测模块检测到的所述第一电感的电流,确定所述预设频率。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述预设频率为所述控制模块根据第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔确定的;其中,所述第一时刻为所述控制模块检测到所述第一电感的电流增大至第一预设电流的时刻;所述第二时刻为所述控制模块检测到所述第一电感的电流减小至第二预设电流的时刻。
  6. 一种电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池控制电路并联在电池包的正负极的两端,所述电池控制电路包括第一电感、第一开关管和第二开关管,其中,所述第一电感包括第一绕组和第二绕组,所述第一绕组的第一端和所述第二绕组的第一端是同名端;
    所述第一绕组的第一端耦合所述电池包的正极,所述第一绕组的第二端耦合所述第一开关管的第一端,所述第一开关管的第二端耦合所述电池包的负极;
    所述第二绕组的第二端耦合所述电池包的正极,所述第二绕组的第一端耦合所述第二开关管的第一端,所述第二开关管的第二端耦合所述电池包的负极;其中,所述第一开关管与所述第二开关管交替导通。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,当所述第一开关管导通,所述第 二开关管关断时,所述电池包处于放电状态;
    或者,当所述第二开关管导通,所述第一开关管关断时,所述电池包处于充电状态。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,当所述第一开关管导通,所述第二开关管关断时,若所述第一绕组的电流方向为第一方向,则所述电池包处于放电状态;
    或者,当所述第二开关管导通,所述第一开关管关断时,若所述第二绕组的电流方向为所述第二方向,则所述电池包处于充电状态;
    或者,当所述第二开关管导通,所述第一开关管关断时,若所述第二绕组的电流方向为所述第一方向,则所述电池包处于放电状态;
    或者,当所述第一开关管导通,所述第二开关管关断时,若所述第一绕组的电流方向为所述第二方向,则所述电池包处于充电状态;其中所述第一方向与所述第二方向相反。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8任一项所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池控制电路还包括控制模块,所述控制模块与所述第一开关管的第三端以及所述第二开关管的第三端耦合。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池控制电路还包括温度检测模块,所述温度检测模块用于检测所述电池包的温度,并将所述电池包的温度发送至所述控制模块;
    所述控制模块用于在所述电池包的温度低于预设温度时,按照预设频率控制所述第一开关管和所述第二开关管交替导通。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池控制电路还包括电流检测模块,所述电流检测模块用于检测所述第一绕组的电流和所述第二绕组的电流;
    所述控制模块用于获取所述电流检测模块检测到的所述第一绕组的电流和所述第二绕组的电流,确定所述预设频率。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述预设频率为所述控制模块根据第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔确定的;其中,所述第一时刻为所述控制模块检测到所述第一绕组的电流增大至第一预设电流的时刻;所述第二时刻为所述控制模块检测到所述第二绕组的电流减小至第二预设电流的时刻。
  13. 一种电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池控制电路适用于电池包,所述电池包包括第一电芯和第二电芯,其中所述第一电芯的正极与所述第二电芯的负极耦合;
    所述电池控制电路包括第一电感、第一开关管和第二开关管,其中,所述第一电感包括第一绕组和第二绕组,所述第一绕组的第一端和所述第二绕组的第一端是同名端;
    所述第一绕组的第一端耦合所述第二电芯的正极,所述第一绕组的第二端耦合所述第一开关管的第一端,所述第一开关管的第二端耦合所述第一电芯的负极;
    所述第二绕组的第二端耦合所述第一电芯的正极,所述第二绕组的第一端耦合所述第二开关管的第一端,所述第二开关管的第二端耦合所述第一电芯的负极;所述第一开关管与所 述第二开关管交替导通。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,当所述第一开关管导通,所述第二开关管关断时,所述第一电芯和所述第二电芯处于放电状态;
    或者,当所述第二开关管导通,所述第一开关管关断时,所述第一电芯处于充电状态。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,当所述第一开关管导通,所述第二开关管关断时,若所述第一绕组的电流方向为第一方向,则所述第一电芯和所述第二电芯均处于放电状态;
    或者,当所述第二开关管导通,所述第一开关管关断时,若所述第二绕组的电流方向为第二方向时,则所述第一电芯处于充电状态;
    或者,当所述第二开关管导通,所述第一开关管关断时,若所述第二绕组的电流方向为所述第一方向时,则所述第一电芯处于放电状态;
    或者,当所述第一开关管导通,所述第二开关管关断时,若所述第一绕组的电流方向为所述第二方向时,所述第一电芯和第二电芯处于充电状态。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15任一项所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池控制电路还包括控制模块,所述控制模块与所述第一开关管的第三端以及所述第二开关管的第三端耦合。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池控制电路还包括温度检测模块,所述温度检测模块用于检测所述第一电芯和所述第二电芯的温度,并将所述第一电芯和所述第二电芯的温度发送至所述控制模块;
    所述控制模块用于在所述第一电芯和所述第二电芯中的至少一个电芯的温度低于预设温度时,按照预设频率控制所述第一开关管和所述第二开关管交替导通。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述电池控制电路还包括电流检测模块,所述电流检测模块用于将检测所述第一绕组的电流和所述第二绕组的电流;
    所述控制模块用于获取所述电流检测模块检测到的所述第一绕组的电流和所述第二绕组的电流,确定所述预设频率。
  19. 根据权利要求11所述的电池控制电路,其特征在于,所述预设频率为所述控制模块根据第一时刻与第二时刻之间的时间间隔确定的;其中,所述第一时刻为所述控制模块检测到所述第一绕组的电流增大至第一预设电流的时刻;所述第二时刻为所述控制模块检测到所述第二绕组的电流减小至第二预设电流的时刻。
  20. 一种电池,其特征在于,所述电池包括电池包以及如权利要求1至5、6至12或者13至19任一项所述的电池控制电路。
  21. 一种电子设备,其特征在于,所述电子设备包括负载以及如权利要求18所述的电池,所述电池用于向所述负载供电。
PCT/CN2022/094218 2021-05-27 2022-05-20 电池控制电路、电池及相关电子设备 WO2022247754A1 (zh)

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