WO2022246775A1 - Portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents

Portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device and measuring method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022246775A1
WO2022246775A1 PCT/CN2021/096566 CN2021096566W WO2022246775A1 WO 2022246775 A1 WO2022246775 A1 WO 2022246775A1 CN 2021096566 W CN2021096566 W CN 2021096566W WO 2022246775 A1 WO2022246775 A1 WO 2022246775A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
container
alcohol
water suction
valve body
volume percentage
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PCT/CN2021/096566
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李迎吉
陈义
崔嘉龙
张天阳
龙宇
罗超锋
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无锡职业技术学院
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Priority to US18/004,883 priority Critical patent/US20230243808A1/en
Publication of WO2022246775A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022246775A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/497—Physical analysis of biological material of gaseous biological material, e.g. breath
    • G01N33/4972—Determining alcohol content
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
    • G01N27/221—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance by investigating the dielectric properties
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
    • G01N27/226—Construction of measuring vessels; Electrodes therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an alcohol concentration measuring device and a testing method thereof, in particular to an air blowing device for measuring the volume percentage of alcohol in a mixed solution of alcohol and water and a testing method thereof.
  • test device of alcohol concentration in the blood that generally adopts now needs blood sampling, is usually operated by hospital medical staff, is not suitable for portable general operator to use, and other air-blowing type alcohol concentration detection methods are compared with the blood detection method, suffer Influenced by factors such as the environment, the detection accuracy is reduced.
  • the object of the invention is to address the defects of the prior art, to provide a portable air blowing measuring device and method for directly measuring the alcohol concentration in a mixed solution of alcohol and water or other liquids, which has good portability, low cost, and improves air blowing. Accuracy of type alcohol measurement.
  • a portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device comprising a housing, a valve body arranged inside the housing, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve arranged on the housing, and a container capable of holding liquid;
  • One end of the housing has an air inlet, and the first one-way valve can be opened and closed between the air inlet and the valve body; cross-connected channels;
  • the other end of the housing is provided with the container, and the housing and the container are separated by a PTFE membrane; the side wall of the container near one end of the housing is provided with a drain; the container is provided with an opening, and the opening is opened and closed by a Sealed by the sealing cover;
  • the second one-way valve is arranged on the side wall of the housing.
  • the second one-way valve has a water suction port connected to the drain port on the container.
  • the opening and closing of the second one-way valve can make the water suction port and the inside of the valve body The channel realizes on-off.
  • the first one-way valve includes an air inlet valve spring and an air inlet valve; the air inlet valve is movably arranged at the air inlet, and the air inlet valve spring is arranged between the air inlet valve and the valve body between.
  • the second one-way valve includes a water suction valve body, a water suction valve steel ball and a water suction valve spring;
  • the water suction valve body has a water suction channel through the water suction port and the valve body;
  • the water suction valve steel ball can It is movably arranged on the water suction channel, so that the water suction port can be connected with the channel inside the valve body;
  • the water suction valve spring is arranged between the water suction valve steel ball and the side wall of the housing.
  • the passage inside the valve body includes a special-shaped flow channel penetrating in the axial direction of the valve body and a transverse hole intersecting with the special-shaped flow channel.
  • the PTFE membrane allows gas to pass through but prevents liquid from passing through.
  • the container is provided with a gas pressure sensor, a capacitance sensor and a temperature sensor.
  • the device Since the temperature and the blown gas volume have a certain influence on the evaluation of the alcohol content in the blood, the device is also equipped with a temperature sensor to measure the actual temperature of the solution, and a gas pressure sensor to measure and calculate Volume of blown gas.
  • Both the temperature sensor and the gas pressure sensor are connected with the signal processing unit, and the capacitance sensor is connected with the signal processing unit after going through an oscillation circuit, an amplification circuit and an anti-interference circuit.
  • the measuring method based on the portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1) The tester blows gas through the air inlet, and the gas enters the solution in the container through the first one-way valve and the valve body;
  • Step 1) The tester blows gas through the air inlet, and the gas enters the solution in the container through the first one-way valve and the valve body;
  • Step 2 collecting the temperature t, capacitance C and gas pressure value P of the solution in the container;
  • Step 3 According to the temperature change ⁇ t when the temperature t is relative to the room temperature of 20°C, the capacitance influence factor ⁇ C is calculated by using the function relationship (5) between the capacitance influence factor ⁇ C and the temperature change ⁇ t obtained by fitting:
  • b 0 , b 1 , b 2 , b 3 are the fitting coefficients of this function
  • a 0 , a 1 , a 2 ,...a k are the fitting coefficients, and k is the set fitting polynomial order;
  • V 1 is the volume of gas above the liquid in the container at temperature t
  • P 0 is the atmospheric pressure
  • the volume percentage d0 of the alcohol in the exhaled breath is calculated as:
  • V 2 is the liquid volume in the container
  • V c 0 +c 1 d 0 +c 2 d 0 2 +c 3 d 0 3 (8)
  • c 0 , c 1 , c 2 and c 3 are fitting coefficients.
  • ⁇ 0 is the dielectric constant in vacuum
  • ⁇ r is the dielectric constant of the mixed solution
  • L is the length of the two electrodes facing each other
  • d1 is the outer diameter of the capacitor
  • d2 is the inner diameter of the capacitor
  • the dielectric constant ⁇ r of the mixed solution is calculated through the measured capacitance C;
  • the volume percentage d of alcohol in the solution is calculated by formula (2);
  • Loss is the error sum of squares
  • the goal of the least squares method fitting is the smallest error square sum
  • C i is the capacitance of the i-th test
  • d i is the corresponding alcohol volume percentage calculated for the i-th test
  • k ⁇ n is the total number of tests.
  • the alcohol in the exhaled gas can be dissolved in the liquid in the container as fully as possible, and the influence of the temperature of the gas blown out by different people on the volume percentage of alcohol in the blood is considered.
  • the influence of temperature is used to fit the function, and the accurate blood alcohol concentration can be obtained by using the fitted function, which avoids the method of measuring blood alcohol concentration through blood sampling; the device can be repeated after changing the liquid in the container It has the advantages of simple operation, quick results, good portability, high test efficiency, and low test cost.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the water-absorbing mechanism
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart of the data acquisition work of the measuring device
  • 1-PTFE film 2-valve body, 3-sealing ring, 4-housing, 5-sealing ring, 6-inlet valve spring, 7-inlet valve, 8-sealing ring, 9- Water suction valve body, 10-sealing ring, 11-water suction valve steel ball, 12-sealing ring, 13-water suction valve spring, 14-water suction port, 15-air inlet, 16-sealing cover, 17-drainage port, 18- Container, 19-sealing ring, 20-gas pressure sensor, 21-capacitance sensor temperature sensor installation place, 22-special-shaped flow channel, 23-transverse hole.
  • the portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device of the present embodiment comprises a housing 4, a second one-way valve and a container 18 arranged on the housing 4, a valve body 2 arranged inside the housing 4 and the first one-way valve.
  • One end of the casing 4 has an air inlet 15 , the inside of the casing 4 is a hollow space, and the valve body 2 and the first one-way valve are arranged in the inner hollow space, and the first one-way valve is arranged near the air inlet 15 .
  • the inside of the valve body 2 is provided with a special-shaped flow channel 22 extending along the axial direction of the valve body, and the inside of the valve body 2 is also provided with a transverse hole 23 extending along the radial direction of the valve body and intersecting with the special-shaped flow channel 22 .
  • air inlet 15 is to be able to connect air blowing pipe, makes the gas that the person under test blows out can enter in the valve body 2.
  • the first one-way valve is mainly made up of air inlet valve spring 6 and air inlet valve 7.
  • the air inlet valve 7 is movably arranged at the air inlet 15
  • the air inlet valve spring 6 is arranged between the air inlet valve 7 and the valve body 2 .
  • the function of the first one-way valve is that in the blowing stage, when the gas pressure entering from the air inlet 15 is higher than the pretightening force of the air inlet valve spring 6 and the sum of the gas pressure inside the valve body 2, the air inlet The valve spring 6 can be compressed, the first one-way valve is opened, and the gas can enter the inside of the valve body 2 through the first one-way valve; when entering the blowing completion stage, the pressure of the gas entering from the air inlet 15 is lower than the preset value of the spring.
  • the force is tight and the sum of the gas pressure inside the valve body 2
  • the air inlet valve spring 6 cannot be compressed
  • the first one-way valve is closed, and the air inlet valve 7 and the sealing ring 8 play a role of sealing at the air inlet 15.
  • blowing air no longer enters the inside of the valve body 2 from the air inlet 15, and the gas inside the valve body 2 cannot be discharged from the air inlet 15 either.
  • the other end of the casing 4 is provided with a container 18 , which is adjacent to the valve body 2 in the casing 4 ; the casing 4 and the container 18 are separated by a PTFE membrane 1 .
  • a drain port 17 is provided on the side wall of the container 18 close to the housing 4, and the function of the drain port 17 is to allow the water in the container 18 to flow out from the port.
  • the opening of the container 18 is hermetically sealed by a sealing cap 16 .
  • the container 18 is provided with a gas pressure sensor 20 for testing the gas pressure above the container 18 .
  • the gas pressure sensor 20 is arranged on the surface of the sealing cover 16 facing the inside of the container 18 , in other implementation manners, the position of the gas pressure sensor 20 can be specifically set as required.
  • a sealing ring 19 for sealing is arranged between the container 18 and the sealing cover 16 .
  • the pure water of set amount is housed in the container 18, the height immersion of pure water is arranged on the capacitive sensor and the temperature sensor (not shown) in the container 18, and is lower than the gas pressure sensor 20, makes The gas pressure sensor 20 is exposed to the gas above the solution in the container 18 .
  • Both the temperature sensor and the gas pressure sensor 20 are connected to the signal processing unit, and the capacitive sensor is connected to the signal processing unit after going through an oscillating circuit, an amplifying circuit, and an anti-interference circuit.
  • a second one-way valve is detachably connected to the side wall of the housing 4 .
  • the second one-way valve is mainly made up of water suction valve body 9, water suction valve steel ball 11 and water suction valve spring 13 etc.
  • the water suction valve steel ball 11 is movably arranged at the water suction port 14
  • the water suction valve spring 13 is arranged between the water suction valve steel ball 11 and the side wall of the housing 4 .
  • the sealing ring 10 is arranged on the mating surface of the water suction valve body 9 that can be in contact with the water suction valve steel ball 11.
  • the water suction port 14 is sealed by being in contact with the sealing ring 10 .
  • the pre-tightening force of the water suction valve spring 13 is lower than the pressure difference generated by the water between the discharge port 17 and the water suction port 14 .
  • the function of the second one-way valve is that when the pressure of the water suction port 14 is lower than the sum of the pretightening force of the water suction valve spring 13 and the internal pressure of the valve body 2, the second one-way valve is closed, and the water suction valve steel ball 11 cooperates with the sealing ring 10 Play a sealing role to prevent the gas inside the valve body 2 from flowing out of the water suction port 14; If it is opened, the water in the container 18 can enter the inside of the valve body 2 from the drain port 17 through the water suction port 14 .
  • PTFE membrane 1 is a layer of membrane that is convenient for gas to pass through, but not easy for liquid to pass through.
  • the gas blown from the air inlet 15 can enter the container 18 through the PTFE membrane 1, and fully contact with the water in the container 18, thereby fully dissolving the blown gas in the water, while the solution in the container 18 cannot directly It penetrates into the valve body 2 and enters the suction valve body 9 through the PTFE membrane 1.
  • the sealing ring 12 is used to seal the water suction valve body 9 and the side wall of the housing 4 .
  • suction valve body 9 and the housing 4 of the second one-way valve are connected by threads to facilitate disassembly.
  • housing 4 The effect of housing 4 is to support parts such as valve body 2, the first one-way valve, container 18, and provides threaded installation interface for the suction valve body 9 of the second one-way valve, makes the second one-way valve and housing 4 A detachable connection is possible.
  • a sealing ring 3 and a sealing ring 5 can be arranged between the casing 4 and the valve body 2 for sealing.
  • Step 1 Calibrate the capacitive sensor
  • ⁇ r is the dielectric constant of the mixed solution, that is, the dielectric constant of the actual electrolyte
  • ⁇ r1 is the dielectric constant of pure alcohol
  • ⁇ r2 is the dielectric constant of pure water
  • d is the volume percentage of alcohol.
  • Step 2 Function Fitting
  • ⁇ 0 is the dielectric constant in vacuum
  • ⁇ r is the dielectric constant of the mixed solution, that is, the dielectric constant of the actual electrolyte
  • L is the length of the two electrodes facing each other
  • d 1 is the outer diameter of the capacitor
  • d 2 is the capacitor inner diameter
  • the dielectric constant ⁇ r of the mixed solution can be calculated from the measured capacitance C.
  • the volume percentage d of alcohol in the solution can be calculated from formula (2).
  • Loss is the sum of squared errors
  • the goal of the least squares method fitting is to minimize the sum of squared errors
  • a 0 , a 1 , a 2 ,...a k are the fitting coefficients of the function
  • k ⁇ n k is the fitted
  • C i is the capacitance of the i-th test
  • d i is the corresponding alcohol volume percentage calculated for the i-th test
  • n is the total number of tests.
  • the temperature of the gas exhaled by the human body usually ranges from 10-40 °C, change the temperature of the solution in this range to t 2 °C, t 3 °C, t 4 °C, etc.
  • the fitting function of capacitance influence factor ⁇ C with temperature relative to the change of room temperature at 20°C is as follows:
  • b 0 , b 1 , b 2 , b 3 are the fitting coefficients of this function. Considering factors such as calculation difficulty and calculation time, the order of the fitting polynomial for temperature in this embodiment is set to be 3rd order.
  • Step 3 Calibrate Exhaled Breath Alcohol Volume Percent as a Function of Blood Alcohol
  • the volume of the gas above the liquid in the container 18 is a known fixed value V 1
  • the atmospheric pressure is P 0
  • the actual volume of the gas blown into the container is set as V x
  • the gas pressure sensor 20 measures the gas pressure value as P
  • the actual volume V of the blown gas is:
  • V c 0 +c 1 d 0 +c 2 d 0 2 +c 3 d 0 3 (8)
  • c 0 , c 1 , c 2 , and c 3 are the fitting coefficients of the function.
  • the order of the fitting polynomial in this embodiment is set to be 3rd order.
  • Step 4 Detect the percentage of alcohol by volume in the tester's blood
  • the test device is installed, the drain port 17 is communicated with the water suction port 14 with a pipeline, the air blowing pipe is connected on the air inlet port 15, and the pure water of fixed capacity is loaded into the container 18 (the pure water amount is lower than the position of the gas pressure sensor 20 ), the gas pressure sensor 20 is fixed on the sealing cover 16, the capacitance sensor and the temperature sensor are immersed in the pure water of the container 18, the test circuit of the sensor is connected, the sealing cover 16 is fixed on the upper opening of the container 18, and the connection is completed.
  • the test system is good.
  • the tester blows alcohol-containing gas into the air inlet 15 through the blowing pipe.
  • the first one-way valve at the air inlet 15 is opened under the action of the air flow, and the blown gas quickly enters the valve body 2.
  • the tester stops insufflation, and the first and second one-way valves at the air inlet 15 and the water suction port 14 are under the effect of the gas pressure in the container. closure.
  • the capacitive sensor outputs the measured capacitance value, and after the oscillating circuit, the amplifier circuit, and the anti-interference circuit, the signal processing unit performs signal processing, and the gas pressure sensor 20 outputs the measured gas pressure value P and transmits it to the signal processing unit.
  • the measured temperature value is output, it is transmitted to the signal processing unit, and after the signal processing unit performs signal processing, corresponding calculation is performed, and finally the alcohol volume percentage V in the blood of the tester is obtained.
  • the fitting function formula (3A) can be used to obtain the alcohol volume percentage d in the solution; and then the gas pressure value P measured by the gas pressure sensor can be calculated using the formula (6) , (7), calculate the alcohol volume percentage d 0 in the exhaled breath, and finally calculate the alcohol volume percentage V in the blood of the tester according to the fitting function formula (8).

Abstract

A portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device and a measuring method. The measuring device comprises a housing (4), a valve body (2), a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve, and a container (18). The first one-way valve is openably and closably arranged between an air inlet (15) of the housing (4) and the valve body (2); the container (18) is disposed at the other end of the housing (4), and the housing (4) and the container (18) are separated by a PTFE film (1); and the second one-way valve is provided with a water suction port (14) which is connected to a water drainage port (17) in the container (18), and the opening and closing of the second one-way valve may enable the water suction port (14) to achieve connection or disconnection with a channel in the interior of the valve body (2). By optimizing a structure and a testing method, alcohol in exhaled air is fully dissolved in a solution in the container (18), and accurate results of alcohol concentration in the blood may be obtained by means of direct measurement by using a fitting function, thus avoiding the method for measuring alcohol concentration in the blood by means of blood sampling; in addition, the device may be reused after the solution in the container is replaced, and has advantages such as having simple operations, rapidly obtaining results, good portability, high testing efficiency and low testing costs.

Description

一种便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置及测量方法A portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device and measuring method 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种酒精浓度测量装置及其测试方法，具体来讲涉及一种吹气式测量酒精和水混合溶液中酒精体积百分比的装置及其测试方法。The invention relates to an alcohol concentration measuring device and a testing method thereof, in particular to an air blowing device for measuring the volume percentage of alcohol in a mixed solution of alcohol and water and a testing method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
目前直接测量酒精和水混合溶液中酒精的浓度较为困难，一般是用物理或化学的方法将两者分离，然后进行计算，进而得到其中酒精的浓度。物理的方法主要是根据两者液体沸点的不同用蒸馏的方法将他们分离，然后通过计算得出其中酒精的浓度，化学的方法则更为困难。这些间接测量的方法不仅耗费时间，而且准确度不高，测试成本高，对于有较高精准度的测量来说，这些方法不能满足使用要求，因此找到一种更高效、更准确、成本更低地测试血液中酒精体积百分比的方法具有非常重要的意义。而现在普遍采用的血液中酒精浓度的测试装置需要采血，通常由医院医护人员进行操作，不适合便携式的一般操作者使用，而其他吹气式的酒精浓度检测方法与血液检测方式相比，受环境等因素影响，检测精度降低。At present, it is difficult to directly measure the concentration of alcohol in the mixed solution of alcohol and water. Generally, the two are separated by physical or chemical methods, and then calculated to obtain the concentration of alcohol. The physical method is mainly to separate them by distillation according to the difference in the boiling point of the two liquids, and then calculate the concentration of alcohol in it, while the chemical method is more difficult. These indirect measurement methods are not only time-consuming, but also have low accuracy and high test costs. For measurements with high precision, these methods cannot meet the requirements of use. Therefore, a more efficient, more accurate, and lower cost method is found. The method of testing the volume percentage of alcohol in the blood is of great significance. And the test device of alcohol concentration in the blood that generally adopts now needs blood sampling, is usually operated by hospital medical staff, is not suitable for portable general operator to use, and other air-blowing type alcohol concentration detection methods are compared with the blood detection method, suffer Influenced by factors such as the environment, the detection accuracy is reduced.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的是针对现有技术存在的缺陷，提供一种便携吹气式直接测量酒精和水或其他液体混合溶液中酒精浓度的测量装置和测量方法，便携性好，成本低，提高了吹气式酒精测量的精度。The object of the invention is to address the defects of the prior art, to provide a portable air blowing measuring device and method for directly measuring the alcohol concentration in a mixed solution of alcohol and water or other liquids, which has good portability, low cost, and improves air blowing. Accuracy of type alcohol measurement.
本发明为实现上述目的，采用如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置，包括壳体、设置在壳体内部的阀体和第一单向阀、设置在壳体上的第二单向阀和一可容纳液体的容器；A portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device, comprising a housing, a valve body arranged inside the housing, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve arranged on the housing, and a container capable of holding liquid;
壳体的一端具有一进气口，第一单向阀可启闭地设置在进气口和阀体之间；阀体内部具有通向第一单向阀、第二单向阀和容器的交叉连通的通道；One end of the housing has an air inlet, and the first one-way valve can be opened and closed between the air inlet and the valve body; cross-connected channels;
壳体的另一端设置所述容器，壳体与容器之间由PTFE膜间隔；所述容器靠近壳体一端的侧壁上设置有排水口；容器设置有开口，所述开口由一可启闭的密封盖所密封；The other end of the housing is provided with the container, and the housing and the container are separated by a PTFE membrane; the side wall of the container near one end of the housing is provided with a drain; the container is provided with an opening, and the opening is opened and closed by a Sealed by the sealing cover;
所述第二单向阀设置在壳体的侧壁上，第二单向阀具有一与容器上的排水口相连的吸水口，第二单向阀的启闭可使吸水口与阀体内部的通道实现通断。The second one-way valve is arranged on the side wall of the housing. The second one-way valve has a water suction port connected to the drain port on the container. The opening and closing of the second one-way valve can make the water suction port and the inside of the valve body The channel realizes on-off.
进一步地，所述第一单向阀包括进气口阀弹簧和进气口阀；进气口阀可活动地设置在进气口处，进气口阀弹簧设置在进气口阀与阀体之间。Further, the first one-way valve includes an air inlet valve spring and an air inlet valve; the air inlet valve is movably arranged at the air inlet, and the air inlet valve spring is arranged between the air inlet valve and the valve body between.
进一步地，所述第二单向阀包括吸水阀体、吸水阀钢球和吸水阀弹簧；所述吸水阀体内具有一贯通所述吸水口与阀体的吸水道；所述吸水阀钢球可活动地设置在所述吸水道上，使吸水口与阀体内部的通道实现通断；所述吸水阀弹簧设置在吸水阀钢球与壳体的侧壁间。Further, the second one-way valve includes a water suction valve body, a water suction valve steel ball and a water suction valve spring; the water suction valve body has a water suction channel through the water suction port and the valve body; the water suction valve steel ball can It is movably arranged on the water suction channel, so that the water suction port can be connected with the channel inside the valve body; the water suction valve spring is arranged between the water suction valve steel ball and the side wall of the housing.
进一步地，所述阀体内部的通道包括沿阀体轴向贯穿的异形流道和与异形流道交叉贯通的横向孔。Further, the passage inside the valve body includes a special-shaped flow channel penetrating in the axial direction of the valve body and a transverse hole intersecting with the special-shaped flow channel.
进一步地，所述PTFE膜使气体通过而阻止液体通过。Further, the PTFE membrane allows gas to pass through but prevents liquid from passing through.
进一步地，所述容器内设置有气体压力传感器、电容传感器和温度传感器。Further, the container is provided with a gas pressure sensor, a capacitance sensor and a temperature sensor.
由于温度和吹出的气体体积都对评估血液中含酒精量的多少有一定的影响，因此本装置中还配有温度传感器，用来测量溶液的实际温度，配有气体压力传感器，来测量和计算吹出气体的体积。Since the temperature and the blown gas volume have a certain influence on the evaluation of the alcohol content in the blood, the device is also equipped with a temperature sensor to measure the actual temperature of the solution, and a gas pressure sensor to measure and calculate Volume of blown gas.
温度传感器和气体压力传感器均与信号处理单元连接，电容传感器经震荡电路、放大电路、抗干扰电路后与信号处理单元连接。Both the temperature sensor and the gas pressure sensor are connected with the signal processing unit, and the capacitance sensor is connected with the signal processing unit after going through an oscillation circuit, an amplification circuit and an anti-interference circuit.
吸水阀体与壳体的侧壁之间、吸水阀体与吸水阀钢球接触的配合面上、壳体和阀体之间、壳体与进气口阀相接触的配合面之间均由密封圈密封。Between the side wall of the water suction valve body and the shell, between the water suction valve body and the steel ball of the water suction valve, between the shell and the valve body, and between the shell and the air inlet valve. O-ring seals.
基于便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置的测量方法，包括以下步骤：The measuring method based on the portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device comprises the following steps:
步骤1)测试人员由进气口吹入气体，气体经第一单向阀、阀体进入容器中的溶液中；Step 1) The tester blows gas through the air inlet, and the gas enters the solution in the container through the first one-way valve and the valve body;
步骤1)测试人员由进气口吹入气体，气体经第一单向阀、阀体进入容器中的溶液中；Step 1) The tester blows gas through the air inlet, and the gas enters the solution in the container through the first one-way valve and the valve body;
步骤2)采集容器中溶液的温度t、电容C及气体压力值P；Step 2) collecting the temperature t, capacitance C and gas pressure value P of the solution in the container;
步骤3)根据温度t相对于室温20℃时的温度变化量Δt，利用拟合得到的电容影响因子ΔC与温度变化量Δt的函数关系式(5)，计算电容影响因子ΔC：Step 3) According to the temperature change Δt when the temperature t is relative to the room temperature of 20°C, the capacitance influence factor ΔC is calculated by using the function relationship (5) between the capacitance influence factor ΔC and the temperature change Δt obtained by fitting:
ΔC＝b 0+b 1Δt+b 2Δt 2+b 3Δt 3          (5) ΔC=b 0 +b 1 Δt+b 2 Δt 2 +b 3 Δt 3 (5)
其中，b 0、b 1、b 2、b 3为该函数的拟合系数； Among them, b 0 , b 1 , b 2 , b 3 are the fitting coefficients of this function;
利用修正的电容C和电容影响因子ΔC与溶液中酒精体积百分数d的函数关系式(3A)计算溶液中酒精体积百分数d，Utilize the functional relational expression (3A) of the electric capacity C of correction and electric capacity influence factor Δ C and the alcohol volume percentage d in the solution to calculate the alcohol volume percentage d in the solution,
C+ΔC＝a 0+a 1d+a 2d 2+a 3d 3+.........a kd k      (3A) C+ΔC＝a 0 +a 1 d+a 2 d 2 +a 3 d 3 +......a k d k (3A)
其中，a 0、a 1、a 2、...a k为拟合系数，k为设定的拟合多项式阶数； Among them, a 0 , a 1 , a 2 ,...a k are the fitting coefficients, and k is the set fitting polynomial order;
利用气体压力传感器测得的气体压力值P，采用公式(6)计算吹入气体的实际体积V x为： Using the gas pressure value P measured by the gas pressure sensor, the actual volume V x of the blown gas is calculated by formula (6):
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000001
其中，V 1为温度t时容器中液体上方的气体体积，P 0为大气压为； Wherein, V 1 is the volume of gas above the liquid in the container at temperature t, P 0 is the atmospheric pressure;
利用公式(7)，计算得到呼出气体中酒精的体积百分比d 0为： Using the formula (7), the volume percentage d0 of the alcohol in the exhaled breath is calculated as:
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000002
其中，V 2为容器中液体体积； Wherein, V 2 is the liquid volume in the container;
利用血液中的酒精体积百分比V与溶液呼出气体中酒精体积百分比d 0函数关系式(8)计算血液中的酒精体积百分比V为： Utilize the alcohol volume percentage V in the blood and the alcohol volume percentage d0 function relational expression (8) to calculate the alcohol volume percentage V in the blood as:
V＝c 0+c 1d 0+c 2d 0 2+c 3d 0 3        (8) V＝c 0 +c 1 d 0 +c 2 d 0 2 +c 3 d 0 3 (8)
其中，c 0、c 1、c 2、c 3为拟合系数。 Among them, c 0 , c 1 , c 2 and c 3 are fitting coefficients.
进一步地，电容C和溶液中酒精体积百分数d的函数关系式建立步骤为：Further, the steps for establishing the functional relationship between the capacitance C and the alcohol volume percentage d in the solution are:
根据公式(1)的电容计算公式：According to the capacitance calculation formula of formula (1):
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000003
其中，ε 0为真空中的介电常数，ε r为混合溶液的介电常数，L为两电极的正对长度，d 1为电容的外径，d 2为电容的内径； Among them, ε0 is the dielectric constant in vacuum, εr is the dielectric constant of the mixed solution, L is the length of the two electrodes facing each other, d1 is the outer diameter of the capacitor, and d2 is the inner diameter of the capacitor;
在已知ε 0、L、d 1、d 2时，通过测量的电容C，计算出混合溶液的介电常数ε r； When ε 0 , L, d 1 , d 2 are known, the dielectric constant ε r of the mixed solution is calculated through the measured capacitance C;
根据混合溶液的介电常数ε r、纯酒精的介电常数ε r1、纯水时的介电常数ε r2，由公式(2)计算出溶液中酒精体积百分数d； According to the dielectric constant ε r of the mixed solution, the dielectric constant ε r1 of pure alcohol, and the dielectric constant ε r2 of pure water, the volume percentage d of alcohol in the solution is calculated by formula (2);
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000004
根据n次实际测量出的电容C和计算出的对应的溶液中酒精体积百分数d，建立电容C和溶液中酒精体积百分数d的关系曲线，采用最小二乘法，根据式(3)、(4)拟合出两者间关系的函数C＝f(d)：According to the capacitance C actually measured n times and the corresponding alcohol volume percentage d in the solution calculated, establish the relationship curve between the capacitance C and the alcohol volume percentage d in the solution, adopt the least square method, according to formula (3), (4) The function C=f(d) that fits the relationship between the two:
C＝f(d)＝a 0+a 1d+a 2d 2+a 3d 3+.........a kd k    (3) C＝f(d)＝a 0 +a 1 d+a 2 d 2 +a 3 d 3 +......a k d k (3)
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000005
其中，Loss为误差平方和，最小二乘法拟合的目标为误差平方和最小，C i为第i次测试的电容，d i为第i次测试计算的对应的酒精体积百分数，k≤n，n为测试总次数。 Among them, Loss is the error sum of squares, the goal of the least squares method fitting is the smallest error square sum, C i is the capacitance of the i-th test, d i is the corresponding alcohol volume percentage calculated for the i-th test, k≤n, n is the total number of tests.
进一步地，利用电容影响因子ΔC修正拟合函数公式(3)，得：Further, the fitting function formula (3) is modified by the capacitance influence factor ΔC, and it is obtained:
C+ΔC＝a 0+a 1d+a 2d 2+a 3d 3+.........a kd k        (3A)。 C+ΔC=a 0 +a 1 d+a 2 d 2 +a 3 d 3 +......a k d k (3A).
进一步地，血液中的酒精体积百分比V与呼出气体中酒精体积百分比d 0函数关系式建立步骤为： Further, the steps for establishing the functional relationship between the alcohol volume percentage V in the blood and the alcohol volume percentage d0 in the exhaled breath are:
在同一个试验人员完成吹气之后同时对该试验人员测试其血液中的酒精百分比，根据血液测试结果，拟合出血液中的酒精体积百分比V与呼出气体中酒精体积百分比d 0函数关系式。 After the same experimenter finished inhaling, he tested the alcohol percentage in his blood at the same time. According to the blood test results, the function relationship between the alcohol volume percentage V in the blood and the alcohol volume percentage d0 in the exhaled breath was fitted.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
本发明通过优化测试装置结构和测试方法，尽可能充分的让呼出气体中的酒精溶解在容器中的液体中，并考虑了不同人吹出气体的温度不同对血液中酒精体积百分比的影响，考虑了温度的影响进行了函数的拟合，利用拟合的函数就能得出结果精确的血液中酒精浓度，避免了通过采血测量血液中酒精浓度的方式；本装置在更换容器中的液体后可重复利用，具有操作简单、快速得到结果、便携性好、测试效率高、测试成本低等优点。In the present invention, by optimizing the structure of the test device and the test method, the alcohol in the exhaled gas can be dissolved in the liquid in the container as fully as possible, and the influence of the temperature of the gas blown out by different people on the volume percentage of alcohol in the blood is considered. The influence of temperature is used to fit the function, and the accurate blood alcohol concentration can be obtained by using the fitted function, which avoids the method of measuring blood alcohol concentration through blood sampling; the device can be repeated after changing the liquid in the container It has the advantages of simple operation, quick results, good portability, high test efficiency, and low test cost.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1吸水机构剖面图；Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the water-absorbing mechanism;
图2测量装置采集数据工作流程图；Figure 2 is a flow chart of the data acquisition work of the measuring device;
图中，1-PTFE膜、2-阀体、3-密封圈、4-壳体、5-密封圈、6-进气口阀弹簧、7-进气口阀、8-密封圈、9-吸水阀体、10-密封圈、11-吸水阀钢球、12-密封圈、13-吸水阀弹簧、14-吸水口、15-进气口、16-密封盖、17-排水口、18-容器、19-密封圈、20-气体压力传感器、21-电容传感器温度传感器安装处、22-异形流道、23-横向孔。In the figure, 1-PTFE film, 2-valve body, 3-sealing ring, 4-housing, 5-sealing ring, 6-inlet valve spring, 7-inlet valve, 8-sealing ring, 9- Water suction valve body, 10-sealing ring, 11-water suction valve steel ball, 12-sealing ring, 13-water suction valve spring, 14-water suction port, 15-air inlet, 16-sealing cover, 17-drainage port, 18- Container, 19-sealing ring, 20-gas pressure sensor, 21-capacitance sensor temperature sensor installation place, 22-special-shaped flow channel, 23-transverse hole.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，本实施例的便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置，包括壳体4、设置在壳体4上的第二单向阀和容器18、设置在壳体4内部的阀体2和第一单向阀。As shown in Figure 1, the portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device of the present embodiment comprises a housing 4, a second one-way valve and a container 18 arranged on the housing 4, a valve body 2 arranged inside the housing 4 and the first one-way valve.
壳体4的一端具有一进气口15，壳体4的内部为中空空间，内部中空空间中设置有阀体2和第一单向阀，且第一单向阀靠近进气口15设置。One end of the casing 4 has an air inlet 15 , the inside of the casing 4 is a hollow space, and the valve body 2 and the first one-way valve are arranged in the inner hollow space, and the first one-way valve is arranged near the air inlet 15 .
阀体2内部设置有沿阀体轴向延伸的异形流道22，阀体2内部还设置有沿阀体径向延伸且与异形流道22交叉贯通的横向孔23。The inside of the valve body 2 is provided with a special-shaped flow channel 22 extending along the axial direction of the valve body, and the inside of the valve body 2 is also provided with a transverse hole 23 extending along the radial direction of the valve body and intersecting with the special-shaped flow channel 22 .
进气口15的作用是可以连接吹气管，使被测人吹出的气体可进入到阀体2内。The effect of air inlet 15 is to be able to connect air blowing pipe, makes the gas that the person under test blows out can enter in the valve body 2.
第一单向阀主要由进气口阀弹簧6和进气口阀7组成。进气口阀7可活动地设置在进气口15处，进气口阀弹簧6设置在进气口阀7与阀体2之间。进气口阀7与进气口15之间还设置有密封圈8，当进气口阀7在进气口阀弹簧6的弹力作用下与进气口15相抵时，由密封圈8在进气口阀7与进气口15之间形成进一步的密封。第一单向阀的作用是在吹气阶段，当从进气口15进入的气体压力高于进气口阀弹簧6的预紧力和阀体2内部气体压力之和时，则进气口阀弹簧6可被压缩，第一单向阀开启，气体可以经第一单向阀进入阀体2的内部；当进入吹气完成阶段，从进气口15进入的气体压力低于弹簧的预紧力时和阀体2内部气体压力之和时，则进气口阀弹簧6不能被压缩，第一单向阀关闭，进气口阀7、密封圈8在进气口15处起到密封作用，吹气不再从进气口15进入阀体2内部，阀体2内部的气体也无法从进气口15排出。The first one-way valve is mainly made up of air inlet valve spring 6 and air inlet valve 7. The air inlet valve 7 is movably arranged at the air inlet 15 , and the air inlet valve spring 6 is arranged between the air inlet valve 7 and the valve body 2 . Also be provided with sealing ring 8 between air inlet valve 7 and air inlet 15, when air inlet valve 7 under the elastic force effect of air inlet valve spring 6 and air inlet 15 offset, by sealing ring 8 A further seal is formed between the air port valve 7 and the air inlet 15 . The function of the first one-way valve is that in the blowing stage, when the gas pressure entering from the air inlet 15 is higher than the pretightening force of the air inlet valve spring 6 and the sum of the gas pressure inside the valve body 2, the air inlet The valve spring 6 can be compressed, the first one-way valve is opened, and the gas can enter the inside of the valve body 2 through the first one-way valve; when entering the blowing completion stage, the pressure of the gas entering from the air inlet 15 is lower than the preset value of the spring. When the force is tight and the sum of the gas pressure inside the valve body 2, the air inlet valve spring 6 cannot be compressed, the first one-way valve is closed, and the air inlet valve 7 and the sealing ring 8 play a role of sealing at the air inlet 15. As a result, blowing air no longer enters the inside of the valve body 2 from the air inlet 15, and the gas inside the valve body 2 cannot be discharged from the air inlet 15 either.
壳体4的另一端设置有容器18，容器18与壳体4内的阀体2相邻设置；壳体4与容器18之间由PTFE膜1间隔。容器18靠近壳体4的一端侧壁上设置有排水口17，排水口17的作用是使容器18中的水可以从该口流出。容器18的开口由密封盖16密封封堵。容器18内设置有用来测试容器18内部上方气体压力的气体压力传感器20。本实施例中，气体压力传感器20设置在密封盖16朝向容器18内部的表面上，其他实施方式中，可根据需要具体设置气体压力传感器20的位置。容器18与密封盖16之间设置有用于密封的密封圈19。The other end of the casing 4 is provided with a container 18 , which is adjacent to the valve body 2 in the casing 4 ; the casing 4 and the container 18 are separated by a PTFE membrane 1 . A drain port 17 is provided on the side wall of the container 18 close to the housing 4, and the function of the drain port 17 is to allow the water in the container 18 to flow out from the port. The opening of the container 18 is hermetically sealed by a sealing cap 16 . The container 18 is provided with a gas pressure sensor 20 for testing the gas pressure above the container 18 . In this embodiment, the gas pressure sensor 20 is arranged on the surface of the sealing cover 16 facing the inside of the container 18 , in other implementation manners, the position of the gas pressure sensor 20 can be specifically set as required. A sealing ring 19 for sealing is arranged between the container 18 and the sealing cover 16 .
如图2所示，容器18内装有设定量的纯净水，纯净水的高度浸没设置在容器18内的电容传感器和温度传感器(图中未示出)，且低于气体压力传感器20，使气体压力传 感器20暴露在容器18内的溶液上部的气体中。温度传感器和气体压力传感器20均与信号处理单元连接，电容传感器经震荡电路、放大电路、抗干扰电路后与信号处理单元连接。As shown in Figure 2, the pure water of set amount is housed in the container 18, the height immersion of pure water is arranged on the capacitive sensor and the temperature sensor (not shown) in the container 18, and is lower than the gas pressure sensor 20, makes The gas pressure sensor 20 is exposed to the gas above the solution in the container 18 . Both the temperature sensor and the gas pressure sensor 20 are connected to the signal processing unit, and the capacitive sensor is connected to the signal processing unit after going through an oscillating circuit, an amplifying circuit, and an anti-interference circuit.
壳体4的侧壁以可拆卸的方式连接有第二单向阀。第二单向阀主要由吸水阀体9、吸水阀钢球11和吸水阀弹簧13等组成。吸水阀体9上具有一吸水口14，吸水口14通过管道与容器18上的排水口17相连，从排水口17流出的水可以从吸水口14流进吸水阀体9中，同时，吸水口14可经吸水阀体9与阀体2内部的横向孔23形成连通。吸水阀钢球11可活动地设置在吸水口14处，吸水阀弹簧13设置在吸水阀钢球11与壳体4的侧壁间。A second one-way valve is detachably connected to the side wall of the housing 4 . The second one-way valve is mainly made up of water suction valve body 9, water suction valve steel ball 11 and water suction valve spring 13 etc. There is a water suction port 14 on the water suction valve body 9, and the water suction port 14 links to each other with the discharge port 17 on the container 18 by pipeline, the water flowing out from the water discharge port 17 can flow in the water suction valve body 9 from the water suction port 14, simultaneously, the water suction port 14 can communicate with the transverse hole 23 inside the valve body 2 through the suction valve body 9 . The water suction valve steel ball 11 is movably arranged at the water suction port 14 , and the water suction valve spring 13 is arranged between the water suction valve steel ball 11 and the side wall of the housing 4 .
吸水阀体9可与吸水阀钢球11接触的配合面上设置有密封圈10，当吸水阀钢球11在吸水阀弹簧13的作用下堵于吸水阀体9的吸水口14上时，可与密封圈10相接触对吸水口14进行密封。吸水阀弹簧13的预紧力低于在排水口17和吸水口14之间水产生的压力差。第二单向阀的作用是当吸水口14的压力低于吸水阀弹簧13的预紧力和阀体2内部压力之和时，第二单向阀闭合，吸水阀钢球11配合密封圈10起到密封作用，防止阀体2内部的气体流到吸水口14外面；当吸水口14的压力高于吸水阀弹簧13的预紧力和阀体2内部压力之和时，第二单向阀开启，则容器18中的水可以从排水口17经过吸水口14进入到阀体2里面。The sealing ring 10 is arranged on the mating surface of the water suction valve body 9 that can be in contact with the water suction valve steel ball 11. When the water suction valve steel ball 11 is blocked on the water suction port 14 of the water suction valve body 9 under the action of the water suction valve spring 13, The water suction port 14 is sealed by being in contact with the sealing ring 10 . The pre-tightening force of the water suction valve spring 13 is lower than the pressure difference generated by the water between the discharge port 17 and the water suction port 14 . The function of the second one-way valve is that when the pressure of the water suction port 14 is lower than the sum of the pretightening force of the water suction valve spring 13 and the internal pressure of the valve body 2, the second one-way valve is closed, and the water suction valve steel ball 11 cooperates with the sealing ring 10 Play a sealing role to prevent the gas inside the valve body 2 from flowing out of the water suction port 14; If it is opened, the water in the container 18 can enter the inside of the valve body 2 from the drain port 17 through the water suction port 14 .
当在吹气阶段时，吹进阀体2内部的流速较高的气体通过异形流道22时，与异形流道22连接的横向孔23处于负压状态，第二单向阀开启，吸水口14处的水由于重力势能的作用可以进入横向孔23中。When in the air blowing stage, when the gas with a higher flow rate blown into the valve body 2 passes through the special-shaped flow channel 22, the transverse hole 23 connected with the special-shaped flow channel 22 is in a negative pressure state, the second one-way valve is opened, and the suction port The water at 14 can enter the transverse hole 23 due to the effect of gravitational potential energy.
PTFE膜1是一种方便气体通过，而液体不容易通过的一层膜。从进气口15吹进的气体可通过PTFE膜1进入到容器18内，与容器18内的水充分接触，从而将吹入的气体充分溶解在水中，而容器18内的溶液反向无法直接通过PTFE膜1渗入到阀体2及进入到吸水阀体9里。PTFE membrane 1 is a layer of membrane that is convenient for gas to pass through, but not easy for liquid to pass through. The gas blown from the air inlet 15 can enter the container 18 through the PTFE membrane 1, and fully contact with the water in the container 18, thereby fully dissolving the blown gas in the water, while the solution in the container 18 cannot directly It penetrates into the valve body 2 and enters the suction valve body 9 through the PTFE membrane 1.
较佳地，吸水阀体9与壳体4的侧壁之间由密封圈12密封。Preferably, the sealing ring 12 is used to seal the water suction valve body 9 and the side wall of the housing 4 .
本实施例中第二单向阀的吸水阀体9与壳体4采用螺纹连接方式方便拆卸。In this embodiment, the suction valve body 9 and the housing 4 of the second one-way valve are connected by threads to facilitate disassembly.
壳体4的作用是可以支撑阀体2、第一单向阀、容器18等零件，并给第二单向阀的吸水阀体9提供螺纹安装接口，使第二单向阀与壳体4可以实现可拆卸地连接。The effect of housing 4 is to support parts such as valve body 2, the first one-way valve, container 18, and provides threaded installation interface for the suction valve body 9 of the second one-way valve, makes the second one-way valve and housing 4 A detachable connection is possible.
为了增加壳体4与阀体2之间的密封性，壳体4和阀体2之间可设置密封圈3和密封圈5进行密封。In order to increase the sealing performance between the casing 4 and the valve body 2, a sealing ring 3 and a sealing ring 5 can be arranged between the casing 4 and the valve body 2 for sealing.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例的便携吹气式酒精浓度测量方法，主要包括以下步骤：The portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring method of the present embodiment mainly comprises the following steps:
步骤1：标定电容传感器Step 1: Calibrate the capacitive sensor
在连接好电容传感器电路之后，进行测试前先对电容传感器显示数值进行标定。After connecting the capacitive sensor circuit, calibrate the displayed value of the capacitive sensor before testing.
由公式(2)计算得不同酒精体积百分数含量时的介电常数表，如表1所示。The dielectric constant table when calculating different alcohol volume percentages by formula (2), as shown in Table 1.
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000006
其中，ε r为混合溶液的介电常数即实际电解质的介电常数，ε r1为纯酒精的介电常数，ε r2为纯水时的介电常数，d为酒精体积百分数。 Among them, ε r is the dielectric constant of the mixed solution, that is, the dielectric constant of the actual electrolyte, ε r1 is the dielectric constant of pure alcohol, ε r2 is the dielectric constant of pure water, and d is the volume percentage of alcohol.
表1不同酒精体积百分数时的介电常数Dielectric constant at different alcohol volume percentages in table 1
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000007
根据表1中计算所得的介电常数和酒精体积百分数的关系对电容传感器输出数值进行标定，标定完成后，开始测试。Calibrate the output value of the capacitive sensor according to the relationship between the dielectric constant and the volume percentage of alcohol calculated in Table 1. After the calibration is completed, start the test.
步骤2：函数拟合Step 2: Function Fitting
在便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置的容器18中倒入T℃温度的酒精浓度(酒精体积分数)不同的溶液，每一酒精浓度的溶液进行一次测量。测量时，将电容传感器放入溶液中，电容传感器采集的信号经震荡电路、信号放大电路、抗干扰电路处理后，最后输出到信号处理单元，信号处理单元计算输出该溶液中的酒精体积百分数值。Pour different solutions of alcohol concentration (alcohol volume fraction) at T°C into the container 18 of the portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device, and measure once for each solution of alcohol concentration. When measuring, put the capacitive sensor into the solution, and the signal collected by the capacitive sensor is processed by the oscillating circuit, signal amplifying circuit, and anti-interference circuit, and finally output to the signal processing unit, which calculates and outputs the alcohol volume percentage value in the solution .
根据公式(1)的电容计算公式：According to the capacitance calculation formula of formula (1):
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000008
其中，ε 0为真空中的介电常数，ε r为混合溶液的介电常数即实际电解质的介电常数，L为两电极的正对长度，d 1为电容的外径，d 2为电容的内径。 Among them, ε 0 is the dielectric constant in vacuum, ε r is the dielectric constant of the mixed solution, that is, the dielectric constant of the actual electrolyte, L is the length of the two electrodes facing each other, d 1 is the outer diameter of the capacitor, and d 2 is the capacitor inner diameter.
在已知ε 0、L、d 1、d 2时，通过测量的电容C，可计算出混合溶液的介电常数ε r。 When ε 0 , L, d 1 , d 2 are known, the dielectric constant ε r of the mixed solution can be calculated from the measured capacitance C.
根据混合溶液的介电常数ε r、纯酒精的介电常数ε r1、纯水时的介电常数ε r2，由公式(2)可计算出溶液中酒精体积百分数d。 According to the dielectric constant ε r of the mixed solution, the dielectric constant ε r1 of pure alcohol, and the dielectric constant ε r2 of pure water, the volume percentage d of alcohol in the solution can be calculated from formula (2).
根据n次实际测量出的电容C(测量保持室温20℃进行)和计算出的溶液中对应的 酒精体积百分数d，建立电容C和溶液中酒精体积百分数d的关系曲线，通过最小二乘法拟合出两者间关系的函数C＝f(d)：According to the capacitance C actually measured n times (the measurement is carried out at room temperature at 20°C) and the calculated corresponding alcohol volume percentage d in the solution, a relationship curve between the capacitance C and the alcohol volume percentage d in the solution is established, and fitted by the least squares method The function C=f(d) that shows the relationship between the two:
C＝f(d)＝a 0+a 1d+a 2d 2+a 3d 3+.........a kd k       (3) C＝f(d)＝a 0 +a 1 d+a 2 d 2 +a 3 d 3 +......a k d k (3)
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000009
其中，Loss为误差平方和，最小二乘法拟合的目标为误差平方和最小，a 0、a 1、a 2、...a k为该函数的拟合系数，k≤n，k为拟合多项式阶数，C i为第i次测试的电容，d i为第i次测试计算的对应的酒精体积百分数，n为测试总次数。 Among them, Loss is the sum of squared errors, the goal of the least squares method fitting is to minimize the sum of squared errors, a 0 , a 1 , a 2 ,...a k are the fitting coefficients of the function, k≤n, k is the fitted The combined polynomial order, C i is the capacitance of the i-th test, d i is the corresponding alcohol volume percentage calculated for the i-th test, and n is the total number of tests.
考虑到人体呼出的气体温度通常范围为10-40℃，在此区间改变溶液的温度为t 2℃、t 3℃、t 4℃等重复上述步骤，分别测试得到不同温度下的电容与酒精体积百分数的函数，并测试出室温20℃时的电容值，拟合得到电容影响因子ΔC随温度相对于室温20℃时变化量Δt变化的函数为： Considering that the temperature of the gas exhaled by the human body usually ranges from 10-40 °C, change the temperature of the solution in this range to t 2 °C, t 3 °C, t 4 °C, etc. Repeat the above steps to test the capacitance and alcohol volume at different temperatures respectively Percentage function, and test the capacitance value at room temperature of 20°C, the fitting function of capacitance influence factor ΔC with temperature relative to the change of room temperature at 20°C is as follows:
ΔC＝b 0+b 1Δt+b 2Δt 2+b 3Δt 3         (5) ΔC=b 0 +b 1 Δt+b 2 Δt 2 +b 3 Δt 3 (5)
其中，b 0、b 1、b 2、b 3为该函数的拟合系数。考虑到计算难度、计算时间等因素，本实施例中关于温度的拟合多项式阶数设定为3阶。 Among them, b 0 , b 1 , b 2 , b 3 are the fitting coefficients of this function. Considering factors such as calculation difficulty and calculation time, the order of the fitting polynomial for temperature in this embodiment is set to be 3rd order.
用该电容影响因子ΔC修正拟合函数公式(3)为：Using the capacitance influence factor ΔC to modify the fitting function formula (3) is:
C+ΔC＝a 0+a 1d+a 2d 2+a 3d 3+.........a kd k      (3A) C+ΔC＝a 0 +a 1 d+a 2 d 2 +a 3 d 3 +......a k d k (3A)
步骤3：标定呼出气体中酒精体积百分数与血液中酒精的函数Step 3: Calibrate Exhaled Breath Alcohol Volume Percent as a Function of Blood Alcohol
在同一温度t下，容器18中液体上方的气体体积为已知固定值V 1，大气压为P 0，不同的人吹出一定气体压力情况下，吹入容器中的气体的实际体积设为V x，气体压力传感器20测得该气体压力值为P，则吹入气体的实际体积V x为： At the same temperature t, the volume of the gas above the liquid in the container 18 is a known fixed value V 1 , the atmospheric pressure is P 0 , and when different people blow out a certain gas pressure, the actual volume of the gas blown into the container is set as V x , the gas pressure sensor 20 measures the gas pressure value as P, then the actual volume V of the blown gas is:
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000010
使用本装置测试计算得到溶液中不同的酒精体积百分数为d，纯净水体积为V 2，则该测试人员呼出气体中酒精的体积百分比d 0为： Using this device to test and calculate the different volume percentages of alcohol in the solution is d, and the volume of pure water is V 2 , then the volume percentage d 0 of alcohol in the breath of the tester is:
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-000011
为保证标定的顺利，在同一个试验人员完成吹气之后同时对该试验人员测试其血液 中的酒精百分比，则根据血液检测结果，将函数拟合为血液中的酒精体积百分比V随计算所得的呼出气体中酒精体积百分比d 0变化的函数为： In order to ensure the smooth calibration, after the same tester finishes inhaling, test the alcohol percentage in the blood of the same tester at the same time, then according to the blood test results, the function is fitted as the volume percentage V of alcohol in the blood with the calculated The function of the change of alcohol volume percentage d0 in exhaled breath is:
V＝c 0+c 1d 0+c 2d 0 2+c 3d 0 3         (8) V＝c 0 +c 1 d 0 +c 2 d 0 2 +c 3 d 0 3 (8)
其中，c 0、c 1、c 2、c 3为该函数的拟合系数。 Among them, c 0 , c 1 , c 2 , and c 3 are the fitting coefficients of the function.
将此结果标定在最终显示结果函数中。考虑到计算难度、计算时间等因素，本实施例中的拟合多项式阶数设定为3阶。Scale this result in the final display result function. Considering factors such as calculation difficulty and calculation time, the order of the fitting polynomial in this embodiment is set to be 3rd order.
步骤4：检测测试人员血液中的酒精体积百分比Step 4: Detect the percentage of alcohol by volume in the tester's blood
安装好测试装置，用管道将排水口17和吸水口14连通，在进气口15上连接好吹气管，将容器18中装入固定容量的纯净水(纯净水量低于气体压力传感器20的位置)，将气体压力传感器20固定到密封盖16上，将电容传感器和温度传感器浸入到容器18的纯净水中，连接上传感器的测试电路，将密封盖16固定到容器18的上方开口上，连接好测试系统好，测试人员通过吹气管向进气口15中吹入含有酒精的气体，进气口15处的第一单向阀在气流的作用下打开，吹入的气体快速进入阀体2的异形流道22中，并通过异形流道22穿过PTFE膜1后进入容器18内的纯净水中，酒精气体一部分溶解在纯净水中。气体快速在阀体2的异形流道22中流动时，纯净水在重力势能差的作用下，从排水口17流向吸水口14，此时吸水口14处的第二单向阀在纯净水的重力势能的作用下打开，进入到阀体2的横向孔23及与横向孔23交叉贯通的异形流道22中，吹入气体中的酒精气体进一步溶解到纯净水中，以此达到充分溶解的目的。The test device is installed, the drain port 17 is communicated with the water suction port 14 with a pipeline, the air blowing pipe is connected on the air inlet port 15, and the pure water of fixed capacity is loaded into the container 18 (the pure water amount is lower than the position of the gas pressure sensor 20 ), the gas pressure sensor 20 is fixed on the sealing cover 16, the capacitance sensor and the temperature sensor are immersed in the pure water of the container 18, the test circuit of the sensor is connected, the sealing cover 16 is fixed on the upper opening of the container 18, and the connection is completed. The test system is good. The tester blows alcohol-containing gas into the air inlet 15 through the blowing pipe. The first one-way valve at the air inlet 15 is opened under the action of the air flow, and the blown gas quickly enters the valve body 2. In the special-shaped flow channel 22, and enter the pure water in the container 18 after passing through the PTFE membrane 1 by the special-shaped flow channel 22, a part of the alcohol gas is dissolved in the pure water. When the gas quickly flows in the special-shaped flow channel 22 of the valve body 2, the pure water flows from the discharge port 17 to the water suction port 14 under the action of the gravitational potential energy difference. Open under the action of gravitational potential energy, enter the transverse hole 23 of the valve body 2 and the special-shaped flow channel 22 intersecting with the transverse hole 23, and the alcohol gas blown into the gas is further dissolved into the pure water, so as to achieve the purpose of fully dissolving .
由于每个人肺活量不一样，当吹入达到一定该测试人员吹出压力极限时，停止吹气，进气口15和吸水口14处的第一、第二单向阀在容器中气体压力的作用下关闭。Because everyone's lung capacity is different, when the insufflation reaches a certain pressure limit, the tester stops insufflation, and the first and second one-way valves at the air inlet 15 and the water suction port 14 are under the effect of the gas pressure in the container. closure.
此时电容传感器输出测得的电容值，经过震荡电路、放大电路、抗干扰电路后经过信号处理单元进行信号处理，气体压力传感器20输出测得的气体压力值P传输给信号处理单元，温度传感器输出测得的温度值后传输给信号处理单元，经过信号处理单元进行信号处理后进行相应计算，最终得到该测试人员血液中的酒精体积百分比V。At this time, the capacitive sensor outputs the measured capacitance value, and after the oscillating circuit, the amplifier circuit, and the anti-interference circuit, the signal processing unit performs signal processing, and the gas pressure sensor 20 outputs the measured gas pressure value P and transmits it to the signal processing unit. After the measured temperature value is output, it is transmitted to the signal processing unit, and after the signal processing unit performs signal processing, corresponding calculation is performed, and finally the alcohol volume percentage V in the blood of the tester is obtained.
计算过程为：The calculation process is:
结合温度传感器测得的温度得到相对于室温20℃时温度变化量Δt，根据拟合函数公式(5)，在已知Δt时，可计算得到对电容的影响因子ΔC；在电容传感器测得的电容C的基础上，并叠加结合影响因子ΔC，采用拟合函数公式(3A)，可求得溶液中酒精体积百分数d；再利用气体压力传感器测得的气体压力值P，采用公式(6)、(7)，计算得 到呼出气体中酒精的体积百分比d 0，最后根据拟合函数公式(8)，计算得到该测试人员血液中的酒精体积百分比V。 Combining the temperature measured by the temperature sensor to obtain the temperature change Δt relative to the room temperature at 20°C, according to the fitting function formula (5), when Δt is known, the influence factor ΔC on the capacitance can be calculated; On the basis of the capacitance C, and superimposed combined with the influence factor ΔC, the fitting function formula (3A) can be used to obtain the alcohol volume percentage d in the solution; and then the gas pressure value P measured by the gas pressure sensor can be calculated using the formula (6) , (7), calculate the alcohol volume percentage d 0 in the exhaled breath, and finally calculate the alcohol volume percentage V in the blood of the tester according to the fitting function formula (8).
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置，其特征在于，包括壳体、设置在壳体内部的阀体和第一单向阀、设置在壳体上的第二单向阀和一可容纳液体的容器；A portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device is characterized in that it includes a housing, a valve body and a first one-way valve arranged inside the housing, a second one-way valve arranged on the housing and a liquid-capable container;
    壳体的一端具有一进气口，第一单向阀可启闭地设置在进气口和阀体之间；阀体内部具有通向第一单向阀、第二单向阀和容器的交叉连通的通道；One end of the housing has an air inlet, and the first one-way valve can be opened and closed between the air inlet and the valve body; cross-connected channels;
    壳体的另一端设置所述容器，壳体与容器之间由PTFE膜间隔；所述容器靠近壳体一端的侧壁上设置有排水口；容器设置有开口，所述开口由一可启闭的密封盖所密封；The other end of the housing is provided with the container, and the housing and the container are separated by a PTFE membrane; the side wall of the container near one end of the housing is provided with a drain; the container is provided with an opening, and the opening is opened and closed by a Sealed by the sealing cover;
    所述第二单向阀设置在壳体的侧壁上，第二单向阀具有一与容器上的排水口相连的吸水口，第二单向阀的启闭可使吸水口与阀体内部的通道实现通断。The second one-way valve is arranged on the side wall of the housing. The second one-way valve has a water suction port connected to the drain port on the container. The opening and closing of the second one-way valve can make the water suction port and the inside of the valve body The channel realizes on-off.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置，其特征在于，所述第一单向阀包括进气口阀弹簧和进气口阀；进气口阀可活动地设置在进气口处，进气口阀弹簧设置在进气口阀与阀体之间。A kind of portable air blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first one-way valve comprises air inlet valve spring and air inlet valve; Air inlet valve is movably arranged on At the air inlet, the air inlet valve spring is arranged between the air inlet valve and the valve body.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置，其特征在于，所述第二单向阀包括吸水阀体、吸水阀钢球和吸水阀弹簧；所述吸水阀体内具有一贯通所述吸水口与阀体的吸水道；所述吸水阀钢球可活动地设置在所述吸水道上，使吸水口与阀体内部的通道实现通断；所述吸水阀弹簧设置在吸水阀钢球与壳体的侧壁间。A portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the second one-way valve includes a water suction valve body, a water suction valve steel ball and a water suction valve spring; the water suction valve body has a The water suction channel through the water suction port and the valve body; the water suction valve steel ball is movably arranged on the water suction channel, so that the water suction port and the channel inside the valve body can be connected and disconnected; the water suction valve spring is set on the water suction valve Between the steel ball and the side wall of the shell.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置，其特征在于，所述阀体内部的通道包括沿阀体轴向贯穿的异形流道和与异形流道交叉贯通的横向孔。A portable air-blowing alcohol concentration measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the channel inside the valve body includes a special-shaped flow channel penetrating in the axial direction of the valve body and a transverse hole intersecting with the special-shaped flow channel .
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置，其特征在于，所述PTFE膜使气体通过而阻止液体通过。A portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the PTFE membrane allows gas to pass through and prevents liquid from passing through.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置，其特征在于，所述容器内设置有气体压力传感器、电容传感器和温度传感器。A portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that a gas pressure sensor, a capacitance sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged in the container.
    温度传感器和气体压力传感器均与信号处理单元连接，电容传感器经震荡电路、放大电路、抗干扰电路后与信号处理单元连接。Both the temperature sensor and the gas pressure sensor are connected with the signal processing unit, and the capacitance sensor is connected with the signal processing unit after going through an oscillation circuit, an amplification circuit and an anti-interference circuit.
  7. 一种基于权利要求1所述的便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置的测量方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A measuring method based on the portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
    步骤1)测试人员由进气口吹入气体，气体经第一单向阀、阀体进入容器中的溶液中；Step 1) The tester blows gas through the air inlet, and the gas enters the solution in the container through the first one-way valve and the valve body;
    步骤2)采集容器中溶液的温度t、电容C及气体压力值P；Step 2) collecting the temperature t, capacitance C and gas pressure value P of the solution in the container;
    步骤3)根据温度t相对于室温20℃时的温度变化量Δt，利用拟合得到的电容影响因子ΔC与温度变化量Δt的函数关系式(5)，计算电容影响因子ΔC：Step 3) According to the temperature change Δt when the temperature t is relative to the room temperature of 20°C, the capacitance influence factor ΔC is calculated by using the function relationship (5) between the capacitance influence factor ΔC and the temperature change Δt obtained by fitting:
    ΔC＝b 0+b 1Δt+b 2Δt 2+b 3Δt 3  (5) ΔC=b 0 +b 1 Δt+b 2 Δt 2 +b 3 Δt 3 (5)
    其中，b 0、b 1、b 2、b 3为该函数的拟合系数； Among them, b 0 , b 1 , b 2 , b 3 are the fitting coefficients of this function;
    利用修正的电容C和电容影响因子ΔC与溶液中酒精体积百分数d的函数关系式(3A)计算溶液中酒精体积百分数d，Utilize the functional relational expression (3A) of the electric capacity C of correction and electric capacity influence factor Δ C and the alcohol volume percentage d in the solution to calculate the alcohol volume percentage d in the solution,
    C+ΔC＝a 0+a 1d+a 2d 2+a 3d 3+.........a kd k  (3A) C+ΔC＝a 0 +a 1 d+a 2 d 2 +a 3 d 3 +......a k d k (3A)
    其中，a 0、a 1、a 2、...a k为拟合系数，k为设定的拟合多项式阶数； Among them, a 0 , a 1 , a 2 ,...a k are the fitting coefficients, and k is the set fitting polynomial order;
    利用气体压力传感器测得的气体压力值P，采用公式(6)计算吹入气体的实际体积V x为： Using the gas pressure value P measured by the gas pressure sensor, the actual volume V x of the blown gas is calculated by formula (6):
    Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-100001
    其中，V 1为温度t时容器中液体上方的气体体积，P 0为大气压为； Wherein, V 1 is the volume of gas above the liquid in the container at temperature t, P 0 is the atmospheric pressure;
    利用公式(7)，计算得到呼出气体中酒精的体积百分比d 0为： Using the formula (7), the volume percentage d0 of the alcohol in the exhaled breath is calculated as:
    Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-100002
    其中，V 2为容器中液体体积； Wherein, V 2 is the liquid volume in the container;
    利用血液中的酒精体积百分比V与溶液呼出气体中酒精体积百分比d 0函数关系式(8)计算血液中的酒精体积百分比V为： Utilize the alcohol volume percentage V in the blood and the alcohol volume percentage d0 function relational expression (8) to calculate the alcohol volume percentage V in the blood as:
    V＝c 0+c 1d 0+c 2d 0 2+c 3d 0 3  (8) V＝c 0 +c 1 d 0 +c 2 d 0 2 +c 3 d 0 3 (8)
    其中，c 0、c 1、c 2、c 3为拟合系数。 Among them, c 0 , c 1 , c 2 and c 3 are fitting coefficients.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置的测量方法，其特征在于，The measuring method of portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device according to claim 7, is characterized in that,
    电容C和溶液中酒精体积百分数d的函数关系式建立步骤为：The steps for establishing the functional relationship of the capacitance C and the alcohol volume percentage d in the solution are as follows:
    根据公式(1)的电容计算公式：According to the capacitance calculation formula of formula (1):
    Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-100003
    其中，ε 0为真空中的介电常数，ε r为混合溶液的介电常数，L为两电极的正对长度，d 1为电容的外径，d 2为电容的内径； Among them, ε0 is the dielectric constant in vacuum, εr is the dielectric constant of the mixed solution, L is the length of the two electrodes facing each other, d1 is the outer diameter of the capacitor, and d2 is the inner diameter of the capacitor;
    在已知ε 0、L、d 1、d 2时，通过测量的电容C，计算出混合溶液的介电常数ε r； When ε 0 , L, d 1 , d 2 are known, the dielectric constant ε r of the mixed solution is calculated through the measured capacitance C;
    根据混合溶液的介电常数ε r、纯酒精的介电常数ε r1、纯水时的介电常数ε r2，由公式(2)计算出溶液中酒精体积百分数d； According to the dielectric constant ε r of the mixed solution, the dielectric constant ε r1 of pure alcohol, and the dielectric constant ε r2 of pure water, the volume percentage d of alcohol in the solution is calculated by formula (2);
    Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-100004
    根据n次实际测量出的电容C和计算出的对应的溶液中酒精体积百分数d，建立电容C和溶液中酒精体积百分数d的关系曲线，采用最小二乘法，根据式(3)、(4)拟合出两者间关系的函数C＝f(d)：According to the capacitance C actually measured n times and the corresponding alcohol volume percentage d in the solution calculated, establish the relationship curve between the capacitance C and the alcohol volume percentage d in the solution, adopt the least square method, according to formula (3), (4) The function C=f(d) that fits the relationship between the two:
    C＝f(d)＝a 0+a 1d+a 2d 2+a 3d 3+.........a kd k  (3) C＝f(d)＝a 0 +a 1 d+a 2 d 2 +a 3 d 3 +......a k d k (3)
    Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2021096566-appb-100005
    其中，Loss为误差平方和，最小二乘法拟合的目标为误差平方和最小，C i为第i次测试的电容，d i为第i次测试计算的对应的酒精体积百分数，k≤n，n为测试总次数。 Among them, Loss is the error sum of squares, the goal of the least squares method fitting is the smallest error square sum, C i is the capacitance of the i-th test, d i is the corresponding alcohol volume percentage calculated for the i-th test, k≤n, n is the total number of tests.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置的测量方法，其特征在于，利用电容影响因子ΔC修正拟合函数公式(3)，得：According to the measuring method of portable blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, utilize capacitance influence factor ΔC to revise fitting function formula (3), get:
    C+ΔC＝a 0+a 1d+a 2d 2+a 3d 3+.........a kd k  (3A)。 C+ΔC=a 0 +a 1 d+a 2 d 2 +a 3 d 3 +......a k d k (3A).
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的便携吹气式酒精浓度测量装置的测量方法，其特征在于，血液中的酒精体积百分比V与呼出气体中酒精体积百分比d 0函数关系式建立步骤为： The measuring method of portable air-blowing type alcohol concentration measuring device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the alcohol volume percentage V in the blood and the alcohol volume percentage d in exhaled gas The functional relationship establishment steps are:
    在同一个试验人员完成吹气之后同时对该试验人员测试其血液中的酒精百分比，根据血液测试结果，拟合出血液中的酒精体积百分比V与呼出气体中酒精体积百分比d 0函数关系式。 After the same experimenter finished inhaling, he tested the alcohol percentage in his blood at the same time. According to the blood test results, the function relationship between the alcohol volume percentage V in the blood and the alcohol volume percentage d0 in the exhaled breath was fitted.
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