WO2022242317A1 - Carbon dioxide capture system for rich liquid flash-evaporation and regeneration waste heat recovery - Google Patents

Carbon dioxide capture system for rich liquid flash-evaporation and regeneration waste heat recovery Download PDF

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WO2022242317A1
WO2022242317A1 PCT/CN2022/083622 CN2022083622W WO2022242317A1 WO 2022242317 A1 WO2022242317 A1 WO 2022242317A1 CN 2022083622 W CN2022083622 W CN 2022083622W WO 2022242317 A1 WO2022242317 A1 WO 2022242317A1
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rich liquid
liquid
regeneration
tower
heat exchanger
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PCT/CN2022/083622
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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王争荣
孙路长
汪洋
王凯亮
白永锋
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中国华电科工集团有限公司
华电环保系统工程有限公司
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Publication of WO2022242317A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022242317A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1412—Controlling the absorption process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
    • B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture, in particular to a carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system.
  • the energy consumption of the carbon dioxide capture system is mainly the regeneration steam consumption of the regeneration tower. Since the temperature difference between the lean liquid at the bottom of the regeneration tower and the regeneration gas at the top of the tower is not large, the heat contained in them is also relatively close. If the rich liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower is used Recovering its heat can only realize the heat recovery of the lean liquid at the bottom of the tower or one stream in the first cooling heat exchanger. With heat recovery.
  • the rich liquid can be connected in series with the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger and the first cooling heat exchanger of the regeneration tower respectively, but since the rich liquid is connected in sequence with the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger and the first cooling heat exchanger in series, not only causes The heat exchange end difference of the integral heat exchanger is doubled, and the difference between the temperature of the rich liquid and the lean liquid after heat exchange and the temperature of the regeneration gas at the top of the tower is limited, so all the heat at the top of the regeneration tower cannot be well utilized, which will cause a large amount of heat at the top of the tower It still needs to be cooled with cooling circulating water, causing almost half of the heat to be wasted.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the waste heat cannot be effectively and completely recovered when the rich liquid is used to recover the lean liquid and the waste heat at the top of the regeneration tower in the carbon dioxide capture system of the prior art, thereby providing a carbon dioxide capture system Rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system.
  • the present invention provides a carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system, including:
  • the absorption tower is suitable for communicating with the flue gas, and the interior is used to accommodate the absorption liquid.
  • the absorption liquid in the absorption tower absorbs the carbon dioxide in the flue gas and becomes a rich liquid.
  • the absorption tower is connected with a rich liquid supply pipe, The rich liquid is suitable to be sent into the regeneration tower through the rich liquid supply pipe;
  • the regeneration tower is suitable for containing the absorption liquid inside.
  • the absorption liquid in the regeneration tower becomes a lean liquid after separating out carbon dioxide.
  • the regeneration tower is connected with a lean liquid return pipe, and the lean liquid is suitable for returning through the lean liquid The pipe returns to the absorption tower;
  • a lean-rich liquid heat exchanger connected to the rich liquid supply pipe and the lean liquid return pipe respectively, for exchanging heat between the rich liquid in the rich liquid supply pipe and the lean liquid in the lean liquid return pipe;
  • the first cooling heat exchanger is arranged at the top outlet of the regeneration tower, and is used for recovering waste heat from the regeneration gas at the top of the regeneration tower, and the first cooling heat exchanger is connected with the rich liquid supply pipe , performing waste heat recovery on the regeneration gas through the rich liquid in the rich liquid supply pipe;
  • the flash tank communicates with the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger and the first cooling heat exchanger respectively through the rich-liquid supply pipe, and the rich liquid in the rich-liquid supply pipe passes through the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger Or after a heat exchange in the first cooling heat exchanger, partial flash evaporation is performed in the flash tank, and then the remaining rich liquid enters the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger or the first cooling Secondary heat exchange is carried out in the heat exchanger.
  • the flash tank is connected with a gas delivery pipeline, and the gas delivery pipeline is connected with a compressor, and the flash gas in the flash tank is suitable for being compressed by the compressor and then transported to the regeneration tower.
  • the rich liquid in the absorption tower passes through the rich liquid pump in the rich liquid supply pipe, sequentially passes through the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, the flash tank and the first cooling heat exchanger, and finally enters the regeneration tower.
  • the top of the absorption tower is provided with a spraying device, and the spraying device performs circulating spraying through a spray pump, and the outlet of the spray pump is adapted to communicate with the top of the regeneration tower.
  • the spraying device includes: a water receiving tray arranged inside the top of the absorption tower, the water receiving tray has a smoke vent connected to the bottom of the absorption tower, the receiving tray A smoke pipe extends upward from the smoke vent on the water tray.
  • the top end of the flue gas pipe has a waterproof cap.
  • the top of the absorption tower has a tail gas evacuation port, and the front end of the tail gas evacuation port has a demister above the spraying device.
  • the top of the regeneration tower has a crude gas exhaust port, and the crude gas exhaust port communicates with a gas-liquid separator, and the separated water of the gas-liquid separator flows back into the regeneration tower.
  • the rear end of the first cooling heat exchanger is also provided with a second cooling heat exchanger, and the separated water of the gas-liquid separator enters the regeneration tower after passing through the second cooling heat exchanger Inside.
  • one end of the self-circulation pipeline leads to the absorption liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower, and the other end of the self-circulation pipeline leads to the top cavity of the absorption tower .
  • the carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system uses the low temperature of the rich liquid to sequentially recover the heat of the lean liquid returned from the regeneration tower and the regeneration gas at the top of the regeneration tower, and the heat is recovered between the rich and poor
  • a flash tank is set between the liquid heat exchanger and the first cooling heat exchanger, and the rich liquid after the first heat exchange is flashed and cooled through the flash tank, thereby improving the effect of using the rich liquid for secondary heat exchange, thereby To achieve a greater degree of recovery of the waste heat returned to the lean liquid and the regeneration gas at the top of the tower.
  • the rich liquid first uses the heat exchange with the lean liquid to heat up, and then enters the flash tank for flash evaporation to realize partial regeneration of the rich liquid and reduce the
  • the regeneration load of the regeneration tower can reduce the steam consumption of the regeneration tower.
  • the flash gas of the rich liquid in the flash tank can be used as the regeneration heating gas at the bottom of the regeneration tower after being raised by the compressor, which can reduce the energy consumption of the reboiler.
  • the flash vapor evaporated from the rich liquid through the flash tank is compressed by a compressor and sent to the regeneration tower.
  • the flash vapor contains a large amount of water vapor, and its temperature is further increased by pressurizing the water vapor, thereby passing
  • the flash gas functions as a reboiler in part of the regeneration tower, reducing the energy consumption of the reboiler.
  • the rich liquid derived from the absorption tower first conducts heat exchange with the lean liquid returned from the regeneration tower, thereby satisfying the cooling of the lean liquid and ensuring Absorptive capacity of absorbent fluid.
  • the carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system provided by the present invention can send the spray water in the top spray device of the absorption tower to the regeneration tower, reduce the escape of absorption liquid at the top of the absorption tower, and reduce the loss of absorption liquid .
  • the carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system provided by the present invention can use the liquid phase at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator to exchange heat with the regeneration gas in the second cooling heat exchanger to further recover the waste heat of the regeneration gas and reduce the energy consumption of the regeneration tower .
  • Fig. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of a carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of another embodiment of the carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.
  • This embodiment provides a carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system, which can be used for carbon dioxide recovery from electricity or other industrial flue gas, so as to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
  • FIG. 1 it includes: an absorption tower 1 and a regeneration tower 2.
  • the interior of the absorption tower 1 is used to accommodate the absorption liquid.
  • the absorption liquid absorbs
  • the flue gas is discharged from the exhaust port 3 on the top of the absorption tower 1, and the content of carbon dioxide is reduced in the discharged flue gas, which is beneficial to the protection of the environment.
  • the absorption tower 1 has a self-circulation pipeline 4, one end of the self-circulation pipeline 4 leads to the absorption liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower 1, and the other end of the self-circulation pipeline 4 leads to the absorption liquid.
  • the self-circulation pump 5 is used to suck the absorption liquid from the bottom of the tower to the top of the tower, and then under the action of gravity, the absorption liquid is drawn from the top of the tower in the absorption tower 1. It falls to the bottom of the tower and fully contacts with the flue gas during the descent.
  • the self-circulation pipeline 4 is provided with a self-circulation heat exchanger 6, and the self-circulation heat exchanger 6 is used to reduce the temperature of the absorption liquid in the self-circulation pipeline 4, thereby increasing the absorption capacity of the absorption liquid.
  • the tower top of the absorption tower 1 is provided with a spraying device, and the spraying device circulates and sprays the spray liquid through a spray pump 10, thereby cooling the saturated flue gas to condense condensed water,
  • the condensed water contains absorbent, thereby reducing the escape of absorbent from the top of the absorption tower 1 .
  • the spraying device includes: a water receiving tray 7, which is arranged inside the top of the absorption tower 1, and the water receiving tray 7 has a smoke vent 8 communicated with the bottom of the absorption tower 1
  • a flue gas pipe extends upward from the smoke vent 8 on the water receiving tray 7 , and a waterproof cap 9 is provided at the top of the flue gas pipe.
  • the flue gas located in the tower of the absorption tower 1 goes upward through the flue vent 8, and then passes through the flue gas channel from around the waterproof cap 9 to the spray area. Then, the spray liquid in the above-mentioned spraying device is fully mixed with the flue gas, the temperature of the flue gas is lowered, and the absorbing liquid is separated from the flue gas, so as to prevent the absorbing liquid from being brought into the atmosphere by the flue gas.
  • the water receiving tray 7 is connected to the inlet of the spray pump 10 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the spray pump 10 is connected to a tee, through which the spray liquid can be passed to the top of the regeneration tower 2, so as to be connected to the
  • the spray liquid dissolved with the absorption liquid is replenished in the regeneration tower 2; in addition, the spray liquid can also be passed to the top spray area of the absorption tower 1 through the tee, so that the spray liquid can reach the level of circulating spray.
  • a spray heat exchanger 11 is connected to the spray pipe of the spray liquid to reduce the temperature of the spray liquid, improve the cooling effect on the flue gas, and ensure the precipitation effect of the absorbing liquid in the flue gas.
  • the saturated flue gas cools down and condenses to produce condensed water, which enters the water receiving tray 7 along with the spray liquid, and is sent to the spray heat exchanger 11 by the spray pump 10 After the heat exchange, the water is circulated and sprayed, and the excess water condensed is sent to the top of the regeneration tower 2 and mixed with the separated water at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 22 before entering the top of the regeneration tower 2 .
  • the front end of the exhaust gas outlet 3 at the top of the absorption tower 1 has a mist eliminator 12 above the spray device, through which the smoke eliminator 12 is further reduced. The amount of water contained in the air.
  • the absorption tower 1 is connected with a rich liquid supply pipe 13 , and the rich liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower 1 is adapted to be sent into the regeneration tower 2 through the rich liquid supply pipe 13 .
  • the rich liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower 1 is extracted from the absorption tower 1 by the rich liquid pump 14, it passes through the lean and rich liquid heat exchanger 15, the flash tank 16 and the first cooling heat exchanger 17 in sequence, Finally enter the regeneration tower 2.
  • the rich liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower 1 is extracted from the absorption tower 1 by the rich liquid pump 14, it can also be: sequentially passed through the first cooling heat exchanger 17, flash evaporated The tank 16 and the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger 15 finally enter the regeneration tower 2 .
  • the flash tank 16 is located between the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger 15 and the first cooling heat exchanger 17, and the rich liquid is flashed by the flash tank 16, and part of it is flashed into a gaseous state , partly becomes semi-rich liquid, the temperature of the semi-rich liquid is lower than that of the rich liquid before entering the flash tank 16, so that the waste heat recovery of the regeneration gas at the top of the regeneration tower 2 through the semi-rich liquid can improve the recovery effect .
  • the carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system of this example uses the low temperature of the rich liquid to recover the heat of the lean liquid returned from the regeneration tower 2 and the regeneration gas at the top of the regeneration tower 2 in sequence, and recycles the heat in the lean liquid
  • a flash tank 16 is arranged between the heat exchanger 15 and the first cooling heat exchanger 17, and the lean liquid after the first heat exchange is flashed and cooled through the flash tank 16, thereby improving the efficiency of using the rich liquid for secondary heat exchange. Effect, so as to achieve a greater degree of recovery of the waste heat returned to the lean liquid and the regeneration gas at the top of the tower.
  • the interior of the regeneration tower 2 is suitable for containing the absorption liquid
  • the absorption liquid in the regeneration tower 2 is the rich liquid flowing from the absorption tower 1, and the rich liquid becomes lean after being heated to precipitate carbon dioxide. liquid.
  • a reboiler 18 is connected to the bottom of the regeneration tower 2, and the reboiler 18 is used to heat the rich liquid in the regeneration tower 2, so that the carbon dioxide in the rich liquid is separated into a lean liquid, The reboiler 18 heats and exchanges heat with the absorption liquid through the extraction of the steam turbine.
  • the regeneration tower 2 is connected with a lean liquid return pipe 19 , and the lean liquid at the bottom of the regeneration tower 2 is suitable for returning to the absorption tower 1 through the lean liquid return pipe 19 .
  • the lean liquid in the bottom of the regeneration tower 2 is extracted from the regeneration tower 2 by the lean liquid pump 20, it passes through the lean liquid heat exchanger 15 and the lean liquid cooling heat exchanger in turn, and finally enters the absorption tower 1 Continue to absorb the carbon dioxide in the flue gas.
  • the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger 15 is connected to the rich liquid supply pipe 13 and the lean liquid return pipe 19 respectively, and is used to exchange the rich liquid in the rich liquid supply pipe 13 and the
  • the lean liquid in the lean liquid return pipe 19 performs heat exchange, thereby using the temperature of the lean liquid returned from the regeneration tower 2 to heat the rich liquid that is about to enter the regeneration tower 2, so as to achieve the purpose of heating the lean liquid returned from the regeneration tower 2
  • the purpose of recovering the waste heat is to reduce the temperature of the lean liquid returned from the regeneration tower 2, improve the carbon dioxide absorption capacity of the lean liquid in the absorption tower 1, and reduce the energy consumption of the regeneration tower 2.
  • the outlet at the top of the regeneration tower 2 is a crude gas exhaust port 21, and the carbon dioxide gas separated out from the regeneration tower 2 enters the gas-liquid separator 22 through the crude gas exhaust port 21, High-purity carbon dioxide gas is separated by the gas-liquid separator 22, and the carbon dioxide gas is sent to a subsequent compression unit.
  • the liquid phase separated from the gas-liquid separator 22 can be refluxed into the regeneration tower 2 .
  • the crude gas exhaust port 21 of the regeneration tower 2 is connected with a first cooling heat exchanger 17, and the first cooling heat exchanger 17 is used to recover waste heat from the regeneration gas at the top of the regeneration tower 2; Moreover, the first cooling heat exchanger 17 is in communication with the rich liquid supply pipe 13, and the waste heat of the regeneration gas is recovered through the rich liquid in the rich liquid supply pipe 13, thereby realizing the internal circulation of the system.
  • the rear end of the first cooling heat exchanger 17 is also provided with a second cooling heat exchanger 23, the separated water of the gas-liquid separator 22 passes through the The second cooling heat exchanger 23 then enters the regeneration tower 2 .
  • the flash tank 16 is connected with a gas delivery pipeline 24 , and the flash vapor obtained by flashing the rich liquid through the flash tank 16 is transported to the regeneration tower 2 through the gas delivery pipeline 24 .
  • the above-mentioned flash gas includes carbon dioxide gas and water vapor, which contains a large amount of heat, and after being sent into the regeneration tower 2, it can function as the reboiler 18 on the partial regeneration tower 2 .
  • the air supply pipeline 24 is connected with a compressor 25, and the flash gas of the flash tank 16 is suitable for being compressed by the compressor 25 and then transported to the regeneration tank.
  • Tower 2. The flash vapor evaporated by the rich liquid through the flash tank 16 is compressed by the compressor 25 and sent to the regeneration tower 2.
  • the flash vapor contains a large amount of water vapor, and its temperature is further increased by pressurizing the water vapor, thereby passing
  • the flash gas functions as the reboiler 18 of the partial regeneration tower 2 , reducing the energy consumption of the reboiler 18 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

A carbon dioxide capture system for rich liquid flash-evaporation and regeneration waste heat recovery, the system comprising: an absorption tower (1), a regeneration tower (2), a lean-rich liquid heat exchanger (15) and a flash evaporation tank (16), wherein the absorption tower (1) and the regeneration tower (2) are in communication via the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger (15); the tower top of the regeneration tower (2) is provided with a first cooling heat exchanger (17); and the flash evaporation tank (16) is in communication with and located between the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger (15) and the first cooling heat exchanger (17).

Description

一种二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统A carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及二氧化碳捕集技术领域，具体涉一种二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统。The invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture, in particular to a carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system.
背景技术Background technique
二氧化碳捕集系统的用能主要是再生塔的再生蒸汽耗量，由于再生塔塔底贫液和塔顶再生气温度差异不大，其所含热量也比较接近，若利用吸收塔塔底富液回收其热量，只能实现塔底贫液或第一冷却换热器中一股物流热量回收，被加热后的富液温度与剩余另一股物流温度差异不大，不能实现另一股物流所含热量回收。The energy consumption of the carbon dioxide capture system is mainly the regeneration steam consumption of the regeneration tower. Since the temperature difference between the lean liquid at the bottom of the regeneration tower and the regeneration gas at the top of the tower is not large, the heat contained in them is also relatively close. If the rich liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower is used Recovering its heat can only realize the heat recovery of the lean liquid at the bottom of the tower or one stream in the first cooling heat exchanger. With heat recovery.
例如，富液可分别与贫富液换热器和再生塔的第一冷却换热器串联连通，但由于富液依次连通的贫富液换热器和第一冷却换热器串联，不但造成整体换热器的换热端差翻倍，富液与贫液换热后温度与塔顶再生气温度差有限，因此不能很好利用再生塔塔顶的所有热量，这会造成大量塔顶热量仍需用冷却循环水冷却，造成几乎约一半的热量被浪费。For example, the rich liquid can be connected in series with the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger and the first cooling heat exchanger of the regeneration tower respectively, but since the rich liquid is connected in sequence with the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger and the first cooling heat exchanger in series, not only causes The heat exchange end difference of the integral heat exchanger is doubled, and the difference between the temperature of the rich liquid and the lean liquid after heat exchange and the temperature of the regeneration gas at the top of the tower is limited, so all the heat at the top of the regeneration tower cannot be well utilized, which will cause a large amount of heat at the top of the tower It still needs to be cooled with cooling circulating water, causing almost half of the heat to be wasted.
发明内容Contents of the invention
因此，本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术的二氧化碳捕集系统中，采用富液回收贫液和再生塔塔顶余热时，不能有效完全回收余热的缺陷，从而提供一种二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统。Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the waste heat cannot be effectively and completely recovered when the rich liquid is used to recover the lean liquid and the waste heat at the top of the regeneration tower in the carbon dioxide capture system of the prior art, thereby providing a carbon dioxide capture system Rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，包括：In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system, including:
吸收塔，适于与烟气连通，内部用于容纳吸收液，所述吸收塔内的吸收液吸收了烟气中的二氧化碳后变为富液，所述吸收塔上连接有富液供给管，所述富液适于通过所述富液供给管送入再生塔；The absorption tower is suitable for communicating with the flue gas, and the interior is used to accommodate the absorption liquid. The absorption liquid in the absorption tower absorbs the carbon dioxide in the flue gas and becomes a rich liquid. The absorption tower is connected with a rich liquid supply pipe, The rich liquid is suitable to be sent into the regeneration tower through the rich liquid supply pipe;
再生塔，内部适于容纳吸收液，所述再生塔内的吸收液析出二氧化碳后变为贫液，所述再生塔上连通有贫液返回管，所述贫液适于通过所述贫液返回管回流至吸收塔；The regeneration tower is suitable for containing the absorption liquid inside. The absorption liquid in the regeneration tower becomes a lean liquid after separating out carbon dioxide. The regeneration tower is connected with a lean liquid return pipe, and the lean liquid is suitable for returning through the lean liquid The pipe returns to the absorption tower;
贫富液换热器，分别连通所述富液供给管和所述贫液返回管，用于对所述富液供给管内的富液和所述贫液返回管内的贫液进行换热；A lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, connected to the rich liquid supply pipe and the lean liquid return pipe respectively, for exchanging heat between the rich liquid in the rich liquid supply pipe and the lean liquid in the lean liquid return pipe;
第一冷却换热器，设置在所述再生塔的塔顶出口，用于对所述再生塔的塔顶再生气进行余热回收，所述第一冷却换热器与所述富液供给管连通，通过所述富液供给管内的富液对所述再生气进行余热回收；The first cooling heat exchanger is arranged at the top outlet of the regeneration tower, and is used for recovering waste heat from the regeneration gas at the top of the regeneration tower, and the first cooling heat exchanger is connected with the rich liquid supply pipe , performing waste heat recovery on the regeneration gas through the rich liquid in the rich liquid supply pipe;
闪蒸罐，通过所述富液供给管分别与所述贫富液换热器和所述第一冷却换热器连通，所述富液供给管内的富液在所述贫富液换热器或所述第一冷却换热器内进行过一次换热后，在所述闪蒸罐内进行部分闪蒸，然后剩余的富液再进入所述贫富液换热器或所述第一冷却换热器内进行二次换热。The flash tank communicates with the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger and the first cooling heat exchanger respectively through the rich-liquid supply pipe, and the rich liquid in the rich-liquid supply pipe passes through the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger Or after a heat exchange in the first cooling heat exchanger, partial flash evaporation is performed in the flash tank, and then the remaining rich liquid enters the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger or the first cooling Secondary heat exchange is carried out in the heat exchanger.
可选地，所述闪蒸罐上连通有送气管道，所述送气管道上连通有压缩机，所述闪蒸罐的闪蒸气适于通过所述压缩机进行压缩后输送至再生塔。Optionally, the flash tank is connected with a gas delivery pipeline, and the gas delivery pipeline is connected with a compressor, and the flash gas in the flash tank is suitable for being compressed by the compressor and then transported to the regeneration tower.
可选地，所述吸收塔的富液通过富液泵在所述富液供给管内，依次经过贫富液换热器、闪蒸罐和第一冷却换热器，最后进入再生塔。Optionally, the rich liquid in the absorption tower passes through the rich liquid pump in the rich liquid supply pipe, sequentially passes through the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, the flash tank and the first cooling heat exchanger, and finally enters the regeneration tower.
可选地，所述吸收塔的塔顶设有喷淋装置，所述喷淋装置通过喷淋泵进行循环喷淋，所述喷淋泵的出口适于与再生塔的塔顶连通。Optionally, the top of the absorption tower is provided with a spraying device, and the spraying device performs circulating spraying through a spray pump, and the outlet of the spray pump is adapted to communicate with the top of the regeneration tower.
可选地，所述喷淋装置包括：接水盘，设置在所述吸收塔的塔顶内部，所述接水盘上具有与所述吸收塔的塔底连通的通烟口，所述接水盘上从所述通烟口处向上延伸有烟气管道。Optionally, the spraying device includes: a water receiving tray arranged inside the top of the absorption tower, the water receiving tray has a smoke vent connected to the bottom of the absorption tower, the receiving tray A smoke pipe extends upward from the smoke vent on the water tray.
可选地，所述烟气管道的顶端具有防水帽。Optionally, the top end of the flue gas pipe has a waterproof cap.
可选地，所述吸收塔的顶端具有尾气排空口，所述尾气排空口的前端在所述喷淋装置的上方具有除雾器。Optionally, the top of the absorption tower has a tail gas evacuation port, and the front end of the tail gas evacuation port has a demister above the spraying device.
可选地，所述再生塔的顶端具有粗气排气口，所述粗气排气口与气液分离器连通，所述气液分离器的分离水回流至再生塔内。Optionally, the top of the regeneration tower has a crude gas exhaust port, and the crude gas exhaust port communicates with a gas-liquid separator, and the separated water of the gas-liquid separator flows back into the regeneration tower.
可选地，所述第一冷却换热器的后端还设有第二冷却换热器，所述气液分离器的分离水经过所述第二冷却换热器后再进入所述再生塔内。Optionally, the rear end of the first cooling heat exchanger is also provided with a second cooling heat exchanger, and the separated water of the gas-liquid separator enters the regeneration tower after passing through the second cooling heat exchanger Inside.
可选地，所述吸收塔上具有自循环管道，所述自循环管道的一端通向吸收塔的塔底吸收液内，所述自循环管道的另一端通向吸收塔的塔顶内腔中。Optionally, there is a self-circulation pipeline on the absorption tower, one end of the self-circulation pipeline leads to the absorption liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower, and the other end of the self-circulation pipeline leads to the top cavity of the absorption tower .
本发明技术方案，具有如下优点：The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:
1.本发明提供的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，利用富液的低温依次对从再生塔内返回的贫液和再生塔的塔顶再生气的热量进行回收，并在贫富液换热器和第一冷却换热器之间设置闪蒸罐，通过闪蒸罐将进行一次换热后的富液进行闪蒸降温，从而提高利用富液进行二次换热的效果，从而达到对返回贫液和塔顶再生气的余热更大程度的回收。1. The carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system provided by the present invention uses the low temperature of the rich liquid to sequentially recover the heat of the lean liquid returned from the regeneration tower and the regeneration gas at the top of the regeneration tower, and the heat is recovered between the rich and poor A flash tank is set between the liquid heat exchanger and the first cooling heat exchanger, and the rich liquid after the first heat exchange is flashed and cooled through the flash tank, thereby improving the effect of using the rich liquid for secondary heat exchange, thereby To achieve a greater degree of recovery of the waste heat returned to the lean liquid and the regeneration gas at the top of the tower.
2.本发明提供的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，富液先利用与贫液的换热进行升温后，再进入闪蒸罐闪蒸，实现富液部分再生，降低被送往再生塔的再生负荷，实现再生塔蒸汽耗降低。富液在闪蒸罐内的闪蒸气通过压缩机提升温度后可作为再生塔塔底再生加热气，可以降低再沸器的能耗。具体的，富液通过闪蒸罐蒸发出的闪蒸气，通过压缩机压缩后输送至再生塔，该闪蒸气内含有大量的水蒸气，通过对该水蒸气进行加压进一步提高其温度，从而通过该闪蒸气起到部分再生塔的再沸器功能，降低再沸器的能耗。2. In the carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system provided by the present invention, the rich liquid first uses the heat exchange with the lean liquid to heat up, and then enters the flash tank for flash evaporation to realize partial regeneration of the rich liquid and reduce the The regeneration load of the regeneration tower can reduce the steam consumption of the regeneration tower. The flash gas of the rich liquid in the flash tank can be used as the regeneration heating gas at the bottom of the regeneration tower after being raised by the compressor, which can reduce the energy consumption of the reboiler. Specifically, the flash vapor evaporated from the rich liquid through the flash tank is compressed by a compressor and sent to the regeneration tower. The flash vapor contains a large amount of water vapor, and its temperature is further increased by pressurizing the water vapor, thereby passing The flash gas functions as a reboiler in part of the regeneration tower, reducing the energy consumption of the reboiler.
3.本发明提供的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，从吸收塔导出的富液首先与从再生塔返回的贫液进行热交换，从而满足对贫液的降温，保证吸收塔内吸收液的吸收能力。3. In the carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system provided by the present invention, the rich liquid derived from the absorption tower first conducts heat exchange with the lean liquid returned from the regeneration tower, thereby satisfying the cooling of the lean liquid and ensuring Absorptive capacity of absorbent fluid.
4.本发明提供的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，可将吸收塔的塔顶喷淋装置中喷淋水送至再生塔，降低吸收塔塔顶吸收液逃逸，降低吸收液损耗。4. The carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system provided by the present invention can send the spray water in the top spray device of the absorption tower to the regeneration tower, reduce the escape of absorption liquid at the top of the absorption tower, and reduce the loss of absorption liquid .
5.本发明提供的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，可用气液分离器底部液相与再生气在第二冷却换热器中换热进一步回收再生气余热，降低再生塔能耗。5. The carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system provided by the present invention can use the liquid phase at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator to exchange heat with the regeneration gas in the second cooling heat exchanger to further recover the waste heat of the regeneration gas and reduce the energy consumption of the regeneration tower .
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的 附图是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the specific implementation or description of the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings show some implementations of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative work.
图1为本发明的实施例中提供的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统的一种实施方式的主视图。Fig. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of a carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
图2为本发明的实施例中提供的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统的另一种实施方式的主视图。Fig. 2 is a front view of another embodiment of the carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记说明：Explanation of reference signs:
1、吸收塔；2、再生塔；3、尾气排空口；4、自循环管道；5、自循环泵；6、自循环换热器；7、接水盘；8、通烟口；9、防水帽；10、喷淋泵；11、喷淋换热器；12、除雾器；13、富液供给管；14、富液泵；15、贫富液换热器；16、闪蒸罐；17、第一冷却换热器；18、再沸器；19、贫液返回管；20、贫液泵；21、粗气排气口；22、气液分离器；23、第二冷却换热器；24、送气管道；25、压缩机。1. Absorption tower; 2. Regeneration tower; 3. Exhaust gas outlet; 4. Self-circulation pipe; 5. Self-circulation pump; 6. Self-circulation heat exchanger; 7. Water tray; 8. Smoke vent; 9 , waterproof cap; 10, spray pump; 11, spray heat exchanger; 12, demister; 13, rich liquid supply pipe; 14, rich liquid pump; 15, lean rich liquid heat exchanger; 16, flash evaporation Tank; 17. First cooling heat exchanger; 18. Reboiler; 19. Lean liquid return pipe; 20. Lean liquid pump; 21. Crude gas exhaust port; 22. Gas-liquid separator; 23. Second cooling Heat exchanger; 24, air supply pipeline; 25, compressor.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, or in a specific orientation. construction and operation, therefore, should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.
此外，下面所描述的本发明不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict with each other.
本实施例提供一种二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，该系统可用于电力或其他工业烟气的二氧化碳回收，以减小二氧化碳的排放。This embodiment provides a carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system, which can be used for carbon dioxide recovery from electricity or other industrial flue gas, so as to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
如图1所示，包括：吸收塔1和再生塔2，所述吸收塔1内部用于容纳吸收液，从电厂排出的烟气与吸收塔1内的吸收液混合后，所述吸收液吸收了烟气中的二氧化碳后变为富液，然后烟气再从吸收塔1的塔顶的尾气排空口3排出，排出的烟气中减小了二氧化碳的含量，从而有利于保护环境。As shown in Figure 1, it includes: an absorption tower 1 and a regeneration tower 2. The interior of the absorption tower 1 is used to accommodate the absorption liquid. After the flue gas discharged from the power plant is mixed with the absorption liquid in the absorption tower 1, the absorption liquid absorbs After removing the carbon dioxide in the flue gas, it becomes a rich liquid, and then the flue gas is discharged from the exhaust port 3 on the top of the absorption tower 1, and the content of carbon dioxide is reduced in the discharged flue gas, which is beneficial to the protection of the environment.
如图1所示，所述吸收塔1上具有自循环管道4，所述自循环管道4的一端通向吸收塔1的塔底吸收液内，所述自循环管道4的另一端通向吸收塔1的塔顶内腔中。所述自循环管道4上具有自循环泵5，通过该自循环泵5用于将吸收液从塔底抽吸至塔顶，然后在重力的作用下，吸收液在吸收塔1内从塔顶落至塔底，在降落的过程中与烟气进行充分接触。另外，所 述自循环管道4上设有自循环换热器6，通过该自循环换热器6用于降低自循环管道4中吸收液的温度，从而提高吸收液的吸收能力。As shown in Figure 1, the absorption tower 1 has a self-circulation pipeline 4, one end of the self-circulation pipeline 4 leads to the absorption liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower 1, and the other end of the self-circulation pipeline 4 leads to the absorption liquid. In the top cavity of tower 1. There is a self-circulation pump 5 on the self-circulation pipeline 4, and the self-circulation pump 5 is used to suck the absorption liquid from the bottom of the tower to the top of the tower, and then under the action of gravity, the absorption liquid is drawn from the top of the tower in the absorption tower 1. It falls to the bottom of the tower and fully contacts with the flue gas during the descent. In addition, the self-circulation pipeline 4 is provided with a self-circulation heat exchanger 6, and the self-circulation heat exchanger 6 is used to reduce the temperature of the absorption liquid in the self-circulation pipeline 4, thereby increasing the absorption capacity of the absorption liquid.
如图1所示，所述吸收塔1的塔顶设有喷淋装置，所述喷淋装置通过喷淋泵10对喷淋液进行循环喷淋，从而将饱和烟气降温凝结出凝结水，该凝结水中含有吸收剂，从而减小吸收剂从吸收塔1的塔顶逃逸。具体的，所述喷淋装置包括：接水盘7，设置在所述吸收塔1的塔顶内部，所述接水盘7上具有与所述吸收塔1的塔底连通的通烟口8，所述接水盘7上从所述通烟口8处向上延伸有烟气管道，所述烟气管道的顶端具有防水帽9。位于吸收塔1的塔内的烟气通过通烟口8向上，再经过烟气通道从防水帽9的四周通向喷淋区域。然后通过上述喷淋装置中的喷淋液于烟气充分混合，对烟气进行降温的同时将吸收液从烟气中析出，避免吸收液被烟气带到大气中。所述接水盘7通过管道连通喷淋泵10的进口，所述喷淋泵10的出口连通有三通，通过该三通可使喷淋液通向再生塔2的塔顶，从而并于将溶有吸收液的喷淋液补充到再生塔2内；另外，通过该三通还可使喷淋液通向吸收塔1的塔顶喷淋区域内，以使喷淋液达到循环喷淋的目的，在喷淋液的喷淋管道上连接有喷淋换热器11，以降低喷淋液的温度，提高对烟气的降温效果，保证烟气中吸收液的析出效果。也即是说，在所述吸收塔1的喷淋区域内，饱和烟气降温凝结出凝结水随喷淋液进入到接水盘7内，通过喷淋泵10送往喷淋换热器11进行换热后循环喷淋，凝结出多余的水份则被送往再生塔2的塔顶与气液分离器22底部分离水混合后进入再生塔2塔顶。另外，作为一种优选实施方式，所述吸收塔1的顶端的所述尾气排空口3的前端在所述喷淋装置的上方具有除雾器12，通过该除雾器12进一步减小烟气中含有的水量。As shown in Figure 1, the tower top of the absorption tower 1 is provided with a spraying device, and the spraying device circulates and sprays the spray liquid through a spray pump 10, thereby cooling the saturated flue gas to condense condensed water, The condensed water contains absorbent, thereby reducing the escape of absorbent from the top of the absorption tower 1 . Specifically, the spraying device includes: a water receiving tray 7, which is arranged inside the top of the absorption tower 1, and the water receiving tray 7 has a smoke vent 8 communicated with the bottom of the absorption tower 1 A flue gas pipe extends upward from the smoke vent 8 on the water receiving tray 7 , and a waterproof cap 9 is provided at the top of the flue gas pipe. The flue gas located in the tower of the absorption tower 1 goes upward through the flue vent 8, and then passes through the flue gas channel from around the waterproof cap 9 to the spray area. Then, the spray liquid in the above-mentioned spraying device is fully mixed with the flue gas, the temperature of the flue gas is lowered, and the absorbing liquid is separated from the flue gas, so as to prevent the absorbing liquid from being brought into the atmosphere by the flue gas. The water receiving tray 7 is connected to the inlet of the spray pump 10 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the spray pump 10 is connected to a tee, through which the spray liquid can be passed to the top of the regeneration tower 2, so as to be connected to the The spray liquid dissolved with the absorption liquid is replenished in the regeneration tower 2; in addition, the spray liquid can also be passed to the top spray area of the absorption tower 1 through the tee, so that the spray liquid can reach the level of circulating spray. Purpose: A spray heat exchanger 11 is connected to the spray pipe of the spray liquid to reduce the temperature of the spray liquid, improve the cooling effect on the flue gas, and ensure the precipitation effect of the absorbing liquid in the flue gas. That is to say, in the spray area of the absorption tower 1, the saturated flue gas cools down and condenses to produce condensed water, which enters the water receiving tray 7 along with the spray liquid, and is sent to the spray heat exchanger 11 by the spray pump 10 After the heat exchange, the water is circulated and sprayed, and the excess water condensed is sent to the top of the regeneration tower 2 and mixed with the separated water at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 22 before entering the top of the regeneration tower 2 . In addition, as a preferred embodiment, the front end of the exhaust gas outlet 3 at the top of the absorption tower 1 has a mist eliminator 12 above the spray device, through which the smoke eliminator 12 is further reduced. The amount of water contained in the air.
如图1所示，所述吸收塔1上连接有富液供给管13，所述吸收塔1内塔底的富液适于通过所述富液供给管13送入再生塔2内。具体的，所述吸收塔1的塔底的富液通过富液泵14从吸收塔1内抽出后，依次经过贫富液换热器15、闪蒸罐16和第一冷却换热器17，最后进入再生塔2。另外，作为一种可替换实施方式，所述吸收塔1的塔底的富液通过富液泵14从吸收塔1内抽出后，还可以为：依次经过第一冷却换热器17、闪蒸罐16和贫富液换热器15，最后进入再生塔2。所述闪蒸罐16位于所述贫富液换热器15和所述第一冷却换热器17之间，所述富液经过所述闪蒸罐16的闪蒸，部分被闪蒸为气态，部分变为半富液，该半富液的温度相对于进入闪蒸罐16之前的富液更低，从而通过该半富液进行再生塔2的塔顶再生气的余热回收可提高回收效果。As shown in FIG. 1 , the absorption tower 1 is connected with a rich liquid supply pipe 13 , and the rich liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower 1 is adapted to be sent into the regeneration tower 2 through the rich liquid supply pipe 13 . Specifically, after the rich liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower 1 is extracted from the absorption tower 1 by the rich liquid pump 14, it passes through the lean and rich liquid heat exchanger 15, the flash tank 16 and the first cooling heat exchanger 17 in sequence, Finally enter the regeneration tower 2. In addition, as an alternative embodiment, after the rich liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower 1 is extracted from the absorption tower 1 by the rich liquid pump 14, it can also be: sequentially passed through the first cooling heat exchanger 17, flash evaporated The tank 16 and the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger 15 finally enter the regeneration tower 2 . The flash tank 16 is located between the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger 15 and the first cooling heat exchanger 17, and the rich liquid is flashed by the flash tank 16, and part of it is flashed into a gaseous state , partly becomes semi-rich liquid, the temperature of the semi-rich liquid is lower than that of the rich liquid before entering the flash tank 16, so that the waste heat recovery of the regeneration gas at the top of the regeneration tower 2 through the semi-rich liquid can improve the recovery effect .
本实例的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，用富液的低温依次对从再生塔2内返回的贫液和再生塔2的塔顶再生气的热量进行回收，并在贫富液换热器15和第一冷却换热器17之间设置闪蒸罐16，通过闪蒸罐16将进行一次换热后的贫液进行闪蒸降温，从而提高利用富液进行二次换热的效果，从而达到对返回贫液和塔顶再生气的余热更大程度的回收。The carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system of this example uses the low temperature of the rich liquid to recover the heat of the lean liquid returned from the regeneration tower 2 and the regeneration gas at the top of the regeneration tower 2 in sequence, and recycles the heat in the lean liquid A flash tank 16 is arranged between the heat exchanger 15 and the first cooling heat exchanger 17, and the lean liquid after the first heat exchange is flashed and cooled through the flash tank 16, thereby improving the efficiency of using the rich liquid for secondary heat exchange. Effect, so as to achieve a greater degree of recovery of the waste heat returned to the lean liquid and the regeneration gas at the top of the tower.
如图1所示，所述再生塔2的内部适于容纳吸收液，所述再生塔2内的吸收液为从吸收塔1内流入的富液，该富液经过加热析出二氧化碳后变为贫液。具体的，所述再生塔2的塔底连接有再沸器18，通过该再沸器18用于对再生塔2内的富液进行加热，从而使富液内的二氧化碳析出变为贫液，所述再沸器18通过汽轮机的抽气对吸收液进行加热换热。As shown in Figure 1, the interior of the regeneration tower 2 is suitable for containing the absorption liquid, the absorption liquid in the regeneration tower 2 is the rich liquid flowing from the absorption tower 1, and the rich liquid becomes lean after being heated to precipitate carbon dioxide. liquid. Specifically, a reboiler 18 is connected to the bottom of the regeneration tower 2, and the reboiler 18 is used to heat the rich liquid in the regeneration tower 2, so that the carbon dioxide in the rich liquid is separated into a lean liquid, The reboiler 18 heats and exchanges heat with the absorption liquid through the extraction of the steam turbine.
如图1所示，所述再生塔2上连通有贫液返回管19，所述再生塔2内塔底的贫液适于通过所述贫液返回管19回流至吸收塔1内。具体的，所述再生塔2的塔底内的贫液通过贫液 泵20从再生塔2内抽出后，依次经过贫富液换热器15、贫液冷却换热器，最后进入吸收塔1内继续对烟气中的二氧化碳进行吸收。As shown in FIG. 1 , the regeneration tower 2 is connected with a lean liquid return pipe 19 , and the lean liquid at the bottom of the regeneration tower 2 is suitable for returning to the absorption tower 1 through the lean liquid return pipe 19 . Specifically, after the lean liquid in the bottom of the regeneration tower 2 is extracted from the regeneration tower 2 by the lean liquid pump 20, it passes through the lean liquid heat exchanger 15 and the lean liquid cooling heat exchanger in turn, and finally enters the absorption tower 1 Continue to absorb the carbon dioxide in the flue gas.
如图1所示，所述贫富液换热器15分别连通所述富液供给管13和所述贫液返回管19，用于对所述富液供给管13内的富液和所述贫液返回管19内的贫液进行换热，从而利用从再生塔2内返回的贫液的温度对即将进入再生塔2的富液进行加热，以达到对从再生塔2内返回的贫液的余热进行回收的目的，降低从再生塔2内返回的贫液温度，提高该贫液在吸收塔1内对二氧化碳的吸收能力，并减小再生塔2的能源消耗。As shown in Figure 1, the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger 15 is connected to the rich liquid supply pipe 13 and the lean liquid return pipe 19 respectively, and is used to exchange the rich liquid in the rich liquid supply pipe 13 and the The lean liquid in the lean liquid return pipe 19 performs heat exchange, thereby using the temperature of the lean liquid returned from the regeneration tower 2 to heat the rich liquid that is about to enter the regeneration tower 2, so as to achieve the purpose of heating the lean liquid returned from the regeneration tower 2 The purpose of recovering the waste heat is to reduce the temperature of the lean liquid returned from the regeneration tower 2, improve the carbon dioxide absorption capacity of the lean liquid in the absorption tower 1, and reduce the energy consumption of the regeneration tower 2.
如图1所示，所述再生塔2的塔顶出口为粗气排气口21，从所述再生塔2内析出的二氧化碳气通过该粗气排气口21进入到气液分离器22，通过该气液分离器22分离出高纯度的二氧化碳气，该二氧化碳气被送往后续的压缩单元。而从气液分离器22分离出的液相可回流至再生塔2内。具体的，所述再生塔2的粗气排气口21连通有第一冷却换热器17，该第一冷却换热器17用于对所述再生塔2的塔顶再生气进行余热回收；并且，所述第一冷却换热器17与所述富液供给管13连通，通过所述富液供给管13内的富液对所述再生气进行余热回收，从而实现系统的内循环。As shown in Figure 1, the outlet at the top of the regeneration tower 2 is a crude gas exhaust port 21, and the carbon dioxide gas separated out from the regeneration tower 2 enters the gas-liquid separator 22 through the crude gas exhaust port 21, High-purity carbon dioxide gas is separated by the gas-liquid separator 22, and the carbon dioxide gas is sent to a subsequent compression unit. The liquid phase separated from the gas-liquid separator 22 can be refluxed into the regeneration tower 2 . Specifically, the crude gas exhaust port 21 of the regeneration tower 2 is connected with a first cooling heat exchanger 17, and the first cooling heat exchanger 17 is used to recover waste heat from the regeneration gas at the top of the regeneration tower 2; Moreover, the first cooling heat exchanger 17 is in communication with the rich liquid supply pipe 13, and the waste heat of the regeneration gas is recovered through the rich liquid in the rich liquid supply pipe 13, thereby realizing the internal circulation of the system.
如图2所示，作为一种可替换实施方式，所述第一冷却换热器17的后端还设有第二冷却换热器23，所述气液分离器22的分离水经过所述第二冷却换热器23后再进入所述再生塔2内。As shown in Figure 2, as an alternative implementation, the rear end of the first cooling heat exchanger 17 is also provided with a second cooling heat exchanger 23, the separated water of the gas-liquid separator 22 passes through the The second cooling heat exchanger 23 then enters the regeneration tower 2 .
如图1所示，所述闪蒸罐16上连通有送气管道24，所述富液经过闪蒸罐16的闪蒸出的闪蒸气通过所述送气管道24输送至再生塔2。上述闪蒸气中包括二氧化碳气和水蒸气，其包含有大量的热量，被送入再生塔2后，可起到部分再生塔2上再沸器18的功能。As shown in FIG. 1 , the flash tank 16 is connected with a gas delivery pipeline 24 , and the flash vapor obtained by flashing the rich liquid through the flash tank 16 is transported to the regeneration tower 2 through the gas delivery pipeline 24 . The above-mentioned flash gas includes carbon dioxide gas and water vapor, which contains a large amount of heat, and after being sent into the regeneration tower 2, it can function as the reboiler 18 on the partial regeneration tower 2 .
另外，作为一种优选实施方式，如图1所示，所述送气管道24上连通有压缩机25，所述闪蒸罐16的闪蒸气适于通过所述压缩机25进行压缩后输送至再生塔2。富液通过闪蒸罐16蒸发出的闪蒸气，通过压缩机25压缩后输送至再生塔2，该闪蒸气内含有大量的水蒸气，通过对该水蒸气进行加压进一步提高其温度，从而通过该闪蒸气起到部分再生塔2的再沸器18功能，降低再沸器18的能耗。In addition, as a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the air supply pipeline 24 is connected with a compressor 25, and the flash gas of the flash tank 16 is suitable for being compressed by the compressor 25 and then transported to the regeneration tank. Tower 2. The flash vapor evaporated by the rich liquid through the flash tank 16 is compressed by the compressor 25 and sent to the regeneration tower 2. The flash vapor contains a large amount of water vapor, and its temperature is further increased by pressurizing the water vapor, thereby passing The flash gas functions as the reboiler 18 of the partial regeneration tower 2 , reducing the energy consumption of the reboiler 18 .
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, rather than limiting the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. However, the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，其特征在于，包括：A carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system is characterized in that it includes:
    吸收塔(1)，适于与烟气连通，内部用于容纳吸收液，所述吸收塔(1)内的吸收液吸收了烟气中的二氧化碳后变为富液，所述吸收塔(1)上连接有富液供给管(13)，所述富液适于通过所述富液供给管(13)送入再生塔(2)；The absorption tower (1) is suitable for communicating with the flue gas, and the interior is used to accommodate the absorption liquid. The absorption liquid in the absorption tower (1) becomes rich liquid after absorbing carbon dioxide in the flue gas. The absorption tower (1) ) is connected with a rich liquid supply pipe (13), and the rich liquid is suitable for sending into the regeneration tower (2) through the rich liquid supply pipe (13);
    再生塔(2)，内部适于容纳吸收液，所述再生塔(2)内的吸收液析出二氧化碳后变为贫液，所述再生塔(2)上连通有贫液返回管(19)，所述贫液适于通过所述贫液返回管(19)回流至吸收塔(1)；The regeneration tower (2) is suitable for containing the absorption liquid inside, and the absorption liquid in the regeneration tower (2) becomes a lean liquid after separating out carbon dioxide, and the regeneration tower (2) is connected with a lean liquid return pipe (19), The lean liquid is suitable for returning to the absorption tower (1) through the lean liquid return pipe (19);
    贫富液换热器(15)，分别连通所述富液供给管(13)和所述贫液返回管(19)，用于对所述富液供给管(13)内的富液和所述贫液返回管(19)内的贫液进行换热；The lean-rich liquid heat exchanger (15) is connected to the rich liquid supply pipe (13) and the lean liquid return pipe (19) respectively, and is used to exchange the rich liquid in the rich liquid supply pipe (13) and the The lean liquid in the lean liquid return pipe (19) carries out heat exchange;
    第一冷却换热器(17)，设置在所述再生塔(2)的塔顶出口，用于对所述再生塔(2)的塔顶再生气进行余热回收，所述第一冷却换热器(17)与所述富液供给管(13)连通，通过所述富液供给管(13)内的富液对所述再生气进行余热回收；The first cooling heat exchanger (17) is arranged at the tower top outlet of the regeneration tower (2), and is used for recovering waste heat from the tower top regeneration gas of the regeneration tower (2), and the first cooling heat exchanger The device (17) communicates with the rich liquid supply pipe (13), and recovers the waste heat of the regeneration gas through the rich liquid in the rich liquid supply pipe (13);
    闪蒸罐(16)，通过所述富液供给管(13)分别与所述贫富液换热器(15)和所述第一冷却换热器(17)连通，所述富液供给管(13)内的富液在所述贫富液换热器(15)或所述第一冷却换热器(17)内进行过一次换热后，在所述闪蒸罐(16)内进行部分闪蒸，然后剩余的富液再进入所述贫富液换热器(15)或所述第一冷却换热器(17)内进行二次换热。The flash tank (16) communicates with the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger (15) and the first cooling heat exchanger (17) respectively through the rich liquid supply pipe (13), and the rich liquid supply pipe After the rich liquid in (13) has undergone a heat exchange in the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger (15) or the first cooling heat exchanger (17), it is carried out in the flash tank (16). Part of the flash evaporates, and then the remaining rich liquid enters the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger (15) or the first cooling heat exchanger (17) for secondary heat exchange.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，其特征在于，所述闪蒸罐(16)上连通有送气管道(24)，所述送气管道(24)上连通有压缩机(25)，所述闪蒸罐(16)的闪蒸气适于通过所述压缩机(25)进行压缩后输送至再生塔(2)。The carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the flash tank (16) is communicated with an air supply pipeline (24), and the air supply pipeline (24) is communicated with a A compressor (25), the flash gas in the flash tank (16) is suitable for being compressed by the compressor (25) and then sent to the regeneration tower (2).
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，其特征在于，所述吸收塔(1)的富液通过富液泵(14)在所述富液供给管(13)内，依次经过贫富液换热器(15)、闪蒸罐(16)和第一冷却换热器(17)，最后进入再生塔(2)。The carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that the rich liquid in the absorption tower (1) passes through the rich liquid pump (14) in the rich liquid supply pipe (13) Inside, it passes through the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger (15), the flash tank (16) and the first cooling heat exchanger (17) in sequence, and finally enters the regeneration tower (2).
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，其特征在于，所述吸收塔(1)的塔顶设有喷淋装置，所述喷淋装置通过喷淋泵(10)进行循环喷淋，所述喷淋泵(10)的出口适于与再生塔(2)的塔顶连通。The carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the top of the absorption tower (1) is provided with a spray device, and the spray device passes through a spray pump (10 ) for circulating spraying, and the outlet of the spraying pump (10) is suitable for communicating with the top of the regeneration tower (2).
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，其特征在于，所述喷淋装置包括：接水盘(7)，设置在所述吸收塔(1)的塔顶内部，所述接水盘(7)上具有与所述吸收塔(1)的塔底连通的通烟口(8)，所述接水盘(7)上从所述通烟口(8)处向上延伸有烟气管道。The carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system according to claim 4, characterized in that, the spray device comprises: a water receiving tray (7), which is arranged inside the top of the absorption tower (1) , the water receiving tray (7) has a smoke outlet (8) communicated with the bottom of the absorption tower (1), and the water receiving tray (7) from the smoke outlet (8) There is a flue gas pipe extending upwards.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，其特征在于，所述烟气管道的顶端具有防水帽(9)。The carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that the top of the flue gas pipeline has a waterproof cap (9).
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，其特征在于，所述吸收塔(1)的顶端具有尾气排空口(3)，所述尾气排空口(3)的前端在所述喷淋装置的上方具有除雾器(12)。The carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system according to claim 4, characterized in that, the top of the absorption tower (1) has a tail gas emptying port (3), and the tail gas emptying port (3) The front end of has a mist eliminator (12) above the spraying device.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，其特征在于，所述再生塔(2)的顶端具有粗气排气口(21)，所述粗气排气口(21)与气液分离器(22)连通，所述气液分离器(22)的分离水回流至再生塔(2)内。The carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the top of the regeneration tower (2) has a rough gas exhaust port (21), and the rough gas exhaust port ( 21) communicate with the gas-liquid separator (22), and the separated water of the gas-liquid separator (22) flows back into the regeneration tower (2).
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，其特征在于，所述第一冷却换热器(17)的后端还设有第二冷却换热器(23)，所述气液分离器(22)的分离水经 过所述第二冷却换热器(23)后再进入所述再生塔(2)内。The carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash regeneration waste heat recovery system according to claim 8, characterized in that, the rear end of the first cooling heat exchanger (17) is also provided with a second cooling heat exchanger (23), The separated water of the gas-liquid separator (22) passes through the second cooling heat exchanger (23) and then enters the regeneration tower (2).
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的二氧化碳捕集富液闪蒸再生余热回收系统，其特征在于，所述吸收塔(1)上具有自循环管道(4)，所述自循环管道(4)的一端通向吸收塔(1)的塔底吸收液内，所述自循环管道(4)的另一端通向吸收塔(1)的塔顶内腔中。The waste heat recovery system for carbon dioxide capture rich liquid flash evaporation regeneration according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, the absorption tower (1) has a self-circulation pipeline (4), and the self-circulation pipeline One end of (4) leads to the absorption liquid at the bottom of the absorption tower (1), and the other end of the self-circulation pipeline (4) leads to the inner chamber at the top of the absorption tower (1).
PCT/CN2022/083622 2021-05-20 2022-03-29 Carbon dioxide capture system for rich liquid flash-evaporation and regeneration waste heat recovery WO2022242317A1 (en)

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