WO2022241954A1 - 一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂方法及配合饲料 - Google Patents

一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂方法及配合饲料 Download PDF

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WO2022241954A1
WO2022241954A1 PCT/CN2021/111223 CN2021111223W WO2022241954A1 WO 2022241954 A1 WO2022241954 A1 WO 2022241954A1 CN 2021111223 W CN2021111223 W CN 2021111223W WO 2022241954 A1 WO2022241954 A1 WO 2022241954A1
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parts
sichuan
extract
corn
total
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French (fr)
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敖翔
周建川
何健
彭点懿
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四川铁骑力士实业有限公司
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/42—Cucurbitaceae (Cucumber family)
    • A61K36/424—Gynostemma
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/60—Moraceae (Mulberry family), e.g. breadfruit or fig
    • A61K36/605—Morus (mulberry)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/75—Rutaceae (Rue family)
    • A61K36/752—Citrus, e.g. lime, orange or lemon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
    • A61K36/896—Liliaceae (Lily family), e.g. daylily, plantain lily, Hyacinth or narcissus
    • A61K36/8968—Ophiopogon (Lilyturf)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A61P11/04—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system for throat disorders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/20—Hypnotics; Sedatives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of animal husbandry, and in particular relates to a meal-divided feeding method and compound feed for pregnant sows of Sichuan-Tibet black pigs.
  • the Sichuan-Tibet black pig matching line is a result of 14 years of research by the Sichuan Academy of Animal Husbandry Science and Sichuan Tieqi Lishi Industrial Co., Ltd., using modern genetic breeding technology to aggregate the advantageous trait genes of excellent pig breed resources at home and abroad, through systematic selection and breeding. Strict coordination research has successfully cultivated high-quality flavored pig matching lines with local characteristics and independent intellectual property rights.
  • Sichuan-Tibet black pigs use Vietnamese pigs, Meishan pigs and other local pig breeds as core breeding materials, overcome the shortcomings of Vietnamese pigs such as small size, poor appearance, and low fecundity, and combine the excellent traits of Vietnamese pigs and imported pigs.
  • Sichuan-Tibet black pigs The nutritional needs of Sichuan-Tibet black pigs are different from foreign breeds and local pigs. Through accurate assessment of their nutritional requirements, the nutritional level of diets can be precisely designed to maximize the economic benefits of their breeding. In recent years, there have been reports on energy substance conversion, metabolism, and feeding standards of Sichuan-Tibet black pigs, but there is a lack of systematic analysis and research. The sow is the key to the pig industry, and its reproductive performance directly determines the production level and the profit of breeding. The same pig breed needs different nutrients at different growth stages, so it is necessary to formulate a scientific and reasonable feeding plan according to the nutritional requirements of different growth stages.
  • Sichuan-Tibet black pigs are generally fed with rations configured according to DLY breeding pigs. Some nutrients may be deficient or excessive, resulting in nutritional imbalance and affecting the production performance of Sichuan-Tibet black pigs.
  • refined feeding can be adopted.
  • Biological rhythms are divided into activity period and sleep period. Animals consume more protein and carbohydrates than fat during the activity period. During the sleep period, the nutritional requirements are biased towards fat intake, and during the activity period, animals tend to consume glycogen.
  • Sichuan-Tibet black pig pregnant sows different diets in the morning and afternoon according to the reproductive physiological characteristics of Sichuan-Tibet black pig pregnant sows, and adopt the method of grading nutrition in the morning and afternoon to reduce feed consumption and save Reduce feed costs, improve the utilization rate of nutrients, ensure the nutritional needs of the pregnancy stage, and lay a good nutritional foundation for lactation.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and provide a meal-divided feeding method and compound feed for pregnant sows of Sichuan-Tibet black pigs, so that the reproduction performance of sows of Sichuan-Tibet black pigs is higher.
  • the breakfast ration is made of the following raw materials: 5-30 parts of corn, 10-30 parts of wheat, 15-30 parts of rice, 0-2 parts of soybean oil, 1-2 parts of soybean meal, 1-4 parts of gluten powder, 2-4 parts of rattan pepper seed meal, 15-35 parts of bran, 1.5-2.5 parts of stone powder, 0.5-1.2 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.4 parts of baking soda , 0.05-0.2 parts of lysine, 0.25-0.5 parts of sodium chloride, 0.08-0.12 parts of choline chloride, 0.02-0.04 parts of antioxidants, 0.04-0.08 parts of antifungal agents, 0.3-0.6 parts of Radix Ophiopogon japonicus, mulberry leaves 1-2 parts, 0.02-0.03 parts of myrobalan extract, 0.02-0.03 parts of orange peel extract, 0.02-0.03 parts of Jiaogulan extract, 1 part of premix;
  • the dinner ration is made of the following raw materials: 5-45 parts of corn, 15-30 parts of wheat, 15-30 parts of rice, 1-2 parts of soybean oil, 2-15 parts of soybean meal, 1-3 parts of gluten powder, rattan pepper 1-3 parts of seed meal, 8-12 parts of bran, 1.5-2.5 parts of stone powder, 0.5-1.2 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.4 parts of baking soda, 0.05-0.2 parts of lysine, 0.25-0.5 parts of sodium chloride , 0.08-0.12 parts of choline chloride, 0.02-0.04 parts of antioxidants, 0.04-0.08 parts of fungicides, 0.3-0.6 parts of Ophiopogon japonicus, 1-2 parts of mulberry leaves, 0.02-0.03 parts of myrobalan extract, tangerine peel extract 0.02-0.03 parts of the substance, 0.02-0.03 parts of the Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract, and 1 part of the premix.
  • the nutritional requirement parameter range of the breakfast ration is: digestible energy 2880-2980kcal/kg, crude protein 12.8-13.3wt%, calcium 0.85-0.90wt%, total phosphorus 0.55-0.60wt%, total lysine 0.9-0.92wt%, total threonine 0.65-0.70wt%, dEB (ion balance value) 165-180mEq/kg;
  • the range of nutritional parameters of the dinner diet is: digestible energy 2950-3050kcal/kg, crude protein 14.0-15.5wt%, calcium 0.90-0.96wt%, total phosphorus 0.48-0.0.53wt%, total lysine 0.95-1.05wt% , total threonine 0.75-0.80wt%, dEB (ion balance value) 165-180mEq/kg.
  • the breakfast ration is made of the following raw materials: 23.135 parts of corn, 20 parts of wheat, 20 parts of rice, 1 part of soybean meal, 3 parts of gluten powder, 2 parts of rattan pepper seed meal, 25 parts of bran, 1.65 parts of stone powder 0.68 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.3 parts of baking soda, 0.16 parts of lysine, 0.45 parts of sodium chloride, 0.1 parts of choline chloride, 0.025 parts of antioxidants, 0.04 parts of antifungal agents, 0.4 parts of Ophiopogon japonicus, mulberry leaves 1 part, 0.02 part of myrobalan extract, 0.02 part of tangerine peel extract, 0.02 part of Jiaogulan extract, 1 part of premix;
  • the dinner ration is made of the following raw materials: 40.96 parts of corn, 15 parts of wheat, 15 parts of rice, 1 part of soybean oil, 12 parts of soybean meal, 1 part of gluten powder, 1 part of rattan pepper seed meal, 8 parts of bran, and 1.73 parts of stone powder 0.72 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.4 parts of baking soda, 0.2 parts of lysine, 0.4 parts of sodium chloride, 0.12 parts of choline chloride, 0.03 parts of antioxidants, 0.05 parts of antifungal agents, 0.3 parts of Ophiopogon japonicus, mulberry leaves 1 part, 0.03 part of myrobalan extract, 0.03 part of tangerine peel extract, 0.03 part of Jiaogulan extract, 1 part of premix.
  • the nutritional requirement parameters of the breakfast diet are: digestible energy 2920kcal/kg, crude protein 13.3wt%, calcium 0.88wt%, total phosphorus 0.56wt%, total lysine 0.9wt%, total threonine 0.66wt%, dEB (ion balance value) 165mEq/kg;
  • the range of nutritional parameters of the dinner diet is: digestible energy 3010kcal/kg, crude protein 14.8wt%, calcium 0.93wt%, total phosphorus 0.51wt%, total lysine 0.96wt%, Total threonine 0.76wt%, dEB (ion balance value) 180mEq/kg.
  • the premix includes the following raw materials: VA, VD, VE, VB1, VB2, VB6, VB12, D-pantothenic acid, folic acid, niacin, biotin, Mn, I, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se.
  • the dosage of the premix provides per kilogram of feed: VA 5 350 IU, VD3 1 220 IU, VE 75mg, VB1 2.2mg, VB2 7.5mg, VB6 4mg, VB12 0.04mg, D- Pantothenic acid 25mg, folic acid 1.0mg, niacin 30mg, biotin 0.15mg, Mn 20mg, I 0.35mg, Fe 60mg, Cu 8mg, Zn 80mg, Se 0.2mg.
  • a method for preparing a compound feed for Sichuan-Tibet black pig pregnant sows fed in divided meals is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
  • the corn is preliminarily cleaned through a three-layer cylinder;
  • step 2 Grind the corn, wheat, rice and soybean meal processed in step 2 respectively to obtain corn flour, wheat flour, rice flour and soybean meal powder, and then add them to the mixer with the rest of the raw materials in order of weight from large to small Mix and granulate.
  • the sieve aperture of the corn in the step S2 is 2.0 mm.
  • the vapor pressure in the mixer in the S3 is 0.20-0.40Mpa
  • the granulation ring die compression ratio is 1:6.5
  • the particle size is 3.5mm; for the current African swine fever epidemic, the temperature of the conditioner is increased to 85 ⁇ 2°C.
  • the invention discloses a feeding method of compound feed for pregnant sows of Sichuan-Tibet black pigs divided into meals.
  • the feeding time of the breakfast ration is 7:00, and the feeding time of the dinner ration is 16:00.
  • the present invention prepares diets with different nutrient concentrations according to the biorhythm of pregnant sows of Sichuan-Tibet black pigs, and feeds them in divided meals.
  • Wheat and rice are used in the present invention, which reduces the usage of corn, especially rice is a local raw material, which reduces the cost of feed under the current high price of corn.
  • wheat gluten and rattan pepper seed meal are used to replace soybean meal, wherein Mianyang Santai is rich in rattan pepper, and rattan pepper seed meal after oil extraction can reduce feed cost instead of soybean meal.
  • Ophiopogon japonicus, mulberry leaf, myrobalan extract, tangerine peel extract, and Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract are added in the present invention.
  • Pregnant sows of Sichuan-Tibet black pigs are not suitable for the inland environment, which can cause a series of diseases, such as common respiratory diseases.
  • the Ophiopogon japonicus mainly produced in Mianyang Santai has the effects of promoting body fluid to quench thirst, nourishing the lungs and relieving cough.
  • the mulberry leaves have the effects of dispersing wind-heat, clearing the lungs and moistening dryness, clearing the liver and improving eyesight.
  • Adding Ophiopogon japonicus and mulberry leaves to the feed can effectively prevent and Treat respiratory diseases of pregnant sows in Sichuan-Tibet black pigs; extracts of myrobalan, tangerine peel and gynostemma have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, regulating qi and invigorating the spleen, promoting sleep, and treating gastroenteritis, tracheitis, and pharyngitis.
  • the protein content of the soybean meal in the embodiment of the present invention is 43wt%;
  • the content of lysine in the embodiment of the present invention is 70wt%
  • the content of choline chloride in the embodiment of the present invention is 60wt%.
  • the present embodiment provides the compound feed for Sichuan-Tibet black pig pregnant sow feeding in divided meals, containing the following components by weight:
  • the breakfast ration is made of the following raw materials: 23.135 parts of corn, 20 parts of wheat, 20 parts of rice, 1 part of soybean meal, 3 parts of gluten powder, 2 parts of rattan pepper seed meal, 25 parts of bran, 1.65 parts of stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate 0.68 parts, 0.3 parts of baking soda, 0.16 parts of lysine, 0.45 parts of sodium chloride, 0.1 parts of choline chloride, 0.025 parts of antioxidant, 0.04 parts of antifungal agent, 0.4 parts of Ophiopogon japonicus, 1 part of mulberry leaves, myrobalan 0.02 part of extract, 0.02 part of tangerine peel extract, 0.02 part of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract, 1 part of premix;
  • the dinner ration is made of the following raw materials: 40.96 parts of corn, 15 parts of wheat, 15 parts of rice, 1 part of soybean oil, 12 parts of soybean meal, 1 part of gluten powder, 1 part of rattan pepper seed meal, 8 parts of bran, and 1.73 parts of stone powder 0.72 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.4 parts of baking soda, 0.2 parts of lysine, 0.4 parts of sodium chloride, 0.12 parts of choline chloride, 0.03 parts of antioxidants, 0.05 parts of antifungal agents, 0.3 parts of Ophiopogon japonicus, mulberry leaves 1 part, 0.03 part of myrobalan extract, 0.03 part of tangerine peel extract, 0.03 part of Jiaogulan extract, 1 part of premix.
  • the nutritional requirements parameters of the breakfast diet are: digestible energy 2920kcal/kg, crude protein 13.3wt%, calcium 0.88wt%, total phosphorus 0.56wt%, total lysine 0.9wt%, total threonine 0.66 wt%, dEB (ion balance value) 165mEq/kg;
  • the nutritional parameter scope of dinner diet is: digestible energy 3010kcal/kg, crude protein 14.8wt%, calcium 0.93wt%, total phosphorus 0.51wt%, total lysine 0.96wt%, total threonine 0.76wt%, dEB( Ion balance value) 180mEq/kg.
  • the preparation process of compound feed is specifically:
  • Step 1 take each raw material by weight
  • Step 2 Pass the corn through a three-layer cylinder primary cleaning sieve; its parameters are: the inner sieve is 18.0-20.0mm, the middle sieve is 5.5mm, and the outer sieve is 2.5mm.
  • Step 3 Separately pulverize the corn, wheat, rice and soybean meal processed in step 2 to obtain corn flour, wheat flour, rice flour and soybean meal powder, and then add the rest of the raw materials to the mixture in order of weight from large to small Machine for mixing and granulation.
  • the aperture diameter of the sieve during pulverization is 2.0 mm.
  • the granulation parameters are: steam pressure 0.20-0.40Mpa, granulation ring die compression ratio 1:6.5, particle size 3.5mm; in view of the current African swine fever epidemic, the temperature of the conditioner is raised to 85 ⁇ 2°C.
  • the present embodiment provides the compound feed for Sichuan-Tibet black pig pregnant sow feeding in divided meals, containing the following components by weight:
  • 28.68 parts of corn 30 parts of wheat, 15 parts of rice, 1 part of soybean oil, 2 parts of soybean meal, 1 part of gluten powder, 2 parts of rattan pepper seed meal, 15 parts of bran, 1.6 parts of stone powder, 0.6 part of calcium hydrogen phosphate, small 0.3 part of soda, 0.07 part of lysine, 0.25 part of sodium chloride, 0.08 part of choline chloride, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.04 part of antifungal agent, 0.3 part of Radix Ophiopogon japonicus, 1 part of mulberry leaf, 0.02 part of chebula extract , 0.02 part of tangerine peel extract, 0.02 part of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract, 1 part of premix;
  • the dinner diet is made of the following raw materials: 35.46 parts of corn, 20 parts of wheat, 15 parts of rice, 2 parts of soybean oil, 10 parts of soybean meal, 1 part of gluten powder, 3 parts of rattan pepper seed meal, 8 parts of bran, 1.5 parts of stone powder 0.5 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.4 parts of baking soda, 0.08 parts of lysine, 0.35 parts of sodium chloride, 0.12 parts of choline chloride, 0.04 parts of antioxidants, 0.06 parts of antifungal agents, 0.4 parts of Radix Ophiopogon, mulberry leaves 1 part, 0.03 part of myrobalan extract, 0.03 part of tangerine peel extract, 0.03 part of Jiaogulan extract, 1 part of premix.
  • the nutritional requirements of the breakfast diet are: digestible energy 2900kcal/kg, crude protein 13.2wt%, calcium 0.88wt%, total phosphorus 0.56wt%, total lysine 0.9wt%, total threonine 0.66wt% %, dEB (ion balance value) 165mEq/kg;
  • the nutritional parameter scope of dinner diet is: digestible energy 3000kcal/kg, crude protein 14.7wt%, calcium 0.92wt%, total phosphorus 0.51wt%, total lysine 0.95wt%, total threonine 0.75wt%, dEB( Ion balance value) 180mEq/kg.
  • composition of the premix is the same as in Example 1, and the preparation method of the compound feed is the same as in Example 1.
  • the present embodiment provides the compound feed for Sichuan-Tibet black pig pregnant sow feeding in divided meals, containing the following components by weight:
  • the dinner ration is made of the following raw materials: 39.45 parts of corn, 10 parts of wheat, 15 parts of rice, 2 parts of soybean oil, 13 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of gluten powder, 2 parts of rattan pepper seed meal, 10 parts of bran, 1.7 parts of stone powder 0.65 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.4 parts of baking soda, 0.08 parts of lysine, 0.35 parts of sodium chloride, 0.12 parts of choline chloride, 0.03 parts of antioxidants, 0.04 parts of antifungal agents, 0.6 parts of Ophiopogon japonicus, mulberry leaves 1.5 parts, 0.03 parts of myrobalan extract, 0.02 part of tangerine peel extract, 0.03 part of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract, 1 part of premix.
  • the nutritional requirements parameters of the breakfast diet are: digestible energy 2905kcal/kg, crude protein 13.4wt%, calcium 0.89wt%, total phosphorus 0.57wt%, total lysine 0.91wt%, total threonine 0.67 wt%, dEB (ion balance value) 165mEq/kg;
  • the range of nutritional parameters of the dinner diet is: digestible energy 3005kcal/kg, crude protein 14.8wt%, calcium 0.94wt%, total phosphorus 0.52wt%, total lysine 0.96 wt%, total threonine 0.77wt%, dEB (ion balance value) 180mEq/kg.
  • composition of the premix is the same as in Example 1, and the preparation method of the compound feed is the same as in Example 1.
  • the compound feed prepared in Examples 1, 2 and 3 was used to feed pregnant sows of Sichuan-Tibet black pigs, and a comparative test was carried out with the existing commercially available feed.
  • the commercially available feed is T7 feed for pregnant sows from Sichuan Tieqi Lux Industrial Co., Ltd., specifically:
  • Sichuan-Tibet black pig pregnant sows with similar body weight and parity after mating were selected and divided into five treatment groups with a single factor completely randomized experimental design, with 25 pigs in each group, and the test period was 120 days.
  • Five groups of Sichuan-Tibet black pigs were fed the compound feeds of Examples 1, 2 and 3 and the commercially available comparative T7 sow feed, and the rest of the feeding conditions were the same.
  • the feeding time of embodiment 1, 2 and 3 breakfast diet is 7:00
  • the feeding time of dinner diet is 16:00
  • the feeding time of commercially available comparative T7 sow feed is also 7:00 in the morning, afternoon 16:00.
  • the statistical software SAS9.1.3 software was used to conduct statistical analysis on the test data, and the test results are as follows:
  • the compound feeds of Examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention have significantly improved the total litter size of Sichuan-Tibet black pig gestation sows, the number of live litters, the weight of newborn litters and the body condition of sows before delivery The standard rate is reduced, and the constipation rate is reduced.
  • the compound feed that the breakfast ration makes and the compound feed that the dinner ration makes are fed Sichuan Vietnamese black pig pregnant sow, and carry out comparative test with existing commercially available feed.
  • the commercially available feed is T7 feed for pregnant sows from Sichuan Tieqi Lux Industrial Co., Ltd., specifically:
  • Sichuan-Tibet black pig pregnant sows with similar body weight and parity after mating were selected and divided into four treatment groups with a single factor completely randomized experimental design, with 25 pigs in each group, and the test period was 120 days.
  • the four groups of Sichuan-Tibetan black pigs were respectively fed the compound feed of Example 1, the compound feed of the breakfast ration and the compound feed of the dinner ration and the commercially available T7 sow feed, and the rest of the feeding conditions were the same.
  • the feeding time of the breakfast ration in Example 1 is 7:00
  • the feeding time of the dinner ration is 16:00
  • the feeding time of the breakfast ration, the dinner ration and the commercially available comparison T7 sow feed is also 7:00 in the morning. :00, 16:00 in the afternoon.
  • the statistical software SAS9.1.3 software was used to conduct statistical analysis on the test data, and the test results are as follows:
  • Example 1 of the present invention has significantly improved the total litter size of Sichuan-Tibet black pig gestation period sows, the number of live litters, the newborn litter weight and the up-to-standard rate of sows' prenatal body condition, and reduced The constipation rate was improved; while the compound feed effect of feeding the breakfast ration and the dinner ration alone was all lower than that of Example 1, and had no difference with the matched group.

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Abstract

一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料，包括玉米、小麦、稻谷、大豆油、豆粕，谷朊粉、藤椒籽粕、麸皮、石粉、磷酸氢钙、小苏打、赖氨酸、氯化钠、氯化胆碱、抗氧化剂、防霉剂、麦冬、桑叶、诃子提取物、陈皮提取物、绞股蓝提取物、预混料；根据川藏黑猪妊娠母猪的生殖生理特点，将上述原料在早晨和下午配置成不同比例的早餐日粮和晚餐日粮，采用上下午营养分档配料的方法以达到减少饲料耗用，节约饲料成本，提高营养物质的利用率，使得川藏黑猪母猪繁殖性能更高。

Description

一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂方法及配合饲料 技术领域
本发明属于畜牧技术技术领域，具体涉及一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂方法及配合饲料。
背景技术
川藏黑猪配套系是四川省畜牧科学研究院与四川铁骑力士实业有限公司经过14年的攻关，采用现代遗传育种技术，聚合国内外优秀猪种资源的优势特色性状基因，经系统选育和严密的配合力研究，成功培育的具有地方特色和自主知识产权的优质风味猪配套系。川藏黑猪以藏猪、梅山猪等地方猪种为核心育种素材，克服了藏猪体型小、外观差、繁殖力低等缺点，聚合了藏猪和引进猪的优良性状。具有生产效率高、抗逆性强、胴体瘦肉率高、猪肉细嫩多汁、香味浓郁的特点，是打造高精农产品的理想猪种。目前，主要由四川铁骑力士实业有限公司饲养于绵阳地区。
川藏黑猪的营养需要既不同于外种猪，也异于地方猪种，通过对其营养需要量进行准确评定，可以精准设计饲粮的营养水平，实现其养殖经济效益的最大化。近年来在川藏黑猪能量物质转化及代谢、饲养标准的研究也有报道，但缺乏系统的分析和研究。母猪是生猪产业的关键，其繁殖性能的高低直接决定了生产水平和养殖的利润。同一猪种在不同的生长阶段所需要营养是不同的，因此需要针对其不同生长阶段的营养要求，制定科学合理的饲养计划。目前，普遍使用按DLY外种猪配置的日粮来饲喂川藏黑猪，可能某些营养成分缺乏或过剩，从而导致营养不平衡，影响川藏黑猪的生产性能。同时，由于目前川藏 黑猪妊娠母猪群体不大，可以采用精细化饲喂。生物节律分为活动期和睡眠期，动物在活动期对蛋白质和碳水化合物的摄取多于脂肪，在睡眠期营养需求偏向于脂肪的摄取，进入活动期偏向于对糖原的摄取。
因此，有必要依据川藏黑猪妊娠母猪的生殖生理特点，在早晨和下午给川藏黑猪妊娠母猪不同日粮，采用上下午营养分档配料的方法来达到减少饲料耗用，节约饲料成本，提高营养物质利用率，保证其妊娠阶段的营养需求，为哺乳期打好营养基础。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述技术问题，提供一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂方法及配合饲料，使得川藏黑猪母猪繁殖性能更高。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料，早餐日粮由以下原料制成：玉米5-30份、小麦10-30份、稻谷15-30份、大豆油0-2份、豆粕1-2份，谷朊粉1-4份、藤椒籽粕2-4份、麸皮15-35份、石粉1.5-2.5份、磷酸氢钙0.5-1.2份、小苏打0.1-0.4份、赖氨酸0.05-0.2份、氯化钠0.25-0.5份、氯化胆碱0.08-0.12份、抗氧化剂0.02-0.04份、防霉剂0.04-0.08份、麦冬0.3-0.6份、桑叶1-2份、诃子提取物0.02-0.03份、陈皮提取物0.02-0.03份、绞股蓝提取物0.02-0.03份、预混料1份；
晚餐日粮由以下原料制成：玉米5-45份、小麦15-30份、稻谷15-30份、大豆油1-2份、豆粕2-15份，谷朊粉1-3份、藤椒籽粕1-3份、麸皮8-12份、石粉1.5-2.5份、磷酸氢钙0.5-1.2份、小苏打0.1-0.4份、赖氨酸0.05-0.2份、氯化钠0.25-0.5份、氯化胆碱0.08-0.12份、抗氧化剂0.02-0.04份、防霉剂0.04-0.08 份、麦冬0.3-0.6份、桑叶1-2份、诃子提取物0.02-0.03份、陈皮提取物0.02-0.03份、绞股蓝提取物0.02-0.03份、预混料1份。
优选的，所述早餐日粮的营养需要参数范围为：消化能2880-2980kcal/kg，粗蛋白12.8-13.3wt％，钙0.85-0.90wt％，总磷0.55-0.60wt％，总赖氨酸0.9-0.92wt％，总苏氨酸0.65-0.70wt％，dEB(离子平衡值)165-180mEq/kg；
晚餐日粮的营养参数范围为：消化能2950-3050kcal/kg，粗蛋白14.0-15.5wt％，钙0.90-0.96wt％，总磷0.48-0.0.53wt％，总赖氨酸0.95-1.05wt％，总苏氨酸0.75-0.80wt％，dEB(离子平衡值)165-180mEq/kg。
优选的，所述早餐日粮由以下原料制成：玉米23.135份、小麦20份、稻谷20份、豆粕1份，谷朊粉3份、藤椒籽粕2份、麸皮25份、石粉1.65份、磷酸氢钙0.68份、小苏打0.3份、赖氨酸0.16份、氯化钠0.45份、氯化胆碱0.1份、抗氧化剂0.025份、防霉剂0.04份、麦冬0.4份、桑叶1份、诃子提取物0.02份、陈皮提取物0.02份、绞股蓝提取物0.02份、预混料1份；
晚餐日粮由以下原料制成：玉米40.96份、小麦15份、稻谷15份、大豆油1份、豆粕12份，谷朊粉1份、藤椒籽粕1份、麸皮8份、石粉1.73份、磷酸氢钙0.72份、小苏打0.4份、赖氨酸0.2份、氯化钠0.4份、氯化胆碱0.12份、抗氧化剂0.03份、防霉剂0.05份、麦冬0.3份、桑叶1份、诃子提取物0.03份、陈皮提取物0.03份、绞股蓝提取物0.03份、预混料1份。
优选的，早餐日粮营养需要参数为：消化能2920kcal/kg，粗蛋白13.3wt％，钙0.88wt％，总磷0.56wt％，总赖氨酸0.9wt％，总苏氨酸0.66wt％，dEB(离子平衡值)165mEq/kg；晚餐日粮的营养参数范围为：消化能3010kcal/kg，粗蛋白14.8wt％，钙0.93wt％，总磷0.51wt％，总赖氨酸0.96wt％，总苏氨酸0.76wt％， dEB(离子平衡值)180mEq/kg。
优选的，所述预混料包括如下原料：VA、VD、VE、VB1、VB2、VB6、VB12、D-泛酸、叶酸、烟酸、生物素、Mn、I、Fe、Cu、Zn、Se。
优选的，所述预混料用量：预混料为每千克饲粮提供：VA 5 350 IU、VD3 1 220 IU、VE 75mg、VB1 2.2mg、VB2 7.5mg、VB6 4mg、VB12 0.04mg、D-泛酸25mg、叶酸1.0mg、烟酸30mg、生物素0.15mg、Mn 20mg、I 0.35mg、Fe 60mg、Cu 8mg、Zn 80mg、Se 0.2mg。
一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1.按重量份称取各原料；
S2.将玉米通过三层圆筒初步清筛；
S3.将经步骤2处理后的玉米和小麦、稻谷、豆粕分别粉碎，得到玉米粉、小麦粉、稻谷粉和豆粕粉后，再与其余各原料按重量从大到小的顺序依次加入到混合机进行混合，制粒。
优选的，所述步骤S2中的玉米粉碎时的筛片孔径为2.0mm。
优选的，所述S3中混合机中蒸气压力为0.20-0.40Mpa，制粒环模压缩比为1:6.5，粒径为3.5mm；针对目前非洲猪瘟疫情，调质器温度提高至85±2℃。
一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料的饲喂方法，早餐日粮的饲喂时间为7:00，晚餐日粮的饲喂时间为16:00。
本发明的有益效果为：
1、本发明根据川藏黑猪妊娠母猪的生物节律规律，配制不同营养浓度的日粮，分餐饲喂。
2、本发明中使用了小麦和稻谷，降低了玉米的使用量，特别是稻谷是地产原料，在目前玉米价格高企的情况下降低了饲料成本。
3、本发明中使用了谷朊粉和藤椒籽粕替代豆粕，其中绵阳三台盛产藤椒，榨油后的藤椒籽粕替代豆粕可降低饲料成本。
4、本发明中添加了麦冬、桑叶、诃子提取物、陈皮提取物、绞股蓝提取物。川藏黑猪妊娠母猪因不适合内地的环境，从而会引发一系列的疾病，比如常见的呼吸道疾病。绵阳三台主产的麦冬有生津解渴、润肺止咳之效，桑叶有疏散风热，清肺润燥，清肝明目的功效，在饲料中添加麦冬和桑叶能够有效的预防以及治疗川藏黑猪妊娠母猪的呼吸道疾病；诃子提取物、陈皮提取物和绞股蓝提取物分别具有抗菌消炎、理气健脾和促进睡眠以及肠胃炎、气管炎、咽喉炎的治疗的功效。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的发明目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细描述，但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于下述实施例。在不脱离本发明上述技术思想情况下，根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段，做出各种替换和变更，均应包括在本发明的范围内。
本发明实施例中的豆粕的蛋白质含量为43wt％；
本发明实施例中赖氨酸的含量为70wt％；
本发明实施例中氯化胆碱的含量为60wt％。
实施例1
本实施例提供了用于川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料，含有以下重量份的组分：
早餐日粮由以下原料制成：玉米23.135份、小麦20份、稻谷20份、豆粕1份，谷朊粉3份、藤椒籽粕2份、麸皮25份、石粉1.65份、磷酸氢钙0.68份、小苏打0.3份、赖氨酸0.16份、氯化钠0.45份、氯化胆碱0.1份、抗氧化剂0.025份、防霉剂0.04份、麦冬0.4份、桑叶1份、诃子提取物0.02份、陈皮提取物0.02份、绞股蓝提取物0.02份、预混料1份；
晚餐日粮由以下原料制成：玉米40.96份、小麦15份、稻谷15份、大豆油1份、豆粕12份，谷朊粉1份、藤椒籽粕1份、麸皮8份、石粉1.73份、磷酸氢钙0.72份、小苏打0.4份、赖氨酸0.2份、氯化钠0.4份、氯化胆碱0.12份、抗氧化剂0.03份、防霉剂0.05份、麦冬0.3份、桑叶1份、诃子提取物0.03份、陈皮提取物0.03份、绞股蓝提取物0.03份、预混料1份。
在该组方中，早餐日粮营养需要参数为：消化能2920kcal/kg，粗蛋白13.3wt％，钙0.88wt％，总磷0.56wt％，总赖氨酸0.9wt％，总苏氨酸0.66wt％，dEB(离子平衡值)165mEq/kg；
晚餐日粮的营养参数范围为：消化能3010kcal/kg，粗蛋白14.8wt％，钙0.93wt％，总磷0.51wt％，总赖氨酸0.96wt％，总苏氨酸0.76wt％，dEB(离子平衡值)180mEq/kg。
本实施例中，配合饲料的制备工艺具体为：
步骤1.按重量份称取各原料；
步骤2.将玉米通过三层圆筒初清筛；其参数是：内筛为18.0-20.0mm，中筛为5.5mm，外筛为2.5mm。
步骤3.将经步骤2处理后的玉米和小麦、稻谷、豆粕分别粉碎，得到玉米粉、小麦粉、稻谷粉和豆粕粉后，再与其余各原料按重量从大到小的顺序依次 加入到混合机进行混合，制粒。
其中，粉碎时的筛片孔径为2.0mm。
制粒参数是：蒸气压力为0.20-0.40Mpa，制粒环模压缩比为1:6.5，粒径为3.5mm；针对目前非洲猪瘟疫情，调质器温度提高至85±2℃。
实施例2
本实施例提供了用于川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料，含有以下重量份的组分：
玉米28.68份、小麦30份、稻谷15份、大豆油1份、豆粕2份，谷朊粉1份、藤椒籽粕2份、麸皮15份、石粉1.6份、磷酸氢钙0.6份、小苏打0.3份、赖氨酸0.07份、氯化钠0.25份、氯化胆碱0.08份、抗氧化剂0.02份、防霉剂0.04份、麦冬0.3份、桑叶1份、诃子提取物0.02份、陈皮提取物0.02份、绞股蓝提取物0.02份、预混料1份；
晚餐日粮由以下原料制成：玉米35.46份、小麦20份、稻谷15份、大豆油2份、豆粕10份，谷朊粉1份、藤椒籽粕3份、麸皮8份、石粉1.5份、磷酸氢钙0.5份、小苏打0.4份、赖氨酸0.08份、氯化钠0.35份、氯化胆碱0.12份、抗氧化剂0.04份、防霉剂0.06份、麦冬0.4份、桑叶1份、诃子提取物0.03份、陈皮提取物0.03份、绞股蓝提取物0.03份、预混料1份。
在改组方中，早餐日粮营养需要参数为：消化能2900kcal/kg，粗蛋白13.2wt％，钙0.88wt％，总磷0.56wt％，总赖氨酸0.9wt％，总苏氨酸0.66wt％，dEB(离子平衡值)165mEq/kg；
晚餐日粮的营养参数范围为：消化能3000kcal/kg，粗蛋白14.7wt％，钙0.92wt％，总磷0.51wt％，总赖氨酸0.95wt％，总苏氨酸0.75wt％，dEB(离子平 衡值)180mEq/kg。
本实施例中，所述预混料的组成同实施例1，配合饲料的制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
本实施例提供了用于川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料，含有以下重量份的组分：
玉米29.02份、小麦13份、稻谷15份、大豆油1份、豆粕2份，谷朊粉2份、藤椒籽粕2份、麸皮30份、石粉1.8份、磷酸氢钙0.75份、小苏打0.3份、赖氨酸0.08份、氯化钠0.3份、氯化胆碱0.1份、抗氧化剂0.04份、防霉剂0.04份、麦冬0.5份、桑叶1份、诃子提取物0.02份、陈皮提取物0.03份、绞股蓝提取物0.02份、预混料1份；
晚餐日粮由以下原料制成：玉米39.45份、小麦10份、稻谷15份、大豆油2份、豆粕13份，谷朊粉2份、藤椒籽粕2份、麸皮10份、石粉1.7份、磷酸氢钙0.65份、小苏打0.4份、赖氨酸0.08份、氯化钠0.35份、氯化胆碱0.12份、抗氧化剂0.03份、防霉剂0.04份、麦冬0.6份、桑叶1.5份、诃子提取物0.03份、陈皮提取物0.02份、绞股蓝提取物0.03份、预混料1份。
在该组方中，早餐日粮营养需要参数为：消化能2905kcal/kg，粗蛋白13.4wt％，钙0.89wt％，总磷0.57wt％，总赖氨酸0.91wt％，总苏氨酸0.67wt％，dEB(离子平衡值)165mEq/kg；晚餐日粮的营养参数范围为：消化能3005kcal/kg，粗蛋白14.8wt％，钙0.94wt％，总磷0.52wt％，总赖氨酸0.96wt％，总苏氨酸0.77wt％，dEB(离子平衡值)180mEq/kg。
本实施例中，所述预混料的组成同实施例1，配合饲料的制备方法同实施例 1。
试验例1
用实施例1、2和3制得的配合饲料饲喂川藏黑猪妊娠母猪，并与现有市售饲料进行对比试验。市售饲料为四川铁骑力士实业有限公司T7妊娠母猪料，具体为：
选用100头体重和胎次相近的配种后的川藏黑猪妊娠母猪，采用单因子完全随机试验设计，分为五个处理组，每组25头，试验期120天。五组川藏黑猪分别饲喂实施例1、2和3的配合饲料和市售对比T7母猪料，其余饲养条件相同。实施例1、2和3早餐日粮的饲喂时间为7:00，晚餐日粮的饲喂时间为16:00，而市售对比T7母猪料的饲喂时间也是早上7:00，下午16:00。
试验结束后测定各组川藏黑猪母猪的繁殖性能(总产仔数、产活仔数、初生窝重、便秘率)。
采用统计软件SAS9.1.3软件对试验数据进行统计分析，试验结果如下：
表1 不同配合饲料对川藏黑猪妊娠母猪繁殖性能的影响
Figure PCTCN2021111223-appb-000001
注：*表示与对照组相比，差异显著(P<0.05)。
从表1可以看出，本发明实施例1、2和3的配合饲料显著提高了川藏黑猪妊娠期母猪总产仔数、活产仔数、初生窝重和母猪产前体况达标率，降低了便 秘率。
试验例2
用实施例1、早餐日粮制得的配合饲料和晚餐日粮制得的配合饲料饲喂川藏黑猪妊娠母猪，并与现有市售饲料进行对比试验。市售饲料为四川铁骑力士实业有限公司T7妊娠母猪料，具体为：
选用100头体重和胎次相近的配种后的川藏黑猪妊娠母猪，采用单因子完全随机试验设计，分为四个处理组，每组25头，试验期120天。四组川藏黑猪分别饲喂实施例1、早餐日粮的配合饲料和晚餐日粮的配合饲料与市售对比T7母猪料，其余饲养条件相同。实施例1早餐日粮的饲喂时间为7:00，晚餐日粮的饲喂时间为16:00，而早餐日粮、晚餐日粮和市售对比T7母猪料的饲喂时间也是早上7:00，下午16:00。
试验结束后测定各组川藏黑猪母猪的繁殖性能(总产仔数、产活仔数、初生窝重、便秘率)。
采用统计软件SAS9.1.3软件对试验数据进行统计分析，试验结果如下：
表2 不同配合饲料对川藏黑猪妊娠母猪繁殖性能的影响
Figure PCTCN2021111223-appb-000002
注：*表示与对照组相比，差异显著(P<0.05)。
从表1可以看出，本发明实施例1的配合饲料显著提高了川藏黑猪妊娠期 母猪总产仔数、活产仔数、初生窝重和母猪产前体况达标率，降低了便秘率；而单独饲喂早餐日粮和晚餐日粮的配合饲料效果均低于实施例1，与对照组无差异。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。本发明扩展到任何在本说明书中披露的新特征或任何新的组合，以及披露的任一新的方法或过程的步骤或任何新的组合。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料，其特征在于，早餐日粮由以下原料制成：玉米5-30份、小麦10-30份、稻谷15-30份、大豆油0-2份、豆粕1-2份，谷朊粉1-4份、藤椒籽粕2-4份、麸皮15-35份、石粉1.5-2.5份、磷酸氢钙0.5-1.2份、小苏打0.1-0.4份、赖氨酸0.05-0.2份、氯化钠0.25-0.5份、氯化胆碱0.08-0.12份、抗氧化剂0.02-0.04份、防霉剂0.04-0.08份、麦冬0.3-0.6份、桑叶1-2份、诃子提取物0.02-0.03份、陈皮提取物0.02-0.03份、绞股蓝提取物0.02-0.03份、预混料1份；
    晚餐日粮由以下原料制成：玉米5-45份、小麦15-30份、稻谷15-30份、大豆油1-2份、豆粕2-15份，谷朊粉1-3份、藤椒籽粕1-3份、麸皮8-12份、石粉1.5-2.5份、磷酸氢钙0.5-1.2份、小苏打0.1-0.4份、赖氨酸0.05-0.2份、氯化钠0.25-0.5份、氯化胆碱0.08-0.12份、抗氧化剂0.02-0.04份、防霉剂0.04-0.08份、麦冬0.3-0.6份、桑叶1-2份、诃子提取物0.02-0.03份、陈皮提取物0.02-0.03份、绞股蓝提取物0.02-0.03份、预混料1份。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料，其特征在于，所述早餐日粮的营养需要参数范围为：消化能2880-2980kcal/kg，粗蛋白12.8-13.3wt％，钙0.85-0.90wt％，总磷0.55-0.60wt％，总赖氨酸0.9-0.92wt％，总苏氨酸0.65-0.70wt％，dEB(离子平衡值)165-180mEq/kg；
    晚餐日粮的营养参数范围为：消化能2950-3050kcal/kg，粗蛋白14.0-15.5wt％，钙0.90-0.96wt％，总磷0.48-0.0.53wt％，总赖氨酸0.95-1.05wt％，总苏氨酸0.75-0.80wt％，dEB(离子平衡值)165-180mEq/kg。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料，其特征在于，所述早餐日粮由以下原料制成：玉米23.135份、小麦20份、稻谷 20份、豆粕1份，谷朊粉3份、藤椒籽粕2份、麸皮25份、石粉1.65份、磷酸氢钙0.68份、小苏打0.3份、赖氨酸0.16份、氯化钠0.45份、氯化胆碱0.1份、抗氧化剂0.025份、防霉剂0.04份、麦冬0.4份、桑叶1份、诃子提取物0.02份、陈皮提取物0.02份、绞股蓝提取物0.02份、预混料1份；
    晚餐日粮由以下原料制成：玉米40.96份、小麦15份、稻谷15份、大豆油1份、豆粕12份，谷朊粉1份、藤椒籽粕1份、麸皮8份、石粉1.73份、磷酸氢钙0.72份、小苏打0.4份、赖氨酸0.2份、氯化钠0.4份、氯化胆碱0.12份、抗氧化剂0.03份、防霉剂0.05份、麦冬0.3份、桑叶1份、诃子提取物0.03份、陈皮提取物0.03份、绞股蓝提取物0.03份、预混料1份。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料，其特征在于，早餐日粮营养需要参数为：消化能2920kcal/kg，粗蛋白13.3wt％，钙0.88wt％，总磷0.56wt％，总赖氨酸0.9wt％，总苏氨酸0.66wt％，dEB(离子平衡值)165mEq/kg；晚餐日粮的营养参数范围为：消化能3010kcal/kg，粗蛋白14.8wt％，钙0.93wt％，总磷0.51wt％，总赖氨酸0.96wt％，总苏氨酸0.76wt％，dEB(离子平衡值)180mEq/kg。
  5. 根据权利要求1或3所述的一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料，其特征在于，所述预混料包括如下原料：VA、VD、VE、VB1、VB2、VB6、VB12、D-泛酸、叶酸、烟酸、生物素、Mn、I、Fe、Cu、Zn、Se。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料，其特征在于，所述预混料用量：预混料为每千克饲粮提供：VA 5 350IU、VD3 1 220IU、VE 75mg、VB1 2.2mg、VB2 7.5mg、VB6 4mg、VB12 0.04mg、D-泛酸25mg、叶酸1.0mg、烟酸30mg、生物素0.15mg、Mn 20mg、I 0.35mg、Fe 60 mg、Cu 8mg、Zn 80mg、Se 0.2mg。
  7. 权利要求1-6任一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1.按重量份称取各原料；
    S2.将玉米通过三层圆筒初步清筛；
    S3.将经步骤2处理后的玉米和小麦、稻谷、豆粕分别粉碎，得到玉米粉、小麦粉、稻谷粉和豆粕粉后，再与其余各原料按重量从大到小的顺序依次加入到混合机进行混合，制粒。
  8. 根据权利要求7所示的一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S2中的玉米粉碎时的筛片孔径为2.0mm。
  9. 根据权利要求7所示的一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述S3中混合机中蒸气压力为0.20-0.40Mpa，制粒环模压缩比为1:6.5，粒径为3.5mm；针对目前非洲猪瘟疫情，调质器温度提高至85±2℃。
  10. 一种川藏黑猪妊娠母猪分餐饲喂的配合饲料的饲喂方法，早餐日粮的饲喂时间为7:00，晚餐日粮的饲喂时间为16:00。
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