WO2022237108A1 - 防堵肾造瘘管和弯道引流肾造瘘管 - Google Patents

防堵肾造瘘管和弯道引流肾造瘘管 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022237108A1
WO2022237108A1 PCT/CN2021/131042 CN2021131042W WO2022237108A1 WO 2022237108 A1 WO2022237108 A1 WO 2022237108A1 CN 2021131042 W CN2021131042 W CN 2021131042W WO 2022237108 A1 WO2022237108 A1 WO 2022237108A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drainage
tube
curved
nephrostomy
channel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/131042
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程跃
严泽军
蒋军辉
Original Assignee
宁波市第一医院
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202110502083.4A external-priority patent/CN113318325A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202110502093.8A external-priority patent/CN113289207A/zh
Application filed by 宁波市第一医院 filed Critical 宁波市第一医院
Publication of WO2022237108A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022237108A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0021Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing
    • A61M25/0041Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the form of the tubing pre-formed, e.g. specially adapted to fit with the anatomy of body channels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M27/00Drainage appliance for wounds or the like, i.e. wound drains, implanted drains
    • A61M27/002Implant devices for drainage of body fluids from one part of the body to another
    • A61M27/008Implant devices for drainage of body fluids from one part of the body to another pre-shaped, for use in the urethral or ureteral tract
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0043Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
    • A61M25/0068Static characteristics of the catheter tip, e.g. shape, atraumatic tip, curved tip or tip structure
    • A61M25/007Side holes, e.g. their profiles or arrangements; Provisions to keep side holes unblocked
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/10Balloon catheters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M27/00Drainage appliance for wounds or the like, i.e. wound drains, implanted drains
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0043Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features
    • A61M2025/006Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by structural features having a special surface topography or special surface properties, e.g. roughened or knurled surface
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/0067Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
    • A61M25/0068Static characteristics of the catheter tip, e.g. shape, atraumatic tip, curved tip or tip structure
    • A61M2025/0073Tip designed for influencing the flow or the flow velocity of the fluid, e.g. inserts for twisted or vortex flow
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/0102Insertion or introduction using an inner stiffening member, e.g. stylet or push-rod
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/02Holding devices, e.g. on the body
    • A61M25/04Holding devices, e.g. on the body in the body, e.g. expansible

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medical devices, in particular to an anti-blocking nephrostomy tube and a curved drainage nephrostomy tube.
  • Nephrostomy drainage is an operation that punctures or incises the renal parenchyma, sends a catheter into the renal pelvis, drains urine, pus, blood, etc., and facilitates the formation of a sinus tract.
  • a nephrostomy tube is usually used in nephrostomy drainage, and the nephrostomy tube is placed in the nephrostomy channel for a predetermined time.
  • the main body of the existing nephrostomy tube has a channel, and the end has two symmetrical holes, and these two holes communicate with the internal channel.
  • the fluid in the renal pelvis is sent out.
  • pyelostomy drainage usually requires the drainage of urine, pus, blood, etc. Compared with ordinary body fluids, such as urine, the concentration of these liquids is much higher, and there are even some small agglomerates in them. In this case, in practice, it is found that the existing ostomy tubes are often blocked, which brings a lot of inconvenience to doctors and patients.
  • the end of the existing nephrostomy tube is a straight head, and the entry hole is relatively small, that is to say, the leading path has only one through hole, which is very limited, which is the root cause of its easy blockage reason.
  • a fistula tube 771P for drainage As shown in FIG. 71 .
  • the fistula tube 771P plays the role of drainage, and on the other hand, it plays the role of compression and hemostasis due to bleeding during or after the operation.
  • the current ostomy tube 771P is generally a hollow tube made of medical rubber.
  • the front end of the tube is provided with a through hole 7710P to guide the external liquid from the ostomy tube 771P and drain to the outside.
  • the front end of the tube can also be arranged with a balloon , Play the role of fixation and compression to stop bleeding.
  • the drainage of the ostomy tube 771P depends on the through hole 7710P located at the front end of the tube in the human body and the opening outside the body located in the rear section of the tube. Obviously, if the through hole 7710P at the front end of the tube is blocked, the whole ostomy tube 771P will be useless. For example, for the cystostomy tube 771P, if the cystostomy tube 771P is blocked or pressurized, the pressure in the bladder exceeds the safe pressure, causing hydronephrosis or upper urinary tract function damage.
  • the general solution is to fold the ostomy tube 771P or squeeze the ostomy tube 771P repeatedly, so that the fluid in the ostomy tube 771P can reversely impact the ostomy tube 771P Front-end through-hole 7710P.
  • this method has a certain effect, due to the defects in the design of this type of ostomy tube 771P, it cannot effectively solve the blockage problem every time.
  • larger blood clots may cover the entire head of the ostomy tube 771P, resulting in the loss of drainage function of these through holes 7710P.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an anti-blockage nephrostomy tube, wherein the anti-blockage nephrostomy tube can keep the flow channel as smooth as possible to continuously guide the flow.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an anti-blockage nephrostomy catheter, wherein the anti-blockage nephrostomy catheter can provide multiple drainage inlets, so that after one drainage inlet is blocked, the other drainage inlets can also Continue to maintain the drainage, and the drainage inlets are not arranged on the same plane, so there is a possibility that all the drainage inlets are blocked together.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an anti-blockage nephrostomy tube, wherein the anti-blockage nephrostomy tube can provide at least one drainage groove to prolong the flow distance of fluid on the surface of the tube and avoid concentrated blockage on the surface.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an anti-blocking nephrostomy catheter, wherein each of the drainage inlets is corresponding to a drainage groove, and the probability of blockage at the location of the drainage inlet is reduced by the drainage grooves.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an anti-blocking nephrostomy catheter, wherein the drainage groove can play a role of separating easy-to-block objects while performing drainage, so that easy-to-block objects can be miniaturized, thereby avoiding blockage at the drainage inlet position.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a curved drainage nephrostomy catheter, which guides the liquid to enter by extending the drainage path through the curved drainage, so that it is not limited to the small hole drainage path.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a curved drainage nephrostomy tube, which allows the liquid in the renal pelvis to enter the multi-directional drainage fistula from all directions through open drainage, rather than being limited to one direction of the small hole.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a nephrostomy tube for drainage of nephrostomy, which uses an open drainage method to guide liquid, is more suitable for thick or viscous liquid or liquid with small pieces, and is suitable for use after nephrostomy drainage operation.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a curved drainage nephrostomy catheter, wherein the curved drainage nephrostomy catheter is provided with a plurality of drainage bends, and a plurality of the drainage bends are arranged at intervals to separate Reduce the occurrence of clogging.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a curved drainage nephrostomy catheter, wherein the curved drainage nephrostomy catheter disperses the accumulated liquid and particles by means of multiple guide wall drainage, reducing the accumulation of liquid mixed with particles in one location Probability that complete blockage will not or rarely occur.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a curved drainage nephrostomy tube, which includes a curved head, the end of the built-in section is bent when placed in the body, and there is no sharp point or protruding part, thereby reducing adverse stimulation to internal organs of the human body effect.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a nephrostomy tube for drainage of the bend, which coordinates the functional requirements of bending and drainage by designing the opening position of the drainage bend and cooperating with the bending direction of the built-in section.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a curved drainage nephrostomy catheter, wherein in one embodiment, it includes an outer wall, the outer wall is arranged at the outer end of the guide wall to prevent the outer end of the guide wall from directly contacting
  • the inner membrane of the human body allows the built-in segment to smoothly pass through the passage in the human body.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a curved drainage nephrostomy tube, wherein the outer wall covers the outside of the guide wall in an arc shape, and gaps are formed between adjacent outer walls, so that when the liquid can pass through, a circle tending to the circumference is formed.
  • Protective guide wall
  • one aspect of the present invention provides a curved drainage nephrostomy tube, which includes:
  • the extension body has a third inner passage, the second inner passage of the balloon communicates with the third inner passage of the diffraction main body, the first inner passage, the second inner passage It communicates with the third inner passage to form the guide passage.
  • the drainage curved tunnel has an opening and a communication hole, the opening communicates with the outside, and the communication hole of the drainage curved tunnel communicates with all the balloons. Describe the second inner channel.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube comprises a first tube body and a plurality of guide walls, each of the guide walls is arranged radially on the outside of the first tube body, and two adjacent tubes The guide walls form a drainage bend.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy catheter includes a first tubular body and a plurality of guide walls, and the plurality of guide walls are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the first tubular body.
  • the guide wall has at least one microhole, and the microhole communicates with two adjacent drainage bends.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube according to one embodiment, wherein the curved head ends are tapered gradually.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube includes a positioning line, and the positioning line is arranged along the extension body.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy catheter according to one embodiment, wherein the curved head includes a protective wall, and the protective wall is arranged on the outside of the guiding wall in an arc shape, and two adjacent walls A gap is formed therebetween, and the gap communicates the inside and outside space of the drainage bend.
  • one of the drainage curved channels is located at the inner curve of the bending head, and the other drainage curved channel is located at the outer curve of the bending head.
  • the number of the guiding walls is selected from 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7.
  • the present invention provides an anti-blockage nephrostomy tube, wherein the anti-blockage nephrostomy tube includes a tube body, a marking line and at least two drainage grooves and a drainage channel, wherein the tube
  • the main body includes a tube front section and a tube rear section, the drainage channel passes through the tube rear section and is located inside the tube rear section, the tube front section has a side surface and at least part of the side surface is formed in a concave manner
  • the drainage grooves, each of the drainage grooves is connected to the drainage channel, wherein the drainage grooves have a drainage starting end and a drainage end, and the drainage ending is close to the drainage starting end relative to the drainage starting end
  • the rear section of the tube is arranged, and there is a height difference between at least one of the drainage starting end and the drainage end in the adjacent drainage grooves, wherein the marking line is configured to be identifiable to highlight the tube main body Location.
  • the tube front section of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube is configured to be bent to form a bend, and the drainage groove is arranged at the bend and bends along the bend.
  • the curved portion has a curved positive side and a curved back side, the curved positive side is the side toward which the front section of the tube bends, and at least one of the drainage grooves is arranged on the The curved dorsal side of the curved portion.
  • the drainage groove with the longest length is arranged on the curved back side of the curved portion.
  • the number of the drainage grooves is three or more, and the drainage ends of each drainage groove are arranged in a stepped shape.
  • the pipe main body has an installation passage, and the installation passage is suitable for installing a mounting piece through the pipe main body to allow the pipe main body to be inserted to a predetermined position.
  • the nephrostomy tube further includes a pillar and at least two supporting walls, the supporting walls are configured to extend outward from the pillar to form the drainage groove, the pillar and the A support wall forms at least part of said tube front section.
  • the nephrostomy tube further includes a pillar and at least two supporting walls, the supporting walls are configured to extend outward from the pillar to form the drainage groove, the pillar and the A support wall forms at least part of the front tube section and the mounting channel extends through the front tube section.
  • the nephrostomy tube further includes a balloon and has a fluid channel, wherein the balloon is arranged at the tube rear section of the tube body and is adapted to communicate with the fluid channel to To be inflated, the tube body is provided with a filling interface to communicate with the fluid channel.
  • the front section of the nephrostomy tube and the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube are set to be bent to form a bend, and the drainage groove is arranged at the bend and along the
  • the curved portion is curved, wherein the curved portion has a curved positive side and a curved back side, the curved positive side is the side to which the front section of the tube bends, and at least one drainage groove is arranged on the curved portion
  • the curved dorsal side wherein the number of drainage grooves is three or more, and the drainage ends of each drainage groove are arranged in steps
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube further includes a pillar and at least Two support walls, the support wall is set to extend outward from the support to form the drainage groove, the support and the support wall form at least part of the front section of the pipe and the installation channel runs through the The front section of the tube, wherein the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube further includes a balloon
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the application of a current ostomy tube.
  • Fig. 2A is a schematic diagram of an anti-blocking nephrostomy tube according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are schematic diagrams of the application of an anti-blocking kit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the application of the anti-blocking kit according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial schematic diagram of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a partial schematic diagram of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a partial schematic diagram of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a partial schematic diagram of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an experimental comparison between the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube and a common fistula tube according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of experimental effects between the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube and the common one according to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a bent state of the nephrostomy tube for drainage through the bend according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 13 .
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a straightened state when a guide member is inserted into the curved drainage nephrostomy tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a curved drainage nephrostomy tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention, for illustrating the structure of the curved head.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the inflated state of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the end of the curved head of the curved drainage ostomy tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 19A-19E are schematic views of the use process of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 20A-20E are variations of drainage bends of the bend drainage nephrostomy tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 21A-21C are variant implementations of the protective wall of the bending head according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 22 is a curved drainage nephrostomy tube according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the term “a” should be understood as “at least one” or “one or more”, that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element
  • the quantity can be multiple, and the term “a” cannot be understood as a limitation on the quantity.
  • an anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 and an anti-blocking set 71000 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention are illustrated.
  • the anti-blocking set 71000 may include the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 and at least one mounting part 72, and the mounting part 72 is suitable for guiding the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 into the body.
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 can also be directly inserted into the tube in some application scenarios.
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 can reduce the risk of being blocked as much as possible during use, so that the fluid in the body can be guided to the outside of the body smoothly.
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 has at least two drainage inlets 7101, a drainage channel 7100, a drainage outlet 7102, and at least two drainage grooves 7200, wherein the drainage inlet 7101 and the drainage outlet 7102 are connected respectively In the drainage channel 7100.
  • the fluid in the body is adapted to enter the drainage channel 7100 through the drainage inlet 7101 , and then leave the human body through the drainage outlet 7102 .
  • the fluid may be a liquid, a liquid-solid mixture, etc., and there is no specific limitation on the form of the substance.
  • the drainage groove 7200 is adapted to be connected to the drainage inlet 7101 , so as to drain the fluid in the body to the location of the drainage inlet 7101 , and then enter the drainage channel 7100 through the drainage inlet 7101 .
  • the drainage groove 7200 has a certain length, which can be designed according to specific requirements based on the overall size of the ostomy tube, for example, 1-5 cm.
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 includes a tube body 710, wherein the tube body 710 has a front end 7103 and a rear end 7104, and the front end 7103 and the rear end 7104 are two ends of the tube body 710 respectively. .
  • the drainage inlet 7101 and the drainage outlet 7102 are formed on the tube body 710 and the drainage outlet 7102 is located at the rear end 7104 of the tube body 710 .
  • the tube main body 710 includes a tube front section 711 and a tube rear section 712, wherein the tube front section 711 is connected to the tube rear section 712, and the drainage outlet 7102 is located on the tube main body 710.
  • the tube rear section 712 , the drainage channel 7100 is located at the tube rear section 712 of the tube main body 710 , and the drainage groove 7200 is located at the tube front section 711 of the tube main body 710 .
  • the front section 711 of the tube is adapted to be inserted into the body first, and the drainage groove 7200 located at the front section 711 of the tube is suitable for guiding the fluid in the body outward to the The position of the drainage inlet 7101 is further drained outward through the drainage channel 7100 .
  • the front pipe section 711 has a front pipe section head end 7111 and a pipe front section tail end 7112, wherein the pipe front section head end 7111 is the front end 7103 of the pipe main body 710, and the pipe rear section 712 It has a tube rear section head end 7121 and a tube rear section tail end 7122, wherein the tube rear section tail end 7122 is the rear end 7104 of the tube main body 710, and the tube front section of the tube front section 711
  • the tail end 7112 is connected to the head end 7121 of the rear section of the tube.
  • the drainage groove 7200 extends between the head end 7111 of the front section of the pipe and the tail end 7112 of the front section of the pipe, and the drainage groove 7200 may extend from the tail end 7112 of the front section of the pipe directly toward the head end 7111 of the front section of the pipe , may extend from the tail end 7112 of the front section of the tube directly toward the head end 7111 of the front section of the tube, or the two ends of the drainage groove 7200 are not connected to the head end 7111 of the front section of the tube or the tail end of the front section of the tube 7112 contact.
  • the end of the drainage groove 7200 can be located at the head end 7111 of the front section of the tube, or at the tail end 7112 of the front section of the tube, or at the head end 7111 of the front section of the tube and the tube Between the end 7112 of the front section.
  • the tube main body 710 has a side surface 7105, the side surface 7105 of the tube front section 711 of the tube main body 710 is recessed inwardly to form the drainage groove 7200, and the drainage groove 7200 directly and externally connected.
  • the drainage groove 7200 extends along the length direction of the tube body 710 to guide the fluid forward to the position of the drainage inlet 7101 .
  • one drainage inlet 7101 corresponds to one drainage groove 7200
  • one drainage inlet 7101 may correspond to two or more drainage grooves 7200
  • one The drainage groove 7200 corresponds to two or more drainage grooves 7200 .
  • the number of the drainage inlets 7101 is four, and the number of the drainage grooves 7200 is four. It can be understood that the number of the drainage inlets 7101 can be two, three, five, six or more, and the number of the drainage grooves 7200 can be two, three, five, or six Or more.
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 includes a strut 720 and at least two support walls 730, the strut 720 and the support walls 730 can form at least part of the tube front section 711, wherein the support wall 730 extends from the The struts 720 extend outward, and the drainage grooves 7200 are formed between adjacent supporting walls 730 .
  • a cross-section of the support wall 730 can be "L" shape, "T" shape, the outer surface of the support wall 730 in this embodiment is implemented as a curved surface, to reduce the damage to human tissue possibility.
  • the number of the supporting walls 730 is four, and a certain interval is kept to form the drainage groove 7200 .
  • the drainage inlet 7101 is connected to the drainage groove 7200 , and due to the arrangement of a plurality of the drainage inlets 7101 and the drainage groove 7200 , the fluid needs to pass through the drainage groove 7200 before entering the drainage inlet 7101 . If a large foreign matter needs to enter the drainage inlet 7101 , it may be divided into smaller objects by the support wall 730 forming the drainage groove 7200 before entering, so as to avoid blocking the drainage inlet 7101 .
  • the drainage inlet 7101 is arranged at the end of the drainage groove 7200 and is located in the length direction of the drainage groove 7200 .
  • the fluid drained along the drain groove 7200 can be drained to the drain inlet 7101 while maintaining the original transport direction. If the foreign matter is large, it can be separated by the support wall 730 while moving along the drainage groove 7200; if the foreign matter is small, it can be transferred along the drainage groove 7200, and then directly transferred to the Drainage inlet 7101 to enter the drainage channel 7100 . Fluid can also be sucked into the drainage inlet 7101 directly from the outside.
  • the rear pipe section 712 is formed with an opening 71210 at the head end 7121 of the rear pipe section, and a surrounding wall of the rear pipe section 712 of the opening 71210 is formed. Edges can be non-planar or co-planar.
  • the pillar 720 of the front section 711 of the tube and the support wall 730 divide the opening 71210 into a plurality of drainage inlets 7101 at the head end 7121 of the tube rear section to reduce the chance that the opening 71210 is completely blocked. possibility.
  • One end of each support wall 730 can be connected to the support 720 , and the other end can extend to the inner wall of the tube rear section 712 .
  • the plurality of drainage inlets 7101 may be arranged at the same height, or at different heights.
  • at least one drainage inlet 7101 is arranged directly at the position of the opening 71210 at the head end 7121 of the back section of the tube, and at least one drainage inlet 7101 is arranged at the head end 7121 of the back section of the tube above the position of the opening 71210, so that the foreign matter after entering the drainage inlet 7101 continues to pass through a narrow distance and then reaches the opening 71210 at the head end 7121 of the rear section of the tube, thereby entering into the larger Inside the drainage channel 7100.
  • the drainage inlet 7101 may not be arranged at the end of the drainage groove 7200 , but may be arranged at the pillar 720 Or the support wall 730 is exposed at a predetermined position of the drainage groove 7200 .
  • the drainage channel 7100 may extend from the drainage outlet 7102 along the tube rear section 712 to the tube rear section 712 , or extend to the tube front section 711 .
  • the drainage groove 7200 has a drainage start end 7201 and a drainage end 7202, the drainage start end 7201 is set close to the first end 7111 of the tube front section 711, and the drainage end 7202 is The tail end 7112 of the front section of the tube close to the front section of the tube 711 is arranged.
  • the drainage starting end 7201 can be set at the head end 7111 of the front section of the tube, and can also maintain a preset distance from the head end 7111 of the front section of the tube, so that the front section of the tube 711 The head end 7111 of the front section maintains a smooth surface to facilitate tube feeding.
  • the distance from the drainage end 7202 of at least one of the drainage grooves 7200 to the tail end 7112 of the front section of the tube is greater than the distance from the drainage end 7202 of the other drainage groove 7200 to the tail end of the front section of the tube end 7112 distance.
  • at least one part of the drainage groove 7200 close to the tail end 7112 of the front section of the tube is closed, so that for the drainage groove 7200, the fluid enters the drainage groove 7200 through the drainage inlet 7101.
  • the position of the channel 7100 is different from that of the other drainage grooves 7200 .
  • the four drainage grooves 7200 are respectively called the first drainage groove 7200A, the second drainage groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D, wherein the first drainage groove 7200A
  • the distance from the drainage end 7202 to the tail end 7112 of the front section of the tube is x
  • the drainage ends 7202 of the second drainage groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D are arranged on the The position of the tail end of the front section of the pipe is 7112.
  • the first drainage groove 7200A may be blocked.
  • the drainage ends 7202 of the second drainage groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D are located beside and below the drainage terminal 7202 of the first drainage groove 7200A.
  • the probability of being blocked at the same time is small, so that the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 is kept unblocked as much as possible.
  • the drainage end 7202 passing through the first drainage groove 7200A At the same time, due to the suction of the corresponding drainage inlet 7101, at least part of the blood clot is attracted to the position of the drainage end 7202 of the first drainage groove 7200A, and it is difficult to move forward to block other second drainage channels.
  • the drainage end 7202 of the groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D is attracted to the position of the drainage end 7202 of the first drainage groove 7200A, and it is difficult to move forward to block other second drainage channels.
  • the tube front section 711 of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 is set to be vertical in a natural state, and the length of the tube front section 711 can be designed to be short to avoid damage to tissues in the body. stimulation.
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 includes a balloon 740 and has a fluid channel 7300, wherein the balloon 740 is set on the tube main body 710 and preferably, is set under the drainage inlet 7101, In order to avoid affecting the drainage of fluid.
  • the air bag 740 is arranged at the back section 712 of the tube and is adapted to be communicated with the fluid channel 7300, and the fluid channel 7300 extends along the back section 712 of the tube to be connected to an inflatable A flow interface 7301 , wherein the filling interface 7301 is arranged at the rear end 7122 of the tube rear section 712 . Fluid can be inflated from the fluid channel 7300 to the airbag 740 through the filling interface 7301 .
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 has an installation channel 7400, and the installation channel 7400 extends from the rear end 7122 of the tube rear section 712 to the front tube section of the tube front section 711
  • the head end 7111 and the installation channel 7400 communicate with the drainage outlet 7102 .
  • the installation channel 7400 is suitable for passing one of the installation parts 72.
  • the installation part 72 can be a guide wire, and the installation part 72 penetrates through the anti-blockage nephrostomy tube 71, so that the anti-blockage The nephrostomy tube 71 can be guided to a predetermined position in the body along the mounting part 72 .
  • the installation channel 7400 is set to be closed at the head end 7111 of the front section of the tube.
  • At least part of the installation channel 7400 may coincide with the drainage channel 7100 , for example, the installation channel 7400 may be arranged to coincide with the drainage channel 7100 at the position of the tube rear section 712 . It can be understood that, when the installation channel 7400 is not installed with the installation part 72, the installation channel 7400 can also play a drainage role.
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 includes a marking line 790, wherein the marking line 790 is set on the tube main body 710, so that the tube main body 710 can be identified when the tube is inserted to determine whether the tube is inserted.
  • the marking line 790 may be embedded in at least a portion of the tube body 710 and be visible under X-ray irradiation.
  • the marking line 790 extends from one end of the tube body 710 to the other end of the tube body 710 . It can be understood that the marking line 790 may not be a continuous line, it only needs to make the approximate position of the tube main body 710 visible under X-ray or other specific circumstances.
  • the ordinary ostomy tube A was compared with the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube B in this embodiment, and the diameters of the two tubes were the same.
  • the common fistula tube A and the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube B are respectively inserted into a 350ml mineral water bottle, and the relative postures of the mineral water bottle and the common fistula tube A and the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube B are adjusted so that most of the water is filled in the bottle
  • the ordinary ostomy tube A and the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube B can respectively conduct drainage smoothly.
  • the mineral water bottle is inserted with a syringe needle as a vent hole, and the mouth of the mineral water bottle is provided with rubber gloves to keep the seal after the ordinary fistula tube A or the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube B is inserted.
  • the amount of water in the two mineral water bottles is the same.
  • the experimental results show that: the ordinary fistula tube A cannot complete the drainage, the blood clot is blocked, and no fluid flows out; the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube B in this embodiment takes 738 seconds to complete the drainage.
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube B in this embodiment takes 28 seconds to complete the drainage. It is concluded that the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube B provided in this embodiment can reduce the probability of blockage compared with the fistula tube A.
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 and the anti-blocking set 71000 are schematically illustrated.
  • the main difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments lies in the tube main body 710 of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 .
  • the pipe main body 710 is formed with a bent portion 750.
  • the front pipe section 711 of the pipe main body 710 is bent from the head end 7111 of the pipe front section to form the bent portion 750, so as to reduce
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 will cause irritation to the human body or animal body after being accommodated in the body.
  • the tube front section 711 of the tube main body 710 of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 is bent around the tube front section head end 7111 to form the bending portion 750 .
  • the drainage groove 7200 bends following the front section 711 of the tube so that the flow path of the fluid is a curve.
  • the support wall 730 and the strut 720 forming the drainage groove 7200 are also bent, so as to facilitate separating larger blood clots into smaller blood clots.
  • the curved front tube section 711 has more advantages in separating larger blood clots into smaller blood clots.
  • the number of the drainage grooves 7200 is four, and the curved portion 750 has a curved positive side 751 and a curved back side 752, wherein the curved positive side 751 is the tube
  • the front section 711 is bent toward one side, and the curved back side 752 and the curved positive side 751 are oppositely disposed.
  • the drainage grooves 7200 are respectively the first drainage groove 7200A, the second drainage groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D, the first drainage groove 7200A, the second drainage groove 7200B, the The three drainage grooves 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D are sequentially arranged around the pillar 720 of the tube front section 711 .
  • the second drainage groove 7200B is arranged on the curved back side 752 of the curved portion 750
  • the fourth drainage groove 7200D is arranged on the curved positive side 751 of the curved portion 750
  • the first The drainage groove 7200A and the third drainage groove 7200C are oppositely arranged and located between the second drainage groove 7200B and the fourth drainage groove 7200D.
  • the drainage ends 7202 of the first drainage groove 7200A, the second drainage groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D are arranged in a stepped shape.
  • the drainage end 7202 of the second drainage groove 7200B is set closer to the The above-mentioned drainage outlet 7102.
  • the drainage ends 7202 of the first drainage groove 7200A and the third drainage groove 7200C are arranged closer to the drainage outlet 7102 . That is to say, the drainage end 7202 of the fourth drainage groove 7200D located at the curved positive side 751 of the curved portion 750 is set farthest from the drainage outlet 7102 .
  • the distance between the drainage end 7202 of the second drainage groove 7200B and the reference point is L1
  • the first drainage groove 7200A and the third drainage groove The distance between the drainage end 7202 of 7200C and the reference point is L2
  • the distance between the drainage end 7202 of the fourth drainage groove 7200D and the reference point is L3, and L1 is smaller than L2 and smaller than L3.
  • the length of the second drainage groove 7200B is set to be greater than that of the first drainage groove 7200A, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D.
  • the drainage starting ends 7201 of the first drainage groove 7200A, the second drainage groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D are arranged to be coplanar.
  • the tube front section 711 of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 is naturally bent to form the curved portion 750 and placed in the body, the second drainage groove 7200B is directly exposed, and the fourth drainage groove 7200D Much of it is concealed inside.
  • the first drainage groove 7200A and the third drainage groove 7200C are respectively located between the second drainage groove 7200B and the fourth drainage groove 7200D, and play a drainage role respectively.
  • the second drainage groove 7200B is adapted to play a main role of drainage.
  • the drainage inlet 7101 corresponding to the first drainage groove 7200A, the second drainage groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D is located at the drainage end 7202, because The height positions of the drainage ends 7202 are arranged differently, so that the drainage inlets 7101 are also arranged differently, so that it is difficult for foreign objects to block the four drainage inlets 7101 at the same time, and it is often one of the drainage inlets. 7101 is blocked, while the other drainage inlets 7101 can still maintain normal drainage, so that the anti-blocking ability of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 can be enhanced.
  • the differential arrangement of the drainage ends 7202 of the first drainage groove 7200A, the second drainage groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D here is as follows:
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
  • the tube front section 7111 of the tube front section 711 of the tube main body 710 of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 penetrates through the tube rear section tail end 7122 to form the At least part of the channel 7400 is installed.
  • the installation channel 7400 can be directly observed. In other words, the installation channel 7400 is directly exposed at the head end 7111 of the front section of the pipe.
  • the anti-blockage nephrostomy tube 71 can be directly inserted into the body along the mounting part 72 .
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 is inserted to a preset position along the mounting part 72, and after the mounting part 72 is pulled out, the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 is automatically bent at the position of the front section 711 of the tube The bent portion 750 is formed.
  • the mounting part 72 can be inserted along the mounting channel 7400 first, so that the curved front section 711 of the tube can be unfolded along the mounting part 72 into a Straight line, and then the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 is taken out from the body, so as to avoid excessive stimulation of the wound caused by the curved tube front section 711 during pulling out.
  • first drainage groove 7200A, the second drainage groove 7200B and the third drainage groove 7200C may extend to the head end 7111 of the front section of the tube.
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
  • the number of the drainage grooves 7200 is four, which are the first drainage groove 7200A, the second drainage groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D.
  • the first drainage groove 7200A, the second drainage groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D are respectively arranged in sequence along the pillar 720 .
  • a preset position between the first end 7111 of the front end of the pipe 711 and the tail end 7112 of the front end of the pipe 711 is set to be naturally bendable to form the bend 750 .
  • at least part of the front section of the tube 711 can be bent around the head end 7111 of the front section of the tube, similar to a pig's tail.
  • the drainage starting ends 7201 of the first drainage groove 7200A, the second drainage groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D are arranged in steps, wherein the first drainage groove
  • the distance from the drainage starting end 7201 of the groove 7200A to the first end 7111 of the tube front section is x
  • the distance from the drainage starting end 7201 of the second drainage groove 7200B to the front section head end 7111 of the tube is x1
  • the distance from the drainage starting end 7201 of the third drainage groove 7200C to the first end 7111 of the tube front section is x2
  • the distance from the drainage starting end 7201 of the fourth drainage groove 7200D to the front section head end 7111 of the tube is x2.
  • the drainage ends 7202 of the first drainage groove 7200A, the second drainage groove 7200B, the third drainage groove 7200C and the fourth drainage groove 7200D are set to be on the same plane.
  • the simultaneous blocking of the first drainage groove 7200A to the fourth drainage groove 7200D is reduced. probability, so that the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 is kept unblocked as much as possible.
  • the longer fourth drainage groove 7200D is arranged outside the curved portion 750 to help prevent the entire anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 from being blocked.
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments lies in the arrangement of the drainage grooves 7200 .
  • the drainage grooves 7200 are arranged in a staggered length.
  • the number of the drainage grooves 7200 is four, and the four drainage grooves 7200 are arranged at intervals on the peripheral side of the tube front section 711, and the four drainage grooves 7200 are arranged in a staggered length.
  • the four drainage grooves 7200 correspond to a separate drainage inlet 7101, in fact, two or more drainage grooves 7200 may correspond to the same drainage inlet 7101. The above-mentioned drainage inlet 7101. The same drainage groove 7200 may also branch at the tail end of the drainage groove 7200 to correspond to different drainage inlets 7101 .
  • the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.
  • the drainage groove 7200 is located at the front section of the tube 711 and extends between the head end 7111 of the front section of the tube and the tail end 7112 of the front section of the tube, and is set from the tail end 7112 of the front section of the tube. It is formed by bending toward the head end 7111 of the front section of the pipe.
  • the support wall 730 forming the drainage groove 7200 is set to be inclined.
  • the drainage groove 7200 arranged in an inclined manner may In some cases it is easier to separate the clot into smaller shapes.
  • the number of the drainage grooves 7200 can be one, two, three, four or more.
  • the drainage groove 7200 can be set to spirally extend to the tube front section 711, although for the fluid, the flow on the surface of the anti-blocking nephrostomy tube 71 is increased. distance, but also reduces the chance of jamming.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a bent state of the nephrostomy tube for drainage through the bend according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 13 .
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a straightened state when a guiding member is inserted into the curved drainage nephrostomy tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a curved drainage nephrostomy tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention, for illustrating the structure of the curved head.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the inflated state of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a bent state of the nephrostomy tube for drainage through the bend according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of
  • 18 is a schematic diagram of the end of the curved head of the curved drainage ostomy tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 19A-19E are schematic views of the use process of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 is used for nephrostomy drainage surgery, for example but not limited to, by puncturing or cutting the renal parenchyma
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube is sent to the renal pelvis to drain urine, pus and blood out of the renal pelvis.
  • the direction entering the renal pelvis of the human body is defined as anterior, and the direction located in the renal pelvis of the human body or outside the body is defined as posterior.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 has a bent state 8100 and a straightened state 8200. In the curved state 8100, the front end of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 is bent. In the straightened state 8200, the The curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 is suitable for straightening under the guidance of a guide member 82 .
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 can be straightened under the guidance of the guide 82 through the puncture Or the ostomy channel formed by cutting the renal parenchyma enters the renal pelvis, and after entering the renal pelvis of the human body, the guide 82 is withdrawn, and the end of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 returns to the curved state 8100 and bend.
  • the front end of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 changes in bending elasticity, which is related to the shape requirements of human organs during use.
  • the guide 82 is exemplified but not limited to a guide wire, an inner core or a predetermined guide 82 made in conjunction with the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 of the present invention.
  • the shape and size of the guide 82 can be designed according to the size and shape of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81. If the requirement is consistent with the existing guide wire or inner core, then The existing guide wire or inner core can be used for guidance, if not, the guide 82 that is matched with the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 needs to be manufactured separately.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 includes a curved head 811 , a balloon 812 and an extension body 813 , and the bend head 811 , the balloon 812 and the extension body 813 are sequentially arranged linearly.
  • the bending head 811 is located in front of the balloon 812
  • the extension body 813 is located behind the balloon 812 . That is to say, when in use, the bending head 811 is the part that first enters into the renal pelvis of the human body, and the extension body 813 is the part close to the outside of the human body.
  • the curved head 811 is used to be placed in the renal pelvis of the human body for drainage
  • the balloon 812 is used to be placed in the renal pelvis of the human body.
  • the position of the renal pelvis outlet of the human body is roughly fixed to the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81
  • the extension body 813 is used to be arranged in the external ureter of the human renal pelvis and communicate with an external component. That is to say, when in use, the drainage tube and the balloon 812 are located in the renal pelvis, and the extension body 813 is located in the ureter and extends to the outside of the human body.
  • the external components are exemplified but not limited to urine bags and drainage tubes.
  • the balloon 812 is used to fix the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81, or the balloon 812 is used to fix the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 at the exit position of the human renal pelvis, and the extension body 813 is used to The liquid entering the nephrostomy tube 81 is transported outward, in other words, the extension body 813 extends outside the human body along the stoma channel, and transports the liquid to the outside along the stoma channel.
  • the bending head 811 , the balloon 812 and the extension body 813 are integrally connected.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 is manufactured, the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 is formed one or more times by means of molds, blow molding, injection molding, etc., and thus one or more times
  • the bending head 811 , the balloon 812 and the extension body 813 are formed next.
  • the bending head 811 , the balloon 812 and the extension body 813 are detachably connected.
  • the bending head 811 , the balloon 812 and the extension body 813 are substantially flexibly connected linearly.
  • the bending head 811 , the balloon 812 and the delivery end are arranged sequentially from inside to outside, or in other words, from top to bottom.
  • the bending head 811 In the bending state 8100 , the bending head 811 is bent, and in the straightening state 8200 , the bending head 811 is straightened under the guidance of the guide member 82 . In other words, the straightening or bending of the bending head 811 is controlled by the action of the guiding member 82 .
  • the end of the bending head 811 is gradually narrowed, or the longitudinal section is roughly trapezoidal and the side is an arc, that is, the outer end is small and the inner side is large, or semi-elliptical, so as to facilitate the delivery of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube into the ostomy channel.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 includes a positioning line 818 for positioning the position of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 in the human body and the depth into the human body.
  • the positioning line 818 is imaged under monitoring light such as B-ultrasound or X-ray. That is to say, the position and depth of the curved drainage ostomy tube 81 can be determined by displaying the position of the positioning line 818 by means of B-ultrasound imaging or X-ray imaging, thereby assisting the operation, such as assisting medical care Personnel release operation.
  • the positioning line 818 extends along the extension body 813 , further, the positioning line 818 is integrally disposed inside the extension body 813 .
  • the extension main body 813 is integrally formed, and the positioning line 818 is preset inside the extension main body 813 .
  • the positioning line 818 integrally extends along the extension body 813 , the balloon 812 and the bending head 811 . That is to say, the positions of the bending head 811, the balloon 812 and the extension body 813 all include a part of the positioning line 818, so as to facilitate overall positioning and observation of the position of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 in the body. .
  • the balloon 812 includes an outer wall 8121 and an inner wall 8122 , and the inflatable cavity 81201 is formed between the outer wall 8121 and the inner wall 8122 .
  • the inner wall 8122 surrounds the second inner channel 81202 .
  • the air-filled cavity 81201 surrounds the outside of the second inner channel 81202 .
  • a portion of the positioning line 818 is integrally disposed on the outer wall 8121 .
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 has a guiding channel 8101, the guiding channel 8101 is located inside the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81, and the guiding channel 8101 drains the nephrostomy tube from the curved track
  • the front end of 81 extends to the rear end, so that a guide 82 passes through and guides.
  • the balloon 812 has an inflated state 81203 and an uninflated state 81204 in which the balloon 812 is inflated such that the surface of the balloon 812 protrudes spherically from the surface of the extension body 813 .
  • the balloon 812 In the non-inflated state 81204 , the balloon 812 is deflated, and the surface of the balloon 812 is substantially consistent with the surface of the extension body 813 . That is to say, in the inflated state 81203 , the balloon 812 forms an air bag and protrudes from the surface of the extension body 813 .
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 includes an inflation interface 814 and an inflation conduit 815, the inflation interface 814 communicates with the inflation conduit 815, and the inflation conduit 815 extends along the extension body 813 and communicates with the balloon 812.
  • the balloon 812 has an inflatable chamber 81201, and the inflatable conduit 815 communicates with the inflatable chamber 81201, so as to inflate the inflatable chamber 81201 through the inflatable interface 814 and the inflatable conduit 815, that is, through the inflatable In such a manner that the balloon 812 forms an inflated balloon.
  • the inflation or deflation of the balloon 812 is controlled through the inflation interface 814 and the inflation conduit 815 .
  • the inflation pipeline 815 is integrally formed by the inner side of the tube wall of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81, that is to say, the tube body forming the inflation pipeline 815 is integrally connected to the Describe the inner wall of the bend drainage nephrostomy tube 81.
  • the inflation pipe 815 is formed by an independent pipe, and is pre-embedded in the pipe wall of the extension body 813 .
  • the inflation interface 814 is disposed near the outside of the extension body 813 .
  • the bending head 811 has at least one drainage bend 81101, the drainage bend 81101 has an opening 81001, and the drainage bend 81101 communicates with the external space in the lateral direction through the opening 81001, and the drainage bend 81101 is from the The outer end of the bending head 811 extends to a predetermined position toward the rear end, and the drainage bend 81101 communicates with the balloon 812 longitudinally. It is worth mentioning that since the bending head 811 is in the bending area in the bending state 8100, that is to say, the drainage bend 81101 is in a curved shape, and the drainage bend 81101 forms a drainage bend , rather than straight-line drainage.
  • This curved drainage method can reduce the probability of direct accumulation of particles such as blood clots to a certain extent because there is no straight plane or bearing surface forming a large area.
  • the opening 81001 of the drainage bend 81101 extends along the bending head 811 , that is to say, the opening faces outward in an elongated manner.
  • the delivery path of the liquid is extended, and the effective area where the liquid can enter is expanded, that is, the liquid can flow from the drainage bend Any node position of the channel 81101 enters the interior of the bending head 811 and is further conveyed, rather than a small hole limited to one position, thereby reducing the probability of clogging at a single position.
  • the bending head 811 has a plurality of drainage bends 81101, and the plurality of drainage bends 81101 are arranged in a predetermined layout.
  • the number of drainage bends 81101 is 82, 83, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88 or more.
  • the bending head 811 has six drainage bends 81101, and the six drainage bends 81101 are distributed symmetrically about the center.
  • the six drainage bends 81101 are evenly distributed, that is to say, the volumes of the six drainage bends 81101 are approximately the same. In another embodiment of the present invention, the volumes of the drainage bends 81101 are different. Preferably, the volume of each drainage bend 81101 matches the bending direction of the bending head 811 . For example but not limited to, the volume of the drainage bend 81101 located inside the bend of the bending head 811 is larger, and the volume of the drainage bend 81101 located outside the bend of the bending head 811 is smaller, That is, the opening of the drainage bend 81101 located in the inner bend is larger than the opening of the drainage bend 81101 located in the outer bend.
  • the bending head 811 has a first inner passage 81102 for the guide member 82 to pass through for guidance.
  • the first inner channel 81102 is located approximately at the center of the bending head 811 and extends along the length direction of the bending head 811 .
  • the drainage bend 81101 is located outside the first inner channel 81102 . Furthermore, the drainage bends 81101 are distributed around the first inner channel 81102 .
  • the outer ends of the plurality of drainage bends 81101 are not directly connected to the outside, that is, the drainage bends 81101 are connected to the outside both longitudinally and laterally.
  • the ends of the guide walls 8112 that form each of the drainage bends 81101 extend radially, and have a shunting effect on the liquid that enters the ends, and have a basic separation effect on massive objects, such as blood clots.
  • the outside of the bending head 811 forms a closed conical shape. That is to say, the outer end surface of the drainage bend 81101 is not connected to the outside. Thus, it is convenient for the bending head 811 to enter the ostomy channel when it is straightened.
  • the balloon 812 has the inflatable cavity 81201 and a second inner channel 81202 , and the inflatable cavity 81201 surrounds the outside of the second inner channel so as to form an annular or spherical balloon.
  • the inflation cavity 81201 communicates with the inflation conduit 815 so as to fill the inflation cavity 81201 with gas through the inflation conduit 815 .
  • the inflation interface 814 communicates with the inflation pipeline 815 . That is to say, the inflation interface 814 , the inflation pipe 815 and the inflation cavity 81201 communicate to form an inflation channel 8102 .
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 When the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 is used, after the balloon 812 enters the predetermined position of the human renal pelvis, an inflation device is used to inflate the inflation chamber 81201 through the inflation channel to expand the balloon 812 It is fixed inside the human renal pelvis, and the bleeding is stopped by compressing the inflated air bag.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 also includes an air valve 817, and the air valve 817 is detachably connected to the inflation interface 814 in a sealed manner. That is to say, when the balloon 812 is inflated, the air valve 817 is sealed to the inflation port 814 so that the balloon 812 remains in the inflated state.
  • the air valve 817 is used to connect the inflation device to inflate the balloon or deflate the balloon.
  • the second inner channel 81202 of the balloon 812 communicates longitudinally with the bending head 811 and the extension body 813 . Further, the second inner passage 81202 communicates with the first inner passage 81102 of the bending head 811 and the drainage bend 81101 .
  • the second inner channel 81202 is used to pass through the guide 82 and transport liquid.
  • the second inner channel 81202 communicates with the first inner channel 81102 of the bending head 811 to form part of the guiding channel 8101 .
  • the second inner channel 81202 and the drainage bend 81101 of the bending head 811 form part of the delivery channel 8103 .
  • the guide member 82 guides the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 into the renal pelvis of the human body, and when the curved head 811 and the balloon 812 reach the renal pelvis of the human body, the balloon 812 is inflated so that the balloon 812 remains In the inflated state 81203.
  • the extension body 813 has a third inner channel 81301 , and the third inner channel 81301 communicates with the second inner channel 81202 longitudinally. Integral, the drainage bend 81101 , the second inner channel 81202 and the third inner channel 81301 of the bending head 811 are in communication with the delivery channel 8103 forming a whole. The first inner channel 81102 , the second inner channel 81202 and the third inner channel 81301 of the bending head 811 communicate to form the guide channel 8101 .
  • the guide member 82 passes through the third inner passage 81301, the second inner passage 81202 and the first inner passage 81102, thereby making the bending head 811 in the Stretch state 8200, and make the entire curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 in a roughly straight state, so as to enter the interior of the human renal pelvis through the stoma channel established during human surgery.
  • the liquid inside the human renal pelvis can be delivered to the outside through the drainage bend 81101 , the second inner channel 81202 and the third inner channel 81301 .
  • the extension body 813 is provided with a discharge port 816, and the discharge port 816 is used for connecting external components.
  • the drainage interface 816 is connected with a drainage tube or a urine bag.
  • the discharge interface 816 gradually increases from top to bottom, that is to say, the outer port is larger and the inner port is smaller, so as to facilitate the sealed connection of external pipes and devices.
  • the bending head 811 includes a first pipe body 8111 and a guide wall 8112 , and in the transverse direction, the guide wall 8112 radiates outward from the outer wall of the first pipe body 8111 to form the drainage bend 81101 , in the longitudinal direction, the guide wall is longitudinally extended and connected along the exterior of the first pipe body 8111 . That is to say, the guide wall 8112 divides the space outside the first pipe body 8111 to form the drainage bend 81101 .
  • the first tube body 8111 forms the first inner channel 81102 .
  • the outside of the rear end of the guide wall 8112 is connected to the balloon 812 .
  • the connecting position of the bending head 811 and the balloon 812 forms at least one communication hole 81002 , and the communication hole 81002 communicates with the second channel 81202 of the balloon 812 .
  • the connecting holes 812 are formed at the connecting positions of two adjacent guide walls and the balloon 812 .
  • the communication hole 81002 is located at the top of the balloon 812, and the communication hole 81002 is formed by the end of the guide wall 8112, that is to say, when in use, most of the liquid When entering the communication hole 812, it needs to enter the communication hole 812 after being gradually guided by the guide wall 812.
  • the guide wall 8112 has a certain degree of gradual delivery. As well as the filtering function, it is possible to prevent large-volume substances, such as blood clots, from directly reaching the communicating hole 81002 and causing blockage.
  • the bending head 811 includes a plurality of guide walls 8112, which are respectively symmetrically distributed outside the first pipe body 8111, thereby forming a plurality of drainage bends 81101 separately.
  • the plurality of drainage bends 81101 are independently connected to the second inner channel 81202 .
  • the bending head 811 includes 83 guide walls, respectively forming 83 drainage bends 81101 at intervals, and from the inside of the bend to the outside are respectively a first drainage bend and a second drainage bend Road, a third diversion bend, a fourth diversion bend, a fifth diversion bend, and a sixth diversion bend.
  • Each of the 86 drainage bends 81101 communicates with the second inner channel 81202 independently.
  • the first tube body 8111 and a plurality of guide walls 8112 can be integrally formed at one time during manufacturing, that is to say, the first tube The body 8111 and the plurality of guide walls 8112 are integrally connected at one time, and there is no obvious interface or step-by-step molding is not required.
  • the first tube body 8111 can be formed first during manufacturing and molding. Then, a plurality of guide walls 8112 are formed outside the first tube body 8111 . It is preferably integrally formed.
  • the bending head 811 forms 86 guide walls 8112 and isolates and forms 86 drainage bends 81101 as an example for illustration, but in other embodiments of the present invention,
  • the bending head 811 can also form the number and arrangement of guide walls, for example, the number of guide walls is 2, 3, 4, 5 or more, and the arrangement is an asymmetric arrangement extending longitudinally. In this respect, the present invention Not limited.
  • the bending head 811 includes at least one protective wall 8113, which is arranged at the outer end of the guide wall 8112 to prevent the end of the guide wall 8112 from directly contacting the outside, for example Therefore, it is possible to prevent the planar end of the guide wall 8112 from directly contacting the intima of human organs, causing adverse irritation or damaging the intima.
  • the protective wall 8113 is arranged on the outer end of the guide wall 8112 in an arc shape.
  • the protective wall 8113 may also have other shapes.
  • a plurality of the protective walls 8113 are respectively provided with a plurality of outer ends of the guide walls, that is to say, the number of the protective walls 8113 matches the number of the guide walls.
  • a gap 81130 is formed between two adjacent protective walls 8113, and the gap 81130 communicates with the drainage bend 81101 and the external space. That is to say, each of the drainage bends 81101 communicates with the external environment through the corresponding gap 81130 .
  • a plurality of the protective walls 8113 are arranged at intervals to form a substantially ring-shaped outer surface, that is to say, a relatively flat arc-shaped surface is formed as a whole instead of a striped spaced surface directly formed by the end surfaces of the guide walls. In other words, irritation of the guide wall is moderated by the protective wall 8113 .
  • the protective walls 8113 cover the outside of the guide walls in an arc shape, and a gap 81130 is formed between adjacent protective walls 8113, so that when the liquid can pass through, a protective guide wall tending to the circumference is formed.
  • the protective wall 8113 extends on both sides of the guide wall, that is, a substantially T-shaped structure is formed. In another embodiment of the present invention, the protective wall 8113 is alone One side extending to the guide wall, that is, the protective wall 8113 and the guide wall form an L-shaped structure, and the present invention is not limited in this respect.
  • one of the usage procedures of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 of the present invention is as follows: first, pass a guide 82 through the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 so that the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81
  • the drainage nephrostomy tube 81 is in the straightened state 8200, that is, the bending head 811 is straightened, and then the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 is guided by the guide 82 to be inserted into the renal pelvis through the ostomy channel, and the During the insertion process, the positioning line 818 can be positioned by an imaging device, so as to determine the penetration depth of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81, after the balloon 812 of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 enters the renal pelvis of the human body After inflation, the balloon 812 is inflated by the inflator, and after the balloon 812 is inflated with
  • the bending head 811 bends naturally, and then drains the fluid in the renal pelvis.
  • the guide 82 is inserted again, and the curved drainage nephrostomy tube 81 is pulled out from the body by the guide 82 .
  • 20A-20E are variations of drainage bends of the bend drainage nephrostomy tube according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube includes 82 guide walls 8112, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the first tube body 8111, two guide walls 8112 forms two drainage bends 81101, and the openings of the drainage bends 81101 are of the same size. Further, from the perspective of the cross section, the two drainage bends 81101 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the two guiding walls 8112 .
  • the protective walls 8113 are correspondingly provided on the outer sides of each of the guide walls 8112, and the gap 81130 is formed between two adjacent protective walls 8113, and the gap 81130 affects the size of the communication space with the outside.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube includes 84 guide walls 8112, which are respectively arranged outside the first tube body 8111, and the 84 guide walls 8112 84 drainage bends 81101 are formed, and the openings of the drainage bends 81101 are of the same size. Further, from the perspective of the cross section, the 84 drainage bends 81101 are distributed axisymmetrically with respect to the first pipe body 8111 .
  • the protective walls 8113 are correspondingly provided on the outer sides of each of the guide walls 8112, and the gap 81130 is formed between two adjacent protective walls 8113, and the gap 81130 affects the size of the communication space with the outside.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube includes 85 guide walls 8112, which are respectively arranged outside the first tube body 8111, and the 85 guide walls 8112 85 drainage bends 81101 are formed, and the openings of the drainage bends 81101 are of the same size. Further, from the perspective of the cross section, the 85 drainage bends 81101 are distributed symmetrically with respect to the center of the first pipe body 8111 .
  • the protective walls 8113 are correspondingly provided on the outer sides of each of the guide walls 8112, and the gap 81130 is formed between two adjacent protective walls 8113, and the gap 81130 affects the size of the communication space with the outside.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube includes 83 guide walls 8112, which are respectively arranged outside the first tube body 8111, and the 83 guide walls 8112 83 drainage bends 81101 are formed, which are respectively a first drainage bend 811011 , a second drainage bend 811012 , and a third drainage bend 811013 .
  • the opening size of the 81101 of each drainage bend is different.
  • the first diversion bend 811011 is located inside the bend, and the second diversion bend 811012 and the third diversion bend 811013 are located near the outside of the bend.
  • the opening 81001 of the first drainage bend 811011 is larger than the opening 81002 of the second drainage bend 811012, and the opening 81002 of the second drainage bend 811012 is larger than the third drainage Opening 81002 of the bend 811013. That is to say, the size of the communication space between the drainage bend 81101 and the outside is adjusted by adjusting the size of the inner space of the drainage bend 81101 .
  • the protective walls 8113 are correspondingly provided on the outer sides of each of the guide walls 8112, and the gap 81130 is formed between two adjacent protective walls 8113, and the gap 81130 affects the size of the communication space with the outside.
  • the gap 81130 formed by the protective wall 8113 of the first drainage bend 811011 is greater than the gap 81130 formed by the protective wall 8113 of the second drainage bend 811012 , and the gap 81130 formed by the second drainage bend 811012
  • the gap 81130 formed by the protective wall 8113 is larger than the gap 81130 formed by the protective wall 8113 of the third drainage bend.
  • the size of the formed gap 81130 is adjusted by adjusting the width of the protective wall 8113, thereby adjusting the size of the communication area between the drainage bend 81101 and the outside.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube includes 85 guide walls 8112, which are respectively arranged outside the first tube body 8111, and the 85 guide walls 8112 form 85 guide walls.
  • the drainage bends 81101, the openings of the drainage bends 81101 are the same size, and the gaps 81130 are different in size.
  • the 85 drainage bends 81101 are distributed symmetrically with respect to the center of the first pipe body 8111 .
  • the protective walls 8113 are correspondingly provided on the outer sides of each of the guide walls 8112, and the gap 81130 is formed between two adjacent protective walls 8113, and the gap 81130 affects the size of the communication space with the outside.
  • the gap 81130 formed by the drainage bend 81101 located on the inside of the curve is larger than the gap 81130 formed by the drainage bend 81101 located on the outer side of the curve, and a gap is formed for the drainage bend 81101 on the upper and lower sides
  • the size of 81130 is consistent.
  • the gap 81130 is greater than the gap 81130 formed by the second diversion bend, the gap 81130 formed by the second diversion bend is larger than the gap 81130 formed by the third diversion bend, the gap 81130 formed by the second diversion bend and the first diversion bend.
  • the gaps 81130 formed by the five diversion bends have the same size, and the gaps 81130 formed by the third diversion bend and the gap 81130 formed by the fourth diversion bend have the same size.
  • 21A-21B are variants of the protective wall of the bending head according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube includes 84 guide walls 8112, which are respectively arranged outside the first tube body 8111, and the 84 guide walls 8112 84 drainage bends 81101 are formed, and the openings 81001 of the drainage bends 81101 are of the same size. Further, from the perspective of the cross section, the 84 drainage bends 81101 are distributed axisymmetrically with respect to the first pipe body 8111 .
  • the protective walls 8113 are correspondingly provided on the outer sides of each of the guide walls 8112, and the gap 81130 is formed between two adjacent protective walls 8113, and the gap 81130 affects the size of the communication space with the outside.
  • the protective wall 8113 extends laterally or arcuately from the outer side of the guide wall 8112, and the plurality of protective walls 8113 extend in the same direction, for example, they all extend arcuately in the counterclockwise direction, or arcuately extend in the clockwise direction , the multiple gaps 81130 thus formed have the same size.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube includes 84 guide walls 8112, which are respectively arranged outside the first tube body 8111, and the 84 guide walls 8112 84 drainage bends 81101 are formed, and the openings 81001 of the drainage bends 81101 are of the same size. Further, from the perspective of the cross section, the 84 drainage bends 81101 are distributed axisymmetrically with respect to the first pipe body 8111 .
  • the protective walls 8113 are correspondingly provided on the outer sides of each of the guide walls 8112 . And each of the protective walls 81130 extends in one direction, that is, the protective walls 8113 extend from the guide wall 8112 to one side. And the two adjacent protective walls 8113 extend in opposite directions. Different openings and gaps are thus formed. As shown in Figure 21B, starting from the right side, clockwise, the first horizontal gap 81130 is the same as the symmetrical third gap 81130, and relatively small, and the vertical second gap 81130 and the fourth gap 81130 are the same and greater than the lateral gap.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube includes 84 guide walls 8112, which are respectively arranged outside the first tube body 8111, and the 84 guide walls 8112 84 drainage bends 81101 are formed, and the openings 81001 of the drainage bends 81101 are of the same size.
  • the protective wall 8113 is not provided, that is to say, the drainage bend 81101 directly communicates with the outside through the opening 81001 .
  • Fig. 22 is a curved drainage nephrostomy tube according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the guide wall 8112 of the bending head has at least one microhole 81120, and the microhole communicates with both sides of the guide wall 8112, that is, the microhole 81120 is through hole.
  • the microholes 81120 communicate with two adjacent drainage bends 81101 .
  • the plurality of microholes 81120 are arranged in a predetermined layout, and the plurality of microholes 81120 communicate with two adjacent drainage bends 81101, so that the two The gas and liquid of each drainage bend 81101 can be connected, therefore, the micropore 81120 further prevents the single drainage bend 81101 from forming a closed space when the layout is blocked, that is, even if there is a blood clot in a local position, The liquid or gas passing through the micropores 81120 prevents blood clots from firmly adhering to the surface of the guide wall 8112 , thereby reducing long-term blockage.
  • the microholes 81120 can be selectively provided on the guide walls 8112 , that is, not all the guide walls 8112 need to be provided with the microholes 81120 .
  • the quantity and layout of the microholes 81120 are not limited by the present invention.
  • the curved drainage nephrostomy tube with size model 18F was manufactured by 3D printing, and it was compared with the ordinary silicone nephrostomy tube of the same model 18F for drainage test.
  • 22F ordinary silicone nephrostomy tube and 22F curved drainage nephrostomy tube to drain two bottles of 350ml liquid water respectively.
  • the 22F ordinary silicone nephrostomy tube drainage completion time is 30 seconds.
  • the drainage completion time of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube of the present invention is 32 seconds.
  • the 22F silicone nephrostomy tube was blocked by a blood clot within 5 seconds, and almost no fluid was drained out.
  • the 22F curved drainage nephrostomy tube drains 50ml of fluid within 26 seconds.
  • the external drainage nephrostomy tube for surgery of the present invention has the same drainage effect as the common nephrostomy tube of the same type when draining liquid, such as pure water.
  • liquid such as pure water.
  • ordinary silicone nephrostomy tubes are easily blocked, while the surgical external drainage nephrostomy tube of the present invention has a better drainage effect and can prevent blockage to a certain extent.
  • the curved head 811 of the curved drainage nephrostomy tube according to the present invention has a plurality of drainage curved paths 81101, and the guide walls forming the drainage curved paths 81101 are radial Extending outward, that is to say, the position of drainage is formed on the entire circumference of the bending head and at different heights, and the guide wall 8112 has a certain supporting effect.
  • the blood clot When the blood clot reaches the end surface of the drainage piece, it is blocked by the drainage surface, so Even if a blood clot occurs, it will not block all the drainage areas of all drainage bends 81101, that is, it will not be completely blocked, and the ordinary nephrostomy tube, because there are only two small holes that can be entered, is easy to Completely blocked by a blood clot.

Abstract

一种防堵肾造瘘管(71)和弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中,该防堵肾造瘘管(71)包括一管主体(710)、一标记线(790)和具有至少二引流槽(7200)以及一引流通道(7100),其中该管主体(710)包括一管前段(7103)和一管后段(7104),该引流通道(7100)贯通于该管后段(7104)并且位于该管后段(7104)内部,该管前段(7103)具有一侧表面(7105)并且该侧表面(7105)的至少部分凹陷地形成该引流槽(7200),每一个该引流槽(7200)被连通于该引流通道(7100),其中该引流槽(7200)具有一引流起始端(7201)和一引流末端(7202),该引流末端(7202)相对于该引流起始端(7201)被靠近于该管后段(7104)布置,并且相邻的该引流槽(7200)中的该引流起始端(7201)和该引流末端(7202)中的至少一个存在高度差,其中该标记线(790)被配置为可识别以凸显该管主体(710)的位置。

Description

防堵肾造瘘管和弯道引流肾造瘘管 技术领域
本发明涉及到医疗器械领域,尤其涉及到一防堵肾造瘘管和一弯道引流肾造瘘管。
背景技术
肾造瘘引流是通过穿刺或切开肾实质,把导管送到肾盂内,引流尿液、脓液、血液等以及便于窦道行形成的手术。在肾造瘘引流中通常需要使用肾造瘘管,将肾造瘘管放置于肾造瘘通道预定时间。
现有的肾造瘘管主体具有一个通道,端部具有两个对称的孔,这两个孔连通内部通道,当端部被留置于肾盂内后,通过这两个孔和通道形成的输送路径将肾盂内的液体送出。
如前所述,肾盂造瘘引流通常需要引流尿液、脓液、血液等,这些液体浓度相对于普通的体液,比如尿液,浓度要大许多,甚至其中存在部分小结块,在这种情况下,在实践中发现,现有的造瘘管经常会出现堵塞的现象,对医生和患者都带来诸多不便。
一方面对于患者来说,如果不及时接触这种堵塞的情况,可能会引起肾压力过高,带来并发症。而如果经常堵塞,冲洗或者更换管道也是相对麻烦的事情。
另一方面,对于医护人员来说,其需要话更多的精力和时间去观察和管控,避免堵塞的情况出现,或者对于出现堵塞的情况需要及时处理。
另一方面,现有的肾造瘘管,其端部是一个直头,进入的孔相对较小,也就是说,引导进入的路径只有一个通孔,非常有限,这是其容易发生堵塞的根本原因。
在当前的很多治疗手段中,在进行手术之后,为了协助患者早日康复,需要使用造瘘管771P进行导流,可参考附图71所示。比如说在经皮肾镜取石术中,需要留置造瘘管771P进行引流。造瘘管771P一方面起到引流的作用,一方面由于在手术过程中或者是手术后出血,起到压迫止血的作用。
目前的造瘘管771P一般是医用橡胶制成的空心管道,管的前端被设置有通孔7710P,以导流外部的液体自该造瘘管771P内,并且引流至外部,管的前端还可以布置气囊,起到固定和压迫止血的作用。
在实际的使用过程中,造瘘管771P的引流依赖于在人体的位于管前端的通孔7710P和在体外的位于管后段的开口。很显然,如果管前端的通孔7710P发生堵塞,那么整个造瘘管771P将失去作用。比如说对于膀胱造瘘管771P而言,如果膀胱造瘘管771P堵塞或者是受压,膀胱内压力超过安全压力或引起肾积水或者是上尿路功能损害。
当该造瘘管771P发生导流不畅或者堵塞时,一般的解决方法是将造瘘管771P打折或者是反复地挤压造瘘管771P,以利用造瘘管771P内的流体反向地冲击该造瘘管771P前端的通孔7710P。这种方法虽然有一定的效果,但是由于这种类型的造瘘管771P本身设计存在的缺陷,并不能每次都能够有效地解决堵塞问题。在实际的使用过程中,参考附图1所示,较大的血块可能将整个该造瘘管771P的头部包裹,从而导致这些通孔7710P皆失去引流作用。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一防堵肾造瘘管,其中所述防堵肾造瘘管能够尽可能地保持流道的畅通,以持续地进行导流。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一防堵肾造瘘管,其中所述防堵肾造瘘管能够提供多个引流入口,以在一个所述引流入口被堵住后,另外的所述引流入口还可以继续保持引流,并且所述引流入口并没有被布置在同一个平面,以所有的所述引流入口被一同堵塞的几率。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一防堵肾造瘘管,其中所述防堵肾造瘘管能够提供至少一引流槽,以延长流体在管表面的流动距离,避免集中堵塞在表面位置。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一防堵肾造瘘管,其中每一所述引流入口被对应于一引流槽,藉由所述引流槽降低在所述引流入口位置造成堵塞的几率。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一防堵肾造瘘管,其中所述引流槽能够在起到引流作用的同时能够对于易堵塞物起到分隔的作用,以使得易堵塞物小型化,从而避免堵塞在所述引流入口位置。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一弯道引流肾造瘘管,其通过弯道引流来延长引流路径的方式来引导液体进入,从而不局限于小孔引流路径。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一弯道引流肾造瘘管,其通过开放引流的方式使得肾盂内液体从各个方向都可以进入多向引流造瘘管,而不是局限于小孔的一个方向。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一弯道引流肾造瘘管,其采用开放引流的方式引导液体,更适于浓稠或者具有粘性的或者具有小块的液体,适于肾造瘘引流手术后使用。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述弯道引流肾造瘘管设有多个引流弯道,多个所述引流弯道被间隔地设置,以通过分流的方式来减少发生堵塞的情况。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述弯道引流肾造瘘管藉由多引导壁引流的方式来分散积聚的液体以及颗粒物,降低混杂颗粒物的液体堆积于一个位置的概率,即不会或者很少发生完全堵塞的情况。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一弯道引流肾造瘘管,其包括一弯曲头,所述内置段被置于体内时端部弯曲,不存在尖端或者突出部位,从而减少对人体内器官的不良刺激作用。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一弯道引流肾造瘘管,其通过设计引流弯道的开放位置以及与内置段弯曲方向的配合来协调弯曲和导流两个方面的功能要求。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中在一个实施例中,其包括一外壁,所述外壁被设置于所述引导壁的外端,以防止引导壁的外端直接接触人体内膜,使得所述内置段可以顺利地在人体内通道通行。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述外壁呈弧形地遮盖于引导壁外部,相邻的外壁之间形成间隙,使得液体能够通行的情况下,形成趋向圆周的防护引导壁。
为了实现以上至少一优势,本发明的一方面提供一弯道引流肾造瘘管,其包括:
一弯曲头;一球囊和一延伸主体,所述弯曲头、所述球囊和所述延伸主体一体连接,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管具有一引导通道,所述引导通道适于穿过一引导件以引导所述弯道引流造瘘管进入人体肾造瘘通道,所述弯曲头具有一第一内通道和至少二引流弯道,各所 述引流弯道位于所述第一内通道的外部,所述球囊具有一充气腔和一第二内通道,所述充气腔环绕于所述第二内通道外部,所述弯曲头的所述引流弯道连通所述球囊的所述第二内通道,所述延伸主体具有一第三内通道,所述球囊的第二内通道连通所述衍射主体的所述第三内通道,所述第一内通道、所述第二内通道和所述第三内通道连通形成所述引导通道。
根据一个实施例所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述引流弯道具有一开口和一连通孔,所述开口连通外部,所述引流弯道的所述连通孔连通所述球囊的所述第二内通道。
根据一个实施例所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其包括一第一管体和多个引导壁,各所述引导壁辐射状地设置于所述第一管体的外侧,相邻的两个所述引导壁形成一所述引流弯道。
根据一个实施例所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其包括一第一管体和多个引导壁,多个所述引导壁对称地分布于所述第一管体的外部。
根据一个实施例所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述引导壁具有至少一微孔,所述微孔连通相邻的两个所述引流弯道。
根据一个实施例所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述弯曲头端部逐渐缩小。
根据一个实施例所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其包括一定位线,所述定位线沿所述延伸主体设置。
根据一个实施例所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述弯曲头包括一防护壁,所述防护壁呈弧形地被设置于所述引导壁的外部,相邻的两个所述壁之间形成一间隙,所述间隙连通所述引流弯道内部和外部空间。
根据一个实施例所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中一个所述引流弯道位于所述弯曲头的内弯道,另一个所述引流弯道位于所述弯曲头的外弯道。
根据一个实施例所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述引导壁的数量选自2、3、4、5、6或者7。
根据本发明的另一方面,本发明提供了一防堵肾造瘘管,其中所述防堵肾造瘘管包括一管主体、一标记线和具有至少二引流槽以及一引流通道,其中所述管主体包括一管前段和一管后段,所述引流通道贯通于所述管后段并且位于所述管后段内部,所述管前段具有一侧表面并且所述侧表面的至少部分凹陷地形成所述引流槽,每一个所述引流槽被连通于所述引流通道,其中所述引流槽具有一引流起始端和一引流末端,所述引流末端相对于所述引流起始端被靠近于所述管后段布置,并且相邻的所述引流槽中的所述引流起始端和所述引流末端中的至少一个存在高度差,其中所述标记线被配置为可识别以凸显所述管主体的位置。
根据本发明的一个实施例,所述防堵肾造瘘管的所述管前段被设置为弯曲形成一弯曲部,所述引流槽被布置于所述弯曲部并且沿着所述弯曲部弯曲。
根据本发明的一个实施例,所述弯曲部具有一弯曲正侧和一弯曲背侧,所述弯曲正侧是所述管前段弯曲朝向的一侧,至少一个所述引流槽被布置于所述弯曲部的所述弯曲背侧。
根据本发明的一个实施例,长度最长的所述引流槽被布置在所述弯曲部的所述弯曲背侧。
根据本发明的一个实施例,所述引流槽的数目为三个或者三个以上,各个所述引流槽的所述引流末端呈阶梯状布置。
根据本发明的一个实施例,所述管主体具有一安装通道,所述安装通道适于供安装有一安装件以贯穿所述管主体以允许所述管主体插入至预设位置。
根据本发明的一个实施例,所述肾造瘘管进一步包括一支柱和至少二支撑壁,所述支撑壁被设置为自所述支柱朝外延伸以形成所述引流槽,所述支柱和所述支撑壁形成所述管前段的至少部分。
根据本发明的一个实施例,所述肾造瘘管进一步包括一支柱和至少二支撑壁,所述支撑壁被设置为自所述支柱朝外延伸以形成所述引流槽,所述支柱和所述支撑壁形成所述管前段的至少部分并且所述安装通道贯穿于所述管前段。
根据本发明的一个实施例,所述肾造瘘管进一步包括一气囊和具有一流体通道,其中所述气囊被设置于所述管主体的所述管后段并且适于连通于所述流体通道以被充膨,所述管主体被设置有一充流接口以连通于所述流体通道。
根据本发明的一个实施例,所述肾造瘘管所述防堵肾造瘘管的所述管前段被设置为弯曲形成一弯曲部,所述引流槽被布置于所述弯曲部并且沿着所述弯曲部弯曲,其中所述弯曲部具有一弯曲正侧和一弯曲背侧,所述弯曲正侧是所述管前段弯曲朝向的一侧,至少一个所述引流槽被布置于所述弯曲部的所述弯曲背侧,其中所述引流槽的数目为三个或者三个以上,各个所述引流槽的所述引流末端呈阶梯状布置,其中所述防堵肾造瘘管进一步包括一支柱和至少二支撑壁,所述支撑壁被设置为自所述支柱朝外延伸以形成所述引流槽,所述支柱和所述支撑壁形成所述管前段的至少部分并且所述安装通道贯穿于所述管前段,其中所述防堵肾造瘘管进一步包括一气囊和具有一流体通道,其中所述气囊被设置于所述管主体的所述管后段并且适于连通于所述流体通道以被充膨,所述管主体被设置有一充流接口以连通于所述流体通道,其中所述管前段具有一管前段首端和相对的一管前段尾端,所述管后段具有一管后段首端和相对的一管后段尾端,所述管前段尾端连接于所述管后段首端,至少一个所述引流槽的所述引流末端和所述管前段尾端保持距离,其中所述管主体具有一引流入口,所述引流入口被设置于所述管前段以连通于所述引流槽和所述引流通道,其中所述引流入口被设置于所述管后段首端,并且位于所述引流槽的长度方向,或者是,所述引流入口被设置于所述支柱。
附图说明
图1是目前的一造瘘管的应用示意图。
图2A是根据本发明的一较佳实施例的一防堵肾造瘘管的示意图。
图2B是根据本发明的上述较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管的剖视示意图。
图3A和图3B分别是根据本发明的一较佳实施例的一防堵套件的应用示意图。
图4是根据本发明的另一较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管的示意图。
图5是根据本发明的另一较佳实施例的所述防堵套件的应用示意图。
图6是根据本发明的另一较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管的局部示意图。
图7是根据本发明的另一较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管的局部示意图。
图8是根据本发明的另一较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管的局部示意图。
图9是根据本发明的另一较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管的局部示意图。
图10是根据本发明的另一较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管的示意图。
图11是根据本发明的一较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管和普通造瘘管的实验对比示意图。
图12是根据本发明的上述较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管和普通造瘘管的实验效果对比示意图。
图13是根据本发明的第一个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管的弯曲状态立体示意图。
图14是图13的剖视示意图。
图15是根据本发明的第一个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管内插入引导件时的伸直状态示意图。
图16是根据本发明的第一个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管的局部放大示意图,用于说明弯曲头的结构。
图17是根据本发明的第一个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管充气状态示意图。
图18是根据本发明的第一个实施例的弯道引流造瘘管的弯曲头的端部示意图。
图19A-19E是根据本发明的第一个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管的使用过程示意图。
图20A-20E是根据本发明第一个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管的引流弯道变化实施例。
图21A-21C是根据本发明的第二个实施例的弯曲头的防护壁变形实方式。
图22是根据本发明的第三个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管。
具体实施方式
以下描述用于揭露本发明以使本领域技术人员能够实现本发明。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例,本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变型。在以下描述中界定的本发明的基本原理可以应用于其他实施方案、变形方案、改进方案、等同方案以及没有背离本发明的精神和范围的其他技术方案。
本领域技术人员应理解的是,在本发明的揭露中,术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,其仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此上述术语不能理解为对本发明的限制。
可以理解的是,术语“一”应理解为“至少一”或“一个或多个”,即在一个实施例中,一个元件的数量可以为一个,而在另外的实施例中,该元件的数量可以为多个,术语“一”不能理解为对数量的限制。
参考附图2A至3B所示,根据本发明的一较佳实施例的一防堵肾造瘘管71和一防堵套件71000被示意。
所述防堵套件71000可以包括所述防堵肾造瘘管71和至少一个安装件72,所述安装件72适于引导所述防堵肾造瘘管71进入到体内。当然可以理解的是,所述防堵肾造瘘管71在某些应用场景下也可以是直接进管的。
所述防堵肾造瘘管71在使用过程中能够尽可能地降低被堵塞地风险,以使得体内的流体顺畅地导流到体外。
详细地说,所述防堵肾造瘘管71具有至少二引流入口7101、一引流通道7100、一引流出口7102以及至少二引流槽7200,其中所述引流入口7101和所述引流出口7102被分别连通于所述引流通道7100。体内的流体适于经过所述引流入口7101进入到所述引流通道7100,然后通过所述引流出口7102离开人体。可以理解的是,流体可以是液体,液固混合物等,并不对于物质的形态做出具体限定。
所述引流槽7200适于被连通于所述引流入口7101,以将体内的流体引流到所述引流入口7101位置,然后通过所述引流入口7101进入到所述引流通道7100。
所述引流槽7200具有一定的长度,基于所述造瘘管整个尺寸的不同可以根据具体的需求被设计,比如说1~5cm。
所述防堵肾造瘘管71包括一管主体710,其中所述管主体710具有一前端7103和一后端7104,所述前端7103和所述后端7104分别是所述管主体710的两端。所述引流入口7101和所述引流出口7102形成于所述管主体710并且所述引流出口7102位于所述管主体710的所述后端7104位置。
进一步地,所述管主体710包括一管前段711和一管后段712,其中所述管前段711连接于所述管后段712,并且所述引流出口7102位于所述管主体710的所述管后段712,所述引流通道7100位于所述管主体710的所述管后段712,所述引流槽7200位于所述管主体710的所述管前段711。当所述防堵肾造瘘管71在使用时,所述管前段711适于先伸入到体内,位于所述管前段711的所述引流槽7200适于将体内的流体朝外导流至所述引流入口7101位置,然后藉由所述引流通道7100进一步地朝外引流。
详细地说,所述管前段711具有一管前段首端7111和一管前段尾端7112,其中所述管前段首端7111是所述管主体710的所述前端7103,所述管后段712具有一管后段首端7121和一管后段尾端7122,其中所述管后段尾端7122是所述管主体710的所述后端7104,其中所述管前段711的所述管前段尾端7112连接于所述管后段首端7121。
所述引流槽7200延伸于所述管前段首端7111和所述管前段尾端7112之间,可以是所述引流槽7200自所述管前段尾端7112直接朝向所述管前段首端7111延伸,可以是自所述管前段尾端7112直接朝向所述管前段首端7111延伸,也可以是所述引流槽7200的两端皆不和所述管前段首端7111或者所述管前段尾端7112接触。换句话说,所述引流槽7200的端部可以是位于所述管前段首端7111,也可以是位于所述管前段尾端7112,也可以是位于所述管前段首端7111和所述管前段尾端7112之间。
进一步地,所述管主体710具有一侧表面7105,所述管主体710的所述管前段711部分的所述侧表面7105朝内凹陷形成所述引流槽7200,所述引流槽7200直接和外部连通。所述引流槽7200沿着所述管主体710的长度方向延伸以将流体朝前引流至所述引流入口7101位置。
可以理解的是,并非一定要一个所述引流入口7101对应于一个所述引流槽7200,可以是一个所述引流入口7101对应于两个或者是更多的所述引流槽7200,也可以是一个所述引流槽7200对应于两个或者是更多的所述引流槽7200。
在本实施例中,所述引流入口7101的数目是四个,所述引流槽7200的数目是四个。可以理解的是,所述引流入口7101的数目可以是两个、三个、五个、六个或者是更多,所 述引流槽7200的数目可以是两个、三个、五个、六个或者是更多。所述防堵肾造瘘管71包括一支柱720和至少两个支撑壁730,所述支柱720和所述支撑壁730可以形成所述管前段711的至少部分,其中所述支撑壁730自所述支柱720朝外延伸而成,所述引流槽7200形成于相邻的所述支撑壁730之间。一个所述支撑壁730的横截面可以是“L”形状的,“T”形状的,本实施例中所述支撑壁730的外表面被实施为弧面,以降低对于人体组织的造成伤害的可能性。
在本实施例中,所述支撑壁730的数目是四个,保持一定的间隔以形成所述引流槽7200。
所述引流入口7101连通于所述引流槽7200,藉由多个所述引流入口7101和所述引流槽7200的布置,在流体进入到所述引流入口7101之前,需要经过所述引流槽7200。如果是较大的异物需要进入到所述引流入口7101,在进入之前可能被形成所述引流槽7200的所述支撑壁730分隔成为较小的物体,以避免堵塞在所述引流入口7101位置。另外,如果较大的异物真的将所述引流入口7101堵塞,由于所述引流入口7101的数目是多个,并且相邻的所述引流入口7101之间有所述支撑壁730分隔,因此一个所述引流入口7101被堵塞后,另一个所述引流入口7101还可以保持正常的引流,以使得整个所述防堵肾造瘘管71还可以进行正常的工作。
进一步地,在本实施例中,所述引流入口7101被设置于所述引流槽7200的端部位置,并且位于所述引流槽7200的长度方向。详细地说,沿着所述引流槽7200被引流的流体,保持着原来的传输方向就可以被引流至所述引流入口7101。如果异物较大,可以在沿着所述引流槽7200移动的过程中就被所述支撑壁730分隔,如果异物较小,可以沿着所述引流槽7200被传递,然后被直接传递至所述引流入口7101,以进入到所述引流通道7100。流体也可以直接从外部被吸入至所述引流入口7101。
更详细地说,在本实施例中,所述管后段712在所述管后段首端7121形成有一个开口71210,形成所述开口71210的所述管后段712的一围壁的周沿可以是非平面,也可以是共平面。所述管前段711的所述支柱720和所述支撑壁730在所述管后段首端7121位置分隔所述开口71210为多个所述引流入口7101,以减少所述开口71210被完全堵塞的可能性。每一个所述支撑壁730的一端可以连接于所述支柱720,另一端可以延伸至所述管后段712的内壁。可以理解的是,多个所述引流入口7101可以被布置在同一个高度,也可以是被布置在不同的高度位置。在本实施例中,至少一个所述引流入口7101被直接布置在所述管后段首端7121的所述开口71210位置,至少一个所述引流入口7101被布置在所述管后段首端7121的所述开口71210位置上方,以使得异物在进入所述引流入口7101后继续经过一段较窄的距离之后达到所述管后段首端7121的所述开口71210,从而进入到较大的所述引流通道7100内。
可以理解的是,根据本发明的另一个实施例,参考附图10所示,所述引流入口7101可以不被设置于所述引流槽7200的端部,而是可以被设置于所述支柱720或者是所述支撑壁730,暴露于所述引流槽7200的一个预设位置。换句话说,所述引流通道7100可以自所述引流出口7102沿着所述管后段712延伸至所述管后段712,也可以是延伸至所述管前段711。
进一步地,所述引流槽7200具有一引流起始端7201和一引流末端7202,所述引流起 始端7201被靠近于所述管前段711的所述管前段首端7111设置,所述引流末端7202被靠近于所述管前段711的所述管前段尾端7112设置。可以理解的是,所述引流起始端7201可以被设置于所述管前段首端7111,也可以和所述管前段首端7111保持预设的距离,以使得所述管前段711在所述管前段首端7111位置保持有光滑的表面以方便进管。
在本实施例中,至少一个所述引流槽7200的所述引流末端7202到所述管前段尾端7112的距离大于其他的一个所述引流槽7200的所述引流末端7202到所述管前段尾端7112的距离。类似于说,至少一个所述引流槽7200的靠近于所述管前段尾端7112的至少部分被封闭,以使得对于所述引流槽7200来说,流体通过所述引流入口7101进入到所述引流通道7100的位置和其他的所述引流槽7200不同。
详细地说,四个所述引流槽7200分别被称为第一引流槽7200A、第二引流槽7200B、第三引流槽7200C以及第四引流槽7200D,其中所述第一引流槽7200A的所述引流末端7202到所述管前段尾端7112的距离为x,所述第二引流槽7200B、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D的所述引流末端7202被设置于所述管前段尾端7112位置。当一个较大的异物移动至所述第一引流槽7200A的所述引流末端7202位置时,所述第一引流槽7200A可能被堵塞。而处于所述第一引流槽7200A的所述引流末端7202的旁边侧并且下方的所述第二引流槽7200B、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D的所述引流末端7202被同时堵塞的几率较小,从而尽可能地使得所述防堵肾造瘘管71保持畅通。
对于所述防堵肾造瘘管71而言,如果有一团血块沿着所述管前段711的外壁朝向所述管前段尾端7112移动,在经过所述第一引流槽7200A的所述引流末端7202时,由于对应的所述引流入口7101的吸力,所述血块的至少部分被吸住在所述第一引流槽7200A的所述引流末端7202位置,难以继续前进以堵塞其他的所述第二引流槽7200B、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D的所述引流末端7202。通过这样的方式,可以显著地降低所述防堵肾造瘘管71被完全堵塞导致无法正常导流的现象的出现。另外,本实施例中,所述防堵肾造瘘管71的所述管前段711在自然状态下被设置为竖直的,所述管前段711的长度可以被设计的较短以避免对于体内组织的刺激。
进一步地,所述防堵肾造瘘管71包括一气囊740和具有一流体通道7300,其中所述气囊740被设置于所述管主体710并且优选地,被设置于所述引流入口7101的下方,以避免对于流体的引流造成影响。
在本实施例中,所述气囊740被设置于所述管后段712并且适于被连通于所述流体通道7300,所述流体通道7300沿着所述管后段712延伸至连接于一充流接口7301,其中所述充流接口7301被布置于所述管后段712的所述管后段尾端7122。藉由所述充流接口7301流体可以自所述流体通道7300被充至所述气囊740。
进一步地,所述防堵肾造瘘管71具有一安装通道7400,所述安装通道7400自所述管后段712的所述管后段尾端7122延伸至所述管前段711的所述管前段首端7111并且所述安装通道7400连通于所述引流出口7102。所述安装通道7400适于供一个所述安装件72通过,所述安装件72可以是一导丝,藉由所述安装件72贯通所述防堵肾造瘘管71,以使得所述防堵肾造瘘管71可以沿着所述安装件72被引导至体内的预设位置。在本实施例中,所述安装通道7400在所述管前段首端7111位置被设置为封闭的,当需要将所述防堵肾造 瘘管71插入到所述安装件72时,可以将所述管前段首端7111开口71210或者是将所述管前段首端7111截去部分,以暴露所述安装通道7400,然后将所述防堵肾造瘘管71沿着所述安装件72插入至预期的位置。
所述安装通道7400的至少部分和所述引流通道7100可以是重合的,比如说所述安装通道7400在所述管后段712位置可以被布置为和所述引流通道7100重合的。可以理解的是,当所述安装通道7400没有被安装有所述安装件72后,所述安装通道7400也可以起到引流作用。
进一步地,所述防堵肾造瘘管71包括一标记线790,其中所述标记线790被设置于所述管主体710,以使得所述管主体710在进管时能够被识别以确定进管位置。举例说明,所述标记线790可以被包埋于所述管主体710的至少部分,在X光照射下可见。优选地,所述标记线790自所述管主体710的一端延伸至所述管主体710的另一端。可以理解的是,所述标记线790可以不是一条连续的线,其使得所述管主体710的大致位置在X光或者是其他特定环境下可见即可。
进一步地,进一步地,将普通的造瘘管A和本实施例中的防堵肾造瘘管B对比实验,两根管子的直径相同。
实验步骤为:
①普通造瘘管A和防堵肾造瘘管B分别插入到一个350ml的矿泉水瓶中,调整矿泉水瓶和普通造瘘管A和防堵肾造瘘管B的相对姿态以使得瓶中装了大部分水之后可以普通造瘘管A和防堵肾造瘘管B分别能够顺利地进行导流。矿泉水瓶被插有注射器针头被作为排气孔,并且矿泉水瓶口被设置有橡胶手套以保持普通造瘘管A或防堵肾造瘘管B插入之后的密封性。两个矿泉水瓶中的水量相同。
实验结果发现:普通的造瘘管A引流完成需要时间34秒;本实施例中的防堵肾造瘘管B引流完成需要时间35秒。
②和上述步骤不同之处在于矿泉水瓶中的流体,将50ml的血液加入到50ml的普通生理盐水中得到混合流体,混合流体被放置到矿泉水瓶中,静置15分钟,待血凝块形成后开始引流实验。
可参考附图11和图12所示,实验结果发现:普通的造瘘管A无法完成引流,血块堵住,无流体流出;本实施例中的防堵肾造瘘管B引流完成需要时间738秒。
③和上述步骤不同之处在于矿泉水瓶中的流体,将20ml的血液加入到80ml的普通生理盐水中得到混合流体,混合流体被放置到矿泉水瓶中,静置15分钟,待血凝块形成后开始引流实验。
实验结果发现:普通的造瘘管A完成引流需要10min,中间有段时间流量很小;本实施例中的防堵肾造瘘管B引流完成需要时间28秒。结论为,本实施例提供的防堵肾造瘘管B相对于造瘘管A能够减少堵塞的几率。
参考附图4和附图5所示,根据本发明的另一较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管71和所述防堵套件71000被示意。
本实施例和上述实施例的主要不同之处在于所述防堵肾造瘘管71的所述管主体710。
在本实施例中,所述管主体710形成有一弯曲部750,详细地说,所述管主体710的所 述管前段711自所述管前段首端7111弯曲形成所述弯曲部750,以减少所述防堵肾造瘘管71容置在体内后对于人体或者是动物体造成的刺激。
所述防堵肾造瘘管71的所述管主体710的所述管前段711绕所述管前段首端7111弯曲形成所述弯曲部750。所述引流槽7200跟随所述管前段711弯曲以使得流体的流动路径为曲线。
在这个过程中,形成所述引流槽7200的所述支撑壁730和所述支柱720也被弯曲,以有利于分隔较大的血块为较小的血块。对比于上述实施例中的处于竖直状态的所述管前段711,弯曲的所述管前段711在分隔较大的血块为较小的血块上更具有优势。
进一步地,在本实施例中,所述引流槽7200的数目是四个,并且所述弯曲部750具有一弯曲正侧751和一弯曲背侧752,其中所述弯曲正侧751是所述管前段711弯曲朝向的一侧,所述弯曲背侧752和所述弯曲正侧751被相对设置。
所述引流槽7200分别为第一引流槽7200A、第二引流槽7200B、第三引流槽7200C以及第四引流槽7200D,所述第一引流槽7200A、所述第二引流槽7200B、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D被绕所述管前段711的所述支柱720依次环绕布置。所述第二引流槽7200B被布置于所述弯曲部750的所述弯曲背侧752,所述第四引流槽7200D被布置于所述弯曲部750的所述弯曲正侧751,所述第一引流槽7200A和所述第三引流槽7200C被相对布置并且位于所述第二引流槽7200B和所述第四引流槽7200D之间。
进一步地,所述第一引流槽7200A、所述第二引流槽7200B、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D的所述引流末端7202被布置为阶梯状的。详细地说,相对于所述第一引流槽7200A、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D,所述第二引流槽7200B的所述引流末端7202被设置为更加靠近于所述引流出口7102。相对于所述第四引流槽7200D,所述第一引流槽7200A和所述第三引流槽7200C的所述引流末端7202被设置为更加靠近于所述引流出口7102。也就是说,位于所述弯曲部750的所述弯曲正侧751的所述第四引流槽7200D的所述引流末端7202被设置为距离所述引流出口7102最远。
以所述引流槽7200下方的一个位置为参考点,所述第二引流槽7200B的所述引流末端7202距离该参考点的距离为L1,所述第一引流槽7200A和所述第三引流槽7200C的所述引流末端7202距离该参考点的距离为L2,所述第四引流槽7200D的所述引流末端7202距离该参考点的距离为L3,并且L1小于L2小于L3。另外,所述第二引流槽7200B的长度被设置为大于所述第一引流槽7200A、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D。所述第一引流槽7200A、所述第二引流槽7200B、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D的所述引流起始端7201被设置为共平面的。当所述防堵肾造瘘管71的所述管前段711自然弯曲形成所述弯曲部750并且被放置在体内时,所述第二引流槽7200B被直接暴露在外,所述第四引流槽7200D的大部分被遮掩在内部。所述第一引流槽7200A和所述第三引流槽7200C分别位于所述第二引流槽7200B和所述第四引流槽7200D之间,分别起到引流作用。在四个所述引流槽7200中,所述第二引流槽7200B适于起到主要的引流作用。
另外,由于所述第一引流槽7200A、所述第二引流槽7200B、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D对应的所述引流入口7101位于所述引流末端7202位置,由于所述引流末端7202的高度位置差异化布置,使得所述引流入口7101也差异化布置,从而异 物很难一下子同时把四个所述引流入口7101同时堵住,往往是其中一个所述引流入口7101被堵住,而其他的所述引流入口7101还可以保持正常的引流,进而所述防堵肾造瘘管71的防堵能力能够得到增强。
可以理解的是,此处的所述第一引流槽7200A、所述第二引流槽7200B、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D的所述引流末端7202的差异化布置为举例说明,本发明的所述防堵肾造瘘管71并不限制于此。
参考附图6所示,根据本发明的另一较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管71被示意。
在本实施例中,所述防堵肾造瘘管71的所述管主体710的所述管前段711的所述管前段首端7111贯通于所述管后段尾端7122,以形成有所述安装通道7400的至少部分。
在所述管前段首端7111位置观察,可以直接观察到所述安装通道7400。换句话说,所述安装通道7400在所述管前段首端7111被直接暴露。在使用所述防堵肾造瘘管71时,可以直接将所述防堵肾造瘘管71沿着所述安装件72插入至体内。所述防堵肾造瘘管71沿着所述安装件72被插入到预设的位置,并且在抽出所述安装件72之后,所述防堵肾造瘘管71在所述管前段711位置自动弯曲形成所述弯曲部750。
当所述防堵肾造瘘管71需要从体内拔出时,可以先将所述安装件72沿着所述安装通道7400插入,使得弯曲的所述管前段711沿着所述安装件72展开成为直线状,然后再将所述防堵肾造瘘管71自体内取出,以避免弯曲的所述管前段711在拔出过程中对于所创口造成过多的刺激。
另外,所述第一引流槽7200A、所述第二引流槽7200B以及所述第三引流槽7200C可以延伸至所述管前段首端7111。
参考附图7所示,根据本发明的另一较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管71被示意。
在本实施例中,所述引流槽7200的数目是四个,分别为第一引流槽7200A、第二引流槽7200B、第三引流槽7200C以及第四引流槽7200D。所述第一引流槽7200A、所述第二引流槽7200B、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D分别被沿着所述支柱720依次排列。
所述管前段711的所述管前段首端7111和所述管前段尾端7112之间的一个预设位置到所述管前段首端7111被设置为可自然弯曲的以形成所述弯曲部750。详细地说,所述管前段711的至少部分能够绕所述管前段首端7111为中心弯曲,类似于猪尾巴。
所述第一引流槽7200A、所述第二引流槽7200B、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D的所述引流起始端7201被阶梯状布置的,其中所述第一引流槽7200A的所述引流起始端7201到所述管前段首端7111的距离为x,所述第二引流槽7200B的所述引流起始端7201到所述管前段首端7111的距离为x1,所述第三引流槽7200C的所述引流起始端7201到所述管前段首端7111的距离为x2,所述第四引流槽7200D的所述引流起始端7201到所述管前段首端7111的距离为x3,其中x小于x1小于x2小于x3。所述第一引流槽7200A、所述第二引流槽7200B、所述第三引流槽7200C以及所述第四引流槽7200D的所述引流末端7202被设置为处于同一个平面的。
由于所述第一引流槽7200A至所述第四引流槽7200D的所述引流起始端7201的阶梯状布置,降低了所述第一引流槽7200A至所述第四引流槽7200D同时被堵住的几率,从而尽 可能使得所述防堵肾造瘘管71保持畅通。另外,当形成有所述弯曲部750后,较长的所述第四引流槽7200D被布置在所述弯曲部750的外侧位置,以有利于防止整个所述防堵肾造瘘管71被堵塞。
参考附图8所示,根据本发明的另一较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管71被示意。
本实施例和上述实施例的区别在于所述引流槽7200的布置。在本实施例中,所述引流槽7200被长短交错地布置。
以所述引流槽7200的数目为四个,四个所述引流槽7200被间隔地布置在所述管前段711周侧,并且四个所述引流槽7200被设置为长短交错地布置。
值得一提的是,在本实施例中,四个所述引流槽7200分别对应于独自的一个所述引流入口7101,实际上,两个或者以上的所述引流槽7200可以对应于同一个所述引流入口7101。同一个所述引流槽7200也可以在所述引流槽7200尾端位置分叉以对应于不同的所述引流入口7101。
参考附图9所示,根据本发明的另一较佳实施例的所述防堵肾造瘘管71被示意。
在本实施例中,所述引流槽7200位于所述管前段711并且延伸于所述管前段首端7111和所述管前段尾端7112之间,并且被设置为自所述管前段尾端7112朝向所述管前段首端7111弯曲地延伸形成。
形成所述引流槽7200的所述支撑壁730被设置为倾斜的,当血块等附着在所述防堵肾造瘘管71的所述引流槽7200位置,藉由倾斜布置的所述引流槽7200可能在某些情况更容易将血块分隔成为较小的形状。
可以理解的是,所述引流槽7200的数目可以是一个、两个、三个、四个或者是更多。当所述引流槽7200的数目是一个时,所述引流槽7200可以被设置为盘旋地延伸于所述管前段711,虽然对于流体而言增加了在所述防堵肾造瘘管71表面流动的距离,但是也降低了堵塞的几率。
图13是根据本发明的第一个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管的弯曲状态立体示意图。图14是图13的剖视示意图。图15是根据本发明的第一个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管内插入引导件时的伸直状态示意图。图16是根据本发明的第一个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管的局部放大示意图,用于说明弯曲头的结构。图17是根据本发明的第一个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管充气状态示意图。图18是根据本发明的第一个实施例的弯道引流造瘘管的弯曲头的端部示意图。图19A-19E是根据本发明的第一个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管的使用过程示意图。
参考图13至图19E,本发明提供一弯道引流肾造瘘管81,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81用于肾造瘘引流手术,举例地但不限于,通过穿刺或切开肾实质,把所述弯道引流肾造瘘管送到肾盂内,引流尿液、脓液、血液流出肾盂。
为了便于说明,定义进入人体肾盂内的方向为前,以位于人体肾盂或者身体外部的方向为后。
所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81具有一弯曲状态8100和一伸直状态8200,在所述弯曲状态8100,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81前端弯曲,在所述伸直状态8200,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81适于在一引导件82的引导作用下伸直。也就是说,在使用时,当需要经由人体尿道进入 肾盂放置所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81时,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81能够在所述引导件82的引导下伸直经由穿刺或者切开肾实质而形成的造瘘通道进入肾盂内,并且在进入人体肾盂后,所述引导件82被抽离,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81的端部恢复所述弯曲状态8100而变弯曲。换句话说,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81的前端部是弯曲弹性变化,该变化与使用时的人体器官形态需求相关。
所述引导件82举例地但不限于导丝、内芯或者是配合本发明的所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81而制作的预定引导件82。换句话说,在实际制造时,可以依据所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81的尺寸和形态配合设计所述引导件82的形状和尺寸,如果需求和现有的导丝或者内芯一致,则可以利用现有的导丝或者内芯进行引导,如果不一致,则需要单独制造和所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81配合的引导件82。
所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81包括一弯曲头811、一球囊812和一延伸主体813,所述弯曲头811、所述球囊812和所述延伸主体813依次呈线型排布。所述弯曲头811位于所述球囊812的前方,所述延伸主体813位于所述球囊812的后方。也就是说,在使用时,所述弯曲头811是先进入人体肾盂内部的部分,所述延伸主体813是靠近人体外部的部分。
从所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81被使用时和人体器官的相对位置关系来说,所述弯曲头811用于被设置于人体的肾盂内进行引流,所述球囊812用于被设置于人体的肾盂出口位置大致固定所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81,所述延伸主体813用于设置于人体肾盂外输尿管以及连通一外部部件。也就是说,在使用时,所述引流管和所述球囊812位于所述肾盂内,所述延伸主体813位于输尿管内以及延伸至人体外。所述外部部件举例地但不限于尿袋、引流管。
从所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81各部分的功能来说,所述弯曲头811用于引导液体进入所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81,或者说所述弯曲头811用于将人体肾盂内的液体向外引导。所述球囊812用于固定所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81,或者说所述球囊812用于在人体肾盂出口位置固定所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81,所述延伸主体813用于将进入所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81内的液体向外输送,换句话说,所述延伸主体813沿造瘘通道延伸至人体外,并且沿着造瘘通道输送液体至外部。
在本发明的一个实施例中,所述弯曲头811、所述球囊812和所述延伸主体813一体地连接。举例地但不限于,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81在制造时,借助模具或者吹塑、注塑成型等方式一次或多次形成所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81,并且由此一次或多次形成所述弯曲头811、所述球囊812和所述延伸主体813。在本发明的另一个实施例中,所述弯曲头811、所述球囊812和所述延伸主体813可拆卸地连接。
所述弯曲头811、所述球囊812和所述延伸主体813大致柔性地线性连接。所述弯曲头811、所述球囊812和所述输送端依次由内向外排布,或者说由上至下排布。
在所述弯曲状态8100,所述弯曲头811弯曲,在所述伸直状态8200,所述弯曲头811在所述引导件82的引导作用下伸直。换句话说,藉由所述引导件82的作用来控制所述弯曲头811的伸直或者弯曲。
进一步,所述弯曲头811端部逐渐缩小,或者说纵向截面呈大致梯形的边为弧线,即,外端小、内侧大,或者半椭圆,从而便于输送所述弯道引流肾造瘘管进入造瘘通道。
所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81包括一定位线818,所述定位线818用于定位所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81在人体内的位置以及进入人体深度。所述定位线818在B超或者X光等监测光线下成像。也就是说,可以通过B超成像或者X光成像的方式,通过显示所述定位线818的位置来确定所述弯道引流造瘘管81进入的位置和深度,从而辅助手术的进行,比如辅助医护人员的放管操作。
所述定位线818沿所述延伸主体813延伸,更进一步,所述定位线818被一体地设置于所述延伸主体813内部。举例地但不限于,在制造所述弯道引流造瘘管81时,一体成型形成所述延伸主体813,并且在所述延伸主体813内部预设所述定位线818。进一步,所述定位线818沿所述延伸主体813、所述球囊812以及所述弯曲头811一体延伸。也就是说,所述弯曲头811、所述球囊812和所述延伸主体813所在位置都包括部分所述定位线818,以便于整体定位观察所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81在体内的位置。
参考图14,所述球囊812包括一外壁8121和一内壁8122,所述外壁8121和所述内壁8122之间形成所述充气腔81201。所述内壁8122环绕形成所述第二内通道81202。所述充气腔81201环绕于所述第二内通道81202的外部。所述定位线818的部分被一体地设置于所述外壁8121。
所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81具有一导引通道8101,所述导引通道8101位于所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81的内部,所述导引通道8101自所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81的前端延伸至后端,以便于一引导件82穿过引导。
所述球囊812具有一充气状态81203和一未充气状态81204,在所述充气状态81203所述球囊812膨胀,使得所述球囊812的表面球形地突出于所述延伸主体813的表面。在所述未充气状态81204,所述球囊812收缩,所述球囊812的表面和所述延伸主体813表面大致一致。也就是说,在所述充气状态81203,所述球囊812形成气囊而突出于所述延伸主体813的表面。
所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81包括一充气接口814和一充气管道815,所述充气接口814连通所述充气管道815,所述充气管道815沿所述延伸主体813延伸连通至所述球囊812。所述球囊812具有一充气腔81201,所述充气管道815连通所述充气腔81201,以便于通过所述充气接口814和所述充气管道815向所述充气腔81201充气,即,通过充气的方式使得所述球囊812形成充气的球囊。换句话说,通过所述充气接口814和所述充气管道815控制所述球囊812的充气或者放气。
在本发明的一个实施例中,所述充气管道815由所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81的管壁内侧一体成型而成,也就是说,形成所述充气管道815的管体一体连接于所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81的内壁。在本发明的另一个实施例中,所述充气管道815由一独立管道形成,并且被预埋于所述延伸主体813的管壁内。所述充气接口814被设置于所述延伸主体813的靠近外部位置。
所述弯曲头811具有至少一引流弯道81101,所述引流弯道81101具有一开口81001,所述引流弯道81101通过所述开口81001在横向连通外部空间,所述引流弯道81101自所述弯曲头811外端向后端延伸至预定位置,所述引流弯道81101纵向连通所述球囊812。值得一提的是,由于所述弯曲头811在所述弯曲状态8100处于弯区,也就是说,所述引流弯 道81101都是随之呈弯曲形态,所述引流弯道81101形成引流弯道,而非直线的引流。这种弯曲引流的方式,由于没有形成较大区域的直线平面或者说承载面,因此在一定程度上可以减少血块等颗粒物直接堆积的概率。所述引流弯道81101的所述开口81001沿所述弯曲头811延伸,也就是说,以延长的方式开口朝向外面。
还值得一提的是,藉由本发明的所述弯曲头811的弯道引流的方式,延长了液体的输送路径,以及扩大液体可以进入的有效区域,也就是说,液体可以从所述引流弯道81101的任何节点位置进入所述弯曲头811内部,并且进一步被输送,而不是限于一个位置的小孔,从而降低单一位置发生堵塞的概率。
根据本发明的实施例,所述弯曲头811具有多个所述引流弯道81101,多个所述引流弯道81101按预定布局排布。举例地但不限于,所述引流弯道81101的数量为82、83、83、85、86、87、88或者以上。
在本发明的这个实施例中,所述弯曲头811具有六个引流弯道81101,六个所述引流弯道81101呈中心对称地分布。
进一步,在本发明的这个实施例中,六个所述引流弯道81101均匀地分布,也就是说,六个所述引流弯道81101的体积大致相同。在本发明的另一个实施例中,各所述引流弯道81101的体积不同,优选地,各所述引流弯道81101的体积与所述弯曲头811的弯曲方向配合。举例地但不限于,位于所述弯曲头811的弯道内部的所述引流弯道81101的体积较大,位于所述弯曲头811的外弯道的所述引流弯道81101的体积较小,即,位于内弯道的所述引流弯道81101的开口大于位于外弯道的所述引流弯道81101的开口。
参考图14,图16,所述弯曲头811具有一第一内通道81102,所述第一内通道81102用于所述引导件82穿过进行引导。所述第一内通道81102位于所述弯曲头811大致中心位置,沿所述弯曲头811长度方向延伸。所述引流弯道81101位于所述第一内通道81102的外部。更进一步,所述引流弯道81101环绕分布于所述第一内通道81102的周围。
参考图18,在本发明的这个实施例中,多个所述引流弯道81101的外端不直接连通外部,也就是说,所述引流弯道81101沿纵向和横向都连通外部。形成各各所述引流弯道81101的所述引导壁8112端部呈辐射状延伸,对端部进入的液体具有分流作用,且对于块状的物体,如血块具有基本分隔作用。
在本发明的另一个实施例中,所述弯曲头811的外部形成封闭的圆锥型。也就是说,所述引流弯道81101的外端面不连通外部。由此方便所述弯曲头811在伸直时进入造瘘通道。
参考图14,所述球囊812具有所述充气腔81201和一第二内通道81202,所述充气腔81201环绕于所述第二内通道外部,以便于形成环状或者趋向球状的气囊。所述充气腔81201连通所述充气管道815,以便于通过所述充气管道815向所述充气腔81201充入气体。所述充气接口814连通所述充气管道815。也就是说,所述充气接口814、所述充气管道815和所述充气腔81201连通形成一充气通道8102。当所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81被使用时,待所述球囊812进入人体肾盂预定位置后,通过一充气装置经由所述充气通道向所述充气腔81201充气使得所述球囊812膨胀而被固定于人体肾盂内部,并且藉由膨胀的气囊压迫止血。所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81还包括一气阀817,所述气阀817可拆卸地密封连接于所述充气 接口814。也就是说,当所述球囊812被充气后,所述气阀817密封于所述充气接口814,使得所述球囊812保持于膨胀的所述充气状态。所述气阀817用于连接充气装置对所述球囊进行充气或者对所球囊进行放气。
所述球囊812的所述第二内通道81202纵向连通所述弯曲头811和所述延伸主体813。进一步,所述第二内通道81202连通所述弯曲头811的所述第一内通道81102和所述引流弯道81101。
换句话说,所述第二内通道81202用于穿过所述引导件82和输送液体。所述第二内通道81202连通所述弯曲头811的所述第一内通道81102形成部分所述导引通道8101。所述第二内通道81202和所述弯曲头811的所述引流弯道81101形成部分输送通道8103。
在使用所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81时,在所述球囊812处于所述未充气状态81204,以及所述弯曲头811被所述引导件82处于伸直状态8200时,由所述引导件82引导所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81进入人体肾盂内部,当所述弯曲头811和所述球囊812到达人体的肾盂内后,向所述球囊812充气使得所述球囊812保持于所述充气状态81203。
参考图14,所述延伸主体813具有一第三内通道81301,所述第三内通道81301纵向连通所述第二内通道81202。整体地,所述弯曲头811的所述引流弯道81101、所述第二内通道81202和所述第三内通道81301连通形成整体的所述输送通道8103。所述弯曲头811的所述第一内通道81102、所述第二内通道81202和所述第三内通道81301连通形成所述导引通道8101。也就是说,在引导时,所述引导件82穿过所述第三内通道81301、所述第二内通道81202和所述第一内通道81102,由此使得所述弯曲头811处于所述伸直状态8200,并且使得整个所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81处于大致伸直状态,从而经由在人体手术时建立的造瘘通道进入人体肾盂内部。在使用排液时,人体肾盂内部液体可以经由所述引流弯道81101、所述第二内通道81202和所述第三内通道81301输送至外部。
所述延伸主体813设有一排放接口816,所述排放接口816用于连接外部部件。举例地但不限于,所述排放接口816连接引流管或尿袋。所述排放接口816由上至下呈逐渐增大趋势,也就是说,外端口大,内侧小,从而方便密封的连接外部管道和装置。
参考图13,所述弯曲头811包括一第一管体8111和一引导壁8112,在横向,所述引导壁8112自所述第一管体8111外壁向外辐射延伸形成所述引流弯道81101,在纵向,所述引导壁沿所述第一管体8111外部纵向延伸连接。也就是说,所述引导壁8112将所述第一管体8111外部的空间分隔形成所述引流弯道81101。所述第一管体8111形成所述第一内通道81102。所述引导壁8112后端外侧连接于所述球囊812。
参考图14和图16,所述弯曲头811和所述球囊812的连接位置形成至少一连通孔81002,所述连通孔81002连通所述球囊812的第二通道81202。更进一步,相邻的两个所述引导壁和所述球囊812的连接位置形成所述连通孔812。值得一提的是,所述连通孔81002位置于所述球囊812的顶端,且所述连通孔81002由所述引导壁8112的端部形成,也就是说,在使用时,大部分液体在进入所述连通孔812时,需要进入所述引导壁812的逐渐引导作用后才进入所述连通孔812,因此对于所述连通孔812所在位置的液体,所述引导壁8112具一定的逐渐输送以及过滤作用,防止较大体积的物质,如血块直接到达所述连通孔81002而发生堵塞。
所述弯曲头811包括多个所述引导壁8112,分别对称地分布于所述第一管体8111的外部,由此分隔形成多个所述引流弯道81101。多个所述引流弯道81101各自独立地连通于所述第二内通道81202。根据本发明的这个实施例,所述弯曲头811包括83个引导壁,分别间隔形成83个所述引流弯道81101,自弯曲内部向外分别为一第一引流弯道、一第二引流弯道、一第三引流弯道、一第四引流弯道、一第五引流弯道、一第六引流弯道。86个所述引流弯道81101各自独立地连通所述第二内通道81202。
值得的一提的是,在本发明的一个实施例中,在制造成型时,可以一次一体成型所述第一管体8111和多个所述引导壁8112,也就是说,所述第一管体8111和所述多个引导壁8112一次性一体连接,并没有明显的接口或者不需要分步骤成型,在另一个实施例中,在制造成型时,可以先形成所述第一管体8111,而后在所述第一管体8111的外部形成多个所述引导壁8112。优选为一体成型方式。需要说明的是,在本发明的这个实施中,以所述弯曲头811形成86个引导壁8112以及隔离形成86个引流弯道81101为例来进行说明,但是在本发明的其它实施例中,所述弯曲头811还可以形成其数量和排布方式的引导壁,比如引导壁数量为2、3、4、5以及以上,排布方式为纵向延伸的非对称排布,本发明在这方面并不限制。
进一步,根据本发明的实施例,所述弯曲头811包括至少一防护壁8113,所述被设置于所述引导壁8112的外端,以防止所述引导壁8112的端部直接接触外部,举例地,防止所述引导壁8112的平面端部直接接触人体器官内膜,引起不良刺激反应或者损伤内膜。
优选地,所述防护壁8113呈弧形地设置于所述引导壁8112的外端。在本发明的其它实施例中,所述防护壁8113还可以是其它形状。
根据本发明的这个实施中,多个所述防护壁8113分别被设置多个所述引导壁外端,也就是说,所述防护壁8113的数量和所述引导壁的数量配合。相邻的两个所述防护壁8113之间形成一间隙81130,所述间隙81130连通所述引流弯道81101和外部空间。也就是说,各所述引流弯道81101通过对应的所述间隙81130连通外部环境。
多个所述防护壁8113间隔地布置形成一大致环形的外表面,也就是说,整体形成一个相对平整的弧形表面,而不是引导壁端面直接形成的条纹状间隔表面。换句话说,通过所述防护壁8113来缓和所述引导壁的刺激。所述防护壁8113呈弧形地遮盖于引导壁外部,相邻的防护壁8113之间形成间隙81130,使得液体能够通行的情况下,形成趋向圆周的防护引导壁。
在本发明的一个实施例中,所述防护壁8113延伸于所述引导壁的两侧,即,形成一个大致T型的结构,在本发明的另一个实施例中,所述防护壁8113单向延伸于所述引导壁的一侧,即,所述防护壁8113和所述引导壁形成L型结构,本发明在这方面并不限制。
参考图19A-19E,本发明的所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81的其中一种使用过程为:首先,通过一引导件82穿过所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81,使得所述弯道引流造瘘管81处于所述伸直状态8200,即,使得所述弯曲头811伸直,之后,通过所述引导件82引导所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81经由造瘘通道插入肾盂,并且在插入的过程中,可以通过影像装置定位所述定位线818,从而确定所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81的进入深度,待所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81的所述球囊812进入人体肾盂内后,通过充气装置向所述球囊812充气,待所述球囊812充 入预定气体到达所述充气状态后,而后拔出所述引导件82,使得所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81处于所述弯曲状态8100,即,所述弯曲头811自然弯曲,而后引流肾盂内液体出来。当所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81使用完毕后,再次插入所述引导件82,并且藉由所述引导件82将所述弯道引流肾造瘘管81从体内拔出。
图20A-20E是根据本发明第一个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管的引流弯道变化实施例。
参考图20A,在本发明的这个实施例中,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管包括82个所述引导壁8112,分别被设置于所述第一管体8111两侧,两个所述引导壁8112形成两个所述引流弯道81101,各所述引流弯道的81101的开口大小相同。进一步,从横截面上来看,两个所述引流弯道81101对称分布于两个所述引导壁8112两侧。各所述引导壁8112外侧对应地设有所述防护壁8113,相邻的两个所述防护壁8113之间形成所述间隙81130,所述间隙81130影响与外部连通空间区域的大小。
参考图20B,在本发明的这个实施例中,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管包括84个所述引导壁8112,分别被设置于所述第一管体8111外侧,84个所述引导壁8112形成84个所述引流弯道81101,各所述引流弯道的81101的开口大小相同。进一步,从横截面上来看,84个所述引流弯道81101关于所述第一管体8111轴对称地分布。各所述引导壁8112外侧对应地设有所述防护壁8113,相邻的两个所述防护壁8113之间形成所述间隙81130,所述间隙81130影响与外部连通空间区域的大小。
参考图20C,在本发明的这个实施例中,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管包括85个所述引导壁8112,分别被设置于所述第一管体8111外侧,85个所述引导壁8112形成85个所述引流弯道81101,各所述引流弯道的81101的开口大小相同。进一步,从横截面上来看,85个所述引流弯道81101关于所述第一管体8111中心对称地分布。各所述引导壁8112外侧对应地设有所述防护壁8113,相邻的两个所述防护壁8113之间形成所述间隙81130,所述间隙81130影响与外部连通空间区域的大小。
参考图20D,在本发明的这个实施例中,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管包括83个所述引导壁8112,分别被设置于所述第一管体8111外侧,83个所述引导壁8112形成83个所述引流弯道81101,分别为第一引流弯道811011,一第二引流弯道811012、一第三引流弯道811013。各所述引流弯道的81101的开口大小不同。进一步,所述第一引流弯道811011位于弯道内侧,所述第二引流弯道811012和所述第三引流弯道811013位于靠近弯道外侧位置。在本发明的这个实施例中,所述第一引流弯道811011的开口81001大于所述第二引流弯道811012的开口81002,所述第二引流弯道811012的开口81002大于所述第三引流弯道811013的开口81002。也就是说,通过调整所述引流弯道81101的内部空间大小来调整所述引流弯道81101与外部的连通空间大小。
各所述引导壁8112外侧对应地设有所述防护壁8113,相邻的两个所述防护壁8113之间形成所述间隙81130,所述间隙81130影响与外部连通空间区域的大小。相应地,所述第一引流弯道811011的所述防护壁8113形成的间隙81130大于所述第二引流弯道811012的所述防护壁8113形成的间隙81130,所述第二引流弯道811012的所述防护壁8113形成的间隙81130大于所述第三引流弯道的所述防护壁8113形成的间隙81130。
参考图20E,在本发明的这个实施例中,通过调整所述防护壁8113的宽度来调整形成 的所述间隙81130的大小,由此来调整所述引流弯道81101与外部连通区域的大小。
在本发明的这个实施例中,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管包括85个所述引导壁8112,分别被设置于所述第一管体8111外侧,85个所述引导壁8112形成85个所述引流弯道81101,各所述引流弯道的81101的开口大小相同,且所述间隙81130大小不同。进一步,从横截面上来看,85个所述引流弯道81101关于所述第一管体8111中心对称地分布。各所述引导壁8112外侧对应地设有所述防护壁8113,相邻的两个所述防护壁8113之间形成所述间隙81130,所述间隙81130影响与外部连通空间区域的大小。
图中从右至左,分别对应弯道内侧和外侧。位于弯道内侧所述引流弯道81101形成的所述间隙81130大于位于外侧弯道的所述引流弯道81101形成的所述间隙81130,且对于上下两侧的所述引流弯道81101形成间隙81130的大小一致。即,从右侧开始,顺时针定义为第一引流弯道、第二引流弯道、第三引流弯道、第四引流弯道、第五引流弯道,所述第一引流弯道形成的间隙81130大于第二引流弯道形成的间隙81130,所述第二引流弯道形成的间隙81130大于第三引流弯道形成的间隙81130,所述第二引流弯道形成的间隙81130和所述第五引流弯道形成的间隙81130大小相同,所述第三引流弯道形成间隙81130和所述第四引流弯道形成的间隙81130大小相同。
图21A-21B是根据本发明的第二个实施例的弯曲头的防护壁变形实方式。
参考图21A,在本发明的这个实施例中,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管包括84个所述引导壁8112,分别被设置于所述第一管体8111外侧,84个所述引导壁8112形成84个所述引流弯道81101,各所述引流弯道的81101的开口81001大小相同。进一步,从横截面上来看,84个所述引流弯道81101关于所述第一管体8111轴对称地分布。
各所述引导壁8112外侧对应地设有所述防护壁8113,相邻的两个所述防护壁8113之间形成所述间隙81130,所述间隙81130影响与外部连通空间区域的大小。
所述防护壁8113自所述引导壁8112外侧横向或者弧形地延伸,且多个所述防护壁8113延伸方向一致,如,都是沿逆时针方向弧形延伸,或者顺时针方向弧形延伸,由此形成的多个所述间隙81130的大小相同。
参考图21B,在本发明的这个实施例中,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管包括84个所述引导壁8112,分别被设置于所述第一管体8111外侧,84个所述引导壁8112形成84个所述引流弯道81101,各所述引流弯道的81101的开口81001大小相同。进一步,从横截面上来看,84个所述引流弯道81101关于所述第一管体8111轴对称地分布。
各所述引导壁8112外侧对应地设有所述防护壁8113。且各所述防护壁81130单向的延伸,也就是说,所述防护壁8113自所述引导壁8112向一侧延伸。且相邻的两个所述防护壁8113延伸方向相反。由此形成不同的开口和间隙。如图21B,由右侧开始,顺时针方向,横向的第一个间隙81130与对称的第三个间隙81130相同,且相对较小,纵向的第二个间隙81130和第四个间隙81130相同且大于横向的间隙。
参考图21C,在本发明的这个实施例中,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管包括84个所述引导壁8112,分别被设置于所述第一管体8111外侧,84个所述引导壁8112形成84个所述引流弯道81101,各所述引流弯道的81101的开口81001大小相同。在本发明的这个实施例中,没有设置所述防护壁8113,也就是说,所述引流弯道81101通过所述开口81001直接连通外 部。
图22是根据本发明的第三个实施例的弯道引流肾造瘘管。
在本发明的这个实施例中,所述弯曲头的所述引导壁8112具有至少一微孔81120,所述微孔连通所述引导壁8112的两侧,也就是说,所述微孔81120是通孔。所述微孔81120连通相邻的两个所述引流弯道81101。
值得一提的是,在本发明的这个实施例中,多个所述微孔81120按预定布局排列,多个所述微孔81120连通相邻两个所述引流弯道81101,使得所述两个引流弯道81101的气体和液体都可以连通,因此,所述微孔81120进一步避免单独的所述引流弯道81101在发生布局堵塞时形成封闭空间,也就是说,即使有局部位置存在血块,通过所述微孔81120通过的液体或者气体,使得血块不会牢固粘附于引导壁8112的表面,从而减少长时间的堵塞情况。
在本发明的一个实施例中,所述微孔81120可以被选择地设置于所述引导壁8112,也就是说,并不是所有的所述引导壁8112都需要设置所述微孔81120。所述微孔81120的数量和布局方式并不是本发明的限制。
普通肾造瘘管和本发明的所述弯道引流肾造瘘管的使用效果试验对比:
通过3D打印的方式制造尺寸型号为18F的弯道引流肾造瘘管,将其与相同型号18F的普通硅胶肾造瘘管进行引流试验对比。
1、纯水引流对比。
用22F的普通硅胶肾造瘘管和22F的弯道引流肾造瘘管分别引流两瓶350ml的液体水。22F的普通硅胶肾造瘘管引流完成时间为30秒。本发明的弯道引流肾造瘘管的引流完成时间是32秒。
2、含血块的生理盐水引流对比。
将50ml血液加入50ml普通生理盐水中,静置15分钟,待血凝块形成后开始引流实验。
22F硅胶肾造瘘管在5秒内被血凝块堵住,几乎没有液体引流出来。
22F弯道引流肾造瘘管在26秒内引流出50ml液体。
通过对比试验可以发现,本发明的手术用外引流肾造瘘管与同型号的普通肾造瘘管在引流液体时的引流效果相当,比如纯水。但是对于含凝血的液体,尤其当凝血较多时,普通硅胶肾造瘘管很容易被堵塞,而本发明的手术用外引流肾造瘘管具有较好的引流效果,能够在一定程度上预防堵塞。值得一提的是,基于本发明的所述弯道引流肾造瘘管的所述弯曲头811具有多个所述引流弯道81101,且形成所述引流弯道81101的所述引导壁呈辐射状向外延伸,也就是说,在所述弯曲头的整个周侧以及不同高度都形成引流的位置,且引导壁8112具有一定的支撑作用,当血块到达引流片端面时,被引流面阻挡,因此即使出现血块,也不会封堵所有引流弯道81101的所有引流区域,即不会出现完全被堵死的现象,而普通的肾造瘘管,由于只有两个可以进入的小孔,其很容易被血块完全封堵。
本领域的技术人员应理解,上述描述及附图中所示的本发明的实施例只作为举例而并不限制本发明。本发明的目的已经完整并有效地实现。本发明的功能及结构原理已在实施例中展示和说明,在没有背离所述原理下,本发明的实施方式可以有任何变形或修改。

Claims (20)

  1. 一防堵肾造瘘管,其特征在于,包括一管主体、一标记线和具有至少二引流槽以及一引流通道,其中所述管主体包括一管前段和一管后段,所述引流通道贯通于所述管后段并且位于所述管后段内部,所述管前段具有一侧表面并且所述侧表面的至少部分凹陷地形成所述引流槽,每一个所述引流槽被连通于所述引流通道,其中所述引流槽具有一引流起始端和一引流末端,所述引流末端相对于所述引流起始端被靠近于所述管后段布置,并且相邻的所述引流槽中的所述引流起始端和所述引流末端中的至少一个存在高度差,其中所述标记线被配置为可识别以凸显所述管主体的位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防堵肾造瘘管,其中所述防堵肾造瘘管的所述管前段被设置为弯曲形成一弯曲部,所述引流槽被布置于所述弯曲部并且沿着所述弯曲部弯曲。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防堵肾造瘘管,其中所述弯曲部具有一弯曲正侧和一弯曲背侧,所述弯曲正侧是所述管前段弯曲朝向的一侧,至少一个所述引流槽被布置于所述弯曲部的所述弯曲背侧。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的防堵肾造瘘管,其中长度最长的所述引流槽被布置在所述弯曲部的所述弯曲背侧。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的防堵肾造瘘管,其中所述引流槽的数目为三个或者三个以上,各个所述引流槽的所述引流末端呈阶梯状布置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的防堵肾造瘘管,其中所述管主体具有一安装通道,所述安装通道适于供安装有一安装件以贯穿所述管主体以允许所述管主体插入至预设位置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的防堵肾造瘘管,进一步包括一支柱和至少二支撑壁,所述支撑壁被设置为自所述支柱朝外延伸以形成所述引流槽,所述支柱和所述支撑壁形成所述管前段的至少部分。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的防堵肾造瘘管,进一步包括一支柱和至少二支撑壁,所述支撑壁被设置为自所述支柱朝外延伸以形成所述引流槽,所述支柱和所述支撑壁形成所述管前段的至少部分并且所述安装通道贯穿于所述管前段。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的防堵肾造瘘管,进一步包括一气囊和具有一流体通道,其中所述气囊被设置于所述管主体的所述管后段并且适于连通于所述流体通道以被充膨,所述管主体被设置有一充流接口以连通于所述流体通道。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的防堵肾造瘘管,其中所述防堵肾造瘘管的所述管前段被设置为弯曲形成一弯曲部,所述引流槽被布置于所述弯曲部并且沿着所述弯曲部弯曲,其中所述弯曲部具有一弯曲正侧和一弯曲背侧,所述弯曲正侧是所述管前段弯曲朝向的一侧,至少一个所述引流槽被布置于所述弯曲部的所述弯曲背侧,其中所述引流槽的数目为三个或者三个以上,各个所述引流槽的所述引流末端呈阶梯状布置,其中所述防堵肾造瘘管进一步包括一支柱和至少二支撑壁,所述支撑壁被设置为自所述支柱朝外延伸以形成所述引流槽,所述支柱和所述支撑壁形成所述管前段的至少部分并且所述安装通道贯穿于所述管前段,其中所述防堵肾造瘘管进一步包括一气囊和具有一流体通道,其中所述气囊被设置于所述管主体的所述管后段并且适于连通于所述流体通道以被充膨,所述管主体被设置有一充流接口以连通于所述流体通道,其中所述管前段具有一管前段首端和相对的一管前段尾端,所述管后段具有一管后段首端和相对的一管后段尾端,所述管前段尾端连接于所述管后段首端,至少一个所述引流槽的所述引流末端和所述管前段尾端保持距离,其中所述管主体具有一引流入口,所述引流入口被设置于所述管前段以连通于所述引流槽和所述引流通道,其中所述引流入口被设置于所述管后段首端,并且位于所述引流槽的长度方向,或者是,所述引流入口被设置于所述支柱。
  11. 一弯道引流肾造瘘管,其特征在于,包括:
    一弯曲头;一球囊和一延伸主体,所述弯曲头、所述球囊和所述延伸主体一体连接,所述弯道引流肾造瘘管具有一引导通道,所述引导通道适于穿过一引导件以引导所述弯道引流造瘘管进入人体肾造瘘通道,所述弯曲头具有一第一内通道和至少二引流弯道,各所述引流弯道位于所述第一内通道的外部,所述球囊具有一充气腔和一第二内通道,所述充气腔环绕于所述第二内通道外部,所述弯曲头的所述引流弯道连通所述球囊的所述第二内通道,所述延伸主体具有一第三内通道,所述球囊的第二内通道连通所述衍射主体的所述第三内通道,所述第一内通道、所述第二内通道和所述第三内通道连通形成所述引导通道。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述引流弯道具有一开口和一连通孔,所述开口连通外部,所述引流弯道的所述连通孔连通所述球囊的所述第二内通道。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其包括一第一管体和多个引导壁,各所述引导壁辐射状地设置于所述第一管体的外侧,相邻的两个所述引导壁形成一所述引流弯道。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其包括一第一管体和多个引导壁,多个所述引导壁对称地分布于所述第一管体的外部。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述引导壁具有至少一微孔,所述微孔连通相邻的两个所述引流弯道。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述弯曲头端部逐渐缩小。
  17. 根据权利要求11-16任一所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其包括一定位线,所述定位线沿所述延伸主体设置。
  18. 根据权利要求11-16任一所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述弯曲头包括一防护壁,所述防护壁呈弧形地被设置于所述引导壁的外部,相邻的两个所述壁之间形成一间隙,所述间隙连通所述引流弯道内部和外部空间。
  19. 根据权利要求11-16任一所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中一个所述引流弯道位于所述弯曲头的内弯道,另一个所述引流弯道位于所述弯曲头的外弯道。
  20. 根据权利要求14或者15所述的弯道引流肾造瘘管,其中所述引导壁的数量选自2、3、4、5、6或者7。
PCT/CN2021/131042 2021-05-08 2021-11-17 防堵肾造瘘管和弯道引流肾造瘘管 WO2022237108A1 (zh)

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