WO2022233189A1 - 一种大型永磁电动机 - Google Patents

一种大型永磁电动机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022233189A1
WO2022233189A1 PCT/CN2022/081687 CN2022081687W WO2022233189A1 WO 2022233189 A1 WO2022233189 A1 WO 2022233189A1 CN 2022081687 W CN2022081687 W CN 2022081687W WO 2022233189 A1 WO2022233189 A1 WO 2022233189A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
permanent magnet
stator
magnetic
permanent magnets
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PCT/CN2022/081687
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡小杰
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胡小杰
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Publication of WO2022233189A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022233189A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K53/00—Alleged dynamo-electric perpetua mobilia

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a motor, in particular to a large-scale permanent magnet motor.
  • the magnetic energy of the strong-magnetic permanent magnet can be used to continuously produce high-power mechanical energy, and it can be used as a large-scale generator to generate electricity. , can also drive cars, boats and so on.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to aim at the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a large-scale permanent magnet motor, which has a reasonable structure and high energy production efficiency. It completely relies on hundreds of pairs of stator permanent magnets and rotor permanent magnets. It can output high-power mechanical energy, and the energy consumption rate is very low.
  • a large permanent magnet motor comprising a stator and a rotor, is characterized in that:
  • the stator has at least eight stator magnetic segments that can be combined by cyclic driving and use non-magnetic conductor material as the magnetic segment frame, and are connected to each other.
  • Fixed box, the working surface of the N pole of the stator permanent magnet in the fixed box is close to the inner circle of the stator, which is a centripetal device.
  • the circumferential arrangement of the permanent magnets of the stator is three times larger than the center distance of the large working plane of the magnet.
  • the stator permanent magnets are axially arranged in a line;
  • the rotor is mainly composed of the same number of rotor magnetic sub-regions as the stator magnetic sub-regions and made of non-magnetic conductor materials, which are coaxially combined through the rotor main shaft.
  • the circumferential arrangement has a center distance of the same radian as the circumferential arrangement of the stator permanent magnets.
  • the rotor permanent magnets of the whole machine are arranged axially with equal gaps in each row in a spiral shape, so that the rotor forms a structure that can circulate with the stator permanent magnets.
  • the permanent magnet fixed box of the stator is all made of non-magnetic induction materials.
  • the permanent magnet fixing boxes of the rotor are made of non-magnetic induction materials.
  • the entire rotor magnetic sub-frame is injection-molded with non-magnetic induction materials.
  • the injection-molded rotor magnetic sub-frame meets the permanent magnets of the stator, no magnetic induction magnetic field will occur.
  • the outer circle of the rotor magnetic sub-frame is divided into Holes for installing multiple rotor permanent magnets.
  • the non-working surface (S pole) of the stator permanent magnet is adsorbed with a stator ferromagnetic block, and the functions of the stator ferromagnetic block are: firstly, it can help the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet to circulate rapidly and increase the magnetic force intensity; secondly, it can attract the marginal The magnetic lines of force are not discarded, and the magnetism of the permanent magnet is maintained for a long time; the three can tightly attract one side of the permanent magnet, increase the rigidity of the permanent magnet, and keep the permanent magnet from being broken.
  • the working surface of the permanent magnets of the stator should have a sufficiently long driving stroke for the permanent magnets of the rotor, and its area should not be less than 70mm*70mm square.
  • a rotor ferromagnetic block is adsorbed on the non-working surface of the rotor permanent magnet in the rotating direction, and the function of setting the rotor ferromagnetic block is: when the rotor permanent magnet approaches the stator permanent magnet in the rotating direction, the magnetized ferromagnetic block has two sides on both sides of the magnetized ferromagnetic block. It will become the S pole, so that most of the magnetic lines of force will have an opposite attraction state with the N pole surface of the stator permanent magnet, which greatly reduces the reverse repulsive force of the same pole between the rotor permanent magnet and the stator permanent magnet, and improves the resistance to the rotor. positive driving force.
  • one end of the stator is provided with an oil cylinder
  • one end of the rotor main shaft is provided with a T-shaped journal
  • the outer circle of the T-shaped journal is provided with a bearing bush that integrates the axial thrust bearing and the radial bearing.
  • There is a T-shaped groove the T-shaped journal is installed in the T-shaped groove
  • the main shaft of the oil cylinder is connected with the bearing bush
  • the control system can adjust the axial displacement of the rotor by controlling the expansion and contraction of the main shaft of the oil cylinder.
  • the rotor permanent magnets are axially displaced to the positive space where the stator permanent magnets are axially arranged, and they are completely separated from the stator permanent magnets.
  • the rotor will stop; In the position where the magnets and the stator permanent magnets are combined, the stator permanent magnets will strongly attract the rotor permanent magnets in the direction of rotation, and push the rotor to rotate. the bigger.
  • the output end of the rotor main shaft is provided with a journal
  • the motor output shaft is connected in the journal
  • the outer circle of the journal is provided with a bearing bush
  • the bush bearing is installed in the rotor bearing seat
  • the high-pressure lubricating oil is lubricated when the rotor rotates rapidly.
  • the rotor is suspended in the air to reduce the friction force between the journal and the bearing bush;
  • the inner hole of the journal is a spline sleeve, and the end of the motor output shaft extending into the body is a spline shaft.
  • the spline sleeve reciprocates outside the spline shaft.
  • the large permanent magnet motor includes a cylindrical stator and a rotor arranged in the stator, and is characterized in that:
  • the stator is divided into multiple annular stator magnetic sub-regions arranged in the axial direction, the inner side of each annular stator magnetic sub-region is evenly distributed with a plurality of stator permanent magnet fixing boxes along the circumference, and stator permanent magnets are arranged in each stator permanent magnetic fixing box. ;
  • the N poles/S poles of all stator permanent magnets are set centripetally as working surfaces, and the adjacent stator permanent magnets between the stator magnetic sub-regions are arranged in a line parallel to the axial direction.
  • the distance between the centers of two adjacent stator permanent magnets in the magnetic region is greater than or equal to 3 times the circumferential distance of the working surface of each stator permanent magnet;
  • the rotor includes a rotor main shaft and a plurality of rotor magnetic sub-region frames made of non-magnetic conductor materials arranged on the periphery of the rotor main shaft and arranged in the axial direction.
  • the magnetic zone frames rotate together with the rotor main shaft; a plurality of rotor permanent magnet fixing boxes are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of each rotor magnetic zone frame, each rotor permanent magnet fixing box is provided with a rotor permanent magnet, and each rotor permanent magnet is opposite to the outer circumference of the rotor magnetic zone frame.
  • the surface is vertically arranged, and the S pole/N pole of each rotor permanent magnet is set as the working surface in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the rotor;
  • the angle is consistent with the center angle between the adjacent two stator permanent magnets in each stator magnetic sub-region, and the connecting lines of the corresponding rotor permanent magnets in the adjacent two rotor magnetic sub-region frames are not parallel to the axial direction.
  • a stator ferromagnetic block is adsorbed in each stator permanent magnet fixing box on the stator permanent magnet, and a rotor ferromagnetic block is also adsorbed in each rotor permanent magnet fixing box on the same side of the rotor permanent magnet and the rotation direction.
  • the number of the annular stator magnetic sub-regions is at least eight, the stator body is made of non-magnetic conductor material, and the rotor magnetic sub-region frame is made of non-magnetic conductor material.
  • the area of the working surface of each stator permanent magnet is greater than or equal to 70mm ⁇ 70mm square.
  • the magnetic poles of the working surfaces of the rotor permanent magnets and the working surfaces of the stator permanent magnets in the opposite direction of the rotor rotation direction are opposite to each other and are arranged to attract each other.
  • each rotor permanent magnet is inclined forward or rearward (ie, toward the rotation direction of the rotor or toward the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the rotor), and the inclination angle can be 0-45 degrees.
  • the top of the rotor permanent magnet is inclined in the opposite direction, so that when the rotor permanent magnet enters the reverse phase attraction region, the S pole of the working surface of the rotor permanent magnet and the N pole of the stator permanent magnet are avoided. Open the front camera to reduce the reverse phase attraction and rotation force.
  • one end of the stator is provided with a rotor axial displacement oil cylinder, and the main shaft of the oil cylinder is connected with a bearing bush.
  • the end of the rotor main shaft has a journal with an inner hole, and the inner drive of the journal is connected with an output shaft of a permanent magnet motor, the first end of the output shaft of the permanent magnet motor extends out of the stator, and the second end is inserted into the shaft. in the bore of the journal;
  • the inner hole of the journal has a main shaft spline sleeve
  • the second end of the output shaft of the permanent magnet motor is a spline shaft
  • the spline shaft of the permanent magnet motor output shaft is matched with the main shaft spline sleeve.
  • the spline sleeve can slide axially along the spline shaft, so as to ensure that the output shaft of the permanent magnet motor does not move axially.
  • the present invention does not need coil windings, does not require a large amount of power consumption, it only needs a soft-start variable frequency motor, and most of them rely on hundreds of pairs of stator permanent magnets to move the rotor permanent magnets in the forward direction.
  • the main principle of the present invention is as follows:
  • the magnetic field lines of permanent magnets follow a diameter route, and most of the magnetic field lines revolve around the nearest range of the permanent magnets, starting from the N pole of the permanent magnets and heading back to the S pole, and then starting from the N pole... .., it runs in this way, so the closer to the edge of the permanent magnet, the higher the density of the magnetic field lines, and the greater the magnetic force; on the contrary, the lower the density of the magnetic lines of force away from the edge of the permanent magnet, the smaller the magnetic force, so the inventors based on The magnetic field line characteristics of the permanent magnets are designed so that the forward driving force of the rotor is greater than the one-way driving force several times of the reverse resistance force, that is, the forward driving rotor permanent magnets and the stator permanent magnets are all close to each other and are in contact with each other.
  • the magnetic field line density is the highest, and the forward driving force is also the largest; the rotor permanent magnets and the stator permanent magnets that are reversely repelled and attracted are far away from each other, and the contacting magnetic field line density is lower.
  • the reverse resistance and rotation force is also small, which constitutes a number of times that the forward phase attraction driving force is greater than the sum of the reverse repulsion and reverse phase attraction resistance rotation forces, creating a unidirectional rotation driving force of the rotor, thereby outputting high power.
  • Mechanical energy is also small, which constitutes a number of times that the forward phase attraction driving force is greater than the sum of the reverse repulsion and reverse phase attraction resistance rotation forces, creating a unidirectional rotation driving force of the rotor, thereby outputting high power.
  • the rotor of the large-scale permanent magnet motor of the present invention is large in size and heavy in mass, all the rotor permanent magnets in the stopped state are in the positive space where each stator magnetic sub-region is arranged in the axial direction. At this time, the rotor permanent magnets and the stator permanent magnets They are axially staggered and do not work; if the rotor is to be started, it needs to be soft-started by the variable frequency motor. When the variable frequency motor drives the rotor to rotate forward and fast, the oil cylinder will move the rotor axially to make the permanent magnet of the rotor and the stator permanent.
  • the large permanent magnet motor, the soft-start variable frequency motor is less than 50kw, the power consumption only accounts for about 1% of the output power, the energy consumption rate is extremely low, and there is no pollution, it can drive large generators to generate electricity, or drive vehicles, It is a large-scale green energy manufacturing equipment such as boat driving.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention (part of the stator is omitted);
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a stator permanent magnet fixing box in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor permanent magnet fixing box in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention omitting the upper half of the stator
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of magnetic forces in forward and reverse directions between a pair of stator permanent magnets and rotor permanent magnets in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the magnetic force in the forward and reverse directions of the axial projection of the stator permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet of a cyclic drive combination in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotor main shaft and the motor output shaft in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • stator 1 to FIG. 8 it is a preferred embodiment of the high-power permanent magnet motor of the present invention, wherein the reference numerals are: stator 1, upper half stator 2, lower half stator 3, stator magnetic separation area 4, stator permanent magnet 5.
  • the main parameters of this example are:
  • the net length of the host is 6620mm*width 2286mm*height 2560mm;
  • the inner diameter of the stator is 1786mm, and the outer diameter of the rotor is 1783mm;
  • the stator permanent magnet is 110mm long*100mm wide*25mm thick;
  • the rotor permanent magnet is 110mm long*70mm wide*25mm thick;
  • the net output power of this embodiment is greater than 5000kw.
  • the high-power permanent magnet motor of this embodiment includes: a cylindrical stator 1 , an upper half stator 2 , a lower half stator 3 , a stator magnetic separation area 4 , a stator permanent magnet 5 , and a stator ferromagnetic block 6 , stator permanent magnet fixing box 7, stator chassis 8, stator fixing frame 9, stator center positioning plate 10, stator reinforcing ribs 12, stator side cover 13, stator top cover 15, upper half stator pressure plate 17, rotor 20, rotor magnetic separation area Frame 21, rotor main shaft 22, journal 23, rotor bearing seat 24, rotor permanent magnet 25, rotor permanent magnet fixing box 26, rotor ferromagnetic block 27, bearing bush 28, rotor axial displacement cylinder 30, motor output shaft 31. Power output spline shaft 38, main shaft spline sleeve 39.
  • the stator 1 is composed of a semi-annular upper half stator 2 and a lower half stator 3 which are assembled up and down, and the rotor 20 is arranged in the stator 1 and can rotate relative to the stator 1 .
  • the stator 1 is axially divided into nineteen stator magnetic sub-regions 4 that can be combined by cyclic driving and are made of non-magnetic conductor aluminum alloy materials.
  • the bottom of the stator 1 is also provided with a stator chassis 8 and a stator fixing frame 9, and both ends of the stator 1 are provided with a stator center positioning plate 10;
  • stator permanent magnet fixing boxes 7 There are 16 stator permanent magnet fixing boxes 7 evenly distributed on the inner side of each stator magnetic separation area 4 along the circumference.
  • Each stator permanent magnet fixing box 7 has a built-in stator permanent magnet 5 and a stator ferromagnetic block 6. Made of non-magnetic induction material, when the stator permanent magnet fixing box 7 made of non-magnetic induction material meets the rotor permanent magnet 25, an induced magnetic field that hinders the rotation of the rotor will not occur;
  • each stator permanent magnet 5 is set facing the center of the stator 1 as the work surface
  • the stator ferromagnetic block 6 is adsorbed on the S pole of the stator permanent magnet 5
  • the adjacent magnetic sub-regions 4 of the stator are
  • the stator permanent magnets 5 are arranged in a line parallel to the axial direction, and the center distance D2 of two adjacent stator permanent magnets 5 in the same annular stator magnetic sub-region 4 is greater than or equal to the circumference of the working surface of each stator permanent magnet 5 To 3 times the distance D1, namely: D2 ⁇ 3D1.
  • the rotor 20 includes a rotor main shaft 22 and a plurality of rotor magnetic partition frames 21 arranged on the periphery of the rotor main shaft 22 and arranged in the axial direction, wherein the rotor main shaft 22 is welded with large-diameter seamless steel pipes and then finished by finishing.
  • Each rotor magnetic sub-region frame 21 is made of non-magnetic conductor material, and its number is the same as that of the stator magnetic sub-region 4, and is assembled with the rotor main shaft 22 and can rotate synchronously with the rotor main shaft 22;
  • each rotor permanent magnet fixing box 26 has built-in rotor permanent magnets 25 and rotor ferromagnetic blocks 27, and the rotor ferromagnetic blocks 27 are adsorbed on the rotor permanent magnets.
  • the rotor permanent magnet fixing box 26 is made of non-magnetic induction material.
  • the rotor permanent magnets 25 are vertically arranged on the outer circumference of the rotor magnetic sub-sector frame 21, that is, the work surface of each rotor permanent magnet 25 is substantially perpendicular to the outer circular surface of the rotor magnetic sub-sector frame 21, and in this embodiment, The top of each rotor permanent magnet 25 is inclined to the rear side (opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor), and the S pole of the rotor permanent magnet 25 is arranged to face the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the rotor 20 (that is, the reverse direction) as a work surface,
  • the magnetic pole of the working surface of the rotor permanent magnet 25 and the magnetic pole of the working surface of the stator permanent magnet 5 close to the stator axis are opposite poles and are arranged to attract each other;
  • the central angle ⁇ of the adjacent two rotor permanent magnets 25 in each rotor magnetic sub-region frame 21 is consistent with the central included angle ⁇ of the adjacent two stator permanent magnets 5 in each stator magnetic sub-region 4, and the adjacent two rotor sub-regions 4.
  • the connecting line L of the corresponding rotor permanent magnets 25 in the magnetic zone frame 21 is not parallel to the axial direction, that is, the rotor permanent magnets 25 of the whole machine are arranged in the axial direction with an equal gap in each row in order, and are arranged in a stepped arrangement (that is, in a spiral.
  • the axial projection has a dislocation arrangement with equal degrees of perimeter, so that most of the rotor permanent magnets 25 and the corresponding stator permanent magnets 5 are staggered from each other in the radial direction to form a rotating magnetic field that enables the rotor 20 to rotate cyclically.
  • One end of the rotor main shaft 22 has a main shaft journal 23, the outer circle of the journal 23 has a bearing bush bearing sleeve 28, the push-pull rod of the rotor axial displacement oil cylinder 30 is connected with the bearing bush bearing sleeve 28, and the control system can control the oil cylinder 30 through the control system.
  • the axial displacement of the rotor 20 is adjusted by extending and retracting the push-pull rod.
  • the rotor permanent magnet 25 only needs to be axially displaced to the positive space in which the stator permanent magnet 5 is axially arranged, and all the stator permanent magnets 5 are aligned with each other.
  • the rotor 20 will stop rotating; when it is about to start, the rotor 20 is axially displaced to the position where the rotor permanent magnet 25 and the stator permanent magnet 5 are combined, and then the stator permanent magnet 5 will combine the rotor permanent magnet 25 strongly attract each other in the direction of rotation, and push the rotor 20 to rotate.
  • the output head of the rotor main shaft 22 has a journal 23, and the outer circumference of the journal 23 has a bearing bush 28.
  • the bearing bush 28 is installed in the rotor bearing seat 24.
  • the rotor rotates rapidly, high-pressure lubricating oil After the oil film is generated in the bearing bush, the rotor 20 will be suspended in the air to reduce the friction between the journal 23 and the bearing bush; the inner hole of the journal 23 is the spline sleeve 39, and the part of the motor output shaft 31 extending into the body is the spline shaft 38.
  • the spline sleeve 39 reciprocates outside the spline shaft 38.
  • the stator permanent magnet fixing box 7 with a size of 1:1 is made of non-magnetic induction materials by injection molding.
  • the rotor permanent magnet fixing box 26 is injection-molded with non-magnetic induction materials, and each rotor permanent magnet fixing box 26 has a rotor permanent magnet 25, specifically a NdFeB rotor permanent magnet, with a size of 110mm long*width 70mm*25mm thick, the rotor permanent magnet fixing box 26 is a vertical device on the circumference of the rotor magnetic partition frame 21, the N pole surface of the rotor permanent magnet 25 faces the forward rotation direction of the rotor 20, and the N pole surface tightly attracts the rotor iron
  • the function of the magnet block 27, which is equipped with the ferromagnetic block 27 is: when the rotor permanent magnet 25 approaches the stator permanent magnet 5 in the positive direction, the two sides of the magnetized ferromagnetic block 27 will become S poles, so that most of the magnetic lines of force will The N-pole surface of the stator permanent magnet 5 produces an opposite-sex attraction state, which greatly reduces the same-pole reverse repulsion force between the rotor
  • the rotor permanent magnet 25 When the left line of the rotor permanent magnet 25 enters the right line A2 of the stator permanent magnet 5, the rotor permanent magnet 25 will attract each other strongly towards the positive direction, and the suction stroke starts from A2 to A3 (indicated by the arrow line).
  • the rotor permanent magnet 25 and the stator permanent magnet 5 in the phase attraction stroke are closest to each other, the contact magnetic field line density is the highest, the positive phase attraction torque is the largest, and the positive phase attraction torque of each pair of permanent magnets is the highest. More than 90Kg. force.
  • FIG. 6 is a step-by-step explanatory diagram in which the forward phase attraction torque between a pair of stator permanent magnets 5 and rotor permanent magnets 25 is greater than the reverse phase repulsion or reverse phase attraction torque several times.
  • the permanent magnet 25 in the direction of the rotor arrow
  • the rotor permanent magnet 25 is different depending on the distance from the stator permanent magnet 5.
  • the present invention adds a piece of ferromagnetic block 27 on the N pole face of the rotor permanent magnet 25, can reduce the reverse repulsive force with the stator permanent magnet 5 in a large amount, and reduce the resistance of the rotor 20 to rotate; when the rotor permanent magnet 25 When the forward phase attraction stroke on the left side of the stator permanent magnet 5 is pushed to start at A2, the rotor permanent magnet 25 will suddenly strongly attract the positive phase phase.
  • the distance between the magnets 25 and the stator permanent magnets 5 is the closest, the contacting magnetic field line density is the highest, and the steering attraction torque is the largest, and the steering attraction torque of each pair of rotor permanent magnets 25 is greater than 90Kg. force; when the rotor permanent magnets 25 When the positive phase attracts to the reverse phase attraction starting line A3 on the right side of the stator permanent magnet 5, the reverse phase attraction traction force begins.
  • the reverse phase attraction traction range starts from A3 to A4, and the rotor within this range
  • the average distance between the permanent magnet 25 and the stator permanent magnet 5 is also relatively far, and the density of the magnetic lines of force in contact is relatively low, and the average reverse phase attraction torque at this distance is less than 15Kg.
  • the positive phase attraction torque is several times greater than the sum of the reverse phase repulsion torque and the reverse phase attraction torque, which constitutes the driving potential for the unidirectional rotation of the rotor.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the axial projection of one of the cyclic driving combinations between the rotor permanent magnet 25 and the stator permanent magnet 5 in the nineteen sub-regions where the forward torque is several times greater than the reverse torque.
  • the axial arrangement is in a line, (the projection surfaces of the stator permanent magnets 5 in the figure are overlapped in the past); the axial arrangement of the rotor permanent magnets 25 has an equal gap in order, forming a spiral shape, so that the rotor 2 A rotating magnetic field that can be cyclically driven with the stator permanent magnets 5 is formed.
  • Each cycle drive combination goes through the following four areas:
  • Reverse phase repulsion rotation area the area A1 to A3 as shown in the figure, there is a reverse repulsion force between the rotor permanent magnet 25 and the stator permanent magnet 5 in this area, and the reverse repulsion stroke is from From A1 to A2, there are always 48 pairs of rotor permanent magnets 25 and stator permanent magnets 5 in the three sub-magnetic regions in the range of No. 17 to No. 19 in the figure, which are repelled in the opposite direction, hindering the rotation of the rotor. The distance is different, and their reverse repulsion force is also different. The average reverse repulsion force of each pair of permanent magnets is less than 20Kg. force, and the total is less than 960Kg. force.
  • Reverse phase attraction and resistance rotation area As shown in the figure A3 to A4 area, when the rotor permanent magnet 25 in this area is separated from the stator permanent magnet 5, the reverse phase attraction force will be generated, which will hinder the rotor from rotating.
  • the reverse phase attraction stroke starts from A3 and ends at A4.
  • the phase attraction force hinders the rotation of the rotor 20. Due to their different distances, the reverse phase attraction force is also different. Their average reverse phase attraction force to the permanent magnets is less than 15Kg. force, and the total is less than 720Kg. force.
  • Reactive area As shown in the figure, the five sub-magnetic areas in the range of No. 13 to No. 17 are all in the reactive area, and all the rotor permanent magnets in the reactive area are out of the magnetic field effect range of the stator permanent magnets. Therefore, no magnetic field effect force will be generated.
  • the "Permanent Magnet Motor” After removing the insurance factor, the "Permanent Magnet Motor” still has an output power of at least 5000Kw. It can drive a 5000Kw generator to generate electricity, drive trains, ships, etc., and is a green energy manufacturing equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种大型永磁电动机，包括有定子（1）、转子（20）；其中定子（1）和转子（20）上轴向各设有多道分磁区，在定子分磁区（4）的内侧中均布有多只内置有定子永磁体（5）的定子永磁固定盒（7），在转子分磁区的外周面均布有多只内置有转子永磁体（25）的转子永磁固定盒（26），在定子永磁体（4）轴向排列每行成一线，在转子永磁体（25）沿轴向呈阶梯状排列，使转子永磁体（25）与定子永磁体（4）配合形成了能驱动转子（20）旋转的旋转磁场；转子（20）轴向移位装置可以控制转子（20）停止或者启动的时间和转速；只需要小量的启动电源，绝大多数是依靠数百对定子永磁体（5）和转子永磁体（25）的磁能量制造出大功率机械能的，节能效果非常好，它可以带动大型发电机发电，驱动车、船行驶等。

Description

一种大型永磁电动机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电动机，尤其是一种大型永磁电动机，具体地说是采利用强磁永磁体的磁能量，能够持续不断地制造出大功率的机械能，它能用作大型发电机进行发电，也能驱动车、船行驶等。
背景技术
能源问题是世界上亟待解决的紧迫问题，石油和煤炭将要枯竭，能源日益紧缺，人们将面临的最大能源危机已相距不远。我国是能源消费大国，约有百分之六十的石油依靠进口，我国的二氧化碳排放量也是全球最多的国家之一，煤电厂和燃油汽车排放出来的二氧化碳己经严重污染了中国大部份上空，给广大人民的身心健康造成极大的危害。核电站造价高，不安全，如遇到地震或者战争时，核电站是最大的安全隐患。风电、光伏发电虽然是好，但受气候变化影响则不能持续而稳定地发电，这对电网公司输电计划带来了很大麻烦；目前世界正把目光锁定在永磁电机的研发上，而现在所有永磁电动机的内部都有线圈绕组，在转子或者定子中只置有少量的永磁体，这些永磁电动机虽有节能，但节能效果非常有限，最多不会超过15％，能耗比重还是非常大的。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术不足，提供了一种大型永磁电动机，该大型永磁电动机结构合理，制能效率高，它完全是依靠数百对定子永磁体与转子永磁体的磁能量，而能输出大功率机械能，能源消耗率非常低。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：
一种大型永磁电动机，包括有定子和转子，其特征在于：
所述的定子至少有八道能够进行循环驱动组合的并采用非磁导体材料作为磁区架的定子分磁区相连，各定子分磁区的内圆中等分装置有多个内置有定子永磁体的定子永磁固定盒，在固定盒中的定子永磁体N极的作功面紧靠定子的内圆，呈向心装置，定子永磁体周向排列要大于磁体作功大平面3倍的中心距，整机的定子永磁体轴向排列行行成一线；
所述的转子主要是由与定子分磁区相等数量的并采用非磁导体材料制作的转子分磁区架并通过转子主轴同轴组合而成，转子分磁区架的外圆处等分装置有多只内置有转子永磁体的转子永磁固定盒；固定盒中的转子永磁体在转子分磁区架的外圆处呈立式装 置，转子永磁体的N极大平面朝向转子的旋转方向；转子永磁体周向排列有与定子永磁体周向排列相同弧度的中心距，整机的转子永磁体轴向排列每行按序有均等的差距，呈螺旋形，使转子构成了能够与定子永磁体进行循环驱动组合的旋转磁场。
以下转子的旋转方向称之为“正向”，与之相反的方向称之为“反向”。
为了排除阻碍转子旋转的磁感应发生，定子永磁固定盒全部采用非磁感应材料制作。为了防止转子在旋转时，转子分磁区架与定子永磁体相处得太近会发生阻碍转子旋转的磁感应磁场，转子永磁固定盒都采用非磁感应材料制作。
为了提高生产效益，优选地，整只转子分磁区架采用非磁感应材料注塑成型，注塑成型的转子分磁区架与定子永磁体相遇时，不会发生磁感应磁场，转子分磁区架外圆中等分有多个转子永磁体安装的孔位。
优选地，定子永磁体非作功面(S极)吸附有定子铁磁块，该定子铁磁块的作用是：一能帮助永磁体的磁力线快速循环，增加磁力强度；二能吸集边际的磁力线不被弃散，保持永磁体的磁性长久；三能紧吸永磁体一面，增加永磁体的刚度，保持永磁体不易破碎。
优选地，定子永磁体的作功面要有让转子永磁体足够长的驱动行程，其面积不小于70mm*70mm平方。
优选地，转子永磁体朝旋转方向的非作功面吸附有转子铁磁块，设置转子铁磁块的作用是：当转子永磁体朝旋转方向接近定子永磁体时，被磁化的铁磁块两面会变成S极，这样大部分磁力线就会与定子永磁体的N极面产生了异性相吸状态，大量减少了转子永磁体与定子永磁体之间的同极反向排斥力，提高对转子正向的驱动力。
优选地，在定子的其中一端装置有油缸，转子主轴的其中一端有T形轴颈，T形轴颈的外圆上有轴向推力轴瓦和向心轴瓦为一体的轴瓦轴承套，轴瓦轴承套中有T形凹槽，T形轴颈安装在T形凹槽中，油缸的主轴与轴瓦轴承套相连接，控制系统可以通过控制油缸主轴的伸缩进行调节转子轴向移位的幅度，当要转子停止时，转子永磁体轴向移位至定子永磁体轴向排列的正空间，与定子永磁体全部脱离，这时转子就会停止；当要启动时，转子轴向移位至使转子永磁体与定子永磁体复合的位置中，这时定子永磁体就会将转子永磁体朝旋转方向强劲地相吸，推动着转子旋转，转子永磁体与定子永磁体相处的幅度越大，驱动的力度就越大。
优选地，转子主轴的输出端具有轴颈，轴颈内传动连接有电动机输出轴，轴颈外圆有轴瓦轴承套，轴瓦轴承套安装在转子轴承座中，转子在快速旋转时，高压润滑油在轴瓦中产生油膜后将转子悬空托起，减少轴颈与轴瓦磨擦力；轴颈的内孔是花键套，电动机输出轴伸在机体内的一端是花键轴，转子轴向移位时，花键套在花键轴外部往复移动。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的另一技术方案为：该大型永磁电动机，包括圆柱形的定子和设置在定子内的转子，其特征在于：
所述定子划分为沿轴向排列的多道环形定子分磁区，每道环形定子分磁区的内侧沿圆周均布有多个定子永磁固定盒，各定子永磁固定盒内设置有定子永磁体；并且，所有定子永磁体的N极/S极作为作功面均向心设置，各定子分磁区之间相邻的定子永磁体均平行于轴向地呈一线排列，在同一道环形定子分磁区中的相邻两个定子永磁体的中心间距大于或等于各定子永磁体的作功面之周向距离的3倍；
所述转子包括一转子主轴和设置在转子主轴外围、沿轴向排列的多道非磁导体材料制的转子分磁区架，该转子分磁区架的道数与定子分磁区数量相同，各转子分磁区架均与转子主轴一起转动；各转子分磁区架的外周均布有多个转子永磁固定盒，各转子永磁固定盒内设置有转子永磁体，各转子永磁体相对转子分磁区架外周面竖直设置，且各转子永磁体的S极/N极作为作功面朝向与转子的旋转向相反的方向设置；并且，各转子分磁区架中的相邻两个转子永磁体的中心夹角与各定子分磁区中的相邻两个定子永磁体的中心夹角一致，相邻两个转子分磁区架中的对应转子永磁体的连线不与轴向平行。
优选地，各定子永磁固定盒内、位于定子永磁体之上吸附有定子铁磁块，各转子永磁固定盒内、位于转子永磁体与旋转方向的同侧还吸附有转子铁磁块。
优选地，所述环形定子分磁区数量为至少八道，定子本体采用非磁导体材料，转子分磁区架采用非磁导体材料。
优选地，各定子永磁体作功面的面积大于或等于70mmX70mm平方。
优选地，各转子永磁体与转子旋转方向相反方向的作功面的磁极与定子永磁体作功面的磁极互为异极而相吸设置。
优选地，各转子永磁体的顶部向前侧或后侧(即，朝转子的旋转方向或朝与转子的旋转方向相反的方向)倾斜设置，倾斜角度在0-45度均可。最优地，转子向前转动时，转子永磁体顶部朝反向倾斜，是为了转子永磁体进入反向相吸区域时，使得转子永磁体的作功面S极与定子永磁体的N极避开正面相照，减少反向相吸阻转力。
优选地，所述定子的一端设置有一转子轴向移位油缸，该油缸的主轴与一轴瓦轴承套相连接。
优选地，所述转子主轴的端部具有带内孔的轴颈，轴颈内传动连接有永磁电动机输出轴，永磁电动机输出轴的第一端伸出在定子之外、第二端插入在轴颈内孔中；
所述轴颈的内孔具有主轴花键套，永磁电动机输出轴的第二端是花键轴，永磁电动机输出轴的花键轴与主轴花键套相配，当转子主轴轴向移位时，花键套能沿花键轴轴向滑动，从而保证永磁电动机输出轴不会轴向移动。
与现有技术相比，本发明无需线圈绕组，不需要大量的电源消耗，它只需要软启动的变频电动机即可，绝大部分是依靠数百对定子永磁体将转子永磁体朝正向进行强劲地循环相吸来促使转子单向旋转的，本发明的主要原理如下：
根据物理表明，永磁体的磁力线是走直径路线的，磁力线多数是围绕着永磁体最近 的范围运转，从永磁体的N极出发向S极回进，又从N极出发........，就这样周而复始地运转着，因此越靠近永磁体边缘的磁力线密度越高，磁力也越大；反之越离开永磁体边缘的磁力线密度就越低，磁力也就越小，因此发明人根据永磁体的磁力线特征，设计成转子正向驱动力大于反向阻转力数倍的单向驱动势，即正向驱动的转子永磁体与定子永磁体之间都是靠得最近的，相接触的磁力线密度是最高的，正向驱动力也是最大的；反向排斥和反向相吸的转子永磁体与定子永磁体之间都是离得较远的，相接触的磁力线密度是较低的，反向阻转力也是较小的，构成了正向相吸驱动力大于反向排斥与反向相吸阻转力总和的数倍，造就了转子单向旋转驱动势，从而输出大功率的机械能。
由于本发明的大型永磁电动机的转子体积大，质量重，在停止状态的所有转子永磁体都处在每道定子分磁区沿轴向排列的间隔正空间，这时转子永磁体与定子永磁体都轴向错开，不作功；若要启动转子时，需要由变频电动机进行软启动，待变频电动机带动转子正向快速旋转时，再由油缸将转子轴向移位至使转子永磁体与定子永磁体相复合的位置中，这时所有的转子永磁体都会与定子永磁体朝正向强劲地循环相吸，驱动转子旋转，从而源源不断地输出大功率的机械能，例如本发明的一台5000kw功率的大型永磁电动机，软启动的变频电动机不到50kw，耗电量只占输出功率的1％左右，能耗率极低，又没有任何污染，它可以带动大型发电机发电，或驱动车、船行驶等，是大型绿色能源制造设备。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的结构示意图(部分定子省略)；
图2为本发明实施例的纵向剖视图；
图3为本发明实施例中定子永磁固定盒的剖视图；
图4为本发明实施例中转子永磁固定盒的剖视图；
图5为本发明实施例省去上半定子的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例中其中一对定子永磁体与转子永磁体之间的正、反方向磁力对比示意图；
图7为本发明实施例中一个循环驱动组合的定子永磁体与转子永磁体轴向投影的正、反方向磁力对比示意图；
图8为本发明实施例中转子主轴与电动机输出轴的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
如图1至图8所示，为本发明大功率永磁电动机的一个优选实施例，其中附图标记 为：定子1、上半定子2、下半定子3、定子分磁区4、定子永磁体5、定子铁磁块6、定子永磁固定盒7、定子底盘8、定子固定架9、定子中心定位板10、中心距11、定子加强筋12、定子侧盖13、定子顶盖15、上半定子压板17、转子20、转子分磁区架21、转子主轴22、轴颈23、转子轴承座24、转子永磁体25、转子永磁固定盒26、转子铁磁块27、轴瓦轴承套28、转子轴向移位油缸30、电动机输出轴31、功率输出花键轴38、主轴花键套39。
本实施例的主要参数是：
主机净长6620mm*宽2286mm*高2560mm；
定子内径1786mm，转子外径1783mm；
定子和转子的轴向各设有19道分磁区；
每道分磁区的周向均布有16对永磁体，合计有304对定子永磁体和转子永磁体；
定子永磁体长110mm*宽100mm*厚25mm；
转子永磁体长110mm*宽70mm*厚25mm；
本实施例净输出功率大于5000kw。
如图1-图8所示，本实施例的大功率永磁电动机包括：圆柱形定子1、上半定子2、下半定子3、定子分磁区4、定子永磁体5、定子铁磁块6、定子永磁固定盒7、定子底盘8、定子固定架9、定子中心定位板10、定子加强筋12、定子侧盖13、定子顶盖15、上半定子压板17、转子20、转子分磁区架21、转子主轴22、轴颈23、转子轴承座24、转子永磁体25、转子永磁固定盒26、转子铁磁块27、轴瓦轴承套28、转子轴向移位油缸30、电动机输出轴31、功率输出花键轴38、主轴花键套39。
其中，定子1由半环形的上半定子2、下半定子3上下拼合而成，转子20设置在定子1内可相对定子1转动。
所述的定子1沿轴向划分有十九道能够进行循环驱动组合的并采用非磁导体铝合金材料制作的定子分磁区4，各道环形定子分磁区4之间具有大于定子永磁体5轴向长度的间隔空间，定子1的底部还设置有定子底盘8、定子固定架9，定子1的两端设置有定子中心定位板10；
每道定子分磁区4的内侧沿圆周均布有16只定子永磁固定盒7，各定子永磁固定盒7内置有定子永磁体5和定子铁磁块6，定子永磁固定盒7是采用非磁感应材料制作，用非磁感应材料制作的定子永磁固定盒7与转子永磁体25相遇时，不会发生阻碍转子旋转的感应磁场；
本实施例中，各定子永磁体5的N极作为作功面面向定子1的圆心设置，定子铁磁块6吸附在定子永磁体5的S极上，各定子分磁区4之间相邻的定子永磁体5均平行于轴向地呈一线排列，在同一道环形定子分磁区4中的相邻两个定子永磁体5的中心间距D2大于或等于各定子永磁体5的作功面之周向距离D1的3倍，即：D2≥3D1。
所述的转子20包括一转子主轴22和设置在转子主轴22外围、沿轴向排列的多道转子分磁区架21，其中，转子主轴22是用大径无缝钢管焊接后精加工而成，各转子分磁区架21采用非磁导体材料制，其数量与定子分磁区4数量相同，且分别与转子主轴22组装一起而能与转子主轴22一起同步转动；
各转子分磁区架21的外周均布有16只转子永磁固定盒26，各转子永磁固定盒26内置有转子永磁体25和转子铁磁块27，转子铁磁块27吸附在转子永磁体25的非作功面上，转子永磁固定盒26是采用非磁感应材料制作，用非磁感应材料制作的转子永磁固定盒26与定子永磁体5相遇时，不会发生阻碍转子旋转的感应磁场；
转子永磁体25在转子分磁区架21的外圆呈立式设置，即，各转子永磁体25作功面与转子分磁区架21的外圆面大致相对垂直设置，且在本实施例中，各转子永磁体25的顶部向后侧(与转子旋转方向相反地)倾斜设置，转子永磁体25的S极作为作功面朝向与转子20的旋转向相反的方向(即，反向)设置，该转子永磁体25的作功面的磁极与定子永磁体5靠近定子轴心的作功面磁极互为异极而相吸设置；
各转子分磁区架21中的相邻两个转子永磁体25的中心夹角α与各定子分磁区4中的相邻两个定子永磁体5的中心夹角β一致，相邻两个转子分磁区架21中的对应转子永磁体25的连线L不与轴向平行，也即，整机的转子永磁体25轴向排列每行按序有均等的差距，呈阶梯状排列(即呈螺旋形)，在轴向投影有周长中等分度的错位排列，从而使大部分的转子永磁体25与对应定子永磁体5在径向上互相错开而形成能使转子20循环旋转的旋转磁场。
转子主轴22的其中一端有主轴轴颈23，轴颈23的外圆上有轴瓦轴承套28，转子轴向移位油缸30的推拉杆与轴瓦轴承套28相连接，控制系统可以通过控制油缸30的推拉杆伸缩进行调节转子20轴向移位的幅度，当要转子20停止时，只要将转子永磁体25轴向移位至定子永磁体5轴向排列的正空间，与定子永磁体5全部脱离，这时转子20就会停止旋转；当要启动时，转子20轴向移位至使转子永磁体25与定子永磁体5复合的位置中，这时定子永磁体5就会将转子永磁体25朝旋转方向强劲地相吸，推动着转子20旋转，转子永磁体25与定子永磁体5相处的幅度越大，驱动的力度就越大。
如图8所示的转子主轴22的输出头有轴颈23，轴颈23的外圆有轴瓦轴承套28，轴瓦轴承套28安装在转子轴承座24中，转子在快速旋转时，高压润滑油在轴瓦中产生油膜后会将转子20悬空托起，减少轴颈23与轴瓦的磨擦力；轴颈23的内孔是花键套39，电动机输出轴31伸在机体内的一段是花键轴38，转子20轴向移位时，花键套39在花键轴38外部往复移动。
如图3所示1比1大的定子永磁固定盒7是采用非磁感应材料注塑成型，定子永磁固定盒7中有定子永磁体5，钕铁硼定子永磁体5长110mm*宽100mm*厚25mm，定子永磁体5的作功面N极靠近定子1的内圆，定子永磁体5的另一面S极吸有定子铁磁块 6，定子铁磁块6能引导定子永磁体5的磁通量，保持永磁体的磁力线快速循环，增强磁力，又能保持永磁体的磁性长久不衰退。
如图4所示，转子永磁固定盒26是采用非磁感应材料注塑成型，每只转子永磁固定盒26中有转子永磁体25，具体是钕铁硼转子永磁体，尺寸为长110mm*宽70mm*厚25mm，转子永磁固定盒26在转子分磁区架21的圆周上呈立式装置，转子永磁体25的N极面朝向转子20的正转方向，该N极面紧吸有转子铁磁块27，装有铁磁块27的作用是：当转子永磁体25朝正向接近定子永磁体5时，被磁化的铁磁块27两面会变成S极，这样大部分磁力线就会与定子永磁体5的N极面产生了异性相吸状态，大量减少了转子永磁体25与定子永磁体5之间的同极反向排斥力，提高正向驱动力。
当转子永磁25的左边线进入定子永磁体5的右边线A2时，转子永磁体25就会朝正向强劲地相吸，相吸行程从A2开始到A3为止(以箭头线表示)，该相吸行程中的转子永磁体25与定子永磁体5之间是靠的最近的，相接触的磁力线密度是最高，正向相吸的扭矩是最大的，每对永磁体的正向相吸扭矩大于90Kg.力。
如图6所示的是其中一对定子永磁体5与转子永磁体25之间的正向相吸扭矩大于反向相斥或反向相吸扭矩数倍的分步解释图，当转子20中的永磁体25(由转子箭头方向)被推进A1～A2范围内时，它与定子永磁体5处于同极排斥状态，这时的转子永磁体25根据与定子永磁体5距离远近不同，有不同程度的反向排斥力，在该范围内的转子永磁体25与定子永磁体5之间的距离比较远的，相接触的磁力线密度是较少的，在这一段距离的平均反向排斥扭矩小于20Kg.力，本发明在转子永磁体25的N极面加上一块铁磁块27，就能大量减少与定子永磁体5的反向排斥力，降低转子20旋转的阻力；当转子永磁体25被推进定子永磁体5左边正向相吸行程起步钱A2时，转子永磁体25突然会强劲地向正向相吸，正向相吸行程从A2开始～A3为止，在该范围内的转子永磁体25与定子永磁体5距离是最近的，相接触的磁力线密度是最高的，转向相吸的扭矩是最大的，每对转子永磁体25的转向相吸扭矩大于90Kg.力；当转子永磁体25正向相吸至定子永磁体5的右边反向相吸起步线A3时，就开始有反向相吸牵引力，反向相吸牵引范围是从A3开始～A4为止，在该范围内的转子永磁体25与定子永磁体5之间平均距离也是比较远的，相接触的磁力线密度也是比较低的，在这段距离的平均反向相吸扭矩小于15Kg.力：于是一对永磁体在整个行程过程中，正向相吸扭矩要大于反向相斥扭矩与反向相吸扭矩总和的数倍，构成了转子单向旋转的驱动势。
如图7所示的是十九道分磁区的转子永磁体25与定子永磁体5之间的其中一个循环驱动组合的正向扭矩大于反向的扭矩数倍的轴向投影示意图，该十九道分磁区中每道分磁区周向均布有16对定子永磁体5和转子永磁体25，也就是轴向排列有十六个循环驱动组合，合计有304对永磁体；整机中的定子永磁体5轴向排列行行成一线，(图中的定子永磁体5轴向排列投影面看过去是重叠的)；转子永磁体25轴向排列按序有均等 的差距，形成螺旋形，使转子2构成了能够与定子永磁体5进行循环驱动的旋转磁场。每个循环驱动组合都要经过以下四大区域：
正向相吸驱动区域：如图中所示的A2～A3区域，凡是处于该区域范围内的转子永磁体25都与定子永磁体5向正向强劲地相吸，相吸行程从A2开始到A3为止，图中的1号到8号范围内的八道分磁区中，始终保持有128对转子永磁体25与定子永磁体5朝正向相吸，驱动着转子旋转，每对永磁体的正向相吸扭矩大于90kg.力，合计大于11520kg.力。
反向相斥阻转区域：如图中所示的A1～A3区域，凡是处在该区域范围内的转子永磁体25与定子永磁体5之间有反向排斥力，反向排斥行程是从A1开始到A2为止，图中的17号到19号范围内的三道分磁区中，始终保持有48对转子永磁体25与定子永磁体5之间朝反向排斥，阻碍着转子旋转，由于距离远近不同，它们的反向排斥力也不同，它们平均每对永磁体的反向排斥力都小于20Kg.力，合计小于960Kg.力。
反向相吸阻转区域：如图中所示的A3～A4区域，凡是处于该区域范围内的转子永磁体25在脱离定子永磁体5时，都会产生反向相吸力，阻碍着转子旋转，反向相吸行程是从A3开始A4为止，图中的9号至11号范围内的三道分磁区中，始终保持有48对转子永磁体25与定子永磁体5在脱离时，有反向相吸力，阻碍着转子20旋转，由于它们的距离远近不同，反向相吸力也不同，它们的平均毎对永磁体的反向相吸力都小于15Kg.力，合计小于720Kg.力。
无功区域：如图中所示的13号至17号范围内的五道分磁区都处于无功区域，凡是处在无功区域的转子永磁体都已脱离定子永磁体的磁场效应范围内，故不会产生磁场效应力。
就上述的四大区域的正向与反向的扭矩对比结果是：
正向相吸驱动扭矩11520Kg.力—反向排斥阻转扭矩960Kg.力—反向相吸阻转扭矩720Kg.力＝正向相吸驱动净扭矩9840Kg.力，即正向驱动扭矩大于反向阻转扭矩数倍，构成了转子20单向旋转的驱动势，从而制造出大功率的机械能。
功率计算：
功率计算公式为：P＝r/min*N.m/9550，
式中P是功率，r/min是每分钟转速，N.m是扭矩，9550为功率计算常数。
1Kg＝10N，转子半径0.89m，换算成N.m＝9840Kg*10N*0.89m＝87576N.m，
假设转子转速每分钟1000转，
代入法：P＝1000r/min*87576N.m/9550＝9170Kw，
除去保险系数后，该《永磁电动机》至少还有5000Kw的输出功率。它可以带动5000Kw发电机发电，驱动火车、轮船行驶等，是绿色能源制造设备。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种大型永磁电动机，包括定子(1)和转子(20)，其特征在于：
    所述的定子(1)至少有八道能够进行循环驱动组合的并采用非磁导体材料作为磁区架的定子分磁区(4)相连，各定子分磁区(4)的内圆中等分装置有多个内置有定子永磁体(5)的定子永磁固定盒(7)，在固定盒(7)中的定子永磁体(5)N极的作功面紧靠定子(1)的内圆，呈向心装置，定子永磁体(5)周向排列要大于磁体作功面3倍的中心距，整机的定子永磁体(5)轴向排列行行成一线；
    所述的转子(20)是由与定子分磁区(4)相等数量的并采用非磁导体材料制作的转子分磁区架(21)并通过转子主轴(22)同轴组合而成，转子分磁区架(21)的外圆处等分装置有多只内置有转子永磁体(25)的转子永磁固定盒(26)；固定盒(26)中的转子永磁体(25)在转子分磁区架(21)的外圆处呈立式装置，转子永磁体25的N极朝向转子(20)的旋转方向；转子永磁体(25)周向排列有与定子永磁体(5)周向排列相同弧度的中心距，整机的转子永磁体(25)轴向排列每行按序有均等的差距，呈螺旋形，使转子(20)构成了能够与定子永磁体(5)进行循环驱动组合的旋转磁场。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的大功率永磁电动机，其特征在于：定子永磁固定盒(7)与转子永磁固定盒(26)都采用非磁感应材料注塑成型。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的永磁电动机，其特征在于：整只转子分磁区架(21)采用非磁感应材料注塑成型，转子分磁区架(21)外圆中等分有多个转子永磁体(25)安装的孔位。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的大功率永磁电动机，其特征在于：定子永磁体(5)非作功面紧吸有定子铁磁块(6)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的大功率永磁电动机，其特征在于：定子永磁体(5)的作功面要有转子永磁体(25)足够长的驱动行程宽度，其面积不小于70mm*70mm平方。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的大功率永磁电动机，其特征在于：转子永磁体(25)朝旋转方向的非作功面吸附有转子铁磁块(27)，该转子永磁体(25)S极作功面的磁极与定子永磁体(5)N极作功面的磁极互为异极而相吸装置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的大功率永磁电动机，其持征在于：定子(1)的其中一端装置有转子轴向移位油缸(30)，油缸(30)的主轴与轴瓦轴承套(28)相连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的大功率永磁电动机，其特征在于：转子主轴(22)的其中一端主轴轴颈(23)的内孔是主轴花键套(39)，电动机输出轴(31)伸在机体内一端是花键轴(38)，当旋转的转子(20)轴向移位时，花键套(39)在花键轴(38)的外部能长距离轴向滑动，保持电动机输出轴(31)不会轴向移动。
  9. 一种大型永磁电动机，包括圆柱形的定子(1)和设置在定子(1)内的转子(20)，其特征在于：
    所述定子(1)划分为沿轴向排列的多道环形定子分磁区(4)，每道环形定子分磁区(4) 的内侧沿圆周均布有多个定子永磁固定盒(7)，各定子永磁固定盒(7)内设置有定子永磁体(5)；
    并且，所有定子永磁体(5)的N极/S极作为作功面均向心设置，各定子分磁区(4)之间相邻的定子永磁体(5)均平行于轴向地呈一线排列，在同一道环形定子分磁区(4)中的相邻两个定子永磁体(5)的中心间距(D2)大于或等于各定子永磁体(5)的作功面之周向距离(D1)的3倍；
    所述转子(20)包括一转子主轴(22)和设置在转子主轴(22)外围、沿轴向排列的多道非磁导体材料制的转子分磁区架(21)，该转子分磁区架(21)的道数与定子分磁区(4)数量相同，各转子分磁区架(21)均与转子主轴(22)一起转动；
    各转子分磁区架(21)的外周均布有多个转子永磁固定盒(26)，各转子永磁固定盒(26)内设置有转子永磁体(25)，各转子永磁体(25)相对转子分磁区架(21)外周面竖直设置，且各转子永磁体(25)的S极/N极作为作功面朝向与转子(20)的旋转向相反的方向设置；
    并且，各转子分磁区架(21)中的相邻两个转子永磁体(25)的中心夹角(α)与各定子分磁区(4)中的相邻两个定子永磁体(5)的中心夹角(β)一致，相邻两个转子分磁区架(21)中的对应转子永磁体(25)的连线(L)不与轴向平行。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的大功率永磁电动机，其持征在于：各定子永磁固定盒(7)内、位于定子永磁体(5)之上吸附有定子铁磁块(6)，各转子永磁固定盒(26)内、位于转子永磁体(25)与旋转方向的同侧还吸附有转子铁磁块(27)。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的大功率永磁电动机，其持征在于：所述环形定子分磁区(4)数量为至少八道，定子(1)本体采用非磁导体材料，转子分磁区架(21)采用非磁导体材料。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的大功率永磁电动机，其持征在于：各定子永磁体(5)作功面的面积大于或等于70mmX70mm平方。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的大功率永磁电动机，其持征在于：各转子永磁体(25)与转子旋转方向相反方向的作功面的磁极与定子永磁体(5)作功面的磁极互为异极而相吸设置。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的大功率永磁电动机，其持征在于：各转子永磁体(25)的顶部向前侧或后侧倾斜设置。
  15. 根据权利要求9所述的大功率永磁电动机，其持征在于：所述定子(1)的一端设置有一转子轴向移位油缸(30)，该油缸(30)的主轴与一轴瓦轴承套(28)相连接。
  16. 根据权利要求9所述的大功率永磁电动机，其特征在于：所述转子主轴(22)的端部具有带内孔的轴颈(23)，轴颈(23)内传动连接有电动机输出轴(31)，电动机输出轴(31)的第一端伸出在定子(1)之外、第二端插入在轴颈(23)内孔中；
    所述轴颈(23)的内孔具有主轴花键套(39)，电动机输出轴(31)的第二端是花键轴 (38)，电动机输出轴(31)的花键轴(38)与主轴花键套(39)相配，当转子主轴(22)轴向移位时，花键套(39)能沿花键轴(38)轴向滑动。
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JP2009303361A (ja) * 2008-06-12 2009-12-24 Kura Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk 磁束分流制御回転電機システム
CN101355269A (zh) * 2008-09-18 2009-01-28 胡晓杰 一种高节能电动机
CN201341042Y (zh) * 2008-09-18 2009-11-04 胡晓杰 一种高节能电动机
DE102014019217A1 (de) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Stanzpaketieren eines Blechpakets
CN109274251A (zh) * 2018-11-15 2019-01-25 胡静波 一种永磁电动机
CN113193727A (zh) * 2021-05-05 2021-07-30 胡小杰 一种大型永磁造能机

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