WO2022227361A1 - 半波回折式定向微波探测天线 - Google Patents

半波回折式定向微波探测天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022227361A1
WO2022227361A1 PCT/CN2021/115958 CN2021115958W WO2022227361A1 WO 2022227361 A1 WO2022227361 A1 WO 2022227361A1 CN 2021115958 W CN2021115958 W CN 2021115958W WO 2022227361 A1 WO2022227361 A1 WO 2022227361A1
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Prior art keywords
wave
microwave detection
detection antenna
retroreflecting
wave oscillator
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PCT/CN2021/115958
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邹高迪
邹新
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深圳迈睿智能科技有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202121726640.2U external-priority patent/CN215816392U/zh
Application filed by 深圳迈睿智能科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳迈睿智能科技有限公司
Publication of WO2022227361A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022227361A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S13/52—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
    • G01S13/56—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds for presence detection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of microwave detection, in particular to a half-wave retroreflection type directional microwave detection antenna.
  • the microwave detection technology works based on the principle of the microwave Doppler effect. It can detect the movement of a target space to determine whether there is a human body entering and existing in the target space, so as to not violate human privacy. , which can detect moving objects, so it can be used in behavior detection and presence detection as an important link between people and objects, and it has a wide range of application prospects.
  • the corresponding microwave detection antenna is fed by an excitation signal to transmit a microwave beam corresponding to the frequency of the excitation signal to the target space, thereby forming a detection area in the target space, and receiving the microwave beam to be
  • a reflection echo formed by the reflection of a corresponding object in the detection area transmits an echo signal corresponding to the frequency of the reflection echo to a frequency mixing detection unit, wherein the frequency mixing detection unit mixes the excitation signal and the echo signal to output a Doppler intermediate frequency signal corresponding to the frequency/phase difference between the excitation signal and the echo signal, wherein based on the principle of the Doppler effect, in the reflection of the microwave beam
  • the Doppler intermediate frequency signal exhibits a corresponding amplitude fluctuation to feedback human activity.
  • the existing microwave detection antennas are mainly divided into a microwave detection antenna with a cylindrical radiation source structure and a microwave detection antenna with a flat radiation source structure (also known as a patch antenna).
  • the microwave detection antenna 10P of the columnar radiation source structure includes a columnar radiation source 11P and a reference ground 12P, wherein the reference ground 12P is provided with a radiation hole 121P, wherein the columnar radiation source 11P is fed from its feeding end 111P It extends straight to vertically penetrate the reference ground 12P through the radiation hole 121P, and a radiation gap 1211P is formed between the radiation hole 121P and the reference ground 12P, wherein the columnar radiation source 11P is far away from the Between one end of the feeding end 111P and the
  • the selectivity of echoes is therefore suitable for microwave detection based on the principle of the Doppler effect.
  • the columnar radiation source 11P when the columnar radiation source 11P is fed by the corresponding excitation signal at the feeding end 111P, the columnar radiation source 11P can Coupled with the reference ground 12P, a radiation space 100P is formed from the radiation slot 1211P with the cylindrical radiation source 11P as the central axis, wherein the radiation space 100P is radiated by the microwave detection antenna 10P of the cylindrical radiation source structure.
  • the microwave detection antenna 10P of the columnar radiation source structure has the same electromagnetic radiation range as the reference ground 12P as a boundary and has no directional radiation capability, and a detection dead zone is formed in the extending direction of both ends of the columnar radiation source 11P.
  • a large backward lobe with the reference ground 12P as the boundary, and the cylindrical radiation source 11P as the central axis in the extending direction of the two ends of the cylindrical radiation source 11P has an inner lobe. Concave detection dead zone.
  • the microwave detection antenna 10P of the columnar radiation source structure is perpendicular to the reference ground 12P thereof, compared to the microwave detection antenna of the flat radiation source structure of the flat plate structure, the The microwave detection antenna 10P of the columnar radiation source structure is easy to occupy a larger installation space in actual installation. Therefore, under the current pursuit of small and concise appearance aesthetics, the microwave detection antenna of the flat radiation source structure occupies a small space and is relatively
  • the planar size of the microwave detection antenna with the flat radiation source structure in the direction of its reference ground is directly limited by the area of its reference ground, and the microwave detection antenna with the flat radiation source structure is favored for its advantages of stability.
  • the area of its reference ground also has certain size requirements on the basis of the structure larger than the area of its flat radiation source, corresponding to the microwave detection antenna of the flat radiation source structure.
  • the microwave detection antenna 10P of the columnar radiation source structure in the direction of the reference ground 12P it is difficult to reduce the plane size of the reference ground direction.
  • the microwave detection antenna of the flat radiation source structure can occupy a smaller installation space in actual installation than the microwave detection antenna 10P of the columnar radiation source structure
  • the microwave detection antenna of the columnar radiation source structure The area of the reference ground 12P of the antenna 10P is allowed to be set smaller than the area of the reference ground of the microwave detection antenna of the flat radiation source structure, corresponding to the columnar radiation source structure of the microwave detection antenna 10P without considering the columnar radiation source structure.
  • the microwave detection antenna 10P of the columnar radiation source structure can occupy a smaller installation space than the microwave detection antenna of the flat radiation source structure. Therefore, the microwave detection antenna 10P with the columnar radiation source structure still has wide application requirements.
  • the microwave detection antenna 10P of the cylindrical radiation source structure has a large backward lobe with the reference ground 12P as the boundary, and the cylindrical radiation source 11P is the central axis at both ends of the cylindrical radiation source 11P.
  • There is a concave detection dead zone in the extending direction which corresponds to the situation that the detection area of the microwave detection antenna 10P of the columnar radiation source structure cannot match the target space, for example, the detection area is part of the target space.
  • Cross-overlapping conditions such as a state in which the target space outside the detection area cannot be effectively detected, and/or a state in which there is environmental interference, including motion interference, in the detection area outside the target space , electromagnetic interference and self-excited interference caused by the electromagnetic shielding environment, resulting in the problem of poor detection accuracy and/or poor anti-interference performance of the microwave detection antenna 10P of the columnar radiation source structure, that is, the microwave detection of the columnar radiation source structure.
  • the antenna 10P has poor detection stability in practical applications and limited adaptability to different application scenarios in practical applications.
  • the direction perpendicular to the reference ground 12P is the height direction of the microwave detection antenna 10P of the columnar radiation source structure.
  • the structure of the corresponding microwave detection device of the detection antenna 10P has certain requirements, and whether it is a microwave detection antenna 10P with a cylindrical radiation source structure or a microwave detection antenna with a flat radiation source structure, the coupling energy forming the radiation space is mainly concentrated in the radiation source. Between the reference ground and the corresponding radiation source, the resonance stability of the corresponding microwave detection antenna has strict electrical parameter requirements for the medium between the reference ground and the corresponding radiation source and the reference ground itself.
  • the circuit substrate that is arranged between the flat-plate radiation source and the reference ground to provide physical support for the structural design of the space between the two is usually made of expensive high-frequency plates to meet the requirements of all
  • the resonance stability of the microwave detection antenna with the flat radiation source structure requires the electrical parameters of the medium between the flat radiation source and the reference ground.
  • the corresponding microwave detection antenna 10P corresponds to the structural state shown in FIG. 2 in actual use, and often includes the independent reference ground 12P and the corresponding radiation source 11P.
  • the modular structure is erected on the main board 20P of the corresponding microwave detection device, which is not conducive to cost control and automated production control while having further requirements on the structural form of the corresponding microwave detection device.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna can generate directional radiation and has obvious resonance frequency points, which are correspondingly conducive to matching with the corresponding target space and It has the selectivity to the received reflected echo and the best emission performance at the resonant frequency point, so it is suitable for microwave detection based on the principle of Doppler effect.
  • the microwave probe antenna with the columnar radiation source structure that can form directional radiation but cannot generate obvious resonance frequency points is obtained
  • the deformed structure, where ⁇ is the wavelength parameter corresponding to the frequency of the corresponding excitation signal, the half-wave retroreflection directional microwave detection antenna further improved based on the deformed structure can retain the microwave detection antenna of the columnar radiation source structure It has advantages in structure and shape, and can form directional radiation and generate obvious resonance frequency points at the same time, and avoid the formation of detection dead zone in the direction of directional radiation, so it is suitable for microwave detection based on the principle of Doppler effect.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detecting antenna can form directional radiation, then under the same reference ground area conditions, the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave
  • the gain of the microwave detection antenna in the directional radiation direction can be increased in multiples relative to the microwave detection antenna of the cylindrical radiation source structure, which is beneficial to improve the detection distance and detection sensitivity of the half-wave retroreflection directional microwave detection antenna.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detecting antenna has an obvious resonance frequency point corresponding to the working frequency of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detecting antenna
  • the Q value is high and has good frequency selection characteristics, that is, the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna has good selectivity to the received reflected echoes and has strong anti-interference ability.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein the two ends of the half-wave oscillator are formed at a distance greater than or equal to ⁇ /128 and less than or equal to ⁇ /6 through the retroflex of the half-wave oscillator.
  • the vibrator is set at a distance from the reference ground in a state where both ends of the vibrator are close to the reference ground in a distance range greater than or equal to ⁇ /128, and at least one end of which is close to the reference ground in a distance range less than or equal to ⁇ /6
  • the energy of direct coupling between the end of the half-wave oscillator and the reference ground can be reduced, so that the directional radiation of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna can be formed and at the same time, based on the half-wave oscillator
  • the coupling between the two ends produces an obvious resonance frequency point, which is favorable for matching with the corresponding target space and having selectivity to the received reflected echo, so it is suitable for microwave detection
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein at least one end of the half-wave vibrator is close to the reference ground in a distance range greater than or equal to ⁇ /128 and less than or equal to ⁇ /6, and then the directional Under the premise of radiation, the area requirement for the reference ground is reduced, so as to facilitate the miniaturization of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein both ends of the half-wave oscillator can be coupled with each other, corresponding to the premise requirement of forming directional radiation, the electrical parameter requirements for the reference ground are reduced , that is, the reference ground is allowed to be set with other components without affecting the normal operation of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, so that under the limitation of suitable size and material of the circuit board, the The reference ground is formed in the form of a copper clad layer, and the half-wave oscillator is fixed on the circuit board in an electrical connection state coupled with the corresponding main circuit feed to form the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave probe
  • the non-modular integrated arrangement of the antenna and the corresponding Doppler microwave detection device can reduce the size of the Doppler microwave detection device, and at the same time, it is beneficial to simplify the production process of the Doppler microwave detection device and reduce the number of Production consumables for the Puller microwave detection device.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein the half-wave oscillator has an electrical length greater than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 3/4 wavelength, so as to facilitate the A phase difference that tends to be out of phase is formed between the two ends of the half-wave oscillator, which is beneficial to maximize the mutual coupling energy between the two ends of the half-wave oscillator and improve the half-wave retroreflection orientation.
  • the microwave probes the gain of the antenna and produces a distinct resonant frequency point.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein the half-wave oscillator has a feeding point, and the end of the half-wave oscillator that is close to the feeding point is named as the half-wave oscillator
  • the feeding end of the half-wave oscillator wherein the other end of the half-wave oscillator is far away from the reference ground relative to the feeding end, that is, the distance between the other end of the half-wave oscillator and the reference ground is greater than the feeding end
  • the distance from the reference ground so that when the feeding point feeds the half-wave oscillator, the other end of the half-wave oscillator can reach the reference ground in the direction of the half-wave oscillator.
  • the oscillator forms a hierarchical distribution of current density from high to low, which is beneficial to further reduce the energy of direct coupling between the two ends of the half-wave oscillator and the reference ground, and to form the two ends of the half-wave oscillator.
  • the vector superposition of the electric field between the reference ground and the electric field between the two ends of the half-wave vibrator further improves the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna while generating obvious resonance frequency points. gain.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein through the branch load design of the half-wave oscillator, the resonant frequency point of the half-wave retroreflective directional microwave detection antenna can be designed to match the corresponding The working frequency points are matched, so as to help ensure the anti-interference performance of the half-wave retro-folding directional microwave detection antenna, and at the same time, it is simple and easy to implement, which is conducive to ensuring the consistency of the half-wave retro-folding directional microwave detection antenna in mass production. and reliability.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein the half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detection antenna further includes a feeder line, wherein one end of the feeder line is electrically connected to the half-wave oscillator the feed point, wherein the feed line has an electrical length greater than or equal to 1/128 and less than or equal to 1/4 wavelength, so that when the other end of the feed line is connected to the excitation signal, The electrical connection between the wire and the feeding point is in a state in which the half-wave vibrator is spaced from the reference ground, and the half-wave vibrator is fed at the feeding point of the half-wave vibrator.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein the half-wave oscillator is designed in the form of a columnar strip, wherein the feed line is relatively opposite to the half-wave oscillator designed in the form of a columnar strip It is designed in bold, so as to tune the resonant frequency point of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna to match the corresponding operating frequency based on the bold design of the feed line, and at the same time improve the feedback of the feed line to the half-wave antenna.
  • the support strength of the wave oscillator improves the structural stability of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein the resonance frequency of the half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detection antenna is fixed between the half-wave oscillator, the branch load and the feed line Under the limitation of the connection relationship, it is determined by the electrical length of the half-wave oscillator, the branch load and the feeder. The connection relationship between them is maintained unchanged, and the slight deformation of the half-wave oscillator formed based on mass production errors and daily use is difficult to affect the working parameters of the half-wave retroreflection directional microwave detection antenna, that is, the half-wave
  • the wave-folding directional microwave detection antenna has good consistency and stability.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein the half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detection antenna further comprises a limit support base, wherein the limit support base is designed to support and/or The half-wave vibrator is fixed to reduce the probability of deformation of the half-wave vibrator during production, assembly and use, and to ensure the structural stability of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein based on the corresponding morphological design of the limiting support base, in a state where the half-wave oscillator is supported and/or fixed by the limiting support base,
  • the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna is due to the contact between the limit support seat and the half-wave oscillator and the impact of the limit support seat on the medium between the half-wave oscillator and the reference ground.
  • the loss caused by the influence can be reduced, so as to ensure the performance stability of the half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detection antenna while ensuring the structural stability of the half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detection antenna.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detection antenna, wherein the half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detection antenna further includes a microstrip transmission line, wherein one end of the microstrip transmission line is connected to the feeder line The state of the other end is spaced from the reference ground within a distance range less than or equal to ⁇ /16, so as to satisfy the corresponding impedance matching based on the length setting of the microstrip transmission line, and at the same time based on the microstrip transmission line in the range of less than or equal to In the distance range of ⁇ /16, the structure state spaced from the reference ground reduces the loss of the microstrip transmission line and ensures the gain of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna.
  • the other end When the other end is electrically coupled with the corresponding excitation circuit and connected to the excitation signal, it is electrically connected between the half-wave oscillator and the reference through the feeding line at the feeding point and the half-wave oscillator. In a state where the ground is spaced apart, the half-wave oscillator is fed at the feeding point of the half-wave oscillator.
  • the present invention provides a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna, the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna comprising:
  • a half-wave oscillator wherein the half-wave oscillator has an electrical length greater than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 3/4 wavelength, wherein the distance between the two ends of the half-wave oscillator is greater than or equal to ⁇ /128 and less than or equal to ⁇
  • the state of /6 is folded back and has a feeding point, wherein the feeding point is biased towards one end of the half-wave oscillator and is close to the end, so that the half-wave oscillator is connected at the feeding point
  • the state of being fed according to the excitation signal, the two ends of the half-wave oscillator can form a phase difference to couple with each other, wherein ⁇ is a wavelength parameter corresponding to the frequency of the excitation signal;
  • a reference ground wherein the distance between the two ends of the half-wave oscillator and the reference ground is greater than or equal to ⁇ /128, and the state where the distance between at least one end and the reference ground is less than or equal to ⁇ /6 is the same as The reference ground is spaced apart.
  • the end of the half-wave oscillator near the feeding point is named as the feeding end, and the distance between the feeding end of the half-wave oscillator and the reference ground is less than or equal to the other end distance from the reference ground.
  • the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna further includes a feed line, wherein the feed line is electrically connected to the feed point of the half-wave oscillator from the state where one end of the feed line is electrically connected.
  • the end extends in the direction toward the reference ground, wherein the feed line has an electrical length of greater than or equal to 1/128 and less than or equal to 1/4 wavelength, so as to electrically couple with the corresponding excitation circuit at the other end of the feed line
  • the half-wave oscillator is fed through the feed line at the feed point.
  • the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna further includes at least one branch load, wherein the branch load is in a state of being electrically connected with the half-wave oscillator between two ends of the half-wave oscillator. is loaded on the half-wave oscillator.
  • the half-wave oscillator is designed in the form of a columnar strip and has two coupling segments extending from its two ends in the same direction parallel to the reference ground, and connected in a direction perpendicular to the reference ground. A connecting segment between the two coupling segments.
  • the feed line has a size thickened relative to the half-wave oscillator in the extending direction of the two coupling sections.
  • the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna further includes a microstrip transmission line, wherein the end of the feed line far from the feed point is named as a fixed end, wherein the microstrip transmission line is named with its end.
  • One end is electrically connected to the fixed end and extends from the fixed end, and is spaced from the reference ground within a distance range less than or equal to ⁇ /16.
  • the microstrip transmission line is disposed from the fixed end to extend in the same direction in the extending direction of the coupling section.
  • the microstrip transmission line is arranged to extend oppositely from the fixed end in the extending direction of the coupling section.
  • At least one of the nodal loads is arranged to extend from the connecting section in a direction towards the reference ground.
  • the nodal loads extending from the connecting section in a direction towards the reference ground are arranged to extend to be electrically connected to the reference ground.
  • the physical length of the coupling section of the half-wave oscillator extending from the feeding end is smaller than the physical length of the other coupling section, so that the two ends of the half-wave oscillator are perpendicular to each other.
  • the staggered structural state is maintained with respect to the reference ground direction.
  • the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna further includes a limit support base, wherein the limit support base includes a base and a clamping limit portion extending in the same direction from the base and A half-wave vibrator support column, wherein the clamping and limiting portion is configured to support and limit the half-wave vibrator in a manner of clamping the feed line, wherein the feed line is clamped by the clamp
  • the end of the half-wave oscillator support column is opposite to the half-wave oscillator to form a support for the half-wave oscillator in the extending direction supported by the half-wave oscillator, and then the half-wave oscillator is in the state of being clamped by the limiting part.
  • the fixed state of the base forms the support and fixation of the half-wave oscillator.
  • the end of the half-wave oscillator support column is at a distance of ⁇ /16 to ⁇ /4 from the feed end.
  • the distance range is opposite to the half-wave oscillator.
  • the feed point is located at the feed end.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic structural principle diagram of a microwave detection antenna with a conventional columnar radiation source structure.
  • FIG. 1B is a radiation pattern of the microwave detection antenna of the cylindrical radiation source structure.
  • FIG. 1C is the S11 curve of the microwave detection antenna of the cylindrical radiation source structure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing microwave detection antenna designed in an independent modular structure and disposed on the main board of a corresponding microwave detection device.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a modified exploration structure of the microwave detection antenna based on the columnar radiation source structure.
  • FIG. 3B is a radiation pattern of the above deformation search structure.
  • FIG. 3C is the S11 curve of the above-mentioned deformation search structure.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of another modified exploration structure of the microwave detection antenna based on the columnar radiation source structure.
  • FIG. 4B is a radiation pattern of the above deformation search structure.
  • FIG. 4C is the S11 curve of the above-mentioned deformation search structure.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of the phase distribution principle of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna of the present invention when it is fed.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic structural principle diagram of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna of the present invention in a corresponding feeding mode.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a non-modular integrated structure of a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna and a corresponding Doppler microwave detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic structural diagram of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 7B is a radiation pattern of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7C is the S11 curve of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram of a tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 8B is a radiation pattern of the above-mentioned tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 8C is the S11 curve of the above-mentioned tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 9A is a schematic diagram of another tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 9B is a radiation pattern of the above-mentioned tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 9C is the S11 curve of the above-mentioned tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 10A is a schematic diagram of another tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 10B is a radiation pattern of the above-mentioned tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 10C is the S11 curve of the above-mentioned tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 11A is a schematic diagram of another tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 11B is a radiation pattern of the above-mentioned tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 11C is the S11 curve of the above-mentioned tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12A is a schematic diagram of a preferred tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 12B is a schematic view of the dimensions of the above-mentioned preferred tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 12C is a radiation pattern of the above-mentioned preferred tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 12D is a two-dimensional radiation pattern of the above-mentioned preferred tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 12E is the S11 curve of the above-mentioned preferred tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of another tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 14A is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the above-mentioned preferred tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention in a state where a limit support seat is provided.
  • 14B is a schematic side view of the preferred tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention in a state where the limiting support base is provided.
  • 15A is a schematic diagram of another tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.
  • 15B is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the above-mentioned tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention in a state where the position-limiting support base is provided.
  • the columnar radiation source 11A of the microwave detection antenna 10A with the columnar radiation source structure is bent to Deformation exploration of the end away from its feed end 111A close to the reference ground 12A within a distance range greater than or equal to ⁇ /128 and less than or equal to ⁇ /6, bending the columnar radiation source 11A so as to move away from its feed end 111A
  • ⁇ is the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the corresponding excitation signal parameter.
  • the corresponding radiation space 100A is bounded by the reference ground 12A
  • the backward lobe in the direction away from the cylindrical radiation source 11A decreases, corresponding to the direction of the cylindrical radiation source 11A (the Z-axis direction in the figure) with the reference ground 12A as the boundary to form directional radiation, wherein the directional radiation is The formation of , is also accompanied by an increase in the gain in the directional radiation direction and the annihilation of the radiation dead zone.
  • the corresponding microwave detection antenna can only avoid the actual situation corresponding to the backward lobe with a high probability only on the basis of forming directional radiation.
  • the detection area interferes with the forward target detection space, thereby ensuring the reliability of microwave detection.
  • the corresponding microwave detection antennas require resonant frequency points It can match with the operating frequency of 1, and when the resonant frequency has a narrow bandwidth and small loss, it can resist external electromagnetic radiation interference due to its good frequency selection characteristics, thereby ensuring the reliability of microwave detection.
  • the end of the columnar radiation source 11A away from its feed end 111A approaches the reference ground 12A
  • the end of the columnar radiation source 11A away from its feed end 111A The coupling distance with the reference ground 12A is reduced to facilitate the formation of directional radiation, but the coupling between the columnar radiation source 11A and the reference ground 12A is too concentrated and has a short coupling distance, so that the The energy distribution of the internal electric field formed by the coupling between the columnar radiation source 11A and the reference ground 12A is too concentrated, so it is difficult to generate an obvious resonance frequency point.
  • the present invention provides a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna based on the further improvement of the above deformation structure, so as to retain the structural advantages of the microwave detection antenna 10A with the columnar radiation source structure, and at the same time, it can form Directional radiation and the generation of obvious resonance frequency points, and the formation of detection dead zone in the direction of directional radiation is avoided, so it is suitable for microwave detection based on the principle of Doppler effect.
  • the half-wave folded directional microwave detection antenna 10 includes at least a half-wave vibrator 11 and a reference ground 12 , wherein by folding the half-wave vibrator 11 , the two ends of the half-wave vibrator 11 are formed to be greater than or equal to ⁇ /128 and are close to each other within a distance range of ⁇ /6 or less, so that when a phase difference is formed between the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 based on the corresponding feeding structure, the half-wave oscillator 11 Both ends can be coupled with each other and have relatively high coupling energy, and then the half-wave oscillator 11 is close to the reference ground 12 at a distance greater than or equal to ⁇ /128 at both ends, and at least one end is less than or equal to ⁇ .
  • the direct coupling energy between the end of the half-wave oscillator 11 and the reference ground 12 can be reduced, Furthermore, while forming the directional radiation of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10, an obvious resonance frequency point can be generated based on the coupling between the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11, which is beneficial to the corresponding target space. It is matched and has selectivity to the received reflected echo, so it is suitable for microwave detection based on the principle of Doppler effect.
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 has an electrical length of greater than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 3/4 of the wavelength, so that it is beneficial to the two sides of the half-wave oscillator 11 based on the corresponding feeding structure.
  • a phase difference that tends to be opposite is formed between the ends, so that when the half-wave oscillator 11 is folded back in a state where the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are close to each other within a distance range greater than or equal to ⁇ /128 and less than or equal to ⁇ /6, all The mutual coupling energy between the two ends of the half-wave vibrator 11 tends to be maximized to improve the gain of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 and generate obvious resonance frequency points.
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 is close to the reference ground 12 within a distance range greater than or equal to ⁇ /128 and less than or equal to ⁇ /6, under the premise of forming directional radiation, the The area requirement of the reference ground 12 is reduced, thus facilitating the miniaturization of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 .
  • the structural form of the half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detecting antenna 10 is formed in which the height is greatly reduced relative to the microwave detecting antenna 10A of the cylindrical radiation source structure, which is beneficial to the half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detecting antenna 10's further miniaturized design.
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 has a feeding point 110, wherein the feeding point 110 is biased toward one end of the half-wave oscillator 11 and is close to the end,
  • the end of the half-wave oscillator 11 close to the feeding point 110 is named as the feeding end 111 of the half-wave oscillator 11 , wherein the half-wave oscillator 11 is corresponding to the feeding point 110
  • the excitation signal is fed, it is set based on the electrical length of the half-wave oscillator 11 greater than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 3/4 wavelength, and the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are greater than or equal to ⁇ /128 and less than or equal to ⁇ .
  • the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 can be coupled with each other and have relatively high coupling energy.
  • the other end of the half-wave oscillator 11 is set away from the reference ground 12 relative to the feed end 111 , that is, the distance between the other end of the half-wave oscillator 11 and the reference ground 12 is greater than the distance between the other end of the half-wave oscillator 11 and the reference ground 12
  • the distance between the feeding end 111 and the reference ground 12 is determined so that when the feeding point 110 feeds the half-wave oscillator 11, the other end of the half-wave oscillator 11 can reach the half-wave oscillator 11.
  • a current density distribution is formed in the half-wave oscillator 11 from high to low, so as to further reduce the direct coupling between the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 and the reference ground 12 .
  • the gain of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 is further improved.
  • the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 can be coupled with each other, corresponding to the premise of forming directional radiation, the electrical parameter requirements for the reference ground 12 are reduced, that is, the reference ground 12 is allowed to be Setting other components will not affect the normal operation of the half-wave retro-folded directional microwave detection antenna 10, so that the half-wave can be formed by arranging the reference ground 12 on the circuit board carrying the corresponding components.
  • the non-modular integrated arrangement of the folded-back directional microwave detection antenna 10 in the corresponding Doppler microwave detection device can reduce the size of the Doppler microwave detection device, and at the same time is beneficial to simplify the production of the Doppler microwave detection device Process and reduce production consumables of the Doppler microwave detection device.
  • a half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention 10 is illustrated in the non-modular integrated form of the corresponding Doppler microwave detection device, wherein the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 is integrated in the Doppler microwave detection device in a non-modular form to form
  • the de-modular design of the antenna structure of the Doppler microwave detection device is beneficial to simplify the production process of the Doppler microwave detection device and reduce the size of the Doppler microwave detection device while reducing the size of the Doppler microwave detection device
  • the production consumables of the Doppler microwave detection device can thus reduce the production cost of the Doppler microwave detection device.
  • the Doppler microwave detection device includes the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10, and a circuit board 20 carrying the main circuit 21 of the Doppler microwave detection device, wherein the half-wave retro-reflection directional microwave detection antenna 10
  • the reference ground 12 of the wave-folding directional microwave detection antenna 10 is carried on the circuit board 20 in the form of a copper clad layer, and the half-wave oscillator 11 is electrically connected to the main circuit 21 in a fed state. It is fixed on the circuit board 20, so as to form the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 in a state of being integrated in the Doppler microwave detection device in a non-modular form.
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 is disposed on the circuit board 20 that carries the reference ground 12 .
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 is disposed on the circuit board 20 and carries the reference The space corresponding to the opposite side of the ground 12 , that is, the circuit board 20 is spaced between the half-wave oscillator 11 and the reference ground 12 , which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the existing microwave detection antenna of the columnar radiation source structure and the microwave detection antenna of the flat radiation source structure although the area size of the circuit board of the corresponding microwave detection device can be greatly increased, the existing microwave detection antenna can also be formed.
  • the de-modularized integration form of the microwave detection antenna and the circuit board of the corresponding microwave detection device but at the same time, the material of the circuit board of the corresponding microwave detection device has the requirement to match the corresponding microwave detection antenna, that is, the existing microwave detection antenna is in
  • the de-modularized integrated form of the circuit board of the corresponding microwave detection device increases the size of the corresponding microwave detection device and increases the cost of producing consumables for the corresponding microwave detection device.
  • the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 further includes The feeding lines 13 corresponding to the number of the half-wave oscillators 11 , wherein the feeding line 13 is electrically connected to the feeding point 110 of the half-wave oscillator 11 at one end from the end toward the feeding point 110 .
  • the reference ground 12 extends in the direction, wherein the other end of the feed line 13 is named as the fixed end 131, the reference ground 12 is provided with an isolation hole 121, the feed line 13 extends from the fixed end 131 and passes through the fixed end 131.
  • the isolation hole 121 penetrates the reference ground 12 to form an isolation gap 1211 between the reference ground 12 and the reference ground 12 to be electrically isolated from the reference ground 12 in physical structure.
  • the state in which the fixed end 131 is coupled with the corresponding excitation circuit and connected to the excitation signal is electrically connected with the feed end 111 of the half-wave oscillator 11 through the feed line 13 and is connected to the half-wave oscillator 11.
  • the physical support of the vibrator 11 forms a state in which the half-wave vibrator 11 is fed at the feeding end 111 and is arranged at a distance from the reference ground 12 .
  • the feed line 13 and the half-wave oscillator 11 are integrally designed, that is, the feed line 13 integrally extends from the feed end 111 of the half-wave oscillator 11 .
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 has an electrical length greater than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 3/4 wavelength
  • the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are greater than or equal to ⁇ / 128 and within a distance range of ⁇ /6 or less”
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 is close to the reference ground 12 with its two ends within a distance range greater than or equal to ⁇ /128, and at least one end of which is less than or equal to ⁇
  • the distance range of /6 is close to the state of the reference ground 12 and the reference ground 12 is set spaced apart from the reference ground 12.”
  • the feed line 13 and the half-wave oscillator 11 are defined.
  • the definition of the feeding terminal 111 of the half-wave vibrator 11 may not be unique, that is, the half-wave vibrator 11 may have multiple The position of the feed end 111 is described.
  • the other end of the half-wave oscillator 11 is taken as a clear end, when there is a position on the half-wave oscillator 11 that satisfies the above-described feed end 111, the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 can be coupled with each other and have relatively high coupling energy, so that when the half-wave oscillator 11 is formed, the half-wave oscillator 11 has a relatively high coupling energy.
  • the directional radiation of the wave-reflection directional microwave detection antenna 10 can also generate obvious resonance frequency points based on the coupling between the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 .
  • the feeder 13 is set to have an electrical length of less than or equal to 1/4 wavelength, so as to reduce the coupling between the feeder 13 and the reference ground 12 for the benefit of Ensure the electric field energy distribution formed by the coupling mode of the half-wave oscillator 11 itself and the reference ground 12 which is different from the microwave detection antenna 10A of the columnar radiation source structure, which is conducive to the formation of directional radiation and the generation of obvious radiation.
  • the gain of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 is improved while resonating the frequency point, and the formation of detection dead zone in the directional radiation direction is avoided.
  • the feeder 13 is set to have an electrical length equal to or greater than 1/128 wavelength, so that the half-wave oscillator 11 can be physically supported by the feeder 13 when the half-wave oscillator 11 is in the medium space of the air, forming all The half-wave vibrator 11 is in a state in which both ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are spaced apart from the reference ground 12 in a distance range greater than or equal to ⁇ /128.
  • the other end of the half-wave vibrator 11 is set away from the reference ground 12 relative to the feed end 111 , that is, the feed end of the half-wave vibrator 11
  • the distance between 111 and the reference ground 12 is smaller than the distance between the other end and the reference ground 12.
  • the other end of the half-wave oscillator 11 is set farther away from the With reference to the state of the ground 12 , the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are aligned in the direction perpendicular to the reference ground 12 , that is, the line connecting the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 is perpendicular to the reference ground 12 , so that the The direction from the other end of the half-wave oscillator 11 to the reference ground 12 forms a hierarchical distribution of current density from high to low in the half-wave oscillator 11 , and further forms a space between the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 .
  • the electric field is superimposed with the vector of the electric field between the two ends of the half-wave vibrator 11 and the reference ground 12, so it is beneficial to improve the half-wave retroreflection directional microwave detection antenna while generating obvious resonance frequency points. 10 gain.
  • the reference ground 12 is taken as the reference ground 12
  • the lobe in the backward direction of the boundary (the reverse direction of the Z axis in the figure) is reduced, and the radiation gain in the direction towards the half-wave oscillator 11 (the Z axis direction in the figure) bounded by the reference ground 12 is significantly With the increase (about 6.4dB), there is an obvious directional radiation bounded by the reference ground 12 in the direction of the half-wave oscillator 11 .
  • the S11 curve of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 exhibits relatively high loss in each frequency band, it exhibits an obvious narrow wave trough near 6.8 GHz. That is, the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 of this embodiment of the present invention exhibits a distinct resonance characteristic that allows it to be tuned based on a corresponding tuning structure.
  • FIGS. 8A to 8C of the accompanying drawings of the present invention a further tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 illustrated in FIG. 7A is illustrated, which is different from the half-wave illustrated in FIG. 7A .
  • the tuning structure of the turn-back directional microwave detection antenna 10, in this structure of the present invention the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are staggered in the direction perpendicular to the reference ground 12. Specifically, the half-wave oscillator 11 is staggered.
  • the feed end 111 is a reference end, and the other end of the half-wave oscillator 11 is offset in the extension direction of the end so that the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are staggered in the direction perpendicular to the reference ground 12 .
  • the state of setting is to form a pair between the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 in a state of "the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are close to each other within a distance range of ⁇ /128 or more and less than or equal to ⁇ /6".
  • the fine-tuning of the distance is equivalent to adjusting the shape of the half-wave oscillator 11 .
  • the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 in the state where both ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are staggered in the direction perpendicular to the reference ground 12 , the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 The resonant frequency point is adjusted relative to the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 shown in FIG. 7A, and relative to the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 shown in FIG.
  • Significantly improved radiation gain that is, the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 remain aligned in the direction perpendicular to the reference ground 12 corresponding to FIG.
  • the end 111 is the reference end, and the other end of the half-wave vibrator 11 is offset in a certain range in the extension direction of this end, which has the benefit of improving the radiation gain of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 in the directional radiation direction. Effect.
  • FIGS. 9A to 9C of the accompanying drawings of the present invention a further tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 illustrated in FIG. 8A is illustrated, wherein in this tuning structure of the present invention, all The half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 is further provided with at least one branch load 15, wherein the branch load 15 is loaded on the half-wave vibrator 11, and is set based on the electrical length of the branch load 15 wavelength and is The load position of the half-wave oscillator 11 can be adjusted, and the resonant frequency of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 can be adjusted to match the corresponding working frequency, corresponding to the number, shape, The electrical length of the wavelength and the loading position are various and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.
  • this tuning structure of the present invention an example of tuning is performed in the ISM working frequency band of 5.8 GHz, and the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are staggered in the direction perpendicular to the reference ground 12 corresponding to FIG. 8A , and further Ground, one end of the branch load 15 is electrically connected to the position of the half-wave vibrator 11 which is biased towards the feeding end 111, so that the position of the half-wave vibrator 11 which is biased towards the feeding terminal 111 is Loaded on the half-wave oscillator 11 .
  • the tuning structure of the present invention can form the resonant frequency point of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 and the ISM working frequency band of 5.8 GHz matching, and has a further improved radiation gain in the directional radiation direction.
  • the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 exhibits obvious resonance characteristics and allows the The tuning structure is tuned, wherein the tuning means for the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 are various and can be combined with each other, wherein the tuning means for the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 include but are not limited to all Adjustment of the electrical length of the half-wave oscillator 11, adjustment of the electrical length of the feeder 13, and adjustment of the number, shape, electrical length and load position of the branch load 15 based on the setting of the branch load 15 , therefore, based on the structural principle of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 illustrated in FIG.
  • the half-wave vibrator has an electrical length greater than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 3/4 wavelength” and “ Both ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are close to each other within a distance range greater than or equal to ⁇ /128 and less than or equal to ⁇ /6" and "the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are close to each other within a distance range greater than or equal to ⁇ /128.
  • the reference ground, and the state where at least one end is close to the reference ground 12 in a distance range less than or equal to ⁇ /6 is set at a distance from the reference ground 12 ", can exhibit any obvious resonance characteristics.
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 has various shapes and can be adapted to different shape requirements, and allows the matching of the resonance frequency point and the working frequency point of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 based on corresponding tuning means, including but not limited to 5.8GHz, 10.525GHz, 24.15GHz, 60-62GHz and 77-79GHz ISM frequency band operating frequency.
  • the tuning example is also performed with the ISM working frequency band of 5.8 GHz.
  • the branch load 15 based on the half-wave retroflex shown in FIG. 8A
  • Another tuning structure of the type directional microwave detection antenna 10 is illustrated, wherein compared to the tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflection type directional microwave detection antenna 10 shown in FIG. 9A, in this tuning structure of the present invention, the branch load 15.
  • the half-wave vibrator 11 is loaded on the half-wave vibrator 11 at a position that is biased towards the feeding end 111, and has a block shape design, so that the half-wave vibrator 11 is loaded with the branches.
  • the load position of the load 15 forms a bold design for the physical form of the half-wave oscillator 11 .
  • the backward radiation of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 based on the above-mentioned structural design with the reference ground 12 as a boundary is significantly weakened and has good directional radiation characteristics, and is directional.
  • the radiation direction has a radiation gain of up to 8dB, and the S11 curve of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 exhibits obvious resonance characteristics, and has a lower loss (below -30dB) at the resonance frequency point and at the resonance frequency.
  • the spot has a narrow frequency bandwidth, so it has excellent performance, is suitable for microwave detection and has good anti-interference performance and high sensitivity and reliability.
  • FIGS. 11A to 11C of the accompanying drawings of the present invention through further debugging of the branch load 15 , a further tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 shown in FIG. 9A is illustrated.
  • this tuning structure of the present invention through the combination of different tuning means for the branch load 15, specifically on the basis of the tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflection directional microwave detection antenna 10 shown in FIG. 9A, the combination is
  • the tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 shown in FIG. 11A is formed by adjusting the shape of the branch load 15, the electrical length of the wavelength, the load position and the electrical connection relationship.
  • one end of the branch load 15 is electrically connected to the half-wave oscillator 11 at a position where the half-wave oscillator 11 is biased toward the feed end 111 , that is, the branch load.
  • the load position of 15 is located at the position of the half-wave oscillator 11 which is biased towards the feed end 111 , and the other end of the branch load 15 is electrically connected to the reference ground 12 .
  • the electrical connection between the branch load 15 and the reference ground 12 reduces the impedance of the half-wave retroreflected directional microwave detection antenna 10 at the resonant frequency, corresponding to the The improvement of the quality factor (Q value) of the wave retroreflection directional microwave detection antenna 10, thereby narrowing the frequency bandwidth of the half-wave retroflex directional microwave detection antenna 10 at the resonance frequency (specifically based on FIG. 11C and FIG. 9C and FIG. 10C The comparison is reflected), which is beneficial to improve the anti-interference performance of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10, but because the half-wave oscillator 11 is in the fed state in the central region, the state tends to zero potential ( Corresponding to FIG.
  • the electrical connection relationship between the branch load 15 and the reference ground 12 reduces the half-wave oscillator 11 at the same time.
  • the electric field energy distribution formed by the coupling between itself and the reference ground 12 reduces the radiation efficiency of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10, which is correspondingly reflected in the The reduction of the directional radiation gain (specifically based on the comparison of FIG. 11B with FIGS.
  • the microwave detection antenna 10A with the columnar radiation source structure can still form directional radiation and has a relatively high radiation gain in the directional radiation direction
  • the S11 curve of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 exhibits obvious resonance characteristics, and has a lower loss resonance frequency point and a narrower frequency bandwidth at the resonance frequency point, so it has a higher resistance. interfere with performance.
  • the electrical length of the feeder 13 is set based on the configuration of the shape of the feeder 13 .
  • the feeding wire 13 is allowed to be set in a bent shape toward the reference ground 12 .
  • the fine-tuning of the radiation efficiency of the foldback directional microwave detection antenna 10 corresponds to the half-wave foldback directional microwave detection antenna 10 also has good directional radiation characteristics, and has a higher radiation gain in the directional radiation direction.
  • the different lengths and shapes of the feed lines 13 are arranged to form the matching between the resonant frequency point and the working frequency point of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 .
  • FIGS. 12A to 12E of the accompanying drawings of the description of the present invention an example of tuning is performed with the ISM working frequency band of 5.8 GHz.
  • the branch load 15 and the feeder 13 Through further debugging of the branch load 15 and the feeder 13, based on the results shown in FIG.
  • a further preferred tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 is illustrated, wherein in this preferred tuning structure of the present invention, one end of the branch load 15 is at the deflection of the half-wave oscillator 11 to the feeding end
  • the position of 111 is electrically connected to the half-wave vibrator 11, and at the same time, in the state where the feeder 13 and the half-wave vibrator 11 are arranged in the form of a columnar strip, the feeder 13 is relatively opposite to the half-wave vibrator 11.
  • the vibrator 11 is designed in bold.
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 is arranged on the same plane in the structural design, and in the half-wave The state in which the distance between the feeding end 111 of the oscillator 11 and the reference ground 12 is smaller than the distance between the other end of the half-wave oscillator 11 and the reference ground 12 is defined by the half-wave oscillator 11
  • the plane is perpendicular to the structural design of the reference ground 12 .
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 is folded back from the end opposite to the feed end 111, in the direction parallel to the reference ground 12, and toward the reference ground, and The opposite direction extends parallel to the reference ground 12 , corresponding to the half-wave oscillator 11 having two coupling sections 112 extending in the same direction from both ends thereof and connecting to the two coupling sections in a direction perpendicular to the reference ground 12 A connecting section 113 between the two coupling sections 112 , wherein the feed line 13 has a thickened dimension relative to the half-wave oscillator 11 in the extending direction of the two coupling sections 112 .
  • the branch load 15 is arranged to extend from the connection section 113 in the direction toward the reference ground 12, and has a physical length of 2.6 mm within a 20% error range, wherein the feed is provided
  • the coupling section 112 of the end 111 has a physical length tending to 11.55mm within a 20% error range
  • the other coupling section 112 has a physical length tending to 14.50mm within a 20% error range
  • the distance between the coupling section 112 of the feeding terminal 111 and the reference ground 12 tends to be 3.00 mm within a 20% error range, that is, the distance between the feeding terminal 111 and the reference ground 12 It tends to be 3.00mm within a 20% error range, wherein the distance between the two coupling segments 112 tends to be 1.2mm within a 20% error range.
  • the backward radiation of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 based on the above-mentioned structural design with the reference ground 12 as the boundary is significantly weakened and has good directional radiation characteristics.
  • the radiation direction has a radiation gain of up to 7.5dB, and the beam angle of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna is relatively large (corresponding to Fig. 12D is greater than 80 degrees), corresponding to the vertical detection application, the half-wave retroreflecting directional
  • the detection area covered by the microwave detection antenna 10 is relatively large, and in the horizontal detection application, the radiation sector angle of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna is also relatively large, and the corresponding detection area is relatively large.
  • the half-wave retro-folded directional microwave detection antenna 10 has a long detection distance and a large sector angle, and can realize microwave detection in a large area and a large area.
  • the S11 curve of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 presents an obvious resonant frequency point near 5.8 GHz and can match the ISM working frequency band of 5.8 GHz.
  • the loss at the resonance frequency is as low as -20dB or less and has a narrow frequency bandwidth, corresponding to the excellent anti-interference performance of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 .
  • the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 of the present invention in view of the influence of the branch load 15 on the electrical length of the half-wave oscillator 11, based on the half-wave
  • the electrical length of the oscillator 11 is allowed to have a 20% error in the conversion of the physical length of the half-wave oscillator 11.
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 Corresponding to the state of the half-wave oscillator 11 in the medium space of air, the half-wave oscillator 11 has a value greater than or equal to 0.4 ⁇ and a physical length of less than or equal to 0.9 ⁇ .
  • the resonance frequency of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detecting antenna 10 is at the half-wave oscillator 11, the Under the limitation of the fixed connection relationship between the branch load 15 and the feeder 13, it is determined by the electrical length of the wavelength of the half-wave oscillator 11, the branch load 15 and the feeder 13.
  • the electrical length of the wavelength of the oscillator 11 , the branch load 15 and the feed line 13 and the connection relationship between them are maintained in a state where the light weight of the half-wave oscillator 11 is formed based on mass production errors and daily use. It is difficult for the deformation to affect the working parameters of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10, and accordingly the Doppler microwave detection device has good consistency and stability.
  • the half-wave oscillator has an electrical length of greater than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 3/4 of the wavelength” and "the two ends of the half-wave oscillator 11 are close to each other within a distance range greater than or equal to ⁇ /128 and less than or equal to ⁇ /6" and "the half-wave oscillator 11 is at a distance greater than or equal to ⁇ /128 at both ends of the half-wave oscillator 11.
  • the range is close to the reference ground 12, and at least one end is close to the reference ground 12 in a distance range less than or equal to ⁇ /6, and the half-wave oscillator is set at an interval from the reference ground 12.
  • the number, arrangement and structural form of 11 do not limit the present invention.
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 is arranged to be carried on the corresponding substrate in the form of a microstrip line.
  • the difference is that the half-wave oscillator 11 has two coupling sections 112 extending in the same direction from both ends thereof and is connected to the two coupling sections 112 in the direction perpendicular to the reference ground 12 .
  • connection segment 113 between the coupling segments 112 in this embodiment of the present invention, the connection segment 113 connected between the two coupling segments 112 has a sequence from its two ends in the direction of the Refer to the structural design of the ground 12 extending in the same direction and extending in the opposite direction to be integrally connected.
  • the structural stability of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 is further optimized.
  • the above-mentioned preferred tuning structure of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 is taken as an example for optimization.
  • the half-wave retroreflective directional microwave detection antenna 10 is further provided with a limit support seat, and the corresponding optimized structure is shown in FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B .
  • the limit support seat 16 is designed to support and/or fix the half-wave oscillator 11, and is designed based on the corresponding shape of the limit support seat 16, where the half-wave oscillator 11 is
  • the limit support seat 16 is supported and/or fixed, the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 is supported by the contact between the limit support seat 16 and the half-wave oscillator 11 and the limit support
  • the loss caused by the influence of the seat 16 on the medium between the half-wave oscillator 11 and the reference ground 12 can be reduced, so as to ensure the structural stability of the half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 at the same time.
  • the performance stability of the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 is illustrated, wherein the limit support seat 16 is designed to support and/or fix the half-wave oscillator 11, and is designed based on the corresponding shape of the limit support seat 16, where the half-wave oscillator 11 is
  • the limit support seat 16 is supported and/or fixed, the half-wave retroreflecting
  • the limiting support base 16 includes a base 163 , a clamping limiting portion 161 and a half-wave oscillator support column 162 extending in the same direction from the base 163 , wherein the clamping limiting portion 161 is The setting is adapted to form the support and limit of the half-wave vibrator 11 by clamping the feeding wire 13 , wherein in the state that the feeding wire 13 is clamped by the clamping and limiting part 161 , the The end of the half-wave oscillator support column 162 is opposite to the half-wave oscillator 11 to form a support for the half-wave oscillator 11 in the extending direction of the half-wave oscillator supporting 162 , and is then fixed on the base 163 . state, forming the support and fixation of the half-wave oscillator 11 .
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 integrally extends from the feeder 13 and can be fixed based on the base 163 . fixed, so as to avoid the direct contact between the clamping limit part 161 and the half-wave oscillator 11 and the influence on the medium between the half-wave oscillator 11 and the reference ground 12, and the corresponding reduction due to the limit The contact between the position support seat 16 and the half-wave oscillator 11 and the loss caused by the influence of the limit support seat 16 on the medium between the half-wave oscillator 11 and the reference ground 12 .
  • the end of the half-wave oscillator support column 162 is at a distance of ⁇ /16 to ⁇ /4 from the feeding end 111 .
  • the distance range is opposite to the half-wave oscillator 11, so as to reduce the loss caused by the direct contact between the half-wave oscillator support column 162 and the half-wave oscillator 11, and correspondingly further reduce the distance between the limit support base 16 and the half-wave oscillator 11. The loss caused by the contact between the half-wave oscillators 11 .
  • the half-wave retroreflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10 further includes a microstrip transmission line 17, wherein the microstrip transmission line 17 is in a state where one end of the microstrip transmission line 17 is connected to the fixed end 131 of the feed line 13.
  • the structure state spaced from the reference ground 12 within the distance range reduces the loss of the microstrip transmission line 17 and ensures the gain of the half-wave retro-reflecting directional microwave detection antenna 10, and then the microstrip connecting line 17
  • the other end is electrically coupled with the corresponding excitation circuit to connect to the excitation signal, it is electrically connected to the half-wave oscillator 11 at the feeding point 110 via the feed line 13 .
  • the half-wave oscillator 11 is fed at the feeding point 110 of the half-wave oscillator 11 in a state in which 11 is spaced apart from the reference ground 12 .
  • the extension direction and structural form of the microstrip transmission line 17 can be varied.
  • the microstrip transmission line 17 has opposite extension directions, while in other tuning structures of the half-wave retroreflection directional microwave detection antenna 10 of the present invention , the microstrip transmission line 17 is bent and extended to adapt to the size and circuit arrangement of the corresponding circuit board.

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Abstract

本发明提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其包括一半波振子和一参考地面，其中所述半波振子具有大于等于1/2且小于等于3/4波长的电长度，其中所述半波振子以其两端之间的距离大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的状态被回折并具有一馈电点，其中所述馈电点偏向所述半波振子的其中一端而与该端靠近，其中所述半波振子以其两端与所述参考地面之间的距离大于等于λ/128，且其中至少一端与所述参考地面之间的距离小于等于λ/6的状态与所述参考地面相间隔，以在所述半波振子于所述馈电点被接入相应激励信号而被馈电时，所述半波振子的两端能够形成相位差而相互耦合，其中λ为与所述激励信号的频率相对应的波长参数。

Description

半波回折式定向微波探测天线 技术领域
本发明涉及微波探测领域，特别涉及一半波回折式定向微波探测天线。
背景技术
微波探测技术是基于微波多普勒效应原理进行工作的，其能够对一目标空间的活动动作进行探测，以判断所述目标空间内是否有人体进入和存在，从而在不侵犯人隐私的情况下，探测出活动物体，因而能够作为人与物，物与物之间相联的重要枢纽被应用于行为探测和存在探测而具有广泛的应用前景。具体地，相应微波探测天线被一激励信号馈电而发射对应所述激励信号的频率的一微波波束至所述目标空间，进而于所述目标空间形成一探测区域，和接收所述微波波束被所述探测区域内的相应物体反射形成的一反射回波而传输对应所述反射回波频率的一回波信号至一混频检波单元，其中所述混频检波单元混频所述激励信号和所述回波信号，以输出对应于所述激励信号和所述回波信号之间的频率/相位差异的一多普勒中频信号，其中基于多普勒效应原理，在反射所述微波波束的所述物体处于运动的状态时，所述回波信号与所述激励信号之间具有一定的频率/相位差异而于所述多普勒中频信号呈现相应的幅度波动以反馈人体活动。
现有的微波探测天线依辐射源的结构主要分为柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线和平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线(又称贴片天线)。具体地，参考本发明的说明书附图之图1A至图1C所示，现有的柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P的结构原理和对应该结构原理的辐射方向图以及S11曲线分别被示意，其中所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P包括一柱状辐射源11P和一参考地面12P，其中所述参考地面12P被设置有一辐射孔121P，其中所述柱状辐射源11P自其馈电端111P径直延伸以经所述辐射孔121P垂直穿透所述参考地面12P，并于所述辐射孔121P与所述参考地面12P之间形成有一辐射缝隙1211P，其中所述柱状辐射源11P的远离所述馈电端111P的一端与所述参考地面12P之间具有大于等于四分之一波长的电长度，以使得所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P能够具有相应谐振频率而具有对所述反射回波的选择性，因而适用于基于多普勒效应原理的微波探测，对应在所述柱状辐射源11P于所述馈电端111P被相应的 激励信号馈电时，所述柱状辐射源11P能够与所述参考地面12P耦合而自所述辐射缝隙1211P以所述柱状辐射源11P为中心轴形成一辐射空间100P，其中所述辐射空间100P为所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P辐射的电磁波的覆盖范围，其中在相应激励信号的激励下，所述柱状辐射源11P的远离所述馈电端111P的一端的电流密度最大，则在所述参考地面12P的适宜面积设置下，所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P以所述参考地面12P为界的前后电磁辐射范围趋于一致而不具备定向辐射能力，并在所述柱状辐射源11P的两端的延伸方向形成有探测死区，对应所述辐射空间100P呈现以所述参考地面12P为界具有较大的后向波瓣，和以所述柱状辐射源11P为中心轴在所述柱状辐射源11P的两端的延伸方向具有内凹的探测死区。
进一步地，由于所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P的所述柱状辐射源11P垂直于其所述参考地面12P，相对于趋于平板结构的所述平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线，所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P在实际安装中易占用更大的安装空间，因而在如今追求小型简洁的外观审美趋势下，所述平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线因占用空间小和相对稳定的优势而备受青睐，然而，由于所述平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线在其参考地面方向的平面尺寸直接受限于其参考地面的面积，且所述平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线对其平板辐射源具有一定的尺寸要求，以致其参考地面的面积在满足大于其平板辐射源的面积的结构基础上同样具有一定的尺寸要求，对应使得所述平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线在其参考地面方向的平面尺寸相对于所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P在其所述参考地面12P方向的平面尺寸难以降低。也就是说，虽然所述平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线相对于所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P能够在实际安装中占用更小的安装空间，但所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P的所述参考地面12P的面积允许被设置小于所述平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线的参考地面的面积，对应在无需考虑所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P在其所述柱状辐射源11P方向的占用空间的安装场景时，所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P相对于所述平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线反而能够占用更小的安装空间。因此，所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P仍具有广泛的应用需求。
但所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P以所述参考地面12P为界具有较大的后向波瓣，和以所述柱状辐射源11P为中心轴在所述柱状辐射源11P的两端 的延伸方向具有内凹的探测死区，对应造成所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P的所述探测区域无法与所述目标空间相匹配的状况，例如所述探测区域与所述目标空间部分交叉重合的状况，如此以在所述探测区域之外的所述目标空间无法被有效探测的状态，和/或在所述目标空间之外的所述探测区域存在环境干扰的状态，包括动作干扰、电磁干扰以及因电磁屏蔽环境造成的自激干扰，造成所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P探测精准度差和/或抗干扰性能差的问题，即所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P在实际应用中具有较差的探测稳定性而在实际应用中于不同应用场景的适应能力有限。
此外，以垂直于所述参考地面12P方向为所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P的高度方向，所述柱状辐射源11P具有较高的高度而对设置有所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P的相应微波探测装置的结构形态具有一定的要求，且无论是柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10P还是平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线，形成所述辐射空间的耦合能量主要集中于所述参考地面与相应的辐射源之间，相应微波探测天线的谐振稳定性对所述参考地面与相应辐射源之间的介质及所述参考地面本身具有严苛的电参数要求，例如在所述平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线中，被设置于其平板辐射源和参考地面之间以为两者之间相互间隔的结构设计提供物理支撑的电路基板通常采用价格昂贵的高频板材，以满足所述平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线的谐振稳定性对其平板辐射源和参考地面之间的介质的电参数要求。如此则出于对相应微波探测天线10P的谐振稳定性考量，相应微波探测天线10P在实际使用中对应于图2所示意的结构状态，常以包括所述参考地面12P与相应辐射源11P的独立模块化结构被架设于相应的微波探测装置的主板20P，在对相应微波探测装置的结构形态具有进一步的要求的同时，不利于成本的控制和自动化的生产控制。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线能够产生定向辐射并具有明显的谐振频点，对应有利于与相应的目标空间相匹配和具有对所接收的反射回波的选择性以及具有在所述谐振频点的最佳发射性能，因而适用于基于多普勒效应原理的微波探测。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中鉴于在所 述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线的结构基础上，将所述柱状辐射源弯折以将远离其馈电端的一端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围内靠近所述参考地面的变形探索，获得了能够形成定向辐射但无法产生明显的谐振频点的所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线的变形结构，其中λ为与相应激励信号的频率相对应的波长参数，基于该变形结构进一步改良而成的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线能够保留所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线在结构形态上的优势，并同时能够形成定向辐射和产生明显的谐振频点，以及避免了于定向辐射方向形成探测死区，因而适用于基于多普勒效应原理的微波探测。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线能够形成定向辐射，则在同样的参考地面的面积条件下，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线在定向辐射方向的增益相对于所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线能够呈倍数地被提升，因而有利于提高所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的探测距离和探测灵敏度。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线具有明显的谐振频点，对应所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线在工作频点上的Q值高而具有良好的选频特性，即所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线对所接收的反射回波具有良好的选择性而具有较强的抗干扰能力。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中通过对所述半波振子的回折，形成所述半波振子的两端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围内相互靠近的状态，如此以在基于相应的馈电结构于所述半波振子的两端之间形成相位差时，所述半波振子的两端能够相互耦合，继而在所述半波振子以其两端在大于等于λ/128的距离范围靠近所述参考地面，且其中至少一端在小于等于λ/6的距离范围靠近所述参考地面的状态与所述参考地面相间隔地被设置时，能够降低所述半波振子的端部与所述参考地面之间直接耦合的能量，进而在形成所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的定向辐射的同时能够基于所述半波振子的两端之间的耦合产生明显的谐振频点，对应有利于与相应的目标空间相匹配和具有对所接收的反射回波的选择性，因而适用于基于多普勒效应原理的微波探测。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波振子的至少一端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围靠近所述参考 地面，则在形成定向辐射的前提要求下，对所述参考地面的面积要求被降低，如此以有利于所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的微型化。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波振子的两端能够相互耦合，对应在形成定向辐射的前提要求下，对所述参考地面的电参数要求被降低，即所述参考地面允许被设置其他元器件而不影响所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的正常工作，如此以能够在适宜的电路主板的尺寸和材质限制下，通过在所述电路主板以覆铜层形态形成所述参考地面，和将所述半波振子以与相应主体电路馈电耦合的电性连接状态固定于所述电路主板的方式，形成所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线于相应多普勒微波探测装置的非模块化集成设置，因而能够降低所述多普勒微波探测装置的尺寸，同时有利于简化所述多普勒微波探测装置的生产工艺和减少所述多普勒微波探测装置的生产耗材。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波振子具有大于等于1/2且小于等于3/4波长的电长度，如此以有利于基于相应的馈电结构于所述半波振子的两端之间形成趋于反相的相位差，进而有利于使得所述半波振子的两端之间相互耦合的能量趋于最大化而提高所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的增益和产生明显的谐振频点。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波振子具有一个馈电点，对应命名所述半波振子的靠近所述馈电点的一端为所述半波振子的馈电端，其中所述半波振子的另一端相对所述馈电端远离所述参考地面，即所述半波振子的另一端与所述参考地面之间的距离大于所述馈电端与所述参考地面之间的距离，如此以在于所述馈电点对所述半波振子馈电时，能够在所述半波振子的另一端至所述参考地面方向，于所述半波振子形成电流密度由高至低的层阶分布，从而有利于进一步降低所述半波振子的两端部与所述参考地面之间直接耦合的能量，和形成所述半波振子的两端部与所述参考地面之间的电场同所述半波振子的两端部之间的电场的矢量叠加，进而在产生明显的谐振频点的同时进一步提高所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的增益。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中通过对所述半波振子的枝节负载设计，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的谐振频点能够被设计以与相应的工作频点相匹配，从而有利于保障所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的抗干扰性能，同时简单易行，有利于保障所述半波回折式定向微波探测 天线在批量生产中的一致性和可靠性。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线进一步包括一馈电线，其中所述馈电线的一端被电性连接于所述半波振子的所述馈电点，其中所述馈电线具有大于等于1/128且小于等于1/4波长的电长度，以在于所述馈电线的另一端接入所述激励信号时，经所述馈电线与所述馈电点的电性连接在所述半波振子与所述参考地面相间隔的状态，于所述半波振子的所述馈电点对所述半波振子馈电。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波振子以柱状长条形态被设计，其中所述馈电线相对于以柱状长条形态被设计的所述半波振子被加粗设计，以基于对所述馈电线的加粗设计调谐所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的谐振频点至与相应工作频率相匹配的同时，提高所述馈电线对所述半波振子的支撑强度而提高所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的结构稳定性。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的谐振频点在所述半波振子，所述枝节负载以及所述馈电线之间固定的连接关系的限制下，由所述半波振子，所述枝节负载以及所述馈电线的电长度确定，在所述半波振子，所述枝节负载以及所述馈电线的电长度和相互之间的连接关系被维持不变的状态，基于批量生产误差和日常使用所形成的所述半波振子的轻度形变难以影响所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的工作参数，即所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线具有良好的一致性和稳定性。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线进一步包括一限位支撑座，其中所述限位支撑座被设计用以支撑和/或固定所述半波振子，以降低所述半波振子在生产装配及使用过程中产生形变的概率而保障所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的结构稳定性。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中基于所述限位支撑座的相应形态设计，在所述半波振子被所述限位支撑座支撑和/或固定的状态，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线因所述限位支撑座与所述半波振子之间的接触和所述限位支撑座对所述半波振子与所述参考地面之间的介质的影响而产生的损耗能够被降低，以在保障所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的结构稳定性的同时保障所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的性能稳定性。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线进一步包括一微带传输线，其中所述微带传输线以其一端被连接于所述馈电线的另一端的状态在小于等于λ/16的距离范围内与所述参考地面相间隔，以基于对所述微带传输线的长度设置满足相应的阻抗匹配，同时基于所述微带传输线在小于等于λ/16的距离范围内与所述参考地面相间隔的结构状态减小所述微带传输线的损耗而保障所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的增益，进而在所述微带连接线于其另一端与相应激励电路电性耦合而接入所述激励信号时，经所述馈电线于所述馈电点与所述半波振子的电性连接在所述半波振子与所述参考地面相间隔的状态，于所述半波振子的所述馈电点对所述半波振子馈电。
根据本发明的一个方面，本发明提供一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线包括：
一半波振子，其中所述半波振子具有大于等于1/2且小于等于3/4波长的电长度，其中所述半波振子以其两端之间的距离大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的状态被回折并具有一馈电点，其中所述馈电点偏向所述半波振子的其中一端而与该端靠近，以在所述半波振子于所述馈电点被接入相应激励信号而被馈电的状态，所述半波振子的两端能够形成相位差而相互耦合，其中λ为与所述激励信号的频率相对应的波长参数；和
一参考地面，其中所述半波振子以其两端与所述参考地面之间的距离大于等于λ/128，且其中至少一端与所述参考地面之间的距离小于等于λ/6的状态与所述参考地面相间隔。
在一实施例中，命名所述半波振子的靠近所述馈电点的一端为馈电端，所述半波振子的所述馈电端与所述参考地面之间的距离小于等于另一端与所述参考地面之间的距离。
在一实施例中，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线进一步包括一馈电线，其中所述馈电线以其一端被电性连接于所述半波振子的所述馈电点的状态自该端在朝向所述参考地面的方向延伸，其中所述馈电线具有大于等于1/128且小于等于1/4波长的电长度，以在所述馈电线于其另一端与相应激励电路电性耦合而接入所述激励信号时，经所述馈电线于所述馈电点对所述半波振子馈电。
在一实施例中，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线进一步包括至少一枝节负 载，其中所述枝节负载以与所述半波振子电性相连的状态于所述半波振子的两端之间被负载于所述半波振子。
在一实施例中，所述半波振子以柱状长条形态被设计并具有自其两端在平行于所述参考地面方向同向延伸的两耦合段，和在垂直于所述参考地面方向连接于两所述耦合段之间的一连接段。
在一实施例中，所述馈电线在两所述耦合段的延伸方向具有相对于所述半波振子被加粗的尺寸。
在一实施例中，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线进一步包括一微带传输线，其中命名所述馈电线的远离所述馈电点的一端为固定端，其中所述微带传输线以其一端被电性连接于所述固定端状态自所述固定端延伸，并在小于等于λ/16的距离范围内与所述参考地面相间隔。
在一实施例中，所述微带传输线被设置自所述固定端在所述耦合段的延伸方向同向延伸。
在一实施例中，所述微带传输线被设置自所述固定端在所述耦合段的延伸方向反向延伸。
在一实施例中，至少一所述支节负载被设置自所述连接段在朝向所述参考地面方向延伸。
在一实施例中，自所述连接段在朝向所述参考地面方向延伸的所述支节负载被设置延伸至与所述参考地面电性相连。
在一实施例中，所述半波振子的自所述馈电端延伸的所述耦合段的物理长度小于另一所述耦合段的物理长度，以形成所述半波振子的两端在垂直于所述参考地面方向保持错开的结构状态。
在一实施例中，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线进一步包括一限位支撑座，其中所述限位支撑座包括一底座和自所述底座同向延伸的一夹持限位部和一半波振子支撑柱，其中所述夹持限位部被设置适于以夹持所述馈电线的方式形成对所述半波振子的支撑和限位，其中在所述馈电线被所述夹持限位部夹持的状态，所述半波振子支撑柱的端部与所述半波振子相对以在所述半波振子支撑住的延伸方向形成对所述半波振子的支撑，进而在所述底座被固定的状态，形成对所述半波振子的支撑和固定。
在一实施例中，在所述馈电线被所述夹持限位部夹持的状态，所述半波振子 支撑柱的端部在与所述馈电端相距λ/16至λ/4的距离范围与所述半波振子相对。
在一实施例中，所述馈电点位于所述馈电端。
通过对随后的描述和附图的理解，本发明进一步的目的和优势将得以充分体现。
附图说明
图1A为现有的柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线的结构原理示意图。
图1B为所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线的辐射方向图。
图1C为所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线的S11曲线。
图2为现有的以独立模块化结构被设计的微波探测天线被设置于相应微波探测装置的主板的结构示意图。
图3A为基于所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线的一变形探索结构示意图。
图3B为上述变形探索结构的辐射方向图。
图3C为上述变形探索结构的S11曲线。
图4A为基于所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线的另一变形探索结构示意图。
图4B为上述变形探索结构的辐射方向图。
图4C为上述变形探索结构的S11曲线。
图5A为本发明的半波回折式定向微波探测天线在被馈电时的相位分布原理示意图。
图5B为本发明的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线在相应馈电方式下的结构原理示意图。
图6为依本发明的一实施例的一半波回折式定向微波探测天线于相应多普勒微波探测装置的非模块化集成结构示意图。
图7A为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的结构示意图。
图7B为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的辐射方向图。
图7C为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的S11 曲线。
图8A为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的一调谐结构示意图。
图8B为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述调谐结构的辐射方向图。
图8C为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述调谐结构的S11曲线。
图9A为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的另一调谐结构示意图。
图9B为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述调谐结构的辐射方向图。
图9C为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述调谐结构的S11曲线。
图10A为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的另一调谐结构示意图。
图10B为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述调谐结构的辐射方向图。
图10C为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述调谐结构的S11曲线。
图11A为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的另一调谐结构示意图。
图11B为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述调谐结构的辐射方向图。
图11C为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述调谐结构的S11曲线。
图12A为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的一优选调谐结构示意图。
图12B为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述优选调谐结构的尺寸示意图。
图12C为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述 优选调谐结构的辐射方向图。
图12D为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述优选调谐结构的二维辐射方向图。
图12E为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述优选调谐结构的S11曲线。
图13为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的另一调谐结构示意图。
图14A为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述优选调谐结构在设置有一限位支撑座的状态下的立体结构示意图。
图14B为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述优选调谐结构在设置有所述限位支撑座的状态下的侧视结构示意图。
图15A为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的另一调谐结构示意图。
图15B为依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的上述调谐结构在设置有所述限位支撑座的状态下的立体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下描述用于揭露本发明以使本领域技术人员能够实现本发明。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例，本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变型。在以下描述中界定的本发明的基本原理可以应用于其他实施方案、变形方案、改进方案、等同方案以及没有背离本发明的精神和范围的其他技术方案。
本领域技术人员应理解的是，在本发明的揭露中，术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，其仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此上述术语不能理解为对本发明的限制。
可以理解的是，术语“一”应理解为“至少一”或“一个或多个”，即在一个实施例中，一个元件的数量可以为一个，而在另外的实施例中，所述元件的数量可以为多个，术语“一”不能理解为对数量的限制。
参考本发明的说明书附图之图3A至图4C所示，在柱状辐射源结构的微波探 测天线10的结构基础上，基于将柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10A的柱状辐射源11A弯折以将远离其馈电端111A的一端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围内靠近参考地面12A的变形探索，将所述柱状辐射源11A弯折以将远离其馈电端111A的一端分别保持距所述参考地面12A具有λ/6和λ/128距离的两变形探索结构和对应的辐射方向图以及S11曲线分别被示意，其中λ为与相应激励信号的频率相对应的波长参数。
对比图1B、图3B以及图4B，随着所述柱状辐射源11A的远离其馈电端111A的一端向所述参考地面12A的靠近，相应的辐射空间100A中以所述参考地面12A为界在背向所述柱状辐射源11A方向的后向波瓣减小，对应以所述参考地面12A为界在朝向所述柱状辐射源11A方向(图中Z轴方向)形成定向辐射，其中定向辐射的形成同时还伴随着在定向辐射方向的增益的提升以及辐射死区的湮灭。值得一提的是，在微波探测的实际应用中，区别于通信天线的全向辐射需求，相应微波探测天线只有在形成定向辐射的基础上，才能够大概率避免后向波瓣所对应的实际探测区域对前向的目标探测空间的干扰，进而保障微波探测的可靠度。
然而，基于图1C、图3C以及图4C的对比发现：随着所述柱状辐射源11A的远离其馈电端111A的一端向所述参考地面12A的靠近，在相应的S11曲线无法呈现明显的谐振特性，即S11图中没有明显窄频波谷。其中S11曲线的波谷越低，代表微波探测天线在谐振频点的损耗越小，并且在谐振频点的工作频带宽度越窄，相应微波探测天线的选频特性就越好，抗干扰能力也因此越强。同样值得一提的是，在微波探测的实际应用中，区别于通信天线的多频段通信要求和基于数据传输量/速度需求产生的较宽的工作频带宽度要求，相应微波探测天线要求谐振频点能够与的工作频点相匹配，并在谐振频点具有较窄的频带宽度和较小的损耗时，由于具有较好的选频特性而能够抵抗外界的电磁辐射干扰，进而保障微波探测的可靠度。
也就是说，随着所述柱状辐射源11A的远离其馈电端111A的一端向所述参考地面12A的靠近，相应的微波探测天线虽然能够形成定向辐射并伴随着在定向辐射方向的增益的提升以及辐射死区的湮灭，但由于不具有明显的谐振频点而难以继续适用于微波探测，对应于图2A和图3A分析其原因可能是因为所述柱状辐射源11A的远离其馈电端111A的一端的电流密度较大，随着所述柱状辐射源11A的远离其馈电端111A的一端向所述参考地面12A的靠近，所述柱状辐射源11A 的远离其馈电端111A的一端与所述参考地面12A之间的耦合距离变小而有利于形成定向辐射，但所述柱状辐射源11A与所述参考地面12A之间的耦合过于集中并具有较短的耦合距离，以致所述柱状辐射源11A与所述参考地面12A之间耦合所形成的内电场的能量分布过于集中，因而难以产生明显的谐振频点。
鉴于上述变形探索，本发明基于上述变形结构的进一步改良提供一种半波回折式定向微波探测天线，以保留所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10A在结构形态上的优势，并同时能够形成定向辐射和产生明显的谐振频点，以及避免了于定向辐射方向形成探测死区，因而适用于基于多普勒效应原理的微波探测。
具体地，参考本发明的说明书附图之图5A和图5B，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10在被馈电时的相位分布和于相应馈电方式下的结构原理被分别示意，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10包括至少一半波振子11和一参考地面12，其中通过对所述半波振子11的回折，形成所述半波振子11的两端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围内相互靠近的状态，如此以在基于相应的馈电结构于所述半波振子11的两端之间形成相位差时，所述半波振子11的两端能够相互耦合并具有相对较高的耦合能量，继而在所述半波振子11以其两端在大于等于λ/128的距离范围靠近所述参考地面12，且其中至少一端在小于等于λ/6的距离范围靠近所述参考地面12的状态与所述参考地面12相间隔地被设置时，能够降低所述半波振子11的端部与所述参考地面12之间直接耦合的能量，进而在形成所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的定向辐射的同时能够基于所述半波振子11的两端之间的耦合产生明显的谐振频点，对应有利于与相应的目标空间相匹配和具有对所接收的反射回波的选择性，因而适用于基于多普勒效应原理的微波探测。
进一步地，对应于图5A，所述半波振子11具有大于等于1/2且小于等于3/4波长的电长度，如此以有利于基于相应的馈电结构于所述半波振子11的两端之间形成趋于反相的相位差，进而在所述半波振子11以其两端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围内相互靠近的状态被回折时，使得所述半波振子11的两端之间相互耦合的能量趋于最大化而提高所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的增益和产生明显的谐振频点。
值得一提的是，所述半波振子11的至少一端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围靠近所述参考地面12，则在形成定向辐射的前提要求下， 对所述参考地面12的面积要求被降低，如此以有利于所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的微型化。
进一步地，在所述半波振子11以其两端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围内相互靠近的状态被回折的结构形态，和所述半波振子11以其两端在大于等于λ/128的距离范围靠近所述参考地面，且其中至少一端在小于等于λ/6的距离范围靠近所述参考地面12的状态，能够在垂直于所述参考地面12的高度方向，形成在高度上相对于所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10A被大幅降低的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的结构形态，因而有利于所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的进一步微型化设计。
进一步参考本发明的说明书附图之图5B所示，所述半波振子11具有一个馈电点110，其中所述馈电点110偏向所述半波振子11的其中一端而与该端靠近，对应命名所述半波振子11的靠近所述馈电点110的该端为所述半波振子11的馈电端111，其中在所述半波振子11于所述馈电点110被相应的激励信号馈电时，基于所述半波振子11大于等于1/2且小于等于3/4波长的电长度设置，和所述半波振子11的两端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围内相互靠近的结构形态，所述半波振子11的两端能够相互耦合并具有相对较高的耦合能量。
优选地，所述半波振子11的另一端被设置相对所述馈电端111远离所述参考地面12，即所述半波振子11的另一端与所述参考地面12之间的距离大于所述馈电端111与所述参考地面12之间的距离，如此以在于所述馈电点110对所述半波振子11馈电时，能够在所述半波振子11的另一端至所述参考地面12方向，于所述半波振子11形成电流密度由高至低的层阶分布，从而有利于进一步降低所述半波振子11的两端部与所述参考地面12之间直接耦合的能量，和形成所述半波振子11的两端部之间的电场同所述半波振子11的两端部与所述参考地面12之间的电场的矢量叠加，进而在产生明显的谐振频点的同时进一步提高所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的增益。
值得一提的是，所述半波振子11的两端能够相互耦合，对应在形成定向辐射的前提要求下，对所述参考地面12的电参数要求被降低，即所述参考地面12允许被设置其他元器件而不影响所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的正常工作，如此以有利于通过在承载有相应元器件的线路主板设置所述参考地面12的方式，形成所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10于相应多普勒微波探测装置的 非模块化集成设置，因而能够降低所述多普勒微波探测装置的尺寸，同时有利于简化所述多普勒微波探测装置的生产工艺和减少所述多普勒微波探测装置的生产耗材。
具体地，参考本发明的说明书附图之图6所示，基于所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的非模块化设计，依本发明的一实施例的一半波回折式定向微波探测天线10于相应多普勒微波探测装置的非模块化集成形态被示意，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10以非模块化形态被集成设置于所述多普勒微波探测装置，以形成所述多普勒微波探测装置的天线结构的去模块化设计，在降低所述多普勒微波探测装置的尺寸的同时，有利于简化所述多普勒微波探测装置的生产工艺和减少所述多普勒微波探测装置的生产耗材，因而能够降低所述多普勒微波探测装置的生产成本。
详细地，所述多普勒微波探测装置包括所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10，和承载有所述化多普勒微波探测装置的主体电路21的一电路主板20，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的所述参考地面12以覆铜层形态被承载于所述电路主板20，所述半波振子11以被馈电耦合于所述主体电路21的电性连接状态被固定于所述电路主板20，如此以形成所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10以非模块化形态被集成设置于所述多普勒微波探测装置的状态。
值得一提的是，在本发明的这个实施例中，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的所述半波振子11被设置于所述电路主板20的承载有所述参考地面12的一面所对应的空间；而在本发明的另一些实施例中，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的所述半波振子11被设置于所述电路主板20的与承载有所述参考地面12的一面相对的一面所对应的空间，即所述电路主板20间隔于所述半波振子11和所述参考地面12之间，本发明对此不作限制。
可以理解的是，对现有的柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线和平板辐射源结构的微波探测天线而言，虽然通过大幅增加相应微波探测装置的电路主板的面积尺寸的方式同样能够形成现有微波探测天线于相应微波探测装置的电路主板的去模块化集成形态，但同时对相应微波探测装置的电路主板的材质具有与对应的微波探测天线相匹配的要求，即现有的微波探测天线于相应微波探测装置的电路主板的去模块化集成形态会增加相应微波探测装置的尺寸，和提高相应微波探测装置生产耗材的成本。
进一步地，参考本发明的说明书附图之图7A至7C，基于图5B所示意的馈电方式下的结构原理，依本发明的上述实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的立体结构和辐射方向图以及S11曲线分别被示意，其中在本发明的这个实施例中，所述馈电点110位于所述馈电端111，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10进一步包括与所述半波振子11的数量相对应的馈电线13，其中所述馈电线13以其一端被电性连接于所述半波振子11的所述馈电点110的状态自该端在朝向所述参考地面12的方向延伸，其中命名所述馈电线13的另一端为固定端131，所述参考地面12被设置有一隔离孔121，所述馈电线13自其固定端131延伸并经所述隔离孔121穿透所述参考地面12，以与所述参考地面12之间形成一隔离间隙1211而在物理结构上与所述参考地面12电性隔离，如此以在所述馈电线13于所述固定端131与相应激励电路馈电耦合而接入激励信号的状态，经所述馈电线13与所述半波振子11的所述馈电端111的电性连接和对所述半波振子11的物理支撑，形成所述半波振子11于所述馈电端111被馈电和与所述参考地面12相间隔地被设置的状态。
特别地，在本发明的这个实施例中，所述馈电线13与所述半波振子11被一体设计，即所述馈电线13于所述半波振子11的所述馈电端111一体延伸于所述半波振子11，则依前述“所述半波振子具有大于等于1/2且小于等于3/4波长的电长度”和“所述半波振子11的两端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围内相互靠近”以及“所述半波振子11以其两端在大于等于λ/128的距离范围靠近所述参考地面12，且其中至少一端在小于等于λ/6的距离范围靠近所述参考地面12的状态与所述参考地面12相间隔地被设置”的描述中对所述半波振子11的结构限定，在所述馈电线13与所述半波振子11的所述馈电端111电性相连的状态，对所述半波振子11的所述馈电端111的界定可能并不唯一，即所述半波振子11上可能存在多个满足上述描述的所述馈电端111的位置。
因此，值得一提的是，在所述馈电线13与所述半波振子11的所述馈电端111电性相连的状态，以所述半波振子11的另一端为明确的一端，当所述半波振子11上存在满足上述描述的所述馈电端111的位置时，所述半波振子11的两端即可相互耦合并具有相对较高的耦合能量，从而在形成所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的定向辐射的同时能够基于所述半波振子11的两端之间的耦合产生明显的谐振频点。
优选地，在本发明的这个实施例中，所述馈电线13被设置具有小于等于1/4波长的电长度，以降低所述馈电线13与所述参考地面12之间的耦合而有利于保障所述半波振子11自身及与所述参考地面12之间区别于所述柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10A的耦合方式所形成的电场能量分布，进而有利于形成定向辐射和产生明显的谐振频点的同时提高所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的增益以及避免了于定向辐射方向形成探测死区。
进一步地，所述馈电线13被设置具有大于等于1/128波长的电长度，如此以能够在所述半波振子11处于空气的介质空间而被所述馈电线13物理支撑的状态，形成所述半波振子11以其两端在大于等于λ/128的距离范围与所述参考地12相间隔地被设置的状态。
特别地，在本发明的这个实施例中，所述半波振子11的另一端被设置相对所述馈电端111远离所述参考地面12，即所述半波振子11的所述馈电端111与所述参考地面12之间的距离小于另一端与所述参考地面12之间的距离，具体地，在所述半波振子11的另一端被设置相对所述馈电端111远离所述参考地面12的状态，所述半波振子11的两端在垂直于所述参考地面12方向保持对齐，即所述半波振子11的两端的连线垂直于所述参考地面12，如此以在所述半波振子11的另一端至所述参考地面12方向，于所述半波振子11形成电流密度由高至低的层阶分布，进而形成所述半波振子11的两端部之间的电场同所述半波振子11的两端部与所述参考地面12之间的电场的矢量叠加，因而在产生明显的谐振频点的同时有利于提高所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的增益。
参考本发明的说明书附图之图7B和图7C可知，相对于图1B，本发明的这个实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的辐射空间100中以所述参考地面12为界的后向(图中Z轴的反向方向)波瓣被减小，和以所述参考地面12为界在朝向所述半波振子11方向(图中Z轴方向)的辐射增益被显著提高(约为6.4dB)而呈现明显的以所述参考地面12为界在朝向所述半波振子11方向的定向辐射。相对于图1C，虽然所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的S11曲线在各频段呈现出相对较高的损耗，但在6.8GHz附近呈现出明显的窄波谷。也就是说，本发明的这个实施例的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10呈现出明显的谐振特性而允许基于相应的调谐结构被调谐。
进一步参考本发明的说明书附图之图8A至图8C，基于图7A所示意的所述半 波回折式定向微波探测天线10的进一步调谐结构被示意，区别于图7A所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的调谐结构，在本发明的这个结构中，所述半波振子11的两端在垂直于所述参考地面12方向被错开设置，具体以所述半波振子11的所述馈电端111为参考端，所述半波振子11的另一端在该端的延伸方向被偏移设置而形成所述半波振子11的两端在垂直于所述参考地面12方向被错开设置的状态，以在“所述半波振子11的两端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围内相互靠近”的状态形成对所述半波振子11的两端之间的距离的微调，等效于对所述半波振子11的形态调节。
参考图8B和图8C，对比于图7B和图7C，在所述半波振子11的两端在垂直于所述参考地面12方向被错开的状态，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的谐振频点相对于图7A所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10被调节，并相对于图7A所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10在定向辐射方向具有被明显提高的辐射增益，也就是说，在所述半波振子11的两端在垂直于所述参考地面12方向对应于图7A保持对齐的状态，以所述半波振子11的所述馈电端111为参考端，所述半波振子11的另一端在该端的延伸方向于一定范围的偏移设置，具有提高所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10在定向辐射方向的辐射增益的有益效果。
继续参考本发明的说明书附图之图9A至图9C，基于图8A所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的进一步调谐结构被示意，其中在本发明的这个调谐结构中，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10进一步被设置有至少一枝节负载15，其中所述枝节负载15被负载于所述半波振子11，以基于所述枝节负载15波长的电长度设置和于所述半波振子11的负载位置调试，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的谐振频点能够被调试以与相应的工作频点相匹配，对应所述枝节负载15的数量、形态、波长的电长度以及负载位置多样而并不构成对本发明的限制。
详细地，在本发明的这个调谐结构中，以5.8GHz的ISM工作频段进行调谐示例，所述半波振子11的两端对应于图8A在垂直于所述参考地面12方向被错开设置，进一步地，所述枝节负载15的一端被电性连接于所述半波振子11的偏向所述馈电端111的位置，以于所述半波振子11的偏向所述馈电端111的位置被负载于所述半波振子11。
基于此调谐结构，参考图9B和图9C，对比于图8B和图8C，本发明的这个调谐结构能够形成所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的谐振频点与5.8GHz的ISM工作频段的匹配，并在定向辐射方向具有被进一步提高的辐射增益。
值得一提的是，在图9A所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的结构基础上，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10呈现出明显的谐振特性并允许基于相应的调谐结构被调谐，其中对所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的调谐手段多样，并能够相互组合，其中对所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的调谐手段包括但不限于对所述半波振子11的电长度调试，和对所述馈电线13的电长度调试，以及基于所述枝节负载15的设置，对所述枝节负载15的数量、形态、电长度以及负载位置的调试，因此，基于图5B所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的结构原理，在“所述半波振子具有大于等于1/2且小于等于3/4波长的电长度”和“所述半波振子11的两端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围内相互靠近”以及“所述半波振子11以其两端在大于等于λ/128的距离范围靠近所述参考地面，且其中至少一端在小于等于λ/6的距离范围靠近所述参考地面12的状态与所述参考地面12相间隔地被设置”的状态，能够呈现出明显的谐振特性的所述半波振子11形态多样而能够适应于不同的形态需求，并允许基于相应的调谐手段形成所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的谐振频点与工作频点的匹配，包括但不限于5.8GHz，10.525GHz，24.15GHz，60-62GHz以及77-79GHz的ISM频段的工作频点。
进一步参考本发明的说明书附图之图10A至图10C，同样以5.8GHz的ISM工作频段进行调谐示例，通过对所述支节负载15的进一步调试，基于图8A所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的另一调谐结构被示意，其中相对于图9A所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的调谐结构，在本发明的这个调谐结构中，所述枝节负载15于所述半波振子11的偏向所述馈电端111的位置被负载于所述半波振子11，并具有块状的形态设计，以于所述半波振子11的负载有所述枝节负载15的负载位置，形成对所述半波振子11的物理形态的加粗设计。
参考图10B和图10C，基于上述结构设计的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的以所述参考地面12为界的后向辐射被明显削弱而具有良好的定向辐射特性，并于定向辐射方向具有高达8dB的辐射增益，同时所述半波回折式定向微波 探测天线10的S11曲线呈现明显的谐振特性，并具有较低损耗(低于-30dB)的谐振频点和在该谐振频点具有较窄的频带宽度，因而性能优异，适用于微波探测并具有良好的抗干扰性能和较高的灵敏度及可靠度。
进一步参考本发明的说明书附图之图11A至图11C，通过对所述支节负载15的进一步调试，基于图9A所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的进一步调谐结构被示意，其中在本发明的这个调谐结构中，通过对所述支节负载15的不同调谐手段的组合，具体在图9A所示意的半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的调谐结构基础上，组合以对所述枝节负载15的形态、波长的电长度、负载位置以及电性连接关系的调试，形成图11A所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的调谐结构。其中在本发明的这个调谐结构中，所述枝节负载15的一端在所述半波振子11的偏向所述馈电端111的位置与所述半波振子11电性相连，即所述枝节负载15的负载位置位于所述半波振子11的偏向所述馈电端111的位置，同时所述枝节负载15的另一端与所述参考地面12电性相连。
参考图11B和图11C，所述枝节负载15与所述参考地面12的电性连接由于降低了所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10在谐振频点的阻抗，对应体现出对所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的品质因数(Q值)的提高，从而窄化所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10在谐振频点的频带宽度(具体基于图11C与图9C和图10C的比较被体现)，进而有利于提高所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的抗干扰性能，但由于所述半波振子11在被馈电状态于中部区域呈现趋于零电位的状态(对应于图5A)，在所述枝节负载15的负载位置偏向所述馈电端111的状态，所述枝节负载15与所述参考地面12的电性连接关系同时降低了所述半波振子11自身及与所述参考地面12之间耦合所形成的电场能量分布而降低了所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的辐射效率，对应体现为所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的定向辐射增益的降低(具体基于图11B与图9B和10B的比较被体现)，但相对于柱状辐射源结构的微波探测天线10A仍能够形成定向辐射和在定向辐射方向具有相对较高的辐射增益，同时所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的S11曲线呈现明显的谐振特性，并具有较低损耗的谐振频点和在该谐振频点具有较窄的频带宽度，因而具有较高的抗干扰性能。
值得一提的是，在本发明的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的这些调谐结构中，基于对所述馈电线13的形态的设置形成对所述馈电线13的电长度设 置，在保持所述半波振子11的所述馈电端111与所述参考地面12之间的前述距离范围的状态，所述馈电线13允许被设置以弯折的形态在朝向所述参考地面12方向延伸而被加长，以对所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10进一步调谐，并基于所述馈电线13与所述参考地面12之间的耦合产生的损耗同时伴随着对所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的辐射效率的微调，相应所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10同样具有良好的定向辐射特性，并于定向辐射方向具有较高的辐射增益，同时允许基于对所述馈电线13的不同长度和形态的设置，形成所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的谐振频点与工作频点的匹配。
参考本发明的说明书附图之图12A至图12E，以5.8GHz的ISM工作频段进行调谐示例，通过对所述支节负载15和所述馈电线13的进一步调试，基于图9A所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的进一步优选调谐结构被示意，其中在本发明的这个优选调谐结构中，所述枝节负载15的一端在所述半波振子11的偏向所述馈电端111的位置与所述半波振子11电性相连，同时在所述馈电线13与所述半波振子11同样以柱状长条形态被设置的状态，所述馈电线13相对于所述半波振子11被加粗设计。
具体地，基于前述(对应于图7A至图11C)所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的结构中，所述半波振子11被设置于同一平面的结构设计，和在所述半波振子11的所述馈电端111与所述参考地面12之间的距离小于所述半波振子11的另一端与所述参考地面12之间的距离的状态，由所述半波振子11界定的平面垂直于所述参考地面12的结构设计。在本发明的这个优选调谐结构中，所述半波振子11被回折而自与所述馈电端111相对的一端，顺序在平行于所述参考地面12方向，和朝向所述参考地面方向以及反向在平行于所述参考地面12方向延伸，对应所述半波振子11具有自其两端同向延伸的两耦合段112和在垂直于所述参考地面12方向连接于两所述耦合段112之间的一连接段113，其中所述馈电线13在两所述耦合段112的延伸方向具有相对于所述半波振子11被加粗的尺寸。
进一步地，所述支节负载15被设置自所述连接段113在朝向所述参考地面12方向延伸，并在20％的误差范围内具有趋于2.6mm的物理长度，其中具有所述馈电端111的所述耦合段112在20％的误差范围内具有趋于11.55mm的物理长度，另一所述耦合段112在20％的误差范围内具有趋于14.50mm的物理长度，其中具 有所述馈电端111的所述耦合段112在20％的误差范围内与所述参考地面12之间的距离趋于3.00mm，即所述馈电端111与所述参考地面12之间的距离在20％的误差范围内趋于3.00mm，其中两所述耦合段112之间的距离在20％的误差范围内趋于1.2mm。
参考图12C至图12E，基于上述结构设计的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的以所述参考地面12为界的后向辐射被明显削弱而具有良好的定向辐射特性，并于定向辐射方向具有高达7.5dB的辐射增益，同时所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的波束角较大(对应于图12D大于80度)，对应在垂直探测应用中，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10覆盖的探测区域面积较大，和在水平探测应用中，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线的辐射扇区角度也较大，相应探测区域则较大，配合所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的高增益特性，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10具有较远的探测距离与较大的扇区角度而能够实现大面积大区域的微波探测，此外所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的S11曲线在5.8GHz附近呈现明显的谐振频点而能够与5.8GHz的ISM工作频段相匹配，同时所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的S11曲线在谐振频点的损耗低至-20dB以下并具有较窄的频带宽度，对应所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10具有优良的抗干扰性能。
值得一提的是，在本发明的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的这些结构中，鉴于所述枝节负载15对所述半波振子11的电长度的影响，基于所述半波振子11的电长度对所述半波振子11的物理长度换算允许具有20％的误差，对应在所述半波振子11处于空气的介质空间的状态，所述半波振子11具有大于等于0.4λ且小于等于0.9λ的物理长度。
可以理解的是，在本发明的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的这些结构中，由于所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的谐振频点在所述半波振子11、所述枝节负载15以及所述馈电线13之间固定的连接关系的限制下，由所述半波振子11、所述枝节负载15以及所述馈电线13波长的电长度确定，在所述半波振子11、所述枝节负载15以及所述馈电线13波长的电长度和相互之间的连接关系被维持不变的状态，基于批量生产误差和日常使用所形成的所述半波振子11的轻度形变难以影响所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的工作参数，相应所述多普勒微波探测装置具有良好的一致性和稳定性。
此外，基于图5A和图5B所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的结构原理，在“所述半波振子具有大于等于1/2且小于等于3/4波长的电长度”和“所述半波振子11的两端在大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的距离范围内相互靠近”以及“所述半波振子11以其两端在大于等于λ/128的距离范围靠近所述参考地面12，且其中至少一端在小于等于λ/6的距离范围靠近所述参考地面12的状态与所述参考地面12相间隔地被设置”的结构状态，所述半波振子11的数量和排布以及结构形态并不构成对本发明的限制，例如在本发明的一些实施例中，所述半波振子11被设置以微带线形态被承载于相应基板，又例如在本发明的另一实施例中，对应于图13，区别于前述所述半波振子11具有自其两端同向延伸的两耦合段112和在垂直于所述参考地面12方向连接于两所述耦合段112之间的所述连接段113的结构设计，在本发明的这个实施例中，连接于两所述耦合段112之间的所述连接段113具有自其两端顺序在朝向所述参考地面12同向延伸和相向延伸至一体相连的结构设计。
特别地，为降低所述半波振子11在生产装配及使用过程中产生形变的概率而进一步优化所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的结构稳定性，具体以图12A所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的上述优选调谐结构为例进行优化，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10进一步被设置有一限位支撑座，相应的优化结构在图14A和图14B中被示意，其中所述限位支撑座16被设计用以支撑和/或固定所述半波振子11，以基于所述限位支撑座16的相应形态设计，在所述半波振子11被所述限位支撑座16支撑和/或固定的状态，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10因所述限位支撑座16与所述半波振子11之间的接触和所述限位支撑座16对所述半波振子11与所述参考地面12之间的介质的影响而产生的损耗能够被降低，以在保障所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的结构稳定性的同时保障所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的性能稳定性。
具体地，其中所述限位支撑座16包括一底座163和自所述底座163同向延伸的一夹持限位部161和一半波振子支撑柱162，其中所述夹持限位部161被设置适于以夹持所述馈电线13的方式形成对所述半波振子11的支撑和限位，其中在所述馈电线13被所述夹持限位部161夹持的状态，所述半波振子支撑柱162的端部与所述半波振子11相对以在所述半波振子支撑住162的延伸方向形成对所述半波振子11的支撑，进而在所述底座163被固定的状态，形成对所述半波 振子11的支撑和固定。
值得一提的是，在所述馈电线13被所述夹持限位部161夹持的状态，所述半波振子11自所述馈电线13一体延伸而能够基于所述底座163的固定被固定，如此以避免所述夹持限位部161与所述半波振子11的直接接触和对所述半波振子11与所述参考地面12之间的介质的影响，对应降低因所述限位支撑座16与所述半波振子11之间的接触和所述限位支撑座16对所述半波振子11与所述参考地面12之间的介质的影响而产生的损耗。
优选地，在所述馈电线13被所述夹持限位部161夹持的状态，所述半波振子支撑柱162的端部在与所述馈电端111相距λ/16至λ/4的距离范围与所述半波振子11相对，以减小因所述半波振子支撑柱162与所述半波振子11的直接接触产生的损耗，对应进一步降低因所述限位支撑座16与所述半波振子11之间的接触而产生的损耗。
进一步参考本发明的说明书附图之图15A和图15B所示，基于图9A所示意的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的另外两调谐结构被示意，具体在本发明的这两个调谐结构中，所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10进一步包括一微带传输线17，其中所述微带传输线17以其一端被连接于所述馈电线13的所述固定端131的状态在小于等于λ/16的距离范围内与所述参考地面12相间隔，以基于对所述微带传输线17的长度设置满足相应的阻抗匹配，同时基于所述微带传输线17在小于等于λ/16的距离范围内与所述参考地面12相间隔的结构状态减小所述微带传输线17的损耗而保障所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的增益，进而在所述微带连接线17于其另一端与相应激励电路电性耦合而接入所述激励信号时，经所述馈电线13于所述馈电点110与所述半波振子11的电性连接在所述半波振子11与所述参考地面12相间隔的状态，于所述半波振子11的所述馈电点110对所述半波振子11馈电。
值得一提的是，其中在满足所述微带传输线17在小于等于λ/16的距离范围内与所述参考地面12相间隔的状态，所述微带传输线17的延伸方向和结构形态可以多样，对应图15A和图15B所示意的两调谐结构中，所述微带传输线17即具有反向的延伸方向，而在本发明的所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线10的另一些调谐结构中，所述微带传输线17被弯折延伸，以适应相应电路主板的尺寸和线路排布。
本领域的技术人员可以理解的是，以上实施例仅为举例，其中不同实施例的特征可以相互组合，以得到根据本发明揭露的内容很容易想到但是在附图中没有明确指出的实施方式。
本领域的技术人员应理解，上述描述及附图中所示的本发明的实施例只作为举例而并不限制本发明。本发明的目的已经完整并有效地实现。本发明的功能及结构原理已在实施例中展示和说明，在没有背离所述原理下，本发明的实施方式可以有任何变形或修改。

Claims (15)

  1. 一半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其特征在于，包括：
    一半波振子，其中所述半波振子具有大于等于1/2且小于等于3/4波长的电长度，其中所述半波振子以其两端之间的距离大于等于λ/128且小于等于λ/6的状态被回折并具有一馈电点，其中所述馈电点偏向所述半波振子的其中一端而与该端靠近，以在所述半波振子于所述馈电点被接入相应激励信号而被馈电的状态，所述半波振子的两端能够形成相位差而相互耦合，其中λ为与所述激励信号的频率相对应的波长参数；和
    一参考地面，其中所述半波振子以其两端与所述参考地面之间的距离大于等于λ/128，且其中至少一端与所述参考地面之间的距离小于等于λ/6的状态与所述参考地面相间隔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中命名所述半波振子的靠近所述馈电点的一端为馈电端，所述半波振子的所述馈电端与所述参考地面之间的距离小于等于另一端与所述参考地面之间的距离。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线进一步包括一馈电线，其中所述馈电线以其一端被电性连接于所述半波振子的所述馈电点的状态自该端在朝向所述参考地面的方向延伸，其中所述馈电线具有大于等于1/128且小于等于1/4波长的电长度，以在所述馈电线于其另一端与相应激励电路电性耦合而接入所述激励信号时，经所述馈电线于所述馈电点对所述半波振子馈电。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线进一步包括至少一枝节负载，其中所述枝节负载以与所述半波振子电性相连的状态于所述半波振子的两端之间被负载于所述半波振子。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波振子以 柱状长条形态被设计并具有自其两端在平行于所述参考地面方向同向延伸的两耦合段，和在垂直于所述参考地面方向连接于两所述耦合段之间的一连接段。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述馈电线在两所述耦合段的延伸方向具有相对于所述半波振子被加粗的尺寸。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线进一步包括一微带传输线，其中命名所述馈电线的远离所述馈电点的一端为固定端，其中所述微带传输线以其一端被电性连接于所述固定端状态自所述固定端延伸，并在小于等于λ/16的距离范围内与所述参考地面相间隔。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述微带传输线被设置自所述固定端在所述耦合段的延伸方向同向延伸。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述微带传输线被设置自所述固定端在所述耦合段的延伸方向反向延伸。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中至少一所述支节负载被设置自所述连接段在朝向所述参考地面方向延伸。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中自所述连接段在朝向所述参考地面方向延伸的所述支节负载被设置延伸至与所述参考地面电性相连。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波振子的自所述馈电端延伸的所述耦合段的物理长度小于另一所述耦合段的物理长度，以形成所述半波振子的两端在垂直于所述参考地面方向保持错开的结构状态。
  13. 根据权利要求3至12中任一所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述半波回折式定向微波探测天线进一步包括一限位支撑座，其中所述限位支撑座 包括一底座和自所述底座同向延伸的一夹持限位部和一半波振子支撑柱，其中所述夹持限位部被设置适于以夹持所述馈电线的方式形成对所述半波振子的支撑和限位，其中在所述馈电线被所述夹持限位部夹持的状态，所述半波振子支撑柱的端部与所述半波振子相对以在所述半波振子支撑住的延伸方向形成对所述半波振子的支撑，进而在所述底座被固定的状态，形成对所述半波振子的支撑和固定。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中在所述馈电线被所述夹持限位部夹持的状态，所述半波振子支撑柱的端部在与所述馈电端相距λ/16至λ/4的距离范围与所述半波振子相对。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的半波回折式定向微波探测天线，其中所述馈电点位于所述馈电端。
PCT/CN2021/115958 2021-04-27 2021-09-01 半波回折式定向微波探测天线 WO2022227361A1 (zh)

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