WO2022222200A1 - Câble neural de réseau pour exploitation de puits de pétrole et de gaz et système de mesure directionnel - Google Patents

Câble neural de réseau pour exploitation de puits de pétrole et de gaz et système de mesure directionnel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022222200A1
WO2022222200A1 PCT/CN2021/092326 CN2021092326W WO2022222200A1 WO 2022222200 A1 WO2022222200 A1 WO 2022222200A1 CN 2021092326 W CN2021092326 W CN 2021092326W WO 2022222200 A1 WO2022222200 A1 WO 2022222200A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cable
vibration
oil
shearing
detection sub
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PCT/CN2021/092326
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曾令果
魏勇
李志均
周翔
唐世刚
Original Assignee
渝丰科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022222200A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022222200A1/fr

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
    • E21B29/04—Cutting of wire lines or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
    • E21B47/024—Determining slope or direction of devices in the borehole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of oil production in oil fields, in particular to a network neural cable and a directional measurement system for oil and gas well development.
  • SAGD technology that is, steam-assisted gravity unloading technology, is suitable for the exploitation of super-heavy oil reservoirs or natural bitumen with very high crude oil viscosity.
  • This technology uses steam as the heat source, and combines heat conduction with heat convection to achieve convection between steam and oil and water, and then relies on the gravity of crude oil and condensate to recover oil.
  • SAGD can be realized in the following two ways: the first is to adopt a pair of horizontal wells in parallel up and down, and the second is to adopt the combination of vertical wells and horizontal wells.
  • the dual horizontal well SAGD method it is more complicated and difficult to complete the horizontal drilling process.
  • the horizontal wellbore trajectory of the steam injection well located above and the production well located below need to be controlled within a certain relative error range, that is, the distance error of the two wells and The borehole direction error must meet certain requirements, and the horizontal well sections of the two wells should be kept as close to the ideal straight-line-parallel relationship as possible.
  • the wellbore trajectory is controlled by using the magnetic positioning and guiding technology.
  • the principle is to couple the magnetic field signal generation source and the signal measurement position into a closed-loop system.
  • a mathematical model is established to solve the calculation, and the space vector distance between the magnetic field signal source and the measurement position is obtained, so as to guide the drilling of the wellbore trajectory according to the design requirements.
  • the existing technology only uses magnetic positioning and steering technology for the trajectory control of horizontal wells.
  • different formation conditions will have different effects on the magnetic field signal.
  • Using this single-factor control method to control the trajectory of horizontal wells will lead to There is a certain error in the actual horizontal well trajectory.
  • due to the influence of the cable structure and construction process there are often problems such as a long construction period, the need for cross operations, and a large safety hazard.
  • the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: a single measurement method controls the trajectory error is relatively large, the requirements for measurement conditions are relatively high, and the construction period is relatively long.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a network neural cable is used for oil and gas well opening, which includes a cable body, and the cable body includes an insulating layer, a detection sub-cable and a vibration sensing optical fiber arranged in the insulating layer; one end of the cable body is provided with a shearing head, so The end of the detection sub-cable passes through the shearing head and extends to the outside of the shearing head, and the shearing head is provided with a shearing component for cutting the detection sub-cable.
  • a shearing sub-cable is also provided in the insulating layer, and the shearing sub-cable is electrically connected with the shearing component.
  • the shearing assembly includes two blades opposite to the two sides of the detection sub-cable, the blades are fixedly arranged on the blade rest, and the cutting head is provided with a blade for driving the two blade rests to approach and move away from each other. Shear drive assembly.
  • the cutting head is also provided with a temporary storage and storage mechanism for storage of the detection sub-cable, and the temporary storage and storage mechanism is located on the side of the cutting assembly close to the cable body.
  • the cutting head has an anti-miscut mechanism arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the blades, and the anti-miscut mechanism is used to block the blades of the two blades.
  • the anti-miscut mechanism includes a protection frame respectively arranged on two sides of the blade and a protection strip arranged at the free end of the protection frame.
  • the two protective strips can block or expose the blade edge through the closing and opening of the two blade holders on both sides of the blade.
  • top and bottom of the blade holder are respectively abutted against the two sides of the two protective frames on both sides of the blade, and the blade holder is close to and away from the detection sub-cable to realize the opening and closing of the two protection frames on both sides of the same blade holder.
  • the cable is formed by connecting a plurality of short-section cables through joints.
  • the joint includes a first joint assembly and a second joint assembly which are respectively arranged at both ends of the short cable and are matched with each other. After the first joint assembly and the second joint assembly are butted, the two form an end face seal, and the The joint surface is provided with a gasket.
  • the present invention also provides a directional measurement system, including a magnetic guiding system and a vibration guiding system;
  • the magnetic guidance system includes:
  • RMRS magnetic source installed near the drill bit of the drilling tool, used to generate alternating magnetic field
  • the measurement probe pipe which is sent into the reference well through the oil pipe, is used to detect the magnetic field strength and orientation generated by the RMRS magnetic source, and transmit the detection data to the surface interface device through the cable;
  • the ground interface device is connected with the measurement probe through the detection sub-cable in the cable, and is used for transmitting the detection data to the ground calculation and analysis system through the wireless signal transmitter;
  • the ground calculation and analysis system calculates the position of the positive drilling relative to the reference well according to the detection data transmitted by the surface interface device;
  • the vibration-assisted guiding system includes:
  • Vibration sensing fiber used to collect vibration signals generated by drilling tools during drilling
  • the optical fiber vibration sensor is arranged in the cable body near the cutting head, and is matched with the vibration sensing optical fiber to transmit the vibration to the vibration sensing optical fiber;
  • the vibration signal processing system calculates the position of the vibration source according to the data transmitted by the vibration sensing fiber.
  • a vibration sensing optical fiber is added in the cable, the vibration signal generated by the drilling tool motor in the drilling is collected through the vibration sensing optical fiber itself, and the position of the drilling tool motor (ie, the vibration source) is calculated and detected, so as to obtain a positive vibration signal.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the shearing head, the oil pipe and the detection probe according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cable body in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an internal structure diagram of the cutting head in the embodiment of the present invention, and the blade is in an uncut state.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the blade in FIG. 3 in a cutting state.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of the shear assembly of FIGS. 3 and 4 .
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of FIG. 6 with the addition of an anti-miscut mechanism.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cable joint.
  • FIG. 9 is an axial cross-sectional view of FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of the vibration guide system of the present invention.
  • the reference signs include:
  • Cable body 1 insulating layer 100, detection sub-cable 101, shearing sub-cable 102, filling layer 103, vibration sensing optical fiber 104, optical fiber vibration sensor 1040,
  • the detection probe 22 the connecting core 220,
  • the second joint assembly 23 the second joint housing 230, the insertion cavity 231, the second communication point 232, the sealing sleeve 233, the insertion portion 234, the second sealing spring 235,
  • a prefabricated cable for drilling special oil and gas wells includes a cable body 1 and a shearing head 2 disposed at one end of the cable body 1.
  • the cable body 1 includes an insulating layer 100 and a detection sub-cable 101, a shearing sub-cable 102 and a vibration sensing optical fiber 104 arranged in the insulating layer 100.
  • the portion outside the sensing fiber 104 has the filling layer 103 .
  • the end of the cutting head 2 connected to the cable body 1 is the cable end, and the end away from the cable end is the free end.
  • the shearing head 2 is a cylindrical shell.
  • the shearing head 2 is made of rigid materials such as stainless steel.
  • the shearing head 2 and the insulating layer 100 of the cable body 1 are fixed by hot melting.
  • the diameter is larger than the diameter of the cable body 1, but smaller than the inner diameter of the oil pipe (the inner diameter of the oil pipe is about 80mm) to ensure that the shear head 2 can pass through the oil pipe, so that the shear head 2 can be pulled out of the oil and gas well together with the cable body 1.
  • the specific structure of the connection between the shearing head 2 , the oil pipe and the detection probe 22 is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the detection probe 22 has a connecting core 220 for connecting with a cable, and the end of the oil pipe and the detection probe 22 are connected by a thread. Fixed connection, the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable is hard-connected with the connecting core 220 of the detection probe 22 after passing through the cutting head 2, and then wrapped with tape at the hard connection. Usually, the detection probe 22 is equipped with a protective cover for Carry out secondary protection for the hard connection part.
  • a plurality of holes are opened on the wall of the oil pipe near the detection probe 22, the purpose is to pump the killing fluid into the oil pipe during the drilling process, and the killing fluid is discharged into the annulus through the holes on the oil pipe.
  • a bottom cover is detachably installed on the end of the shear head 2 away from the cable body 1. The detachable way can be screwed.
  • the detection sub-cable 101 passes through the bottom cover and then communicates with the detection probe.
  • the connecting core 220 of the tube 22 is hard-connected, and the penetration part is sealed by hot melt to prevent liquid from invading into the shearing head 2 from the bottom.
  • the internal structure of the cutting head 2 is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 .
  • the cutting head 2 is provided with a cutting cavity 5 , and a cutting assembly is set in the cutting cavity 5 for cutting the detection sub-cable 101 .
  • the structure of the shearing assembly is shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, and includes a micro motor, a fixed frame 15, a tool holder 12 on both sides of the fixed frame 15, and a blade 14 arranged on the tool holder 12.
  • the blades on the two tool holders 12 14 are arranged opposite to each other, and the blade surfaces of the two blades 14 can fit together (similar to the structure of the blades of scissors in the prior art).
  • the fixing frame 15 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cutting head 2 , the micro motor (not shown in the figure) is fixedly installed on the fixing frame 15 , and the output shaft (ie, the driving shaft 16 ) of the micro motor is sleeved with a driving gear 17 .
  • the tool rest 12 is fixed with a connecting arm 21 , and two parallel connecting rods 20 are hinged between the fixing frame 15 and the connecting arms 21 on both sides of the fixing frame 15 , and the end of the connecting rod 20 connected with the fixing frame 15 is hinged through the driven shaft 19 , that is, the driven shaft 19 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 15, the connecting rod 20 is fixedly connected to the driven shaft 19, and the driven shaft 19 on one of the two connecting rods 20 on the same side of the fixed frame 15
  • a driven gear 18 is also sleeved on the upper part, the two driven gears 18 are meshed, and the driving gear 17 is meshed with one of the driven gears 18 .
  • the tool holder 12 , the fixing frame 15 and the two connecting rods 20 between them constitute a parallelogram four-bar linkage mechanism.
  • the cables connected to the detection probe 22 are usually connected in series by multiple coils of wires. Usually, it takes about 15-20 minutes for each connection, which increases the working hours. During the operation period, the cables usually used will be directly scrapped, that is, each time an oil pipe is taken out, the corresponding cable will be cut off, which will relatively increase the engineering cost and cause unnecessary waste of resources.
  • the lower end of the detection sub-cable 101 can be cut off by the shearing component to separate it from the detection probe 22. At this time, the construction personnel can use the winch or other means. , Pull out all the cables located in the well, which can be reused in the follow-up, and also avoid the cross operation, and relatively improve the construction safety factor.
  • the present invention is provided with an anti-miscut mechanism on the outside of the two blades 14 .
  • the anti-miscut mechanism includes protective frames 11 arranged on two sides of the blade 14 respectively, and protective strips 13 arranged on the free ends of the protective frames 11 .
  • the protective strips 13 are made of elastic materials, such as elastic rubber. Material, the protection strips 13 on both sides of the blade 14 are pressed against the outside of the blade edge of the blade 14 , thereby preventing the blade edge of the blade 14 from damaging the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable between the two blades 14 .
  • One end of the protection frame 11 close to the inner wall of the shearing head 2 is fixedly connected with a protection shaft, and the inner wall of the shearing head 2 is fixedly installed with an ear plate 10 corresponding to the protection shaft, the protection shaft is hinged with the ear plate 10, and the protection shaft is installed with The torsion spring is used to protect the rotational reset of the shaft.
  • the rotating end of the protection frame 11 is located on the side of its free end close to the cable end of the cutting head 2, so that the protection frame 11 is inclined as a whole, and the top and bottom of the blade holder 12 are respectively connected with the two protection frames 11 on both sides of the blade 14.
  • the two protective frames 11 on both sides of the blade 14 are opened and closed by the two blade holders 12 approaching and moving away from each other, so that the two protective strips 13 on both sides of the blade 14 can be separated from each other and stick closely.
  • the blade holder 12 drives the two protective frames 11 on both sides to open, the two protective strips 13 on both sides of the blade 14 are away from the surface of the blade 14, and the two blades 14 are on the same side
  • the two protection strips 13 are rotated synchronously with the protection frame 11 and approach each other until the two protection strips 13 abut the opposite side surfaces of the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable, and play a clamping role on the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable.
  • the two blades 14 are close to each other to cut the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable between the two blades 14, and during the cutting process, the detection sub-cable 101 is clamped on both sides of the cutting point, and the upper and lower parts are clamped.
  • the clamping point can tighten the detection sub-cable 101 between them, which is more conducive to the cutting of the detection sub-cable 101 by the blade 14 .
  • the end of the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable still has a sufficient length to be able to connect with the detection probe when it is used again. 22 is connected, and the cutting head 2 is also provided with a temporary storage and storage mechanism, which is used to temporarily store part of the detection sub-cable 101 in the cutting head 2.
  • the end of the detection sub-cable 101 is partially cut off. , through the unwinding of the temporary storage and storage mechanism, the end of the detection sub-cable 101 can be re-released by a part of the length, so that the end of the detection sub-cable 101 can be connected to the detection probe 22 again.
  • the structure of the temporary storage and storage mechanism is shown in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the storage mechanism includes a storage cavity 3 and an unwinding cavity 4.
  • the storage cavity 3 is located on the side of the shearing cavity 5 away from the cable end of the cutting head 2, and the unwinding cavity 4 is located in Between the receiving cavity 3 and the shearing cavity 5 .
  • the unwinding chamber 4 has a reel disposed along the radial direction of the shearing head 2 , and the reel includes a reel outer barrel 8 and a reel inner core 9 slidably connected in the reel outer barrel 8 .
  • One end of the reel outer cylinder 8 is open and the other end is sealed.
  • the inner wall of the shearing head 2 is respectively fixed with a coaxial fixing cylinder 6 corresponding to the two ends of the reel outer cylinder 8. They are respectively rotatably connected in the two fixed cylinders 6 , so as to realize the rotation of the outer cylinder 8 of the reel in the shearing head 2 .
  • a rotary sealing ring is also installed in the gap between the reel outer cylinder 8 and the shearing head 2 for A seal within this gap is achieved.
  • the reel outer cylinder 8 is provided with a first strip hole 80, and the fixed cylinder 6 is provided with a second strip hole 60.
  • the reel outer cylinder 8 rotates to a certain position in the fixed cylinder 6, the reel outer cylinder 8
  • the first strip hole 80 on the upper and the second strip hole 60 on the fixing cylinder 6 can be aligned.
  • a wire groove 81 for accommodating the detection sub-cable 101 is provided on the outer wall of the reel outer cylinder 8 .
  • the reel inner core 9 is located in the reel outer cylinder 8, the outer wall of the reel inner core 9 is provided with at least one rotary driving strip extending axially along the reel inner core 9, and the inner wall of the reel outer cylinder 8 is provided with a driving groove corresponding to the driving strip,
  • the driving bar is slidably connected in the driving slot, and the reel inner core 9 only has the freedom to slide axially along the reel outer tube 8 relative to the reel outer tube 8 through the cooperation of the driving slot and the driving bar.
  • the inner end of the reel inner core 9 and the inner side of the sealing end of the reel outer cylinder 8 are connected with a first spring 7. When the first spring 7 is in a free state, the outer end surface of the reel inner core 9 is located at the outer surface of the shearing head 2.
  • the inner side is at most flush with the outer surface of the cutting head 2 , so that the inner core 9 of the reel does not protrude from the outer surface of the cutting head 2 to hinder the movement of the cutting head 2 in the oil pipe.
  • a concave hole 90 is formed on the outer edge of the inner core 9 of the reel.
  • the concave hole 90 is connected with a sheet-like locking pin 92 through the second spring 91, and when the second spring 91 is in a free state, the locking pin 92 is locked.
  • the pin 92 protrudes from the circumferential surface of the inner core 9 of the reel, the protruding surface of the locking pin 92 is an inclined surface, and the locking pin 92 protrudes from the circumferential surface of the inner core 9 of the reel and passes through the first strip hole 80 on the outer cylinder 8 of the reel, Then, it is inserted into the second strip hole 60 on the fixed cylinder 6 to prevent the reel outer cylinder 8 from rotating relative to the fixed cylinder 6 .
  • an insertion portion for inserting human fingers is provided on the outer end surface of the reel inner core 9 .
  • the detection sub-cable 101 is stored and temporarily stored in the form of a coil in the storage cavity 3, and passes through the detection wire hole between the storage cavity 3 and the unwinding cavity 4 and then penetrates into the unwinding cavity 4, so as to be closely arranged. It is wound on the wire groove 81 of the outer cylinder 8 of the reel (usually two to three turns are sufficient), and multiple turns of the detection sub-cable 101 are placed in the storage cavity 3 . After the detection sub-cable 101 is unwound from the reel outer cylinder 8 , it passes through the detection wire hole between the unwinding chamber 4 and the shearing chamber 5 , and then passes through the gap between the two blades 14 .
  • the inner core 9 of the reel is loosened, and the inner core 9 of the reel is retracted into the outer cylinder 8 of the reel under the action of the first spring 7 , and the locking pin 92 pops out into the second strip hole 60 again, so that the outer cylinder 8 of the reel can be locked in the cutting head 2 again, so as to avoid unwinding the extra length of the detection sub-cable 101 .
  • a locking mark can be set at the corresponding position between the outer end face of the reel inner core 9 and the outer surface of the cutting head 2.
  • the vibration sensing fiber 104 in the cable runs through the entire cable body 1 and does not penetrate into the cutting head 2 .
  • the shearing sub-cable 102 in the cable passes through the receiving chamber 3 and the unwinding chamber 4 of the shearing head 2 in turn, then penetrates into the shearing chamber 5, and is connected to the micro motor in the shearing assembly.
  • the shearing sub-cable 102 is:
  • the micro-motor supplies power and realizes signal transmission, so as to send a cutting instruction to control the operation of the micro-motor to cut the detection sub-cable 101 .
  • the structure of the cable joint is shown in Figure 8-9, including The first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23, the shells of the first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23 form a cylindrical structure for accommodating joint parts by butt joint, and the first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23.
  • the housing of 23 is provided with a gasket 26 at the joint surface.
  • the first joint assembly 24 is a hollow structure, including a cylindrical first joint housing 240 , and one end of the casing facing the second joint assembly 23 has a diameter-reduced and outwardly extending protruding section 242 .
  • the outgoing section 242 is provided with external threads.
  • the casing has a cylindrical first sealing cavity 244 with one end open, and the opening of the first sealing cavity 244 faces the second joint assembly 24 .
  • Three first communication points 243 are provided on the side wall of the first sealing cavity 244, and the three first communication points 243 are respectively connected with the three cores of the cable detection sub-cable 101, the shearing sub-cable 102 and the vibration sensing optical fiber 104. .
  • a sealing plug 241 is sealed and slidably fitted in the first sealing cavity 244.
  • a first sealing spring 245 is connected between the end surface of the sealing plug 241 and the end of the first sealing cavity 244. The sealing plug 241 can move along the A sealed cavity 244 slides axially to expose and block the three first communication points 243 .
  • the second joint assembly 23 includes a cylindrical second joint housing 230 .
  • a cylindrical insertion portion 234 is integrally formed in the housing to match with the first sealing cavity 244 , and an annular insert is formed between the housing and the insertion portion 234 .
  • the cavity 231 is inserted into the cavity 231 for the protruding section 242 of the first joint assembly 24 to be inserted, and an inner thread is provided on the inner side wall of the housing near the first joint assembly 24 .
  • the peripheral outer wall of the insertion portion 234 is provided with three second communication points 232, and the three first communication points 243 are respectively connected with the three cores of the cable, the detection sub-cable 101, the shearing sub-cable 102 and the vibration sensing fiber 104. Connected.
  • a sealing sleeve 233 is slidably sleeved on the insertion portion 234 , and a second sealing spring 235 is connected between the end of the sealing sleeve 233 and the end of the insertion cavity 231 , and the sealing sleeve 233 can slide axially along the outer wall of the insertion portion 234 under the action of external force. Thereby, the three second communication points 232 are exposed and blocked.
  • the docking method of the first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23 is as follows: align the insertion portion 234 with the sealing plug 241, the protruding section 242 of the first joint assembly 24 is screwed into the insertion cavity 231 of the second joint assembly 23, The external thread on the protruding section 242 of the first joint assembly 24 cooperates with the internal thread of the housing of the second joint assembly 23 to realize the fixed connection of the first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23 .
  • the sealing plug 241 of the first joint assembly 24 slides axially along the first sealing cavity 244 under the pressing action of the insertion portion 234 of the second joint assembly 23, gradually exposing the three first communication points 243
  • the third The sealing sleeve 233 of the second joint assembly 23 slides axially along the outer wall of the insertion portion 234 under the pressing action of the end face of the protruding section 242 of the first joint assembly 24, gradually exposing the three second communication points 232 until the three first communication points 232 are exposed.
  • the points 243 are respectively communicated with the three second communication points 232, so that the detection sub-cable 101 of the cables at both ends of the joint assembly is communicated with the detection sub-cable 101, the shearing sub-cable 102 is communicated with the shearing sub-cable 102, and the vibration sensing optical fiber 104 In communication with the vibration sensing fiber 104 .
  • the corresponding second connection point 232 adopts a pop-up connection structure, that is, the butt-joint part adopts a special butt joint for optical fibers, which can be directed to the corresponding second connection point 232 under the action of the elastic part.
  • a connecting point 242 moves to make the connection more tightly, and the two second connecting points 232 corresponding to the detection sub-cable 101 and the shearing sub-cable 102 can adopt a common spring structure.
  • the end face of the casing of the first joint assembly 24 and the casing end face of the second joint assembly 23 form an outer end face seal, and the end face of the protruding section 242 of the first joint assembly 24
  • An inner end face seal is formed with the end face of the sealing sleeve 233 of the second joint assembly 23 .
  • a gasket 26 is provided at the joint surface sealed on the outer end face and the joint face sealed on the inner end face, so as to ensure the reliability of signal transmission.
  • the construction personnel usually need to thread the pipeline into the oil pipe in sequence, without affecting the docking and lifting of the oil pipe, while the traditional cable structure is used, and the adjacent short-section cables are usually stripped.
  • the wire is connected by butt winding, and in order to avoid the load bearing at the joint, the "8"-shaped convoluted winding method is usually used, which will directly lead to a large volume of the butt joint, and the joint is relatively difficult to slide in the oil pipe, and the winding insulation
  • the tape is easily damaged, which in turn affects the insulation performance.
  • the outer wall of the casing of the first joint assembly 24 and the outer wall of the second joint assembly 23 of the joint are circumferentially provided with Multiple sets of balls 25 can form rolling friction when the joint slides in the oil pipe, and the joint slides in the oil pipe more smoothly and labor-saving.
  • the edges and corners of the outer surfaces of the first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23 are rounded and chamfered, so as to reduce the sliding resistance of the joint in the oil pipe.
  • the present invention also provides an orientation measurement system, which includes a magnetic guidance system and a vibration-assisted guidance system.
  • the magnetic guidance system includes:
  • RMRS magnetic source installed near the drill bit of the drilling tool, used to generate alternating magnetic field
  • a measuring probe pipe which is sent into the reference well through the oil pipe, used to detect the magnetic field strength and orientation generated by the RMRS magnetic source, and transmits the detection data to the surface interface device through the above-mentioned cable;
  • the ground interface device is connected with the measurement probe through the detection sub-cable in the cable, and is used for transmitting the detection data to the ground calculation and analysis system through the wireless signal transmitter;
  • the surface calculation and analysis system calculates the position of the positive drilling relative to the reference well according to the detection data transmitted by the surface interface device.
  • the magnetic steering system in the present invention uses the RMRS magnetic steering technology in the prior art to control the horizontal trajectory of the drilling.
  • the above-mentioned vibration-assisted guiding system includes:
  • Vibration sensing fiber used to collect vibration signals generated by drilling tools during drilling
  • the vibration signal processing system calculates the position of the vibration source according to the data transmitted by the vibration sensing fiber.
  • the principle of the vibration-assisted guiding system for detecting the position of the vibration source is: the position in the cable body 1 close to the shearing head 2 has a fiber-optic vibration sensor 1040 matched with the vibration-sensing fiber 104.
  • the receiving The echo waveform received at the end is stable; during the measurement process, the screw motor in the positive drilling vibrates under the action of the drilling fluid, and the optical fiber vibration sensor detects the vibration and acts on the vibration sensing fiber 104.
  • the echo waveform received by the receiving end is stable; once external vibration affects the vibration detection fiber, the light intensity difference caused by the vibration can be detected by measuring and calculating the energy difference at different times at the same position, and the vibration can be detected. position, that is, to achieve accurate positioning of the vibration source that causes the vibration of the vibration detection fiber.
  • the construction process of the present invention is the working principle as follows:
  • one end of the cable provided with the shear head 2 of the present application is connected to the detection probe 22 through the detection sub-cable 101, and the detection probe 22 is connected to the oil pipe, and then the cable threading work is completed according to the traditional threading method, Multiple short-section cables can be quickly connected through the above docking structure, and the time can be shortened to 3-5 minutes, which greatly improves the wiring efficiency, and the sealing performance is good.
  • the detection probe 22 is sent to the target depth of the reference well through the oil pipe.
  • the depth position of the RMRS magnetic source in the drilling remains unchanged, and the drilling fluid continues to circulate to drive the downhole screw motor to rotate, and vibration will be generated at the same time.
  • the vibration-assisted guiding system is measured.
  • the result of the magnetic steering system is used as the reference value of the result measured by the magnetic steering system.
  • the magnetic steering system can be re-detected for the position of the magnetic source to increase the detection accuracy of the magnetic steering system, or the depth of the drilling tool being drilled, that is, the depth of the RMRS magnetic source, can be changed. Also refer to the change of the feeding depth of the tubing in the well to make the depth of the detection probe 22 theoretically match the position of the RMRS magnetic source, and then measure and compare again.
  • the shearing sub-cable 102 can be used to control the shearing component to cut the detection sub-cable 101 to separate it from the detection probe pipe 22, and the upper cable can be directly taken out (during the take-out process, because the The butt joint structure can effectively ensure the centering of the cable and reduce the friction between it and the inner wall of the oil pipe, and the ball 25 can also further reduce the resistance and relieve the deformation caused by gravity), and then move it to the external area to split the cable joint so as to It is used for the second time, and the oil pipe removal work is carried out normally, which avoids the wellhead safety accident caused by the cross operation, and also shortens the wellhead opening construction time, and effectively prevents the blowout accident.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de l'extraction de pétrole dans le domaine pétrolier. Est plus précisément divulgué un câble neural de réseau destiné à l'exploitation de puits de pétrole et de gaz, comprenant un corps de câble. Le corps de câble comprend une couche isolante et un sous-câble de détection et une fibre optique de détection de vibration disposée dans la couche isolante; une extrémité du corps de câble est pourvue d'une tête de cisaillement, une extrémité du sous-câble de détection traverse la tête de cisaillement et s'étend ensuite hors de la tête de cisaillement, et un ensemble de cisaillement utilisé pour cisailler le sous-câble de détection est disposé dans la tête de cisaillement. Dans la présente invention, la fibre optique de détection de vibration est en outre disposée dans le câble, un signal de vibration généré par un moteur d'outil de forage dans un puits de forage en cours de forage est collecté par la fibre optique de détection de vibration, et la position du moteur d'outil de forage (c'est-à-dire, une source de vibration) est calculée en vue d'une détection, de façon à obtenir des informations de position du puits de forage en cours de forage; les informations servent de valeur de référence en vue de la détection d'un système de guidage magnétique classique, le défaut de déviation éventuellement généré par une seule commande de guidage magnétique classique est surmonté, et par conséquent, une trajectoire d'un puits horizontal est commandée avec précision.
PCT/CN2021/092326 2021-04-20 2021-05-08 Câble neural de réseau pour exploitation de puits de pétrole et de gaz et système de mesure directionnel WO2022222200A1 (fr)

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CN202110433624.2A CN113062726B (zh) 2021-04-20 2021-04-20 油气井开采用网络神经电缆及定向测量系统
CN202110433624.2 2021-04-20

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CN101916616A (zh) * 2010-08-19 2010-12-15 中国海洋石油总公司 海上石油平台电力组网用的海底电缆
CN103352656A (zh) * 2013-08-05 2013-10-16 四川宏华石油设备有限公司 一种钻井系统
US20150083436A1 (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-03-26 G&H Diversified Manufacturing, Lp Method for installing and operating a cable head with cable shear mechanism for wireline cable supporting oilfield equipment in a wellbore
CN207458660U (zh) * 2017-03-10 2018-06-05 江苏华能电缆股份有限公司 一种海上钻井平台用光电复合电力电缆
CN112253084A (zh) * 2020-09-15 2021-01-22 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 一种井下双探头磁测量装置及方法

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US7963319B2 (en) * 2009-01-08 2011-06-21 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Downhole cable gripping/shearing device
US8082980B2 (en) * 2009-01-21 2011-12-27 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Downhole well access line cutting tool
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WO2015178935A1 (fr) * 2014-05-23 2015-11-26 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Ensemble de préhension de câble de fond de trou et procédé d'utilisation
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CN101916616A (zh) * 2010-08-19 2010-12-15 中国海洋石油总公司 海上石油平台电力组网用的海底电缆
CN103352656A (zh) * 2013-08-05 2013-10-16 四川宏华石油设备有限公司 一种钻井系统
US20150083436A1 (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-03-26 G&H Diversified Manufacturing, Lp Method for installing and operating a cable head with cable shear mechanism for wireline cable supporting oilfield equipment in a wellbore
CN207458660U (zh) * 2017-03-10 2018-06-05 江苏华能电缆股份有限公司 一种海上钻井平台用光电复合电力电缆
CN112253084A (zh) * 2020-09-15 2021-01-22 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 一种井下双探头磁测量装置及方法

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