WO2022222200A1

WO2022222200A1 - Network neural cable for oil-gas well mining and directional measurement system

Info

Publication number: WO2022222200A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/092326
Authority: WO
Inventors: 曾令果; 魏勇; 李志均; 周翔; 唐世刚
Original assignee: 渝丰科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2021-04-20
Filing date: 2021-05-08
Publication date: 2022-10-27
Also published as: CN113062726B; CN113062726A

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of oil field oil extraction. Specifically disclosed is a network neural cable for oil-gas well mining, comprising a cable body. The cable body comprises an insulating layer and a detection sub-cable and a vibration sensing optical fiber arranged in the insulating layer; one end of the cable body is provided with a shearing head, one end of the detection sub-cable passes through the shearing head and then extends out of the shearing head, and a shearing assembly used for shearing the detection sub-cable is arranged in the shearing head. In the present invention, the vibration sensing optical fiber is additionally arranged in the cable, a vibration signal generated by a drilling tool motor in a wellbore being drilled is collected by the vibration sensing optical fiber, and the position of the drilling tool motor (i.e., a vibration source) is calculated for detection, so as to obtain position information of the wellbore being drilled; the information serves as a reference value for detection of a traditional magnetic guidance system, the deviation defect possibly generated by traditional single magnetic guidance control is overcome, and therefore, a trajectory of a horizontal well is accurately controlled.

Description

Oil and gas well opening adopts network neural cable and directional measurement system

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil production in oil fields, in particular to a network neural cable and a directional measurement system for oil and gas well development.

Background technique

SAGD technology, that is, steam-assisted gravity unloading technology, is suitable for the exploitation of super-heavy oil reservoirs or natural bitumen with very high crude oil viscosity. This technology uses steam as the heat source, and combines heat conduction with heat convection to achieve convection between steam and oil and water, and then relies on the gravity of crude oil and condensate to recover oil.

SAGD can be realized in the following two ways: the first is to adopt a pair of horizontal wells in parallel up and down, and the second is to adopt the combination of vertical wells and horizontal wells. In the dual horizontal well SAGD method, it is more complicated and difficult to complete the horizontal drilling process. In order to achieve the expected high recovery rate of SAGD oil wells, the horizontal wellbore trajectory of the steam injection well located above and the production well located below need to be controlled within a certain relative error range, that is, the distance error of the two wells and The borehole direction error must meet certain requirements, and the horizontal well sections of the two wells should be kept as close to the ideal straight-line-parallel relationship as possible.

In the prior art, the wellbore trajectory is controlled by using the magnetic positioning and guiding technology. The principle is to couple the magnetic field signal generation source and the signal measurement position into a closed-loop system. According to the distribution law, a mathematical model is established to solve the calculation, and the space vector distance between the magnetic field signal source and the measurement position is obtained, so as to guide the drilling of the wellbore trajectory according to the design requirements.

However, the existing technology only uses magnetic positioning and steering technology for the trajectory control of horizontal wells. In the actual application process, different formation conditions will have different effects on the magnetic field signal. Using this single-factor control method to control the trajectory of horizontal wells will lead to There is a certain error in the actual horizontal well trajectory. On the other hand, due to the influence of the cable structure and construction process, there are often problems such as a long construction period, the need for cross operations, and a large safety hazard.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: a single measurement method controls the trajectory error is relatively large, the requirements for measurement conditions are relatively high, and the construction period is relatively long.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A network neural cable is used for oil and gas well opening, which includes a cable body, and the cable body includes an insulating layer, a detection sub-cable and a vibration sensing optical fiber arranged in the insulating layer; one end of the cable body is provided with a shearing head, so The end of the detection sub-cable passes through the shearing head and extends to the outside of the shearing head, and the shearing head is provided with a shearing component for cutting the detection sub-cable.

Further, a shearing sub-cable is also provided in the insulating layer, and the shearing sub-cable is electrically connected with the shearing component.

Further, the shearing assembly includes two blades opposite to the two sides of the detection sub-cable, the blades are fixedly arranged on the blade rest, and the cutting head is provided with a blade for driving the two blade rests to approach and move away from each other. Shear drive assembly.

Further, the cutting head is also provided with a temporary storage and storage mechanism for storage of the detection sub-cable, and the temporary storage and storage mechanism is located on the side of the cutting assembly close to the cable body.

Further, the cutting head has an anti-miscut mechanism arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the blades, and the anti-miscut mechanism is used to block the blades of the two blades.

Further, the anti-miscut mechanism includes a protection frame respectively arranged on two sides of the blade and a protection strip arranged at the free end of the protection frame. The two protective strips can block or expose the blade edge through the closing and opening of the two blade holders on both sides of the blade.

Further, the top and bottom of the blade holder are respectively abutted against the two sides of the two protective frames on both sides of the blade, and the blade holder is close to and away from the detection sub-cable to realize the opening and closing of the two protection frames on both sides of the same blade holder.

Further, it is characterized in that the cable is formed by connecting a plurality of short-section cables through joints.

Further, the joint includes a first joint assembly and a second joint assembly which are respectively arranged at both ends of the short cable and are matched with each other. After the first joint assembly and the second joint assembly are butted, the two form an end face seal, and the The joint surface is provided with a gasket.

The present invention also provides a directional measurement system, including a magnetic guiding system and a vibration guiding system;

Wherein, the magnetic guidance system includes:

RMRS magnetic source, installed near the drill bit of the drilling tool, used to generate alternating magnetic field;

The measurement probe pipe, which is sent into the reference well through the oil pipe, is used to detect the magnetic field strength and orientation generated by the RMRS magnetic source, and transmit the detection data to the surface interface device through the cable;

The ground interface device is connected with the measurement probe through the detection sub-cable in the cable, and is used for transmitting the detection data to the ground calculation and analysis system through the wireless signal transmitter;

The ground calculation and analysis system calculates the position of the positive drilling relative to the reference well according to the detection data transmitted by the surface interface device;

Wherein, the vibration-assisted guiding system includes:

Vibration sensing fiber, used to collect vibration signals generated by drilling tools during drilling;

The optical fiber vibration sensor is arranged in the cable body near the cutting head, and is matched with the vibration sensing optical fiber to transmit the vibration to the vibration sensing optical fiber;

The vibration signal processing system calculates the position of the vibration source according to the data transmitted by the vibration sensing fiber.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

In the present invention, a vibration sensing optical fiber is added in the cable, the vibration signal generated by the drilling tool motor in the drilling is collected through the vibration sensing optical fiber itself, and the position of the drilling tool motor (ie, the vibration source) is calculated and detected, so as to obtain a positive vibration signal. Drilling position information, and use this information as the reference value detected by the traditional magnetic steering system to improve the deviation defect that may be caused by the traditional single magnetic steering control, so as to accurately control the trajectory of the horizontal well.

Change the structure of the cable end to make it easy to connect multiple coils of short lines, improve the efficiency of cable penetration in series, and save construction time and cost. The operation improves the construction safety factor, and at the same time further shortens the construction period, reduces material waste, and reduces engineering costs.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the shearing head, the oil pipe and the detection probe according to the embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a cable body in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an internal structure diagram of the cutting head in the embodiment of the present invention, and the blade is in an uncut state.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the blade in FIG. 3 in a cutting state.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 6 is a top view of the shear assembly of FIGS. 3 and 4 .

FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of FIG. 6 with the addition of an anti-miscut mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cable joint.

FIG. 9 is an axial cross-sectional view of FIG. 8 .

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of the vibration guide system of the present invention.

Among them, the reference signs include:

Reference numerals include:

Cable body 1, insulating layer 100, detection sub-cable 101, shearing sub-cable 102, filling layer 103, vibration sensing optical fiber 104, optical fiber vibration sensor 1040,

cutting head 2,

Storage cavity 3,

Unwinding cavity 4,

Shearing cavity 5,

Fixed cylinder 6, second strip hole 60,

The first spring 7,

Reel outer cylinder 8, first strip hole 80, wire groove 81,

Reel inner core 9, concave hole 90, second spring 91, locking pin 92,

ear plate 10,

Protective frame 11,

Tool holder 12,

Protection strip 13,

Blade 14,

Fixing frame 15,

Drive shaft 16,

Drive gear 17,

driven gear 18,

driven shaft 19,

connecting rod 20,

connecting arm 21,

The detection probe 22, the connecting core 220,

The second joint assembly 23, the second joint housing 230, the insertion cavity 231, the second communication point 232, the sealing sleeve 233, the insertion portion 234, the second sealing spring 235,

The first joint assembly 24, the first joint housing 240, the sealing plug 241, the protruding section 242, the first communication point 243, the first sealing cavity 244, the first sealing spring 245,

Ball 25,

Gasket 26.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In specific implementation: As shown in Figures 1-4, a prefabricated cable for drilling special oil and gas wells includes a cable body 1 and a shearing head 2 disposed at one end of the cable body 1. The cable body 1 includes an insulating layer 100 and a detection sub-cable 101, a shearing sub-cable 102 and a vibration sensing optical fiber 104 arranged in the insulating layer 100. The portion outside the sensing fiber 104 has the filling layer 103 .

The end of the cutting head 2 connected to the cable body 1 is the cable end, and the end away from the cable end is the free end. The shearing head 2 is a cylindrical shell. During implementation, the shearing head 2 is made of rigid materials such as stainless steel. The shearing head 2 and the insulating layer 100 of the cable body 1 are fixed by hot melting. The diameter is larger than the diameter of the cable body 1, but smaller than the inner diameter of the oil pipe (the inner diameter of the oil pipe is about 80mm) to ensure that the shear head 2 can pass through the oil pipe, so that the shear head 2 can be pulled out of the oil and gas well together with the cable body 1. The specific structure of the connection between the shearing head 2 , the oil pipe and the detection probe 22 is shown in FIG. 1 . The detection probe 22 has a connecting core 220 for connecting with a cable, and the end of the oil pipe and the detection probe 22 are connected by a thread. Fixed connection, the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable is hard-connected with the connecting core 220 of the detection probe 22 after passing through the cutting head 2, and then wrapped with tape at the hard connection. Usually, the detection probe 22 is equipped with a protective cover for Carry out secondary protection for the hard connection part.

As shown in Fig. 1, a plurality of holes are opened on the wall of the oil pipe near the detection probe 22, the purpose is to pump the killing fluid into the oil pipe during the drilling process, and the killing fluid is discharged into the annulus through the holes on the oil pipe. In order to balance the formation pressure, a bottom cover is detachably installed on the end of the shear head 2 away from the cable body 1. The detachable way can be screwed. The detection sub-cable 101 passes through the bottom cover and then communicates with the detection probe. The connecting core 220 of the tube 22 is hard-connected, and the penetration part is sealed by hot melt to prevent liquid from invading into the shearing head 2 from the bottom.

The internal structure of the cutting head 2 is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 . The cutting head 2 is provided with a cutting cavity 5 , and a cutting assembly is set in the cutting cavity 5 for cutting the detection sub-cable 101 . The structure of the shearing assembly is shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, and includes a micro motor, a fixed frame 15, a tool holder 12 on both sides of the fixed frame 15, and a blade 14 arranged on the tool holder 12. The blades on the two tool holders 12 14 are arranged opposite to each other, and the blade surfaces of the two blades 14 can fit together (similar to the structure of the blades of scissors in the prior art). The fixing frame 15 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cutting head 2 , the micro motor (not shown in the figure) is fixedly installed on the fixing frame 15 , and the output shaft (ie, the driving shaft 16 ) of the micro motor is sleeved with a driving gear 17 . The tool rest 12 is fixed with a connecting arm 21 , and two parallel connecting rods 20 are hinged between the fixing frame 15 and the connecting arms 21 on both sides of the fixing frame 15 , and the end of the connecting rod 20 connected with the fixing frame 15 is hinged through the driven shaft 19 , that is, the driven shaft 19 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 15, the connecting rod 20 is fixedly connected to the driven shaft 19, and the driven shaft 19 on one of the two connecting rods 20 on the same side of the fixed frame 15 A driven gear 18 is also sleeved on the upper part, the two driven gears 18 are meshed, and the driving gear 17 is meshed with one of the driven gears 18 . The tool holder 12 , the fixing frame 15 and the two connecting rods 20 between them constitute a parallelogram four-bar linkage mechanism.

During the construction of traditional SAGD wells, the cables connected to the detection probe 22 are usually connected in series by multiple coils of wires. Usually, it takes about 15-20 minutes for each connection, which increases the working hours. During the operation period, the cables usually used will be directly scrapped, that is, each time an oil pipe is taken out, the corresponding cable will be cut off, which will relatively increase the engineering cost and cause unnecessary waste of resources. However, with the above solution, when the drilling construction is completed, the lower end of the detection sub-cable 101 can be cut off by the shearing component to separate it from the detection probe 22. At this time, the construction personnel can use the winch or other means. , Pull out all the cables located in the well, which can be reused in the follow-up, and also avoid the cross operation, and relatively improve the construction safety factor.

In order to prevent the detection sub-cable 101 in the cable from being accidentally injured by the blade 14 when the cable is in normal use, the present invention is provided with an anti-miscut mechanism on the outside of the two blades 14 .

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the anti-miscut mechanism includes protective frames 11 arranged on two sides of the blade 14 respectively, and protective strips 13 arranged on the free ends of the protective frames 11 . The protective strips 13 are made of elastic materials, such as elastic rubber. Material, the protection strips 13 on both sides of the blade 14 are pressed against the outside of the blade edge of the blade 14 , thereby preventing the blade edge of the blade 14 from damaging the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable between the two blades 14 . One end of the protection frame 11 close to the inner wall of the shearing head 2 is fixedly connected with a protection shaft, and the inner wall of the shearing head 2 is fixedly installed with an ear plate 10 corresponding to the protection shaft, the protection shaft is hinged with the ear plate 10, and the protection shaft is installed with The torsion spring is used to protect the rotational reset of the shaft. The rotating end of the protection frame 11 is located on the side of its free end close to the cable end of the cutting head 2, so that the protection frame 11 is inclined as a whole, and the top and bottom of the blade holder 12 are respectively connected with the two protection frames 11 on both sides of the blade 14. By counteracting, the two protective frames 11 on both sides of the blade 14 are opened and closed by the two blade holders 12 approaching and moving away from each other, so that the two protective strips 13 on both sides of the blade 14 can be separated from each other and stick closely.

Moreover, when the two blades 14 are close to each other, the blade holder 12 drives the two protective frames 11 on both sides to open, the two protective strips 13 on both sides of the blade 14 are away from the surface of the blade 14, and the two blades 14 are on the same side The two protection strips 13 are rotated synchronously with the protection frame 11 and approach each other until the two protection strips 13 abut the opposite side surfaces of the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable, and play a clamping role on the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable. The two blades 14 are close to each other to cut the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable between the two blades 14, and during the cutting process, the detection sub-cable 101 is clamped on both sides of the cutting point, and the upper and lower parts are clamped. The clamping point can tighten the detection sub-cable 101 between them, which is more conducive to the cutting of the detection sub-cable 101 by the blade 14 . In order to facilitate the subsequent reuse of the recovered cable, that is, after the end of the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable is cut by the shearing component, the end of the detection sub-cable 101 of the cable still has a sufficient length to be able to connect with the detection probe when it is used again. 22 is connected, and the cutting head 2 is also provided with a temporary storage and storage mechanism, which is used to temporarily store part of the detection sub-cable 101 in the cutting head 2. Each time the cable is recovered, the end of the detection sub-cable 101 is partially cut off. , through the unwinding of the temporary storage and storage mechanism, the end of the detection sub-cable 101 can be re-released by a part of the length, so that the end of the detection sub-cable 101 can be connected to the detection probe 22 again.

The structure of the temporary storage and storage mechanism is shown in Figures 3 and 4. The storage mechanism includes a storage cavity 3 and an unwinding cavity 4. The storage cavity 3 is located on the side of the shearing cavity 5 away from the cable end of the cutting head 2, and the unwinding cavity 4 is located in Between the receiving cavity 3 and the shearing cavity 5 . The unwinding chamber 4 has a reel disposed along the radial direction of the shearing head 2 , and the reel includes a reel outer barrel 8 and a reel inner core 9 slidably connected in the reel outer barrel 8 .

One end of the reel outer cylinder 8 is open and the other end is sealed. The inner wall of the shearing head 2 is respectively fixed with a coaxial fixing cylinder 6 corresponding to the two ends of the reel outer cylinder 8. They are respectively rotatably connected in the two fixed cylinders 6 , so as to realize the rotation of the outer cylinder 8 of the reel in the shearing head 2 . At the same time, in order to prevent oil from infiltrating into the shearing head 2 from the gap between the reel outer cylinder 8 and the shearing head 2, a rotary sealing ring is also installed in the gap between the reel outer cylinder 8 and the shearing head 2 for A seal within this gap is achieved. And the reel outer cylinder 8 is provided with a first strip hole 80, and the fixed cylinder 6 is provided with a second strip hole 60. When the reel outer cylinder 8 rotates to a certain position in the fixed cylinder 6, the reel outer cylinder 8 The first strip hole 80 on the upper and the second strip hole 60 on the fixing cylinder 6 can be aligned. A wire groove 81 for accommodating the detection sub-cable 101 is provided on the outer wall of the reel outer cylinder 8 .

The reel inner core 9 is located in the reel outer cylinder 8, the outer wall of the reel inner core 9 is provided with at least one rotary driving strip extending axially along the reel inner core 9, and the inner wall of the reel outer cylinder 8 is provided with a driving groove corresponding to the driving strip, The driving bar is slidably connected in the driving slot, and the reel inner core 9 only has the freedom to slide axially along the reel outer tube 8 relative to the reel outer tube 8 through the cooperation of the driving slot and the driving bar. And the inner end of the reel inner core 9 and the inner side of the sealing end of the reel outer cylinder 8 are connected with a first spring 7. When the first spring 7 is in a free state, the outer end surface of the reel inner core 9 is located at the outer surface of the shearing head 2. The inner side is at most flush with the outer surface of the cutting head 2 , so that the inner core 9 of the reel does not protrude from the outer surface of the cutting head 2 to hinder the movement of the cutting head 2 in the oil pipe. As shown in FIG. 5 , a concave hole 90 is formed on the outer edge of the inner core 9 of the reel. The concave hole 90 is connected with a sheet-like locking pin 92 through the second spring 91, and when the second spring 91 is in a free state, the locking pin 92 is locked. The pin 92 protrudes from the circumferential surface of the inner core 9 of the reel, the protruding surface of the locking pin 92 is an inclined surface, and the locking pin 92 protrudes from the circumferential surface of the inner core 9 of the reel and passes through the first strip hole 80 on the outer cylinder 8 of the reel, Then, it is inserted into the second strip hole 60 on the fixed cylinder 6 to prevent the reel outer cylinder 8 from rotating relative to the fixed cylinder 6 . In order to facilitate the pulling out of the reel inner core 9 from the reel outer cylinder 8 , an insertion portion for inserting human fingers is provided on the outer end surface of the reel inner core 9 .

The detection sub-cable 101 is stored and temporarily stored in the form of a coil in the storage cavity 3, and passes through the detection wire hole between the storage cavity 3 and the unwinding cavity 4 and then penetrates into the unwinding cavity 4, so as to be closely arranged. It is wound on the wire groove 81 of the outer cylinder 8 of the reel (usually two to three turns are sufficient), and multiple turns of the detection sub-cable 101 are placed in the storage cavity 3 . After the detection sub-cable 101 is unwound from the reel outer cylinder 8 , it passes through the detection wire hole between the unwinding chamber 4 and the shearing chamber 5 , and then passes through the gap between the two blades 14 .

When a part of the detection sub-cable 101 needs to be released to be connected to the detection probe 22, insert a human finger into the insertion part of the reel inner core 9, pull out a part of the reel inner core 9, and the locking pin 92 on the reel inner core 9 is squeezed into the reel In the concave hole 90 on the inner core 9, the locking between the outer cylinder 8 of the reel and the fixed cylinder 6 is released, and then the inner core 9 of the reel is rotated again, and the outer cylinder 8 of the reel is driven to rotate by the cooperation of the driving strip and the driving groove, Realize the unwinding of the detection sub-cable 101 by the outer cylinder 8 of the reel. After the required length is unwound, the inner core 9 of the reel is loosened, and the inner core 9 of the reel is retracted into the outer cylinder 8 of the reel under the action of the first spring 7 , and the locking pin 92 pops out into the second strip hole 60 again, so that the outer cylinder 8 of the reel can be locked in the cutting head 2 again, so as to avoid unwinding the extra length of the detection sub-cable 101 . In order to ensure that the locking pin 92 can spring back after the reel inner core 9 is released, a locking mark can be set at the corresponding position between the outer end face of the reel inner core 9 and the outer surface of the cutting head 2. When the reel inner core 9 rotates to the locking mark , indicating that the first strip hole 80 on the outer cylinder 8 of the reel is aligned with the second strip hole 60 on the fixed cylinder 6, when the inner core 9 of the reel is released, the inner core 9 of the reel retracts, and the The locking pin 92 can just pass through the first strip hole 80 on the reel outer cylinder 8 and then be inserted into the second strip hole 60 on the fixing cylinder 6 .

The vibration sensing fiber 104 in the cable runs through the entire cable body 1 and does not penetrate into the cutting head 2 . The shearing sub-cable 102 in the cable passes through the receiving chamber 3 and the unwinding chamber 4 of the shearing head 2 in turn, then penetrates into the shearing chamber 5, and is connected to the micro motor in the shearing assembly. The shearing sub-cable 102 is: The micro-motor supplies power and realizes signal transmission, so as to send a cutting instruction to control the operation of the micro-motor to cut the detection sub-cable 101 .

Since the drilling depth of horizontal wells is usually long and the length of the entire cable is long, the entire cable usually needs to be butted by multiple cables through joints to form the required length. The structure of the cable joint is shown in Figure 8-9, including The first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23, the shells of the first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23 form a cylindrical structure for accommodating joint parts by butt joint, and the first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23. The housing of 23 is provided with a gasket 26 at the joint surface.

The first joint assembly 24 is a hollow structure, including a cylindrical first joint housing 240 , and one end of the casing facing the second joint assembly 23 has a diameter-reduced and outwardly extending protruding section 242 . The outgoing section 242 is provided with external threads. The casing has a cylindrical first sealing cavity 244 with one end open, and the opening of the first sealing cavity 244 faces the second joint assembly 24 . Three first communication points 243 are provided on the side wall of the first sealing cavity 244, and the three first communication points 243 are respectively connected with the three cores of the cable detection sub-cable 101, the shearing sub-cable 102 and the vibration sensing optical fiber 104. . At the same time, a sealing plug 241 is sealed and slidably fitted in the first sealing cavity 244. At the same time, a first sealing spring 245 is connected between the end surface of the sealing plug 241 and the end of the first sealing cavity 244. The sealing plug 241 can move along the A sealed cavity 244 slides axially to expose and block the three first communication points 243 .

The second joint assembly 23 includes a cylindrical second joint housing 230 . A cylindrical insertion portion 234 is integrally formed in the housing to match with the first sealing cavity 244 , and an annular insert is formed between the housing and the insertion portion 234 . The cavity 231 is inserted into the cavity 231 for the protruding section 242 of the first joint assembly 24 to be inserted, and an inner thread is provided on the inner side wall of the housing near the first joint assembly 24 . Similarly, the peripheral outer wall of the insertion portion 234 is provided with three second communication points 232, and the three first communication points 243 are respectively connected with the three cores of the cable, the detection sub-cable 101, the shearing sub-cable 102 and the vibration sensing fiber 104. Connected. A sealing sleeve 233 is slidably sleeved on the insertion portion 234 , and a second sealing spring 235 is connected between the end of the sealing sleeve 233 and the end of the insertion cavity 231 , and the sealing sleeve 233 can slide axially along the outer wall of the insertion portion 234 under the action of external force. Thereby, the three second communication points 232 are exposed and blocked.

The docking method of the first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23 is as follows: align the insertion portion 234 with the sealing plug 241, the protruding section 242 of the first joint assembly 24 is screwed into the insertion cavity 231 of the second joint assembly 23, The external thread on the protruding section 242 of the first joint assembly 24 cooperates with the internal thread of the housing of the second joint assembly 23 to realize the fixed connection of the first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23 . At the same time, when docking, the sealing plug 241 of the first joint assembly 24 slides axially along the first sealing cavity 244 under the pressing action of the insertion portion 234 of the second joint assembly 23, gradually exposing the three first communication points 243, the third The sealing sleeve 233 of the second joint assembly 23 slides axially along the outer wall of the insertion portion 234 under the pressing action of the end face of the protruding section 242 of the first joint assembly 24, gradually exposing the three second communication points 232 until the three first communication points 232 are exposed. The points 243 are respectively communicated with the three second communication points 232, so that the detection sub-cable 101 of the cables at both ends of the joint assembly is communicated with the detection sub-cable 101, the shearing sub-cable 102 is communicated with the shearing sub-cable 102, and the vibration sensing optical fiber 104 In communication with the vibration sensing fiber 104 . And in this application, in order to ensure good butt-joint signals of the adjacent vibration sensing fibers 104, the corresponding second connection point 232 adopts a pop-up connection structure, that is, the butt-joint part adopts a special butt joint for optical fibers, which can be directed to the corresponding second connection point 232 under the action of the elastic part. A connecting point 242 moves to make the connection more tightly, and the two second connecting points 232 corresponding to the detection sub-cable 101 and the shearing sub-cable 102 can adopt a common spring structure.

After the first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23 are butted together, the end face of the casing of the first joint assembly 24 and the casing end face of the second joint assembly 23 form an outer end face seal, and the end face of the protruding section 242 of the first joint assembly 24 An inner end face seal is formed with the end face of the sealing sleeve 233 of the second joint assembly 23 . In order to prevent gas and liquid from invading into the inside of the cable joint, a gasket 26 is provided at the joint surface sealed on the outer end face and the joint face sealed on the inner end face, so as to ensure the reliability of signal transmission.

On the other hand, in the process of inserting the instrument into the well, the construction personnel usually need to thread the pipeline into the oil pipe in sequence, without affecting the docking and lifting of the oil pipe, while the traditional cable structure is used, and the adjacent short-section cables are usually stripped. The wire is connected by butt winding, and in order to avoid the load bearing at the joint, the "8"-shaped convoluted winding method is usually used, which will directly lead to a large volume of the butt joint, and the joint is relatively difficult to slide in the oil pipe, and the winding insulation The tape is easily damaged, which in turn affects the insulation performance. In this application, in order to make the oil pipe slide more smoothly when the joint is threading, the outer wall of the casing of the first joint assembly 24 and the outer wall of the second joint assembly 23 of the joint are circumferentially provided with Multiple sets of balls 25 can form rolling friction when the joint slides in the oil pipe, and the joint slides in the oil pipe more smoothly and labor-saving. In addition, the edges and corners of the outer surfaces of the first joint assembly 24 and the second joint assembly 23 are rounded and chamfered, so as to reduce the sliding resistance of the joint in the oil pipe.

On the basis of the above, the present invention also provides an orientation measurement system, which includes a magnetic guidance system and a vibration-assisted guidance system.

Among them, the magnetic guidance system includes:

A measuring probe pipe, which is sent into the reference well through the oil pipe, used to detect the magnetic field strength and orientation generated by the RMRS magnetic source, and transmits the detection data to the surface interface device through the above-mentioned cable;

The surface calculation and analysis system calculates the position of the positive drilling relative to the reference well according to the detection data transmitted by the surface interface device.

As can be seen from the above, the magnetic steering system in the present invention uses the RMRS magnetic steering technology in the prior art to control the horizontal trajectory of the drilling.

The above-mentioned vibration-assisted guiding system includes:

The principle block diagram of the vibration-assisted guidance system is shown in Figure 10.

The principle of the vibration-assisted guiding system for detecting the position of the vibration source is: the position in the cable body 1 close to the shearing head 2 has a fiber-optic vibration sensor 1040 matched with the vibration-sensing fiber 104. When no vibration event occurs around the vibration-sensing fiber, the receiving The echo waveform received at the end is stable; during the measurement process, the screw motor in the positive drilling vibrates under the action of the drilling fluid, and the optical fiber vibration sensor detects the vibration and acts on the vibration sensing fiber 104. When there is no vibration event around the vibration detection fiber When it occurs, the echo waveform received by the receiving end is stable; once external vibration affects the vibration detection fiber, the light intensity difference caused by the vibration can be detected by measuring and calculating the energy difference at different times at the same position, and the vibration can be detected. position, that is, to achieve accurate positioning of the vibration source that causes the vibration of the vibration detection fiber.

The construction process of the present invention is the working principle as follows:

In preparation before construction, one end of the cable provided with the shear head 2 of the present application is connected to the detection probe 22 through the detection sub-cable 101, and the detection probe 22 is connected to the oil pipe, and then the cable threading work is completed according to the traditional threading method, Multiple short-section cables can be quickly connected through the above docking structure, and the time can be shortened to 3-5 minutes, which greatly improves the wiring efficiency, and the sealing performance is good.

The detection probe 22 is sent to the target depth of the reference well through the oil pipe. When measurement is required, the depth position of the RMRS magnetic source in the drilling remains unchanged, and the drilling fluid continues to circulate to drive the downhole screw motor to rotate, and vibration will be generated at the same time. , by comparing the position of the magnetic source measured by the magnetic guiding system and the vibration source position measured by the vibration-assisted guiding system (because the RMRS magnetic source is connected to the screw motor, it can be approximately considered that the two are in the same position), and the vibration-assisted guiding system is measured. The result of the magnetic steering system is used as the reference value of the result measured by the magnetic steering system. If the deviation between the two is within the allowable range, it indicates that the magnetic steering system is correct in guiding the horizontal well trajectory; if the deviation between the two exceeds the allowable value, it indicates that the magnetic steering system is correct. There may be deviations in the results measured by the system. At this time, the magnetic steering system can be re-detected for the position of the magnetic source to increase the detection accuracy of the magnetic steering system, or the depth of the drilling tool being drilled, that is, the depth of the RMRS magnetic source, can be changed. Also refer to the change of the feeding depth of the tubing in the well to make the depth of the detection probe 22 theoretically match the position of the RMRS magnetic source, and then measure and compare again. Usually drilling construction is a high-risk and high-cost project, especially for the well type of the application, such as In the case of azimuth uncertainty, it is easy to cause large underground safety accidents, resulting in large economic losses, and the use of the above-mentioned comparative measurement method greatly improves the construction safety factor.

After the drilling of the positive well is completed, the shearing sub-cable 102 can be used to control the shearing component to cut the detection sub-cable 101 to separate it from the detection probe pipe 22, and the upper cable can be directly taken out (during the take-out process, because the The butt joint structure can effectively ensure the centering of the cable and reduce the friction between it and the inner wall of the oil pipe, and the ball 25 can also further reduce the resistance and relieve the deformation caused by gravity), and then move it to the external area to split the cable joint so as to It is used for the second time, and the oil pipe removal work is carried out normally, which avoids the wellhead safety accident caused by the cross operation, and also shortens the wellhead opening construction time, and effectively prevents the blowout accident.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that some modifications and improved technical solutions made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical solutions should be regarded as falling within the protection of the present application. scope.

Claims

The network neural cable used for oil and gas well development is characterized in that it includes a cable body, and the cable body includes an insulating layer, a detection sub-cable and a vibration sensing optical fiber arranged in the insulating layer; one end of the cable body is provided with a shear A cutting head, the end of the detection sub-cable extends out of the cutting head after passing through the cutting head, and a cutting assembly for cutting the detection sub-cable is arranged in the cutting head.
The network nerve cable for oil and gas well development according to claim 1, wherein a shear sub-cable is further provided in the insulating layer, and the shear sub-cable is electrically connected to the shear component.
The network nerve cable for oil and gas well development according to claim 2, wherein the shearing assembly comprises two blades oppositely arranged on both sides of the detection sub-cable, and the blades are fixedly arranged on the tool holder, and the The shearing head is provided with a shearing drive assembly for driving the two tool holders to approach and move away from each other.
The network neural cable for oil and gas well development according to claim 1, wherein the cutting head is further provided with a temporary storage and storage mechanism for storage of the detection sub-cable, and the temporary storage and storage mechanism is located in the cutting head. The side of the assembly close to the cable body.
The network neural cable for oil and gas well drilling according to claim 3, wherein the cutting head has an anti-miscut mechanism arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the blades, and the anti-miscut mechanism is used to block the blades of the two blades .
The network neural cable for oil and gas well opening according to claim 5, characterized in that the anti-miscut mechanism comprises a protection frame respectively arranged on two sides of the blade and a protection strip arranged at the free end of the protection frame, and the protection strip adopts elastic Made of material, the protection strips on both sides of the same blade are pressed against the outside of the blade edge of the blade, and the two protection strips can block or expose the blade edge by closing and opening the two blade holders on both sides of the blade.
The network nerve cable for oil and gas well drilling according to claim 6, wherein the top and bottom of the tool holder are respectively abutted against the sides of the two protective frames on both sides of the blade, and the tool holder is close to and away from the detection sub-cable, i.e. Realize the opening and closing of two protective frames on both sides of the same tool holder.
The network neural cable for oil and gas well development according to claim 1, wherein the cable is formed by connecting a plurality of short-section cables through joints.
The network neural cable for oil and gas well development according to claim 8, wherein the joint comprises a first joint assembly and a second joint assembly which are respectively arranged at both ends of the stub cable and are matched with each other, the first joint assembly and After the second joint assembly is butted, the two form an end face seal, and a sealing gasket is provided on the joint surface of the two.
A directional measurement system, characterized in that it includes a magnetic guiding system and a vibration guiding system;

Wherein, the magnetic guidance system includes:

RMRS magnetic source, installed near the drill bit of the drilling tool, used to generate alternating magnetic field;

A measuring probe pipe, which is sent into the reference well through the oil pipe, is used to detect the magnetic field strength and orientation generated by the RMRS magnetic source, and transmits the detection data to the surface interface device through the cable according to any one of claims 1-9;

The ground interface device is connected with the measurement probe through the detection sub-cable in the cable, and is used for transmitting the detection data to the ground calculation and analysis system through the wireless signal transmitter;

The ground calculation and analysis system calculates the position of the positive drilling relative to the reference well according to the detection data transmitted by the surface interface device;

Wherein, the vibration-assisted guiding system includes:

Vibration sensing fiber, used to collect vibration signals generated by drilling tools during drilling;

The optical fiber vibration sensor is arranged in the cable body near the cutting head, and is matched with the vibration sensing optical fiber to transmit the vibration to the vibration sensing optical fiber;

The vibration signal processing system calculates the position of the vibration source according to the data transmitted by the vibration sensing fiber.