WO2022219805A1 - 無停電電源装置 - Google Patents
無停電電源装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022219805A1 WO2022219805A1 PCT/JP2021/015715 JP2021015715W WO2022219805A1 WO 2022219805 A1 WO2022219805 A1 WO 2022219805A1 JP 2021015715 W JP2021015715 W JP 2021015715W WO 2022219805 A1 WO2022219805 A1 WO 2022219805A1
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- power
- voltage
- control circuit
- power supply
- terminal
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/493—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an uninterruptible power supply.
- a modular uninterruptible power supply has a parallel circuit of power modules inside the apparatus by connecting a plurality of power conversion modules (hereinafter also referred to as "power modules") in parallel.
- power modules power conversion modules
- a hot-swap system means a structure in which a power module is stopped during operation of the uninterruptible power supply, and the power module can be pulled out and inserted. According to this, when the power module fails or is inspected, the power module can be replaced while the power supply from the uninterruptible power supply is continued.
- each power module is equipped with multiple detectors to detect the voltage and current input and output of the power converter to control the power converter inside. . Therefore, the number of detectors increases in proportion to the number of power modules, and there is concern that the size and cost of the uninterruptible power supply will increase.
- the present disclosure has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its object is to achieve size reduction and cost reduction in a modular uninterruptible power supply device comprising a plurality of power modules connected in parallel. In addition, it is to suppress variations in operation among a plurality of power modules.
- An uninterruptible power supply includes a plurality of power conversion modules connected in parallel between an AC power supply and a load, and a bypass module connected between the AC power supply and the load.
- a plurality of power conversion modules are connected in parallel to the power storage device.
- Each power conversion module has a first terminal for receiving AC power from an AC power source, a second terminal connected to a power storage device, a third terminal for outputting AC power to a load, and a first terminal.
- a converter that converts AC power received by a terminal into DC power
- an inverter that converts the DC power from the converter or the power storage device into AC power and supplies the AC power to a load
- a first control circuit that controls the converter and the inverter.
- the bypass module includes a switch connected between an AC power supply and a load, a first voltage detector for detecting an AC voltage received by a first terminal, and a second voltage detector for detecting a DC voltage received by a second terminal. a voltage detector, a third voltage detector that detects the AC voltage output to the third terminal, and a second control circuit that controls on/off of the switch.
- the second control circuit is communicatively connected to the first control circuit and transmits detection results of the first to third voltage detectors to the first control circuit.
- the first control circuit controls the converter and the inverter using detection results of the first to third voltage detectors transmitted from the second control circuit.
- a modular uninterruptible power supply including a plurality of power modules connected in parallel
- miniaturization and cost reduction can be achieved, and variations in operation between the plurality of power modules can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of an uninterruptible power supply according to an embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram showing configurations of a bypass module and a power module shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the functional configuration of control circuits for a bypass module and a power module
- 4 is a functional block diagram of a control unit shown in FIG. 3;
- FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of an uninterruptible power supply according to an embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram showing configurations of a bypass module and a power module shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the functional configuration of control circuits for a bypass module and a power module
- 4 is a functional block diagram of a control unit shown in FIG. 3
- FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of an uninterruptible power supply according to an embodiment.
- an uninterruptible power supply 100 includes a bypass module B0, a plurality of power modules P1 to Pn (where n is an integer equal to or greater than 2), a battery 32, and a communication line 15.
- n is an integer equal to or greater than 2
- Bypass module B 0 and power modules P 1 -Pn are connected to each other by communication line 15 .
- the bypass module B0 has an input terminal T11, a battery terminal T12, an output terminal T13, and a switch (not shown) connected between the input terminal T11 and the output terminal T13.
- Each of the power modules P1-Pn is a power conversion module having a converter and an inverter.
- the power modules P1 to Pn may be collectively referred to as "power module P".
- the power module P has an input terminal T1, a battery terminal T2, and an output terminal T3.
- the input terminal T1 corresponds to the "first terminal”
- the battery terminal T2 corresponds to the "second terminal”
- the output terminal T3 corresponds to the "third terminal”.
- the input terminal T11 of the bypass module B0 and the input terminal T1 of each power module P are both connected to the commercial AC power supply 30.
- the input terminal T11 and each input terminal T1 receive a commercial frequency AC voltage VI supplied from a commercial AC power supply 30 .
- the battery terminal T12 of the bypass module B0 and the battery terminal T2 of each power module P are both connected to the battery 32.
- a battery 32 stores DC power.
- Battery 32 corresponds to one embodiment of a "power storage device.”
- a capacitor may be connected instead of the battery 32 .
- bypass module B0 and the output terminal T3 of each power module P are both connected to the load 31. That is, bypass module B 0 and power modules P 1 to Pn are connected in parallel between commercial AC power supply 30 and load 31 .
- the load 31 is driven by AC power supplied from the bypass module B0 or the power module P.
- Such an uninterruptible power supply is called a "module type uninterruptible power supply”.
- a module-type uninterruptible power supply internally builds a parallel circuit of power modules corresponding to the capacity of the uninterruptible power supply.
- N power modules are required for power supply by an uninterruptible power supply
- power supply quality can be improved by implementing (N+1) power modules for redundancy.
- Such a method of achieving redundancy in units of modules in a single uninterruptible power supply is also called a “hot swap method”.
- a hot-swap system means a structure in which a power module is stopped during operation of the uninterruptible power supply, and the power module can be pulled out and inserted. According to this, it is possible to replace the power module P while continuing to supply power from the uninterruptible power supply when the power module fails or is inspected.
- the uninterruptible power supply 100 has an inverter power supply mode and a bypass power supply mode.
- the inverter power supply mode is a mode in which AC power is supplied from the power module P to the load 31 .
- the inverter power supply mode the AC power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 30 is converted into DC power by the converter of the power module P, and the DC power is converted into AC power by the inverter and supplied to the load 31 .
- the bypass power supply mode is a mode in which AC power is supplied from the commercial AC power supply 30 to the load 31 via the bypass module B0. In the bypass power supply mode, AC power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 30 is supplied to the load 31 without passing through the power module P.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram showing configurations of the bypass module B0 and the power module P shown in FIG.
- the uninterruptible power supply 100 converts the three-phase AC power from the commercial AC power supply 30 into DC power, converts the DC power into the three-phase AC power, and supplies the load 31 with the three-phase AC power.
- FIG. 2 only a portion of the circuit corresponding to one of the three phases (U phase, V phase, W phase) is shown for simplification of the drawing and explanation.
- the bypass module B0 has a switch 20, voltage detectors 22, 24 and 26, and a control circuit 28.
- the switch 20 is connected between the input terminal T11 and the output terminal T13.
- the switch 20 is, for example, a thyristor switch having a pair of thyristors connected in anti-parallel.
- Switch 20 is controlled by control circuit 28 .
- the switch 20 is turned off during the inverter power supply mode and turned on during the bypass power supply mode.
- the control circuit 28 corresponds to one embodiment of the "second control circuit".
- Voltage detector 22 detects an instantaneous value of AC voltage (AC voltage applied to input terminal T11) of commercial frequency supplied from commercial AC power supply 30, and provides control circuit 28 with a signal indicating the detected value. .
- the voltage detector 24 detects the inter-terminal voltage (hereinafter also referred to as "battery voltage”) VB of the battery 32 applied to the battery terminal T12, and provides the control circuit 28 with a signal indicating the detected value.
- battery voltage the inter-terminal voltage
- the voltage detector 26 detects the instantaneous value of the AC voltage VO applied to the output terminal T13 and provides the control circuit 28 with a signal indicating the detected value.
- the control circuit 28 receives signals indicating detected values of the AC voltage VI, the battery voltage VB and the AC voltage VO from the voltage detectors 22, 24 and 26, respectively.
- the control circuit 28 is connected to the control circuit 14 included in the power modules P1 to Pn by a communication line 15.
- FIG. The control circuit 28 exchanges information with the control circuits 14 of the power modules P1-Pn via the communication line 15.
- FIG. Communication between the control circuit 28 and the control circuit 14 may be realized by either wireless communication or wired communication.
- Control circuit 28 transmits signals indicating detected values of AC voltage VI, battery voltage VB, and AC voltage VO to control circuit 14 included in power modules P1-Pn via communication line 15.
- the control circuit 28 can be composed of, for example, a microcomputer.
- the control circuit 28 incorporates a memory and a CPU (Central Processing Unit) (not shown), and can execute the control operation described later by software processing in which the CPU executes a program stored in advance in the memory.
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- part or all of the control operation can be realized by hardware processing using a built-in dedicated electronic circuit instead of software processing.
- the power module P includes switches S1 to S3, capacitors 1, 5 and 10, reactors 2 and 9, a DC line 6, a converter 4, a bidirectional chopper 7 and an inverter 8. , current detectors 12 and 13 and a control circuit 14 .
- the input terminal T1 receives a commercial-frequency AC voltage VI from a commercial AC power supply 30 .
- Switch S1 has a first terminal connected to input terminal T1 and a second terminal connected to an input node of converter 4 via reactor 2 .
- Capacitor 1 is connected to the second terminal of switch S1. The switch S1 is turned on when the corresponding power module P is used, and turned off during maintenance of the power module P, for example.
- the capacitor 1 and the reactor 2 constitute an AC filter 3.
- the AC filter 3 is a low-pass filter that allows a commercial-frequency AC current to flow from the commercial AC power supply 30 to the converter 4 and prevents a switching-frequency signal generated in the converter 4 from flowing to the commercial AC power supply 30 side.
- the current detector 12 detects the current I1 flowing into the power module P from the commercial AC power supply 30 via the input terminal T1, and provides the control circuit 14 with a signal ⁇ I1 indicating the detected value.
- Current detector 12 corresponds to an embodiment of "first current detector”.
- the control circuit 14 corresponds to one embodiment of the "first control circuit”.
- the converter 4 is controlled by the control circuit 14, and when AC power is normally supplied from the commercial AC power supply 30 (when the commercial AC power supply 30 is healthy), the AC power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 30 is converted to DC power. It converts into electric power and outputs it to the DC line 6 .
- the supply of AC power from commercial AC power supply 30 is stopped (at the time of power failure of commercial AC power supply 30), operation of converter 4 is stopped.
- the DC line 6 is connected to the converter 4, the bidirectional chopper 7 and the inverter 8.
- a DC voltage VD appearing on DC line 6 is detected by control circuit 14 .
- Control circuit 14 controls converter 4 so that DC voltage VD output from converter 4 becomes reference DC voltage VDr when commercial AC power supply 30 is healthy.
- the capacitor 5 is connected to the DC line 6 and smoothes and stabilizes the DC voltage VD of the DC line 6 .
- a resistive element is connected in parallel with the capacitor 5 .
- the resistance element is provided to reduce the DC voltage VD and protect the user of the uninterruptible power supply 100 when the power module P fails.
- the resistance value of the resistance element is set to a value that allows the terminal voltage VD of the capacitor 5 to drop to 0 V in a short period of time when the operation of the converter 4 is stopped.
- a high voltage side node of the bidirectional chopper 7 is connected to the DC line 6, and a low voltage side node thereof is connected to the battery terminal T2 via the switch S2.
- Bidirectional chopper 7 is controlled by control circuit 14 .
- Bidirectional chopper 7 stores the DC power generated by converter 4 in battery 32 when commercial AC power supply 30 is healthy.
- the bidirectional chopper 7 supplies the DC power of the battery 32 to the inverter 8 when the commercial AC power supply 30 fails.
- the switch S2 is turned on when the power module P is used, and turned off during maintenance of the battery 32, for example.
- the control circuit 14 receives a signal indicating the detected value of the battery voltage VB from the control circuit 28 via the communication line 15 .
- Control circuit 14 controls bidirectional chopper 7 so that battery voltage VB becomes reference battery voltage VBr when commercial AC power supply 30 is healthy.
- the control circuit 14 controls the bidirectional chopper 7 so that the DC voltage VD of the DC line 6 becomes the reference DC voltage VDr when the commercial AC power supply 30 fails.
- the inverter 8 is controlled by the control circuit 14 and converts the DC power generated by the converter 4 into AC power of commercial frequency when the commercial AC power supply 30 is healthy. Inverter 8 converts the DC power supplied from battery 32 via bidirectional chopper 7 into AC power of commercial frequency when commercial AC power supply 30 fails.
- a first terminal of the reactor 9 is connected to the output node of the inverter 8, and a second terminal is connected to the output terminal T3 via the switch S3.
- Capacitor 10 is connected to a second terminal of reactor 9 .
- Capacitor 10 and reactor 9 constitute AC filter 11 .
- the AC filter 11 is a low-pass filter that allows a commercial frequency AC current to flow from the inverter 8 to the load 31 side and prevents the switching frequency signal generated by the inverter 8 from passing to the load 31 side. In other words, the AC filter 11 converts the rectangular wave voltage output from the inverter 8 into a sine wave voltage.
- the current detector 13 detects the current (output current of the inverter 8) I2 flowing from the power module P to the load 31, and provides the control circuit 14 with a signal ⁇ I2 indicating the detected value.
- Current detector 13 corresponds to an embodiment of the "second current detector”.
- the switch S3 is controlled by the control circuit 14.
- the control circuit 14 turns on the switch S3 when the corresponding power module P is to be in the operating state, and turns off the switch S3 when the corresponding power module P is to be in the stopped state.
- the control circuit 14 can be composed of, for example, a microcomputer.
- the control circuit 14 incorporates a memory and a CPU (not shown), and can execute control operations described later by software processing in which the CPU executes a program stored in advance in the memory.
- part or all of the control operation can be realized by hardware processing using a built-in dedicated electronic circuit instead of software processing.
- the control circuit 14 is connected to the control circuit 14 of each other power module P and the control circuit 28 of the bypass module B0 by a communication line 15, and controls the control circuit 14 of each other power module P and the bypass module B0. It exchanges information with the circuit 28 .
- a plurality of control circuits 14 and a control circuit 28 included in the plurality of power modules P1 to Pn constitute one control device that controls the uninterruptible power supply 100.
- control circuit 14 receives signals indicating detected values of the AC voltage VI, the battery voltage VB, and the AC voltage VO from the control circuit 28 via the communication line 15 .
- Control circuit 14 controls the corresponding power module P based on these received signals, output signals ⁇ I1 and ⁇ I2 of current detectors 12 and 13, the detected value of DC voltage VD, and the like.
- control circuit 14 determines whether the commercial AC power supply 30 is sound or whether a power failure of the commercial AC power supply 30 has occurred based on the signal indicating the detected value of the AC voltage VI.
- control circuit 14 controls converter 4 and inverter 8 in synchronization with AC voltage VI based on signals indicating the detected values of AC voltages VI and VO and the detected value of DC voltage VD.
- Control circuit 14 also controls bidirectional chopper 7 based on a signal indicating the detected value of battery voltage VB.
- control circuit 14 controls inverter 8 and both sides based on a signal indicating the detected value of AC voltage VO, a signal indicating the detected value of battery voltage VB, and a detected value of DC voltage VD. It controls the directional chopper 7.
- the AC voltage VI supplied to the input terminal T1 of each power module P, the battery voltage VB supplied to the battery terminal T2, and the output terminal T3 are detected by voltage detectors 22, 24 and 26 respectively installed in the bypass module B0.
- Control circuit 28 of bypass module B0 transmits signals indicating detected values of AC voltages VI, VO and battery voltage VB to control circuit 14 of each power module P via communication line 15 .
- the control circuit 14 of each power module P controls its own device based on the received signal.
- the voltage detectors 22, 24, 26 are shared among the plurality of power modules P1-Pn. By doing so, the number of voltage detectors installed for each power module P can be reduced, so that the size and cost of the power module P can be reduced. As a result, downsizing and cost reduction of the uninterruptible power supply 100 can be realized.
- the voltage detector for detecting the DC voltage VD appearing in the DC line 6 of each power module P is not shared among the plurality of power modules P1 to Pn, but installed for each power module P. . This is to realize hot swapping that enables replacement of the power module P while power supply from the uninterruptible power supply 100 is continued.
- the operation of the power module P is stopped while other power modules P are kept in operation.
- the power module P reduces the DC voltage VD to 0V by stopping the operation of the converter 4 . Therefore, the DC voltage VD in the power module P has a different value from the DC voltage VD in other power modules P in the operating state.
- a voltage detector for detecting the DC voltage VD is not shared among the plurality of power modules P1 to Pn.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing functional configurations of control circuit 28 and control circuit 14.
- the control circuit 28 has a control section 50 and a communication section 52 .
- the communication unit 52 is connected to the control circuit 14 of the power modules P1-Pn via the communication line 15.
- the control unit 50 transmits signals indicating detection values of the voltage detectors 22, 24, and 26 to the control circuits 14 of the power modules P1 to Pn via the communication unit 52.
- the control unit 50 receives, via the communication unit 52, from the control circuit 14 of each of the power modules P1 to Pn a failure detection signal indicating a failure of the own device and at least the power modules P required to supply power to the load 31.
- a signal indicating the lower limit number of operating vehicles Nmin is received.
- the control unit 50 turns off the switch 20 in the inverter power supply mode and turns on the switch 20 in the bypass power supply mode.
- the user of the uninterruptible power supply 100 can select either the bypass power supply mode or the inverter power supply mode by operating an operation unit (not shown).
- control unit 50 turns on the switch 20. and supplies the AC power from the commercial AC power supply 30 to the load 31 .
- the control circuit 14 has a calculation unit 40 , a determination unit 41 , a storage unit 42 , a detection unit 43 , a communication unit 44 and a control unit 45 .
- the calculation unit 40 transmits the output signal ⁇ I2 of the current detector 13 of its own device to the control circuits 14 of (n ⁇ 1) other devices via the communication unit 44 and the communication line 15 .
- the calculation unit 40 receives the output signal ⁇ I2 of the current detectors 13 of the (n ⁇ 1) other devices via the communication unit 44 . Based on the output signals ⁇ I 2 of the n current detectors 13 , the calculation unit 40 obtains the current number N of operating power modules P, and provides the obtained number N of operating power modules to the determination unit 41 .
- the calculation unit 40 calculates the total value of the output currents of the inverters 8 of the n power modules P1 to Pn, that is, the output current from the power modules P1 to Pn to the load 31. Find the load current IL supplied to .
- the calculation unit 40 obtains the minimum operating number Nmin of the power modules P required at least to supply the load current IL.
- the calculating unit 40 obtains the appropriate operating number Ns by adding the redundant operating number Nr (for example, one) to the calculated lower limit operating number Nmin.
- the calculating unit 40 gives the obtained appropriate operating number Ns to the determining unit 41 .
- the storage unit 42 stores the order of priority with which the power modules P1 to Pn are put into operation.
- the priority is set, for example, in numerical order of the power modules P. As shown in FIG.
- the priority can be written in the storage unit 42 by the user of the uninterruptible power supply 100 operating the operation unit.
- the detection unit 43 detects whether or not there is a failure in its own device, and outputs a failure detection signal when its own device fails.
- the determination unit 41 Based on the current operating number N and the appropriate operating number Ns obtained by the calculation unit 40, the failure detection signal from the detection unit 43, and the priority order of operation stored in the storage unit 42, the determination unit 41 It discriminates whether the self-device is to be in an operating state or in a stopped state, and gives a signal indicating the determination result to the control unit 45 . The determination unit 41 also transmits a signal indicating the determination result and a failure detection signal to the control circuit 14 of the other device and the control circuit 28 of the bypass module B0 via the communication unit 44 .
- the determination unit 41 determines that the device should be stopped when a failure detection signal is output from the detection unit 43 of the device itself. Further, when the current operating number N is greater than the appropriate operating number Ns, the determination unit 41 determines that the operating number N should be decreased. In this case, the determining unit 41 determines whether to bring the device into a stopped state or an operating state based on the priority of the device itself. On the other hand, when the current operating number N is smaller than the appropriate operating number Ns, the determining unit 41 determines that the operating number N should be increased. In this case, the determining unit 41 determines whether the own device should be in the operating state or in the stopped state based on the priority of the own device.
- the communication unit 44 provides the control unit 45 with signals indicating the detected values of the AC voltages VI and VO and the battery voltage VB received from the control circuit 28 of the bypass module B0.
- the voltage detector 16 detects the DC voltage VD of the DC line 6 and gives the controller 45 a signal indicating the detected value.
- Voltage detector 16 corresponds to an embodiment of a "fourth voltage detector.”
- the control unit 45 stops the operation of the converter 4, the inverter 8 and the bidirectional chopper 7 of the device and turns off the switch S3.
- control unit 45 operates the converter 4, the inverter 8, and the bidirectional chopper 7 of the device itself, and turns on the switch S3. At this time, control unit 45 outputs from converter 4 based on the signal indicating the detected value of AC voltage VI supplied from communication unit 44, the output signal of voltage detector 16, and the output signal ⁇ I1 of current detector 12. The converter 4 is controlled so that the DC voltage VD becomes the reference DC voltage VDr. In addition, control unit 45 synchronizes with AC voltage VI from commercial AC power supply 30 based on signals indicating the detected values of AC voltages VI and VO supplied from communication unit 45 and output signal ⁇ I2 of current detector 13.
- control unit 45 controls bidirectional chopper 7 based on a signal indicating the detected value of battery voltage VB provided from communication unit 44 so that battery voltage VB becomes reference battery voltage VBr.
- control unit 45 determines whether the AC voltage VI is normally supplied from the commercial AC power supply 30 based on the signal indicating the detected value of the AC voltage VI given from the communication unit 44 . When AC voltage VI is smaller than the lower limit value, control unit 45 determines that AC voltage VI is not being supplied normally and that a power failure has occurred, and stops operation of converter 4 . Furthermore, control unit 45 determines whether or not the DC power of battery 32 has decreased below the lower limit based on the signal indicating the detected value of battery voltage VB given from communication unit 44 . When it is determined that the DC power of the battery 32 has decreased below the lower limit value, the controller 45 stops the operation of the inverter 8 and turns off the switch S3.
- the control circuit of the bypass module B0 determines whether or not the AC voltage VI is normally supplied from the commercial AC power supply 30 and determines whether or not the DC power of the battery 32 has decreased below the lower limit value. 28 may execute based on the output signal of the voltage detector 22 and transmit a signal indicating the determination result to the control circuit 14 of each power module P via the communication line 15 .
- FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of the controller 45 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4 , control unit 45 has a converter control unit for controlling converter 4 and an inverter control unit for controlling inverter 8 .
- the converter control section includes subtractors 60 and 64, a voltage control section 62, a current control section 66, an adder 68, and a PWM circuit .
- the subtractor 60 calculates a deviation ⁇ VD between the reference DC voltage VDr and the DC voltage VD detected by the voltage detector 16 .
- Voltage control unit 62 calculates current command value I1* for controlling current I1 flowing into converter 4 so that deviation ⁇ VD becomes zero.
- the voltage control unit 62 calculates the current command value I1*, for example, by performing proportional calculation or proportional integral calculation on the deviation ⁇ VD.
- the subtractor 64 calculates the deviation ⁇ I1 between the current command value I1* and the value of the current I1 detected by the current detector 12.
- Current control unit 66 calculates voltage command value VI# as the voltage to be applied to reactor 2 so that deviation ⁇ I1 becomes zero.
- Current control unit 66 calculates voltage command value VI#, for example, by performing proportional calculation or proportional integral calculation on deviation ⁇ I1.
- Adder 68 adds voltage command value VI# and the detected value of AC voltage VI supplied from communication unit 44 to generate voltage command value VI*.
- PWM circuit 70 outputs a signal for making the detected value of AC voltage VI supplied from communication unit 44 equal to voltage command value VI* based on voltage command value VI*. This signal is a signal for driving a semiconductor switching element included in converter 4 .
- the inverter control section includes subtractors 72 and 76, a voltage control section 74, a current control section 78, and a PWM circuit 80.
- Subtractor 72 calculates a deviation ⁇ VO between the detected value of AC voltage VI given from communication unit 44 and the detected value of AC voltage VO given from communication unit 44 .
- Voltage control unit 74 calculates a current command value I2# for controlling output current I2 of inverter 8 such that deviation ⁇ VO becomes zero.
- Voltage control unit 74 generates current command value I2* based on current command value I2# and shared current ID of its own device.
- the subtractor 76 calculates the deviation ⁇ I2 between the current command value I2* and the value of the current I2 detected by the current detector 13.
- the current control unit 78 calculates the voltage command value VO* as the voltage that the inverter 8 should output so that the deviation ⁇ I2 becomes zero.
- the current control unit 78 calculates the voltage command value VO*, for example, by proportional calculation or proportional integral calculation of the deviation ⁇ I2.
- the PWM circuit 80 Based on the voltage command value VO*, the PWM circuit 80 outputs a signal for making the detected value of the AC voltage VO given from the communication unit 44 equal to the voltage command value VO*.
- This signal is a signal for driving a semiconductor switching element included in inverter 8 .
- the uninterruptible power supply 100 is a modular uninterruptible power supply, and includes a plurality of power modules P1 to Pn and bypass module B0.
- the bypass module B0 is a voltage detector for detecting the AC voltage VI applied to the input terminal T1 of each power module P, the battery voltage VB applied to the battery terminal T2, and the AC voltage VO output to the output terminal T3. It has vessels 22 , 24 , 26 .
- the control circuit 28 of the bypass module B0 transmits signals indicating detection values of the voltage detectors 22, 24 and 26 to the control circuit 14 of each power module P via the communication line 15.
- Voltage detectors 22, 24, and 26 for detecting voltages necessary for controlling the converter 4, inverter 8, and bidirectional chopper 7 included in each power module P are installed in the bypass module B0. Since the voltage detectors 22, 24, and 26 are shared among the power modules P1 to Pn, the number of voltage detectors installed in each power module P can be reduced. Size and cost can be reduced. Therefore, downsizing and cost reduction of the uninterruptible power supply 100 can be realized.
- the control circuit 14 of each power module P controls the converter 4, the bidirectional chopper 7 and the inverter 8 using a common voltage detection value among the plurality of power modules P1 to Pn. , variation in operation among the plurality of power modules P1 to Pn can be suppressed. For example, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a cross current between the output terminals T3 of the power modules P1 to Pn due to variations in the output voltage VO of the inverters 8 of the power modules P.
- the voltage detector 16 for detecting the DC voltage VD appearing in the DC line 6 of each power module P is installed for each power module P, not shared among the plurality of power modules P1 to Pn. be. Therefore, it is possible to realize hot swapping that enables replacement of the power module P while power supply from the uninterruptible power supply 100 is continued.
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Abstract
Description
図1を参照して、本実施の形態に係る無停電電源装置100は、バイパスモジュールB0と、複数のパワーモジュールP1~Pn(nは2以上の整数)と、バッテリ32と、通信線15とを備える。バイパスモジュールB0およびパワーモジュールP1~Pnは、通信線15によって互いに接続されている。
図3に示すように、制御回路28は、制御部50および通信部52を有する。通信部52は、通信線15によって、パワーモジュールP1~Pnの制御回路14に接続されている。
図4に示すように、制御部45は、コンバータ4を制御するためのコンバータ制御部と、インバータ8を制御するためのインバータ制御部とを有する。
Claims (4)
- 交流電源と負荷との間に並列接続される複数の電力変換モジュールと、
前記交流電源と前記負荷との間に接続されるバイパスモジュールとを備え、
前記複数の電力変換モジュールは、電力貯蔵装置に対して並列接続され、
各電力変換モジュールは、
前記交流電源から交流電力を受ける第1の端子と、
前記電力貯蔵装置に接続される第2の端子と、
前記負荷に交流電力を出力するための第3の端子と、
前記第1の端子が受ける交流電力を直流電力に変換するコンバータと、
前記コンバータまたは前記電力貯蔵装置からの直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記負荷に供給するインバータと、
前記コンバータおよび前記インバータを制御する第1の制御回路とを含み、
前記バイパスモジュールは、
前記交流電源と前記負荷との間に接続される第1のスイッチと、
前記第1の端子に印加される交流電圧を検出する第1の電圧検出器と、
前記第2の端子に印加される直流電圧を検出する第2の電圧検出器と、
前記第3の端子に印加される交流電圧を検出する第3の電圧検出器と、
前記第1のスイッチのオンオフを制御する第2の制御回路とを含み、
前記第2の制御回路は、前記第1の制御回路と通信接続されており、前記第1から第3の電圧検出器の検出結果を前記第1の制御回路に送信し、
前記第1の制御回路は、前記第2の制御回路から送信される前記第1から第3の電圧検出器の検出結果を用いて、前記コンバータおよび前記インバータを制御する、無停電電源装置。 - 前記各電力変換モジュールは、
前記コンバータおよび前記インバータに接続される直流ラインの直流電圧を検出する第4の電圧検出器と、
前記コンバータへの入力電流を検出する第1の電流検出器と、
前記インバータの出力電流を検出する第2の電流検出器とをさらに含み、
前記第1の制御回路は、前記第2の制御回路から送信される前記第1から第3の電圧検出器の検出結果と、前記第4の電圧検出器の検出結果と、前記第1および第2の電流検出器の検出結果とを用いて、前記コンバータおよび前記インバータを制御する、請求項1に記載の無停電電源装置。 - 前記各電力変換モジュールは、前記電力貯蔵装置および前記直流ラインの間で直流電力を授受する双方向チョッパをさらに含み、
前記第1の制御回路は、前記第4の電圧検出器の検出結果と、前記第2の制御回路から送信される前記第2の電圧検出器の検出結果とを用いて、前記双方向チョッパを制御する、請求項2に記載の無停電電源装置。 - 前記各電力変換モジュールは、前記インバータと前記第3の端子との間に接続される第2のスイッチをさらに含み、
前記第1の制御回路は、対応する電力変換モジュールを停止状態とする場合には、前記コンバータおよび前記インバータの運転を停止するとともに、前記第2のスイッチをオフする、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の無停電電源装置。
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US17/999,075 US20230208185A1 (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | Uninterruptible power supply apparatus |
JP2021559198A JP7200398B1 (ja) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | 無停電電源装置 |
KR1020227041665A KR20230003139A (ko) | 2021-04-16 | 2021-04-16 | 무정전 전원 장치 |
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JPS60102878A (ja) * | 1983-11-07 | 1985-06-07 | Nippon Electric Ind Co Ltd | 並列冗長同期運転方式インバ−タ装置 |
JPS62268366A (ja) * | 1986-04-29 | 1987-11-20 | モジユラ−・パワ− コ−ポレ−シヨン | 電子的電源装置 |
JP2013031325A (ja) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-02-07 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial System Corp | 無停電電源システム |
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