WO2022213688A1 - 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置 - Google Patents

氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022213688A1
WO2022213688A1 PCT/CN2022/000064 CN2022000064W WO2022213688A1 WO 2022213688 A1 WO2022213688 A1 WO 2022213688A1 CN 2022000064 W CN2022000064 W CN 2022000064W WO 2022213688 A1 WO2022213688 A1 WO 2022213688A1
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channel
low
expander
evaporator
condenser
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PCT/CN2022/000064
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李华玉
李鸿瑞
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李华玉
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Publication of WO2022213688A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022213688A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/08—Heating air supply before combustion, e.g. by exhaust gases
    • F02C7/10—Heating air supply before combustion, e.g. by exhaust gases by means of regenerative heat-exchangers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of energy and power.
  • Fuel is an important option for building high-temperature heat sources, with different types and properties; the temperature of the gas formed by the combustion of fuel directly determines the heat-to-work efficiency.
  • hydrogen is a high-quality energy source and should be fully utilized; for the use of hydrogen as fuel to achieve thermal power conversion, air-assisted combustion is the easiest method for people to use - but this leads to the pollution of nitrogen oxides in the combustion products substances of the environment; for this reason, the use of pure oxygen for combustion is sought to avoid the production and emission of any pollutants.
  • efficient utilization is the fundamental requirement, which requires a combined power cycle device to achieve.
  • the present invention provides A hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant with high thermal efficiency, strong safety, adapting to hydrogen-oxygen combustion, flexibly determining the highest working parameters of the cycle, and the circulating working fluid and fuel products are consistent with the use of low-grade fuel and hydrogen fuel.
  • invention content :
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant, and the specific content of the invention is explained as follows:
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant mainly composed of compressor, expander, booster pump, combustion chamber, heating furnace, heat source regenerator, condenser and evaporator; there is a low-grade fuel channel outside It is connected with the heating furnace, and there is an external air channel that is connected to the heating furnace through the heat source regenerator.
  • the heating furnace also has a gas channel that is connected to the outside through the heat source regenerator.
  • the evaporator has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the heating furnace, and the compressor has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the heating furnace.
  • the combustion chamber also has a high-temperature steam channel that communicates with the expander, and the expander also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator.
  • the evaporator has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the compressor and the condenser, respectively.
  • External communication; the condenser and the cooling medium channel are connected to the outside, the evaporator or the gas channel is connected to the outside, the expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant; wherein, or expansion
  • the machine connects the compressor and booster pump and transmits power.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant mainly composed of compressor, expander, booster pump, combustion chamber, heating furnace, heat source regenerator, condenser, evaporator and heat supply; external The low-grade fuel channel is communicated with the heating furnace, the external air channel is communicated with the heating furnace through the heat source regenerator, the heating furnace and the gas channel are communicated with the outside through the heat source regenerator; the condenser has a condensed water pipeline through a booster pump and After the evaporator is connected, the evaporator has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the heating furnace, the compressor has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the heating furnace, and the outside has a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel that communicate with the combustion chamber or a hydrogen-oxygen mixture outside.
  • the condenser has a cooling medium channel that communicates with the outside;
  • the evaporator also has a heat source medium channel that communicates with the outside;
  • the heater also has a heated medium channel that communicates with the outside;
  • the expander is connected to the compressor and The power is transmitted to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant; wherein, the or expander connects the compressor and the booster pump and transmits the power.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant mainly composed of compressor, expander, booster pump, combustion chamber, heating furnace, heat source regenerator, condenser, evaporator and high temperature heat exchanger; external There is a low-grade fuel channel that communicates with the heating furnace, an external air channel is connected to the heating furnace through the heat source regenerator, and the heating furnace has a gas channel that communicates with the outside through the heat source regenerator; the condenser has a condensed water pipeline through a booster pump. After being connected with the evaporator, the evaporator has a steam passage that communicates with the high-temperature heat exchanger. The high-temperature heat exchanger also has a steam passage that communicates with the expander through the intermediate steam inlet port.
  • the compressor has a steam passage that communicates with the combustion chamber through the heating furnace.
  • the combustion chamber also has a high-temperature steam channel that communicates with the expander, and the expander also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator. Then there are low-pressure steam passages that communicate with the compressor and the condenser respectively, and the condenser and the condensed water passages are communicated with the outside; the condenser and the cooling medium passages are communicated with the outside, and the evaporator or the gas passages are communicated with the outside, high temperature heat exchange.
  • the compressor also has a heat source medium channel that communicates with the outside, and the expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant; wherein, the expander is connected to the compressor and the booster pump and transmits power.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant mainly composed of compressor, expander, booster pump, combustion chamber, heating furnace, heat source regenerator, condenser and evaporator; there is a low-grade fuel channel outside It is connected with the heating furnace, and there is an external air channel that is connected to the heating furnace through the heat source regenerator.
  • the heating furnace also has a gas channel that is connected to the outside through the heat source regenerator.
  • the evaporator also has a steam channel that communicates with the expander through the intermediate steam inlet channel, and the compressor has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the heating furnace.
  • the combustion chamber is connected, the combustion chamber also has a high-temperature steam passage that communicates with the expander, the expander also has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the evaporator, and then the evaporator has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the compressor and the condenser respectively, and the condenser also has condensed water.
  • the channel is communicated with the outside; the condenser and the cooling medium channel are communicated with the outside, the evaporator or the gas channel is communicated with the outside, the expander is connected with the compressor and transmits power to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant; wherein, Or the expander connects the compressor and booster pump and transmits power.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant mainly composed of compressor, expander, booster pump, combustion chamber, heating furnace, heat source regenerator, condenser, evaporator and second expander; external There is a low-grade fuel channel that communicates with the heating furnace, an external air channel is connected to the heating furnace through the heat source regenerator, and the heating furnace has a gas channel that communicates with the outside through the heat source regenerator; the condenser has a condensed water pipeline through a booster pump.
  • the evaporator After being connected with the evaporator, the evaporator has a steam channel that communicates with the second expander, the second expander also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator, the compressor has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the heating furnace, and there are hydrogen channels outside.
  • the oxygen channel is connected to the combustion chamber or there is a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel connected to the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber also has a high temperature steam channel that communicates with the expander, the expander also has a low pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator, and the evaporator also has low pressure steam.
  • the channels are respectively communicated with the compressor and the condenser, and the condenser and the condensed water channel are communicated with the outside; the condenser and the cooling medium channel are communicated with the outside, the evaporator or the gas channel are communicated with the outside, and the expander and the second expander are connected.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant mainly composed of compressor, expander, booster pump, combustion chamber, heating furnace, heat source regenerator, condenser, evaporator and heat supply; external The low-grade fuel channel is communicated with the heating furnace, the external air channel is communicated with the heating furnace through the heat source regenerator, the heating furnace and the gas channel are communicated with the outside through the heat source regenerator; the condenser has a condensed water pipeline through a booster pump and After the evaporator is connected, the evaporator has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the heating furnace, the compressor has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the heating furnace, and the outside has a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel that communicate with the combustion chamber or a hydrogen-oxygen mixture outside.
  • the passage communicates with the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber also has a high-temperature steam passage that communicates with the expander.
  • the expander also has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the evaporator.
  • the evaporator has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the heater, which also has low-pressure steam.
  • the channels are communicated with the compressor and the condenser respectively, and the condenser and the condensed water channel are communicated with the outside; the condenser and the cooling medium channel are communicated with the outside, the evaporator or the gas channel are communicated with the outside, and the heater is also heated.
  • the medium channel is communicated with the outside, and the expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant; wherein, the expander is connected to the compressor and the booster pump and transmits power.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant mainly composed of compressor, expander, booster pump, combustion chamber, heating furnace, heat source regenerator, condenser, evaporator and high temperature regenerator; external There is a low-grade fuel channel that communicates with the heating furnace, an external air channel is connected to the heating furnace through the heat source regenerator, and the heating furnace has a gas channel that communicates with the outside through the heat source regenerator; the condenser has a condensed water pipeline through a booster pump. After being connected with the evaporator, the evaporator has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the high-temperature regenerator and the heating furnace.
  • the compressor has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the high-temperature regenerator and the heating furnace.
  • the outside has a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel. It is connected to the combustion chamber or has a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel connected to the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber also has a high-temperature steam channel that communicates with the expander.
  • the expander also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the high-temperature regenerator.
  • the high-temperature regenerator also has a low-pressure
  • the evaporator has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the compressor and the condenser respectively, and the condenser and the condensed water channel communicate with the outside; the condenser and the cooling medium channel communicate with the outside, the evaporator or other
  • the gas channel is communicated with the outside, and the expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form a combined cycle power plant of hydrogen fuel and low-grade fuel; wherein, the expander is connected to the compressor and the booster pump and transmits the power.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant mainly composed of compressor, expander, booster pump, combustion chamber, heating furnace, heat source regenerator, condenser, evaporator, heat supply and high temperature regenerator It consists of a low-grade fuel channel on the outside that communicates with the heating furnace, an air channel on the outside that communicates with the heating furnace through a heat source regenerator, and a heating furnace and a gas channel that communicates with the outside through the heat source regenerator.
  • the condenser has a condensate water pipeline.
  • the evaporator After the booster pump is connected to the evaporator, the evaporator has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the high-temperature regenerator and the heating furnace, and the compressor has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the high-temperature regenerator and the heating furnace.
  • the channel and the oxygen channel are connected to the combustion chamber or there is a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel connected to the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber also has a high-temperature steam channel that communicates with the expander, and the expander also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the high-temperature regenerator.
  • the compressor also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the heater.
  • the heater has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the compressor and the condenser, respectively.
  • the condenser also has a condensed water channel that communicates with the outside.
  • the condenser also has a cooling medium channel that communicates with the outside.
  • the evaporator also has a heat source medium channel that communicates with the outside
  • the heater also has a heated medium channel that communicates with the outside, and the expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant;
  • the machine connects the compressor and booster pump and transmits power.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant mainly composed of compressor, expander, booster pump, combustion chamber, heating furnace, heat source regenerator, condenser, evaporator, high temperature heat exchanger and high temperature regenerative
  • the external low-grade fuel channel is connected with the heating furnace, the external air channel is connected with the heating furnace through the heat source regenerator, and the heating furnace and the gas channel are connected with the outside through the heat source regenerator;
  • the condenser has a condensate water pipe
  • the booster pump is connected to the evaporator, the evaporator has a steam channel that communicates with the high-temperature heat exchanger.
  • the high-temperature heat exchanger also has a steam channel that communicates with the expander through the intermediate steam inlet port.
  • the heater and the heating furnace are connected with the combustion chamber, and the external hydrogen channel and the oxygen channel are respectively connected with the combustion chamber or the external hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel is connected with the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber also has a high-temperature steam channel connected with the expander.
  • the low-pressure steam passage communicates with the high-temperature regenerator, the high-temperature regenerator and the low-pressure steam passage communicate with the evaporator, and then the evaporator has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the compressor and the condenser respectively, and the condenser and the condensed water passage communicate with the outside.
  • the condenser also has a cooling medium channel that communicates with the outside, the evaporator or a gas channel communicates with the outside, the high-temperature heat exchanger also has a heat source medium channel that communicates with the outside, and the expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form hydrogen fuel-low Grade fuel combined cycle power plant; in which the or expander connects the compressor and booster pump and transmits power.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant mainly composed of compressor, expander, booster pump, combustion chamber, heating furnace, heat source regenerator, condenser, evaporator and high temperature regenerator; external There is a low-grade fuel channel that communicates with the heating furnace, an external air channel is connected to the heating furnace through the heat source regenerator, and the heating furnace has a gas channel that communicates with the outside through the heat source regenerator; the condenser has a condensed water pipeline through a booster pump.
  • the evaporator After being connected with the evaporator, the evaporator has a steam channel that communicates with the expander through the intermediate steam inlet channel, the compressor has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the high temperature regenerator and the heating furnace, and the outside has a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel and the combustion chamber respectively.
  • the combustion chamber also has a high-temperature steam channel that communicates with the expander
  • the expander also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the high-temperature regenerator
  • the high-temperature regenerator has a low-pressure steam channel to communicate with
  • the evaporator has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the compressor and the condenser respectively, the condenser and the condensed water channel communicate with the outside;
  • the condenser also has a cooling medium channel that communicates with the outside, the evaporator or a gas channel communicates with the outside.
  • the expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant; wherein, the expander is connected to the compressor and the booster pump and transmits power.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant mainly composed of compressor, expander, booster pump, combustion chamber, heating furnace, heat source regenerator, condenser, evaporator, second expander and high temperature regenerative
  • the external low-grade fuel channel is connected with the heating furnace, the external air channel is connected with the heating furnace through the heat source regenerator, and the heating furnace and the gas channel are connected with the outside through the heat source regenerator;
  • the condenser has a condensate water pipe
  • the booster pump is connected to the evaporator
  • the evaporator has a steam channel that communicates with the second expander
  • the second expander also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator
  • the compressor has a steam channel that passes through the high-temperature regenerator and the heating furnace.
  • the high temperature regenerator is connected, the high temperature regenerator and the low pressure steam channel are connected with the evaporator, the evaporator and the low pressure steam channel are respectively connected with the compressor and the condenser, and the condenser and the condensed water channel are connected with the outside: the condenser also There is a cooling medium channel that communicates with the outside, an evaporator or a gas channel that communicates with the outside, and the expander and the second expander are connected to the compressor and transmit power to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant; among them, or the expander
  • the compressor and the booster pump are connected to the second expander and transmit power.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant mainly composed of compressor, expander, booster pump, combustion chamber, heating furnace, heat source regenerator, condenser, evaporator, heat supply and high temperature regenerator It consists of a low-grade fuel channel on the outside that communicates with the heating furnace, an air channel on the outside that communicates with the heating furnace through a heat source regenerator, and a heating furnace and a gas channel that communicates with the outside through the heat source regenerator.
  • the condenser has a condensate water pipeline.
  • the evaporator After the booster pump is connected to the evaporator, the evaporator has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the high-temperature regenerator and the heating furnace, and the compressor has a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber through the high-temperature regenerator and the heating furnace.
  • the channel and the oxygen channel are connected to the combustion chamber or there is a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel connected to the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber also has a high-temperature steam channel that communicates with the expander, and the expander also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the high-temperature regenerator.
  • the evaporator has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator, and then the evaporator has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the heater.
  • the heater also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the compressor and the condenser respectively.
  • the condenser and the cooling medium channel communicate with the outside, the evaporator or the gas channel communicate with the outside, the heater and the heated medium channel communicate with the outside, the expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form hydrogen fuel- A low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant; in which the or expander connects the compressor and booster pump and transmits power.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant is any one of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant described in items 7, 9-12, and the expander has a low-pressure steam passage and a high temperature.
  • the regenerator communicates with the high-temperature regenerator with a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the evaporator, and is adjusted so that the expander has an intermediate steam passage that communicates with itself through the high-temperature regenerator, and then the expander has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the evaporator.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant is any one of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant described in items 7, 9-12, and the expander has a low-pressure steam passage and a high temperature.
  • the regenerator communicates with the high-temperature regenerator with a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the evaporator, and is adjusted so that the expander has an intermediate steam passage that communicates with itself through the high-temperature regenerator, and then the expand
  • the expander in the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant described in item 8, has a low-pressure steam passage in communication with a high-temperature regenerator and high-temperature recuperation.
  • the compressor has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the heater, and is adjusted so that the expander has an intermediate steam channel that communicates with itself through a high-temperature regenerator, and then the expander has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the heater to form hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant adding a second booster pump and a low-temperature regenerator to any of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plants described in items 1-14 , the condenser has a condensed water pipeline connected to the evaporator via a booster pump, and the condenser has a condensed water pipeline connected to the low-temperature regenerator via the second booster pump, and the compressor adds an intermediate steam extraction channel to connect with the low-temperature regenerator. , and the low temperature regenerator has a condensed water pipeline connected to the evaporator through a booster pump to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant in any of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant described in items 1-15, adding a dual-energy compressor and replacing the compressor, adding The expansion speed-up machine replaces the expander, and the diffuser pipe is added to replace the booster pump to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant.
  • Hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant is any one of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant described in items 1-5 and 7-11, adding a new expander to The evaporator has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the compressor and the condenser, respectively, and is adjusted so that the evaporator has a low-pressure steam passage and is divided into two paths—the first path is directly connected to the compressor, and the second path is connected to the condenser through the newly added expander, forming Hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant.
  • Figure 1/16 is a first principle thermodynamic system diagram of a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2/16 is a second principle thermodynamic system diagram of a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3/16 is the third principle thermodynamic system diagram of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4/16 is the fourth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5/16 is the fifth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6/16 is the sixth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Figure 7/16 is the seventh principle thermodynamic system diagram of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8/16 is the eighth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 9/16 is the ninth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10/16 is a tenth principle thermodynamic system diagram of a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 11/16 is an eleventh principle thermodynamic system diagram of a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Figure 12/16 is a 12th principle thermodynamic system diagram of a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Figure 13/16 is a 13th principle thermodynamic system diagram of a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • 14/16 are diagrams of the 14th principle thermodynamic system of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • 15/16 are diagrams of the 15th principle thermodynamic system of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 16/16 is a schematic diagram of the 16th principle thermodynamic system of the hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant provided according to the present invention.
  • Low-grade fuel refers to fuel with a relatively low maximum temperature (such as adiabatic combustion temperature or constant-pressure combustion temperature) that can be formed by combustion products; from the concept of heat source, low-grade fuel refers to combustion products The resulting heat source temperature is relatively low fuel.
  • high-grade fuels fuels with a relatively high maximum temperature (such as adiabatic combustion temperature or constant-pressure combustion temperature) that can be formed by combustion products; from the concept of heat source, high-grade fuel refers to A fuel with a relatively high temperature at the heat source formed by combustion products.
  • hydrogen is a high-grade fuel.
  • the gaseous substances of the combustion products are the core of the heat source and are an important part of the thermal system; while the solid substances in the combustion products, such as waste residue, can be utilized in the heat energy contained in them (utilization process and equipment). It is discharged after being contained in the heating furnace or preheated outside the heating furnace body), and is not listed separately, and its function is not described separately.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 1/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the compressor 1 has a steam channel to communicate with the combustion chamber 4 through the heating furnace 5. There is a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel that communicates with the combustion chamber 4, the combustion chamber 4 also has a high-temperature steam channel that communicates with the expander 2, and the expander 2 also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator 8. After that, the evaporator 8 has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator 8, respectively.
  • the compressor 1 communicates with the condenser 7, the condenser 7 also has a condensed water channel that communicates with the outside; the condenser 7 also has a cooling medium channel that communicates with the outside, and the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the external low-grade fuel enters the heating furnace 5, and the external air flows into the heating furnace 5 after the heat source regenerator 6 absorbs heat and raises the temperature, and the low-grade fuel and air are mixed in the heating furnace 5 and burned to generate a higher temperature
  • the gas of the heating furnace 5 releases heat to the steam flowing through it and cools it down, and then flows through the heat source regenerator 6 to release heat to cool down and discharge to the outside;
  • the hydrogen and oxygen with higher external pressure enter the combustion chamber 4 for combustion to generate High temperature and high pressure water vapor;
  • the condensed water of the condenser 7 is boosted by the booster pump 3 and enters the evaporator 8, absorbs heat and heats up and vaporizes, flows through the heating furnace 5 and then enters the combustion chamber 4 and mixes with the high temperature steam, absorbs heat and evaporates.
  • the steam discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the heating furnace 5 to absorb heat and heat up and enter the combustion chamber 4 to mix with the high-temperature steam, absorb heat and heat up;
  • the discharged low-pressure steam flows through the evaporator 8 to release heat and cool down, and then is divided into two paths - the first path enters the compressor 1 to increase the pressure and temperature, and the second path enters the condenser 7 to release heat and condense;
  • the condensed water of the condenser 7 is divided into Two paths - the first path is discharged to the outside, the second path is boosted by the booster pump 3 and then supplied to the evaporator 8; hydrogen and oxygen provide driving heat load through combustion, low-grade fuel provides driving heat load through combustion, and the cooling medium passes through
  • the condenser 7 takes away the low temperature heat load;
  • the expander 2 provides power to the compressor 1 and the outside, or the expander 2 provides power to the compressor 1, the booster pump 3 and the outside, forming a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 2/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the compressor 1 has a steam passage that communicates with the combustion chamber 4 through the heating furnace 5.
  • the outside has a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel and the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber 4 is communicated with or externally has a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel to communicate with the combustion chamber 4, the combustion chamber 4 also has a high-temperature steam channel to communicate with the expander 2, and the expander 2 also has a low-pressure steam channel to communicate with the heater 9 after the heater 9 is connected again.
  • the steam mixes, absorbs heat and heats up; the steam discharged from the combustion chamber 4 flows through the expander 2 to depressurize and perform work, and the low-pressure steam discharged from the expander 2 flows through the heater 9 to release heat and cool down, and then divide into two paths—the first path Enter the compressor 1 to increase the pressure and heat up, and the second path enters the condenser 7 to release heat and condense; the condensed water in the condenser 7 is divided into two paths - the first path is discharged to the outside, and the second path is boosted by the booster pump 3 and provided to the Evaporator 8; hydrogen, low-grade fuel and heat source medium jointly provide driving heat load, and the medium-temperature heat load is taken away by the heated medium through heater 9 to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 3/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the heating furnace 5 is connected, and there is an air channel outside that is connected to the heating furnace 5 through the heat source regenerator 6.
  • the heating furnace 5 also has a gas channel that is connected to the outside through the heat source regenerator 6; 3
  • the evaporator 8 has a steam channel to communicate with the high temperature heat exchanger 10.
  • the high temperature heat exchanger 10 also has a steam channel to communicate with the expander 2 through the intermediate steam inlet port, and the compressor 1 has a steam channel to be heated.
  • the furnace 5 is communicated with the combustion chamber 4, and a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel are respectively connected to the combustion chamber 4 outside, or a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel is communicated with the combustion chamber 4 outside, and the combustion chamber 4 also has a high-temperature steam channel communicated with the expander 2.
  • the compressor 2 also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator 8. After the evaporator 8 has a low-pressure steam channel, it communicates with the compressor 1 and the condenser 7 respectively.
  • the condenser 7 also has a condensed water channel to communicate with the outside.
  • the medium channel communicates with the outside, the high temperature heat exchanger 10 and the heat source medium channel communicate with the outside, and the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the steam mixes, absorbs heat and heats up; the steam discharged from the combustion chamber 4 flows through the expander 2 to depressurize and perform work, and the low-pressure steam discharged from the expander 2 flows through the evaporator 8 to release heat and cool down and then divide into two paths—the first path enters the compression
  • the machine 1 is boosted and heated up, and the second path enters the condenser 7 to release heat and condense; the condensed water in the condenser 7 is divided into two paths - the first path is discharged to the outside, and the second path is provided to the evaporator after being boosted by the booster pump 3 8.
  • Hydrogen, low-grade fuel and heat source medium jointly provide driving heat load to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 4/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the combustion chamber 4 also has a high-temperature steam channel that communicates with the expander 2, and the expander 2 also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator 8. After that, the evaporator 8 has a low-pressure steam channel respectively.
  • the condenser 7 Connected with the compressor 1 and the condenser 7, the condenser 7 also has a condensed water channel that communicates with the outside; the condenser 7 also has a cooling medium channel that communicates with the outside, and the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the second path enters the condenser 7 to release heat and condense; the condensed water of the condenser 7 is divided into two paths - the first path is discharged to the outside, and the second path is boosted by the booster pump 3 and then supplied to the evaporator 8 to form hydrogen fuel - Low grade fuel combined cycle power plant.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 5/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the heating furnace 5 is connected, and there is an air channel outside that is connected to the heating furnace 5 through the heat source regenerator 6.
  • the heating furnace 5 also has a gas channel that is connected to the outside through the heat source regenerator 6; 3
  • the evaporator 8 has a steam passage that communicates with the second expander 11
  • the second expander 11 also has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the evaporator 8
  • the compressor 1 has a steam passage that communicates with the combustion chamber through the heating furnace 5.
  • the chamber 4 is connected, and the outside has a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel to communicate with the combustion chamber 4 or a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel to communicate with the combustion chamber 4.
  • the combustion chamber 4 also has a high-temperature steam channel that communicates with the expander 2.
  • the expander 2 also has The low-pressure steam passage is communicated with the evaporator 8, and the evaporator 8 also has a low-pressure steam passage that is communicated with the compressor 1 and the condenser 7, respectively, and the condenser 7 also has a condensed water passage that communicates with the outside;
  • the evaporator 8 and the heat source medium channel communicate with the outside, and the expander 2 and the second expander 11 are connected to the compressor 1 and transmit power.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 6/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the compressor 1 has a steam passage that communicates with the combustion chamber 4 through the heating furnace 5.
  • the outside has a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel and the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber 4 is communicated with or externally has a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel to communicate with the combustion chamber 4, the combustion chamber 4 also has a high-temperature steam channel to communicate with the expander 2, and the expander 2 also has a low-pressure steam channel to communicate with the evaporator 8.
  • the steam passage is communicated with the heater 9, and the heater 9 also has a low-pressure steam passage that is communicated with the compressor 1 and the condenser 7, respectively, and the condenser 7 also has a condensed water passage that communicates with the outside; the condenser 7 also has a cooling medium passage and External communication, the heater 9 and the heated medium channel are connected to the outside, the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 7/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the heating furnace 5 is connected, and there is an air channel outside that is connected to the heating furnace 5 through the heat source regenerator 6.
  • the heating furnace 5 also has a gas channel that is connected to the outside through the heat source regenerator 6; 3 After being connected with the evaporator 8, the evaporator 8 has a steam passage connected with the combustion chamber 4 through the high temperature regenerator 12 and the heating furnace 5, and the compressor 1 has a steam passage through the high temperature regenerator 12 and the heating furnace 5 and the combustion chamber 4.
  • the outside has a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel to communicate with the combustion chamber 4 or an external hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel to communicate with the combustion chamber 4,
  • the combustion chamber 4 also has a high-temperature steam channel to communicate with the expander 2, and the expander 2 also has low-pressure steam.
  • the passage is communicated with the high-temperature regenerator 12, and the high-temperature regenerator 12 also has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the evaporator 8.
  • the evaporator 8 has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the compressor 1 and the condenser 7, respectively.
  • the condenser 7 also has a condenser.
  • the water channel communicates with the outside; the condenser 7 and the cooling medium channel communicate with the outside, and the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 8/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the grade fuel channel is communicated with the heating furnace 5, and the external air channel is communicated with the heating furnace 5 through the heat source regenerator 6.
  • the heating furnace 5 also has a gas channel communicated with the outside through the heat source regenerator 6; the condenser 7 has a condensed water pipeline.
  • the evaporator 8 After the booster pump 3 is communicated with the evaporator 8, the evaporator 8 has a steam channel connected with the combustion chamber 4 through the high temperature regenerator 12 and the heating furnace 5, and the compressor 1 has a steam channel through the high temperature regenerator 12 and the heating furnace 5. It is communicated with the combustion chamber 4, and a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel are respectively connected to the combustion chamber 4 outside, or a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel is connected to the combustion chamber 4 outside.
  • the combustion chamber 4 also has a high-temperature steam channel communicated with the expander 2. There is also a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the high-temperature regenerator 12, and the high-temperature regenerator 12 also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the heater 9.
  • the heater 9 has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the compressor 1 and the condenser 7, respectively.
  • the condenser 7 also has a condensed water channel to communicate with the outside; the condenser 7 also has a cooling medium channel to communicate with the outside, the evaporator 8 also has a heat source medium channel to communicate with the outside, and the heater 9 also has a heated medium channel to communicate with the outside.
  • the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 9/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the low-grade fuel channel is communicated with the heating furnace 5, and the external air channel is communicated with the heating furnace 5 through the heat source regenerator 6.
  • the heating furnace 5 also has a gas channel communicated with the outside through the heat source regenerator 6;
  • the condenser 7 has a condensation water pipe After the booster pump 3 is communicated with the evaporator 8, the evaporator 8 has a steam passage that communicates with the high-temperature heat exchanger 10.
  • the high-temperature heat exchanger 10 also has a steam passage that communicates with the expander 2 through the intermediate steam inlet port, and the compressor 1
  • a steam channel that communicates with the combustion chamber 4 through the high temperature regenerator 12 and the heating furnace 5, and a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel are respectively connected to the combustion chamber 4 outside or a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel is connected to the combustion chamber 4 outside, and the combustion chamber 4 is also connected.
  • a high-temperature steam channel that communicates with the expander 2 the expander 2 also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the high-temperature regenerator 12, and the high-temperature regenerator 12 also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator 8.
  • the evaporator 8 has a low-pressure steam channel. It is communicated with the compressor 1 and the condenser 7 respectively, and the condenser 7 also has a condensed water channel to communicate with the outside; the condenser 7 also has a cooling medium channel to communicate with the outside, and the high temperature heat exchanger 10 also has a heat source medium channel to communicate with the outside.
  • Machine 2 is connected to compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 10/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the heating furnace 5 is connected, and there is an air channel outside that is connected to the heating furnace 5 through the heat source regenerator 6.
  • the heating furnace 5 also has a gas channel that is connected to the outside through the heat source regenerator 6; 3 After being communicated with the evaporator 8, the evaporator 8 has a steam channel to communicate with the expander 2 through the intermediate steam inlet channel, and the compressor 1 has a steam channel to communicate with the combustion chamber 4 through the high temperature regenerator 12 and the heating furnace 5.
  • the hydrogen channel and the oxygen channel are communicated with the combustion chamber 4 or there is a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel connected with the combustion chamber 4.
  • the combustion chamber 4 also has a high-temperature steam channel communicated with the expander 2, and the expander 2 also has a low-pressure steam channel and a high-temperature recuperation.
  • the high-temperature regenerator 12 has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator 8, and then the evaporator 8 has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the compressor 1 and the condenser 7, respectively.
  • the condenser 7 also has a condensed water channel that communicates with the outside. ;
  • the condenser 7 also has a cooling medium channel to communicate with the outside, and the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 11/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the low-grade fuel channel is communicated with the heating furnace 5, and the external air channel is communicated with the heating furnace 5 through the heat source regenerator 6.
  • the heating furnace 5 also has a gas channel communicated with the outside through the heat source regenerator 6; the condenser 7 has a condensation water pipe After the booster pump 3 is communicated with the evaporator 8, the evaporator 8 has a steam channel that communicates with the second expander 11, the second expander 11 also has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator 8, and the compressor 1 has a steam channel that communicates with the evaporator 8.
  • the high temperature regenerator 12 and the heating furnace 5 are communicated with the combustion chamber 4, and there are respectively a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel on the outside that communicate with the combustion chamber 4 or a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel on the outside that communicates with the combustion chamber 4, and the combustion chamber 4 also has a high-temperature steam channel.
  • the expander 2 also has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the high-temperature regenerator 12, the high-temperature regenerator 12 also has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the evaporator 8, and the evaporator 8 also has a low-pressure steam passage that communicates with the compressor respectively.
  • 1 communicates with the condenser 7, and the condenser 7 also has a condensed water channel that communicates with the outside; the condenser 7 also has a cooling medium channel that communicates with the outside, the evaporator 8 also has a heat source medium channel that communicates with the outside, and the expander 2 and the second expansion.
  • the machine 11 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 12/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the grade fuel channel is communicated with the heating furnace 5, and the external air channel is communicated with the heating furnace 5 through the heat source regenerator 6.
  • the heating furnace 5 also has a gas channel communicated with the outside through the heat source regenerator 6; the condenser 7 has a condensed water pipeline.
  • the evaporator 8 After the booster pump 3 is communicated with the evaporator 8, the evaporator 8 has a steam channel connected with the combustion chamber 4 through the high temperature regenerator 12 and the heating furnace 5, and the compressor 1 has a steam channel through the high temperature regenerator 12 and the heating furnace 5. It is communicated with the combustion chamber 4, and a hydrogen channel and an oxygen channel are respectively connected to the combustion chamber 4 outside, or a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas channel is connected to the combustion chamber 4 outside.
  • the combustion chamber 4 also has a high-temperature steam channel communicated with the expander 2. There is also a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the high-temperature regenerator 12, and the high-temperature regenerator 12 has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the evaporator 8.
  • the evaporator 8 has a low-pressure steam channel that communicates with the heater 9.
  • the heater 9 also has a The low-pressure steam passage communicates with the compressor 1 and the condenser 7 respectively, and the condenser 7 also has a condensed water passage that communicates with the outside; Connected, the expander 2 is connected to the compressor 1 and transmits power.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 13/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the expander 2 has a low-pressure steam passage to communicate with the high-temperature regenerator 12 and the high-temperature regenerator 12 has low-pressure steam
  • the passage communicates with the evaporator 8 , and is adjusted so that the expander 2 has an intermediate steam passage that communicates with itself through the high temperature regenerator 12 , and then the expander 2 has a low pressure steam passage that communicates with the evaporator 8 .
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 14/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the low-pressure steam entering the compressor 1 is boosted to a certain extent and then divided into two paths - the first path enters the low-temperature regenerator 14 through the intermediate steam extraction channel, and the second path continues to increase the pressure and heat up;
  • the expander 2 provides power to the compressor 1 and the outside, or the expander 2 provides power to the compressor 1, the booster pump 3, the second booster pump 13 and the outside, forming a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 15/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the chamber 4 is mixed with high temperature steam, absorbs heat and heats up; the steam discharged from the combustion chamber 4 flows through the expansion speed-up machine 16 to depressurize and increase the speed, and the low-pressure steam discharged from the expansion speed-up machine 16 flows through the evaporator 8 to release heat and increase the temperature.
  • the second route enters the diffuser pipe 17 to reduce speed and boost pressure; hydrogen and oxygen provide driving heat load through combustion, low-grade fuel provides driving heat load through combustion, and the cooling medium takes away low-temperature heat load through condenser 7; expansion increases
  • the speed engine 16 provides power to the dual-energy compressor 15 and the outside to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant.
  • the hydrogen fuel-low grade fuel combined cycle power plant shown in Figure 16/16 is implemented as follows:
  • the difference is that the low-pressure steam discharged from the evaporator 8 is divided into two paths—the first path enters the compressor 1 raises the pressure and heats up, and the second path flows through the newly added expander A to depressurize and work, and then enters the condenser 7 to release heat and condense; the expander 2 and the newly added expander A provide power to the compressor 1 and the outside, or the expander 2 and the newly added expander A provide power to the compressor 1, the booster pump 3 and the outside to form a hydrogen fuel-low-grade fuel combined cycle power plant.
  • Water vapor is the circulating working medium
  • hydrogen is the fuel
  • hydrogen-oxygen combustion produces high-temperature steam and becomes an integral part of the circulating working medium
  • the fuel combustion product has the same properties as the circulating working medium, and the separation process of the combustion product is simple.
  • the proportion between the circulating medium and the fuel can be flexibly determined according to the working conditions, effectively coordinating and solving the relationship and contradiction between combustion temperature, material, investment and thermal efficiency, and has good adaptability.
  • Low-grade fuel can be used or helpful to reduce the boost ratio of the top gas power cycle system, increase the flow rate of the gas cycle working medium, and is conducive to the construction of a large-load combined cycle power plant.

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Abstract

本发明提供氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，属于双燃料联合循环动力技术领域。外部有低品位燃料通道连通加热炉，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器连通加热炉，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器连通外部；冷凝器经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸汽通道经加热炉连通燃烧室，压缩机有蒸汽通道经加热炉连通燃烧室，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道连通燃烧室，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道连通膨胀机，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道连通蒸发器之后蒸发器再有低压蒸汽通道分别连通压缩机和冷凝器，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道连通外部；冷凝器还有冷却介质通道连通外部，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。

Description

氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置 技术领域：
本发明属于能源与动力技术领域。
背景技术：
动力需求为人类生活与生产所常见，利用燃料燃烧形成的热能转换为机械能是获得和提供动力的重要方式，实现高效热变功需要高温驱动热源和合理的热力循环。
燃料是构建高温热源的重要选项，有不同的种类和不同的性质；其中燃料燃烧所形成燃气的温度高低直接决定着热变功效率。在燃料中，氢气属于高品质能源，应加以充分利用；对于利用氢气为燃料来实现热变功，空气助燃是人们最容易采用的手段——但这导致燃烧产物中含有氮氧化物这一污染环境的物质；为此，人们寻求采用纯氧助燃以避免任何污染物的产生和排放。以氢燃料为源头能源进行纯氧燃烧来获得动力时，得到高效利用是根本要求，这需要有联合动力循环装置来实现。
尽管采用联合循环动力装置，但受工作原理、工作介质性质、材料性质、设备及其它部件制造水平等某一或多个因素所限制，氢氧燃烧产物与循环介质之间仍然存在较大的温差不可能损失——这为低品位燃料参与构建热源提供了机遇。
人们需要简单、主动、安全、高效地利用氢燃料来获得动力，考虑到水蒸气作为循环介质具有低温冷凝放热和高温变温吸热的双重优势，且氢氧燃烧产物也是水蒸气，本发明给出了低品位燃料与氢燃料搭配使用，热效率高、安全性强、适应氢氧燃烧并灵活确定循环最高工作参数、循环工质与燃料产物相一致的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。发明内容：
本发明主要目的是要提供氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，具体发明内容分项阐述如下：
1.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器和蒸发器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器与加热炉连通，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器与外部连通；冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸汽通道经加热炉与燃烧室连通，压缩机有蒸汽通道经加热炉与燃烧室连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室连通，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机连通，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器或还有燃气通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机连接压缩机和升压泵并传输动力。
2.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和供热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器与加热炉连通，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器与外部连通；冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸汽通道经加热 炉与燃烧室连通，压缩机有蒸汽通道经加热炉与燃烧室连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室连通，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机连通，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与供热器连通之后供热器再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器还有热源介质通道与外部连通，供热器还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机连接压缩机和升压泵并传输动力。
3.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和高温热交换器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器与加热炉连通，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器与外部连通；冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸汽通道与高温热交换器连通，高温热交换器还有蒸汽通道通过中间进汽端口与膨胀机连通，压缩机有蒸汽通道经加热炉与燃烧室连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室连通，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机连通，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器或还有燃气通道与外部连通，高温热交换器还有热源介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机连接压缩机和升压泵并传输动力。
4.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器和蒸发器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器与加热炉连通，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器与外部连通；冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸汽通道经中间进汽通道与膨胀机连通，压缩机有蒸汽通道经加热炉与燃烧室连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室连通，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机连通，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器或还有燃气通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机连接压缩机和升压泵并传输动力。
5.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和第二膨胀机所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器与加热炉连通，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器与外部连通；冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸汽通道与第二膨胀机连通，第二膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通，压缩机有蒸汽通道经加热炉与燃烧室连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室连通，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机连通，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通，蒸发器还有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器或还有燃气通道与外部连通， 膨胀机和第二膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机和第二膨胀机连接压缩机和升压泵并传输动力。
6.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和供热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器与加热炉连通，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器与外部连通；冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸汽通道经加热炉与燃烧室连通，压缩机有蒸汽通道经加热炉与燃烧室连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室连通，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机连通，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有低压蒸汽通道与供热器连通，供热器还有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器或还有燃气通道与外部连通，供热器还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机连接压缩机和升压泵并传输动力。
7.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器与加热炉连通，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器与外部连通；冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸汽通道经高温回热器和加热炉与燃烧室连通，压缩机有蒸汽通道经高温回热器和加热炉与燃烧室连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室连通，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机连通，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器连通，高温回热器还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器或还有燃气通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机连接压缩机和升压泵并传输动力。
8.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器、供热器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器与加热炉连通，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器与外部连通；冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸汽通道经高温回热器和加热炉与燃烧室连通，压缩机有蒸汽通道经高温回热器和加热炉与燃烧室连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室连通，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机连通，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器连通，高温回热器还有低压蒸汽通道与供热器连通之后供热器再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器还有热源介质通道与外部连通，供热器还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机连接压缩机和升压泵并传输动力。
9.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器、高温热交换器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品 位燃料通道与加热炉连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器与加热炉连通，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器与外部连通；冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸汽通道与高温热交换器连通，高温热交换器还有蒸汽通道通过中间进汽端口与膨胀机连通，压缩机有蒸汽通道经高温回热器和加热炉与燃烧室连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室连通，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机连通，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器连通，高温回热器还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器或还有燃气通道与外部连通，高温热交换器还有热源介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机连接压缩机和升压泵并传输动力。
10.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器与加热炉连通，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器与外部连通；冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸汽通道经中间进汽通道与膨胀机连通，压缩机有蒸汽通道经高温回热器和加热炉与燃烧室连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室连通，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机连通，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器连通，高温回热器再有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器或还有燃气通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机连接压缩机和升压泵并传输动力。
11.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器、第二膨胀机和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器与加热炉连通，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器与外部连通；冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸汽通道与第二膨胀机连通，第二膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通，压缩机有蒸汽通道经高温回热器和加热炉与燃烧室连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室连通，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机连通，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器连通，高温回热器还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通，蒸发器还有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道与外部连通：冷凝器还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器或还有燃气通道与外部连通，膨胀机和第二膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机和第二膨胀机连接压缩机和升压泵并传输动力。
12.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器、供热器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器与加热炉连通，加热炉还有燃气通道经热源回热器与外部连通；冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有蒸 汽通道经高温回热器和加热炉与燃烧室连通，压缩机有蒸汽通道经高温回热器和加热炉与燃烧室连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室连通，燃烧室还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机连通，膨胀机还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器连通，高温回热器再有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通之后蒸发器再有低压蒸汽通道与供热器连通，供热器还有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通，冷凝器还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器或还有燃气通道与外部连通，供热器还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机连接压缩机并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机连接压缩机和升压泵并传输动力。
13.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，是在第7、9-12项所述的任一一款氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，将膨胀机有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器连通和高温回热器有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通，一并调整为膨胀机有中间蒸汽通道经高温回热器与自身连通之后膨胀机再有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器连通，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
14.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，是在第8项所述的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，将膨胀机有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器连通和高温回热器有低压蒸汽通道与供热器连通，一并调整为膨胀机有中间蒸汽通道经高温回热器与自身连通之后膨胀机再有低压蒸汽通道与供热器连通，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
15.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，是在第1-14项所述的任一一款氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，增加第二升压泵和低温回热器，将冷凝器有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通调整为冷凝器有冷凝水管路经第二升压泵与低温回热器连通，压缩机增设中间抽汽通道与低温回热器连通，低温回热器再有冷凝水管路经升压泵与蒸发器连通，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
16.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，是在第1-15项所述的任一一款氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，增加双能压缩机并取代压缩机，增加膨胀增速机并取代膨胀机，增加扩压管并取代升压泵，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
17.氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，是在第1-5、7-11项所述的任一一款氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，增加新增膨胀机，将蒸发器有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机和冷凝器连通调整为蒸发器有低压蒸汽通道分成两路——第一路直接与压缩机连通和第二路经新增膨胀机与冷凝器连通，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
附图说明：
图1/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第1种原则性热力系统图。
图2/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第2种原则性热力系统图。
图3/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第3种原则性热力系统图。
图4/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第4种原则性热力系统图。
图5/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第5种原则性热力系统图。
图6/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第6种原则性热力系统图。
图7/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第7种原则性热力系统图。
图8/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第8种原则性热力系统图。
图9/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第9种原则性热力系统图。
图10/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第10种原则性热力系统图。
图11/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第11种原则性热力系统图。
图12/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第12种原则性热力系统图。
图13/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第13种原则性热力系统图。
图14/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第14种原则性热力系统图。
图15/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第15种原则性热力系统图。
图16/16是依据本发明所提供的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置第16种原则性热力系统图。
图中，1-压缩机，2-膨胀机，3-升压泵，4-燃烧室，5-加热炉，6-热源回热器，7-冷凝器，8-蒸发器，9-供热器，10-高温热交换器，11-第二膨胀机，12-高温回热器，13-第二升压泵，14-低温回热器，15-双能压缩机，16-膨胀增速机，17-扩压管；A-新增膨胀机。
关于低品位燃料、热源介质和流经蒸发器8的燃气，这里给出简要说明：
(1)低品位燃料：指的是燃烧产物所能够形成的最高温度(比如绝热燃烧温度或定压燃烧温度)相对较低的燃料；从热源的概念来看，低品位燃料指的是燃烧产物形成的热源温度相对较低的燃料。
※相比之下，有高品位燃料——燃烧产物所能够形成的最高温度(比如绝热燃烧温度或定压燃烧温度)相对较高的燃料；从热源的概念来看，高品位燃料指的是燃烧产物形成的热源温度相对较高的燃料。本发明技术中，氢气为高品位燃料。
(2)对固体燃料来说，燃烧产物的气态物质是构成热源的核心，是热力系统的重要组成部分；而燃烧产物中的固态物质，如废渣，在其含有热能得到利用(利用流程及设备包含在加热炉内或在加热炉本体之外预热空气)之后被排出，不单独列出，其作用不单独表述。
(3)受限于现行技术条件或材料性能等原因，尤其对于需要通过间接手段向循环工质提 供高温驱动热负荷的燃料来说，它们的品位高低应以燃烧产物所能够形成的最高温度减去间接传热温差之后的温度高低来划分；或者，以现行技术条件下能够使循环工质所能达到的温度高低来划分——使循环工质(工作介质)能够达到的温度更高者为高品位燃料，使循环工质(工作介质)能够达到的温度较低者为低品位燃料。
具体实施方式：
首先要说明的是，在结构和流程的表述上，非必要情况下不重复进行；对显而易见的流程不作表述。下面结合附图和实例来详细描述本发明。
图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器和蒸发器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉5连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器6与加热炉5连通，加热炉5还有燃气通道经热源回热器6与外部连通；冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有蒸汽通道经加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，压缩机1有蒸汽通道经加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室4连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室4连通，燃烧室4还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机2连通，膨胀机2还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通，冷凝器7还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器7还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，外部低品位燃料进入加热炉5，外部空气流经热源回热器6吸热升温之后进入加热炉5，低品位燃料和空气在加热炉5内混合并燃烧生成温度较高的燃气，加热炉5的燃气放热于流经其内的蒸汽并降温，之后流经热源回热器6放热降温和对外排放；外部压力较高的氢气和氧气进入燃烧室4燃烧，生成高温高压水蒸气；冷凝器7的冷凝水经升压泵3升压进入蒸发器8、吸热升温和汽化，流经加热炉5吸热升温之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温，压缩机1排放的蒸汽流经加热炉5吸热升温之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀机2降压作功，膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经蒸发器8放热并降温，之后分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1升压升温，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝；冷凝器7的冷凝水分成两路——第一路对外排放，第二路经升压泵3升压之后提供给蒸发器8；氢气和氧气通过燃烧提供驱动热负荷，低品位燃料通过燃烧提供驱动热负荷，冷却介质通过冷凝器7带走低温热负荷；膨胀机2向压缩机1和外部提供动力，或膨胀机2向压缩机1、升压泵3和外部提供动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图2/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和供热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉5连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器6与加热炉5连通，加热炉5还有燃气通道经热源回热器6与外部连通；冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有蒸汽通道经加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，压缩机1有蒸汽通道经加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室4连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室4连通，燃烧室4还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机2连通，膨胀机2还有低压蒸汽通道与供热器9连通之后供热器9再有 低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通，冷凝器7还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器7还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器8还有热源介质通道与外部连通，供热器9还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，与图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：冷凝器7的冷凝水经升压泵3升压进入蒸发器8、吸热升温和汽化，流经加热炉5吸热升温之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温，压缩机1排放的蒸汽流经加热炉5吸热升温之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀机2降压作功，膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经供热器9放热降温，之后分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1升压升温，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝；冷凝器7的冷凝水分成两路——第一路对外排放，第二路经升压泵3升压之后提供给蒸发器8；氢气、低品位燃料和热源介质共同提供驱动热负荷，被加热介质通过供热器9带走中温热负荷，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图3/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和高温热交换器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉5连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器6与加热炉5连通，加热炉5还有燃气通道经热源回热器6与外部连通；冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有蒸汽通道与高温热交换器10连通，高温热交换器10还有蒸汽通道通过中间进汽端口与膨胀机2连通，压缩机1有蒸汽通道经加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室4连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室4连通，燃烧室4还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机2连通，膨胀机2还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通，冷凝器7还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器7还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，高温热交换器10还有热源介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，与图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：冷凝器7的冷凝水流经升压泵3升压，流经蒸发器8和高温热交换器10吸热升温、汽化和过热，之后通过中间端口进入膨胀机2降压作功；压缩机1排放的蒸汽流经加热炉5吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀机2降压作功，膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经蒸发器8放热降温之后分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1升压升温，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝；冷凝器7的冷凝水分成两路——第一路对外排放，第二路经升压泵3升压之后提供给蒸发器8；氢气、低品位燃料和热源介质共同提供驱动热负荷，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图4/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器和蒸发器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉5连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器6与加热炉5连通，加热炉5还有燃气通道经热源回热器6与外部连通；冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有蒸汽通道经中间进汽通道与膨胀机2连通，压缩机1有蒸汽通道经加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气 通道与燃烧室4连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室4连通，燃烧室4还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机2连通，膨胀机2还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通，冷凝器7还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器7还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，与图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：冷凝器7的冷凝水经升压泵3升压进入蒸发器8、吸热升温和汽化，之后通过中间进汽通道进入膨胀机2降压作功；压缩机1排放的蒸汽流经加热炉5吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀机2降压作功，膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经蒸发器8放热并降温，之后分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1升压升温，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝；冷凝器7的冷凝水分成两路——第一路对外排放，第二路经升压泵3升压之后提供给蒸发器8，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图5/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和第二膨胀机所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉5连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器6与加热炉5连通，加热炉5还有燃气通道经热源回热器6与外部连通；冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有蒸汽通道与第二膨胀机11连通，第二膨胀机11还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通，压缩机1有蒸汽通道经加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室4连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室4连通，燃烧室4还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机2连通，膨胀机2还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通，蒸发器8还有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通，冷凝器7还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器7还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器8还有热源介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2和第二膨胀机11连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，与图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：冷凝器7的冷凝水经升压泵3升压进入蒸发器8、吸热升温和汽化，之后进入第二膨胀机11降压作功，第二膨胀机11排放的低压蒸汽进入蒸发器8放热并降温；压缩机1排放的蒸汽流经加热炉5吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4吸热升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀机2降压作功，膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽进入蒸发器8放热降温；蒸发器8排放的低压蒸汽分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1升压升温，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝；冷凝器7的冷凝水分成两路——第一路对外排放，第二路经升压泵3升压之后提供给蒸发器8；氢气、低品位燃料和热源介质共同提供驱动热负荷，膨胀机2和第二膨胀机11向压缩机1和外部提供动力，或膨胀机2和第二膨胀机11向压缩机1、升压泵3和外部提供动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图6/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和供热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉5连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器6与加热炉5连通，加热炉5还有燃气通道经热源回热器6与外部连通；冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有蒸汽通道经加热炉5与 燃烧室4连通，压缩机1有蒸汽通道经加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室4连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室4连通，燃烧室4还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机2连通，膨胀机2还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有低压蒸汽通道与供热器9连通，供热器9还有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通，冷凝器7还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器7还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，供热器9还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，与图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经蒸发器8和供热器9逐步放热并降温，之后再分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1升压升温，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝；被加热介质通过供热器9带走中温热负荷，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图7/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉5连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器6与加热炉5连通，加热炉5还有燃气通道经热源回热器6与外部连通；冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有蒸汽通道经高温回热器12和加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，压缩机1有蒸汽通道经高温回热器12和加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室4连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室4连通，燃烧室4还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机2连通，膨胀机2还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器12连通，高温回热器12还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通，冷凝器7还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器7还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，与图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：冷凝器7的冷凝水经升压泵3升压进入蒸发器8、吸热升温和汽化，流经高温回热器12和加热炉5逐步吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；压缩机1排放的蒸汽流经高温回热器12和加热炉5逐步吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀机2降压作功，膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经高温回热器12和蒸发器8逐步放热并降温，之后分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1升压升温，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图8/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器、供热器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉5连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器6与加热炉5连通，加热炉5还有燃气通道经热源回热器6与外部连通；冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有蒸汽通道经高温回热器12和加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，压缩机1有蒸汽通道经高温回热器12和加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室4连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室4连通，燃烧室4还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机2连通，膨胀机2还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器12连通，高温回热器12还有低压蒸汽通道与供热器9连通之后供热器9再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通，冷凝器7还有冷凝水通道 与外部连通；冷凝器7还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器8还有热源介质通道与外部连通，供热器9还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，与图2/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：冷凝器7的冷凝水经升压泵3升压进入蒸发器8、吸热升温和汽化，流经高温回热器12和加热炉5逐步吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；压缩机1排放的蒸汽流经高温回热器12和加热炉5逐步吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀机2降压作功，膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经高温回热器12和供热器9放热并降温，之后分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1升压升温，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图9/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器、高温热交换器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉5连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器6与加热炉5连通，加热炉5还有燃气通道经热源回热器6与外部连通；冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有蒸汽通道与高温热交换器10连通，高温热交换器10还有蒸汽通道通过中间进汽端口与膨胀机2连通，压缩机1有蒸汽通道经高温回热器12和加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室4连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室4连通，燃烧室4还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机2连通，膨胀机2还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器12连通，高温回热器12还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通，冷凝器7还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器7还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，高温热交换器10还有热源介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，与图3/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：压缩机1排放的蒸汽流经高温回热器12和加热炉5逐步吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀机2降压作功，膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经高温回热器12和蒸发器8逐步放热并降温，之后分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1升压升温，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图10/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉5连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器6与加热炉5连通，加热炉5还有燃气通道经热源回热器6与外部连通；冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有蒸汽通道经中间进汽通道与膨胀机2连通，压缩机1有蒸汽通道经高温回热器12和加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室4连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室4连通，燃烧室4还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机2连通，膨胀机2还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器12连通，高温回热器12再有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通，冷凝器7还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器7还 有冷却介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，与图4/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：压缩机1排放的蒸汽流经高温回热器12和加热炉5逐步吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀机2降压作功，膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经高温回热器12和蒸发器8逐步放热降温，之后分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1升压升温，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图11/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器、第二膨胀机和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉5连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器6与加热炉5连通，加热炉5还有燃气通道经热源回热器6与外部连通；冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有蒸汽通道与第二膨胀机11连通，第二膨胀机11还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通，压缩机1有蒸汽通道经高温回热器12和加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室4连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室4连通，燃烧室4还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机2连通，膨胀机2还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器12连通，高温回热器12还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通，蒸发器8还有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通，冷凝器7还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器7还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器8还有热源介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2和第二膨胀机11连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，与图5/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：压缩机1排放的蒸汽流经高温回热器12和加热炉5逐步吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀机2降压作功，膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经高温回热器12放热降温，之后进入蒸发器8放热降温，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图12/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，它主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器、供热器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉5连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器6与加热炉5连通，加热炉5还有燃气通道经热源回热器6与外部连通；冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有蒸汽通道经高温回热器12和加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，压缩机1有蒸汽通道经高温回热器12和加热炉5与燃烧室4连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室4连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室4连通，燃烧室4还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机2连通，膨胀机2还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器12连通，高温回热器12再有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通之后蒸发器8再有低压蒸汽通道与供热器9连通，供热器9还有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通，冷凝器7还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器7还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，供热器9还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机2连接压缩机1并传输动力。
(2)流程上，与图6/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：冷凝器7的冷凝水经升压泵3升压进入蒸发器8、吸热升温和汽化，流经高温回热器 12和加热炉5逐步吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；压缩机1排放的蒸汽流经高温回热器12和加热炉5逐步吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀机2降压作功，膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经高温回热器12、蒸发器8和供热器9逐步放热降温，之后再分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1升压升温，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图13/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，在图12/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，将膨胀机2有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器12连通和高温回热器12有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通，一并调整为膨胀机2有中间蒸汽通道经高温回热器12与自身连通之后膨胀机2再有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器8连通。
(2)流程上，与图12/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：燃烧室4排放的蒸汽进入膨胀机2降压作功至一定程度之后流经高温回热器12放热降温，进入膨胀机2继续降压作功；膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经蒸发器8放热降温之后分别进入压缩机1升压升温和进入冷凝器7放热冷凝，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图14/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，在图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，增加第二升压泵和低温回热器，将冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通调整为冷凝器7有冷凝水管路经第二升压泵13与低温回热器14连通，压缩机1增设中间抽汽通道与低温回热器14连通，低温回热器14再有冷凝水管路经升压泵3与蒸发器8连通。
(2)流程上，与图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：冷凝器7的冷凝水经第二升压泵13升压之后进入低温回热器14，与来自压缩机1的抽汽混合吸热并升温，抽汽与冷凝水混合之后放热并冷凝；低温回热器14的冷凝水经升压泵3升压进入蒸发器8、吸热升温和汽化，流经加热炉5吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；压缩机1排放的蒸汽流经加热炉5吸热升温，之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀机2降压作功，膨胀机2排放的低压蒸汽流经蒸发器8放热并降温，之后分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝；冷凝器7的冷凝水分成两路——第一路对外排放，第二路经第二升压泵13升压之后提供给低温回热器14；进入压缩机1的低压蒸汽升压到一定程度之后又分成两路——第一路经中间抽汽通道进入低温回热器14，第二路继续升压升温；膨胀机2向压缩机1和外部提供动力，或膨胀机2向压缩机1、升压泵3、第二升压泵13和外部提供动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图15/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，在图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，增加双能压缩机15并取代压缩机1，增加膨胀增速机16并取代膨胀机2，增加扩压管17并取代升压泵3。
(2)流程上，与图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：冷凝器7的冷凝水经扩压管17降速升压进入蒸发器8、吸热升温和汽化，流经加热 炉5吸热升温之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温，双能压缩机15排放的蒸汽流经加热炉5吸热升温之后进入燃烧室4与高温蒸汽混合、吸热并升温；燃烧室4排放的蒸汽流经膨胀增速机16降压作功并增速，膨胀增速机16排放的低压蒸汽流经蒸发器8放热并降温，之后分成两路——第一路进入双能压缩机15升压升温并降速，第二路进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝；冷凝器7的冷凝水分成两路——第一路对外排放，第二路进入扩压管17降速升压；氢气和氧气通过燃烧提供驱动热负荷，低品位燃料通过燃烧提供驱动热负荷，冷却介质通过冷凝器7带走低温热负荷；膨胀增速机16向双能压缩机15和外部提供动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
图16/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置是这样实现的：
(1)结构上，在图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，增加新增膨胀机，将蒸发器8有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机1和冷凝器7连通调整为蒸发器8有低压蒸汽通道分成两路——第一路直接与压缩机1连通和第二路经新增膨胀机A与冷凝器7连通。
(2)流程上，与图1/16所示的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置相比较，不同之处在于：蒸发器8排放的低压蒸汽分成两路——第一路进入压缩机1升压升温，第二路流经新增膨胀机A降压作功之后进入冷凝器7放热并冷凝；膨胀机2和新增膨胀机A向压缩机1和外部提供动力，或膨胀机2和新增膨胀机A向压缩机1、升压泵3和外部提供动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
本发明技术可以实现的效果——本发明所提出的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，具有如下效果和优势：
(1)水蒸气为循环工质，氢气为燃料，氢氧燃烧生产高温蒸汽而成为循环工质的组成部分；燃料燃烧产物与循环工质性质一致，燃烧产物分离过程简单。
(2)循环介质与燃料之间比例组成可根据工况灵活确定，有效协调和解决燃烧温度、材料、投资与热效率之间的关系和矛盾，有很好的适应性。
(3)低品位燃料与氢燃料合理搭配，共同提供驱动热负荷，有效降低燃料成本。
(4)驱动热负荷分级利用，显著降低温差不可逆损失，有效提升装置热效率。
(5)低品位燃料可用于或有助于降低顶部气体动力循环系统升压比，提升气体循环工质流量，有利于构建大负荷联合循环动力装置。
(6)提升热动装置燃料选择范围和使用价值，降低装置能耗成本。
(7)氢氧燃烧放热环节温差损失小，有利于提高动力装置热效率。
(8)循环工质低温相变放热，低温放热环节温差损失可控，有利于提高热效率。
(9)在实现高热效率前提下，可选择低压运行，装置运行的安全性得到较大幅度提高。
(10)采用膨胀增速机实现降压和采用双能压缩机/扩压管实现升压的技术方案，能够灵活和有效降低联合循环动力装置制造难度和成本。

Claims (17)

  1. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器和蒸发器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉(5)连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器(6)与加热炉(5)连通，加热炉(5)还有燃气通道经热源回热器(6)与外部连通；冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有蒸汽通道经加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，压缩机(1)有蒸汽通道经加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室(4)连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室(4)连通，燃烧室(4)还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，膨胀机(2)还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通，冷凝器(7)还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器(7)还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(8)或还有燃气通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)和升压泵(3)并传输动力。
  2. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和供热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉(5)连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器(6)与加热炉(5)连通，加热炉(5)还有燃气通道经热源回热器(6)与外部连通；冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有蒸汽通道经加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，压缩机(1)有蒸汽通道经加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室(4)连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室(4)连通，燃烧室(4)还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，膨胀机(2)还有低压蒸汽通道与供热器(9)连通之后供热器(9)再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通，冷凝器(7)还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器(7)还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(8)还有热源介质通道与外部连通，供热器(9)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)和升压泵(3)并传输动力。
  3. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和高温热交换器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉(5)连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器(6)与加热炉(5)连通，加热炉(5)还有燃气通道经热源回热器(6)与外部连通；冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有蒸汽通道与高温热交换器(10)连通，高温热交换器(10)还有蒸汽通道通过中间进汽端口与膨胀机(2)连通，压缩机(1)有蒸汽通道经加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室(4)连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室(4)连通，燃烧室(4)还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，膨胀机(2)还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通，冷凝器(7)还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器(7)还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(8)或还有燃气通道与外部连通，高温热交换器(10)还有热源介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)和升压 泵(3)并传输动力。
  4. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器和蒸发器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉(5)连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器(6)与加热炉(5)连通，加热炉(5)还有燃气通道经热源回热器(6)与外部连通；冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有蒸汽通道经中间进汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，压缩机(1)有蒸汽通道经加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室(4)连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室(4)连通，燃烧室(4)还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，膨胀机(2)还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通，冷凝器(7)还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器(7)还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(8)或还有燃气通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)和升压泵(3)并传输动力。
  5. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和第二膨胀机所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉(5)连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器(6)与加热炉(5)连通，加热炉(5)还有燃气通道经热源回热器(6)与外部连通；冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有蒸汽通道与第二膨胀机(11)连通，第二膨胀机(11)还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通，压缩机(1)有蒸汽通道经加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室(4)连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室(4)连通，燃烧室(4)还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，膨胀机(2)还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通，蒸发器(8)还有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通，冷凝器(7)还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器(7)还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(8)或还有燃气通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)和第二膨胀机(11)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机(2)和第二膨胀机(11)连接压缩机(1)和升压泵(3)并传输动力。
  6. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和供热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉(5)连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器(6)与加热炉(5)连通，加热炉(5)还有燃气通道经热源回热器(6)与外部连通；冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有蒸汽通道经加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，压缩机(1)有蒸汽通道经加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室(4)连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室(4)连通，燃烧室(4)还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，膨胀机(2)还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有低压蒸汽通道与供热器(9)连通，供热器(9)还有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通，冷凝器(7)还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器(7)还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(8)或还有燃气通道与外部连通，供热器(9)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合 循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)和升压泵(3)并传输动力。
  7. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉(5)连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器(6)与加热炉(5)连通，加热炉(5)还有燃气通道经热源回热器(6)与外部连通；冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有蒸汽通道经高温回热器(12)和加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，压缩机(1)有蒸汽通道经高温回热器(12)和加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室(4)连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室(4)连通，燃烧室(4)还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，膨胀机(2)还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器(12)连通，高温回热器(12)还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通，冷凝器(7)还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器(7)还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(8)或还有燃气通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)和升压泵(3)并传输动力。
  8. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器、供热器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉(5)连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器(6)与加热炉(5)连通，加热炉(5)还有燃气通道经热源回热器(6)与外部连通；冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有蒸汽通道经高温回热器(12)和加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，压缩机(1)有蒸汽通道经高温回热器(12)和加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室(4)连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室(4)连通，燃烧室(4)还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，膨胀机(2)还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器(12)连通，高温回热器(12)还有低压蒸汽通道与供热器(9)连通之后供热器(9)再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通，冷凝器(7)还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器(7)还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(8)还有热源介质通道与外部连通，供热器(9)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)和升压泵(3)并传输动力。
  9. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器、高温热交换器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉(5)连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器(6)与加热炉(5)连通，加热炉(5)还有燃气通道经热源回热器(6)与外部连通；冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有蒸汽通道与高温热交换器(10)连通，高温热交换器(10)还有蒸汽通道通过中间进汽端口与膨胀机(2)连通，压缩机(1)有蒸汽通道经高温回热器(12)和加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室(4)连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室(4)连通，燃烧室(4)还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，膨胀机(2)还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器(12)连通，高温回热器(12)还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有低压 蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通，冷凝器(7)还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器(7)还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(8)或还有燃气通道与外部连通，高温热交换器(10)还有热源介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)和升压泵(3)并传输动力。
  10. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉(5)连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器(6)与加热炉(5)连通，加热炉(5)还有燃气通道经热源回热器(6)与外部连通；冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有蒸汽通道经中间进汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，压缩机(1)有蒸汽通道经高温回热器(12)和加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室(4)连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室(4)连通，燃烧室(4)还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，膨胀机(2)还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器(12)连通，高温回热器(12)再有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通，冷凝器(7)还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器(7)还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(8)或还有燃气通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)和升压泵(3)并传输动力。
  11. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器、第二膨胀机和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉(5)连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器(6)与加热炉(5)连通，加热炉(5)还有燃气通道经热源回热器(6)与外部连通；冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有蒸汽通道与第二膨胀机(11)连通，第二膨胀机(11)还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通，压缩机(1)有蒸汽通道经高温回热器(12)和加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室(4)连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室(4)连通，燃烧室(4)还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，膨胀机(2)还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器(12)连通，高温回热器(12)还有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通，蒸发器(8)还有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通，冷凝器(7)还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器(7)还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(8)或还有燃气通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)和第二膨胀机(11)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机(2)和第二膨胀机(11)连接压缩机(1)和升压泵(3)并传输动力。
  12. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，主要由压缩机、膨胀机、升压泵、燃烧室、加热炉、热源回热器、冷凝器、蒸发器、供热器和高温回热器所组成；外部有低品位燃料通道与加热炉(5)连通，外部还有空气通道经热源回热器(6)与加热炉(5)连通，加热炉(5)还有燃气通道经热源回热器(6)与外部连通；冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有蒸汽通道经高温回热器(12)和加热炉(5)与燃烧室(4)连通，压缩机(1)有蒸汽通道经高温回热器(12)和加热炉(5)与燃烧室 (4)连通，外部分别有氢气通道和氧气通道与燃烧室(4)连通或外部有氢氧混合气体通道与燃烧室(4)连通，燃烧室(4)还有高温蒸汽通道与膨胀机(2)连通，膨胀机(2)还有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器(12)连通，高温回热器(12)再有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通之后蒸发器(8)再有低压蒸汽通道与供热器(9)连通，供热器(9)还有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通，冷凝器(7)还有冷凝水通道与外部连通；冷凝器(7)还有冷却介质通道与外部连通，蒸发器(8)或还有燃气通道与外部连通，供热器(9)还有被加热介质通道与外部连通，膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)并传输动力，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置；其中，或膨胀机(2)连接压缩机(1)和升压泵(3)并传输动力。
  13. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，是在权利要求7、9-12所述的任一一款氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，将膨胀机(2)有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器(12)连通和高温回热器(12)有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通，一并调整为膨胀机(2)有中间蒸汽通道经高温回热器(12)与自身连通之后膨胀机(2)再有低压蒸汽通道与蒸发器(8)连通，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
  14. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，是在权利要求8所述的氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，将膨胀机(2)有低压蒸汽通道与高温回热器(12)连通和高温回热器(12)有低压蒸汽通道与供热器(9)连通，一并调整为膨胀机(2)有中间蒸汽通道经高温回热器(12)与自身连通之后膨胀机(2)再有低压蒸汽通道与供热器(9)连通，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
  15. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，是在权利要求1-14所述的任一一款氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，增加第二升压泵和低温回热器，将冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通调整为冷凝器(7)有冷凝水管路经第二升压泵(13)与低温回热器(14)连通，压缩机(1)增设中间抽汽通道与低温回热器(14)连通，低温回热器(14)再有冷凝水管路经升压泵(3)与蒸发器(8)连通，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
  16. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，是在权利要求1-15所述的任一一款氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，增加双能压缩机(15)并取代压缩机(1)，增加膨胀增速机(16)并取代膨胀机(2)，增加扩压管(17)并取代升压泵(3)，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
  17. 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置，是在权利要求1-5、7-11所述的任一一款氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置中，增加新增膨胀机，将蒸发器(8)有低压蒸汽通道分别与压缩机(1)和冷凝器(7)连通调整为蒸发器(8)有低压蒸汽通道分成两路——第一路直接与压缩机(1)连通和第二路经新增膨胀机(A)与冷凝器(7)连通，形成氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置。
PCT/CN2022/000064 2021-04-06 2022-04-06 氢燃料-低品位燃料联合循环动力装置 WO2022213688A1 (zh)

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