WO2022213655A1 - 电极组件的制备方法及装置、光电极装置及其植入方法 - Google Patents

电极组件的制备方法及装置、光电极装置及其植入方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022213655A1
WO2022213655A1 PCT/CN2021/138078 CN2021138078W WO2022213655A1 WO 2022213655 A1 WO2022213655 A1 WO 2022213655A1 CN 2021138078 W CN2021138078 W CN 2021138078W WO 2022213655 A1 WO2022213655 A1 WO 2022213655A1
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accommodating
box
hole
sub
electrode
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王璐璐
鲁艺
阎梦萦
曹燚
钟成
孙重阳
王立平
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of electrodes, in particular to a preparation method and device of an electrode assembly, a photoelectrode device and an implantation method thereof.
  • Electrophysiological techniques have become a very important tool to study neuronal activity and thus the function of neural circuits due to their high temporal and spatial resolution recording advantages.
  • a series of major breakthroughs have been made in the development of recording electrodes, which have had a direct and profound impact on neuroscience research, and quickly led to the inclusion of four electrodes that can better distinguish neuron types.
  • the development of various new electrode arrays such as Michigan microelectrodes distributed at different depths of recording sites, and Utah microelectrode arrays of large-scale recording sites.
  • the texture of the electrodes commonly used at present is relatively hard and cannot match the deformation of the nerve tissue, which will cause continuous damage to the nerve tissue.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method and device of an electrode assembly, a photoelectrode device and an implantation method thereof, so as to solve the above technical problems.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing an electrode assembly, comprising: providing a containing box, wherein the containing box is provided with a plurality of containing holes extending along a first direction, the plurality of the containing holes are connected, and the containing The box is also provided with a through hole extending along the second direction, and the through hole communicates with each of the accommodating holes; inserting a plurality of electrode wires into the plurality of accommodating holes along the first direction , wherein a plurality of the electrode wires correspond to a plurality of the accommodating holes one-to-one, and at least part of the structure of each electrode wire extends into the accommodating holes; The second direction is injected from the through holes into the plurality of accommodating holes, wherein the liquid first protective glue is formed into a gel-like first protective glue and then wraps the electrode wire and is inserted into the accommodating hole.
  • the structure in the accommodating hole, the electrode wire and the gel-like first protective glue covering the electrode wire form the electrode assembly.
  • the accommodating box includes a first sub-box and a second sub-box, the first sub-box is rotatably connected with the second sub-box, the first sub-box is provided with a first sub-hole, the first sub-box is The two sub-boxes are provided with a second sub-hole, and when the first sub-box and the second sub-box are covered, the first sub-hole communicates with the second sub-hole to form the accommodating hole;
  • the first sub-box is provided with the through hole, and the through hole communicates with the first sub-hole.
  • the electrode wire includes a connecting segment and an implanted segment connected with the connecting segment, and the implanted segment is inserted into the accommodating hole; the gel-like first protective glue is wrapped around the implanted segment.
  • the preparation method further includes: wrapping a second protective glue on the connecting section.
  • the material of the first protective adhesive is polydimethylsiloxane
  • the material of the second protective adhesive is epoxy resin
  • the diameter of the electrode wire is less than or equal to 25 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the electrode wire is platinum-iridium alloy wire or nickel-chromium alloy wire.
  • the present invention provides a preparation device for an electrode assembly, comprising: an accommodating box, the accommodating box is provided with a plurality of accommodating holes extending along a first direction, the plurality of the accommodating holes are connected, and the plurality of the accommodating holes are connected.
  • the holes are used for inserting a plurality of electrode wires along the first direction;
  • the accommodating box is further provided with through holes extending along the second direction, the through holes are communicated with each of the accommodating holes, the The through holes are used for injecting the liquid first protective glue into the plurality of accommodating holes along the second direction.
  • the present invention provides a photoelectrode device, comprising an adapter, and a plurality of electrode assemblies, wherein the adapter is provided with a plurality of pin headers arranged at intervals, and each of the electrode assemblies includes an electrode wire and a gelatinous
  • the first protective glue, the gel-like first protective glue coats at least part of the electrode wires, and a plurality of the electrode wires are connected to a plurality of the pin headers in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the opto-electrode device further includes an optical fiber
  • the optical fiber includes an optical fiber head and a flexible ferrule connected with the optical fiber head
  • the optical fiber head is fixed on the adapter
  • the flexible ferrule is far away from the optical fiber
  • One end of the head is fixedly connected with the electrode assembly.
  • the present invention provides an implantation method of the above-mentioned photoelectrode device, comprising: performing surgery on a target area to expose nerve tissue; implanting the electrode assembly on the nerve tissue, wherein the electrode wire is wound around the nerve tissue nerve tissue, the gel-like first protective glue is attached to the nerve tissue; the optical fiber head of the optical fiber is fixed on the adapter, and the flexible ferrule of the optical fiber is fixed on the electrode assembly superior.
  • the liquid first protective glue wraps the electrode wire contained in the accommodating hole.
  • the liquid first protective glue forms the gel-like first protective glue
  • the gel-like first protective glue The structure of covering the electrode wire is accommodated in the accommodating hole, and the electrode wire and the gel-like first protective glue covering the electrode wire form an electrode assembly.
  • the preparation method of the electrode assembly of the present application is simple, and the cost of manpower and material resources is saved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the accommodating box in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the accommodating box in FIG. 2 being opened.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a photoelectrode device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the bottom view of part A in FIG. 4 .
  • the present invention provides a preparation method of an electrode assembly, including:
  • a accommodating box 10 is provided, wherein the accommodating box 10 is provided with a plurality of accommodating holes 20 extending along the first direction X, the plurality of accommodating holes 20 are connected, and the accommodating box 10 is further provided with a The through holes 30 extending in the second direction Y are in communication with each of the accommodating holes 20 .
  • the accommodating box 10 can be printed by a 3D printer, or customized using an acrylic sheet.
  • the sum of the dimensions of the plurality of accommodating holes 20 in the first direction X may be 0.5 mm-5 mm, for example, may be 1 mm.
  • the number of the accommodating holes 20 may be 4, 8, 16 or 32 or the like.
  • the electrode wire 40 can record the electrical signal of the nerve tissue, so as to realize the cell-specific electrophysiological recording.
  • the structure of the electrode wire 40 is shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the electrode wire 40 in each accommodating hole 20 may be a plurality of sections of an electrode wire 40 after being folded, for example, may be two sections of an electrode wire 40 that are folded in half.
  • the electrode wire 40 in each accommodating hole 20 may be a whole electrode wire 40, and the electrode wire 40 is not bent.
  • the first direction X and the second direction Y are arranged at an included angle, for example, the included angle between the first direction X and the second direction Y may be 90°, or other included angles.
  • the electrode wire 40 can be completely inserted into the accommodating hole 20 , and the electrode wire 40 can also be partially inserted into the accommodating hole 20 , and the gel-like first protective glue 50 covers the structure of the electrode wire 40 inserted into the accommodating hole 20 . . That is, the gel-like first protective glue 50 may cover the entire structure of each electrode wire 40 , or the gel-like first protective glue 50 may cover part of the structure of each electrode wire 40 .
  • the gel-like first protective glues 50 of the plurality of electrode assemblies are sequentially bonded. The gel-like first protective glue 50 is shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the plurality of electrode wires 40 are inserted into the plurality of accommodating holes 20 of the accommodating box 10 along the first direction X, and the liquid first protective glue is injected along the second direction Y from the through holes 30 to the plurality of accommodating holes 20 .
  • the liquid first protective glue wraps the electrode wire 40 accommodated in the accommodating hole 20.
  • the liquid first protective glue forms the gel-like first protective glue 50
  • the The first gelatinous protective glue 50 covers the electrode wire 40 and is accommodated in the accommodating hole 20 .
  • the electrode wire 40 and the gelatinous first protective glue 50 covering the electrode wire 40 form an electrode assembly.
  • the preparation method of the electrode assembly of the present application is simple, and the cost of manpower and material resources is saved.
  • the accommodating box 10 can be left for a preset time in a preset temperature atmosphere, and a gel-like first protective glue is formed in the liquid first protective glue.
  • the electrode assembly can be taken out.
  • the temperature atmosphere in which the containing box 10 is located and the standing time can be determined according to the degree of gelation of the first protective adhesive.
  • the gel-like first protective glue 50 When the electrode assembly is implanted into the nerve tissue, the gel-like first protective glue 50 is in contact with the nerve tissue, the gel-like first protective glue 50 can be better matched with the nerve tissue, and the gel-like first protective glue 50
  • the glue 50 is not easily separated from the nerve tissue, the electrode wire 40 is not easily separated from the recording site of the nerve tissue, and the signal recorded by the electrode wire 40 is relatively stable.
  • the gel-like first protective glue 50 has elasticity and can be stretched. When the nerve tissue is deformed, the gel-like first protective glue 50 can be deformed with the deformation of the nerve tissue. It will not be detached from the nerve tissue, and the electrode assembly can be well attached to the nerve tissue.
  • the gel-like first protective glue 50 of the present application has good biocompatibility, and compared with the existing electrodes, the inflammatory response caused by long-term implantation can be significantly weakened.
  • the accommodating box 10 includes a first sub-box 101 and a second sub-box 102 , the first sub-box 101 and the second sub-box 102 are rotatably connected, and the first sub-box 101 is provided with There is a first sub-hole 201, and a second sub-hole 202 is provided on the second sub-box 102.
  • the first sub-hole 201 and the second sub-hole 202 communicate with each other to form a container.
  • the hole 20 is placed; the first sub-box 101 is provided with a through hole 30 , and the through hole 30 communicates with the first sub-hole 201 .
  • the accommodation box 10 by setting the accommodation box 10 as the first sub-box 101 and the second sub-box 102 rotatably connected, it is convenient to set the first sub-hole 201 on the first sub-box 101, and it is convenient for the second sub-box 102
  • a second sub-hole 202 is provided on the top, and the accommodating hole 20 can be formed by connecting the first sub-hole 201 and the second sub-hole 202, and the accommodating hole 20 is formed in a simple manner.
  • the electrode wire 40 includes a connecting segment 402 and an implanted segment 401 connected to the connecting segment 402, and the implanted segment 401 is inserted into the accommodating hole 20; After the first protective glue 50 is wrapped on the implanted segment 401, the preparation method further includes:
  • the second protective glue 60 is wrapped on the connecting section 402 . It can be understood that, the second protective glue 60 may be covered outside each connection section 402 , or all the connection sections 402 of the electrode wires 40 may be covered by a whole piece of the second protective glue 60 .
  • the second protective glue 60 can protect the connecting section 402 of the electrode wire 40 to prevent the connecting section 402 of the electrode wire 40 from being damaged.
  • the material of the first protective adhesive is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
  • PDMS polydimethylsiloxane
  • the gel-like polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) can be well attached to the nerve tissue and is not easy to be detached from the nerve tissue.
  • the gel-like polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has elasticity and can be pulled. When the nerve tissue is deformed, it can be deformed with the deformation of the nerve tissue, and will not be detached from the nerve tissue.
  • Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) can achieve the above-mentioned properties of the first protective glue.
  • the material of the second protective glue 60 is epoxy resin.
  • the epoxy resin can better protect the connection section 402 of the electrode wire 40 .
  • the epoxy resin can achieve the performance of the second protective adhesive 60 described above.
  • the diameter of the electrode wire 40 is less than or equal to 25 ⁇ m.
  • the electrode wire 40 with a diameter of less than or equal to 25 ⁇ m has better flexibility, can match the tensile deformation of nerve tissue, is not easy to detach from the recording site of the nerve tissue, will not repeatedly penetrate the nerve tissue, and will not cause damage to the nerve tissue. Sustained damage reduces damage to nerve tissue.
  • the diameter of the electrode wire 40 is 13 ⁇ m or 17 ⁇ m.
  • the electrode wire 40 is made of platinum-iridium alloy wire or nickel-chromium alloy wire.
  • the electrode wire 40 made of the above-mentioned materials can better realize electrical activity recording.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation device for an electrode assembly, characterized in that it includes:
  • the accommodating box 10 is provided with a plurality of accommodating holes 20 extending along the first direction X, the plurality of accommodating holes 20 are connected, and the plurality of accommodating holes 20 are used for a plurality of electrode wires 40 Insert along the first direction X.
  • the accommodating box 10 is also provided with a through hole 30 extending along the second direction Y, the through hole 30 is in communication with each accommodating hole 20, and the through hole 30 is used for the liquid first protective glue to be injected into the second direction Y along the second direction. a plurality of accommodating holes 20 .
  • the accommodating box 10 of the present application has a simple structure and is convenient to prepare.
  • the plurality of electrode wires 40 can be inserted into the plurality of accommodating holes 20 of the accommodating box 10 along the first direction X, and the liquid first protective glue can be injected along the second direction Y from the through holes 30 into the plurality of accommodating holes 20 .
  • the gel-like first protective glue 50 coats the electrode wire 40 and is accommodated in the accommodating hole 20 .
  • the gel-like first protective glue 50 of the electrode wire 40 forms an electrode assembly.
  • Using the preparation device of the present application to prepare the electrode assembly is simple and quick, and saves manpower and material costs.
  • the present application also provides a photoelectrode device, including an adapter 110 and a plurality of electrode assemblies, the adapter 110 is provided with a plurality of pin headers 120 arranged at intervals, and each electrode assembly includes an electrode wire 40 and a plurality of electrode assemblies.
  • the gel-like first protective glue 50 covers at least part of the structure of the electrode wires 40 , and the plurality of electrode wires 40 are connected to the plurality of pin headers 120 in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the above-mentioned photoelectrode device of the present application is small in size, and can not only record the electrical activity of the target brain area with a small area, but also reduce the load on the target brain area.
  • the electrode assembly has good flexibility and can move with the movement of the brain tissue, thereby reducing damage to the brain tissue.
  • the electrode assemblies can be bonded into bundles by tissue glue.
  • the electrode assembly is fixed by the tissue glue, the tissue glue is degradable in the brain tissue, the electrode assembly restores its flexibility, and can move with the movement of the brain tissue, thereby reducing damage to the brain tissue.
  • the above-mentioned photoelectrode device has a simple structure and low cost. There is no special restriction on tissue glue, as long as it meets the requirements of being suitable for implantation and degradability.
  • the number of electrode wires 40 may be 8, 16 or 32 channels. That is, the number of channels of the photoelectrode device can be 8, 16 or 32 channels. It can be understood that the experimenter can expand more electrode channels according to experimental requirements, for example, it can be expanded to 128 channels.
  • the photoelectrode device further includes an optical fiber
  • the optical fiber includes an optical fiber head 70 and a flexible ferrule 80 connected to the optical fiber head 70
  • the optical fiber head 70 is fixed on the adapter 110
  • One end of the flexible ferrule 80 away from the optical fiber head 70 is fixedly connected to the electrode assembly.
  • the flexible ferrule 80 can be bonded with the electrode assembly into a bundle by tissue glue.
  • the material of the flexible ferrule 80 may be polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
  • PDMS polydimethylsiloxane
  • the optical fiber can introduce light of a specific wavelength to inhibit or activate the neuron, and the electrode wire 40 can record the electrical signal of the inhibited or activated neuron.
  • the photoelectrode device of the present application can realize cell-specific optogenetic regulation and electrophysiological recording.
  • the present invention also provides an implantation method of the above-mentioned photoelectrode device, comprising:
  • the optical fiber head 70 of the optical fiber is fixed on the adapter 110, and the flexible ferrule 80 of the optical fiber is fixed on the electrode assembly.
  • the material of the flexible ferrule 80 may be polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
  • PDMS polydimethylsiloxane
  • the following will take the photoelectrode device with the electrode wire 40 size of 17 ⁇ m and 16 channels as an example to introduce the preparation method and implantation method of the photoelectrode device.
  • the accommodating box 10 is provided with a plurality of accommodating holes 20 in the first direction X, and the accommodating box 10 in FIGS. 2-3 is provided with eight accommodating holes 20 .
  • the first sub-box 101 is provided with two through holes 30 in the second direction Y.
  • the first sub-box 101 and the second sub-box 102 are rotatably connected.
  • first sub-box 101 and the second sub-box 102 Rotate and separate the first sub-box 101 and the second sub-box 102, take the electrode wire 40 of 17 ⁇ m, fold it in half and twist it into a double-strand spiral, prepare 8 strands (16), and pass them into the 8 containers of the container box 10 in turn.
  • the first sub-box 101 is rotated and closed on the second sub-box 102 , and the liquid polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is injected into the eight accommodating holes 20 from the two through holes 30 with a syringe. Until the eight accommodating holes 20 are filled.
  • PDMS liquid polydimethylsiloxane
  • the holding box 10 is placed at a certain temperature, such as a thermostat at 50° C., and when the PDMS is solidified into a gel, the first sub-box 101 is turned to open, and the PDMS-wrapped electrode wire 40 is taken out. Fix the other ends of the 8-strand electrode wires 40 (16 wires) to the pin headers 120 of the 32-channel adapter 110 in sequence.
  • the exposed electrode wire 40 near the pin header 120 is surrounded by epoxy glue to protect the electrode wire 40 from being damaged, and part of the structure of the end of the gel-like PDMS away from the epoxy glue is removed to expose the electrode of the electrode wire 40 site.
  • the optical fiber head 70 of the optical fiber is fixed to the adapter 110, and the fabrication of the photoelectrode device is completed.
  • the skin of the throat is cut to expose the nerve tissue, such as the vagus nerve, and the electrode wire 40 is surrounded by the vagus nerve.
  • the optical fiber is The flexible ferrule 80 is attached to the electrode wire 40, adhered with tissue glue, and finally the throat skin is sutured.

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Abstract

一种电极组件的制备方法及装置、光电极装置及其植入方法。电极组件的制备方法包括：提供容纳盒（10），其中，容纳盒（10）上设有沿第一方向（X）延伸的多个容置孔（20），多个容置孔（20）连通，容纳盒（10）上还设有沿第二方向（Y）延伸的通孔（30），通孔（30）与每个容置孔（20）均连通（S1）；将多个电极丝（40）沿着第一方向（X）插入多个容置孔（20）内，其中，多个电极丝（40）与多个容置孔（20）一一对应，每个电极丝（40）的至少部分结构伸入容置孔（20）内（S2）；将液态的第一保护胶沿着第二方向（Y）从通孔（30）注射到多个容置孔（20）内，其中，液态的第一保护胶形成凝胶状的第一保护胶（50）后包覆电极丝（40）插入在容置孔（20）内的结构，电极丝（40）与包覆电极丝（40）的凝胶状的第一保护胶（50）形成电极组件（S3）。该电极组件的制备方法简单，节约人力物力成本。

Description

电极组件的制备方法及装置、光电极装置及其植入方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电极技术领域，特别涉及一种电极组件的制备方法及装置、光电极装置及其植入方法。
 背景技术
在神经系统中，大量的神经元之间不断产生和传递电生理信号以实现不同脑区与神经元之间的信息交流。电生理技术由于其高时空分辨率的记录优势已成为研究神经元活动进而研究神经环路功能非常重要的工具。在过去的几十年中，记录电极的发展取得了一系列重大的突破，这些成果直接对神经科学的研究产生了深远的影响，并迅速带动了包括能更好的区分神经元类型的四电极、分布于不同深度的记录位点的密歇根微电极以及大范围记录位点的犹他微电极阵列等各种新型电极阵列的发展。
然而，目前常用电极的质地比较硬，无法与神经组织的形变相匹配，会对神经组织造成持续的伤害。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种电极组件的制备方法及装置、光电极装置及其植入方法，以解决上述技术问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明提供一种电极组件的制备方法，包括：提供容纳盒，其中，所述容纳盒上设有沿第一方向延伸的多个容置孔，多个所述容置孔连通，所述容纳盒上还设有沿第二方向延伸的通孔，所述通孔与每个所述容置孔均连通；将多个电极丝沿着所述第一方向插入多个所述容置孔内，其中，多个所述电极丝与多个所述容置孔一一对应，每个所述电极丝的至少部分结构伸入所述容置孔内；将液态的第一保护胶沿着所述第二方向从所述通孔注射到多个所述容置孔内，其中，液态的所述第一保护胶形成凝胶状的所述第一保护胶后包覆所述电极丝插入在所述容置孔内的结构，电极丝与包覆所述电极丝的凝胶状的所述第一保护胶形成所述电极组件。
其中，所述容纳盒包括第一子盒和第二子盒，所述第一子盒与所述第二子盒转动连接，所述第一子盒上设有第一子孔，所述第二子盒上设有第二子孔，所述第一子盒与所述第二子盒盖合时，所述第一子孔与所述第二子孔连通形成所述容置孔；所述第一子盒上设有所述通孔，所述通孔与所述第一子孔连通。
其中，所述电极丝包括连接段以及与所述连接段连接的植入段，所述植入段插入所述容置孔内；在凝胶状的所述第一保护胶包裹在所述植入段上之后，所述制备方法还包括：在所述连接段上包裹第二保护胶。
其中，所述第一保护胶的材质为聚二甲基硅氧烷，所述第二保护胶的材质为环氧树脂。
其中，所述电极丝的直径小于等于25μm。
其中，所述电极丝的材质为铂铱合金丝或镍铬合金丝。
本发明提供一种电极组件的制备装置，包括：容纳盒，所述容纳盒上设有沿第一方向延伸的多个容置孔，多个所述容置孔连通，多个所述容置孔用于多个电极丝沿着所述第一方向插入；所述容纳盒上还设有沿第二方向延伸的通孔，所述通孔与每个所述容置孔均连通，所述通孔用于液态的第一保护胶沿着所述第二方向注射到多个所述容置孔内。
本发明提供一种光电极装置，包括转接头、与多个电极组件，所述转接头上设有多个间隔设置的排针，每个所述电极组件包括电极丝与凝胶状的所述第一保护胶，凝胶状的所述第一保护胶包覆至少部分的所述电极丝,多个所述电极丝与多个所述排针一一对应连接。
其中，所述光电极装置还包括光纤，所述光纤包括光纤头以及与所述光纤头连接的柔性插芯，所述光纤头固定在所述转接头上，所述柔性插芯远离所述光纤头的一端与所述电极组件固定连接。
本发明提供一种上述光电极装置的植入方法，包括：对目标区域进行手术，以露出神经组织；将所述电极组件植入到所述神经组织上，其中，所述电极丝缠绕所述神经组织，凝胶状的所述第一保护胶贴附在所述神经组织上；将光纤的光纤头固定在所述转接头上，以及将所述光纤的柔性插芯固定在所述电极组件上。
 有益效果
综上所述，本申请通过将多个电极丝沿着第一方向插入容纳盒的多个容置孔，以及将液态的第一保护胶沿着第二方向从通孔注射到多个容置孔内，液态的第一保护胶包覆容置在容置孔内的电极丝的结构，在液态的第一保护胶形成凝胶状的第一保护胶时，凝胶状的第一保护胶包覆电极丝容置在容置孔内的结构，电极丝与包覆电极丝的凝胶状的第一保护胶形成电极组件。本申请的电极组件的制备方法简单，节约人力物力成本。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的电极组件的制备方法的流程示意图。
图2是图1中的容纳盒的结构示意图。
图3是图2中的容纳盒打开的结构示意图。
图4是本发明实施例提供的光电极装置的结构示意图。
图5是图4中的A部分仰视图的放大结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1，本发明提供一种电极组件的制备方法，包括：
S1，请参阅图2，提供容纳盒10，其中，容纳盒10上设有沿第一方向X延伸的多个容置孔20，多个容置孔20连通，容纳盒10上还设有沿第二方向Y延伸的通孔30，通孔30与每个容置孔20均连通。可以理解的是，容纳盒10可以用3D打印机打印而成，或者使用亚克力板定制。多个容置孔20在第一方向X上的尺寸之和可以为0.5mm-5mm，如可以为1mm。容置孔20的个数可以为4个、8个、16个或者32个等。第二方向Y上的通孔30至少为1个，如可以为2个、3个、4个等。
S2，将多个电极丝40沿着第一方向X插入多个容置孔20内，其中，多个电极丝40与多个容置孔20一一对应，每个电极丝40的至少部分结构伸入容置孔20内。可以理解的是，电极丝40可以记录神经组织的电信号，实现细胞特异性的电生理记录。电极丝40的结构在图4中示出。每个容置孔20内的电极丝40可以为一个电极丝40弯折后的多段，如可以为一个电极丝40对折后的2段。或者，每个容置孔20内的电极丝40可以为一整个电极丝40，电极丝40不弯折。
S3，将液态的第一保护胶沿着第二方向Y从通孔30注射到多个容置孔20内，其中，液态的第一保护胶形成凝胶状的第一保护胶50后包覆电极丝40插入在容置孔20内的结构，电极丝40与包覆电极丝40的凝胶状的第一保护胶50形成电极组件。可以理解的是，第一方向X与第二方向Y之间呈夹角设置，如第一方向X与第二方向Y之间的夹角可以为90°，或者其他夹角。电极丝40可以全部插入容置孔20内，电极丝40也可以部分结构插入容置孔20内，凝胶状的第一保护胶50包覆插入在容置孔20内的电极丝40的结构。即凝胶状的第一保护胶50可以包覆每个电极丝40全部结构，或者凝胶状的第一保护胶50可以包覆每个电极丝40的部分结构。多个电极组件的凝胶状的第一保护胶50依次粘接。凝胶状的第一保护胶50在图4中示出。
本申请中，通过将多个电极丝40沿着第一方向X插入容纳盒10的多个容置孔20，以及将液态的第一保护胶沿着第二方向Y从通孔30注射到多个容置孔20内，液态的第一保护胶包覆容置在容置孔20内的电极丝40的结构，在液态的第一保护胶形成凝胶状的第一保护胶50时，凝胶状的第一保护胶50包覆电极丝40容置在容置孔20内的结构，电极丝40与包覆电极丝40的凝胶状的第一保护胶50形成电极组件。本申请的电极组件的制备方法简单，节约人力物力成本。可以理解的是，在容纳盒10内注入液态的第一保护胶后，可以将容纳盒10在预设的温度氛围中静置预设时间，在液态的第一保护胶形成凝胶状的第一保护胶50后，可以将电极组件取出。容纳盒10所在的温度氛围与静置的时间可以根据需要第一保护胶需要凝胶化的程度确定。
在电极组件植入到神经组织内时，凝胶状的第一保护胶50与神经组织接触，凝胶状的第一保护胶50可以与神经组织较好地匹配，凝胶状的第一保护胶50不容易与神经组织脱离，电极丝40不容易与神经组织的记录位点脱离，电极丝40记录的信号比较稳定。凝胶状的第一保护胶50具有弹性，可以拉伸，在神经组织形变时，凝胶状的第一保护胶50可以随着神经组织的形变而形变，凝胶状的第一保护胶50不会从神经组织上脱离，电极组件能够很好的贴附在神经组织上。这解决了现有电极的质地比较硬，无法与神经组织的形变相匹配，会对神经组织造成持续的伤害的技术问题。本申请的凝胶状的第一保护胶50生物相容性较好，与现有电极相比，长期植入后能明显减弱引起的炎症反应。
请参阅图3，在一个具体的实施例中，容纳盒10包括第一子盒101和第二子盒102，第一子盒101与第二子盒102转动连接，第一子盒101上设有第一子孔201，第二子盒102上设有第二子孔202，第一子盒101与第二子盒102盖合时，第一子孔201与第二子孔202连通形成容置孔20；第一子盒101上设有通孔30，通孔30与第一子孔201连通。
本申请中，通过将容纳盒10设置为第一子盒101和的第二子盒102转动连接，方便于在第一子盒101上设置第一子孔201，方便于在第二子盒102上设置第二子孔202，容置孔20可以通过第一子孔201和第二子孔202连通形成，容置孔20的形成方式简单。
请参阅图4-图5，在一个具体的实施例中，电极丝40包括连接段402以及与连接段402连接的植入段401，植入段401插入容置孔20内；在凝胶状的第一保护胶50包裹在植入段401上之后，制备方法还包括：
在连接段402上包裹第二保护胶60。可以理解的是，可以在每个连接段402外包覆第二保护胶60，也可以通过一整块第二保护胶60包覆全部电极丝40的连接段402。第二保护胶60可以保护电极丝40的连接段402，以避免电极丝40的连接段402受到损坏。
在一个具体的实施例中，第一保护胶的材质为聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）。凝胶状的聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）可以与神经组织较好的贴附，不容易与神经组织脱离，凝胶状的聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）具有弹性，可以拉伸，在神经组织形变时，可以随着神经组织的形变而形变，不会从神经组织上脱离。聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）可以实现上述第一保护胶的性能。
在一个具体的实施例中，第二保护胶60的材质为环氧树脂。环氧树脂可以较好地保护电极丝40的连接段402。环氧树脂可以实现上述第二保护胶60的性能。
在一个具体的实施例中，电极丝40的直径小于等于25μm。直径小于等于25μm的电极丝40的柔性较好，可以与神经组织的拉伸形变相匹配，不容易与神经组织的记录位点脱离，不会反复穿透神经组织，不会对其神经组织造成持续的伤害，减少了对神经组织的损伤。可选地，电极丝40的直径为13μm或者17μm。
在一个具体的实施例中，电极丝40的材质为铂铱合金丝或者镍铬合金丝。上述材质的电极丝40可以较好地实现电活动记录。
本发明还提供一种电极组件的制备装置，其特征在于，包括：
请参阅图2，容纳盒10，容纳盒10上设有沿第一方向X延伸的多个容置孔20，多个容置孔20连通，多个容置孔20用于多个电极丝40沿着第一方向X插入。
容纳盒10上还设有沿第二方向Y延伸的通孔30，通孔30与每个容置孔20均连通，通孔30用于液态的第一保护胶沿着第二方向Y注射到多个容置孔20内。
本申请的容纳盒10结构简单，方便制备。多个电极丝40可以沿着第一方向X插入容纳盒10的多个容置孔20，液态的第一保护胶可以沿着第二方向Y从通孔30注射到多个容置孔20内。在液态的第一保护胶形成凝胶状的第一保护胶50时，凝胶状的第一保护胶50包覆电极丝40容置在容置孔20内的结构，电极丝40与包覆电极丝40的凝胶状的第一保护胶50形成电极组件。使用本申请的制备装置制备电极组件，简单快捷，节约人力物力成本。
请继续参阅图4，本申请还提供一种光电极装置，包括转接头110与多个电极组件，转接头110上设有多个间隔设置的排针120，每个电极组件包括电极丝40与凝胶状的第一保护胶50，凝胶状的第一保护胶50至少包覆电极丝40的部分结构,多个电极丝40与多个排针120一一对应连接。
本申请的上述光电极装置，体积小，不仅可以记录面积小的目标脑区的电活动，而且能够减轻目标脑区上的负重。本电极组件柔性好，可以跟随脑组织的移动而移动，减少对脑组织的损伤。
可以理解的是，电极组件可以通过组织胶粘接成束。通过组织胶对电极组件进行固定，组织胶在脑组织内可降解，电极组件恢复其柔性程度，可以跟随脑组织的移动而移动，减少对脑组织的损伤。同时，上述光电极装置结构简单，成本低廉。对组织胶没有特别限制，符合适用于植入、可降解要求即可。
可以理解的是，电极丝40的个数可以为8、16或者32通道。即光电极装置的通道数可以为8、16或者32通道。可以理解，实验人员可根据实验需求扩充更多的电极通道数，例如可扩充至128通道。
请参阅图4-图5，在一个具体的实施例中，光电极装置还包括光纤，光纤包括光纤头70以及与光纤头70连接的柔性插芯80，光纤头70固定在转接头110上，柔性插芯80远离光纤头70的一端与电极组件固定连接。可以理解的是，柔性插芯80可以与电极组件通过组织胶粘接成束。柔性插芯80的材质可以为聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）。可以理解的是，光纤可以导入特定波长的光使神经元被抑制，或者被激活，电极丝40可以记录被抑制或者被激活的神经元的电信号。从而，本申请的光电极装置可以实现细胞特异性的光遗传调控和电生理记录。
本发明还提供一种上述光电极装置的植入方法，包括：
对目标区域进行手术，以露出神经组织；
将电极组件植入到神经组织上，其中，电极丝40缠绕神经组织，凝胶状的第一保护胶50贴附在神经组织上；
将光纤的光纤头70固定在转接头110上，以及将光纤的柔性插芯80固定在电极组件上。柔性插芯80的材质可以为聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）。本申请的光电极装置的植入方法简单，易于实现，稳定性好。
如下将以所用电极丝40尺寸为17μm，16通道的光电极装置为例，介绍此光电极装置的制备方法和植入方法。
如图2-图3所示，该容纳盒10在第一方向X上设有多个容置孔20，在图2-图3中的容纳盒10上设有8个容置孔20。第一子盒101在第二方向Y上设有2个通孔30。第一子盒101和第二子盒102转动连接。
将第一子盒101和第二子盒102转动分离，取17μm的电极丝40，对折拧成双股螺旋状，制备8股（16根），依次穿入到容纳盒10的8个容置孔20中，第一子盒101转动盖合在第二子盒102上，用注射器将液态状的聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）从2个通孔30中注入8个容置孔20直至8个容置孔20被充满。将容纳盒10放置到一定温度，如50℃的恒温箱中静置，待PDMS固化成凝胶状时，将第一子盒101转动打开，将PDMS包裹的电极丝40取出。将8股电极丝40（16根）的另一端依次固定到32通道转接头110的排针120上。利用环氧树脂胶将排针120附近暴露在外的电极丝40包围以保护电极丝40不受到损坏，将凝胶状的PDMS的远离环氧树脂胶的一端去除部分结构，暴露电极丝40的电极位点。最后将光纤的光纤头70固定到转接头110上，光电极装置制作完成。
当需要将光电极装置植入到实验动物的神经组织，如迷走神经上时，剪开喉部皮肤，暴露出神经组织，如迷走神经，将电极丝40围绕迷走神经，电极丝40固定好后，将光纤的柔性插芯80贴附在电极丝40上，用组织胶水粘牢，最后将喉部皮肤缝合。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分流程，并依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属于发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电极组件的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
    提供容纳盒，其中，所述容纳盒上设有沿第一方向延伸的多个容置孔，多个所述容置孔连通，所述容纳盒上还设有沿第二方向延伸的通孔，所述通孔与每个所述容置孔均连通；
    将多个电极丝沿着所述第一方向插入多个所述容置孔内，其中，多个所述电极丝与多个所述容置孔一一对应，每个所述电极丝的至少部分结构伸入所述容置孔内；
    将液态的第一保护胶沿着所述第二方向从所述通孔注射到多个所述容置孔内，其中，液态的所述第一保护胶形成凝胶状的所述第一保护胶后包覆所述电极丝插入在所述容置孔内的结构，电极丝与包覆所述电极丝的凝胶状的所述第一保护胶形成所述电极组件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述容纳盒包括第一子盒和第二子盒，所述第一子盒与所述第二子盒转动连接，所述第一子盒上设有第一子孔，所述第二子盒上设有第二子孔，所述第一子盒与所述第二子盒盖合时，所述第一子孔与所述第二子孔连通形成所述容置孔；所述第一子盒上设有所述通孔，所述通孔与所述第一子孔连通。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述电极丝包括连接段以及与所述连接段连接的植入段，所述植入段插入所述容置孔内；在凝胶状的所述第一保护胶包裹在所述植入段上之后，所述制备方法还包括：
    在所述连接段上包裹第二保护胶。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述第一保护胶的材质为聚二甲基硅氧烷，所述第二保护胶的材质为环氧树脂。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光电极装置，其特征在于，所述电极丝的直径小于等于25μm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光电极装置，其特征在于，所述电极丝的材质为铂铱合金丝或镍铬合金丝。
  7. 一种电极组件的制备装置，其特征在于，包括：
    容纳盒，所述容纳盒上设有沿第一方向延伸的多个容置孔，多个所述容置孔连通，多个所述容置孔用于多个电极丝沿着所述第一方向插入；
    所述容纳盒上还设有沿第二方向延伸的通孔，所述通孔与每个所述容置孔均连通，所述通孔用于液态的第一保护胶沿着所述第二方向注射到多个所述容置孔内。
  8. 一种光电极装置，其特征在于，包括转接头与多个电极组件，所述转接头上设有多个间隔设置的排针，每个所述电极组件包括电极丝与凝胶状的所述第一保护胶，凝胶状的所述第一保护胶包覆至少部分的所述电极丝,多个所述电极丝与多个所述排针一一对应连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的光电极装置，其特征在于，所述光电极装置还包括光纤，所述光纤包括光纤头以及与所述光纤头连接的柔性插芯，所述光纤头固定在所述转接头上，所述柔性插芯远离所述光纤头的一端与所述电极组件固定连接。
  10. 一种如权利要求8所述的光电极装置的植入方法，其特征在于，包括：
    对目标区域进行手术，以露出神经组织；
    将所述电极组件植入到所述神经组织上，其中，所述电极丝缠绕所述神经组织，凝胶状的所述第一保护胶贴附在所述神经组织上；
    将光纤的光纤头固定在所述转接头上，以及将所述光纤的柔性插芯固定在所述电极组件上。
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