WO2022213326A1 - 一种数据接收方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种数据接收方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022213326A1
WO2022213326A1 PCT/CN2021/085983 CN2021085983W WO2022213326A1 WO 2022213326 A1 WO2022213326 A1 WO 2022213326A1 CN 2021085983 W CN2021085983 W CN 2021085983W WO 2022213326 A1 WO2022213326 A1 WO 2022213326A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
constellation
data
indication information
terminal device
constellation diagram
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PCT/CN2021/085983
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭森宝
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/085983 priority Critical patent/WO2022213326A1/zh
Publication of WO2022213326A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022213326A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a data receiving method and apparatus.
  • MIMO multiple input multiple output
  • ZF zero forcing
  • MMSE minimum mean square error
  • the SNR of the terminal equipment will be reduced, especially when the users are not uniformly distributed and the channel matrices of the multi-users are highly correlated, the SNR reduction of the terminal equipment is more obvious.
  • nonlinear precoding algorithms such as the Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) algorithm and the vector perturbation (VP) algorithm.
  • THP Tomlinson-Harashima precoding
  • VP vector perturbation
  • the network device uses the nonlinear precoding algorithm to precode the data, it involves a modulo operation on the data.
  • the terminal device receives the data it also involves a modulo operation on the data. If the data symbol sent by the network device is at the edge of its corresponding constellation diagram, then affected by noise, after the terminal device performs the modulo operation, the received symbol will fall into the judgment area of another constellation point, resulting in the reception of the received symbol. The symbol judgment is wrong, so that the data demodulation is wrong, that is, the bit error rate of the terminal equipment for data reception is high, so that the receiving performance of the terminal equipment is still poor.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a data receiving method and apparatus, which are beneficial to improve the receiving performance of a terminal device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a data receiving method.
  • the method can be applied to a terminal device, and the method includes: receiving first indication information from a network device, where the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to receive first data based on a first constellation map, the first constellation map is in the second A constellation diagram obtained by adding multiple second constellation points to the constellation diagram, where the second constellation diagram is a constellation diagram corresponding to the first data sent by the network device to the terminal device; thus, the first data is received based on the first constellation diagram.
  • the terminal device no longer receives the first data only according to the first constellation point in the second constellation diagram, but is composed of multiple first constellation points and multiple second constellation points.
  • the first constellation diagram receives the first data, thereby helping to reduce the probability of misjudgment of the received symbol corresponding to the first data caused by the terminal device performing the modulo operation, that is, reducing the bit error rate of the terminal device receiving the first data, and improving the terminal device.
  • the reception performance of the device is performed by the terminal device performing the modulo operation, that is, reducing the bit error rate of the terminal device receiving the first data, and improving the terminal device.
  • the method before receiving the first data based on the first constellation diagram, the method further includes: adding a plurality of first constellation points in the second constellation diagram based on the distance between two adjacent first constellation points in the second constellation diagram. Two constellation points, get the first constellation map. That is, the terminal device may obtain the first constellation map in advance according to the second constellation map before receiving the first data, so that the terminal device may receive the first data based on the first constellation map.
  • the above-mentioned receiving the first data based on the first constellation diagram includes: calculating the likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to the first data based on the first constellation point and the second constellation point in the first constellation diagram, The first data is then received based on the LLR.
  • the error of the LLR value obtained in this implementation manner is small, thereby reducing the probability of misjudgment of the received symbol corresponding to the first data caused by the terminal equipment performing the modulo operation, and improving the receiving performance of the terminal equipment.
  • the above-mentioned calculation of the likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to the first data based on the first constellation point and the second constellation point in the first constellation diagram includes: based on the two constellations in the first constellation diagram. point and the demodulation mode corresponding to the first data, and calculate the likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to the first data.
  • the terminal device no longer obtains the LLR corresponding to the first data based on two or more first constellation points in the second constellation diagram, but based on two constellation points in the first constellation diagram
  • the LLR corresponding to the first data is obtained by calculating and the demodulation mode of the first data, so that the complexity of the terminal device can be reduced.
  • calculating the likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to the first data based on the two constellation points in the first constellation diagram and the demodulation mode of the first data includes: The distance between the first constellation points and the distance between the second constellation points, and the demodulation mode of the first data, determine the first threshold value; then obtain after equalization according to the first threshold value and the received symbols corresponding to the first data The first value of , calculates the likelihood ratio LLR of the received symbol.
  • this implementation method calculates the LLR value based on the first threshold value determined by the first constellation point and the second constellation point, thereby reducing the complexity of the terminal device.
  • the distance between the second constellation points is equal to the distance between the first constellation points.
  • the distance between the second constellation points and the distance between the first constellation points are not equal.
  • the first indication information is carried in one of the following signaling: radio resource control RRC signaling, downlink control information DCI signaling, and medium access control MAC layer signaling. That is, the terminal device may receive the first indication information through RRC signaling, DCI signaling, or MAC signaling.
  • the terminal device may further decode the channel for transmitting the first data, so as to realize the reception of the first data.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide another data receiving method, which can also be applied to a terminal device.
  • the second indication information from the network device is received, and the second indication information is used to indicate the search space corresponding to the disturbance vector used by the terminal device when receiving the first data; thus, the first data is received based on the disturbance vector determined in the search space. data.
  • the disturbance vector used by the terminal device when receiving the first data is determined based on the search space indicated by the network device, thereby reducing the complexity of determining the disturbance vector by the terminal device, thereby helping to improve the performance of the terminal device. Receive performance.
  • the search space is indicated by the value of the first parameter, or indicated by the index corresponding to the first parameter.
  • the second indication information may be the value of the first parameter, and the terminal device may directly determine the search space of the disturbance vector through the value of the first parameter, thereby reducing the complexity of the terminal device.
  • the second indication information may also be an index corresponding to the first parameter, and the value of the first parameter corresponding to the index is used to indicate the search space of the disturbance vector, which is beneficial to reduce signaling overhead of the network device.
  • the method further includes: receiving third indication information from the network device, The indication information is used to indicate the value range of the first parameter. Therefore, after receiving the index corresponding to the first parameter indicated by the network device, the terminal device can determine the value of the first parameter in the value range of the first parameter.
  • the value range of the first parameter is predefined by the network device.
  • the second indication information is determined according to the symbol of the first data.
  • the second indication information is carried in radio resource control RRC signaling or downlink control information DCI.
  • the third indication information is carried in downlink control information DCI signaling or medium access control MAC layer signaling.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide another data receiving method.
  • the data receiving method of this aspect corresponds to the data receiving method described in the first aspect, and the data receiving method of this aspect can be applied to a network device.
  • the method includes: determining first indication information; the first indication information is used to instruct a terminal device to receive first data based on a first constellation; the first constellation is a constellation obtained by adding a plurality of second constellation points in the second constellation.
  • the second constellation diagram is the constellation diagram corresponding to the first data sent by the network device to the terminal device; and then the first indication information is sent to the terminal device.
  • the network device instructs the terminal device to receive the first data based on the first constellation point and the second constellation point in the first constellation diagram by sending the first indication information to the terminal device, thereby helping to reduce the number of terminals
  • the modulo operation performed by the device results in a probability of misjudgment of the received symbol corresponding to the first data, that is, it is beneficial to reduce the bit error rate of the first data received by the terminal device and improve the reception performance of the terminal device.
  • the first indication information is carried in one of the following signaling: radio resource control RRC signaling, downlink control information DCI signaling, and medium access control MAC layer signaling. That is, the network device may send the first indication information to the terminal device through RRC signaling, DCI signaling, or MAC layer signaling.
  • the distance between the second constellation points is equal to the distance between the first constellation points.
  • the distance between the second constellation points and the distance between the first constellation points are not equal.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide another data receiving method.
  • the data receiving method of this aspect corresponds to the data receiving method described in the second aspect, and the data receiving method of this aspect can also be applied to a network device.
  • the method includes: determining second indication information; the second indication information is used to indicate a search space corresponding to a disturbance vector used by a terminal device when receiving the first data; and sending the second indication information to the terminal device.
  • the network device informs the terminal device of the search space corresponding to the perturbation vector used by the terminal device when receiving the first data through the second indication information, so that the terminal device can receive the first data according to the perturbation vector determined by the search space. It is beneficial to reduce the complexity of the terminal equipment, and further help to improve the receiving performance of the terminal equipment.
  • the search space is indicated by the value of the first parameter, or indicated by the index corresponding to the first parameter.
  • the second indication information may be the value of the first parameter, and the network device may directly inform the terminal device of the search space of the disturbance vector through the value of the first parameter, thereby helping to reduce the complexity of the terminal device.
  • the second indication information may also be an index corresponding to the first parameter, and the value of the first parameter corresponding to the index is used to indicate the search space of the disturbance vector, which is beneficial to reduce the signaling overhead of the network device.
  • the method further includes: sending third indication information to the terminal device, where the third indication information is used for Indicates the value range of the first parameter. Therefore, it is helpful for the terminal device to determine the value of the first parameter within the value range of the first parameter after receiving the index corresponding to the first parameter indicated by the network device.
  • the value range of the first parameter is predefined by the network device.
  • the second indication information is determined according to the symbol of the first data.
  • the second indication information is carried in radio resource control RRC signaling or downlink control information DCI signaling.
  • the third indication information is carried in downlink control information DCI signaling or medium access control MAC layer signaling.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device.
  • the communication device has part or all of the functions of the terminal device described in the first aspect above, or the communication device has part or all of the functions of the terminal device described in the second aspect above, or the communication device has the function of realizing the third aspect.
  • Part or all of the functions of the network device described above, or the communication device has part or all of the functions of the network device described in the fourth aspect above.
  • the functions of the communication apparatus may have the functions of some or all of the embodiments of the terminal device in this application, and may also have the functions of independently implementing any one of the embodiments of this application.
  • the functions can be implemented by hardware, or can be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more units or modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the structure of the communication device may include a processing unit and a communication unit, and the processing unit is configured to support the communication device to perform the corresponding functions in the above method.
  • the communication unit is used to support communication between the communication device and other communication devices.
  • the communication device may also include a storage unit for coupling with the processing unit and the communication unit, which stores program instructions and data necessary for the communication device.
  • the communication device includes:
  • the communication unit is used to receive the first indication information from the network device; the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to receive the first data based on the first constellation diagram; the first constellation diagram is to add a plurality of second constellation diagrams to the second constellation diagram The constellation diagram obtained by the constellation point; the second constellation diagram is the constellation diagram corresponding to the first data sent by the network device to the terminal device;
  • the processing unit is further configured to receive the first data based on the first constellation.
  • the communication device includes:
  • a communication unit configured to receive second indication information from the network device, where the second indication information is used to indicate the search space corresponding to the disturbance vector used by the terminal device when receiving the first data;
  • the processing unit is further configured to receive the first data based on the disturbance vector determined in the search space.
  • the communication device includes:
  • the processing unit is used to determine the first indication information; the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to receive the first data based on the first constellation diagram; the first constellation diagram is obtained by adding a plurality of second constellation points in the second constellation diagram A constellation diagram; the second constellation diagram is a constellation diagram corresponding to the first data sent by the network device to the terminal device;
  • the communication unit is configured to send the first indication information to the terminal device.
  • the communication device includes:
  • a processing unit configured to determine second indication information; the second indication information is used to indicate the search space corresponding to the disturbance vector adopted by the terminal device when receiving the first data;
  • the communication unit is used for sending the second indication information to the terminal device.
  • the communication unit may be a transceiver or an interface
  • the storage unit may be a memory
  • the processing unit may be a processor
  • the communication device includes:
  • the transceiver is used to receive the first indication information from the network device; the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to receive the first data based on the first constellation diagram; the first constellation diagram is to add a plurality of second constellation diagrams to the second constellation diagram The constellation diagram obtained by the constellation point; the second constellation diagram is the constellation diagram corresponding to the first data sent by the network device to the terminal device;
  • the processor is further configured to receive the first data based on the first constellation.
  • the communication device includes:
  • a transceiver configured to receive second indication information from the network device, where the second indication information is used to indicate the search space corresponding to the disturbance vector used by the terminal device when receiving the first data;
  • the processor is further configured to receive the first data based on the disturbance vector determined in the search space.
  • the communication device includes:
  • the processor is used to determine the first indication information; the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to receive the first data based on the first constellation diagram; the first constellation diagram is obtained by adding a plurality of second constellation points in the second constellation diagram A constellation diagram; the second constellation diagram is a constellation diagram corresponding to the first data sent by the network device to the terminal device;
  • the transceiver is configured to send the first indication information to the terminal device.
  • the communication device includes:
  • a processor configured to determine second indication information; the second indication information is used to indicate the search space corresponding to the disturbance vector adopted by the terminal device when receiving the first data;
  • the transceiver is configured to send the second indication information to the terminal device.
  • the communication apparatus may be a communication device, such as a terminal device or a network device, or a chip system.
  • the processor may be used to perform, for example but not limited to, baseband related processing
  • the transceiver may be used to perform, for example but not limited to, radio frequency transceiving.
  • the above-mentioned devices may be respectively arranged on chips that are independent of each other, or at least part or all of them may be arranged on the same chip.
  • processors can be further divided into analog baseband processors and digital baseband processors. Among them, the analog baseband processor can be integrated with the transceiver on the same chip, and the digital baseband processor can be set on a separate chip.
  • a digital baseband processor can be integrated with a variety of application processors (such as but not limited to graphics processors, multimedia processors, etc.) on the same chip.
  • application processors such as but not limited to graphics processors, multimedia processors, etc.
  • Such a chip may be referred to as a system on chip. Whether each device is independently arranged on different chips or integrated on one or more chips often depends on the needs of product design.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the implementation form of the foregoing device.
  • the chip system When the communication device is a chip system, the chip system includes a processor and an interface, the interface is used to obtain a program or an instruction, and the processor is used to call the program or instruction to implement or support the terminal device to implement the first aspect.
  • the related functions, or the processor is used to call the program or instruction to implement or support the terminal device to implement the function related to the second aspect, the processor is used to call the program or instruction to implement or support the network device to implement
  • the processor is configured to invoke the program or instructions to implement or support the network device to implement the functions involved in the fourth aspect. For example, at least one of the data and information involved in the above method is determined or processed.
  • the chip system further includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data of the terminal.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the present application further provides a processor for executing the above-mentioned various methods.
  • the process of sending and receiving the above-mentioned information in the above-mentioned methods can be understood as the process of outputting the above-mentioned information by the processor and the process of receiving the above-mentioned information input by the processor.
  • the processor When outputting the above-mentioned information, the processor outputs the above-mentioned information to the transceiver for transmission by the transceiver. After the above-mentioned information is output by the processor, other processing may be required before reaching the transceiver.
  • the transceiver receives the above-mentioned information and inputs it into the processor. Furthermore, after the transceiver receives the above-mentioned information, the above-mentioned information may need to perform other processing before being input to the processor.
  • receiving the first indication information mentioned in the foregoing method may be understood as inputting the first indication information by the processor.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a processor specially used to execute these methods, or may be a processor that executes computer instructions in a memory to execute these methods, such as a general-purpose processor.
  • the above-mentioned memory can be a non-transitory (non-transitory) memory, such as a read-only memory (read only memory, ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be set on different chips respectively.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • the present application further provides a communication system, the system includes at least one terminal device and at least one network device according to the above aspects.
  • the system may further include other devices that interact with the terminal device or the network device in the solution provided in this application.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer software instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a communication device, the method described in any one of the above-mentioned first to fourth aspects is implemented .
  • the present application further provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method described in any one of the first to fourth aspects above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a constellation diagram under a QPSK modulation mode provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a THP algorithm provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is the simulation schematic diagram of a kind of ZF algorithm and THP algorithm provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • 5 is a constellation diagram under another QPSK modulation mode provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a VP algorithm provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of user distribution provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a trend diagram between a user distribution and the receiving performance of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a data receiving method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a first constellation diagram and a second constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is another first constellation diagram and a second constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a constellation diagram under another QPSK modulation mode provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 15 is a schematic flowchart of another data receiving method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is a search range of a disturbance vector provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 17 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of another ZF algorithm and a THP algorithm provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of a ZF algorithm and a VP algorithm provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems.
  • the fourth generation mobile communication (4th-generation, 4G) system the fifth generation mobile communication (5th-generation, 5G) system, the sixth generation mobile communication (6th-generation, 6G) system, and with the continuous development of communication technology
  • the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application may also be used in a subsequently evolved communication system, such as a seventh-generation mobile communication (7th-generation, 7G) system and the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system may include, but is not limited to, a network device and a terminal device.
  • the number and form of devices shown in FIG. 1 are used as examples and do not constitute limitations to the embodiments of the present application. In practical applications, two or more network devices and two or more terminal devices may be included.
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 1 is described by taking a network device and a terminal device as an example, and the network device can provide services for the terminal device.
  • the network device in FIG. 1 is a base station as an example, and the terminal device is a mobile phone as an example.
  • the network device may be a device with a wireless transceiver function or a chip that can be provided in the device, and the network device includes but is not limited to: an evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB), a radio network controller ( radio network controller, RNC), node B (node B, NB), network equipment controller (base station controller, BSC), network equipment transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home network equipment (for example, home evolved Node B , or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), access point (AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WIFI) system Transmission point (transmission and reception point, TRP or transmission point, TP), etc., can also be equipment used in 4G, 5G or even 6G systems, such as gNB in NR system, or transmission point (TRP or TP), 4G One or a group (including multiple antenna panels) antenna panels of the
  • a gNB may include a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU).
  • the gNB may also include an active antenna unit (AAU).
  • the CU implements some functions of the gNB, and the DU implements some functions of the gNB.
  • the CU is responsible for processing non-real-time protocols and services, and implementing functions of radio resource control (RRC) and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layers.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • the DU is responsible for processing physical layer protocols and real-time services, and implementing the functions of the radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer, and physical (PHY) layer.
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC medium access control
  • PHY physical
  • the higher-layer signaling such as the RRC layer signaling
  • the network device may be a device including one or more of a CU node, a DU node, and an AAU node.
  • a CU may be divided into network devices in an access network (radio access network, RAN), or a CU may be divided into network devices in a core network (core network, CN), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application .
  • the terminal device may be a device that communicates with the above-mentioned network device or a chip that may be provided in the device.
  • Terminal equipment may include, but is not limited to: user equipment (UE), access terminal equipment, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal equipment, mobile equipment, user terminal equipment, user agent or user device, etc.
  • the terminal device may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, industrial control Wireless terminals in (industrial control), wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, and transportation safety wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, wireless terminals in vehicle-to-everything (V2X), or RSUs of wireless terminal type, etc.
  • a mobile phone mobile phone
  • a tablet computer Pad
  • a computer with a wireless transceiver function a virtual reality (VR) terminal device
  • AR augmented reality
  • wireless terminals in self-driving wireless terminals in remote medical
  • wireless terminals in smart grid wireless terminals in smart grid
  • transportation safety wireless terminals in smart cities wireless terminals in smart homes, wireless terminals in vehicle-to-everything (V2X), or RSUs
  • THP algorithm The two key operations of THP algorithm include modulo operation and inter-user interference pre-cancellation. Among them, the modulo operation in the THP algorithm is defined as:
  • x is the data symbol
  • ⁇ is the modulo constant
  • ⁇ is usually specified:
  • FIG. 2 is a constellation diagram corresponding to the QPSK modulation mode.
  • the values of the initial modulation symbols in the constellation diagram only include the four symbols in the dashed box area in FIG. 2 , that is, the constellation points of standard QPSK.
  • the modulation symbol may be any point in the plane, thereby increasing the transmission power of the network device.
  • the precoded modulation symbols will be limited to the area of the dashed box, so that the transmission power of the network device can be controlled. Therefore, the modulo operation in the THP algorithm can control the transmit power of the network device.
  • the inter-user interference pre-cancellation operation in the THP algorithm adopts successive interference cancellation (succession interference cancellation, SIC).
  • the network device performs LQ decomposition on the channel matrix H:
  • L is a lower triangular matrix and Q is an M-dimensional unitary matrix. If L is a precoding matrix, obtaining the lower triangular matrix L can make the interference between users causal, that is, the interference of each user can be regarded as only related to the interference of the previously processed users and not interfered by the unprocessed users. influences.
  • matrix B is a lower triangular matrix with all 1s on the diagonal.
  • the network equipment performs continuous interference cancellation to enable the data flow of each user to successively eliminate the interference of the previously processed data flow.
  • the specific implementation is as follows:
  • the vector after SIC processing It is also necessary to pre-eliminate the influence of the matrices G and Q, that is, the channel can be passed after multiplying the matrix Q H G:
  • the terminal device in order to demodulate the signal correctly, the terminal device also needs to perform a modulo operation before demodulating the received data, so as to recover the modulo information.
  • the above-mentioned combination of the SIC process and the modulo operation is the process of the THP algorithm as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • a is the sending information
  • ⁇ is the modulo operation
  • P is the transmit power
  • ⁇ is the power control factor
  • H represents the channel
  • ⁇ represents the decision on the received symbol
  • n is the noise
  • the BI matrix in the feedback loop represents the SIC process described above.
  • the received signal on the receiving side is:
  • the demodulation reference signal (demodulation reference sgnal, DMRS) received by the terminal device is:
  • the THP algorithm can eliminate the interference caused by multi-antenna channels, and the power of the transmitted signal can be limited by the modulo operation, but from the simulation results corresponding to the ZF precoding and THP algorithms shown in Figure 4, it can be seen that, When the network device uses the THP algorithm for precoding, the throughput of the terminal device is much smaller than that when the network device uses ZF precoding. That is to say, the reception performance of the terminal device when the network device uses the THP algorithm for precoding is much smaller than the reception performance of the terminal device when the network device uses ZF precoding. This is due to the unavoidable performance loss in the THP algorithm.
  • the three main sources of performance loss are also the main sources of performance loss in nonlinear precoding algorithms. The three main losses are described below:
  • Shaping loss In the interference pre-cancellation of the nonlinear precoding algorithm, in order to avoid the increase of the transmission power of the information after subtracting the interference from the initial information, a modulo operation is adopted, so that the information after descrambling is limited to Within the range of , the elements of the transmitted information after the modulo operation are in the interval is evenly distributed within.
  • the Shannon channel capacity formula if the transmission rate is to reach the channel capacity of the Gaussian additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, the input of the channel is required to be Gaussian distribution, while the input in the nonlinear precoding algorithm is uniformly distributed , thus causing a loss of shaping of the transmitted information.
  • the shaping loss is not significant at low signal noise ratio (SNR), and the final shaping loss can reach 1.53dB at high SNR.
  • the modulo operation must be performed using acausal information in the high-dimensional sphere.
  • the modulo operation in the nonlinear precoding algorithm is equivalent to a one-dimensional quantization process, and the output of the modulo operation is the quantization error.
  • the high-dimensional modulo operation is equivalent to a vector quantizer that outputs vector quantization errors.
  • the Voronoi Region of an ideal vector quantizer is a high-dimensional sphere, and a portion of the shaping gain can be obtained, which can reduce the transmit power by 1.53dB when compared to a cube.
  • the embodiment of the present application temporarily ignores the shaping loss.
  • Modulo loss that is, the loss caused by the nonlinear precoding algorithm when the terminal device performs the modulo operation. According to the characteristics of the modulo operation, no matter how big the received symbol is, the terminal device will limit the received symbol to the area, and determine it as the closest constellation point to recover the original symbol. However, if the transmitted symbol is at the edge of an extended constellation diagram, after being affected by noise, a modulo operation is performed on the terminal device, which may fall into the judgment area of another constellation point, resulting in an error in judgment. The modulo loss can be significant when using low-order modulation.
  • modulo loss is described below in conjunction with the likelihood ratio (LLR) of the l-th bit of the s-th received symbol:
  • the received symbol for each user is equivalent to:
  • n obeys a Gaussian random variable with mean value and variance ⁇ 2
  • ⁇ is a constant
  • n' also obeys Gaussian random distribution with mean zero and variance ⁇ 2 ⁇ 2
  • the set of M-QAM constellation points is denoted by ⁇
  • the likelihood ratio LLR(b s,l ) of the l-th bit of the s-th received symbol corresponding to formula (14) is expressed as :
  • the following takes the transceiver system under the QPSK modulation mode as an example to briefly analyze the influence of the modulo operation on the LLR calculation of the terminal device.
  • the transmitted symbol is S1
  • the received symbol will fall outside the modulo limit, that is, point A.
  • the LLR value of the first bit of the received symbol calculated according to formula (17) should be an integer with a relatively large magnitude, because the received symbol before the modulo operation is far away from S1 (distance received The point with the closest symbol and the first bit being 0) is closer than S2 (the point closest to the received symbol and the first bit being 1).
  • the receiving end introduces the modulo operation
  • the received symbol will slide to the modulo limit, but it will slide to the other end of the constellation diagram, as shown in point B in Figure 5.
  • the received symbol is closer to S2 than S1, so
  • the above-mentioned LLR value calculated according to the formula (17) becomes a negative number with a large magnitude. That is to say, after the receiving end undergoes the modulo operation, the LLR value of the same bit changes from a large positive number to a large negative number, which is the modulo error.
  • the modulo error makes the LLR information highly misaligned. When the misaligned LLR value is input into the turbo decoder, it is difficult for the decoder to correct the error, which increases the probability that the terminal equipment makes a wrong decision on the received symbol. , resulting in poor reception performance of the terminal device.
  • Vector perturbation Vector perturbation, VP
  • the VP algorithm obtains performance gain by changing the transmission information a.
  • the specific method is to add a disturbance vector after the transmission information a, that is:
  • p is the added disturbance vector
  • ⁇
  • ⁇ is the power gain factor of the VP algorithm
  • H is the channel matrix
  • P is the power constraint factor
  • x is the network precoding after the data symbol.
  • the terminal equipment Since the added disturbance vector changes the initial information, the terminal equipment must have a method of removing disturbance in order to demodulate the information.
  • the VP algorithm adopts the same method as the receiving end of the THP algorithm to remove the disturbance, that is, the modulo operation, which also makes the selection of the disturbance vector p must have certain restrictions, otherwise the receiving end cannot remove the disturbance by taking the modulo.
  • the value range of the perturbation vector p is p ⁇ CZ, C is a complex number, and Z is an integer, that is, all elements of the perturbation vector p take values in the complex integer domain that is multiples of ⁇ , and ⁇ is the modulo constant in the above THP algorithm. . Therefore, the terminal device can eliminate the disturbance vector p by taking the modulo operation:
  • a is the transmitted information
  • p is the disturbance vector
  • P is the transmit power
  • ⁇ is the power control factor
  • H represents the channel
  • ⁇ represents the judgment on the received symbol
  • n is the noise, for the information received
  • Fig. 7 is the beam distribution of the user in different scenarios, the abscissa axis represents the beam index 1-64, the index is obtained according to the discrete Fourier transform (discrete Fourier transform, DFT) matrix corresponding to 64 pairs of antennas, The ordinate represents the percentage of users distributed on the corresponding beam index.
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • scenario A there are 6 beams with a distribution ratio greater than 5%, and there are no users on many beams, and the user distribution is relatively uniform; in scenario B, most of the users are distributed in the beams On the beams corresponding to indices 2, 27, 33, 57, and 59, the user distribution in scenario B is more concentrated than the distribution in scenario A, while in scenario C, most users are distributed at index 7 Compared with the user distribution in scenario B, the user distribution of the beam corresponding to index 35 is more dense, that is, the user distribution is relatively uneven. Therefore, it can be seen from Figure 7 that in different scenarios, the distribution of its users has the characteristics of uneven distribution.
  • Table 1 shows the cell test results when the network device uses a linear algorithm to precode the transmitted data under different degrees of uniform distribution of users.
  • the user distribution is scattered, that is, the user distribution is uniform.
  • the number of paired layers of the obtained cell in this scenario is 7.4, and the cell throughput rate is 128M; in Scenario 2, the user distribution is relatively scattered, that is, the user The distribution is relatively uniform.
  • the number of cell pairing layers obtained is 6.1, and the throughput rate of the cell is 77M; in scenario 3, the user distribution is relatively dense, that is, the user distribution is relatively uneven, and the number of cell pairing layers obtained in this scenario is 5.3, the cell throughput rate is 55M; in scenario 4, the user distribution is relatively dense, that is, the user distribution is uneven, the number of pairing layers obtained in this scenario is 4.7, and the cell throughput rate is 30M.
  • the user distribution and performance trend diagram shown in Figure 8 can be obtained from the cell test results in Table 1. That is, the more uneven the user distribution is, the lower the cell pairing performance is, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the terminal equipment is obviously reduced. As a result, the receiving performance of the terminal equipment is worse.
  • a nonlinear algorithm is proposed.
  • the above-mentioned THP algorithm the network equipment pre-eliminates interference through interference cancellation, thereby reducing the zero-forcing space constraint and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the terminal equipment.
  • the above-mentioned VP algorithm the network device reduces the condition number of the equivalent channel matrix by orthogonalizing the channel and the signal, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the terminal device.
  • the simulation results obtained by network equipment precoding transmitted data based on nonlinear precoding are all statistics of BER performance under ideal channel estimation and without coding. Considering the actual channel estimation, the statistical BER performance On the contrary, the BER performance is lower than that when the network device uses a linear algorithm to precode the transmitted data.
  • This embodiment of the present application provides a data receiving method 100 .
  • first indication information from a network device is received, where the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to receive the first data based on a first constellation map, and the first constellation map is adding a plurality of second constellation maps to the second constellation map.
  • the constellation diagram obtained by the constellation point, the second constellation diagram is the constellation diagram corresponding to the first data sent by the network device to the terminal device; thus the first data is received based on the first constellation diagram. That is to say, the terminal device no longer only receives the first data according to the first constellation point in the second constellation diagram, but is based on the first constellation diagram composed of the plurality of first constellation points and the plurality of second constellation points.
  • This embodiment of the present application further provides a data receiving method 200 .
  • the second indication information from the network device is received, and the second indication information is used to indicate the search space corresponding to the disturbance vector used by the terminal device when receiving the first data, so that the first data can be received based on the disturbance vector determined in the search space.
  • a data That is, the disturbance vector used by the terminal device to receive the first data is determined based on the search space indicated by the network device, thereby reducing the complexity of determining the disturbance vector by the terminal device, thereby improving the receiving performance of the terminal device.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a data receiving method 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the data receiving method 100 takes a network device and a terminal device as examples, and is described from the perspective of interaction between the network device and the terminal device.
  • the data receiving method 100 includes but is not limited to the following steps:
  • the network device determines first indication information; the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to receive the first data based on the first constellation diagram; the first constellation diagram is a constellation obtained by adding multiple second constellation points in the second constellation diagram Figure; The second constellation diagram is the constellation diagram corresponding to the first data sent by the network device to the terminal device;
  • the first data is data sent by the network device to the terminal device, and is data before the network device performs precoding.
  • the network device when the network device uses the nonlinear precoding algorithm to precode the first data, in order to reduce the modulo loss of the terminal device, the network device determines to instruct the terminal device to receive based on the first constellation.
  • the first indication information of the first data enables the terminal device to no longer receive data based on the second constellation map corresponding to the first data, thereby helping to improve the receiving performance of the terminal device.
  • the network device determines the foregoing first indication information when using the THP algorithm or the VP algorithm to precode the first data.
  • the terminal device may request the network device to reduce the processing complexity according to the processing capability of the terminal device, so that after the network device receives the request from the terminal device, the The constellation diagram receives the first indication information of the first data, so that the terminal device receives the first data based on the first constellation diagram, thereby helping to improve the reception performance of the terminal device.
  • the network device sends first indication information to the terminal device
  • the first indication information is carried in one of the following signaling: radio resource control RRC signaling, downlink control information (downlink control information, DCI) signaling, and medium access control MAC layer signaling. That is, the network device can send the first indication information to the terminal device through RRC signaling, DCI signaling or MAC layer signaling, so in S103, the terminal device can use RRC signaling or DCI signaling or MAC layer signaling The first indication information is received.
  • RRC signaling radio resource control information
  • DCI downlink control information
  • MAC layer signaling medium access control MAC layer signaling
  • this embodiment of the present application does not limit the state of the foregoing RRC signaling or DCI signaling.
  • the above RRC signaling may be semi-static RRC signaling
  • the above DCI signaling may be dynamic DCI signaling, and so on.
  • the terminal device receives the first indication information from the network device
  • the terminal device receives data based on the first constellation.
  • the method before the terminal device receives the first data based on the first constellation map, the method further includes: the terminal device increases the distance between two adjacent first constellation points in the second constellation map in the second constellation map.
  • a plurality of second constellation points are obtained to obtain a first constellation diagram. That is, the terminal device adds a plurality of second constellation points to the second constellation map according to the principle that the distance between the second constellation points and the distance between two adjacent first constellation points are equal.
  • the distance between two adjacent first constellation points in the second constellation diagram may refer to the distance between two adjacent first constellation points in the direction of the horizontal axis or the vertical axis in the second constellation diagram.
  • the distance between two adjacent first constellation points in the second constellation diagram may also refer to the distance between two adjacent first constellation points in the diagonal direction in the second constellation diagram.
  • the second constellation diagram corresponding to the first data is the constellation diagram shown in Figure 10
  • the first constellation diagram is based on the points of the second constellation diagram in Figure 10.
  • the distance between the first constellation points of point A and point B is the constellation diagram obtained by adding 12 second constellation points to the original four first constellation points respectively, so that the distance between point E and point F in the first constellation diagram is The distance is equal to the distance between point A and point B in the second constellation diagram.
  • the network device uses 16-QAM to modulate the first data
  • the second constellation map corresponding to the first data is shown in Figure 11.
  • the first constellation map is based on the two adjacent first constellation points in Figure 11.
  • a constellation diagram obtained by adding a plurality of second constellation points to the first constellation point in the outermost layer of the second constellation diagram, namely the first constellation diagram shown in FIG. 11 .
  • the network device uses 64-QAM to modulate the first data, then the second constellation map corresponding to the first data is shown in Figure 12.
  • the first constellation map is based on the two adjacent first constellation points in Figure 12.
  • a constellation diagram obtained by adding a plurality of second constellation points to the outermost first constellation point of the first constellation diagram, namely the first constellation diagram shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the distance between constellation points refers to the distance between two adjacent constellation points in the horizontal axis direction or the vertical axis direction. That is to say, the distance between the first constellation points refers to the distance between two adjacent first constellation points in the horizontal axis direction or the vertical axis direction in the second constellation diagram; the distance between the second constellation points refers to the The distance between adjacent second constellation points in the horizontal axis direction or the vertical axis direction in a constellation diagram.
  • the distance between the first constellation points can refer to the distance between point A and point B, the distance between point A and point C, and the distance between point C and point D, It can also refer to the distance between point B and point D; the distance between the second constellation points can refer to the distance between point E and point F, and can also refer to the distance between point E and point G, and so on.
  • the distance between the constellation points refers to the distance between two adjacent constellation points on the diagonal in the constellation diagram. That is to say, the distance between the first constellation points refers to the distance between two adjacent first constellation points on the diagonal in the second constellation diagram; the distance between the second constellation points refers to the distance between two adjacent first constellation points in the first constellation diagram
  • the distance between two adjacent constellation points on the angle line, the two constellation points include at least one second constellation point.
  • the distance between the first constellation points refers to the distance between point B and point C
  • the distance between the second constellation points refers to point G distance from point F, and so on.
  • the distance between the constellation points can be understood in the above two ways, but the embodiment of the application itself is not limited.
  • the terminal device first calculates and obtains the modulo constant ⁇ according to the above formula (2), and then translates the second constellation diagram in the horizontal and vertical directions according to the value of the ⁇ , thereby obtaining: A plurality of second constellation points are added to obtain the first constellation diagram.
  • the obtained distance between the second constellation points is equal to the distance between the first constellation points. That is to say, in the first constellation diagram, the distances between the multiple second constellation points added are equal to the distances between the original first constellation points.
  • the first constellation diagram in FIG. 10 is obtained by the terminal device translating the second constellation diagram according to ⁇ , then the distance l1 between point E and point F in FIG. 10 and the distance between point A and point B The distance l 2 is equal, the distance between point B and point C is the same as the distance between point G and point F.
  • the terminal device may translate the second constellation diagram in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively according to the above ⁇ and a value preset by the network device, so as to obtain a plurality of additional second constellations Click to get the first constellation map.
  • the preset value of the network device is also combined, so that the distance between the second constellation points and the distance between the first constellation points are no longer equal.
  • the first constellation diagram in the above FIG. 10 is obtained by the terminal device translating the second constellation diagram in the horizontal and vertical directions based on the above ⁇ and ⁇ indicated by the network device, and ⁇ may be greater than 0 and less than 0.5. number. Therefore, the distance between the second constellation points and the distance between the first constellation points in FIG. 10 are no longer equal means that the distance between point E and point F and the distance between point A and point B are no longer equal.
  • the first constellation diagram is obtained by adding a layer of second constellation points to the outermost constellation points of the second constellation diagram.
  • the terminal device may add multiple layers of second constellation points to the outermost constellation points of the second constellation diagram to obtain the first constellation diagram. For example, full-screen expansion is performed on the outermost constellation points of the second constellation map, and multiple layers of second constellation points are added to obtain the first constellation map.
  • the terminal The device adds a layer of second constellation points on the outermost constellation points of the second constellation map to obtain the first constellation map, thereby reducing the complexity of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device receives the first data based on the first constellation:
  • the terminal device receives the first data based on the first constellation, including: based on the first constellation in the first constellation point and the second constellation point, calculate the likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to the first data, and then receive the first data based on the LLR.
  • the terminal device calculates the LLR corresponding to the first data based on the foregoing formula (17).
  • This implementation makes the terminal device no longer only calculate the LLR corresponding to the first data based on the first constellation point in the second constellation, but calculate the first data based on the first constellation point and the second constellation point in the first constellation Corresponding LLR, so that the terminal device can reduce the probability that the terminal device performs a modulo operation to cause misjudgment of the received symbol corresponding to the first data when the received symbol corresponding to the first data falls into the judgment area of other symbols, that is, reduces the probability of misjudgment.
  • the bit error rate of the terminal equipment receiving the first data is improved, and the receiving performance of the terminal equipment is improved.
  • the terminal device calculates the likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to the first data based on the first constellation point and the second constellation point in the first constellation map, including: the terminal device based on the first constellation map The two constellation points and the demodulation mode of the first data are calculated, and the likelihood ratio LLR of the received symbol corresponding to the first data is calculated. That is to say, when the terminal device judges the received symbols, it no longer judges the received symbols based on more than two first constellation points in the second constellation, but only needs to judge the received symbols according to the two first constellation points in the first constellation. Each constellation point determines the received symbols, so that the complexity of the terminal device's decision on the received symbols can be reduced.
  • the nonlinear precoding algorithm in the embodiment of the present application calculates the LLR of the received symbol corresponding to the first data based on the first constellation point and the second constellation point in the first constellation diagram.
  • the nonlinear precoding algorithm proposed in the embodiment of the present application is the THP algorithm.
  • the embodiment of the present application uses the THP algorithm to calculate the LLR of the received symbol.
  • the THP algorithm in this mode is called an enhanced THP algorithm, but the embodiments of the present application do not limit the naming of the THP algorithm in this mode.
  • the terminal device calculates the received symbol corresponding to the obtained first data.
  • the LLR value calculated by the former is smaller than the LLR value calculated by the latter, thereby helping to reduce the number of terminal devices.
  • the modulo operation results in the probability of misjudgment of the received symbol corresponding to the first data, that is, the bit error rate of the terminal equipment receiving the first data is reduced, and the receiving performance of the terminal equipment is improved.
  • the terminal device uses QPSK to demodulate the first data, so that the first constellation diagram obtained by the terminal device is shown in Figure 13.
  • the first constellation diagram includes 12 constellation points, that is, the modulo limit 4 original first constellation points within and 8 second constellation points outside the added modulo bounds.
  • the received symbol S1 corresponding to the first data drifts from the first quadrant to the second quadrant after modulo operation at the terminal device.
  • S8 is the bit 0 closest to the received symbol, so it needs to be the same as the received symbol.
  • the Euclidean distance between S2 and the received symbol (the closest point to bit 1) is compared to the Euclidean distance between the symbol S8 and the received symbol (the closest point to bit 0), not the Euclidean distance between the received symbol S1 and the received symbol distance (since S1 is no longer the closest point to bit 0).
  • the Euclidean distance from S8 to the received symbol is still greater than the Euclidean distance from S2 to the received symbol (that is, the LLR is still a negative number)
  • S8 after the modulo operation is closer to the received symbol than S1
  • the amplitude of the LLR of the first bit is much smaller than the amplitude of the original LLR calculated according to the second constellation diagram shown in FIG.
  • the LLR value of the first bit of the received symbol will be a positive number, although the soft demodulation method based on the first constellation proposed in the embodiment of the present application does not
  • the LLR value is corrected from a negative number to a positive number, but the amplitude of the LLR that is also negative in soft demodulation based on the second constellation diagram is greatly reduced. This greatly reduces the misalignment of the LLR caused by the modulo error, and makes it easier for the turbo decoder to correct these modulo errors, which is beneficial to reduce the probability of error in the judgment of the constellation point corresponding to the received symbol, thereby improving the reception. reception performance at the end.
  • the nonlinear precoding algorithm proposed in the embodiments of the present application will affect the LLR of the first data, but still Improve the reception performance of terminal equipment.
  • the terminal device uses QPSK to demodulate the first data. If the received symbol falls within the modulo limit, the nonlinear precoding algorithm in this mode will not have modulo loss, so No modulo error is introduced.
  • the LLR value of the received symbol calculated by the terminal device based on the above-mentioned first constellation is equal to the LLR value of the received symbol calculated based on the above-mentioned second constellation, so it will not affect the terminal The reception performance of the device.
  • the LLR value of the received symbol calculated by the terminal device based on the above-mentioned first constellation diagram is different from the LLR value calculated based on the above-mentioned second constellation diagram.
  • the sign of the LLR value of the received symbol is the same, but the magnitude value will be reduced.
  • the LLR value of the received symbol calculated by the terminal device based on the first constellation diagram is reduced, but the symbol of the value is still the same as the LLR symbol calculated based on the second constellation diagram, so the performance of the system declines. smaller.
  • the performance of the turbo decoder is determined by the modulo error, and the solution proposed in the embodiments of the present application to receive the first data through the first constellation to reduce the LLR misalignment caused by the modulo error can still improve the terminal performance.
  • the reception performance of the device is because the performance of the turbo decoder is determined by the modulo error, and the solution proposed in the embodiments of the present application to receive the first data through the first constellation to reduce the LLR misalignment caused by the modulo error can still improve the terminal performance. The reception performance of the device.
  • the terminal device calculates the received symbol based on two constellation points in the first constellation point and the second constellation point in the first constellation diagram and the demodulation method of the received symbol corresponding to the first data.
  • the likelihood ratio LLR of the The threshold value and the first value obtained after equalization of the received symbol corresponding to the first data are used to calculate the likelihood ratio LLR of the received symbol.
  • the terminal device can determine the first threshold value according to the distance between the first constellation points and the distance between the second constellation points in the first constellation diagram, and then based on the first threshold value.
  • the limit value and the first value obtained after equalization of the received symbol are used to judge the received symbol, and the LLR of the received symbol is obtained by performing a mathematical operation on the LLR value calculated based on the second constellation diagram.
  • the mathematical operation may include but not limited to addition operation, multiplication operation, subtraction operation, absolute value operation, modulo operation, and so on.
  • the first threshold value is determined based on the distance between the first constellation points and the distance between the second constellation points, which is the same as the above-mentioned based on the first constellation point and the second constellation point.
  • the two constellation points determine the received symbols in the same processing manner, thereby reducing the error of the obtained LLR value, thereby helping to reduce the bit error rate of receiving the first data and improving the performance of the system.
  • the LLR that receives the first data based on the second constellation is:
  • the LLR for receiving the first data based on the first constellation is:
  • 2.5 for judging x c (i) is the above-mentioned first threshold value determined according to the distance between the first constellation points and the distance between the second constellation points in the first constellation diagram.
  • the first threshold value determined according to the distance between the first constellation points and the distance between the second constellation points in the first constellation diagram is 2.5+ ⁇ , where -0.5 ⁇ 0.5 .
  • the LLR that receives the first data based on the second constellation is:
  • the LLR when receiving the first data based on the first constellation is:
  • 2, 3, -2, 3.5, and -3.5 used for judging x c (i) are the above-mentioned first constellation points determined according to the distance between the first constellation points and the distance between the second constellation points in the first constellation diagram Threshold value.
  • the first threshold values determined according to the distance between the first constellation points and the distance between the second constellation points in the first constellation diagram are 2+ ⁇ 1 , 3+ ⁇ 2 , 3.5 + ⁇ 3 , -2+ ⁇ 4 , -3+ ⁇ 5 , -3.5+ ⁇ 6 , where -0.5 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 0.5, -0.5 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 0.5, -0.5 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 0.5, -0.5 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 0.5, -0.5 ⁇ 5 ⁇ 0.5, -0.5 ⁇ 6 ⁇ 0.5.
  • the LLR that receives the first data based on the second constellation is:
  • the LLR for receiving the first data based on the first constellation is:
  • 2, 4, 5, 6, -2, -4, -5, -6 used to judge x c (i) are the distances between the first constellation points and the second constellation according to the above-mentioned first constellation diagram The first threshold value determined by the distance between points.
  • the first threshold values determined according to the distance between the first constellation points and the distance between the second constellation points in the first constellation diagram are 2+ ⁇ 1 , 4+ ⁇ 2 , 5+ ⁇ 3 , 6+ ⁇ 4 , -2+ ⁇ 5 , -4+ ⁇ 6 , -5+ ⁇ 7 , -6+ ⁇ 8 , where -0.5 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 0.5, -0.5 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 0.5, -0.5 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 0.5, -0.5 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 0.5, -0.5 ⁇ 5 ⁇ 0.5, -0.5 ⁇ 7 ⁇ 0.5, -0.5 ⁇ 8 ⁇ 0.5.
  • the first threshold values determined according to the different demodulation modes are different, so that the first data can be received according to the first threshold values determined by different demodulation modes, so as to realize reliable reception of the first data.
  • the network device instructs the terminal device to receive the first data based on the first constellation map through the first indication information, because the first constellation map includes the first constellation point in the second constellation map corresponding to the first data and the A plurality of second constellation points are added on the second constellation diagram, so that the terminal device no longer receives the first data only according to the first constellation points in the second constellation diagram, but based on the plurality of first constellation points and the The first constellation diagram formed by a plurality of second constellation points receives the first data, thereby helping to reduce the probability of misjudgment of the received symbol corresponding to the first data caused by the terminal device performing the modulo operation, that is, reducing the terminal device receiving the first data
  • the bit error rate improves the receiving performance of the terminal equipment.
  • the embodiments of the present application are aimed at the data receiving method proposed when the terminal device adopts the nonlinear precoding technology for demodulation. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application improve the receiving performance of the terminal device, which can also be understood as improving the nonlinear precoding technology. coding gain.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic flowchart of a data receiving method 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the data receiving method 200 takes a network device and a terminal device as examples, and is described from the perspective of interaction between the network device and the terminal device.
  • the data receiving method 200 includes but is not limited to the following steps:
  • the network device determines second indication information; the second indication information is used to indicate the search space corresponding to the disturbance vector used by the terminal device when receiving the first data;
  • the network device determines the second indication information when using the nonlinear precoding algorithm to precode the first data, and uses the second indication information to determine the disturbance vector used by the terminal device to receive the first data.
  • the search space is indicated to the terminal device, thereby helping to reduce the complexity of the terminal device in determining the disturbance vector.
  • the network device determines the foregoing second indication information when using the VP algorithm to precode the first data.
  • the network device sends second indication information to the terminal device
  • the second indication information is carried in radio resource control RRC signaling or downlink control information DCI. That is, the network device sends the second indication information to the terminal device through RRC signaling or DCI signaling, so that the terminal device also receives the second indication information through RRC signaling or DCI signaling.
  • the terminal device receives the second indication information from the network device
  • the terminal device receives the first data based on the disturbance vector determined in the search space.
  • the search space indicated by the second indication information is indicated by the value of the first parameter. That is, the value of the first parameter may indicate the search space of the disturbance vector, so that the network device may indicate the search space of the disturbance vector by indicating the value of the first parameter to the terminal device.
  • the first parameter is l
  • the value of l can be 1, 2, 3, or 4, where the value of l is 1 to indicate that the search space is [2,5], and the value of l is 2 to indicate that the search space is [2,5].
  • the search space is [5, 9], when the value of l is 3, it is used to indicate that the search space is [10, 23], and when the value of l is 4, it is used to indicate that the search space is [24, 38].
  • the search space indicated by the second indication information is indicated by an index corresponding to the first parameter. That is to say, the content of the first indication information is the index of the first parameter.
  • the terminal device can determine the value of the first parameter through the index of the first parameter, and then according to the value of the first parameter Determine the search space for perturbation vectors.
  • the terminal device determines the value of the first parameter within the value range of the first parameter according to the index of the first parameter.
  • the network device before determining the second indication information, the network device sends third indication information to the terminal device, where the third indication information is used to indicate the value range of the first parameter, so that the network device is indicating the first parameter to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device can determine the value of the first parameter within the value range of the first parameter by using the index of the first parameter.
  • the third indication information is carried in RRC signaling or DCI signaling. That is, the network device may send the third indication information to the terminal device through RRC signaling or DCI signaling, so that the terminal device receives the third indication information through RRC signaling or DCI signaling.
  • the RRC signaling is semi-static RRC signaling
  • the DCI signaling is dynamic DCI signaling
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the states of RRC signaling and DCI signaling.
  • the value range of the first parameter is predefined by the network device. It is understandable that the value range of the first parameter is predefined in the terminal device by the network device, so that the terminal device does not need to notify the terminal device of the value range of the first parameter through the third indication information.
  • the value range of the first parameter is predefined by the network device in the local network device, so the network device then informs the terminal device of the predefined value range of the first parameter through the third indication information.
  • the network device defines the value range of the first parameter in advance according to the modulation method for the first data, and informs the terminal device of the value range of the first parameter through the third indication information.
  • the second indication information is determined by the symbol of the first data. Understandably, the second indication information is determined by the antisymmetry between the sign of the first data and the disturbance vector.
  • the anti-symmetry of the disturbance vector refers to the property that the values of the disturbance vector are opposite to each other.
  • the terminal device uses QPSK to demodulate the first data
  • the value of the disturbance element corresponding to the disturbance vector used by the terminal device to demodulate the received symbol corresponding to the first data is -1, 0 , 1, and when the sign of the first data is positive, most of the elements of the perturbation vector are selected from -1 and 0, and conversely, when the sign of the first data is negative, most of the elements of the perturbation vector are selected from +1 and 0, so that the network device can constrain the search space of the perturbation vector according to the objectivity, so that the terminal device directly determines the perturbation vector from the search space.
  • the disturbance vector is determined by the vector disturbance vector pair l k and uk , and the network device determines the first parameter l as: l ⁇ 0,-sgu( u k ) ⁇ .
  • -sgu( ) is an Euler function
  • the network device may determine the second indication information on the premise of a certain system loss.
  • the terminal device selects two non-zero vectors from the 8 candidate sets of disturbance vectors in common search method, and if the network device does not indicate the search space of the disturbance vector of the terminal device, the terminal device needs to search Second-rate. Therefore, the network device greatly reduces the complexity of the terminal device by indicating the search space of the disturbance vector by the terminal device.
  • FIG. 16 In the transceiver system taking QPSK as an example, (a) in FIG. 16 is the search range when the terminal device searches for the disturbance vector when the network device does not precode the first data, and (b) in FIG. 16 is the search range when the terminal device searches for the disturbance vector after the network device pre-encodes the first data. (c) in Figure 16 is the search range of the constrained disturbance vector after the network device pre-encodes the first data. After the space is indicated to the terminal device, the search range when the terminal device searches for the disturbance vector. As can be seen from Figure 16, after the network device pre-encodes the first data, the search range of the disturbance vector becomes larger, which increases the processing complexity of the terminal device. However, if the network device constrains the search space of the disturbance vector, and By informing the terminal equipment of the search space, the complexity of searching for the disturbance vector by the terminal equipment can be greatly reduced.
  • the algorithm proposed in this embodiment of the present application for notifying the terminal device of the search space of the disturbance vector is called: It is a VP algorithm to enhance the search space, but does not limit the name.
  • the network device indicates the disturbance vector used by the terminal device when receiving the first data to the terminal device through the second indication information, so that the terminal device can quickly determine the disturbance vector through the search space, so that it can quickly determine the disturbance vector.
  • the terminal device receives the first data based on the disturbance vector determined by the search space, which can reduce the loss of the modulo and improve the receiving performance of the receiving end.
  • the embodiment of the present application takes the configuration of relevant parameters as an example, and simulates the current ZF algorithm, the THP algorithm, the enhanced THP algorithm in the data receiving method 100 and the enhanced THP algorithm in the data receiving method 200 proposed in the embodiment of the present application, respectively.
  • the related parameters configured in this embodiment of the present application include a channel model, a channel multipath type, the number of terminal device antennas, the number of network device antennas, and the like.
  • the performance diagram of the network device using the ZF algorithm and the current THP algorithm as shown in FIG. 4 is obtained through simulation in the embodiment of the present application, and the performance diagram of the ZF algorithm and the enhanced THP algorithm in the embodiment of the present application as shown in FIG. 17 .
  • SRS SNR sounding reference signal signal to noise ratio
  • the system performance of the current THP algorithm is worse than that of the ZF algorithm.
  • the main reason is that a modulo error occurs during modulo decoding by the terminal device, that is, the noise is greater than the maximum modulo tolerance, resulting in a modulo error. This error is due to the large calculated error soft bit information value, which leads to Turbo decoding cannot correct errors.
  • the system performance corresponding to the enhanced THP algorithm is improved, that is, the performance of the enhanced THP algorithm proposed in the embodiments of the present application is slightly better than that of the ZF algorithm. Therefore, it can be proved from the foregoing analysis and simulation results that the embodiments of the present application can effectively improve the reception performance when the terminal device adopts the nonlinear algorithm, that is, the gain of the nonlinear precoding technology is guaranteed.
  • the performance diagram corresponding to the ZF algorithm under different SNRs obtained by the simulation in the embodiment of the present application and the vp algorithm of the enhanced search space proposed by the embodiment of the present application It can be seen from FIG. 18 that: when the SRS signal-to-noise ratio is greater than or equal to 10dB, the performance of the VP algorithm of the enhanced search space proposed by the embodiment of the present application is higher than that of the ZP algorithm; when the SRS signal-to-noise ratio is less than 10dB, the present application The performance of the VP algorithm of the enhanced search space proposed by the embodiment is lower than that of the ZP algorithm.
  • the embodiments of the present application can improve the receiving performance of the terminal device, and ensure the gain of the nonlinear precoding technology; when the SRS signal-to-noise ratio is less than 10 dB, the embodiments of the present application can reduce the The complexity of the end device.
  • the receiving performance of the enhanced VP algorithm in the embodiment of the present application is better than the enhanced THP algorithm, that is, The enhanced VP algorithm enables the terminal device to obtain better reception performance.
  • the terminal device or the network device may include a hardware structure and/or a software module, and implement the above functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module .
  • Whether one of the above functions is performed in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication apparatus 1900 .
  • the communication apparatus 1900 may be a component of a terminal device (eg, an integrated circuit, a chip, etc.), or a component of a network device (eg, an integrated circuit, a chip, etc.).
  • the communication apparatus 1900 may also be other communication units, which are used to implement the methods in the method embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus 1900 may include: a communication unit 1901 .
  • a processing unit 1902 and a storage unit 1903 may also be included.
  • one or more units as in Figure 19 may be implemented by one or more processors, or by one or more processors and memory; or by one or more processors and a transceiver; or implemented by one or more processors, memories, and transceivers, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor, memory, and transceiver can be set independently or integrated.
  • the communication apparatus 1900 has the function of implementing the terminal device described in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus 1900 has the function of implementing the network device described in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus 1900 includes modules or units or means (means) corresponding to the terminal equipment performing the steps involved in the terminal equipment described in the embodiments of the present application, and the functions or units or means (means) may be implemented by software, or by Hardware implementation can also be implemented through hardware executing corresponding software, or through a combination of software and hardware.
  • a communication device 1900 may include:
  • the communication unit 1901 is configured to receive the first indication information from the network device; the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to receive the first data based on the first constellation diagram; the first constellation diagram is to add multiple first data in the second constellation diagram.
  • the constellation diagram obtained by the two constellation points; the second constellation diagram is the constellation diagram corresponding to the first data sent by the network device to the terminal device;
  • the processing unit 1902 is configured to receive data based on the first constellation.
  • the processing unit 1902 before receiving the first data based on the first constellation diagram, is further configured to: increase the distance between two adjacent first constellation points in the second constellation diagram in the second constellation diagram. A plurality of second constellation points are obtained to obtain a first constellation diagram.
  • the processing unit 1902 receives the first data based on the first constellation diagram, and is specifically configured to: the processing unit 1902 calculates the first data based on the first constellation point and the second constellation point in the first constellation diagram.
  • the corresponding likelihood ratio LLR based on the LLR receiving the first data.
  • the processing unit 1902 calculates the likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to the first data based on the first constellation point and the second constellation point in the first constellation diagram, and is specifically used for: Using the two constellation points in the constellation diagram and the demodulation mode of the first data, the likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to the first data is calculated.
  • the processing unit 1902 calculates the likelihood ratio LLR corresponding to the first data based on the two constellation points in the first constellation diagram and the demodulation mode of the first data, and is specifically used for: according to the first data.
  • the distance between the first constellation points and the distance between the second constellation points in a constellation diagram, and the demodulation mode of the received symbol corresponding to the first data determine the first threshold value; according to the first threshold value and the first The first value obtained after equalization of the received symbols corresponding to the data is used to calculate the likelihood ratio LLR of the received symbols.
  • the distance between the second constellation points is equal to the distance between the first constellation points.
  • the distance between the second constellation points and the distance between the first constellation points are not equal.
  • the first indication information is carried in one of the following signaling: radio resource control RRC signaling, downlink control information DCI signaling, and medium access control MAC layer signaling.
  • a communication device 1900 may include:
  • a communication unit 1901 configured to receive second indication information from a network device, where the second indication information is used to indicate a search space corresponding to a disturbance vector used by the terminal device when receiving the first data;
  • the processing unit 1902 is configured to receive first data based on the disturbance vector determined by the search space.
  • the search space is indicated by the value of the first parameter, or indicated by the index corresponding to the first parameter.
  • the communication unit 1901 is further configured to: receive a third indication from the network device. information, and the third indication information is used to indicate the value range of the first parameter.
  • the value range of the first parameter is predefined by the network device.
  • the second indication information is determined according to the symbol of the first data.
  • the second indication information is carried in radio resource control RRC signaling or downlink control information DCI.
  • the third indication information is carried in downlink control information DCI signaling or medium access control MAC layer signaling.
  • a communication device 1900 may include:
  • the processing unit 1902 is configured to determine first indication information; the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to receive the first data based on the first constellation diagram; the first constellation diagram is obtained by adding a plurality of second constellation points in the second constellation diagram The constellation diagram; the second constellation diagram is the constellation diagram corresponding to the first data sent by the network device to the terminal device;
  • the communication unit 1901 is configured to send the first indication information to the terminal device.
  • the first indication information is carried in one of the following signaling: radio resource control RRC signaling, downlink control information DCI signaling, and medium access control MAC layer signaling.
  • the distance between the second constellation points is equal to the distance between the first constellation points.
  • the distance between the second constellation points and the distance between the first constellation points are not equal.
  • a communication device 1900 may include:
  • the processing unit 1902 is configured to determine second indication information; the second indication information is used to indicate the search space corresponding to the disturbance vector used by the terminal device when receiving the first data;
  • the communication unit 1901 is configured to send the second indication information to the terminal device.
  • the search space is indicated by the value of the first parameter, or indicated by the index corresponding to the first parameter.
  • the processing unit 1902 is further configured to: send third indication information to the terminal device, and the third indication information is used for is used to indicate the value range of the first parameter.
  • the value range of the first parameter is predefined by the network device.
  • the second indication information is determined according to the symbol of the first data.
  • the second indication information is carried in radio resource control RRC signaling or downlink control information DCI signaling.
  • the third indication information is carried in dynamic downlink control information DCI signaling or medium access control MAC layer signaling.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may be a terminal device or a network device, a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the terminal device to implement the above method, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the network device to implement the above method. device, etc.
  • the apparatus can be used to implement the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments, and for details, reference may be made to the descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may include one or more processors 2001 .
  • the processor 2001 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor or the like.
  • it may be a baseband processor or a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processing unit can be used to control communication devices (such as base stations, baseband chips, terminals, terminal chips, DU or CU, etc.), execute software programs, process software program data.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may include one or more memories 2002, and instructions 2004 may be stored thereon, and the instructions may be executed on the processor 2001, so that the communication apparatus 2000 executes the above method methods described in the examples.
  • the memory 2002 may also store data.
  • the processor 2001 and the memory 2002 can be set independently or integrated together.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may further include a transceiver 2005 and an antenna 2006 .
  • the transceiver 2005 may be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit, etc., for implementing a transceiver function.
  • the transceiver 2005 may include a receiver and a transmitter, the receiver may be called a receiver or a receiving circuit, etc., for implementing the receiving function; the transmitter may be called a transmitter or a transmitting circuit, etc., for implementing the transmitting function.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 is a terminal device: the transceiver 2005 is used for executing S103 in the data receiving method 100 and S203 in the data receiving method 200; the processor 2001 is used for executing S104 in the data receiving method 100, and Used to execute S204 in the data receiving method 200 .
  • the communication apparatus 2000 is a network device: the transceiver 2005 is configured to perform S102 in the data receiving method 100 and S202 in the data receiving method 200; the processor 2001 is configured to perform S101 in the data receiving method 100, and It is used to execute S201 in the data receiving method 200 .
  • the processor 2001 may include a transceiver for implementing the functions of receiving and transmitting.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, or an interface, or an interface circuit.
  • Transceiver circuits, interfaces or interface circuits used to implement receiving and transmitting functions may be separate or integrated.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit can be used for reading and writing code/data, or the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit can be used for signal transmission or transmission.
  • the processor 2001 may store an instruction 2003, and the instruction 2003 runs on the processor 2001, so that the communication apparatus 2000 can execute the method described in the above method embodiments.
  • the instructions 2003 may be hardened in the processor 2001, in which case the processor 2001 may be implemented by hardware.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 may include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the functions of sending or receiving or communicating in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processors and transceivers described in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in integrated circuits (ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), mixed-signal ICs, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuits board (printed circuit board, PCB), electronic equipment, etc.
  • ICs integrated circuits
  • RFICs radio frequency integrated circuits
  • ASICs application specific integrated circuits
  • PCB printed circuits board
  • electronic equipment etc.
  • the processor and transceiver can also be fabricated using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), nMetal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), P-type Metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • NMOS nMetal-oxide-semiconductor
  • PMOS P-type Metal oxide semiconductor
  • BJT bipolar junction transistor
  • BiCMOS bipolar CMOS
  • SiGe silicon germanium
  • GaAs gallium arsenide
  • the communication apparatus described in the above embodiments may be the first device, but the scope of the communication apparatus described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication apparatus may not be limited by FIG. 20 .
  • the communication apparatus may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the communication means may be:
  • a set with one or more ICs may also include a storage component for storing data and instructions;
  • ASIC such as modem (MSM)
  • the communication device may be a chip or a chip system
  • the chip 2100 shown in FIG. 21 includes a processor 2101 and an interface 2102 .
  • the number of processors 2101 may be one or more, and the number of interfaces 2102 may be multiple.
  • the interface 2102 is used to receive the first indication information from the network device; the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to receive the first data based on the first constellation map; the first constellation map is to add multiple data to the second constellation map The constellation diagram obtained by the second constellation point; the second constellation diagram is the constellation diagram corresponding to the first data sent by the network device to the terminal device;
  • the interface 2102 is further configured to receive data based on the first constellation.
  • the interface 2102 is used to receive second indication information from the network device, where the second indication information is used to indicate the search space corresponding to the disturbance vector used by the terminal device when receiving the first data;
  • the interface 2102 is further configured to receive the first data based on the disturbance vector determined in the search space.
  • the processor 2101 is configured to determine first indication information; the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to receive the first data based on the first constellation diagram; the first constellation diagram is to add multiple second constellations in the second constellation diagram The constellation diagram obtained from the point; the second constellation diagram is the constellation diagram corresponding to the first data sent by the network device to the terminal device;
  • the interface 2102 is used to send the first indication information to the terminal device.
  • the processor 2101 is configured to determine second indication information; the second indication information is used to indicate the search space corresponding to the disturbance vector used by the terminal device when receiving the first data;
  • the interface 2102 is used to send the second indication information to the terminal device.
  • the communication apparatus 2000 and the chip 2100 in the embodiments of the present application may also perform the implementation manners described in the foregoing communication apparatus 1900 .
  • the present application further provides a computer-readable medium for storing computer software instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the communication device, the functions of any of the foregoing method embodiments are implemented.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product for storing computer software instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the communication device, the functions of any of the foregoing method embodiments are implemented.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented in software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line, DSL) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes an integration of one or more available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, high-density digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state disks, SSD)) etc.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种数据接收方法及装置。当该方法应用于终端设备时，该方法包括：接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据，第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图，第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图，使得终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据，从而有利于减少终端设备进行取模运算导致第一数据对应的接收符号出现误判的概率，即降低了终端设备接收第一数据的误码率，提高了终端设备的接收性能。

Description

一种数据接收方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种数据接收方法及装置。
背景技术
为提升频谱利用率，针对多用户的多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output，MIMO)技术被提出，且该MIMO技术在新一代移动通信系统中占据了关键地位。MIMO技术中存在较为复杂的数据处理方法，尤其是在下行链路中为消除用户间的干扰而采取的算法。当前网络设备采用的最简单的算法是线性预编码算法，比如基于迫零(zero forces，ZF)准则、最小均方误差(minimum mean square error，MMSE)准则。然而，网络设备采用线性算法进行预编码时会导致终端设备的信噪比降低，特别是在用户非均匀分布且多用户的信道矩阵高度相关时，终端设备的信噪比降低现象较为明显。
因此，为提高多用户场景下MIMO系统中终端设备的接收性能，提出了非线性预编码算法，如模代数预编码(Tomlinson-Harashimaprecoding，THP)算法、向量扰动(vector perturbation，VP)算法。网络设备采用非线性预编码算法对数据进行预编码时涉及对数据的取模运算，对应地，终端设备接收数据时也会涉及对数据的取模运算。若网络设备发送的数据符号在其对应的星座图的边缘处，那么受噪声的影响，终端设备进行取模运算后，会导致接收符号落入到另一个星座点的判决区域内，导致对接收符号判决出错，从而对数据解调错误，即导致终端设备对数据接收的误码率较高，使得终端设备的接收性能仍不佳。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种数据接收方法及装置，有利于提高终端设备的接收性能。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据接收方法。该方法可应用于终端设备，该方法包括：接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据，第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图，第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图；从而基于第一星座图接收第一数据。
可见，本申请实施例中，终端设备不再是仅根据上述第二星座图中的第一星座点接收第一数据，而是基于上述多个第一星座点和多个第二星座点构成的第一星座图接收第一数据，从而有利于减少终端设备进行取模运算导致第一数据对应的接收符号出现误判的概率，即降低了终端设备接收第一数据的误码率，提高了终端设备的接收性能。
一种可选的实现方式中，上述基于第一星座图接收第一数据之前，还包括：基于第二星座图中两相邻第一星座点间的距离在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点，获得第一星座图。也就是说，终端设备可在接收第一数据之前，预先根据第二星座图获得第一星座图，从而可使得终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据。
一种可选的实现方式中，上述基于第一星座图接收第一数据，包括：基于第一星座图中的第一星座点和第二星座点，计算第一数据对应的似然比LLR，然后基于该LLR接收第一数据。
终端设备基于第一星座图中第一星座点和第二星座点计算获得的第一数据对应的LLR值，相对于终端设备基于第二星座图中的第一星座点计算获得的LLR值的方式而言，该实现方式获得的LLR值的误差较小，从而可减少终端设备进行取模运算导致第一数据对应的接收符号出现误判的概率，提高了终端设备的接收性能。
一种可选的实现方式中，上述基于第一星座图中的第一星座点和第二星座点，计算第一数据对应的似然比LLR，包括：基于第一星座图中的两个星座点以及第一数据对应的解调方式，计算第一数据对应的似然比LLR。
该实现方式中，终端设备不再是基于第二星座图中的两个或两个以上的第一星座点计算获得第一数据对应的LLR，而是基于第一星座图中的两个星座点和第一数据的解调方式，计算获得第一数据对应的LLR，从而可降低终端设备的复杂度。
一种可选的实现方式中，上述基于第一星座图中的两个星座点以及第一数据的解调方式，计算第一数据对应的似然比LLR，包括：根据第一星座图中的第一星座点间的距离和第二星座点间的距离，以及第一数据的解调方式，确定第一门限值；然后根据第一门限值和第一数据对应的接收符号均衡后获得的第一数值，计算该接收符号的似然比LLR。
可见，该实现方式基于第一星座点和第二星座点确定的第一门限值计算该LLR值，从而可降低终端设备的复杂度。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二星座点间的距离和第一星座点间的距离相等。
另一种可选的实现方式中，第二星座点间的距离和第一星座点间的距离不相等。
一种可选的实现方式中，第一指示信息携带于以下一种信令中：无线资源控制RRC信令、下行控制信息DCI信令、介质访问控制MAC层信令。也就是说，终端设备可通过RRC信令或DCI信令或MAC信令接收第一指示信息。
一种可选的实现方式中，终端设备还可对传输第一数据的信道进行译码，从而实现对第一数据的接收。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供另一种数据接收方法，该方法也可应用于终端设备。该方法中，接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；从而基于该搜索空间确定的扰动向量接收第一数据。
可见，本申请实施例中，终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量是基于网络设备指示的搜索空间确定的，从而可减少终端设备确定扰动向量的复杂度，进而有利于提高终端设备的接收性能。
一种可选的实现方式中，搜索空间是通过第一参数的值指示的，或者是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的。
也就是说，第二指示信息可以是第一参数的值，终端设备可直接通过第一参数的值确定扰动向量的搜索空间，从而可降低终端设备的复杂度。或者，第二指示信息还可以是第 一参数对应的索引，该索引对应的第一参数的值用于指示扰动向量的搜索空间，该方式有利于减少网络设备的信令开销。
一种可选的实现方式中，若搜索空间是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的，那么接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息之前，还包括：接收来自网络设备的第三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示第一参数的取值范围。从而，终端设备接收到网络设备指示的第一参数对应的索引后，可在第一参数的取值范围中确定第一参数的值。
一种可选的实现方式中，第一参数的取值范围是网络设备预定义的。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二指示信息是根据第一数据的符号确定的。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二指示信息携带于无线资源控制RRC信令或下行控制信息DCI中。
一种可选的实现方式中，第三指示信息携带于下行控制信息DCI信或介质访问控制MAC层信令中。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供又一种数据接收方法。该方面的数据接收方法与第一方面所述的数据接收方法相对应，该方面的数据接收方法可应用于网络设备。该方法包括：确定第一指示信息；第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图；然后向终端设备发送该第一指示信息。
可见，该方法中，网络设备通过向终端设备发送第一指示信息的方式，指示终端设备基于上述第一星座图中的第一星座点和第二星座点接收第一数据，从而有利于减少终端设备进行取模运算导致第一数据对应的接收符号出现误判的概率，即有利于降低终端设备接收第一数据的误码率，提高终端设备的接收性能。
一种可选的实现方式中，第一指示信息携带于以下一种信令中：无线资源控制RRC信令、下行控制信息DCI信令、介质访问控制MAC层信令。也就是说，网络设备可通过RRC信令或DCI信令或MAC层信令，将第一指示信息发送给终端设备。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二星座点间的距离和第一星座点间的距离相等。
另一种可选的实现方式中，第二星座点间的距离和第一星座点间的距离不相等。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供又一种数据接收方法。该方面的数据接收方法与第二方面所述的数据接收方法相对应，该方面的数据接收方法也可应用于网络设备。该方法包括：确定第二指示信息；第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；并向终端设备发送该第二指示信息。
可见，网络设备通过第二指示信息将终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间告知给终端设备，使得终端设备可根据该搜索空间确定的扰动向量接收第一数据，从而有利于降低终端设备的复杂度，进而有利于提高终端设备的接收性能。
一种可选的实现方式中，搜索空间是通过第一参数的值指示的，或者是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的。
也就是说，第二指示信息可以是第一参数的值，网络设备可直接通过第一参数的值告知终端设备扰动向量的搜索空间，从而有利于降低终端设备的复杂度。或者，第二指示信 息还可以是第一参数对应的索引，该索引对应的第一参数的值用于指示扰动向量的搜索空间，该方式有利于减少网络设备的信令开销。
一种可选的实现方式中，若搜索空间是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的，那么上述确定第二指示信息之前，还包括：向终端设备发送第三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示第一参数的取值范围。从而有利于终端设备接收到网络设备指示的第一参数对应的索引后，在该第一参数的取值范围内确定第一参数的值。
一种可选的实现方式中，第一参数的取值范围是网络设备预定义的。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二指示信息是根据第一数据的符号确定的。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二指示信息携带于无线资源控制RRC信令或下行控制信息DCI信令中。
一种可选的实现方式中，第三指示信息携带于下行控制信息DCI信令或介质访问控制MAC层信令中。
第五方面，本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置。该通信装置具有实现上述第一方面所述终端设备的部分或全部功能，或者该通信装置具有实现上述第二方面所述终端设备的部分或全部功能，或者该通信装置具有实现上述第三方面所述网络设备的部分或全部功能，或者该通信装置具有实现上述第四方面所述网络设备的部分或全部功能。比如，该通信装置的功能可具备本申请中终端设备的部分或全部实施例中的功能，也可以具备单独实施本申请中的任一个实施例的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的单元或模块。
在一种可能的设计中，该通信装置的结构中可包括处理单元和通信单元，所述处理单元被配置为支持通信装置执行上述方法中相应的功能。所述通信单元用于支持通信装置与其他通信装置之间的通信。所述通信装置还可以包括存储单元，所述存储单元用于与处理单元和通信单元耦合，其保存通信装置必要的程序指令和数据。
一种可选的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括：
通信单元，用于接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图；
处理单元，还用于基于第一星座图接收第一数据。
另外，该方面中，通信装置其他可选的实施方式可参见上述第一方面的相关内容，此处不再详述。
另一种可选的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括：
通信单元，用于接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
处理单元，还用于基于搜索空间确定的扰动向量接收第一数据。
另外，该方面中，通信装置其他可选的实施方式可参见上述第二方面的相关内容，此处不再详述。
又一种可选的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括：
处理单元，用于确定第一指示信息；第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图；
通信单元，用于向终端设备发送该第一指示信息。
另外，该方面中，通信装置其他可选的实现方式可参见上述第三方面的相关内容，此处不再详述。
又一种可选的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括：
处理单元，用于确定第二指示信息；第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
通信单元，用于向终端设备发送第二指示信息。
另外，该方面中，通信装置其他可选的实现方式可参见上述第四方面的相关内容，此处不再详述。
作为示例，通信单元可以为收发器或接口，存储单元可以为存储器，处理单元可以为处理器。
一种可选的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括：
收发器，用于接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图；
处理器，还用于基于第一星座图接收第一数据。
另外，该方面中，通信装置其他可选的实现方式可参见上述第一方面的相关内容，此处不再详述。
另一种可选的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括：
收发器，用于接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
处理器，还用于基于搜索空间确定的扰动向量接收第一数据。
另外，该方面中，通信装置其他可选的实现方式可参见上述第二方面的相关内容，此处不再详述。
又一种可选的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括：
处理器，用于确定第一指示信息；第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图；
收发器，用于向终端设备发送第一指示信息。
另外，该方面中，通信装置其他可选的实现方式可参见上述第三方面的相关内容，此处不再详述。
又一种可选的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括：
处理器，用于确定第二指示信息；第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
收发器，用于向终端设备发送第二指示信息。
另外，该方面中，通信装置其他可选的实现方式可参见上述第四方面的相关内容，此处不再详述。
该通信装置可以是通信设备，例如终端设备或网络设备，也可以是芯片系统。当该通信装置是通信设备时，在实现过程中，处理器可用于进行，例如但不限于，基带相关处理，收发器可用于进行，例如但不限于，射频收发。上述器件可以分别设置在彼此独立的芯片上，也可以至少部分的或者全部的设置在同一块芯片上。例如，处理器可以进一步划分为模拟基带处理器和数字基带处理器。其中，模拟基带处理器可以与收发器集成在同一块芯片上，数字基带处理器可以设置在独立的芯片上。随着集成电路技术的不断发展，可以在同一块芯片上集成的器件越来越多。例如，数字基带处理器可以与多种应用处理器(例如但不限于图形处理器，多媒体处理器等)集成在同一块芯片之上。这样的芯片可以称为系统芯片(system on chip)。将各个器件独立设置在不同的芯片上，还是整合设置在一个或者多个芯片上，往往取决于产品设计的需要。本申请实施例对上述器件的实现形式不做限定。
当该通信装置是芯片系统时，该芯片系统包括处理器和接口，所述接口用于获取程序或指令，所述处理器用于调用所述程序或指令以实现或者支持终端设备实现第一方面所涉及的功能，或者，所述处理器用于调用所述程序或指令以实现或者支持终端设备实现第二方面所涉及的功能，所述处理器用于调用所述程序或指令以实现或者支持网络设备实现第三方面所涉及的功能，所述处理器用于调用所述程序或指令以实现或者支持网络设备实现第四方面所涉及的功能。例如，确定或处理上述方法中所涉及的数据和信息中的至少一种。在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还包括存储器，所述存储器，用于保存终端必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
第六方面，本申请还提供一种处理器，用于执行上述各种方法。在执行这些方法的过程中，上述方法中有关发送上述信息和接收上述信息的过程，可以理解为由处理器输出上述信息的过程，以及处理器接收输入的上述信息的过程。在输出上述信息时，处理器将该上述信息输出给收发器，以便由收发器进行发射。该上述信息在由处理器输出之后，还可能需要进行其他的处理，然后才到达收发器。类似的，处理器接收输入的上述信息时，收发器接收该上述信息，并将其输入处理器。更进一步的，在收发器收到该上述信息之后，该上述信息可能需要进行其他的处理，然后才输入处理器。
基于上述原理，举例来说，前述方法中提及的接收第一指示信息可以理解为处理器输入第一指示信息。
对于处理器所涉及的发射、发送和接收等操作，如果没有特殊说明，或者，如果未与其在相关描述中的实际作用或者内在逻辑相抵触，则均可以更加一般性的理解为处理器输出和接收、输入等操作，而不是直接由射频电路和天线所进行的发射、发送和接收操作。
在实现过程中，上述处理器可以是专门用于执行这些方法的处理器，也可以是执行存储器中的计算机指令来执行这些方法的处理器，例如通用处理器。上述存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请实施例对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。
第七方面，本申请还提供了一种通信系统，该系统包括上述方面的至少一个终端设备和至少一个网络设备。在另一种可能的设计中，该系统还可以包括本申请提供的方案中与终端设备或网络设备进行交互的其他设备。
第八方面，本申请提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于储存计算机软件指令，当所述指令被通信装置执行时，实现上述第一方面至第四方面中任一方面所述的方法。
第九方面，本申请还提供了一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，当其在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置执行上述第一方面至第四方面中任一方面所述的方法。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种QPSK调制方式下的星座图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种THP算法的结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种ZF算法和THP算法的仿真示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的另一种QPSK调制方式下的星座图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种VP算法的结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种用户分布示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种用户分布与终端设备的接收性能之间的趋势图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种数据接收方法的流程示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种第一星座图和第二星座图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的另一种第一星座图和第二星座图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的又一种第一星座图和第二星座图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的又一种QPSK调制方式下的星座图；
图14是本申请实施例提供的又一种QPSK调制方式下的星座图；
图15是本申请实施例提供的另一种数据接收方法的流程示意图；
图16是本申请实施例提供的一种扰动向量的搜索范围；
图17是本申请实施例提供的另一种ZF算法和THP算法的仿真示意图；
图18是本申请实施例提供的一种ZF算法和VP算法的仿真示意图；
图19是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图20是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图21是本申请实施例提供的一种芯片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请实施例进行清楚、完整的描述。
首先，为了更好的理解本申请实施例公开的数据接收方法，对本申请实施例适用的通信系统进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可应用于各种通信系统中。例如，第四代移动通信(4th-generation，4G)系统，第五代移动通信(5th-generation，5G)系统、第六代移动通 信(6th-generation，6G)系统以及随着通信技术的不断发展，本申请实施例的技术方案还可用于后续演进的通信系统，如第七代移动通信(7th-generation，7G)系统等等。
请参见图1，图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的结构示意图。该通信系统可包括但不限于一个网络设备和一个终端设备。图1所示的设备数量和形态用于举例并不构成对本申请实施例的限定，实际应用中可以包括两个或两个以上的网络设备，两个或两个以上的终端设备。图1所示的通信系统以一个网络设备，一个终端设备，且该网络设备能够为该终端设备提供服务为例进行阐述。其中，图1中的网络设备以基站为例，终端设备以手机为例。
本申请实施例中，网络设备可为具有无线收发功能的设备或可设置于该设备的芯片，该网络设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、网络设备控制器(base station controller，BSC)、网络设备收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭网络设备(例如，home evolved Node B，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，无线保真(wireless fidelity，WIFI)系统中的接入点(access point，AP)、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission and reception point，TRP或者transmission point，TP)等，还可以为4G、5G甚至6G系统中使用的设备，如，NR系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，4G系统中的网络设备的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)，或微微网络设备(Picocell)，或毫微微网络设备(Femtocell)，或，智能驾驶场景中的路侧单元(road side unit，RSU)。
在一些部署中，gNB可以包括集中单元(centralized unit，CU)和分布单元(distributed unit，DU)。gNB还可以包括有源天线单元(active antenna unit，AAU)。CU实现gNB的部分功能，DU实现gNB的部分功能。比如，CU负责处理非实时协议和服务，实现无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)，分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层的功能。DU负责处理物理层协议和实时服务，实现无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层、介质接入控制(medium access control，MAC)层和物理(physical，PHY)层的功能。AAU实现部分物理层处理功能、射频处理及有源天线的相关功能。由于RRC层的信息最终会变成PHY层的信息，或者，由PHY层的信息转变而来，因而，在这种架构下，高层信令，如RRC层信令，也可以认为是由DU发送的，或者，由DU和AAU发送的。可以理解的是，网络设备可以为包括CU节点、DU节点、AAU节点中一项或多项的设备。此外，可以将CU划分为接入网(radio access network，RAN)中的网络设备，也可以将CU划分为核心网(core network，CN)中的网络设备，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
本申请实施例中，终端设备可为与上述网络设备进行通信的设备或可设置于该设备的芯片。终端设备可包括但不限于：用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端设备、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端设备、移动设备、用户终端设备、用户代理或用户装置等。再比如，终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality， AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、车联网(vehicle-to-everything，V2X)中的无线终端或无线终端类型的RSU等等。
为了便于理解本申请公开的实施例，作以下两点说明。
(1)本申请公开的实施例中场景以无线通信网络中NR网络的场景为例进行说明，应当指出的是，本申请公开的实施例中的方案还可以应用于其他无线通信网络中，相应的名称也可以用其他无线通信网络中的对应功能的名称进行替代。
(2)本申请公开的实施例将围绕包括多个设备、组件、模块等的系统来呈现本申请实施例的各个方面、实施例或特征。应当理解和明白的是，各个系统可以包括另外的设备、组件、模块等，并且/或者可以并不包括结合附图讨论的所有设备、组件、模块等。此外，还可以使用这些方案的组合。
以下对本申请实施例涉及到的名词进行阐述：
1.模代数预编码(Tomlinson-Harashimaprecoding，THP)算法。
THP算法关键的两部分操作包括取模运算和用户间干扰预消除。其中，THP算法中的取模运算定义为：
mod τ(x)＝f τ[Im(x)+jf τ[Re(x)]          (1)
其中，x为数据符号，τ是取模常量，通常规定τ的值为：
τ＝2|c| max+Δ            (2)
其中，|c| max为星座点的最大幅度值，Δ为星座点之间的最小欧式距离。例如，以正交相移键控(Quadrature Phase Shift Keying，QPSK)调制方式为例，QPSK对应的星座图中的初始星座点的集合为
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000001
则根据公式(2)计算获得
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000002
如图2所示，图2为QPSK调制方式对应的星座图，该星座图中最初的调制符号的取值仅包括图2中虚线框区域内的四个符号，即标准QPSK的星座点。而网络设备对调制符号进行预干扰消除后，调制符号可能是平面中的任意一点，从而使得网络设备的发送功率增大。而网络设备采用公式(1)对调制符号进行取模运算后，预编码之后的调制符号将会被限制在虚线框的区域内，从而可实现对网络设备发送功率的控制。因此，THP算法中的取模运算可控制网络设备的发送功率。
另外，THP算法中的用户间干扰预消除操作采取连续干扰消除(succession interference cancellation，SIC)。首先，网络设备对信道矩阵H进行LQ分解：
H＝LQ          (3)
其中，L是下三角矩阵，Q是M维酉矩阵。若L为预编码矩阵，则获取下三角矩阵L可使得用户间的干扰具有因果性，即每个用户的干扰可看做是仅与之前处理的用户干扰相关，不受尚未处理的用户干扰的影响。
然后，在下三角矩阵L的基础上定义矩阵B：
B＝LG           (4)
其中，
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000003
从而矩阵B是对角线元素全为1的下三角矩阵。
网络设备进行连续干扰消除是为了使得每个用户的数据流能够逐次消除之前处理的数据流对其的干扰，具体的实现为：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000004
其中，a k为用户k的干扰消除前的数据符号，
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000005
为用户k的干扰消除后的数据符号，可见，
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000006
与
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000007
相关，满足因果性。
由于：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000008
则：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000009
从而，公式(5)的运算等效于：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000010
也就是说，该运算实际是在对矩阵B进行干扰消除。
为在网络设备处预消除所有的信道干扰，经过SIC处理之后的向量
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000011
还需要预消除矩阵G和Q的影响，即乘矩阵Q HG后才能通过信道：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000012
由于在公式(5)中并未引入取模操作，所以公式(8)虽然完全消除了信道的干扰，但与基于迫零(zero forces，ZF)准则相比，没有本质区别，即网络设备都是通过信道矩阵的逆矩阵来实现干扰消除的。因此，在公式(5)的SIC过程中引入取模操作后，每个
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000013
通过增减τ的整数倍，使其发送数据的符号限制在根据τ确定的取模界限内，从而可实现对发送功率的控制。另外，为保证发送功率恒定，还需要功率增益因子的对发送功率的控制。相应地，终端设备为了正确解调信号，在对接收数据解调之前也需进行取模运算，进而恢复出取模后的信息。上述将SIC过程和取模运算结合起来即为如图3所示的THP算法的过程。其中，a为发送信息，
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000014
为采用THP算法预编码后的发送信息，mode τ为取模运算，P 为发送功率，β为功率控制因子，H代表信道，∫代表对接收符号的判决，
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000015
为接收到的信息，n为噪声，反馈环路中的B-I矩阵代表上述SIC过程。
因为
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000016
则：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000017
当上下行信道匹配时，接收侧接收信号为：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000018
从而，终端设备接收的解调参考信号(demodulation reference sgnal，DMRS)为：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000019
当采用正交导频时，对于终端设备i而言，可以将
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000020
滤除。由于Q矩阵本身是总功率归一的，从而乘Q矩阵的方法是不会引起导频符号的功率抬升。
由上述分析可知，THP算法能够消除多天线信道带来的干扰，且通过取模运算可限制发送信号的功率，但从图4所示的ZF预编码和THP算法对应的仿真结果可以看出，该网络设备采用THP算法进行预编码时，终端设备的吞吐量远小于网络设备采用ZF预编码时的吞吐量。也就是说，网络设备采用THP算法预编码时终端设备的接收性能远小于网络设备采用ZF预编码时终端设备的接收性能。这是由于THP算法中存在无法避免的性能损失，其主要性能损失来源于：成形损失、功率损失和取模损失。该三种主要性能损失来源也是非线性预编码算法中的主要性能损失来源。以下分别阐述三种主要损失：
1)成形损失：在非线性预编码算法的干扰预消除中，为避免初始信息减去干扰后的信息的发送功率增大，采用了取模运算，从而将去扰后的信息限制在
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000021
的范围内，经过取模运算后的发送信息的元素在区间
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000022
内是均匀分布的。而根据香农信道容量公式，若传输速率要达到高斯加性白噪声(additive white Gaussian noise，AWGN)信道的信道容量，要求信道的输入是高斯分布，而非线性预编码算法中的输入是均匀分布的，因此造成了发送信息的成形损失。在AWGN信道中，成形损失在低信噪比(signal noise ratio，SNR)时表现得并不显著，而在高SNR的情况下，最终的成形损失可达到1.53dB。
若要修复成形损耗，必须在高维度的球体中使用非因果方面的信息来进行取模操作。非线性预编码算法中的取模操作相当于一维的量化过程，取模操作的输出就是量化误差。高维度的取模操作就相当于输出矢量量化误差的矢量量化器。理想矢量量化器的泰森多边形区域(Voronoi Region)就是一个高维度的球体，可以获得一部分成形增益，当与立方体相比时可以使得发送功率减小量达1.53dB。由于成形损耗只在高SNR段才较为显著，而 加了Turbo编译码的非线性预编码算法在多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output，MIMO)系统的高SNR区域的误码率(bit error rate，BER)已经很低。因此考虑到终端设备实现复杂度和量化误差空口传输需要改动标准，本申请实施例对成形损耗暂时忽略。
2)功率损失：虽然非线性预编码算法通过取模运算限制了发送功率，但在
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000023
内均匀分布的发送信息，其平均功率仍高于初始信息。对于M阶正交振幅(M-quadrature amplitude modulation，M-QAM)调制，其功率损失为M 2/(M 2-1)。因此功率损失在低SNR的信道中采用低阶调制时才会有显著影响。因此本申请实施例也暂时忽略功率损耗。
3)取模损失：即非线性预编码算法在终端设备进行取模运算时所带来的损失。根据取模运算的特点，无论接收到的符号有多大，终端设备经过取模后都会将接收符号限制在
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000024
区域内，并且将其判定为距离其最近的星座点，以恢复出最初的符号。但倘若发送的符号在某个扩展星座图的边缘处，受噪声影响后在终端设备进行取模运算，有可能会落到另一个星座点的判决区域内，导致判决出错。取模损失在采用低阶调制时会比较显著。
以下结合第s个接收符号的第l个比特的似然比(likelihood ratio，LLR)阐述取模损耗：
终端设备在取模之前，每个用户的接收符号等效于：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000025
因而对于任意第i个用户而言，其发射信号与接收信号之间的关系可表示为：
y＝x+λn＝x+n′              (13)
假设n服从均值为量，方差为σ 2的高斯随机变量，而λ是一个常数，因此n′也是服从均值为零，方差为λ 2σ 2的高斯随机分布，且服从
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000026
假设M-QAM星座点的集合表示为χ，令
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000027
和
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000028
表示第s个接收符号的第l个比特分别为0和1的候选符号集，公式(14)对应的第s个接收符号的第l个比特的似然比LLR(b s,l)表示为：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000029
在已知发射符号为v的条件下，接收符号y s的条件概率密度函数为：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000030
此时假设所有的发射符号在星座图上均是服从等概率分布的，那么上述似然比可表示为：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000031
对公式(16)运算Max-log-MAP算法，上述LLR可简化为：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000032
用
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000033
对公式(17)进行归一化，得到：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000034
基于公式(17)，下面以QPSK调制方式下的收发系统为例，简要分析取模操作给终端设备计算LLR带来的影响。如图5所示，当发送符号为S1时，由于噪声的影响，接收符号会落到取模界限之外，即A点处。若没有取模操作，那么按照公式(17)计算得到的接收符号的第一个比特的LLR值应该是一个具有较大幅度的整数，这是因为取模操作之前的接收符号离S1(距离接收符号最近的且第一个比特为0的点)比S2(距离接收符号最近的且第一个比特为1的点)更近些。当接收端引入取模运算后，接收符号会滑到取模界限内，但却滑到了星座图中的另一端，如图5所示的B点，此时接收符号离S2比S1近，因此按照公式(17)计算获得的上述LLR值变成了一个具有很大幅度的负数。也就是说，接收端经过取模操作后，同样一个比特的LLR值由原来的一个很大的正数变成了一个很大的负数，这即为取模误差。该取模误差使得LLR信息高度失准，当该失准后的LLR值输入到Turbo译码器中时，译码器很难矫正该误差，从而会增大终端设备对接收符号判决出错的概率，进而导致终端设备的接收性能较差。
2.向量扰动(vector perturbation，VP)算法。
VP算法是通过改变发送信息a来获得性能增益，具体做法是在发送信息a之后增加一个扰动向量，即：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000035
其中，p为增加的扰动向量，β＝||H +(a+p)|| 2，β为VP算法的功率增益因子，H为信道矩阵，P为功率约束因子，x为网络设预编码后的数据符号。
由于增加的扰动向量改变了初始的信息，因此终端设备要解调出信息必须要有去除扰动的方法。VP算法采用了与上述THP算法接收端相同的方法来去除扰动，即取模运算，这也使得扰动向量p的选取必须有一定的限制，否则接收端无法通过取模来去除扰动。
扰动向量p的取值范围为p∈τCZ，C为复数，Z为整数，即扰动向量p的所有元素都在τ倍的复整数域中取值，τ即是上述THP算法中的取模常量。从而终端设备便可通过取模运算消除扰动向量p：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000036
可见，接收信号的噪声由β决定。若期望终端设备获得较佳的接收性能，需β的值越小越好。又由于β＝||H +(a+p)|| 2，从而VP算法中可通过调节扰动向量P的值，使得β的值较小，进而提高终端设备的接收性能。
上述阐述的VP算法的系统框图如图6所示。其中，a为发送信息，p为扰动向量，
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000037
为采用THP算法预编码后的发送信息，mod e τ为取模运算，P为发送功率，β为功率控制因子，H代表信道，∫代表对接收符号的判决，n为噪声，
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000038
为接收到的信息，
对比图6和图3可见：VP算法的复杂度明显高于线性预编码和THP算法。这是因为求解扰动向量会耗费大量的计算，但可换来更优异的性能。因此，对扰动向量的求解，是VP算法中较为关键的问题。
请参见图7，图7是不同场景下用户的波束分布，横坐标轴代表波束索引1-64，该索引是根据64对天线对应的离散傅里叶变换(discrete Fourier transform，DFT)矩阵得到，纵坐标代表用户分布在对应波束索引上的百分比。从图7可以看出，在场景A中，分布比例大于5％的波束为6个，较多的波束上没有用户的分布，用户分布较为均匀；在场景B中，用户大多数都分布在波束索引为2、27、33、57、59对应的波束上，其用户分布与场景A下的分布相比，场景B中的用户分布较为集中；而在场景C中，用户大多数分布在索引7和索引35对应的波束，其用户分布与场景B中的用户分布相比，其用户分布更为密集，即用户分布较为不均匀。因此，从图7可以看出，在不同场景下，其用户的分布存在不均匀分布的特点。
另外，表1给出了在用户不同分布均匀的程度下，网络设备采用线性算法对发送数据进行预编码时的小区测试结果。从表1可以看出，场景1中，用户分布分散，即用户分布均匀，该场景下获得的小区的配对层数为7.4，小区吞吐率为128M；场景2中，用户分布较分散，即用户分布较均匀，该场景下获得的小区的配对层数为6.1，小区的吞吐率为77M；场景3中，用户分布较密集，即用户分布较为不均匀，该场景下获得的小区配对层数为5.3，小区吞吐率为55M；场景4中，用户分布较为密集，即用户分布不均匀，该场景下获得的配对层数为4.7，小区吞吐率为30M。可见，从表1的小区测试结果可获得如图8所示的用户分布与性能趋势图，即用户分布越不均匀，小区的配对性能越低，从而终端设备的信噪比降低现象较为明显，导致终端设备的接收性能越差。
表1
场景 用户数 用户分布 配对层数 小区吞吐率
场景1 601 分散 7.4 128M
场景2 411 较分散 6.1 77M
场景3 680 密集 5.3 55M
场景4 630 较密集 4.7 30M
目前，为解决线性算法造成的终端设备的信噪比恶化现象，提出了非线性算法。例如，上述的THP算法。该THP算法中，网络设备通过干扰消除来预消除干扰，从而降低迫零空间约束，提升终端设备的信噪比。再例如，上述的VP算法。该VP算法中，网络设备通过信道和信号的正交化处理，来降低等效信道矩阵的条件数，从而提升终端设备的信噪比。然而，目前网络设备基于非线性预编码对发送数据进行预编码得到的仿真结果均是在理想的信道估计和没有编码的情况下对BER性能的统计，考虑到实际信道估计时，统计的BER性能反而比网络设备采用线性算法对发送数据进行预编码时的BER性能低。
这是由于，网络设备采用非线性预编码算法对数据进行预编码时会涉及对数据的取模运算，对应地，终端设备接收数据时也会涉及对数据的取模运算。若网络设备发送的数据符号在其对应的星座图的边缘处，那么受噪声的影响，终端设备进行取模运算后，会导致接收符号落入到另一个星座点的判决区域内，导致对接收符号对应的星座点判决出错，从而对数据解调错误，即导致终端设备对数据接收的误码率较高，使得终端设备的接收性能仍达不到预期。
本申请实施例提供了一种数据接收方法100。该方法中，接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据，第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图，第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图；从而基于第一星座图接收第一数据。也就是说，终端设备不再是仅根据上述第二星座图中的第一星座点接收第一数据，而是基于上述多个第一星座点和多个第二星座点构成的第一星座图接收第一数据，从而有利于减少终端设备进行取模运算导致第一数据对应的接收符号出现误判的概率，即降低了终端设备接收第一数据的误码率，提高了终端设备的接收性能。
本申请实施例还提供一种数据接收方法200。该方法中，接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间，从而可基于该搜索空间确定的扰动向量接收第一数据。也就是说，终端设备接收第一数据所采用的扰动向量是基于网络设备指示的搜索空间确定的，从而可减少终端设备确定扰动向量的复杂度，进而有利于提高终端设备的接收性能。
以下结合附图对本申请实施例进行阐述。
请参见图9，图9是本申请实施例提供的一种数据接收方法100的流程示意图。该数据接收方法100以网络设备和终端设备为例，从网络设备与终端设备的交互角度进行阐述。该数据接收方法100包括但不限于以下步骤：
S101.网络设备确定第一指示信息；第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图；
其中，第一数据是网络设备向终端设备发送的数据，且是网络设备进行预编码前的数据。
一种可选的实现方式中，网络设备在采用非线性预编码算法对第一数据进行预编码时，为降低终端设备的取模损耗，网络设备确定用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据的第一指示信息，使得终端设备不再是基于第一数据对应的第二星座图接收数据，从而有利于提高终端设备的接收性能。例如，网络设备在采用THP算法或VP算法对第一数据进行预编码时，确定上述第一指示信息。
另一种可选的实现方式中，终端设备可根据本终端设备的处理能力，请求网络设备降低处理的复杂度，从而网络设备接收到终端设备的请求后，确定用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据的第一指示信息，从而使得终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据，进而有利于提高终端设备的接收性能。
S102.网络设备向终端设备发送第一指示信息；
一种可选的实现方式中，第一指示信息带于以下一种信令中：无线资源控制RRC信令、下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)信令、介质访问控制MAC层信令。也就是说，网络设备可通过RRC信令或DCI信令或MAC层信令将第一指示信息发送给终端设备，从而S103中，终端设备可通过RRC信令或者DCI信令或者MAC层信令接收第一指示信息。
可理解的，本申请实施例不对上述RRC信令或DCI信令的状态做限定。例如，上述RRC信令可以是半静态的RRC信令，上述DCI信令可以是动态的DCI信令，等等。
S103.终端设备接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；
S104.终端设备基于第一星座图接收数据。
一种可选的实现方式中，终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据之前，还包括：终端设备基于第二星座图中两相邻第一星座点间的距离在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点，获得第一星座图。也就是说，终端设备是按照第二星座点间的距离和两相邻第一星座点间的距离相等的原则，在第二星座图上增加多个第二星座点的。其中，第二星座图中两相邻第一星座点间的距离可指第二星座图中在横轴或纵轴方向上两相邻第一星座点间的距离。可选的，第二星座图中两相邻第一星座点间的距离也可指第二星座图中在对角线方向上两相邻第一星座点间的距离。
例如，网络设备采用QPSK对第一数据进行调制，那么第一数据对应的第二星座图为如图10所示的星座图，此时第一星图是基于图10中第二星座图的点A和点B第一星座点间的距离，分别在原来的四个第一星座点的基础上增加12个第二星座点获得的星座图，从而第一星座图中点E和点F间的距离与第二星座图中点A和点B间的距离相等。
再例如，网络设备采用16-QAM对第一数据进行调制，那么第一数据对应的第二星座图如图11所示，此时第一星座图是基于图11中两相邻第一星座点间的距离，分别在第二星座图最外层的第一星座点的基础上增加多个第二星座点后获得的星座图，即如图11所示的第一星座图。
再例如，网络设备采用64-QAM对第一数据进行调制，那么第一数据对应的第二星座图如图12所示，此时第一星座图是基于图12中两相邻第一星座点间的距离，分别在第一星座图最外层的第一星座点的基础上增加多个第二星座点后获得的星座图，即如图12所示的第一星座图。
一种实现方式中，星座点间的距离指的是在横轴方向或纵轴方向两相邻星座点间的距离。也就是说，第一星座点间的距离指的是第二星座图中在横轴方向或纵轴方向上两相邻第一星座点间的距离；第二星座点间的距离指的是第一星座图中在横轴方向或纵轴方向上相邻第二星座点间的距离。例如，如图10所示，第一星座点间的距离可指点A与点B之间的距离，还可指点A与点C之间的距离，还可指点C与点D之间的距离，还可指点B与点D之间的距离；第二星座点间的距离可指点E与点F之间的距离，还可指点E与点G之间的距离，等等。
另一种实现方式中，星座点间的距离指的是星座图中对角线上两相邻星座点间的距离。也就是说，第一星座点间的距离指的是第二星座图中对角线上两相邻第一星座点间的距离；第二星座点间的距离指的是第一星座图中对角线上两相邻星座点间的距离，两星座点中包括至少一个第二星座点。例如，如图10所示，第一星座点间的距离指的是点B和点C之间的距离，点A和点D之间的距离，第二星座点间的距离指的是点G和点F之间的距离，等等。
也就是说，星座点间的距离可以有上述两种理解方式，但本身申请实施例并不做限定。
一种可选的实现方式中，终端设备是先根据上述公式(2)计算获得取模常量τ，然后将第二星座图按照该τ的值分别在横轴和纵轴方向上平移，从而得到增加的多个第二星座点，获得第一星座图。该实现方式中，由于终端终端设备是按照τ的值对第二星座图进行平移，从而获得的第二星座点间的距离和第一星座点间的距离相等。也就是说，在第一星座图中，增加的多个第二星座点间的距离和原来的第一星座点间的距离相等。例如，图10中的第一星座图是终端设备按照τ将第二星座图进行平移获得的，则图10中的点E与点F之间的距离l 1与点A与点B之间的距离l 2相等，点B与点C间的距离和点G与点F之间的距离相等。
另一种可选的实现方式中，终端设备可根据上述τ以及网络设备预设的一个值，将第二星座图分别在横轴和纵轴方向上平移，从而得到增加的多个第二星座点，获得第一星座图。此时终端设备对第二星座图进行平移时，还结合了网络设备预设的值，从而使得第二星座点间的距离和第一星座点间的距离不再相等。例如，上述图10中的第一星座图是终端设备基于上述τ和网络设备指示的α将第二星座图进行横轴方向和纵轴方向进行平移得到的，α可为大于0，小于0.5的数。从而图10中的第二星座点间的距离和第一星座点间的距离不再相等指的是：点E与点F间的距离和点A与点B间的距离不再相等。
从上述图10、图11、图12观察可得，第一星座图是在第二星座图的最外层星座点上添加一层第二星座点获得的。可选的，终端设备可在第二星座图的最外层星座点上添加多层第二星座点获得第一星座图。比如，在第二星座图的最外层星座点上进行全屏扩展，添加多层第二星座点获得第一星座图。但由于按照上述公式(17)计算接收符号的LLR时，第一星座图中的很多外围星座点在求最小距离的过程中，会被自动舍去，因此一种可选的实施方式中，终端设备是在第二星座图的最外层星座点上增加一层第二星座点，获得第一星座图，从而可减少终端设备的复杂度。
以下阐述终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据的实施方式：一种可选的实现方式中，终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据，包括：基于第一星座图中的第一星座点和第二星座点，计算第一数据对应的似然比LLR，然后基于该LLR接收第一数据。
其中，终端设备是基于前述公式(17)计算第一数据对应的LLR的。该实现方式使得终端设备不再只基于第二星座图中的第一星座点计算第一数据对应的LLR，而是基于第一星座图中的第一星座点和第二星座点计算第一数据对应的LLR，从而使得终端设备可在第一数据对应的接收符号落入到其他符号的判决区域时，减少终端设备进行取模运算导致第一数据对应的接收符号出现误判的概率，即降低了终端设备接收第一数据的误码率，提高了终端设备的接收性能。
另一种可选的实现方式中，终端设备基于第一星座图中的第一星座点和第二星座点，计算第一数据对应的似然比LLR，包括：终端设备基于第一星座图中的两个星座点以及第一数据的解调方式，计算该第一数据对应的接收符号的似然比LLR。也就是说，终端设备在对接收符号进行判决时，不再是基于上述第二星座图中的两个以上的第一星座点对接收符号进行判决，而只需根据第一星座图中的两个星座点对接收符号进行判决，从而可降低终端设备对接收符号判决的复杂度。
也就是说，本申请实施例中的非线性预编码算法是基于第一星座图中的第一星座点和第二星座点计算第一数据对应的接收符号的LLR。例如，本申请实施例提出的非线性预编码算法为THP算法，为与目前的基于第二星座图中的第一星座点计算该接收符号的LLR的THP算法进行区别，本申请实施例将该方式下的THP算法称之为增强后的THP算法，但本申请实施例并不限定对该方式下的THP算法的命名做限定。
另外，分别如图10、图11、图12所示，终端设备基于第一星座图中第一星座点和第二星座点中的两个星座点，计算获得的第一数据对应的接收符号的LLR值，与终端设备基于第二星座图中的第一星座点计算获得的接收符号的LLR值相比，前者计算获得的LLR值误差小于后者计算获得的LLR值，从而有利于减少终端设备进行取模运算导致第一数据对应的接收符号出现误判的概率，即降低了终端设备接收第一数据的误码率，提高了终端设备的接收性能。
例如，终端设备采用QPSK对第一数据解调，从而终端设备获得的第一星座图如图13所示，从图13中可以看出，第一星座图包括12个星座点，即取模界限内的4个原始的第一星座点和增加的取模界限外的8个第二星座点。第一数据对应的接收符号S1在终端设备处经过取模运算后从第一象限漂移到第二象限，此时相比于S1，S8才是距离接收符号最近的比特0，因此需要与接收符号S2和接收符号间欧式距离(到比特1最近的点)相比较的是符号S8和接收符号间的欧氏距离(到比特0最近的点)，而不是接收符号S1和接收符号间的欧氏距离(因为S1不再是到比特0最近的点)。虽然S8到接收符号的欧氏距离仍然大于S2到接收符号的欧氏距离(即LLR还是负数)，但是因为取模运算之后的S8比S1更接近接收符号，从而使得按照前述公式(17)计算出来第一个比特的LLR的幅度比按照图9所示的第二星座图计算出来的原始LLR的幅度要小得多。如前所述，如果接收端没有引入取模运算，那么接收符号的第一个比特的LLR值将为正数，虽然本申请实施例提出的基于第一星座图进行软解调的方式没有将LLR值由负数校正为正数，但是相比于基于第 二星座图进行软解调同为负数的LLR的幅度却大大减小。从而大大减小了由于取模误差引起的LLR的失准度，并且使得Turbo译码器更容易的校正这些取模误差，有利于降低对接收符号对应的星座点判决出错的概率，进而提高接收端的接收性能。
当终端设备采用非线性预编码算法对第一数据进行预编码的过程中不存在取模损耗时，本申请实施例所提出的非线性预编码算法会影响对第一数据的LLR，但仍可提高终端设备的接收性能。例如，如图14所示，终端设备采用QPSK对第一数据进行解调，若接收符号落在取模界限内时，该方式下的非线性预编码算法将不会存在取模损耗，因而也不会引入取模误差。当接收符号落在s1和s2之间时，终端设备基于上述第一星座图计算获得的接收符号的LLR值与基于上述第二星座图计算获得的接收符号的LLR值相等，从而不会影响终端设备的接收性能。另外，当接收符号落在如图中所示的星座点s1与取模界限之间时，终端设备基于上述第一星座图计算获得的接收符号的LLR值与基于上述第二星座图计算获得的接收符号的LLR值的符号相同，但是幅度值将减小。
因此该情况下，终端设备基于第一星座图计算获得的接收符号的LLR数值有所减小，但是其数值的符号还是与基于第二星座图计算获得的LLR的符号相同，因此系统的性能衰落较小。这是由于Turbo译码器的性能是由取模误差决定的，本申请实施例提出的通过第一星座图接收第一数据来减小由于取模误差引起的LLR失准的方案仍可提高终端设备的接收性能。
又一种可选的实现方式中，终端设备基于第一星座图中第一星座点和第二星座点中的两个星座点以及对第一数据对应的接收符号的解调方式，计算接收符号的似然比LLR，包括：根据第一星座图中的第一星座点间的距离和第二星座点间的距离，以及第一数据的解调方式，确定第一门限值；根据第一门限值和第一数据对应的接收符号均衡后获得的第一数值，计算该接收符号的似然比LLR。
可理解的，终端设备在不同的解调方式下，可根据第一星座图中的第一星座点间的距离和第二星座点间的距离，确定第一门限值，再基于第一门限值和对接收符号均衡后获得的第一数值，对接收符号进行判决，通过对基于第二星座图计算获得的LLR值进行数学运算，计算获得接收符号的LLR。其中，该数学运算可包括但不限于加法运算、乘法运算、减法运算、绝对值运算、取模运算，等等。
可见，该实现方式下，终端设备获得接收符号的算法运算中，是基于第一星座点间的距离和第二星座点的距离确定第一门限值，即与上述基于第一星座点和第二星座点对接收符号进行判决是相同的处理方式，从而可降低获得的LLR值的误差，从而有利于降低接收第一数据的误码率，提高系统的性能。
以下以采用QPSK、16QAM、64QAM对第一数据进行解调为例，阐述上述基于第二星座图和第一星座图接收第一数据时对应的算法实现：
1.采用QPSK对第一数据进行解调。
a)基于第二星座图接收第一数据的LLR为：
D c,1＝X c(i)             (21)
b)基于第一星座图接收第一数据的LLR为：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000039
其中，用于判断x c(i)的2.5为上述根据第一星座图中的第一星座点间的距离和第二星座点间的距离确定的第一门限值。
一种可选的实现方式中，根据第一星座图中的第一星座点间的距离和第二星座点间的距离确定的第一门限值为2.5+ε，其中-0.5≤ε≤0.5。
2.采用16QAM对第一数据进行解调。
a)基于第二星座图接收第一数据的LLR为：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000040
b)基于第一星座图接收第一数据时的LLR为：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000041
其中，用于判断x c(i)的2、3、-2、3.5以及-3.5是上述根据第一星座图中的第一星座点间的距离和第二星座点间的距离确定的第一门限值。
一种可选的实现方式中，根据第一星座图中的第一星座点间的距离和第二星座点间的距离确定的第一门限值为2+ε 1、3+ε 2、3.5+ε 3、-2+ε 4、-3+ε 5、-3.5+ε 6，其中，-0.5≤ε 1≤0.5，-0.5≤ε 2≤0.5，-0.5≤ε 3≤0.5、-0.5≤ε 4≤0.5、-0.5≤ε 5≤0.5、-0.5≤ε 6≤0.5。
3.采用64QAM对第一数据进行解调。
a)基于第二星座图接收第一数据的LLR为：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000042
b)基于第一星座图接收第一数据的LLR为：
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000043
其中，用于判断x c(i)的2、4、5、6、-2、-4、-5、-6是上述根据第一星座图中的第一星座点间的距离和第二星座点间的距离确定的第一门限值。
一种可选的实现方式中，该情况下根据第一星座图中的第一星座点间的距离和第二星座点间的距离确定的第一门限值为2+ε 1、4+ε 2、5+ε 3、6+ε 4、-2+ε 5、-4+ε 6、-5+ε 7、-6+ε 8，其中-0.5≤ε 1≤0.5，-0.5≤ε 2≤0.5，-0.5≤ε 3≤0.5，-0.5≤ε 4≤0.5，-0.5≤ε 5≤0.5，-0.5≤ε 7≤0.5，-0.5≤ε 8≤0.5。
上述不同第一解调方式下，根据确定的第一门限值都不相同，从而可根据不同的解调方式确定的第一门限值接收第一数据，实现对第一数据的可靠接收。
可见，本申请实施例中，网络设备通过第一指示信息指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据，由于第一星座图包括第一数据对应的第二星座图中的第一星座点以及在第二星座图上增加的多个第二星座点，使得终端设备不再是仅根据上述第二星座图中的第一星座点接收第一数据，而是基于上述多个第一星座点和多个第二星座点构成的第一星座图接收第一数据，从而有利于减少终端设备进行取模运算导致第一数据对应的接收符号出现误判的概率，即降低了终端设备接收第一数据的误码率，提高了终端设备的接收性能。
可理解的，本申请实施例是针对终端设备采用非线性预编码技术解调时提出的数据接收方法，因此本申请实施例提高了终端设备的接收性能，也可理解为是提高了非线性预编码的增益。
请参见图15，图15是本申请实施例提供的一种数据接收方法200的流程示意图。该数据接收方法200以网络设备和终端设备为例，从网络设备与终端设备的交互角度进行阐述。该数据接收方法200包括但不限于以下步骤：
S201.网络设备确定第二指示信息；第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
一种可选的实现方式中，网络设备在采用非线性预编码算法对第一数据进行预编码时，确定第二指示信息，通过第二指示信息将终端设备接收第一数据所采用的扰动向量的搜索空间指示给终端设备，从而有利于降低终端设备确定扰动向量的复杂度。例如，网络设备在采用VP算法对第一数据进行预编码时，确定上述第二指示信息。
S202.网络设备向终端设备发送第二指示信息；
一种可选的实现方式中，第二指示信息携带于无线资源控制RRC信令或下行控制信息DCI中。也就是说，网络设备通过RRC信令或DCI信令将第二指示信息发送给终端设备，从而终端设备也通过RRC信令或DCI信令接收该第二指示信息。
S203.终端设备接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息；
S204.终端设备基于搜索空间确定的扰动向量接收第一数据。
其中，第一数据参见上述数据接收方法100中的阐述，不再赘述。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二指示信息指示的搜索空间是通过第一参数的值指示的。也就是说，第一参数的值可指示扰动向量的搜索空间，从而网络设备可通过向终端设备指示第一参数的值来指示扰动向量的搜索空间。例如，第一参数为l，l的值可为1、2、3、4，其中，l的值为1时用于指示搜索空间为[2,5]，l的值为2时用于指示搜索空间为[5,9]，l的值为3时用于指示搜索空间为[10,23]，l的值为4时用于指示搜索空间为[24,38]。
另一种可选的实现方式中，第二指示信息指示的搜索空间是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的。也就是说，第一指示信息的内容是第一参数的索引，终端设备接收到第一指示信息后，可通过该第一参数的索引确定第一参数的值，进而根据该第一参数的值确定扰动向量的搜索空间。
终端设备根据第一参数的索引在第一参数的取值范围内确定第一参数的值。一种实现方式中，网络设备确定第二指示信息之前，向终端设备发送第三指示信息，第三指示信息 用于指示第一参数的取值范围，从而网络设备在向终端设备指示第一参数的索引时，终端设备可通过第一参数的索引在第一参数的取值范围内确定出第一参数的值。
一种可选的实现方式中，第三指示信息携带于RRC信令或DCI信令中。也就是说，网络设备可通过RRC信令或DCI信令将第三指示信息发送给终端设备，从而终端设备通过RRC信令或DCI信令接收第三指示信息。可选的，该RRC信令是半静态RRC信令，该DCI信令是动态DCI信令，本申请实施例不对RRC信令和DCI信令的状态做限定。
另一种可选的实现方式中，第一参数的取值范围是网络设备预定义的。可理解的，第一参数的取值范围是网络设备在终端设备中预先定义的，从而终端设备无需通过第三指示信息将第一参数的取值范围告知给终端设备。可选的，第一参数的取值范围是网络设备在本网络设备中预定义的，从而网络设备再通过上述第三指示信息将预定义的第一参数的取值范围告知给终端设备。例如，网络设备预先根据对第一数据的调制方式，定义第一参数的取值范围，并通过第三指示信息将该第一参数的取值范围告知给终端设备。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二指示信息是通过第一数据的符号确定的。可理解的，第二指示信息是通过第一数据的符号和扰动向量的反对称性确定的。其中，该扰动向量的反对称性指的是扰动向量的取值互为相反数的性质。
例如，如表2所示，终端设备采用QPSK对第一数据解调，终端设备对第一数据对应的接收符号进行解调时所采用的扰动向量对应的扰动元素的取值为-1，0，1，且当第一数据的符号为正时，扰动向量的大部分元素从-1和0中选择，相反，当第一数据的符号为负时，扰动向量的元素大部分从+1和0中选择，从而网络设备可根据该反对成性约束扰动向量的搜索空间，使得终端设备直接从该搜索空间中确定扰动向量。例如，扰动向量由矢量扰动向量对l k和u k确定，网络设备确定第一参数l为：l∈{0,-sgu(u k)}。其中，-sgu()为欧拉函数，u k为第一数据的接收符号。从而终端设备接收到第二指示信息后，若第一数据u k＝1，则终端设备确定的l＝1就不会被选中。
表2
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000044
另一种可选的实现方式中，网络设备可以一定的系统损耗为代价的前提，确定第二指示信息。例如，如表3所示，表3为球形搜索出来的扰动向量的向量中不同非零元素的个数对应的概率，表3中的w表示扰动向量中非零元素的个数。从表3可以看出，扰动向量中w小于2的概率为p(w<2)＝0.8129，若网络设备就以该性能损耗为代价，指示终端设备扰动向量的搜索空间为扰动向量中非零元素为2个时对应的搜索空间。可见，终端设备从扰动向量 的8个候选集中选择两个非零向量共有
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000045
种搜索方式，而若网络设备不指示终端设备扰动向量的搜索空间，则终端设备需搜索
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000046
次。从而网络设备通过终端设备指示扰动向量的搜索空间的方式大大降低了终端设备的复杂度。
表3
Figure PCTCN2021085983-appb-000047
请参见图16，以QPSK为例的收发系统下，图16中的(a)是网络设备不对第一数据进行预编码时，终端设备搜索扰动向量时的搜索范围，图16中的(b)是网络设备对第一数据进行预编码后，终端设备搜索扰动向量时的搜索范围，图16中的(c)是网络设备对第一数据进行预编后，且将约束后的扰动向量的搜索空间指示给终端设备后，终端设备搜索扰动向量时的搜索范围。从图16可以看出，网络设备对第一数据进行预编码后，扰动向量的搜索范围变得较大，加大了终端设备处理的复杂度，但若网络设备约束扰动向量的搜索空间，并将该搜索空间告知给终端设备，则可较大程度地降低终端设备搜索扰动向量的复杂度。
一种可选的实现方式中，当网络设备采用VP算法对第一数据预编码时，为与目前的VP算法区别，本申请实施例将提出的告知终端设备的扰动向量的搜索空间的算法称为增强搜索空间的VP算法，但并不对该命名做限定。
可见，本申请实施例中，网络设备通过第二指示信息，将终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量指示给了终端设备，使得终端设备可快速通过该搜索空间确定扰动向量， 从而可降低终端设备确定扰动向量的复杂度。另外，终端设备基于该搜索空间确定的扰动向量接收第一数据，可降低取模损耗，提高接收端的接收性能。
另外，本申请实施例以配置相关参数为例，分别仿真了目前的ZF算法、THP算法与本申请实施例提出的数据接收方法100中增强后的THP算法和数据接收方法200中的增强后的VP算法对应的系统性能。例如，本申请实施例配置的相关参数包括信道模型、信道多径类型、终端设备天线数、网络设备天线数，等等。
本申请实施例仿真得到如图4所示的网络设备采用ZF算法和目前的THP算法的性能图，如图17所示的ZF算法与本申请实施例中增强后的THP算法的性能图。从图4和图17可以看出，在探测参考信号的信噪比(sounding reference signal signal to noise ratio，SRS SNR)等于20dB时，目前的THP算法的系统性能差于ZF算法的系统系能，主要是由于终端设备在取模译码时发生了取模误差，即噪声大于最大取模容忍度，导致取模误差，这种误差是由于计算出的错误软比特信息值较大，导致后端Turbo译码无法纠错。增强后的THP算法对应的系统性能有所提升，即本申请实施例提出的增强后的THP算法的性能略优于ZF算法的性能。因此，通过前述分析和仿真结果可以证明本申请实施例可有效提升终端设备采用非线性算法时的接收性能，即保证了非线性预编码技术的增益。
本申请实施例仿真得到的不同SNR下的ZF算法与本申请实施例提出的增强搜索空间的vp算法对应的性能图。从图18可以看出：在SRS的信噪比大于等于10dB时，本申请实施例提出的增强搜索空间的VP算法的性能高于ZP算法的性能；当SRS信噪比小于10dB时，本申请实施例提出的增强搜索空间的VP算法的性能低于ZP算法的性能。也就是说，当SRS信噪比大于10dB时，本申请实施例可提高终端设备的接收性能，保证了非线性预编码技术的增益；当SRS信噪比小于10dB时，本申请实施例可降低终端设备的复杂度。
另外，从图17和图18中可以看出，在终端设备的收发天线数目不相等的情况下，本申请实施例中的增强后的VP算法的接收性能要优于增强后的THP算法，即增强后的VP算法使得终端设备获得了更优的接收性能。
为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，终端设备或网络设备可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
如图19所示，本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置1900。该通信装置1900可以是终端设备的部件(例如，集成电路，芯片等等)，也可以是网络设备的部件(例如，集成电路，芯片等等)。该通信装置1900也可以是其他通信单元，用于实现本申请方法实施例中的方法。该通信装置1900可以包括：通信单元1901。可选的，还可以包括处理单元1902和存储单元1903。
在一种可能的设计中，如图19中的一个或者多个单元可能由一个或者多个处理器来实现，或者由一个或者多个处理器和存储器来实现；或者由一个或多个处理器和收发器实现； 或者由一个或者多个处理器、存储器和收发器实现，本申请实施例对此不作限定。所述处理器、存储器、收发器可以单独设置，也可以集成。
所述通信装置1900具备实现本申请实施例描述的终端设备的功能，可选的，通信装置1900具备实现本申请实施例描述的网络设备的功能。比如，所述通信装置1900包括终端设备执行本申请实施例描述的终端设备涉及步骤所对应的模块或单元或手段(means)，所述功能或单元或手段(means)可以通过软件实现，或者通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现，还可以通过软件和硬件结合的方式实现。详细可进一步参考前述对应方法实施例中的相应描述。
在一种可能的设计中，一种通信装置1900可包括：
通信单元1901，用于接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图；
处理单元1902，用于基于第一星座图接收数据。
一种可选的实现方式中，处理单元1902基于第一星座图接收第一数据之前，还用于：基于第二星座图中两相邻第一星座点间的距离在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点，获得第一星座图。
一种可选的实现方式中，处理单元1902基于第一星座图接收第一数据，具体用于：处理单元1902基于第一星座图中的第一星座点和第二星座点，计算第一数据对应的似然比LLR，基于LLR接收第一数据。
一种可选的实现方式中，处理单元1902基于第一星座图中的第一星座点和第二星座点，计算第一数据对应的似然比LLR，具体用于：处理单元1902基于第一星座图中的两个星座点以及第一数据的解调方式，计算第一数据对应的似然比LLR。
一种可选的实现方式中，处理单元1902基于第一星座图中的两个星座点以及对第一数据的解调方式，计算第一数据对应的似然比LLR，具体用于：根据第一星座图中的第一星座点间的距离和第二星座点间的距离，以及第一数据对应的接收符号的解调方式，确定第一门限值；根据第一门限值和第一数据对应的接收符号均衡后获得的第一数值，计算接收符号的似然比LLR。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二星座点间的距离和第一星座点间的距离相等。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二星座点间的距离和第一星座点间的距离不相等。
一种可选的实现方式中，第一指示信息携带于以下一种信令中：无线资源控制RRC信令、下行控制信息DCI信令、介质访问控制MAC层信令。
本申请实施例和上述数据接收方法100所示方法实施例基于同一构思，其带来的技术效果也相同，具体原理请参照上述数据接收方法100所示实施例的描述，不再赘述。
在另一种可能的设计中，一种通信装置1900可包括：
通信单元1901，用于接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
处理单元1902，用于基于所述搜索空间确定的扰动向量接收第一数据。
一种可选的实现方式中，搜索空间是通过第一参数的值指示的，或者是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的。
一种可选的实现方式中，若搜索空间是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的，那么通信单元1901接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息之前，还用于：接收来自网络设备的第三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示第一参数的取值范围。
一种可选的实现方式中，第一参数的取值范围是所述网络设备预定义的。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二指示信息是根据第一数据的符号确定的。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二指示信息携带于无线资源控制RRC信令或下行控制信息DCI中。
一种可选的实现方式中，第三指示信息携带于下行控制信息DCI信或介质访问控制MAC层信令中。
本申请实施例和上述数据接收方法200所示方法实施例基于同一构思，其带来的技术效果也相同，具体原理请参照上述数据接收方法200所示实施例的描述，不再赘述。
在又一种可能的设计中，一种通信装置1900可包括：
处理单元1902，用于确定第一指示信息；第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图；
通信单元1901，用于向所述终端设备发送所述第一指示信息。
一种可选的实现方式中，第一指示信息携带于以下一种信令中：无线资源控制RRC信令、下行控制信息DCI信令、介质访问控制MAC层信令。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二星座点间的距离和第一星座点间的距离相等。
另一种可选的实现方式中，第二星座点间的距离和第一星座点间的距离不相等。
本申请实施例和上述数据接收方法100所示方法实施例基于同一构思，其带来的技术效果也相同，具体原理请参照上述数据接收方法100所示实施例的描述，不再赘述。
在又一种可能的设计中，一种通信装置1900可包括：
处理单元1902，用于确定第二指示信息；第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
通信单元1901，用于向终端设备发送第二指示信息。
一种可选的实现方式中，搜索空间是通过第一参数的值指示的，或者是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的。
一种可选的实现方式中，若搜索空间是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的，处理单元1902第二指示信息之前，还用于：向终端设备发送第三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示第一参数的取值范围。
一种可选的实现方式中，第一参数的取值范围是网络设备预定义的。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二指示信息是根据第一数据的符号确定的。
一种可选的实现方式中，第二指示信息携带于无线资源控制RRC信令或下行控制信息DCI信令中。
一种可选的实现方式中，第三指示信息携带于动态下行控制信息DCI信令或介质访问控制MAC层信令中。
本申请实施例和上述数据接收方法200所示方法实施例基于同一构思，其带来的技术效果也相同，具体原理请参照上述数据接收方法200所示实施例的描述，不再赘述。
图20给出了一种通信装置的结构示意图。所述通信装置2000可以是终端设备或网络设备，也可以是支持终端设备实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等，还可以是支持网络设备实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该装置可用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的方法，具体可以参见上述方法实施例中的说明。
所述通信装置2000可以包括一个或多个处理器2001。所述处理器2001可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是基带处理器或中央处理器。基带处理器可以用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基站、基带芯片，终端、终端芯片，DU或CU等)进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。
可选的，所述通信装置2000中可以包括一个或多个存储器2002，其上可以存有指令2004，所述指令可在所述处理器2001上被运行，使得所述通信装置2000执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，所述存储器2002中还可以存储有数据。所述处理器2001和存储器2002可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。
可选的，所述通信装置2000还可以包括收发器2005、天线2006。所述收发器2005可以称为收发单元、收发机、或收发电路等，用于实现收发功能。收发器2005可以包括接收器和发送器，接收器可以称为接收机或接收电路等，用于实现接收功能；发送器可以称为发送机或发送电路等，用于实现发送功能。
所述通信装置2000为终端设备：收发器2005用于执行数据接收方法100中的S103，以及用于执行数据接收方法200中的S203；处理器2001用于执行数据接收方法100中的S104，以及用于执行数据接收方法200中的S204。
所述通信装置2000为网络设备：收发器2005用于执行数据接收方法100中的S102，以及用于执行数据接收方法200中的S202；处理器2001用于执行数据接收方法100中的S101，以及用于执行数据接收方法200中的S201。
另一种可能的设计中，处理器2001中可以包括用于实现接收和发送功能的收发器。例如该收发器可以是收发电路，或者是接口，或者是接口电路。用于实现接收和发送功能的收发电路、接口或接口电路可以是分开的，也可以集成在一起。上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于代码/数据的读写，或者，上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于信号的传输或传递。
又一种可能的设计中，可选的，处理器2001可以存有指令2003，指令2003在处理器2001上运行，可使得所述通信装置2000执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。指令2003可能固化在处理器2001中，该种情况下，处理器2001可能由硬件实现。
又一种可能的设计中，通信装置2000可以包括电路，所述电路可以实现前述方法实施例中发送或接收或者通信的功能。本申请实施例中描述的处理器和收发器可实现在集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)、模拟IC、射频集成电路RFIC、混合信号IC、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、 电子设备等上。该处理器和收发器也可以用各种IC工艺技术来制造，例如互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor，CMOS)、N型金属氧化物半导体(nMetal-oxide-semiconductor，NMOS)、P型金属氧化物半导体(positive channel metal oxide semiconductor，PMOS)、双极结型晶体管(Bipolar Junction Transistor，BJT)、双极CMOS(BiCMOS)、硅锗(SiGe)、砷化镓(GaAs)等。
以上实施例描述中的通信装置可以是第一设备，但本申请实施例中描述的通信装置的范围并不限于此，而且通信装置的结构可以不受图20的限制。通信装置可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如所述通信装置可以是：
(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；
(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选的，该IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据，指令的存储部件；
(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器(MSM)；
(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；
(5)接收机、终端、智能终端、蜂窝电话、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、网络设备、云设备、人工智能设备等等；
(6)其他等等。
对于通信装置可以是芯片或芯片系统的情况，可参见图21所示的芯片的结构示意图。图21所示的芯片2100包括处理器2101和接口2102。其中，处理器2101的数量可以是一个或多个，接口2102的数量可以是多个。
一种设计中，对于芯片用于实现本申请实施例中终端设备的功能的情况：
所述接口2102，用于接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图；
所述接口2102，还用于基于第一星座图接收数据。
另一种设计中，对于芯片用于实现本申请实施例中终端设备的功能的情况：
所述接口2102，用于接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息，第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
所述接口2102，还用于基于搜索空间确定的扰动向量接收第一数据。
又一种设计中，对于芯片用于实现本申请实施例中网络设备的功能的情况：
所述处理器2101，用于确定第一指示信息；第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；第一星座图是在第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；第二星座图是网络设备向终端设备发送的第一数据对应的星座图；
所述接口2102，用于向终端设备发送第一指示信息。
又一种设计中，对于芯片用于实现本申请实施例中网络设备的功能的情况：
所述处理器2101，用于确定第二指示信息；第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
所述接口2102，用于向终端设备发送第二指示信息。
本申请实施例中通信装置2000、芯片2100还可执行上述通信装置1900所述的实现方式。
本领域技术人员还可以了解到本申请实施例列出的各种说明性逻辑块(illustrative logical block)和步骤(step)可以通过电子硬件、电脑软件，或两者的结合进行实现。这样的功能是通过硬件还是软件来实现取决于特定的应用和整个系统的设计要求。本领域技术人员可以对于每种特定的应用，可以使用各种方法实现所述的功能，但这种实现不应被理解为超出本申请实施例保护的范围。
本申请实施例和上述数据接收方法100和数据接收方法200所示方法实施例基于同一构思，其带来的技术效果也相同，具体原理请参照上述数据接收方法100和数据接收方法200所示实施例的描述，不再赘述。
本领域技术人员还可以了解到本申请实施例列出的各种说明性逻辑块(illustrative logical block)和步骤(step)可以通过电子硬件、电脑软件，或两者的结合进行实现。这样的功能是通过硬件还是软件来实现取决于特定的应用和整个系统的设计要求。本领域技术人员可以对于每种特定的应用，可以使用各种方法实现所述的功能，但这种实现不应被理解为超出本申请实施例保护的范围。
本申请还提供了一种计算机可读介质，用于储存计算机软件指令，当所述指令被通信装置执行时，实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
本申请还提供了一种计算机程序产品，用于储存计算机软件指令，当所述指令被通信装置执行时，实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (33)

  1. 一种数据接收方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；所述第一星座图是在所述第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；所述第二星座图是所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送的所述第一数据对应的星座图；
    基于所述第一星座图接收第一数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一星座图接收第一数据之前，所述方法还包括：
    基于所述第二星座图中两相邻第一星座点间的距离在所述第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点，获得所述第一星座图。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一星座图接收第一数据，包括：
    基于所述第一星座图中的所述第一星座点和所述第二星座点，计算所述第一数据对应的接收符号的似然比LLR；
    基于所述LLR接收第一数据。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一星座图中的所述第一星座点和所述第二星座点，计算所述第一数据对应的似然比LLR，包括：
    所述基于所述第一星座图中的两个星座点以及所述第一数据的解调方式，计算所述第一数据对应的似然比LLR。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述第一星座图中的两个星座点以及所述第一数据的解调方式，计算所述第一数据对应的似然比LLR，包括：
    根据所述第一星座图中的所述第一星座点间的距离和所述第二星座点间的距离，以及所述第一数据的解调方式，确定第一门限值；
    根据所述第一门限值和所述第一数据对应的接收符号均衡后获得的第一数值，计算所述接收符号的似然比LLR。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二星座点间的距离和所述第一星座点间的距离相等。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二星座点间的距离和所述第一星座点间的距离不相等。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息携带于以下一种信令中：无线资源控制RRC信令、下行控制信息DCI信令、介质访问控制MAC层信令。
  9. 一种数据接收方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
    基于所述搜索空间确定的扰动向量接收第一数据。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述搜索空间是通过第一参数的值指示的，或者是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述搜索空间是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的，所述接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息之前，还包括：
    接收来自网络设备的第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示第一参数的取值范围。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数的取值范围是所述网络设备预定义的。
  13. 根据权利要求9至12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二指示信息是根据第一数据的符号确定的。
  14. 根据权利要求9至13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二指示信息携带于无线资源控制RRC信令或下行控制信息DCI中。
  15. 根据权利要求11至14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三指示信息携带于下行控制信息DCI信或介质访问控制MAC层信令中。
  16. 一种数据接收方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    确定第一指示信息；所述第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；所述第一星座图是在所述第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；所述第二星座图是所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送的所述第一数据对应的星座图；
    向所述终端设备发送所述第一指示信息。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息携带于以下一种信令中：无线资源控制RRC信令、下行控制信息DCI信令、介质访问控制MAC层信令。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二星座点间的距离和所述第一星座点间的距离相等。
  19. 根据权利要求16或17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二星座点间的距离和所述第一星座点间的距离不相等。
  20. 一种数据接收方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    确定第二指示信息；所述第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
    向所述终端设备发送所述第二指示信息。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述搜索空间是通过第一参数的值指示的，或者是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述搜索空间是通过第一参数对应的索引指示的，所述确定第二指示信息之前，还包括：
    向终端设备发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示第一参数的取值范围。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参数的取值范围是所述网络设备预定义的。
  24. 根据权利要求20至23任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二指示信息是根据第一数据的符号确定的。
  25. 根据权利要求20至24任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二指示信息携带于无线资源控制RRC信令或下行控制信息DCI信令中。
  26. 根据权利要求要求22至25任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三指示信息携带于动态下行控制信息DCI信令或介质访问控制MAC层信令中。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置，包括：
    通信单元，用于接收来自网络设备的第一指示信息；所述第一指示信息用于指示所述终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；所述第一星座图是在所述第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；所述第二星座图是所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送的所述第一数据对应的星座图；
    处理单元，用于基于所述第一星座图接收第一数据。
  28. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置，包括：
    通信单元，用于接收来自网络设备的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
    处理单元，基于所述搜索空间确定的扰动向量接收第一数据。
  29. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置，包括：
    处理单元，用于确定第一指示信息；所述第一指示信息用于指示终端设备基于第一星座图接收第一数据；所述第一星座图是在所述第二星座图中增加多个第二星座点获得的星座图；所述第二星座图是所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送的所述第一数据对应的星座图；
    通信单元，用于向所述终端设备发送所述第一指示信息。
  30. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置，包括：
    处理单元，用于确定第二指示信息；所述第二指示信息用于指示终端设备接收第一数据时所采用的扰动向量对应的搜索空间；
    通信单元，用于向所述终端设备发送所述第二指示信息。
  31. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口用于与其它通信装置进行通信；所述处理器用于运行程序，以使得所述通信装置实现权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法，或者，以使得所述通信装置实现权利要求9至15任一项所述的方法，或者，以使得所述通信装置实现权利要求16至19任一项所述的方法，或者，以使得所述通信装置实现权利要求20至26任一项所述的方法。
  32. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序包含至少一段代码，所述至少一段代码由通信装置执行，以控制所述通信装置执行权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法；或者以控制所述通信装置执行权利要求9至15任一项所述的方法；或者以控制所述通信装置执行权利要求16至19任一项所述的方法；或者以控制所述通信装置执行权利要求20至26任一项所述的方法。
  33. 一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括指令，所述指令由通信装置运行，以控制所述通信装置执行权利要求1至8任一项所述的方法；或者以控制所述通信装置执行权利要求9至15任一项所述的方法；或者以控制所述通信装置执行权利要求16至19任一项所述的方法；或者以控制所述通信装置执行权利要求20至26任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2021/085983 2021-04-08 2021-04-08 一种数据接收方法及装置 WO2022213326A1 (zh)

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