WO2022210726A1 - 情報処理装置 - Google Patents
情報処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022210726A1 WO2022210726A1 PCT/JP2022/015501 JP2022015501W WO2022210726A1 WO 2022210726 A1 WO2022210726 A1 WO 2022210726A1 JP 2022015501 W JP2022015501 W JP 2022015501W WO 2022210726 A1 WO2022210726 A1 WO 2022210726A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an information processing device.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is intended to secure trust between one or more individuals who wish to lend an item and one or more individuals who wish to borrow the item.
- the purpose is to make it possible to trade goods safely in
- an information processing device includes: An information processing device for supporting transactions between a first user who wishes to rent a prescribed article and a second user who wishes to borrow the prescribed article, a management means for recording and managing information including the characteristics of the predetermined thing, the owner of the property, and the transaction history of the property as loan information on a blockchain or a distributed ledger; Before the predetermined thing is traded between the first user and the second user, using the rental information recorded and managed in the blockchain or the distributed ledger by the management means, the predetermined Information control means for executing control to confirm whether or not a transaction of goods is possible; Prepare.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overview of the configuration of an information processing system including a management server according to an embodiment of an information processing device of the present invention
- FIG. It is an image diagram showing the basic flow of this service. It is an image diagram showing the flow of fees paid by borrowing applicants in this service.
- 2 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a management server in FIG. 1
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of a management server of FIG. 4
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of applying for a loan via a GUI (Graphical User Interface) displayed on a lender's terminal and a borrower's terminal;
- GUI Graphic User Interface
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a specific example of screens displayed on the lessor terminal and the lessee terminal when the button displayed in FIG. 8 is pressed.
- FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a specific example of my page displayed on a lessor terminal and a lessee terminal; It is a figure which shows the specific example of the operation screen in the case of performing operation of new exhibition.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overview of the configuration of an information processing system including a management server 1 according to an embodiment of an information processing apparatus of the invention.
- the information processing system shown in FIG. ), the settlement server 4, and the block chain B are connected so as to be able to communicate with each other via a predetermined network N such as the Internet.
- the management server 1 is an information processing device managed by a service provider M who provides a CtoC rental service (hereinafter referred to as "the service”). Specifically, the management server 1 publishes a CtoC rental site on the Internet and provides a service of renting items to member users who have registered as members. The management server 1 executes various processes to manage the operations of the lender terminals 2-1 to 2-n and the borrower terminals 3-1 to 3-m.
- Each of the lender terminals 2-1 to 2-n is an information processing device operated by each of the users UL1 to ULn who wish to lend the item (hereinafter referred to as "lender users"), and is for example a personal computer or a smartphone. , tablets, etc.
- Each of the borrower terminals 3-1 to 3-m is an information processing device operated by each of the users UB1 to UBm who wish to borrow items (hereinafter referred to as "borrower users"), and is for example a personal computer or a smartphone. , tablets, etc.
- lender users UL1 through ULn, lender terminals 2-1 through 2-n, borrower users UB1 through UBm, and borrower terminals 3-1 through 3-m are referred to as They are collectively referred to as “lessor user UL”, “lessor terminal 2”, “lessee user UB”, and “lessee terminal 3”.
- the payment server 4 is an information processing device managed by a payment service provider P that provides payment services, and performs payment processing based on payment information generated by the management server 1.
- Blockchain B is configured to synchronously record data such as transaction information in a plurality of computers forming a distributed network by combining cryptographic techniques.
- transaction data for a certain period of time is grouped into blocks, and while computers verify each other, correct records are connected like a chain and accumulated.
- a feature of Blockchain B is that even if transaction data is tampered with by some computers, the correct transaction data is selected by a majority vote with other computers, preventing record tampering and illegal transactions.
- Blockchain B creates a database by creating data units called blocks and linking them in chronological order like a chain. Each block has a hash value (a value calculated by a hash function) of the previous block to which it is connected.
- FIG. 2 is an image diagram showing the basic flow of this service.
- FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, which will be described later each show one lender user UL and one borrower user UB, this is simplified for easy understanding of the flow of this service. be. Actually, there may be multiple lender users UL and lessee users UB in this service.
- step SS1 the lessor user UL applies to the service provider M for user registration for this service by operating the lessor terminal 2 in order to receive the provision of this service.
- the service provider M that has received the application from the lender user UL registers the personal information of the lender user UL in the blockchain B, and notifies the lender user UL that the registration has been completed. conduct.
- step SS2 the lender user UL operates the lender terminal 2 to apply to the service provider M of the present service for registration of information on the exhibit that the lender wishes to rent (hereinafter referred to as "exhibition information").
- step SS3 the service provider M who received the application for the exhibition information requests Blockchain B to confirm the correctness of the registered information of the personal information of the lender user UL who is the applicant, and confirms that the applicant's information is correct.
- the listing information of the lender user UL is registered in the blockchain B.
- the exhibition information is registered, the article is handled as an "exhibited item” that has been "exhibited” in this service, and the lessor user UL who has exhibited the exhibited item is treated as an "exhibitor".
- the contents of the exhibition information registered in this service are not particularly limited, and any information related to the exhibition can be registered as the exhibition information.
- text information such as the name, type, nature, size, weight, purchase price, desired rental fee, rental period, whether or not the item can be sold, and image information based on the photographed image of the item.
- Items to be exhibited in this service are not particularly limited as long as they are items to be rented.
- camping equipment such as clothes and tents, golf clubs and fishing equipment, suitcases, game machines, tablets and personal computers, OA equipment, watches, land, spaces, houses, furniture and fixtures, automobiles and motorcycles, books
- Childcare goods such as CDs, records, cameras, shoes, accessories, bags, special tools, and strollers are all rental items.
- step SS4 the lessee user UB applies for user registration for this service by operating the lessee terminal 3 in order to receive this service.
- the service provider M who has received the user registration application registers the personal information of the borrower user UB in the block chain B in the same manner as the lender user UL, and returns the registration result to the borrower user UB.
- both the lender user UL registered in step SS1 and the borrower user UB registered in step SS3 are registered without particular discrimination as users who receive the provision of this service. . Therefore, the lessor user UL can receive the service as the lessee user UB, and the lessee user UB can also receive the service as the lessee user UL. That is, when a user registers with this service, the user can participate as a user who rents an item, or can participate as a user who borrows an item.
- step SS5 the lessee user UB, if there is an exhibit that he/she wishes to borrow among the exhibits exhibited in this service, submits an application for borrowing the exhibit (hereinafter referred to as a "borrowing application"). conduct.
- the lessee user UB applies for insurance if necessary.
- the lessee user UB who applied for the borrowing of the exhibited item is also referred to as the "borrowing applicant”.
- One or more exhibits are displayed on the borrower's terminal 3 together with exhibit information. If the borrower user UB wishes to borrow one or more exhibits displayed on the borrower terminal 3, the borrower user UB operates the borrower terminal 3 to make a borrowing application for the exhibit. I do.
- step SS6 the lender user UL sends the exhibit to the borrower user UB who applied for the loan.
- the borrower user UB who has received the exhibited item, compares the sent actual item with the photographed image of the exhibited item included in the exhibited item information, and starts using the exhibited item if there is no problem.
- the lessee user UB who has received the article for sale visually checks the photographed image of the article included in the exhibition information provided by the lessor user UL and the actual article.
- the lessee user UB operates the lessee terminal 3.
- the information indicating that the rental is to be started is transmitted to the management server 1 as it is. Specifically, for example, although not shown, by pressing an "Approve” button or a "Rental start” button displayed on the lessee terminal 3, information indicating the start of rental is transmitted to the management server 1. Then, the management server 1 receives this information and accepts that the lessee user UB has approved the start of rental.
- the borrowing applicant forfeits (that is, does not start using) the item. In this case, the borrowing applicant returns the exhibit to the sender without pressing the "Approve" button or the "Start rental” button displayed on the borrower's terminal 3, for example.
- the borrower will negotiate with the exhibitor via this service and start rental by receiving a partial refund of the rental fee. or cancel the rental with a full refund. Such negotiations may be conducted directly using a communication tool between users provided by this service, or may be conducted indirectly through this service provider M.
- step SS7 lessee user UB returns the exhibit item to the seller of the exhibit item by the expiration date of the rental period.
- the lessor user UL compares the returned actual item for sale with the photographed image of the item for sale included in the sale information, and if there is no problem, the service is completed.
- the exhibitor will negotiate with the borrowing applicant through this service, for example, as follows. measures can be taken. In other words, the exhibitor can either charge an additional fee for the rental fee for which payment has been completed, or have the exhibited article purchased.
- Such negotiations may be conducted directly using communication tools (FIGS. 8 and 9) between users provided by this service, or indirectly through this service provider M. good too.
- Fig. 3 is an image diagram showing the flow of fees paid by borrowing applicants in this service.
- step SS21 the borrower user UB as a borrowing applicant settles the rental fee.
- the lessee user UB operates the lessee terminal 3 to request the payment service provider SA to process the payment of the rental fee.
- the payment service provider P is requested to settle the rental fee, insurance fee, and shipping fee (hereinafter referred to as "rental fee, etc.”).
- step SS22 the payment service provider SA, which has performed the payment processing for the rental fee, etc., based on the request from the borrower user UB, provides the service provider M with an amount obtained by deducting a predetermined fee from the payment amount (hereinafter referred to as “sales amount”) points will be sent.
- sales amount an amount obtained by deducting a predetermined fee from the payment amount (hereinafter referred to as “sales amount”) points will be sent.
- sales amount a predetermined fee from the payment amount
- step SS24 lessor user UL who is an exhibitor adds points at a fixed rate within the range of the amount after deducting the usage fee of this service, out of the sales amount points pooled by this service provider M. It can be cashed out and withdrawn. Specifically, the lessor user UL, who is the exhibitor, operates the lessor terminal 2 to apply for cashing points within the range of the sales amount after deducting the usage fee for this service. (hereinafter referred to as “withdrawal application”).
- step SS25 the service provider M gives points or performs cash deposit processing, etc., based on the content of the withdrawal application from the lender user UL who is the exhibitor. Specifically, the service provider M grants points via the settlement service or performs cash deposit processing based on the content of the withdrawal application from the lender user UL who is the exhibitor. It should be noted that points may be awarded directly from the points pooled by the service provider M without the provision of points via a settlement service.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of the management server 1 of FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 4
- the management server 1 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 11, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 12, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 13, a bus 14, an input/output interface 15, an output section 16, and an input section 17. , a storage unit 18 , a communication unit 19 , and a drive 20 .
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- ROM Read Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- the CPU 11 executes various processes according to programs recorded in the ROM 12 or programs loaded from the storage unit 18 to the RAM 13 .
- the RAM 13 also stores data necessary for the CPU 11 to execute various processes.
- the CPU 11, ROM 12 and RAM 13 are interconnected via a bus 14.
- An input/output interface 15 is also connected to this bus 14 .
- An output unit 16 , an input unit 17 , a storage unit 18 , a communication unit 19 and a drive 20 are connected to the input/output interface 15 .
- the output unit 16 is composed of various liquid crystal displays and the like, and outputs various information.
- the input unit 17 is composed of various hardware and the like, and inputs various information.
- the storage unit 18 is composed of a DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) or the like, and stores various data.
- the communication unit 19 communicates with other devices (for example, the lender terminals 2-1 to 2-n, the borrower terminals 3-1 to 3-m, and the settlement server 4 in FIG. 1) via the network N including the Internet. Control the communications you make.
- the drive 20 is provided as required.
- a removable medium 30 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory is mounted in the drive 20 as appropriate.
- a program read from the removable medium 30 by the drive 20 is installed in the storage section 18 as necessary.
- the removable medium 30 can also store various data stored in the storage unit 18 in the same manner as the storage unit 18 .
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of the management server of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing an example of a functional configuration of the management server of FIG. 4;
- the exhibition acquiring unit 101, the exhibition presenting unit 102, the borrowing receiving unit 103, and the borrowing presenting unit 104 function.
- the sales management process is executed, the expense presentation unit 105, the payment acquisition unit 106, the sales management unit 107, the payment presentation unit 108, the withdrawal reception unit 109, and the withdrawal determination unit 110 function.
- the owner change process is executed, the purchase accepting unit 111 and the purchase presenting unit 112 function.
- the diagnostic imaging process is executed, the return reception unit 113, the comparison extraction unit 114, the borrowing approval reception unit 115, and the return approval reception unit 116 function.
- the related acquisition unit 117 and the reference amount presentation unit 118 function.
- the transaction management unit 201 and the transaction control unit 202 function.
- the matching process refers to the process of matching each of the lender users UL1 to ULn with each of the borrower users UB1 to UBm.
- the sales management process is a process of managing the rental fees paid by each of the lessee users UB1 to UBm as sales amounts for each of the lessee users UL1 to ULn.
- the owner change process refers to the process of transferring the right to receive the rental fee along with the ownership without changing the rental period.
- the transferee of ownership will be either the service provider M or the lessee user UB.
- the owner change process is a process that can be executed only when the lender user UL expresses his/her intention to sell the item when listing the item. A specific aspect of the owner change process will be described later with reference to FIGS. 6 to 10. FIG.
- Image diagnosis processing refers to processing for comparing captured images of an article taken at the time of listing and at the time of return, and extracting points of difference. This makes it possible to diagnose changes in the form (shape, pattern, color, etc.) of the exhibit that have occurred during the rental period.
- a specific method for comparing captured images is not particularly limited. For example, a method of extracting differences by superimposing images taken at the same distance and angle at the time of exhibition and return, or a method of extracting a predetermined feature value from the captured images and comparing them method, etc. can be adopted.
- the reference amount proposal process is a process of calculating and proposing an amount that is a reference amount for the rental fee determined by the lender user UL at the time of listing.
- the specific method of calculating the amount of money which is a guideline for the rental fee.
- the specific method of calculating the amount of money which is a guideline for the rental fee.
- an amount that serves as a guideline for the rental fee is calculated.
- Transaction-related processing for exhibits determines in advance whether or not a transaction is possible, such as when a loan application for an exhibit is received or when an application for owner change is received. This is the process of executing subsequent transactions. In this way, it is also possible to calculate the average price of successful bids at auctions based on the transaction records of similar products put up for auction or the like. As a result, based on this average price, it is possible to trial-calculate the target yield, the rate of depreciation due to aging, the rental fee linked to the rental period, and the like.
- the exhibition acquisition unit 101 acquires information about an item provided by each of one or more lender users UL. Specifically, the exhibition acquisition unit 101 acquires information on items provided by each of the lender users UL1 to ULn registered as member users of this service. Information about the acquired item is passed to the transaction management unit 201, and registered (stored) as exhibition information 402 in the blockchain B through the transaction management unit 201 and managed.
- the exhibition presenting unit 102 presents the exhibition information 402 registered and managed in the blockchain B to one or more lessee users UB who are second users. Specifically, the exhibition presentation unit 102 reads out the exhibition information 402 of the blockchain B and presents it to the borrower user UB. This allows the lessee user UB to browse or rent the exhibited article and its contents.
- the borrowing acceptance unit 103 accepts an application to borrow an item from the borrower user UB as a borrowing application. Specifically, the borrowing acceptance unit 103 accepts, as a borrowing application, an application from the borrower user UB to the effect that he or she wishes to borrow any of the items put up by the lender user UL.
- the borrowing presenting unit 104 presents to the first user that a borrowing application has been made. Specifically, the borrowing presentation unit 104 presents to the lender user UL, who is the exhibitor, that the borrower user UB has applied for a borrowing.
- the expense presentation unit 105 presents the expense required for borrowing the item to the borrower user UB who has applied for the borrowing. Specifically, the expense presenting unit 105 presents the rental fee or the like required for borrowing the item to the borrower user UB who has applied for the borrowing.
- the payment acquisition unit 106 acquires information indicating the completion of payment when the payment of the expense is completed. Specifically, the payment acquisition unit 106 acquires information indicating the completion of the payment process when the payment process for the rental fee or the like by the payment server 4 is completed. The acquired information indicating the completion of payment processing is stored and managed in the exhibition information 402 .
- the sales management unit 107 accounts for a predetermined amount of the expenses as a sales amount and manages it. Specifically, the sales management unit 107 records the remaining amount after subtracting the amount to be obtained by the payment service provider P from the rental fee, etc., as the sales amount, and manages this.
- the settlement presenting unit 108 presents to the lender user UL, who is the first user, that the settlement has been completed. Specifically, when the payment processing by the payment server 4 is completed, the payment presentation unit 108 presents the fact to the lender user UL.
- the specific method of presenting the fact that the payment processing has been completed to the lender user UL is not particularly limited.
- the completion of settlement processing may be displayed on the lender terminal 2, or may be notified to the lender user UL using a communication tool such as email or SNS (Social Networking Service).
- Withdrawal accepting unit 109 accepts an application to withdraw at least part of the sales amount from each of one or more lender users UL as a withdrawal application. Specifically, when the lessor user UL wishes to cash the sales amount of the exhibited item, the lessor user UL operates the lessor terminal 2 to make a withdrawal application to the service provider M. FIG. Then, the withdrawal reception unit 109 receives this as a withdrawal application from the lender user UL.
- the withdrawal determining unit 110 determines the amount of sales that each of the one or more lender users UL can withdraw based on the contents of the withdrawal application. Specifically, the withdrawal decision unit 110 decides the amount that the lender user UL can withdraw out of the sales amount, based on the content of the withdrawal request from the lender user UL. The amount that the lender user UL can withdraw from the sales amount is the amount obtained by subtracting the service usage fee that the lender user UL should bear from the sales amount.
- the purchase accepting unit 111 accepts, as a purchase application, a request from a borrower user UB who has borrowed an item to purchase the item.
- a borrower user UB who has borrowed an exhibit may wish to purchase the rented exhibit.
- the exhibition information provided by the lender user UL at the time of exhibition includes information regarding whether or not the article for sale can be sold. Therefore, when the intention to sell the exhibited article is recognized, the borrower user UB who has borrowed the exhibited article can make a purchase application.
- the purchase acceptance unit 111 accepts an application for purchase of an exhibited item from a borrower user UB who has borrowed the exhibited item.
- the purchase presentation unit 112 presents to the lender user UL that a purchase application has been made. Specifically, when there is a purchase application from the borrower user UB, the purchase presenting unit 112 presents the purchase request to the lender user UL.
- the specific method of presenting to the lender user UL that the borrower user UB has applied for a purchase is not particularly limited. For example, the fact that a purchase application has been made may be displayed on the lender terminal 2, or may be notified to the lender user UL using a communication tool such as e-mail or SNS.
- the return accepting unit 113 accepts return information including at least a captured image of the item at the expiration of the borrowing period of the item.
- the lessee user UB operates the lessee terminal 3 to take an image of the exhibited item, and obtains information including at least image information based on the captured image (hereinafter referred to as "return information ”) is sent to the management server 1 . Then, the return acceptance unit 113 accepts the transmitted return information.
- the comparison extraction unit 114 compares the captured image included in the exhibition information and the captured image included in the return information, and extracts points of difference.
- the exhibition information includes captured images of the articles for sale.
- the comparison/extraction unit 114 compares the captured image included in the exhibition information with the captured image included in the return information transmitted from the lessee terminal 3, and extracts points of difference.
- the borrowing approval receiving unit 115 confirms the difference between the form of the actual article for sale and the form of the article for sale displayed in the captured image included in the exhibition information at the time when the borrower user UB receives the article for sale. Accept the approval from the borrower user UB who has borrowed the item.
- the lessee user UB who has received the article for sale visually compares the captured image of the article included in the exhibition information provided by the lessor user UL with the actual article. .
- the information indicating that the rental is to be started is transmitted to the management server 1 as it is. Specifically, for example, although not shown, by pressing an "Approve” button or a "Rental start” button displayed on the lessee terminal 3, information indicating the start of rental is transmitted to the management server 1. Then, the management server 1 receives this information and accepts that the lessee user UB has approved the start of rental. As a result, it is possible to prevent fraudulent acts by the lender user UL, such as using a photographed new item or an image from which flaws have been removed by image processing as the photographed image of the item for sale included in the item information.
- the return approval reception unit 116 checks the difference between the form of the actual object at the time when the object is returned to the lender user UL and the form of the object displayed in the captured image included in the return information. Accepts approval by the Lender User UL, if any.
- the lessor user UL who has received the article for sale visually compares the photographed image of the article for sale included in the return information provided by the lessee user UB with the actual article. .
- the lessor user UL operates the lessor terminal 2.
- the management server 1 receives this information and accepts that the lender user UL has approved the return.
- the lessee user UB can use the captured image included in the exhibition information or the image that has been erased during the rental period by image processing as the imaged image of the exhibited item included in the return information. action can be prevented.
- the relation acquisition unit 117 acquires transaction records of other products related to the product. Specifically, the related acquisition unit 117 acquires the transaction results of auctions and the like of other items related to the exhibited item.
- the reference amount presenting unit 118 presents the price range of the cost of the item based on the acquired transaction record. Specifically, the reference price presenting unit 118 presents the price range of the rental fee for the item on the basis of the transaction results of auctions, etc. of other items related to the item acquired by the related acquisition unit 117. .
- the lender user UL can confirm the reference amount when determining the rental fee of the item for sale.
- the transaction management unit 201 stores information including characteristics of an item (predetermined item) exhibited on a rental site, the true owner of the item, and the transaction history of the item as loan information or transaction information, Record and manage in blockchain B. Specifically, the transaction management unit 201 stores, for example, the exhibition information 402, the history information 403, the owner information 404, the ledger information 405, etc., as the lending and borrowing information regarding the transaction of the exhibition in the block chain B or the like of the external network N. and manage.
- the transaction information is information used in transactions other than rental (for example, when determining the lease amount of the exhibited item in an auction or the like).
- user information 401 and the like are also recorded and managed in blockchain B.
- the characteristics of the exhibited article are stored as, for example, the exhibited article information 402, and include information such as shape, year, size, brand name, color, pattern, and condition for specifying the exhibited article.
- the condition is, for example, appearance of the article, degree of use, damage, failure, repair history, performance, and the like.
- Transaction histories of exhibited items are stored as history information 403, for example.
- the history information 403 includes, for example, the lender (lender user UL) who previously lent the item for sale, the borrower (lessee user UB) who borrowed the item for sale, the date, the period, the fee, the owner change information, and the lease information. This information corresponds to the information indicating whether to buy or buy.
- the true owner who owns the article for sale is stored as owner information 404, for example, the owner's information (personal information such as name, address, and contact information). Owner information is stored in association with each item for sale.
- the ledger information 405 stores history of transition of the exhibition information 402 , history information 403 , and owner information 404 . For example, it is information such as from whom to whom the ownership of the exhibited article is transferred, from whom to whom the article itself is transferred, when and where the accessory of the exhibited article is out of stock, when it is lent, when it is returned, and the like.
- Transaction management unit 201 includes personal information management unit 211 .
- the personal information management unit 211 records and manages personal information of each of the lender user UL and the borrower user UB in the block chain B.
- the personal information of each of the lender user UL and the borrower user UB includes, for example, the credit information of the borrower user UB (exhibitor) in an auction in which the item is rented, and the evaluation of the borrower user UB from the lender user UL after the rental (for example, this evaluation, such as that the person was good, etc.).
- the transaction control unit 202 uses the rental information recorded and managed in the blockchain B to control the transaction of the exhibit when the exhibit is traded between the lender user UL and the lessee user UB. Specifically, when a loan application for a predetermined exhibit from the borrower terminal 3 is accepted by the borrowing acceptance unit 103 (before the transaction is made), the transaction control unit 202 sends the block chain B , request to inquire personal information and transaction history of the borrower user UB included in the loan application, and if it is found to be inconsistent with this request, it is determined that the transaction of the exhibit is not possible, and the prescribed exhibit to the borrower terminal 3 through the borrowing presentation unit 104.
- the transaction control unit 202 determines that the transaction of the exhibit can be continued, and applies for the loan of the predetermined exhibit. , and transition to the next screen for the transaction of the item.
- the transaction control unit 202 uses rental information and user information (personal information) managed by the blockchain B at a predetermined timing after the article has been traded between the lessor user UL and the lessee user UB. , may control the transaction of the item.
- rental information and user information personal information
- Blockchain B stores and manages information (hereinafter referred to as "user information 401") related to users (lender user UL and borrower user UB) who have registered for this service.
- the user information includes information (identification information, etc.) that uniquely identifies a user registered in this service, name, address, contact information, owner change history, evaluation from other users, and other information.
- the following history information may be integrated into the user information 401 and managed.
- Blockchain B information (characteristics of exhibited items, rental prices, etc.) related to exhibited items in this service is stored and managed as exhibited information 402 .
- the article to be exhibited is an accessory, for example, clothes, a bag, a watch, and the like are included.
- the characteristics of the article to be exhibited include the jacket's product identification number, brand, manufacturer's model number, size, color, pattern, material, condition, and the like.
- the product identification number of the bag model number of the manufacturer, size, color, material, condition, and the like.
- the rental price is a price per day, such as how much per day. Alternatively, the price may be weekly, monthly, or yearly.
- a transaction history (exhibition history, borrowing history, etc.) of a transaction (lending and borrowing) of an exhibit is stored as history information 403 .
- the rental destination, date of loan, date of return, information on overdue rental date (how many days have passed from the scheduled return date, etc.), rental price, etc. is stored as history information 403 .
- the following effects can be obtained. For example, if the lender user UL lends an exhibit such as a ballpoint pen to the borrower user UB using the site of this service, the information that the lender user UL has lent the ballpoint pen to the borrower user UB is recorded in the blockchain B. Then, the information that the borrower user UB has is recorded. Therefore, anyone can see who the ballpoint pen belongs to by viewing the information on Blockchain B.
- Blockchain B also stores information (personal information such as name and address) of the true owner of the exhibited item in association with the product identification information of the exhibited item.
- the owner information is personal information such as name and address.
- the owner information stores information as the owner who has the right to receive the rental fee for the exhibited item (information in which the name of the owner corresponds to the date on which he/she became the owner). When the owner changes, the owner information is changed.
- Blockchain B stores ledger information 405 .
- the ledger information 405 includes exhibition information 402, history information 403, and owner information 404 of the exhibited item, as well as the current state and points as lease fees incurred each time the item is traded. They are stored in chronological order in association with the commodity identification number of the exhibited item.
- the current state of the item for sale is a state flag corresponding to the product identification number of the item for sale (a flag such as "0" for "rented” and "1" for "in stock”).
- the ledger information stores the lease fee OOOOP for the rental item corresponding to the product identification number for the item for sale.
- the following effects can be obtained. For example, who first went to which store in what month and year to purchase a ballpoint pen, and how many years that person owned the ballpoint pen from that point, and who sold or lent it after that. You can see the transition (flow and history) of Also, at the time of owner change, when and to whom the item was rented and for what amount of rent is recorded in the ledger information 405. If it is something that has been touched or touched, the value will rise and it may be traded at a high price.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of applying for a loan via the GUI displayed on the lender terminal 2 and the borrower terminal 3. As shown in FIG. 6
- the screen shown in FIG. 6 is configured to include display areas H1 to H5.
- the display area H1 displays a button that is pressed when the user of this service puts up an item as the lender user UL.
- a button B11 labeled "new exhibition” and a button B12 labeled “rental” are displayed.
- the button B11 labeled "new exhibition” is pressed, the screen transitions to the screen shown in FIG.
- the button B12 displaying "Rental” is pressed, a list of exhibits being rented by the user of this service as the lender user UL is displayed.
- the button B12 displaying "Rental” is pressed, the screen (my page) shown in FIG. good.
- FIG. 6 A specific example of the list of items on loan will be described later with reference to FIG.
- buttons to be pressed by the user of this service as a borrower user UB are displayed when borrowing an exhibit.
- B21, a button labeled “seasonal event”, a button labeled “book/manga/magazine”, etc. are displayed.
- the specific contents of buttons indicating other categories are as shown in the display area H2 in FIG.
- Notices and advertisements to the user are displayed in the display area H3.
- the notice "Men's jacket campaign is being held from September 1st!” is displayed.
- the announcements and advertisements displayed in the display area H3 can also be pressed as buttons.
- a dedicated screen (not shown) showing specific contents of the notification may be displayed.
- the “merchandise” referred to here means an article exhibited by the lender user UL.
- the display area H5 among the items put up by the lender users UL1 to ULn, three captured images of handbags and three captured watches are picked up and displayed as "recommended items" together with the item information. .
- the lessee user UB can easily find the desired article for sale by looking at the contents displayed in the display areas H2 and H3.
- An item to be put up with a "buy-out" mark M41 means that the item information includes an intention to sell. In other words, it means that the item is an item for which the lender user UL thinks that it may be handed over as it is after a predetermined rental period has elapsed. Specifically, for example, if an item worth 10,000 P is rented out for 100 P per day, the total rental fee sold reaches 10,000 P when the rental period reaches 100 days. In this case, the exhibit is handed over as it is, assuming that "we got our money's worth". For this reason, in the exhibition information of the article displayed in the display areas H4 and H5 of FIG. 6, the purchase price is displayed in addition to the rental fee per day.
- an exhibit with the "owner change" mark M51 is an exhibit for which the right to receive the rental fee can be transferred together with the ownership without changing the rental period. In other words, it means that the property of the exhibited article can be transferred to the service provider M or the lessee user UB while retaining the right to receive the rental fee.
- FIG. 7 shows a specific example of a screen displayed on the lessor terminal 2 and the lessee terminal 3 when the button B21 indicating the "fashion" category among the categories displayed in the display area H2 of FIG. 6 is pressed.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing;
- the screen shown in FIG. 7 is configured to include display areas H11 to H15.
- the display areas H11 to H14 display buttons and input fields for narrowing down the multiple exhibits extracted in the "fashion" category by other elements. As a result, the borrower user UB can efficiently search for a desired exhibit.
- buttons are displayed for narrowing down the multiple exhibits extracted in the "fashion” category by factors such as gender. Specifically, a button labeled “Male” to filter by listings for men, a button labeled “Female” for filtering by listings for women, and a button labeled “Women” for filtering by listings for children. There is a button labeled "Kids”.
- buttons are displayed for narrowing down the multiple exhibits extracted in the "fashion” category by the element "brand". Specifically, a button “specify brand” is displayed. When the "brand designation” button is pressed, the screen changes to a screen for designating a brand. For example, when a button "specify brand” is pressed, a pop-up screen listing specific brand names may be displayed.
- the display area H13 displays buttons for narrowing down the multiple exhibits extracted in the "fashion" category by subcategory. Specifically, there is a “total coordination” button for narrowing down by the subcategory “total coordination”, a “tops” button for narrowing down by the subcategory “tops”, and furthermore, as a subcategory of the subcategory, there are subcategories such as T-shirts and cut-and-sews, which are subcategories of tops.
- Knit Sweater button for narrowing down by
- shirt/blouse button for narrowing down by sub-category such as shirt or blouse
- Poly shirt for narrowing down by sub-category such as polo shirt
- button for narrowing down by sub-category such as knitwear or sweater
- Knit Sweater button is displayed.
- amount entry fields are displayed for narrowing down the plurality of exhibits extracted in the "fashion" category by the rental fee per day or the outright purchase price.
- the borrower user UB can efficiently search for desired exhibits within the budget.
- the display area H15 In the display area H15, captured images of a plurality of items for sale extracted in the "fashion" category are displayed together with the item information.
- the lessee user UB finds a desired item or an item of interest among the captured images of the plurality of items displayed in the display area H15
- the user UB presses the captured image.
- the button B151 indicating an item for sale is pressed
- a screen showing detailed information on the item for sale is displayed.
- a specific example of the screen displayed when the button B151 is pressed will be described later with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a specific example of a screen displayed on the lessor terminal 2 and the lessee terminal 3 when the button B151 displayed in the display area H15 of FIG. 7 is pressed.
- the screen shown in FIG. 8 is configured to include display areas H21 to H26.
- part of the user information of the lessor user UL who put up the article shown in FIG. 8 is displayed as "exhibitor information".
- the name of the lender user UL as the seller (Taro Exhibit)
- the total number of evaluations from other users (145)
- the breakdown of evaluations from other users includes the number of evaluations of “good” (100), the number of evaluations of “average” (40), and the number of evaluations of “bad” (5). ) is displayed.
- the exhibition area is important information when considering shipping costs.
- part of the exhibit information of the exhibit is displayed as "product information”. Specifically, the rental fee per week ( ⁇ P), the purchase price ( ⁇ P), the condition (used: ⁇ ), the number of items (1), The delivery method (parcel delivery service) is displayed.
- the display area H23 describes whether or not an owner change is possible.
- "Owner change possible” is displayed to the effect that the owner change is possible.
- the portion labeled "Owner Change Allowed” is a button B231 that can be pressed.
- the button B231 is pressed, the screen transitions to a screen for performing an owner change operation shown in FIG. A specific example of the operation for owner change will be described later with reference to FIG.
- the display area H24 a plurality of captured images of the items for sale are displayed. This allows the lessee user UB to easily grasp the form of the exhibited article.
- the display area H24 also displays a "borrow" button B241 that is pressed when applying for a loan. The borrower user UB can make a borrowing application by pressing the "Borrow" button B241.
- the display area H25 displays the description of the item for sale.
- the lessee user UB can easily obtain specific information about the article for sale.
- Fig. 8 as " ⁇ Product description>", "Price has been reduced! It is a beautiful product! After being rented for about 5 months, it was stored at home, but it was relisted. Because it is made of jersey material, it is elastic. It is comfortable to wear. It is recommended for office casual wear. It is perfect for early autumn.” is displayed.
- Communication tools used between users are displayed in the display area H26. According to this communication tool, since messages can be exchanged between users, it is possible to exchange detailed information about an article for sale, negotiate prices, and the like. As a result, smooth transactions between users can be realized. Specifically, a question message from the borrower user UB to the lender user UL, "I would definitely like to borrow it, but would you like it to be a little cheaper? If it's 3000P cheaper, I'll make an immediate decision! Please consider it.” is an example of a reply message from the lender user UL to the borrower user UB.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a specific example of a screen displayed on the lessor terminal 2 and the lessee terminal 3 when the button B231 displaying "Owner change allowed" in the display area H23 of FIG. 8 is pressed.
- the screen shown in FIG. 9 is configured to include display areas H31 to H36.
- the display area H31 part of the user information of the lessor user UL who put up the article shown in FIG. 8 is displayed as "exhibitor information". Note that the content displayed in the display area H31 is the same as the content displayed in the display area H21 in FIG. 8, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- a button B321 for requesting a change of ownership is displayed in the display area H32.
- the button B321 is pressed, the current owner of the item for sale is notified of the desire to change the owner.
- the display area H33 displays the current rental fee (10,000 P/month) as the 'current reference price' and '15% (15,000 P/month)' as the 'latest monthly interest rate'. In other words, it shows the rental fee (15000P) obtained by renting out in the most recent month and the ratio (15%) of the rental fee to the reference current price (100000P).
- a button B331 displaying "confirm auction price" is also displayed in the display area H33. When the button B331 is pressed, the transaction prices of the same or similar items put up on other auction sites are displayed. This facilitates comparison with the prices being traded at auctions.
- the display area H34 information about past lending records is displayed as a "rental log". As a result, it is possible to see at a glance what rental fees the exhibits have been rented for for what period. In addition, it is also possible to view the evaluation of the borrower user UB who has borrowed the article. Specifically, for example, the most recent rental is for one month from February 22, 2018 to March 22, 2018, and the rental fee is 15000P when converted to a monthly amount. Other contents of the specific example shown in the rental log are as shown in the display area H34 of FIG.
- a graph is displayed as a "reference depreciation table" that indicates the approximate rental fee of the exhibited item.
- a straight line L1 sloping downward to the right and a straight line L2 intersecting perpendicularly with the horizontal axis are displayed in a graph area in which the vertical axis is the "Rental fee reference” and the horizontal axis is the "Time”.
- a straight line L1 sloping downward to the right represents a rental fee as a guideline when the purchase price of the exhibited item is 40000P.
- a straight line L2 perpendicular to the horizontal axis indicates the current lending conditions.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a specific example of my page displayed on the lessor terminal 2 and the lessee terminal 3.
- the screen shown in FIG. 10 is configured to include display areas H41 to H47.
- a button B411 that is pressed when a new item is put up is displayed as "new item”.
- the screen transitions to a screen for operating a new exhibition. A specific example of the operation of putting up a new item will be described later with reference to FIG. 11 .
- points held by the user are displayed as "points held”.
- the amount of money sold by the user as the lender user UL is displayed as "sales amount". In this way, both "points" and "sales” can be treated as currency circulated in this service. Of these points, points are given in various campaigns and the like.
- the borrower user UB is evaluated as an excellent borrower user UB who carefully borrows items without damaging them, a large number of points are awarded.
- the points can also be applied to the rental fee. However, the points have an expiration date (for example, six months after acquisition). The proceeds of the sale can be withdrawn for cash at any time, as described above.
- the sales amount can be used to pay the rental fee. Also, the sales amount can be changed to points.
- the payment of the rental fee may be made by a combination of credit card payment, point payment, and appropriation from the sales amount.
- a notice from the service provider M to the user is displayed as "Notice to you”. Specifically, in the example shown in FIG. 10, the notice "Your points are about to expire” is displayed.
- the display area H45 displays transactional messages for the user. Specifically, in the example shown in FIG. 10, the notice "We have received a question about OO that is being put up for sale.” is displayed.
- a list of exhibits that are currently being lent to other users is displayed as a "list of things that are on loan”.
- the number of points, the number of rental days, and the number of days until a full purchase can be made are displayed for each of the listed exhibits.
- a display to that effect is provided for exhibits that have been approached for owner change.
- a list of exhibits currently being borrowed from other users is displayed as a "list of borrowed items”.
- the number of points, the number of rental days, and the number of days until a full purchase can be made are displayed for each of the listed exhibits.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a specific example of an operation screen when operating a new exhibition.
- the screen shown in FIG. 11 is configured to include display areas H51 to H54.
- a field for inputting basic information about the item to be newly exhibited is displayed as "basic product information”.
- basic information a column for selecting and inputting whether to link with Facebook (registered trademark), a column for selecting and inputting product category, a column for selecting and inputting product subcategory, and the like are displayed.
- the button B511 labeled "Register” is pressed, the basic information is registered. Note that the basic information is not limited to the items displayed in FIG. 11, and can include various items.
- a list is displayed as "similar product information” showing the status of products that are similar to the newly exhibited product in auctions and the like.
- the button B521 labeled “Select” is pressed, information about the product is displayed. This facilitates comparison with the prices and contents traded at auctions and the like.
- the display area H53 there is provided a tool for making a trial calculation to set the rental fee of a newly exhibited item to a reasonable level as "calculate rental fee from similar products". Specifically, in the display area H531 of the display area H53, a field for inputting the target yield, a field for inputting the rental period, and a check field for setting whether or not to purchase outright are displayed. In addition, in the display area H532 of the display area H53, an amount of money (250 P per day), which serves as a guideline for the rental fee of the item related to the new exhibition, is displayed. In addition, in the display area H533 of the display area H53, a period serving as a guideline for the rental period of the item related to the new exhibition is displayed as an "estimated rental period" calculated by trial calculation.
- a field for entering detailed information about the newly exhibited item is displayed as "detailed product information”. Specifically, as the detailed information, a field for registering a photographed image of an object to be newly put up for sale is displayed. Items to be input as detailed information are not limited to this, and a plurality of items can be provided. When the detailed information is entered and the button B541 labeled "Register" is pressed, the detailed information is registered.
- blockchain B is used to manage the legitimacy of rental information, but a distributed ledger may be used in addition to this. Any means that can manage the accuracy of the data by recording the information including the transaction history of the property as loan information is sufficient.
- an example of transactions between individuals has been described with a user who wishes to rent an article for sale as the lender user UL and a user who wishes to borrow the article for sale as the borrower user UB. It is not limited to only lender user UL and borrower user UB. That is, it may be a first user who wishes to receive the given item and a second user who wishes to receive the given item. Further, in the above-described embodiment, an article (clothes, shoes, a watch, a ballpoint pen, etc.) on a rental site is exemplified as a predetermined item, but any other item may be used as long as it is a predetermined item.
- the management server 1 requests blockchain B to make an inquiry. A part may be read out and trading may be controlled based on the information. For example, when the lender user UL registers an item for sale on the rental site, the transaction control unit 202 refers to the ledger information 405 of Blockchain B to determine whether the lender user UL is the true owner of the item for sale. , the reliability of the rental site can be improved by registering the item for sale when it is confirmed that the lender user UL is the true owner of the item for sale.
- the third party member user terminal refers to the ledger information 405 of blockchain B via the management server 1. After confirming whether or not the exhibitor of the exhibit is the true owner and whether it is safe to rent the exhibit from the exhibitor, the rental transaction can be performed.
- a member user who can refer to the information of the block chain B in this way is a member user different from a normal member user, for example, a premium member, and a person who satisfies a specific condition is a premium member.
- Specific conditions include, for example, being a paying member user when a normal member user is free, or being a member user who has a contract to pay a higher membership fee than a normal member user.
- Ranks may be provided for premium members, and the level of access to information on blockchain B and the searchable range may be changed according to the rank.
- the owner change history of the exhibited item in the owner information 404 may be viewed. At this time, the disclosure range of the owner information may be selected.
- the market price can be understood from there, so the lessor user who is the lessor of the exhibit It becomes possible to negotiate with UL.
- the owner information 404 of Blockchain B can be executed. For example, assume that a certain person X had an exhibit from year XX to year XY. Before that, person Y had an exhibit, and person Y had an owner's ownership history, such as transferring the ownership from the previous owner, person Z, and holding the exhibit until XX year. and Such circumstances are recorded in the owner information 404 as information on the true owner of the object. In the rental site of this service, the owner information 404 of the block chain B must be referred to through the management server 1 so that transactions such as renting or selling cannot be performed. By doing so, it is guaranteed that this person really owns it.
- the owner information 404 of Blockchain B can be used as follows. That is, for example, on the first date and time, when the property of the item to be rented is owned by Party A, the item is rented to Party B. After that, on the second date and time, the ownership of the item shall be transferred from Party A to Party C while the item is being rented to Party B.
- A is the owner from a predetermined date and time before the first date to the second date and time
- C is the owner after the second date and time. A history of the event is recorded.
- Hei can use the owner information 404 of Blockchain B as a requirement against a third party to the effect that he is the owner after the second date and time.
- the borrower user UB is configured to be able to borrow the item without any problem by making a borrowing application for the exhibit, but the configuration is not limited to this.
- a configuration may be adopted in which a plurality of borrowing applicants can exist.
- an auction format may be adopted so that the winning bidder can borrow the exhibited item.
- factors other than price may be employed as competitive factors when determining the winning bidder.
- competitive factors other than price for example, evaluations from other users, the number of points owned, and the like can be adopted. As a result, it is possible to anticipate an increase in the number of users who intend to use this service with a sincere attitude, so it is possible to prevent the occurrence of fraudulent acts and troubles that are likely to occur in CtoC transactions.
- visible items are exemplified as rental items, but they are not limited to visible items, and invisible items such as human skills and rights. may be In addition, these invisible items may be replaced with visible items in the form of a title certificate or the like. For example, a golf membership card is treated as a visible substitute for the invisible "right to play golf".
- an example is introduced in which an exhibit is traded as a single item (jacket, handbag, watch, etc.), but an exhibit (that is, an item to be rented) is a single item is not limited to For example, for a total of 10 volumes of comics, a user who does not have only 9 volumes can put up a "comic consisting of 1 to 8 volumes and 10 volumes". In this case, if there is a user who has only 9 volumes, he/she may apply for borrowing or purchase of "comics consisting of 1 to 8 volumes and 10 volumes".
- a user who has only these 9 volumes can borrow or buy "comics consisting of 1 to 8 volumes and 10 volumes" to prepare all 10 volumes of comics and give them to other users for a predetermined period of time. It can also be rented (so-called re-lending).
- the conditions for third party disclosure of information recorded in Blockchain B are fixed in the above-described embodiment, they are not particularly limited to this, and may be variable.
- a flag indicating disclosure/non-disclosure to a third party is attached to each predetermined unit of various information recorded in Blockchain B, and based on this flag, it is possible to control whether or not to disclose the information to a third party. can be done. This flag can be switched between on (disclosure) and off (non-disclosure).
- the flag for the personal information can also be switched from off (non-disclosure) to on (disclosure). Also, for example, at the time of credit card or loan screening, the flag can be switched from off (non-disclosure) to on (disclosure) for the necessary information among the information recorded in Blockchain B as the information of the backing assets. .
- FIG. 3 is merely an example for achieving the object of the present invention, and is not particularly limited.
- the functional block diagram shown in FIG. 5 is merely an example and is not particularly limited. That is, it is sufficient that the information processing system has a function capable of executing the above-described series of processes as a whole, and what kind of functional blocks are used to realize this function is not particularly limited to the example of FIG. .
- the locations of the functional blocks are not limited to those shown in FIG. 5, and may be arbitrary. Also, one functional block may be composed of hardware alone, software alone, or a combination thereof.
- a program that constitutes the software is installed in a computer or the like from a network or recording medium.
- the computer may be a computer built into dedicated hardware. Also, the computer may be a computer capable of executing various functions by installing various programs, such as a server, a general-purpose smart phone, or a personal computer.
- a recording medium containing such a program not only consists of a removable medium that is distributed separately from the device main body in order to provide each user with the program, but is also preinstalled in the device main body and distributed to each user. It consists of a provided recording medium, etc.
- the steps of writing a program recorded on a recording medium are not only processes performed chronologically in that order, but also processes performed in parallel or individually. It also includes the processing to be performed.
- system means an overall device composed of a plurality of devices, a plurality of means, and the like.
- an information processing apparatus for example, management server 1, etc.
- Information that supports transactions of the specified item between a first user (eg, lender user UL, etc.) who wishes to lend the specified item and a second user (eg, borrower user UB, etc.) who wishes to borrow the specified item
- a processing device for example, the management server 1 in FIG.
- Information including the characteristics of the predetermined item (for example, an item for sale), the owner of the property (for example, an item for sale), and the transaction history of the property (for example, an item for sale) is stored as loan information on a blockchain (for example, Blockchain B in FIG. 5, etc.) or management means for recording and managing in a distributed ledger (for example, transaction management unit 201 in FIG. 5, etc.);
- a distributed ledger for example, transaction management unit 201 in FIG. 5, etc.
- the management means e.g., the transaction in FIG. 5
- the management means e.g., the transaction in FIG. 5
- Transaction control means for example, FIG.
- the rental information is recorded and managed in Blockchain B or the distributed ledger, and the propriety of the transaction of the predetermined item (for example, the item for sale) is determined using the rental information in Blockchain B or the distributed ledger.
- the rental information is recorded and managed in Blockchain B or the distributed ledger, and the propriety of the transaction of the predetermined item (for example, the item for sale) is determined using the rental information in Blockchain B or the distributed ledger.
- the management means for example, the transaction management unit 201 in FIG. 5, etc.
- Personal information of each of the first user (e.g., lessor user UL, etc.) and the second user (e.g., lessee user UB, etc.) e.g., evaluation information such as the credit information of the exhibitor in the auction of the leased item, and the person's good reputation, etc.) etc.
- evaluation information such as the credit information of the exhibitor in the auction of the leased item, and the person's good reputation, etc.
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Abstract
Description
物を貸し借りするサービスとしては、BtoC(Business to Consumer)、即ち企業が一般消費者を対象に物品をレンタルするサービスはあるが、個人対個人間のレンタルサービスは、実現されていない。
また、従来から、二者間をマッチングさせるシステム(特許文献1参照)や、CtoC(Consumer to Consumer)の電子商取引を行うための各種サービス(メルカリやヤフオク等)は既に提供されているが、物の売り買いをすることに限られている。メルカリ、ヤフオクは登録商標である。
即ち、物のレンタルでは、貸し出した物が無事に返却されるまでが取り引きであるが、個人間の取り引きでは、物を貸し出す人と、物を借り入れる人の両者の信用が確保できないため、この点がサービスの普及の妨げになっている。
所定物の貸し出しを希望する第1ユーザと、当該所定物の借り入れを希望する第2ユーザとの間の当該所定物の取り引きを支援する情報処理装置であって、
前記所定物の特徴、当該所有物の所有者、当該所有物の取り引き履歴を含む情報を、貸借情報として、ブロックチェーン又は分散型台帳に記録して管理する管理手段と、
前記第1ユーザと前記第2ユーザとで前記所定物が取り引きされる前に、前記管理手段により前記ブロックチェーン又は前記分散型台帳に記録して管理されている前記賃貸情報を用いて、当該所定物の取り引きの可否を確認する制御を実行する情報制御手段と、
を備える。
図1は、本発明の情報処理装置の一実施形態に係る管理サーバ1を含む情報処理システムの構成の概要を示す図である。
具体的には、管理サーバ1は、CtoCのレンタルサイトをインターネットに公開し、会員登録した会員ユーザに対して物を賃貸するサービスを提供する。管理サーバ1は、貸手端末2-1乃至2-n、及び借手端末3-1乃至3-mの各動作を管理すべく、各種処理を実行する。
なお、以下、貸手ユーザUL1乃至ULn、貸手端末2-1乃至2-n、借手ユーザUB1乃至UBm、及び借手端末3-1乃至3-mの夫々を個々に区別する必要がない場合、これらをまとめて、「貸手ユーザUL」、「貸手端末2」、「借手ユーザUB」、及び「借手端末3」の夫々と呼ぶ。
ブロックチェーンBの場合、一定期間の取引データをブロック単位にまとめ、コンピュータ同士で検証し合いながら正しい記録をチェーン(鎖)のようにつないで蓄積する。
ブロックチェーンBの特徴は、一部のコンピュータで取引データが改ざんされたとしても、他のコンピュータとの多数決によって正しい取引データが選ばれるため、記録の改ざんや不正取引を防ぐことができる。
ブロックチェーンBは、ブロックと呼ばれるデータの単位を生成し、時系列に沿ってチェーンのようにつないでいくことでデータベースとなる。
各ブロックは、連結されたブロックの一つ前のハッシュ値(ハッシュ関数により計算された値)を持っており、それをさかのぼることで、つながりを辿ることができる。
ブロックチェーンBにおいて管理されている、過去に生成されたブロック内の情報を改ざんしようと試みた場合、変更したブロックから算出されるハッシュ値は以前のものと異なるものとなるため、後続のすべてのブロックのハッシュ値を変更しなければならず、変更は事実上困難であり、改ざん防止対策が施されている。
図2は、本サービスの基本的な流れを示すイメージ図である。なお、図2及び後述する図3には、貸手ユーザULと、借手ユーザUBとが夫々1人ずつ記載されているが、これは本サービスの流れをわかり易く説明するために簡略化させたものである。実際には、本サービスにおける貸手ユーザUL、及び借手ユーザUBは、いずれも複数存在し得る。
貸手ユーザULから申請を受けたサービス提供者Mは、ブロックチェーンBに対して貸手ユーザULの個人情報を登録し、登録が完了した旨を貸手ユーザULに通知する。
行う。
ステップSS2において、貸手ユーザULは、貸手端末2を操作することにより、貸し出しを希望する出品物に関する情報(以下、「出品情報」と呼ぶ)の登録を本サービスのサービス提供者Mに申請する。
出品情報の申請を受けたサービス提供者Mは、ステップSS3において、ブロックチェーンBに対して申請者である貸手ユーザULの個人情報の登録情報についての正否確認を依頼し、申請者の情報が正しいことが確認されると、貸手ユーザULの出品情報をブロックチェーンBに登録する。
出品情報が登録されると、この物は、本サービスに「出品」された「出品物」として取り扱われ、出品物を出品した貸手ユーザULは、「出品者」として取り扱われることとなる。
ここで、本サービスに登録される出品情報の内容は特に限定されず、出品物に関するあらゆる情報を出品情報として登録することができる。具体的には例えば、出品物の名称、種類、性質、大きさ、重さ、購入価格、希望レンタル料、レンタル期間、売却の可否等についてのテキスト情報や、出品物の撮像画像に基づく画像情報を出品情報に含めることができる。
なお、本サービスにおいて出品物の対象となる物は、レンタルの対象となる物であれば特に限定されない。具体的には例えば、衣服やテントなどキャンプ用品、ゴルフクラブや釣り用品、スーツケース、ゲーム機、タブレットやパソコン、OA機器、腕時計、土地、スペース、家、家具や什器、自動車やバイク、本、CDやレコード、カメラ、靴、アクセサリー、バッグ、特殊工具、ベビーカー等の育児用品はいずれもレンタルの対象となる物である。
ユーザ登録の申請を受けたサービス提供者Mは、上記貸手ユーザULのときと同様にブロックチェーンBに借手ユーザUBの個人情報を登録し、登録結果を借手ユーザUBに返す。
ここで、ステップSS1でユーザ登録された貸手ユーザULと、ステップSS3でユーザ登録された借手ユーザUBとは、いずれも本サービスの提供を受けるユーザとして、特に差別化されることなく登録されている。
このため、貸手ユーザULは、借手ユーザUBとしてのサービスを受けることもできるし、借手ユーザUBは、貸手ユーザULとしてのサービスを受けることもできる。即ち、本サービスにユーザ登録すると、物を貸し出すユーザとして参加することもできるし、物を借り入れるユーザとして参加することもできる。
また、借手ユーザUBは、必要に応じて保険の申請を行う。なお、本サービスでは、出品物に対し借入申請を行った借手ユーザUBを「借入申請者」とも呼ぶ。
借手端末3には、1以上の出品物が、出品情報とともに表示される。借手端末3に表示された1以上の出品物の中に、借手ユーザUBが借り入れを希望するものがあった場合、借手ユーザUBは、借手端末3を操作することにより、その出品物について借入申請を行う。
なお、借入申請を行うための操作の具体的例については、図6乃至図8を参照して後述する。
具体的には、出品物が借手ユーザUBに送付されると、出品物を受け取った借手ユーザUBは、目視により、貸手ユーザULにより提供された出品情報に含まれる出品物の撮像画像と、現物との比較を行う。
借手ユーザUBの目視による比較の結果、撮像画像と現物との間に差異がない場合、又は差異が看過できる範囲内の物である場合には、借手ユーザUBは、借手端末3を操作することにより、そのままレンタルを開始する旨を示す情報を管理サーバ1に送信する。
具体的には例えば、図示はしないが、借手端末3に表示された「承認」ボタンや「レンタル開始」ボタンを押下することで、レンタルを開始する旨を示す情報を管理サーバ1に送信する。
すると、管理サーバ1は、この情報を受信し、借手ユーザUBによりレンタル開始の承認がなされた旨を受け付ける。
これに対し、送付されてきた出品物の現物と撮像画像との比較の結果、看過できない差異が発見された場合、借入申請者は、出品物の利用を見送る(即ち開始しない)。この場合、借入申請者は、例えば借手端末3に表示された「承認」ボタンや「レンタル開始」ボタンを押下せずに、出品物を送付元に返却する。
また例えば、決済処理完了後の返金を認めるシステム環境であれば、借入申請者は、本サービスを介して出品者と交渉を行い、レンタル料の一部を返金してもらうことでレンタルを開始したり、全額返金とともにレンタルをキャンセルしたりすることができる。このような交渉は、本サービスで提供されるユーザ間のコミュニケーションツールを利用して直接的に行ってもよいし、本サービス提供者Mを介して間接的に行ってもよい。
ここで、返却されてきた出品物の現物と撮像画像との比較の結果、看過できない差異が発見された場合、出品者は、本サービスを介して借入申請者と交渉を行い、例えば以下のような措置を講ずることができる。
即ち、出品者は、決済が完了したレンタル料の追加料金を請求するか、あるいは、出品物を買い上げてもらうことができる。
このような交渉は、本サービスで提供されるユーザ間のコミュニケーションツール(図8及び図9)を利用して直接的に行ってもよいし、本サービス提供者Mを介して間接的に行ってもよい。
また、借手ユーザUBが保険料や送料を負担している場合には、レンタル料、保険料、及び送料(以下、「レンタル料等」と呼ぶ)の決済処理を決済サービス提供者Pに依頼する。
ステップSS23において、本サービス提供者Mは、送付されてきた売上額のポイントをプールする。
具体的には、出品者である貸手ユーザULは、貸手端末2を操作することにより、売上額のうち、本サービスの利用料を差し引いた額の範囲内で、ポイントを現金化したい旨の申請(以下、「引出申請」と呼ぶ)を行う。
具体的には、本サービス提供者Mは、出品者である貸手ユーザULからの引出申請の内容に基づいて、決済サービスを介したポイントの付与、又は現金の入金処理を行う。
なお、決済サービスを介したポイントの付与を行うことなく、本サービス提供者Mがプールしているポイントから直接ポイントが付与されるようにしてもよい。
図4は、図1の管理サーバ1のハードウェア構成を示すブロック図である。
RAM13には、CPU11が各種の処理を実行する上において必要なデータ等も適宜記憶される。
入力部17は、各種ハードウェア等で構成され、各種情報を入力する。
記憶部18は、DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memory)等で構成され、各種データを記憶する。
通信部19は、インターネットを含むネットワークNを介して他の装置(例えば図1の貸手端末2-1乃至2-n、借手端末3-1乃至3-m、及び決済サーバ4)との間で行う通信を制御する。
図5は、図4の管理サーバの機能的構成の一例を示す機能ブロック図である。
また、管理サーバ1のCPU11において、オーナーチェンジ処理が実行される場合には、買取受付部111と、買取提示部112とが機能する。画像診断処理が実行される場合には、返却受付部113と、比較抽出部114と、借入承認受付部115と、返却承認受付部116とが機能する。
管理サーバ1のCPU11において、目安額提案処理が実行される場合には、関連取得部117と、参考額提示部118とが機能する。
また、管理サーバ1のCPU11において、出品物についての取引関連処理が実行される際には、取引管理部201と、取引制御部202とが機能する。
ここで、撮像画像を比較する具体的手法は特に限定されない。例えば、出品時と返却時との夫々のタイミングで、同一の距離及び角度で撮像された撮像画像を重ね合わせることで差異点を抽出する手法や、撮像画像から所定の特徴量を抽出して比較する手法等を採用することができる。
このように、オークション等に出品されている類似商品の取引実績から、オークションで落札された金額の平均価格を算出することもできる。これにより、この平均価格に基づいて、目標とする利回り、経年による減価率、レンタル期間等に連動したレンタル料を試算することができる。
具体的には、出品取得部101は、本サービスの会員ユーザとして登録された貸手ユーザUL1乃至ULnの夫々から提供された物に関する情報を取得する。取得された物に関する情報は、取引管理部201に渡されて、取引管理部201を通じてブロックチェーンBに出品情報402として登録(記憶)されて管理される。
具体的には、出品提示部102は、ブロックチェーンBの出品情報402を読み出し、借手ユーザUBに提示する。これにより、借手ユーザUBは、出品物及びその内容を閲覧したり賃貸することができる。
具体的には、借入受付部103は、借手ユーザUBから、貸手ユーザULにより出品されている物のうち、いずれかを借り入れたい旨の申請があった場合に、これを借入申請として受け付ける。
具体的には、借入提示部104は、出品者である貸手ユーザULに対し、借手ユーザUBから借入申請があった旨を提示する。
具体的には、費用提示部105は、借入申請を行った借手ユーザUBに対し、物の借り入れに必要となる、レンタル料等を提示する。
具体的には、決済取得部106は、決済サーバ4によるレンタル料等の決済処理が完了した場合に、決済処理の完了を示す情報を取得する。取得された決済処理の完了を示す情報は、出品情報402に記憶されて管理される。
具体的には、売上管理部107は、レンタル料等のうち、決済サービス提供者Pが取得すべき金額を差し引いた残額を、売上額として計上し、これを管理する。
具体的には、決済提示部108は、決済サーバ4による決済処理が完了した場合に、その旨を貸手ユーザULに提示する。ここで、決済処理が完了した旨を貸手ユーザULに提示する具体的手法は特に限定されない。例えば、決済処理が完了した旨を貸手端末2に表示させてもよいし、メールやSNS(Social Networking Service)等のコミュニケーションツール等を用いて貸手ユーザULに知らせてもよい。
具体的には、貸手ユーザULは、出品物についての売上額を現金化したいと考えた場合、貸手端末2を操作することにより、本サービス提供者Mに対し引出申請を行う。すると、引出受付部109は、これを貸手ユーザULからの引出申請として受け付ける。
具体的には、引出決定部110は、貸手ユーザULからの引出申請の内容に基づいて、売上額のうち貸手ユーザULが引出すことができる額を決定する。売上額のうち貸手ユーザULが引出すことができる額は、売上額から、貸手ユーザULが負担すべきサービス利用料金を差し引いた額となる。
出品物を借り入れた借手ユーザUBは、レンタルしている出品物を買い取りたいと考える場合がある。上述したように、出品時に貸手ユーザULから提供される出品情報には、出品物の売却の可否に関する情報が含まれる。このため、出品物に売却の意思が認められている場合、その出品物を借り入れた借手ユーザUBは、買取申請を行うことができる。
具体的には、買取受付部111は、出品物を借り入れた借手ユーザUBから、出品物の買取申請があった場合に、これを受け付ける。
具体的には、買取提示部112は、借手ユーザUBから買取申請があった場合、貸手ユーザULに対し、買取申請があった旨を提示する。
ここで、借手ユーザUBから買取申請があった旨を貸手ユーザULに提示する具体的手法は特に限定されない。例えば、買取申請があった旨を貸手端末2に表示させてもよいし、メールやSNS等のコミュニケーションツールを用いて貸手ユーザULに知らせてもよい。
借手ユーザUBは、出品物のレンタル期間が満了した時点で、借手端末3を操作することにより、出品物を撮像したうえで、その撮像画像に基づく画像情報を少なくとも含む情報(以下、「返却情報」と呼ぶ)を、管理サーバ1に送信する。すると、返却受付部113は、送信されてきた返却情報を受け付ける。
上述したように、出品情報には、出品物の撮像画像が含まれる。比較抽出部114は、この出品情報に含まれる撮像画像と、借手端末3から送信されてきた返却情報に含まれる撮像画像とを比較し、差異点を抽出する。
出品物が借手ユーザUBに送付されると、出品物を受け取った借手ユーザUBは、目視により、貸手ユーザULにより提供された出品情報に含まれる出品物の撮像画像と、現物との比較を行う。
借手ユーザUBの目視による比較の結果、撮像画像と現物との間に差異がない場合、又は差異が看過できる範囲内の物である場合には、上述したように、借手ユーザUBは、借手端末3を操作することにより、そのままレンタルを開始する旨を示す情報を管理サーバ1に送信する。
具体的には例えば、図示はしないが、借手端末3に表示された「承認」ボタンや「レンタル開始」ボタンを押下することで、レンタルを開始する旨を示す情報を管理サーバ1に送信する。
すると、管理サーバ1は、この情報を受信し、借手ユーザUBによりレンタル開始の承認がなされた旨を受け付ける。
これにより、出品情報に含まれる出品物の撮像画像として、新品を撮像した物や、傷等を画像処理で消去したものを使用するような、貸手ユーザULによる不正行為を防ぐことができる。
出品物が貸手ユーザULに返却されると、出品物を受け取った貸手ユーザULは、目視により、借手ユーザUBにより提供された返却情報に含まれる出品物の撮像画像と、現物との比較を行う。
貸手ユーザULの目視による比較の結果、撮像画像と現物との間に差異がない場合、又は差異が看過できる範囲内のものである場合には、貸手ユーザULは、貸手端末2を操作することにより、返却が無事に完了した旨を示す情報を管理サーバ1に送信する。
具体的には例えば、図示はしないが、貸手端末2に表示された「承認ボタン」や「返却完了」ボタンを押下することで、返却が無事に完了した旨を示す情報を管理サーバ1に送信する。
すると、管理サーバ1は、この情報を受信し、貸手ユーザULにより返却の承認がなされた旨を受け付ける。
これにより、返却情報に含まれる出品物の撮像画像として、出品情報に含まれる撮像画像や、レンタル期間中に付いた傷等を画像処理で消去したものを使用するような、借手ユーザUBによる不正行為を防ぐことができる。
具体的には、関連取得部117は、出品物に関連する他の物品のオークション等での取引実績を取得する。
具体的には、参考額提示部118は、関連取得部117により取得された、出品物に関連する他の物品のオークション等の取引実績に基づいて、出品物のレンタル料の価格帯を提示する。貸手ユーザULは、出品物のレンタル料を決定する際に、参考となる金額を確認することができる。
具体的には、取引管理部201は、出品物の取引に関する貸借情報として、例えば出品情報402、履歴情報403、所有者情報404、台帳情報405等を外部のネットワークNのブロックチェーンB等に記憶して管理する。取引情報は、レンタル以外の取り引きの際(例えば出品物のリース額をオークション等で決定する際)に採用する情報である。
この他、ブロックチェーンBにはユーザ情報401等も記録及び管理されている。
出品物(所定物)の特徴は、例えば出品情報402として記憶されており、出品物を特定するための形状、年式、サイズ、ブランド名、色、柄、状態等の情報である。
状態は、例えば出品物の外観、使用の程度、傷、故障、修理履歴、性能等である。
出品物の取り引き履歴は、例えば履歴情報403として記憶されている。
履歴情報403は、例えば以前に出品物を貸し出した貸出元(貸手ユーザUL)と、出品物を借り入れた借入先(借手ユーザUB)と、日付と、期間と、料金と、オーナーチェンジ情報と、リースか買取かを示す情報とが対応した情報である。
履歴情報403を参照することで、出品物について、いつ、誰が誰にいくらでどれくらいの期間貸して、いつ返ってきた、いくらでオーナーチェンジした、買取した等の内容が分かる。
出品物を所有する真の所有者は、例えば所有者情報404として記憶されており、例えば所有者の情報(氏名、住所、連絡先等の個人情報)である。所有者の情報は、夫々の出品物に対応付けて記憶されている。
台帳情報405は、上記出品情報402、履歴情報403、所有者情報404の変遷の履歴が記憶されている。例えば出品物が誰から誰に所有権が移り、物自体が誰から誰に渡り、出品物の付属品がいつどこで欠品し、いつ貸し出され、いつ返却された等といった情報である。
個人情報管理部211は、貸手ユーザUL及び借手ユーザUB夫々の個人に関する情報をブロックチェーンBに記録して管理する。
貸手ユーザUL及び借手ユーザUB夫々の個人に関する情報には、例えば出品物のレンタルするオークションにおける借手ユーザUB(出品者)の信用情報やレンタル後の貸手ユーザULからの借手ユーザUBの評価(例えばこの人は良かった等といった評価等)が含まれる。
具体的には、借手端末3からの所定の出品物の貸入申請が借入受付部103により受け付けられた場合(取り引きされる前の時点で)、取引制御部202は、ブロックチェーンBに対して、貸入申請に含まれる借手ユーザUBの個人情報や取り引き履歴の照会を依頼し、この依頼に対して不整合とされた場合は、当該出品物の取り引きを不可と判定し、所定の出品物の貸入申請を却下する旨を借入提示部104を通じて借手端末3に提示する。
また、個人情報や取り引き履歴の照会の結果、情報の整合性が保たれている場合、取引制御部202は、当該出品物の取り引きの続行を可能と判定し、所定の出品物の貸入申請を許可し、当該出品物の取り引きの次の画面に遷移させる。
具体的には、出品物が装飾品等であれば、例えば服、バッグ、時計等が含まれる。出品物の特徴は、服が例えばジャケット等であれば、ジャケットの商品識別番号、ブランド、メーカの型番号、サイズ、色、柄、素材、状態等である。バッグであれば、バックの商品識別番号、メーカの型番号、サイズ、色、素材、状態等である。
レンタル価格は、一日いくら、といった日単位の価格である。この他、週単位、月単位、年単位のうちいずれかの価格の場合もある。
具体的には、出品物の商品識別番号に対応付けて、賃貸先、貸与された日付、返却された日付、レンタル日時の超過情報(返却予定日から何日超過した等)、レンタル価格等が履歴情報403として記憶されている。
例えば本サービスのサイトを使って、例えば貸手ユーザULが借手ユーザUBに例えばボールペン等の出品物を貸したとすると、貸手ユーザULがボールペンを借手ユーザUBに貸したという情報がブロックチェーンBに記録されて、借手ユーザUBが持っているっていう情報が記録される。
したがって、ブロックチェーンBの情報を閲覧すれば、ボールペンが誰のものであるかというのを誰もが分かる。
具体的には、所有者情報は、氏名や住所等の個人情報である。この他、所有者情報は、出品物のレンタル料を受け取る権利のあるオーナーとしての情報(オーナーの氏名とオーナーになった日付が対応した情報)が記憶されている。オーナーチェンジの際には、所有者情報が変更される。
具体的には、台帳情報405として、出品物の出品情報402、履歴情報403や所有者情報404が含まれる他、現在の状態と、出品物を取り引きする中で都度生じるリース料としてポイントが、出品物の商品識別番号に対応付けられて時系列に沿って記憶されている。
出品物の現在の状態とは、出品物の商品識別番号に対応した状態フラグ(「レンタル中」の場合は“0”、「在庫あり」の場合“1”等のフラグ)である。
また、出品物のレンタル価格が例えばOOOOポイント(以下「P」と称す)の場合、台帳情報としては、出品物の商品識別番号に対応してレンタル品のリース料OOOOPが記憶されている。
例えば、ボールペンを最初、何年何月にどこの店舗に誰が行って購入し、その人がその時点から何年の間、ボールペンを所持してその後、誰に売ったとか貸したとか、といった物の変遷(流れと履歴)が分かる。
また、オーナーチェンジの際も、物をいつ誰にいくらの賃料で貸した、というのが台帳情報405に記録されているため、例えば美術品や酒類等、過去に著名な人物が所持していたり使った物や手を付けた物である場合、価値が上がり、高値で取り引されることもある。
図6は、貸手端末2及び借手端末3に表示されたGUIを介して借入申請を行う場合の例を示す図である。
ここで、「新規出品」と表示されたボタンB11が押下されると、図11に示す画面に遷移する。なお、本サービスのユーザが貸手ユーザULとして出品する場合の操作の具体例については、図11を参照して後述する。
また、「レンタル中」と表示されたボタンB12が押下されると、本サービスのユーザが貸手ユーザULとして貸出中の出品物の一覧が表示される。具体的には例えば、「レンタル中」と表示されたボタンB12が押下されることで図10に示す画面(マイページ)に遷移し、貸出中の出品物の一覧が表示されるようにしてもよい。なお、貸出中の出品物の一覧の具体例については、図10を参照して後述する。
具体的には例えば、10000Pの価値がある出品物を、1日あたり100Pで貸し出している場合、レンタル期間が100日に達した時点で、売り上げたレンタル料の総額が10000Pに達する。
この場合、「元は取れた」として、出品物をそのまま引き渡すこととなる。このため、図6の表示領域H4及びH5に夫々表示されている出品物の出品情報には、1日あたりのレンタル料の他に、買い切り金額が表示されている。
即ち、レンタル料を受け取る権利を留保させたまま、本サービス提供者Mや借手ユーザUBに出品物の所有権を移転させることができる出品物であることを意味している。
例えば、出品物を示すボタンB151が押下されると、その出品物の詳細情報を示す画面が表示される。なお、ボタンB151が押下されたことにより表示される画面の具体例については、図8を参照して後述する。
このうち、他のユーザからの評価の内訳には、「良い」と評価された件数(100)と、「普通」と評価された件数(40)と、「悪い」と評価された件数(5)とが表示されている。ここで、出品地域は、送料を考慮する際の重要な情報となる。
また、表示領域H33には、「オークション価格を確認」と表示されたボタンB331も表示されている。ボタンB331が押下されると、他のオークションサイトに出品されている同一又は類似する出品物の取引価格が表示される。これにより、オークションで取引されている価格との比較が容易になる。
具体的には例えば、直近の貸し出しは、2018年2月22日から同年3月22までの1カ月間であり、そのレンタル料は、月額に換算すると15000Pであることされている。なお、貸し出しログに示された具体例の他の内容は、図9の表示領域H34に示すとおりである。
表示領域H43には、「売上額」として、ユーザが貸手ユーザULとして売り上げた金額が表示されている。
このように、「ポイント」及び「売上額」は、いずれも本サービスにおいて流通される通貨として取り扱うことができる。このうち、ポイントは、各種キャンペーン等で付与される。
また、出品物を損傷させることなく大切に借り入れを行っている優秀な借手ユーザUBとして評価された場合には、多くのポイントが付与される。ポイントは、レンタル料に充当することもできる。ただし、ポイントには有効期限(例えば獲得から半年間)が設けられている。
売上額は、上述したように、いつでも現金で引き出すことができる。また、売上額は、レンタル料の支払いに充てることもできる。また、売上額をポイントに変更することもできる。さらに、レンタル料の支払いは、クレジットカード払いと、ポイント払いと、売上額からの充当との併用であってもよい。
また、表示領域H53のうち、表示領域H532には、新規出品に係る物のレンタル料として目安となる金額(1日あたり250P)が表示されている。
また、表示領域H53のうち、表示領域H533には、試算により算出された「レンタル目安期間」として、新規出品に係る物のレンタル期間として目安となる期間が表示される。
このように物にポイントを紐付けて管理し、物の利用価値によってポイントが決まる仕組みを構築することで、物々交換のような取り引きを行うことができる。
また、上記実施形態では、所定物としてレンタルサイトへの出品物(洋服や靴、時計、ボールペン等)を例示したが、他の如何なるものであってもよく、所定物であれば足りる。
例えば貸手ユーザULが出品物をレンタルサイトに登録する際に、取引制御部202は、ブロックチェーンBの台帳情報405を参照して、貸手ユーザULが出品物の真の所有者であるか否かを判定することで、その貸手ユーザULが出品物の真の所有者であることが確認された場合に出品物を登録することで、レンタルサイトの信頼性を向上することができる。
特定の条件とは、例えば通常の会員ユーザが無料の場合は有料会員ユーザであったり、通常の会員ユーザよりも高額の会員料金を支払う契約をしている会員ユーザであること等を含む。
プレミアム会員にランクを設けて、ランクに応じてブロックチェーンBの情報にアクセスできるレベルや検索可能な範囲を変えてもよい。
プレミアム会員については、例えば所有者情報404の出品物のオーナーチェンジの履歴が閲覧できるようにしてもよい。この際に、オーナー情報については、開示範囲を選択できるようにしてもよい。
例えばある人物XがXX年からXY年まで出品物を持っていたものとする。その前に人物Yが出品物を持っていて、人物Yは、前のオーナーの人物Zから所有権移転してXX年まで出品物を持っていたといった等の所有者の所有履歴があったものとする。このような経緯が物の真の所有者の情報として所有者情報404に記録されている。
本サービスのレンタルサイトでは、管理サーバ1を通じてブロックチェーンBの所有者情報404を必ず参照しないと借りるとか売るとかのトランザクションができないようにする。
このようにすることで、本当はこの人が所有しているというのが担保される。例えばある人が出品物の所有者に出品物を借りたいと言っても、例えば今他の人に貸している、又は他の人が持っている場合は、他の人が借りているという情報があるから、返却日まで待たないと借りられないということが分かる。
逆に出品物を持っている人が貸主のようなふるまいをしている場合に、実は他の人が真の所有者であり、真の所有者がその人に貸していたというときには当然所有者は他の人になっているため、出品物を持っている人からは出品物は借りられないことが分かる。
即ち、例えば第1日時において、レンタル対象の物品の所有権が甲であるときに、当該物品が乙に貸し出されたものとする。そして、その後、第2日時において、当該物品が乙に貸し出された状態のまま、当該物品の所有権が甲から丙に移転されたものとする。
このような場合において、ブロックチェーンBの所有者情報404には、第1日時よりも前の所定日時から第2日時までは甲が所有権者であり、第2日時以降は丙が所有権者である旨の履歴が記載される。
これにより、丙は、ブロックチェーンBの所有者情報404を、第2日時以降の所有権者が自身である旨の第三者対抗要件として用いることができる。
例えば、複数の借入申請者が存在し得る構成としてもよい。この場合、オークション形式を採用して、落札者が出品物を借り入れることができるようにしてもよい。
オークション形式を採用した場合、落札者を決定する際の競合要素として、価格以外のものを採用してもよい。価格以外の競合要素としては、例えば、他のユーザからの評価、保有ポイント数等を採用することができる。
これにより、真摯な心構えで本サービスを利用しようとするユーザの増加を見込むことができるので、CtoCの取引で生じ易い不正行為やトラブルの発生を防ぐことができる。
例えば、全10巻のコミックについて、9巻のみ持っていないユーザが、「1~8巻,及び10巻からなるコミック」を出品することもできる。
この場合、仮に9巻のみを持っているユーザが存在すれば、「1~8巻,及び10巻からなるコミック」に対し、借入申請を行ったり、買取申請を行ったりする場合がある。
さらに、この9巻のみを持っているユーザは、「1~8巻,及び10巻からなるコミック」を借り入れたり、買い取ったりすることで、全10巻のコミックを揃え、他のユーザに所定期間貸し出すこともできる(いわゆるまた貸し)。
これにより、例えば個人情報であるがゆえに通常はフラグがオフ(非開示)とされているものであっても、犯罪捜査や貸し出し対象の物品が紛失したとき等の所定条件が満たされた場合、当該個人情報についての当該フラグをオフ(非開示)からオン(開示)に切替えることもできる。
また例えば、クレジットカードやローン審査のときに、裏付け資産の情報として、ブロックチェーンBに記録された情報のうち必要情報について、当該フラグをオフ(非開示)からオン(開示)に切替えることもできる。
また、1つの機能ブロックは、ハードウェア単体で構成してもよいし、ソフトウェア単体で構成してもよいし、それらの組み合わせで構成してもよい。
コンピュータは、専用のハードウェアに組み込まれているコンピュータであってもよい。また、コンピュータは、各種のプログラムをインストールすることで、各種の機能を実行することが可能なコンピュータ、例えばサーバの他汎用のスマートフォンやパーソナルコンピュータであってもよい。
即ち、本発明が適用される情報処理装置(例えば管理サーバ1等)は、
所定物の貸し出しを希望する第1ユーザ(例えば貸手ユーザUL等)と、当該所定物の借り入れを希望する第2ユーザ(例えば借手ユーザUB等)との間の当該所定物の取り引きを支援する情報処理装置(例えば図5の管理サーバ1等)であって、
前記所定物(例えば出品物等)の特徴、当該所有物(例えば出品物等)の所有者、当該所有物(例えば出品物等)の取り引き履歴を含む情報を、貸借情報として、ブロックチェーン(例えば図5のブロックチェーンB等)又は分散型台帳に記録して管理する管理手段(例えば図5の取引管理部201等)と、
前記第1ユーザ(例えば貸手ユーザUL等)と前記第2ユーザ(例えば借手ユーザUB等)とで前記所定物(例えば出品物等)が取り引きされる前に、前記管理手段(例えば図5の取引管理部201等)により前記ブロックチェーンB又は前記分散型台帳に記録して管理されている前記賃貸情報を用いて、当該所定物(例えば出品物等)の取り引きを制御する取引制御手段(例えば図5の取引制御部202等)と、
を備える。
このようにブロックチェーンB又は前記分散型台帳に賃貸情報を記録して管理し、ブロックチェーンB又は前記分散型台帳の賃貸情報を用いて、当該所定物(例えば出品物等)の取り引きの可否を判定することで、物(例えば出品物等)を貸し出すことを希望する1以上の個人(例えば貸手ユーザUL等)と、当該物(例えば出品物等)の借り入れを希望する1以上の個人(例えば借手ユーザUB等)との間で信用を確保した上で物(例えば出品物等)を安全に取り引き(賃貸取引等)することができるようになる。
前記第1ユーザ(例えば貸手ユーザUL等)及び前記第2ユーザ(例えば借手ユーザUB等)夫々の個人に関する情報(例えばリース品のオークションにおける出品者の信用情報やこの人は良かった等といった評価情報等)を前記ブロックチェーン又は前記分散型台帳に記録して管理する個人情報管理部(例えば図5の個人情報管理部211等)、
をさらに備える。
このように、所定物(例えば出品物等)の取引情報だけでなく、前記第1ユーザ(例えば貸手ユーザUL等)及び前記第2ユーザ(例えば借手ユーザUB等)夫々の個人に関する情報(例えばリース品のオークションにおける出品者の信用情報や貸主から借主へのこの人は良かった等といった評価情報等)を管理することで、個人の信用が担保されるので、所定物(例えば出品物等)の取り引き(賃貸取引等)をより安全に実現するサービスを提供することができる。
Claims (2)
- 所定物の貸し出しを希望する第1ユーザと、当該所定物の借り入れを希望する第2ユーザとの間の当該所定物の取り引きを支援する情報処理装置であって、
前記所定物の特徴、当該所有物の所有者、当該所有物の取り引き履歴を含む情報を、貸借情報として、ブロックチェーン又は分散型台帳に記録して管理する管理手段と、
前記第1ユーザと前記第2ユーザとで前記所定物が取り引きされる前に、前記管理手段により前記ブロックチェーン又は前記分散型台帳に記録して管理されている前記賃貸情報を用いて、当該所定物の取り引きを制御する取引制御手段と、
を備える情報処理装置。 - 前記管理手段は、
前記第1ユーザ及び前記第2ユーザ夫々の個人に関する情報を前記ブロックチェーン又は前記分散型台帳に記録して管理する個人情報管理部、
をさらに備える請求項1に記載の情報処理装置。
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