WO2022210212A1 - 音板及び打楽器 - Google Patents

音板及び打楽器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022210212A1
WO2022210212A1 PCT/JP2022/013719 JP2022013719W WO2022210212A1 WO 2022210212 A1 WO2022210212 A1 WO 2022210212A1 JP 2022013719 W JP2022013719 W JP 2022013719W WO 2022210212 A1 WO2022210212 A1 WO 2022210212A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tone
striking surface
longitudinal direction
base
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2022/013719
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一郎 大須賀
歩未 入佐
一樹 曽我
純之助 加世田
久明 向井
絵里 平井
雄一 只野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yamaha Corp
Original Assignee
Yamaha Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yamaha Corp filed Critical Yamaha Corp
Priority to CN202280026890.6A priority Critical patent/CN117121088A/zh
Priority to JP2023511089A priority patent/JP7626202B2/ja
Publication of WO2022210212A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022210212A1/ja
Priority to US18/474,405 priority patent/US12536982B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D13/00—Percussion musical instruments; Details or accessories therefor
    • G10D13/10—Details of, or accessories for, percussion musical instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D13/00—Percussion musical instruments; Details or accessories therefor
    • G10D13/01—General design of percussion musical instruments
    • G10D13/08—Multi-toned musical instruments with sonorous bars, blocks, forks, gongs, plates, rods or teeth

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to tone plates and percussion instruments.
  • Percussion instruments such as marimbas and xylophones have multiple tone plates as sounding bodies. This tone plate produces sound when struck by a mallet. Woods such as rosewood, oure birch, paddock, and Japanese quince are used as materials for these tone plates. In order to obtain excellent sound quality and durability against impact, there has also been proposed a tone plate in which wood and fiber-reinforced plastic sheets are laminated (see Patent Document 1).
  • conventional tone plates are formed by laminating a plurality of functional layers intended to enhance specific functions such as sound quality and strength.
  • a conventional tone plate controls the overall size of the tone plate based on the quality of each functional layer so that it can emit sounds in a desired range.
  • the inventors of the present invention focused their attention on the problems inherent in tone plates and diligently studied to obtain new knowledge to increase the degree of freedom in designing tone plates.
  • the present invention has been made based on such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to increase the degree of freedom in designing tone plates.
  • a tone plate according to an aspect of the present invention includes an elongated member having an elongated striking surface, and the weight of the striking surface side region of the elongated member within an equal thickness range from the striking surface is equal to that of the striking surface. It varies along the longitudinal direction.
  • a dissimilar material is impregnated into the long member in the thickness direction of the long member from the striking surface, and the impregnation amount of the dissimilar material varies along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface.
  • the impregnation depth of the dissimilar material monotonically increases or decreases from the longitudinal central region of the striking surface of the long member toward both sides in the longitudinal direction.
  • the density of the dissimilar material monotonically increases or decreases from the central region in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface toward both sides in the longitudinal direction.
  • the long member includes a surface layer having the striking surface, and a base directly or indirectly laminated on the surface of the surface layer opposite to the striking surface, and the specific gravity of the surface layer and the specific gravity of the base , and the thickness of the surface layer varies along the longitudinal direction of the hitting surface.
  • the base is made of wood.
  • the base is a laminate in which a plurality of plate materials are laminated, and the stacking direction of the plurality of plate materials is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the base.
  • the surface layer contains oriented fibers.
  • the elongated member further comprises an intermediate layer disposed between the surface layer and the base, the intermediate layer containing oriented fibers, and the direction of the fibers of the intermediate layer oriented in the direction of the surface layer. It is perpendicular to the direction of the fiber in plan view.
  • the thickness of the surface layer monotonically increases or decreases from the central region in the longitudinal direction of the hitting surface toward both sides in the longitudinal direction.
  • a percussion instrument includes a plurality of tone plates, and at least two tone plates of the plurality of tone plates have a weight increase/decrease direction along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface in the striking surface side region. are different, or the layer structure of the at least two tone plates is different.
  • the weights of both ends of the elongated member in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface or the thickness of the elongated member in the central region in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface are different.
  • the material of the outermost layer on the striking surface side is preferably the same.
  • the weight of the striking surface side area changes along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface means that the weight of the striking surface side area changes relatively along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface. In addition to a configuration in which the weight of the hitting surface side area changes continuously (smoothly), it includes a configuration in which the weight of the hitting surface side area changes stepwise.
  • the direction of the fibers in the intermediate layer is perpendicular to the direction of the fibers in the surface layer in plan view means the direction along the fibers of the intermediate layer (for example, if the intermediate layer contains wood, the wood The direction along the core of the tree) and the direction along the fibers of the surface layer are almost orthogonal in plan view. Not limited.
  • the tone plate according to one aspect of the present invention since the weight of the striking surface side region within an equal thickness range from the striking surface varies along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface, the sound quality and strength of the tone plate are improved. It is possible to increase the degree of freedom in designing the overall thickness and the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along a plane parallel to the side surface of a tone plate according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view cut along a plane perpendicular to the side surface of the tone plate of FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the tone plate of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1, showing an example of the surface layer of the tone plate of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the base of the tone plate of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a tone plate according to a form different from that of FIG. FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a tone plate having a form different from that of FIGS. 1 and 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of the tone plate of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the surface of the intermediate layer of the tone plate shown in FIG. 7 on the striking surface side.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view showing a percussion instrument according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view showing a tone plate having a form different from that of FIGS. 1, 6 and 7.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the tone plate of FIG. 11 along the line AA.
  • 13 is a cross-sectional view of the tone plate of FIG. 11 along the line BB.
  • the tone plate 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has an elongated striking surface 10a.
  • the weight of the striking surface side region R within an equal thickness range from the striking surface 10a varies along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 10a.
  • the tone plate 10 has a region (hitting surface side region R) sandwiched between the striking surface 10a and an imaginary surface parallel to the striking surface 10a provided at a certain depth from the striking surface 10a. , increases and decreases along the longitudinal direction of the striking face 10a.
  • the "striking surface side region within an equal thickness range from the striking surface” means a region of uniform depth from the striking surface of the tone plate 10 in the normal direction.
  • the term "hitting surface” as used herein means the main surface from which a sound is produced when struck, and is composed of a flat surface, a curved surface, or the like.
  • the tone plate 10 is used for percussion instruments such as marimba, xylophone, and vibraphone. These percussion instruments usually have a plurality of elongated tone plates. These tone plates have a striking surface that is struck with a mallet, and a concave portion is provided on the opposite side of the striking surface. In general, tone plates for high-pitched ranges are smaller in length in the longitudinal direction and thicker as a whole than tone plates for low-pitched ranges. Although the tone plate 10 in FIG. 1 is not particularly limited, it can be used, for example, as a tone plate for high-pitched sounds.
  • the tone plate 10 is an elongated member and includes a surface layer 1 having a striking surface 10a and a base 2 directly or indirectly laminated on the surface of the surface layer 1 opposite to the striking surface 10a. As described above, the tone plate 10 has the striking surface region R whose weight changes along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 10a. In the tone plate 10, the striking surface side region R can be an area sandwiched between the striking surface 10a and a virtual surface parallel to the striking surface 10a passing through the portion where the surface layer 1 has the maximum thickness.
  • the tone plate 10 has the surface layer 1 laminated on the base 2 .
  • the tone plate 10 may include layers other than the surface layer 1 and the base 2 or may not include layers other than the surface layer 1 and the base 2 .
  • the surface layer 1 and the base 2 are fixed using an adhesive, for example.
  • the surface layer 1 and the base 2 have different specific gravities. Also, the thickness of the surface layer 1 varies along the longitudinal direction of the hitting surface 10a. By configuring the tone plate 10 in this way, the weight of the striking surface side region R can be easily changed along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 10a.
  • the surface layer 1 is in the shape of a thin plate.
  • the striking surface 10a constitutes the outermost surface of the tone plate 10 that is struck with a mallet.
  • the hitting surface 10a is elongated, and more specifically rectangular in plan view.
  • the material of the surface layer 1 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include wood, resin, fiber reinforced resin (FRP), paper, metal, ceramic, elastomer, and the like.
  • the material of the surface layer 1 can be selected based on the tone quality required for the tone plate 10 and the like.
  • a material containing oriented fibers is preferably used as the material of the surface layer 1.
  • Materials containing oriented fibers include, for example, wood, fiber-reinforced resin, and paper. If the tone plate 10 is intended to emit a wooden tone, wood is used as the material of the surface layer 1 .
  • the surface layer 1 may be provided as a functional layer that functions to increase the strength of the tone plate 10 .
  • the specific gravity of the surface layer 1 is greater than the specific gravity of the base 2 .
  • the material of the surface layer 1 is wood
  • examples of the wood include rosewood, paddock, Chinese quince, maple, hard maple, hornbeam, beech, oak, matois, mahogany, and birch.
  • the wood may be, for example, a cross-grain board.
  • the wood is a straight grain board.
  • the appearance of the tone plate 10 can be improved by using the straight-grained wood as the wood.
  • the grain of the wood extends along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 10a.
  • "straight grain” here refers to the sound of wood cut within the range of ⁇ 45° from the vertical (thickness direction of the surface layer) with the average angle of the annual rings in the wood end view (cross section where the annual rings appear concentric). It refers to board materials.
  • the thickness of the surface layer 1 monotonically decreases from the longitudinal central region of the hitting surface 10a toward both longitudinal sides.
  • the strength, weight, etc. of the tone plate 10 can be changed from the central region in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 10a toward both sides in the longitudinal direction in accordance with the thickness of the surface layer 1.
  • FIG. 1 For example, if the tone plate 10 is used as a tone plate for high-pitched sounds, the weight of both longitudinal side regions of the striking surface 10a is reduced relative to the central region, thereby increasing the sound quality and strength of the tone plate 10. , the overall thickness of the tone plate 10 and the like can be easily adjusted.
  • the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the surface layer 1 (the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness with reference to the flat surface of the striking surface 10a) can be set within a range that increases the degree of freedom in designing the tone plate 10. and is not particularly limited.
  • the lower limit of the difference may be, for example, 0.10 mm or 0.20 mm.
  • the upper limit of the difference may be, for example, 4 mm or 2 mm.
  • the surface layer may be impregnated with a different material in the thickness direction from the striking surface 10a.
  • a configuration impregnated with different materials will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the surface layer 11 in FIG. 4 can be used in place of the surface layer 1 in FIG.
  • the surface layer 11 in FIG. 4 has a base material and a different material impregnating this base material.
  • a material such as a porous material that can be impregnated with a different material is used.
  • the base material include, but are not limited to, wood. According to this configuration, the tone plate 10 tends to emit wooden sounds.
  • the surface layer 11 is impregnated with a different material, the strength of the surface layer 11 can be easily increased.
  • the specific type and structure of the wood constituting the base material may be the same as those of the surface layer 1 in FIG.
  • a material having a higher specific gravity than the base material is preferably used as the different material.
  • the heterogeneous material include resin.
  • the resin is not particularly limited, a thermosetting resin having a low viscosity and being easily impregnated into the base material is used.
  • thermosetting resins include epoxy resins, phenol resins, urea resins, polyesters, acrylic resins, silicate resins, melamine resins, and polyurethanes.
  • the heterogeneous material may contain a filler (fine particles).
  • this filler include talc and glass fiber.
  • the impregnated amount of the different material varies along the longitudinal direction of the hitting surface 10a.
  • the weight of the hitting surface region R can be easily changed along the longitudinal direction of the hitting surface 10a.
  • the dissimilar material impregnates the entire area of the surface layer 11, for example.
  • the impregnation depth of the dissimilar material can be controlled by the thickness of the surface layer 11 . That is, the impregnation depth of the different material can be matched with the thickness of the surface layer 11 .
  • the specific gravity of the surface layer 11 can be easily increased relative to the specific gravity of the base 2 .
  • the impregnation depth of the different material monotonically increases or decreases from the central region in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 10a toward both sides in the longitudinal direction, for example.
  • the tone plate 10 is formed by adjusting the impregnation depth of the dissimilar material to match the thickness of the surface layer 11, from the central area in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 10a to the longitudinal direction. It can easily be monotonically increasing or monotonically decreasing towards either side of the direction. For example, when the tone plate 10 is used as a tone plate for high-pitched sounds, the depth of impregnation of the different material in both longitudinal side regions of the striking surface 10a is smaller than that in the central region.
  • the density of the dissimilar material is the same as that of the striking surface 10a. It monotonously increases or monotonously decreases from the central region in the longitudinal direction toward both sides in the longitudinal direction.
  • the density of the dissimilar material may, for example, monotonically increase or decrease from the central region in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 10a toward both sides in the longitudinal direction.
  • the tone plate 10 is arranged such that the density of the dissimilar material in the striking surface side area R is matched to the thickness of the surface layer 11, and the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 10a is adjusted. It can be easily monotonically increased or decreased from the central region to both longitudinal sides.
  • the tone plate 10 is used as a tone plate for high-pitched sounds
  • the density of the dissimilar materials in both side regions in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 10a is made smaller than that in the central region. It is easy to adjust the tone quality and strength of the tone plate 10, the overall thickness of the tone plate 10, and the like.
  • the base 2 supports the surface layer 1 from its back side.
  • the base 2 also controls the sound quality emitted from the tone plates 10 .
  • the back surface of the base 2 is provided with a recess 2a.
  • the concave portion 2a is formed in the central portion of the base 2 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the concave portion 2a crosses the rear surface of the base 2 in the lateral direction.
  • the base 2 has a thin portion 2b depressed by the recess 2a.
  • the tone plate 10 has a concave portion 2a on the back surface of the base 2, so that it is tuned so that the ratio of the frequencies in each of the fundamental mode and the higher order mode is approximately an integer multiple.
  • the material of the base 2 is not particularly limited, and examples include the materials exemplified for the surface layer 1 . Further, as will be described later, the base 2 may be formed using a plurality of plate members made of the materials exemplified for the surface layer 1, for example. In this case, for example, all the plate materials that constitute the base 2 are made of the same material.
  • the base 2 is, for example, wood.
  • Examples of the wood that constitutes the base 2 include the wood exemplified for the surface layer 1 . Since the base 2 of the tone plate 10 is made of wood, it is easy to emit wooden sounds.
  • the base 2 may be impregnated with the different material described above. Moreover, when the base 2 includes a plurality of plate members, only some of the plurality of plate members may be impregnated with the different material. Further, when both the surface layer 1 and the base 2 contain wood and the surface layer 1 is not impregnated with the different material, the base 2 is used to make the specific gravity of the surface layer 1 different from that of the base 2.
  • the type of wood used for 2 and the type of wood used for surface layer 1 may be different.
  • the base 2 may be composed of a single plate material.
  • the base 2 may be a laminate in which a plurality of plate materials are laminated.
  • the base 2 can be formed by fixing a plurality of plate materials with an adhesive.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the base of the tone plate of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. The XYZ axes in FIG. 5 indicate the longitudinal direction of the base 2, the thickness direction of the base 2, and the width direction of the base in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, respectively. Note that the XYZ axes are similarly applied to the drawings of other embodiments.
  • the thickness direction and width direction of the base are not defined by the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
  • the base 2 may be formed by laminating a plurality of plate materials in the thickness direction of the base 2 (the Y-axis direction in FIG. 5).
  • the stacking direction of the plurality of plate members 2c (the Z direction in FIG. 5) and the thickness direction of the base 2 (the Y-axis direction in FIG. 5) are perpendicular to each other.
  • the base 2 is formed by stacking a plurality of plate members 2c in a plane direction (for example, the X-axis direction or the Z-axis direction in FIG. 5) perpendicular to the thickness direction (the Y direction in FIG. 5) of the base 2. may be provided.
  • the adhesive for adhering the plurality of plate members 2c is not arranged in a film in the plane direction (the XZ plane direction in FIG. 5). As a result, damping of vibration in the planar direction due to the adhesive can be suppressed, and it is easy to produce a sound with a length.
  • the tone plate manufacturing method includes a step of forming a surface layer (forming step) and a step of laminating the surface layer formed in the forming step and a base (laminating step).
  • the surface layer 1 or surface layer 11 having, for example, a flat striking surface 10a and a curved surface facing the striking surface 10a is formed.
  • the forming step for example, after the entire surface layer is curved in an arch shape, one curved surface is flattened by cutting or the like to form a desired shape.
  • the formation step may be performed before the lamination step, or may be performed after the lamination step.
  • a procedure for impregnating the surface layer with the dissimilar material in the forming step will be described.
  • the entire region of the surface layer is impregnated with the dissimilar material, in the forming step, after the base material constituting the surface layer is immersed in a solution containing the dissimilar material, the dissimilar material is cured by heating or the like.
  • the base material and the solution are placed in a chamber, the chamber is decompressed, and the base material is immersed in the solution.
  • the inside of the chamber is pressurized to atmospheric pressure or higher while the base material is immersed in the solution.
  • the above procedure it is easy to evenly impregnate the dissimilar material into the interior of the base material, and the entire area of the base material can be easily impregnated with the dissimilar material. As a result, it is easy to control the impregnation depth of the dissimilar material in the tone plate 10 .
  • the above procedure may be repeated two or more times.
  • the tone plate manufacturing method only a portion of the surface layer may be impregnated with the different material. In this case, in the forming step, only a desired thickness range from the striking surface side of the base material may be immersed in the solution.
  • the surface layer formed in the forming step and a separately prepared base are fixed with an adhesive.
  • Tone plates have various problems depending on the musical instrument, and even within a single musical instrument, depending on the pitch and the like.
  • the tone plates have specific problems depending on the pitch.
  • a specific example is as follows.
  • the central area in the longitudinal direction, where the high-pitched tone plates are hit frequently, has the problem of denting the striking surface due to the use of hard mallets.
  • wood impregnated with resin hereinafter, wood impregnated with resin is also referred to as “resin-impregnated wood”
  • the wood becomes harder than ordinary wood of the same material.
  • the advantage of using resin-impregnated wood for tone plates is that the use of resin-impregnated wood as a material that includes the surface effectively increases the hardness of the surface, but the disadvantage is that it contains resin.
  • the sound quality is different from that of the original material of the wood, so the more resin-impregnated wood is added to the entire tone plate, the further away from the marimba or xylophone sound quality.
  • resin-impregnated wood has a higher specific gravity than ordinary wood of the same material.
  • specific gravity there is a positive correlation between specific gravity and hardness, and between hardness and elastic modulus.
  • the higher the elastic modulus the higher the pitch of the sound that is produced.
  • the specific gravity is large, so the weight on both end sides increases, the pitch becomes lower, and the shaving allowance for tuning decreases.
  • the tone plate requires pitch tuning after the plate body is molded.
  • the tuning is performed by grinding the central portion of the back surface of the tone plate or both longitudinal ends of the tone plate. That is, the pitch is lowered by lowering the rigidity by grinding the central portion of the tone plate, and the pitch is raised by reducing the mass at both ends.
  • This shaving of the tone plate reduces the thickness of the tone plate. It is necessary to adjust within a range that does not cause dents or the like.
  • tone plates are made from such materials.
  • wood grains suitable for tone plates are carefully selected, and it is very difficult to obtain large veneers among such carefully selected materials.
  • materials such as resin-impregnated materials and resin materials that are more rigid than wood, even if it is just a part of it, it is possible to reduce the size of the entire tone plate even if the same tone pitch is made.
  • even small materials that could not be used in the past can now be used as tone plates.
  • resin-impregnated wood and resin material in appropriate places, the use of scarce wood is kept to a necessary minimum, and the above-mentioned disadvantages can be suppressed.
  • the tone plate 10 of the present embodiment is easy to take advantage of the advantages of the material when focusing on such problems of the tone plate.
  • the weight of the striking surface side region R within a uniform thickness range from the striking surface 10a varies along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 10a. It is possible to increase the degree of freedom in design such as, to increase the easiness of fine adjustment in tuning, and to widen the range of adjustment.
  • the thickness of the resin-impregnated wooden material is increased in the central region in the longitudinal direction, where the frequency of hitting is high, compared to both ends, thereby increasing the dent resistance and increasing the elastic modulus. Because it can be made larger, the pitch is also higher and the trimming allowance for tuning increases.
  • the tone plate 10 is such that the weight per predetermined volume of the striking surface side region R is monotonously decreased from the central region in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 10a toward both sides in the longitudinal direction. The weight on both ends can be reduced. Therefore, the tone plate 10 can be suitably used as a tone plate for high-pitched sounds.
  • the tone plate 20 shown in FIG. 6 has an elongated striking surface 20a.
  • the weight of the striking surface side region R within an equal thickness range from the striking surface 20a varies along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 20a.
  • the tone plate 20 can be used in place of the tone plate 10 in FIG.
  • the thickness of the tone plate 20 can be about the total thickness of the surface layer 1 and the base 2 in FIG.
  • the tone plate 20 includes a base material 21 having a striking surface 20a.
  • the base material 21 is impregnated with a different material 22 in the thickness direction from the striking surface 20a.
  • the amount of impregnation of the dissimilar material 22 varies along the longitudinal direction of the hitting surface 20a.
  • the weight of the striking surface side region R changes along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 20a by changing the impregnated amount of the dissimilar material 22. As shown in FIG.
  • Base material As the base material 21, a material such as a porous material that can be impregnated with the dissimilar material 22 is used. Examples of the base material 21 include, but are not limited to, wood. Examples of the wood used as the base material 21 include the wood exemplified for the surface layer 1 in FIG.
  • a plurality of pores 20b are provided on the striking surface 20a.
  • the plurality of pores 20b can be formed by, for example, laser insizing processing, a needle sticking method, a fluid spraying method, or the like.
  • the depths of the plurality of pores 20b monotonically decrease from the longitudinal central region of the striking surface 20a toward both longitudinal sides.
  • the plurality of holes 20b are arranged at approximately equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 20a.
  • the striking surface side region R can be an area sandwiched between the striking surface 20a and an imaginary surface parallel to the striking surface 20a passing through the deepest portions of the plurality of pores 20b.
  • the dissimilar material 22 fills the plurality of pores 20b. That is, the arrangement and content of the dissimilar material 22 are adjusted by the arrangement, size, etc. of the plurality of pores 20b.
  • Materials used for the dissimilar material 22 include the materials exemplified for the tone plate 10 in FIG. Note that the different material 22 may impregnate portions other than the plurality of pores 20b as long as the overall content is adjusted by the plurality of pores 20b.
  • the impregnation depth of the dissimilar material 22 monotonically decreases from the longitudinal central region of the striking surface 20a toward both longitudinal sides. More specifically, the impregnation depth of the dissimilar material 22 gradually decreases from the central region in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 20a toward both sides in the longitudinal direction so as to correspond to the depths of the plurality of pores 20b.
  • the density of the dissimilar material 22 may monotonically decrease from the central region in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 20a toward both sides in the longitudinal direction. More specifically, the density of the dissimilar material 22 in the striking face side region R is stepwise from the central region in the longitudinal direction of the striking face 20a toward both sides in the longitudinal direction so as to correspond to the depths of the plurality of pores 20b. has decreased to
  • the weight of the striking surface side region R within the range of equal thickness from the striking surface 20a varies along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 20a.
  • the degree of design freedom can be increased.
  • the tone plate 30 shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 has an elongated striking surface 30a.
  • the weight of the striking surface side region R within an equal thickness range from the striking surface 30a varies along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 30a.
  • the tone plate 30 includes a surface layer 31 having a striking surface 30a, and a base 32 indirectly laminated on the surface of the surface layer 31 opposite to the striking surface 30a.
  • the tone plate 30 also includes an intermediate layer 33 arranged between the surface layer 31 and the base 32 .
  • the surface layer 31, intermediate layer 33 and base 32 are fixed using an adhesive, for example.
  • the surface layer 31, the intermediate layer 33 and the base 32 are arranged in this order from the striking surface 30a side toward the back surface side.
  • the tone plate 30 may include layers other than the surface layer 31 , the intermediate layer 33 and the base 32 , or may not include layers other than the surface layer 31 , the intermediate layer 33 and the base 32 .
  • the tone plate 30 is not particularly limited, it can be used, for example, as a tone plate for bass.
  • the surface layer 31 contains oriented fibers.
  • the surface layer 31 contains, for example, wood as a material containing oriented fibers.
  • the thickness of the surface layer 31 monotonously increases from the longitudinal central region of the striking face 30a toward both longitudinal sides.
  • the longitudinal length of the surface layer 31 is greater than that of the surface layer 1 in FIG.
  • a specific configuration of the surface layer 31 may be the same as that of the surface layer 1 in FIG. 1 or the surface layer 11 in FIG. 4, except that the thickness direction and the longitudinal length are different.
  • the striking surface side region R can be defined as an area sandwiched between the striking surface 30a and a virtual surface parallel to the striking surface 30a passing through the portion where the surface layer 31 has the maximum thickness.
  • the base 32 supports the surface layer 31 and the intermediate layer 33 from the back side. Also, the base 32 controls the sound quality emitted from the tone plates 30 .
  • a concave portion 32 a is provided on the back surface of the base 32 .
  • the recess 32a is formed in the central portion of the base 32 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the recessed portion 32a crosses the rear surface of the base 32 in the lateral direction.
  • the base 32 has a thin portion 32b depressed by the recess 32a.
  • the thickness of the thin portion 32b of the base 32 is smaller than the thickness of the thin portion 2b of the base 2 in FIG.
  • the longitudinal length of the base 32 is longer than the longitudinal length of the base 2 in FIG.
  • the base 32 can have the same configuration as the base 2 in FIG. 1 except that the thickness of the thin portion 32b is small and the length in the longitudinal direction is large.
  • the intermediate layer 33 contains oriented fibers.
  • the intermediate layer 33 includes, for example, wood as a material containing oriented fibers. More specifically, the intermediate layer 33 is made of wood. Since the intermediate layer 33 of the tone plate 30 contains wood, the surface layer 31, the intermediate layer 33, and the base 32 can all be made of wood. Examples of the wood contained in the intermediate layer 33 include the wood exemplified for the surface layer 1 in FIG.
  • the tone plate 30 is prone to cracking due to the small thickness of the thin portion 32b of the base 32.
  • the intermediate layer 33 is provided mainly to suppress this cracking.
  • the intermediate layer 33 may be configured by laminating a plurality of single plates in the thickness direction, or may be configured from one single plate.
  • the direction of the fibers of the intermediate layer 33 is, for example, perpendicular to the direction of the fibers of the surface layer 31 in plan view. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the wood grain 33a of the intermediate layer 33 is orthogonal to the wood grain 31a of the surface layer 31 in plan view. According to this configuration, cracking of the tone plate 30 can be suppressed more reliably. Further, by making the grain 33a of the wood of the intermediate layer 33 orthogonal to the grain 31a of the wood of the surface layer 31 in a plan view, the grain 33a of the wood of the intermediate layer 33 can be easily crossed with the crack propagation direction.
  • the intermediate layer 33 is made of wood having a relatively low specific gravity, cracking of the tone plate 30 can be easily suppressed.
  • the degree of freedom in the thickness of the intermediate layer 33 and the degree of freedom in selecting the type of wood are increased, making it easier to improve the sound quality of the tone plate 30 .
  • the method of manufacturing the tone plate 30 includes, for example, a step of forming the surface layer 31 (forming step), and a step of laminating the surface layer 31 formed in the forming step, the intermediate layer 33, and the base 32 in this order ( lamination step).
  • the forming process can be performed in the same procedure as the forming process in the manufacturing method of the tone plate 10 of FIG.
  • the lamination step for example, the surface layer 31, the intermediate layer 33 and the base 32 are fixed with an adhesive.
  • Tone plates have various problems depending on the musical instrument, and even within a single musical instrument, depending on the pitch and the like.
  • the tone plates have specific problems depending on the pitch.
  • a specific example is as follows. Mainly, for bass-side tone plates, there is a demand to increase the mass of both end regions in the longitudinal direction of the tone plate. The gouging amount of the center area (the gouging amount of the concave portion 32a) can be reduced as the mass of the both end areas increases. This increases the thickness of the central region and improves durability.
  • resin-impregnated lumber has a higher specific gravity than ordinary lumber of the same material, so it can be effectively used to increase the mass.
  • the demerit is that the sound quality differs from that of the original wood material due to the amount of resin that is included, so the more resin-impregnated wood material is added to the entire tone plate, the less the sound quality is that of a marimba or xylophone.
  • the tone plate requires pitch tuning after molding of the plate body. Furthermore, while environmental protection is emphasized, some natural woods are scarce, difficult to obtain, and expensive.
  • the tone plate 30 of the present embodiment is easy to take advantage of the advantages of the material when focusing on such problems of tone plates.
  • the thickness of the surface layer 31 monotonically increases from the longitudinal central region of the striking surface 30a toward both longitudinal sides. According to this configuration, the strength, weight, etc. of the tone plate 30 can be changed from the central region in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 30a toward both sides in the longitudinal direction in accordance with the thickness of the surface layer 31.
  • the tone plate 30 is used as a tone plate for low-pitched sounds
  • the weight of both longitudinal side regions of the striking surface 30a is increased relative to the central region, thereby increasing the sound quality and strength of the tone plate 30.
  • the degree of freedom in design such as the overall thickness of the tone plate 30 can be increased, the easiness of fine adjustment in tuning can be increased, and the range of adjustment can be increased. And when rare wood is used, it can be used effectively.
  • tone plates are more flexible in the central region in the longitudinal direction, making it easier to emit low-frequency sounds.
  • the depth of the concave portion provided on the back surface of the base has been increased.
  • the weight of the striking surface side region R is monotonously increased from the central region in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 30a toward both sides in the longitudinal direction, thereby increasing the strength of the central region in the longitudinal direction. can be made substantially smaller and the flexibility of this central region can be improved. Therefore, the tone plate 30 can be suitably used as a tone plate for bass.
  • a percussion instrument 40 in FIG. 10 includes a plurality of tone plates 50 .
  • Each of the tone plates 50 has an elongated striking surface 50a.
  • at least one tone plate 50 has a striking surface side region whose thickness is equal to the thickness range from the striking surface 50a, and the weight of which varies along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 50a.
  • the percussion instrument 40 has tone plates in which the weight of the striking surface side region changes along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 50a. may contain either.
  • the percussion instrument 40 is, for example, a marimba, a xylophone, a vibraphone, or the like.
  • the percussion instrument 40 includes, for example, two or more tone plates 50 in which the weight of the striking surface side region varies along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 50a. Further, for example, at least two tone plates 50 out of these tone plates 50 have different weight increasing and decreasing directions along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 50a in the striking surface side region (in other words, at least two tone plates 50).
  • the tone plate 50 has a different degree of weight increase or decrease along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 50a in the striking surface side region, or has a different overall layer structure.
  • the tone plate 10 in FIG. 1, the tone plate 20 in FIG. 6, and the tone plate 30 in FIG. 7 have different layer structures.
  • tone plates 10, 20, 30 have different weights at both ends, and also different thicknesses in the longitudinal central region of the striking surface of the tone plates 10, 20, 30. 7 differs from the tone plate 10 in FIG. 1 and the tone plate 20 in FIG. 6 in the direction of weight increase and decrease along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 50a in the striking surface side region. .
  • the percussion instrument 40 has an overall layered structure or a configuration including two or more tone plates 50 with different weight increasing and decreasing directions along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 50a. It is easy to control the strength, thickness, etc. to the desired quality.
  • all tone plates 50 of the percussion instrument 40 for example, the material of the outermost layer on the striking surface 50a side is the same.
  • the surface layers of all tone plates 50 may be made of wood so that the outermost layer on the striking surface 50a side is made of the same material.
  • the outermost layer on the side of the striking surface 50a may be made of the same material by forming a laminated layer.
  • all the tone plates 50 are made of the same material for the outermost layer on the striking surface side, so that the quality of all the tone plates 50 can be easily made uniform.
  • the same type of wood is used for the outermost layer from the viewpoint of promoting uniformity in the quality of all tone plates 50.
  • the grain of the wood arranged in the outermost layer on the striking surface side and the type of different material impregnated in the wood may be the same.
  • the types of coatings and paints may be the same.
  • the percussion instrument 40 includes the tone plates of the present disclosure, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom in designing the tone quality, strength, overall thickness of the tone plates, and the like.
  • the tone plates can be configured as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13.
  • FIG. The tone plate 60 shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 has an elongated striking surface 60a.
  • the tone plate 60 is tubular, and its outer peripheral surface constitutes a striking surface 60a.
  • the longitudinal direction of the striking surface 60 a is along the central axis of the tone plate 60 .
  • the tone plate 60 is impregnated with a different material 62 in the thickness direction from the striking surface 60a.
  • the impregnation amount of the dissimilar material 62 varies along the longitudinal direction of the hitting surface 60a.
  • the direction in which the weight of the hitting surface side region increases or decreases is not particularly limited as long as it changes along the longitudinal direction of the hitting surface.
  • the weight of the hitting surface side region may monotonically increase from the center region in the longitudinal direction of the hitting surface toward both sides, and in the configuration of FIG. It may monotonically decrease from the region toward both sides.
  • the thickness of the surface layer in FIG. 1 may be monotonously increased from the central region of the hitting surface in the longitudinal direction toward both sides, and the thickness of the surface layer in FIG. may monotonically decrease from .
  • the tone plate of FIG. 1 may be used for the low frequency range
  • the tone plate of FIG. 7 may be used for the high frequency range.
  • the shape and arrangement of the pores are not particularly limited.
  • the tone plate may vary the impregnation amount of the different material along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface by varying the spacing of the pores in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface. According to this configuration, it is possible to change the density of the dissimilar material while keeping the impregnation depth of the dissimilar material constant.
  • the tone plate can change the impregnation amount of the different material along the longitudinal direction of the striking surface by changing the diameter of the pore instead of or along with the depth of the pore. is.
  • the spacing, depth, diameter, etc. of the pores may be provided such that the content of the dissimilar material monotonically increases from the central region in the longitudinal direction of the striking surface toward both sides in the longitudinal direction, It may be provided so as to monotonically decrease.
  • the tone plate can also include a layer other than the intermediate layer between the surface layer and the base.
  • a fiber-reinforced resin such as carbon fiber reinforced resin (CFRP) can also be used as the material constituting the intermediate layer.
  • CFRP carbon fiber reinforced resin
  • the grain of the wood does not have to be along the longitudinal direction of the hitting surface.
  • the direction of the fibers of the surface layer and the direction of the fibers of the intermediate layer may not be orthogonal in plan view.
  • the fibers of the surface layer and the fibers of the intermediate layer may be arranged in parallel in plan view.
  • the percussion instruments to which the tone plates are applied are not limited to the percussion instruments described above.
  • the tone plates may be used, for example, for castanets, wood blocks, cajons, wooden fish, chimes, and the like.
  • the shape of the striking surface of the tone plate can be designed based on the percussion instrument to be applied.
  • the tone plate according to one aspect of the present invention is suitable for increasing the degree of freedom in design.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
PCT/JP2022/013719 2021-04-02 2022-03-23 音板及び打楽器 Ceased WO2022210212A1 (ja)

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CN202280026890.6A CN117121088A (zh) 2021-04-02 2022-03-23 音板和打击乐器
JP2023511089A JP7626202B2 (ja) 2021-04-02 2022-03-23 音板及び打楽器
US18/474,405 US12536982B2 (en) 2021-04-02 2023-09-26 Sound bar and percussion instrument

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JP2021-063501 2021-04-02

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20240005895A1 (en) * 2021-03-16 2024-01-04 Yamaha Corporation Tone plate and percussion instrument

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53164819U (https=) * 1977-05-31 1978-12-23
JPH08202351A (ja) * 1995-01-20 1996-08-09 Yamaha Corp 音板打楽器用音板
JP2018072656A (ja) * 2016-11-01 2018-05-10 ヤマハ株式会社 木質音板材及び音板打楽器

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4411187A (en) * 1981-11-27 1983-10-25 Roper Daleth F Composite marimba bars
US4805513A (en) * 1986-12-25 1989-02-21 Yamaha Corp. Laminated FRP sound bar for percussive musical instruments
JP2003084759A (ja) * 2001-09-07 2003-03-19 Yamaha Corp 音 板

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53164819U (https=) * 1977-05-31 1978-12-23
JPH08202351A (ja) * 1995-01-20 1996-08-09 Yamaha Corp 音板打楽器用音板
JP2018072656A (ja) * 2016-11-01 2018-05-10 ヤマハ株式会社 木質音板材及び音板打楽器

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20240005895A1 (en) * 2021-03-16 2024-01-04 Yamaha Corporation Tone plate and percussion instrument
US12444392B2 (en) * 2021-03-16 2025-10-14 Yamaha Corporation Tone plate and percussion instrument

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US20240013753A1 (en) 2024-01-11
JP7626202B2 (ja) 2025-02-04

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