WO2022210099A1 - グルコラファニンを高含有するアブラナ科属間雑種植物及びその作出方法 - Google Patents
グルコラファニンを高含有するアブラナ科属間雑種植物及びその作出方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022210099A1 WO2022210099A1 PCT/JP2022/013175 JP2022013175W WO2022210099A1 WO 2022210099 A1 WO2022210099 A1 WO 2022210099A1 JP 2022013175 W JP2022013175 W JP 2022013175W WO 2022210099 A1 WO2022210099 A1 WO 2022210099A1
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- glucoraphanin
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 277
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- GMMLNKINDDUDCF-JRWRFYLSSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (1e)-5-[(r)-methylsulfinyl]-n-sulfooxypentanimidothioate Chemical compound C[S@@](=O)CCCC\C(=N/OS(O)(=O)=O)S[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GMMLNKINDDUDCF-JRWRFYLSSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/20—Brassicaceae, e.g. canola, broccoli or rucola
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/0004—Oxidoreductases (1.)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6888—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms
- C12Q1/6895—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms for plants, fungi or algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/13—Plant traits
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cruciferous intergeneric hybrid plant containing a high amount of glucoraphanin and a method for producing the same.
- Sulforaphane which is a kind of isothiocyanate, is a kind of phytochemicals contained in plants of the Brassicaceae family, particularly in the genus Brassica oleracea (Brassica Oleracea).
- Sulforaphane is a functional ingredient known to have bioactivities such as cancer prevention effects by activating the production of detoxification enzymes in the human body, as well as liver function improvement effects and antioxidant effects (for example, non See U.S. Pat.
- Glucoraphanin is a class of secondary metabolite glucosinolates, also called mustard oil glycosides.
- Glucoraphanin in the cells is exposed outside the cells by chewing or the like, reacts with the enzyme myrosinase endogenous in the plant body, or is degraded by intestinal bacteria to change to sulforaphane.
- Patent Document 1 a wild-type Brassica species and a Brassica oleracea breeding line are crossed, and a hybrid having a higher amount of 4-methylsulfinylbutyl glucosinolate (glucoraphanin) than the original breeding line is selected.
- a method for obtaining glucoraphanin-rich Brassica species is disclosed.
- No. 2005/0000003 discloses a high glucosinolate content Brassica oleracea containing a deletion of the Myb28 allele from Brassica villosa and the ELONG allele from Brassica villosa genetically linked to the Myb allele.
- a plant is disclosed.
- the genus Raphanus of the family Brassicaceae does not normally contain glucoraphanin at available levels.
- Patent Document 3 individuals having a high glucoerucin content and a 4-methylthio-3-butenyl glucosinolate (glucorafasatin) content of 1/5 or less of the glucoerucin content are selected and self-fertilized.
- a method for producing a radish line with a high glucoraphanin content is disclosed.
- Non-Patent Document 2 reports that a high content of glucoraphanin and glucoraphenin was detected in Raphanobrasica, which is a heterogeneous cross between radish of the family Brassicaceae and kale of the genus Brassica.
- Non-Patent Document 3 reports that the glucorafasatin synthase (GRS) gene was identified.
- Patent Document 4 in order to reduce the peculiar odor and yellowing of radish derived from the decomposition products of glucorafasatin, radish individuals having a function-deficient GRS gene are crossed to contain glucorafasatin. A method for obtaining low abundance radish lines is disclosed.
- An object of the present invention is to obtain a cruciferous plant with a high glucoraphanin content.
- the present inventors have made intensive studies, and as a result, an intergeneric hybrid obtained by crossing a plant of the genus Brassica and a plant of the genus Radish having a defective GRS gene containing glucoraphanin The inventors have found that the amount becomes high, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention includes the following.
- a plant which is an intergeneric hybrid plant of a plant of the genus Brassica and a plant of the genus Radish, wherein the ratio of glucoraphanin content to glucoraphenin content is 1.0 or more.
- the plant according to (1) which has a glucoraphanin content of 20 mg/100 g (fresh weight) or more.
- the plant according to (1) or (2) which has a glucoraphenin content of 50 mg/100 g (fresh weight) or less.
- the loss-of-function glucorafasatin synthesis gene is the following gene (a) and/or (b): (a) 2-oxoglutarate-iron (2-oxoglutarate-iron) in the coding protein in the exon constituting the gene encoding the protein consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or the amino acid sequence showing 90% or more sequence identity with the amino acid sequence; II) genes with deletion of all or part of the dependent oxygenase domain; (b) A gene comprising a nucleotide sequence having 70% or more sequence identity with the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2 or 3.
- a method for producing an intergeneric hybrid plant of the family Brassicaceae comprising the step of crossing a first parent plant and a second parent plant; obtaining an intergeneric hybrid plant, wherein the first parent plant and the second parent plant are cruciferous plants and belong to different genera, and the first parent plant is A method comprising 5 mg/100 g (fresh weight) or more of glucoraphanin, and wherein the second parent plant comprises a function-deficient glucoraphasatin synthase gene.
- the loss-of-function glucorafasatin synthase gene is the following gene (a) and/or (b): (a) 2-oxoglutarate-iron (2-oxoglutarate-iron) in the coding protein in the exon constituting the gene encoding the protein consisting of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or the amino acid sequence showing 90% or more sequence identity with the amino acid sequence; II) genes with deletion of all or part of the dependent oxygenase domain; (b) A gene comprising a nucleotide sequence having 70% or more sequence identity with the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2 or 3.
- a method for increasing the glucoraphanin content of a cruciferous plant comprising: a first step of preparing a cruciferous plant containing 5 mg/100 g (fresh weight) or more of glucoraphanin as a first parent plant; A second step of preparing, as a parent plant of 2, a cruciferous plant of a genus different from that of the first parent plant in which the function of glucorafasatin synthase is lacking or reduced, and the first parent plant and the second parent plant.
- a cruciferous plant with a higher glucoraphanin content can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing biosynthetic pathways of glucoraphanin and glucoraphenin in cruciferous plants.
- 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a wild-type GRS1 gene and the insertion positions of retrotransposons in the base sequences shown in SEQ ID NO:2 and SEQ ID NO:3.
- FIG. (A) shows the structure of the wild-type GRS1 gene.
- (B) shows the structure of the base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:2.
- C shows the structure of the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:3.
- 1 is a graph showing the correlation between glucoraphanin content in leaves and seeds of each individual plant in the family Cruciferae.
- the chemical formulas described herein include all geometric isomers and optical isomers.
- content refers to weight concentration (w/w) unless otherwise specified.
- derivative refers to a compound that has been modified to such an extent that the skeletal structure of the compound is not affected.
- a first embodiment of an intergeneric hybrid plant of a plant of the genus Brassica and a plant of the genus Radish of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as a "plant of the present invention") is glucoraphenin.
- the ratio of glucoraphanin content to content is 1.0 or more.
- a second embodiment of the plant of the present invention is characterized by comprising a function-deficient glucorafasatin synthase gene.
- the plant of the present invention may have the features of the first and second embodiments alone or both.
- plant includes any part of leaves, stems, flowers, buds, roots and seeds, unless otherwise specified or inconsistent. and The plant of the present invention has the above characteristics at least in any part of leaves, stems, flowers, buds, roots and seeds.
- glucoraphanin refers to a compound represented by the following formula (I), a derivative or a salt thereof.
- glucoraphenin refers to a compound represented by the following formula (II), a derivative or a salt thereof.
- glucoraphanin and glucoraphenin are biosynthesized by the biosynthetic pathway shown in Fig. 1 in cruciferous plants. That is, glucoerucin is synthesized by about 20 types of enzymatic reactions using methionine as a starting material. Glucoerucin is oxidized to glucoraphanin. In some cruciferous plants, glucoerucin is converted to glucoraphasatin by the glucorafasatin synthase (GRS1) gene, and glucorafasatin is oxidized to synthesize glucorafenin. Glucorafasatin is converted to rafasatin, a pungent component, by the action of the hydrolytic enzyme myrosinase, and then to odor components and yellowing substances.
- GRS1 glucorafasatin synthase
- cruciferous plants are classified into one family of the phylum Angiosperm, Dicotyledonous, Subclass Biwamodoki, and the family of the order Coleoptera. It contains many genera of plants such as Radish and Porcupine.
- Brassica plant is a plant classified into one genus of the Brassicaceae family, including rape, mizuna, taisai, bok choy, komatsuna, turnip, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, broccoli, habotan, mustard, kale. , kohlrabi, cauliflower, etc.
- Brassica plants used as parent plants for the plants of the present invention are preferably plants containing a relatively large amount of glucoraphanin, such as kale, broccoli, cabbage, kohlrabi, and cauliflower.
- the Brassica plant is Brassica Oleracea.
- glucoraphanin preferably contains 5 mg/100 g (fresh weight (FW)) or more, or 10 mg/100 g FW or more of glucoraphanin.
- FW fresh weight
- Such Brassica oleracea containing a high amount of glucoraphanin may be obtained by the method described in Patent Document 1, for example.
- a "plant of the genus Radish” is a plant classified into a genus of the Brassicaceae family, and includes radish, radish and the like.
- the radish plant used as the parent plant of the plant of the present invention is preferably Raphanus sativus.
- Radish plants are characterized by containing glucorafasatin, which is not synthesized in the same cruciferous relatives.
- a gene for glucoraphasatin synthase which converts glucoerucin to glucoraphasatin, has been identified from Japanese radish, and it was revealed that this characteristic gene synthesizes glucorafasatin.
- radish has some mutants with low glucoraphasatin content. It is known that in this mutant, the structure of the glucoraphasatin synthase gene present at the end of the first linkage group of Japanese radish is changed from that of the wild type, and its function is lost. Since the normal glucoraphasatin synthase genotype is dominant, it was named the GRS1 (Glucoraphasatin Synthase 1) gene, and the recessive genotype that lost function was named the grs1 gene. The amino acid sequence encoded by the GRS1 gene has a 2-oxoglutarate-iron(II)-dependent oxygenase domain, an oxygenase ubiquitous in plants.
- GRS1 Glucoraphasatin Synthase 1
- the radish genus plant used in the present invention is preferably a radish genus plant containing a function-deficient glucoraphasatin synthase (grs1) gene.
- Grs1 contained in a plant belonging to the radish genus may be contained as a homozygous form or as a heterozygous form.
- a radish plant containing a function-deficient glucorafasatin synthase (grs1) gene can be selected using, for example, the DNA marker assay technique described in Patent Document 4.
- DNA extracted from a sample plant is used as a template, and a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method using a primer set that specifically amplifies the GRS1 gene and a primer set that specifically amplifies the grs1 gene is used.
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- a radish genus plant containing the grs1 gene may be used by selecting a mutant by the above method from a large number of progeny lines produced by allogamous crossing, but the GRS1 gene of a wild-type radish genus plant may be modified. It is also possible to use those whose functions are lost or reduced. Any known technique can be used as a technique for modifying the GRS1 gene. For example, mutagenesis accompanied by insertion sequence introduction via transposons, retrotransposons, plant viruses, and the like can be mentioned. In addition, mutagenesis treatments such as radiation irradiation treatment, heavy ion beam treatment, and treatment with a solution containing a mutagen can also be mentioned.
- intergeneric hybrid plant refers to a hybrid formed by crossing between organisms classified into different genera, that is, a hybrid progeny. It is distinct from interspecific hybrids, which are hybrids between different organisms within the same genus.
- the plant of the present invention is a hybrid progeny produced by crossing a plant of the genus Brassica and a plant of the genus Radish.
- a first embodiment of the plant of the present invention has a ratio of glucoraphanin content to glucoraphenin content of 1.0 or more.
- the amount of glucoraphanin contained in the plant of the present invention is preferably 20 mg/100 g FW or more, particularly 30 mg/100 g FW or more, 50 mg/100 g FW or more, 100 mg/100 g FW or more, or 150 mg/100 g FW or more. .
- the amount of glucoraphenin contained in the plant of the present invention is 50 mg/100 g FW or less, particularly 20 mg/100 g FW or less, 10 mg/100 g FW or less, 5 mg/100 g FW or less, 3 mg/100 g FW or less, or 2 mg/100 g FW or less. is preferred.
- a second embodiment of the plant of the present invention contains a function-deficient glucorafasatin synthase gene.
- the plant of the present invention is produced by using, as a parent plant, a plant of the radish genus having a homozygous or heterozygous glucorafasatin synthase gene grs1 gene.
- a radish genus plant that possesses the grs1 gene in a heterozygous form half of the intergeneric hybrid plants are of the function-deficient type. can be obtained.
- the DNA marker assay technique described in Patent Document 4 can be used. Specifically, a PCR method using a DNA extracted from a sample plant as a template and a primer set that specifically amplifies the GRS1 gene and a primer set that specifically amplifies the grs1 gene can be used.
- the structure of the grs1 gene is not particularly limited as long as it lacks the function of GRS1, but preferably includes the following base sequences (a) and/or (b).
- the nucleotide sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2 and 3 are examples of the nucleotide sequence of the grs1 gene. Specifically, the base sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2 and 3 both have a structure in which a retrotransposon is inserted into the exon sequence of the GRS1 gene.
- FIG. 2 shows the structure of the wild-type GRS1 gene and the insertion positions of the retrotransposons in the base sequences shown in SEQ ID NO:2 and SEQ ID NO:3.
- FIG. 2(A) shows the structure of the wild-type GRS1 gene.
- the GRS1 gene has 3 exons (1st exon, 2nd exon and 3rd exon) and 2 introns (1st intron and 2nd intron).
- FIG. 2(B) shows the structure of the base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:2. This sequence inserts an approximately 9 kbp retrotransposon into the first exon of the GRS1 gene.
- FIG. 2(C) shows the structure of the base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:3. This sequence inserts a retrotransposon of about 1.2 kbp into the third exon of the GRS1 gene.
- the plant of the present invention can contain a high concentration of glucoraphanin by containing a function-deficient glucoraphasatin synthase gene.
- a function-deficient glucoraphasatin synthase gene in plants of the radish genus (especially Japanese radish) containing a homozygous loss-of-function glucoraphasatin synthase gene, glucoerucin is presumed to accumulate due to inhibition of the conversion of glucoerucin to glucoraphasatin.
- plants of the genus Brassica especially Brassica oleracea
- the intergeneric hybrid plant of the present invention maintains the ability to convert glucoerucin derived from a plant belonging to the genus Brassica to glucoraphanin, while suppressing the conversion of glucoerucin to glucoraphasatin, thereby converting glucoerucin to glucoraphanin. It can be said that the conversion was accelerated and it was possible to contain a high concentration of glucophanin.
- the plant of the present invention may be a diploid, but may be, for example, a triploid or a tetraploid allopolyploid. Fertility can be restored or improved by making it allopolyploid.
- Such allopolyploids may be produced by any known method, for example, by colchicine treatment (for example, Zhang et al., Breeding Research, Vol. 3, pp. 31-41 ( 2001), Ogasawara et al., Sono Gakken, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 189-194 (2012)).
- the plant of the present invention can be used as a food or feed material.
- As food in addition to being used as ordinary vegetables, for example, liquids (beverages), powders, granules, etc. can be used. Alternatively, it can be used as a material for extracting and purifying glucoraphanin. Purified glucoraphanin can be used, for example, in nutritional supplements (supplements), pharmaceuticals, and the like.
- a method for producing an intergeneric hybrid plant of the family Brassicaceae comprises a first parent plant and a second parent plant. and obtaining an intergeneric hybrid plant of the first parent plant and the second parent plant, wherein the first parent plant and the second parent plant are , a cruciferous plant and a different genus, wherein the first parent plant contains 5 mg/100 g FW or more of glucoraphanin, and the second parent plant contains a function-deficient glucorafasatin synthase gene characterized by comprising
- the "first parent plant” is a plant of the Brassicaceae family, which contains 5 mg/100 gFW or more, preferably 10 mg/100 gFW or more of glucoraphanin and is classified into a genus different from that of the second parent plant. be.
- it is not particularly limited as long as it is a cruciferous plant classified into a different genus from the second parent plant, it is preferably a cruciferous plant, especially kale, broccoli, cabbage, kohlrabi, cauliflower, etc.
- a plant containing rafanine is preferred.
- Preferred is Brassica oleracea.
- Such Brassica oleracea containing a high amount of glucoraphanin may be obtained by the method described in Patent Document 1, for example.
- the "second parent plant” is a cruciferous plant classified into a genus different from that of the first parent plant, which contains a function-deficient glucorafasatin synthase gene.
- the plant is not particularly limited as long as it is a cruciferous plant classified into a genus different from that of the first parent plant, but a radish plant is preferable.
- it is Rafanus sativus.
- the loss-of-function glucoraphasatin synthase (grs1) gene may be contained as a homozygous type or as a heterozygous type.
- the method described in Patent Document 4 can be used. Specifically, a PCR method using a DNA extracted from a sample plant as a template and a primer set that specifically amplifies the GRS1 gene and a primer set that specifically amplifies the grs1 gene can be used.
- the second parent plant containing the grs1 gene may be used by selecting a mutant from a large number of progeny lines produced by allogamous crossing by the above method, but modifying the wild-type GRS1 gene and using it. Those with missing or reduced functions may be used. Any known technique can be used as a technique for modifying the GRS1 gene. For example, mutagenesis accompanied by insertion sequence introduction via transposons, retrotransposons, plant viruses, and the like can be mentioned. In addition, mutagenesis treatments such as radiation irradiation treatment, heavy ion beam treatment, and treatment with a solution containing a mutagen can also be mentioned.
- the structure of the grs1 gene contained in the second parent plant is not particularly limited as long as it has a structure in which the function of GRS1 is deleted. is preferred.
- the grs1 gene is 91% or more, 92% or more, 93% or more, 94% or more, 95% or more, 96% or more, 97% or more, 98% or more, 99% or more of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or the amino acid sequence.
- the production method of the present invention preferably includes a step of selecting a function-deficient plant.
- a method for selecting a function-deficient plant for example, the method described in Patent Document 4 can be used. Specifically, a PCR method using a DNA extracted from a sample plant as a template and a primer set that specifically amplifies the GRS1 gene and a primer set that specifically amplifies the grs1 gene can be used.
- the first parent plant and the second parent plant are classified into different genera, and an intergeneric hybrid plant is obtained by crossing.
- crossbreeding is not particularly limited, and crossbreeding techniques commonly used in breeding and the like can be used.
- plants obtained by crossing may be further subjected to self-breeding over several generations, backcrossing over several generations, or repeating self-breeding and backcrossing as appropriate.
- the production method of the present invention may be a method for producing a diploid, but may be a method for producing a triploid or tetraploid allopolyploid.
- a method for producing a cruciferous plant The method for producing a cruciferous plant of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as "the production method of the present invention") is described in the section "1. Intergeneric hybrid plant of a plant of the genus Brassica and a plant of the genus Radish.” 1., including the step of cultivating the plant of the present invention. According to the production method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a plant with a high content of glucoraphanin.
- a plant produced by the production method of the present invention is an intergeneric hybrid plant between a plant of the genus Brassica and a plant of the genus Radish.
- the plants produced by the production method of the present invention are edible plants or feed plants, more preferably edible vegetables.
- the plant produced by the production method of the present invention is a hybrid of Brassica oleracea and Rafanus sativus, ie Rafanobrassica.
- a plant capable of ingesting a large amount of Rafanobrasica by humans or animals for example, mammals such as dogs, cats, cows, horses, pigs, sheep, monkeys, and ferrets, and birds such as chickens
- mammals such as dogs, cats, cows, horses, pigs, sheep, monkeys, and ferrets, and birds such as chickens
- the plant cultivated by the production method of the present invention may be an intergeneric hybrid plant of the F1 generation obtained by crossing a plant of the genus Brassica and a plant of the genus Radish, or obtained by selfing the F1 generation. It may be an F2 generation, or an intergeneric hybrid plant obtained by repeated selfing after the F2 generation. Alternatively, it may be an intergeneric hybrid plant obtained by backcrossing after the F2 generation.
- the food of the present invention is characterized by using the plant of the present invention described in the section "1. Intergeneric hybrid plant of Brassica plant and Radish plant” as a raw material.
- the term "food” refers to a substance or composition in a form suitable for human consumption.
- the food of the present invention may be a plant itself as a vegetable, or may be a dish using vegetables. Alternatively, for example, a liquid (beverage), powder, granules, or the like obtained by processing the plant may be used. Alternatively, it may be a beverage containing glucoraphanin extracted and purified from the plant, or a nutritional supplement (supplement) such as powder, granules, tablets, capsules, or the like.
- a method for increasing the glucoraphanin content of a cruciferous plant of the present invention comprises: In the first step of preparing a cruciferous plant containing 5 mg/100 gFW or more of glucoraphanin, the second parent plant is a genus different from the first parent plant in which the function of glucorafasatin synthase is lost or reduced. A second step of preparing a cruciferous plant, and a third step of crossing the first parent plant and the second parent plant.
- the first step is to prepare a cruciferous plant containing 5 mg/100 gFW or more, preferably 10 mg/100 FW or more, of glucoraphanin as a first parent plant.
- the "first parent plant” is not particularly limited as long as it is a cruciferous plant classified into a different genus from the second parent plant, but is preferably a plant of the genus Brassica, particularly kale, broccoli, Plants containing a relatively large amount of glucoraphanin, such as cabbage, kohlrabi, and cauliflower, are preferred.
- Preferred is Brassica oleracea.
- a method for producing a plant containing 5 mg/100 g FW or more of glucoraphanin is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, the method described in Patent Document 1. Alternatively, for example, the following method can be taken.
- For Brassica plants many progeny lines are produced by allogamous crossing. Among the obtained progeny lines, one strain or multiple strains containing a high concentration of glucoraphanin are selected, and self-breeding or outbreeding is performed. A line of high content Brassica plants is obtained.
- the second step is to prepare, as a second parent plant, a cruciferous plant of a genus different from that of the first parent plant, in which the function of glucorafasatin synthase is deficient or reduced.
- the "second parent plant” is not particularly limited as long as it is a plant of the Brassicaceae family classified into a genus different from that of the first parent plant, but is preferably a plant of the genus Radish. Preferably, it is Rafanus sativus.
- the second parent plant is a plant in which the function of glucorafasatin synthase (GRS1) is deficient or reduced. More specifically, it is a plant containing a function-deficient glucorafasatin synthase (grs1) gene.
- the grs1 gene may be contained as a homozygous form or as a heterozygous form.
- the method described in Patent Document 4 can be used. Specifically, a PCR method using a DNA extracted from a sample plant as a template and a primer set that specifically amplifies the GRS1 gene and a primer set that specifically amplifies the grs1 gene can be used.
- the second parent plant containing the grs1 gene may be used by selecting a mutant from a large number of progeny lines produced by allogamous crossing by the above method, but modifying the wild-type GRS1 gene and using it. Those with missing or reduced functions may be used. Any known technique can be used as a technique for modifying the GRS1 gene. For example, mutagenesis accompanied by insertion sequence introduction via transposons, retrotransposons, plant viruses, and the like can be mentioned. In addition, mutagenesis treatments such as radiation irradiation treatment, heavy ion beam treatment, and treatment with a solution containing a mutagen can also be mentioned.
- the third step of the method for increasing the content of the present invention is the step of crossing the first parent plant and the second parent plant.
- Crossbreeding is not particularly limited, and crossbreeding techniques commonly used in breeding and the like can be used.
- plants obtained by crossing may be further subjected to self-breeding over several generations, backcrossing over several generations, or repeating self-breeding and backcrossing as appropriate.
- the method for increasing the content of the present invention can increase the content of glucoraphanin from cruciferous plants by including the above steps.
- the cruciferous plant obtained through the high content method of the present invention preferably contains 20 mg/100 g FW or more, 30 mg/100 g FW or more, 50 mg/100 g FW or more, 100 mg/100 g FW or more, or 150 mg/100 g FW or more of glucoraphanin. contains.
- Example 1 Production of an intergeneric hybrid plant (Rafano brassica) An intergeneric hybrid plant between a radish plant and a cruciferous plant was produced by the following procedure. As a cruciferous plant, a kale line "KK-45" containing glucoraphanin was used. As a plant belonging to the radish genus, a commercially available radish variety "Nishimachi ideal" was used. In Nishimachi ideal, it is known that individuals having a heterozygous GRS1 gene of functional type and non-functional type coexist within the cultivar (see Patent Document 4).
- Nishimachi's ideal DNA marker test was carried out in advance, hetero-bearing individuals (hereinafter also referred to as "AKO") were selected at the seedling stage, and 4 strains (AKO103, AKO108, AKO110 and AKO118) were used as seed parents for crossbreeding. .
- the cultivars, lines and intergeneric hybrids produced are shown in Table 1.
- Nishimachi's ideal DNA marker test and DNA marker test of each hybrid progeny were carried out according to the following procedure.
- DNA was extracted from leaves of Nishimachi ideal, and a PCR reaction was performed using a primer set consisting of three primers shown in Table 2.
- a "deficient" gene was determined to be present when a 392 bp DNA amplification was observed, and a "functional” gene was determined to be present when a 222 bp DNA amplification was observed.
- Example 2 Measurement of various glucosinolate contents in leaves Samples used for analysis of glucosinolate contents were prepared by the following procedure. Three true leaves with a leaf length of 20 cm were collected from the field. A 10 cm tip of the leaf blade was taken from each leaf and the vein running down the middle of the leaf was removed. It was freeze-dried (freeze dryer manufactured by LABCONCO) for 4 to 5 days, and the dried sample was crushed (multi-bead shocker manufactured by Yasui Kikai Co., Ltd.). 0.1 g of dry powder was precisely weighed, 5 mL of 80% methanol was added, and the mixture was shaken and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes.
- the supernatant after centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes was used as the glucosinolate extract.
- the glucosinolate extract was adsorbed onto a DEAE Sepharose column and desulfurized with acid sulfatase (25°C for 18 hours).
- the desulfurized glucosinolate was eluted with deionized water to obtain a desulfo-glucosinolate solution.
- the desulfo-glucosinolate solution was subjected to HPLC under the following conditions, and a chromatogram was obtained at a UV detection wavelength of 229 nm.
- the average glucoraphanin content of the population carrying the loss-of-function type was higher than that of the population carrying the functional type.
- the ratio of deficient/functional glucoraphanin content ranged from 1.97-2.56 fold.
- Deficient individuals contained no or very little glucoraphenin and glucorafasatin.
- Example 3 Measurement of glucosinolate content in roots, buds and stems Roots, buds and stems samples for analysis of glucosinolate content were prepared by the following procedure. From the field, 10 individual strains of each species were dug up from the roots and washed with water. Roots were cut into 0.5-1 cm thick slices across a position approximately 5 cm below the stem-hypocotyl junction. As for the buds, apical flower buds were collected from 10 individual strains of each type that were bolted. Stems about 10 cm below the boundary with the buds were collected from each of the 10 individual strains that were bolted. Each sample was lyophilized for 4-5 days and the dried sample was crushed. Thereafter, extraction, desulfurization and HPLC measurement were performed in the same procedure as in Example 2. Table 4 shows the measurement results of each glucosinolate in various samples.
- Example 4 Correlation of glucoraphanin content in seeds and leaves of cruciferous vegetables
- Samples of seeds and leaves of cruciferous vegetables used for analysis of glucoraphanin content were prepared by the following procedure.
- cruciferous vegetables KK-45 and commercially available kale varieties, a total of 68 strains, were used. From the house, three true leaves with a leaf length of 20 cm were collected for each strain of each strain. A 10 cm tip of the leaf blade was taken from each leaf and the vein running down the middle of the leaf was removed. Seeds were collected from the same strain from which the leaves were collected, and 0.5 g of seeds were used per strain. Each sample was lyophilized for 4-5 days and the dried sample was crushed.
- FIG. 3 shows the correlation of HPLC peak areas (contents) of glucoraphanin in samples derived from leaves and seeds of each individual.
- the present invention is an invention that can be used in agriculture, the food manufacturing industry, the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, and the like. All publications, patents and patent applications cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
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Abstract
Description
(1)アブラナ属植物及びダイコン属植物の属間雑種植物であって、グルコラフェニン含有量に対するグルコラファニン含有量の比が1.0以上である、植物。
(2)グルコラファニン含有量が20mg/100g(新鮮重量)以上である、(1)に記載の植物。
(3)グルコラフェニン含有量が、50mg/100g(新鮮重量)以下である、(1)又は(2)に記載の植物。
(4)アブラナ属植物及びダイコン属植物の属間雑種植物であって、機能欠損型グルコラファサチン合成酵素遺伝子を含む植物。
(5)機能欠損型グルコラファサチン合成遺伝子が、下記(a)及び/又は(b)の遺伝子である、(4)に記載の植物:
(a)配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列又は当該アミノ酸配列と90%以上の配列同一性を示すアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードする遺伝子を構成するエクソン内に、コードタンパク質における2オキソグルタル酸-鉄(II)依存性オキシゲナーゼドメインの全部又は一部の欠失を伴う、遺伝子;
(b)配列番号2若しくは3に記載の塩基配列と70%以上の配列同一性を有する塩基配列を含む遺伝子。
(6)前記アブラナ属植物がブラシカ・オレラセアである、(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載の植物。
(7)前記ダイコン属植物がラファナス・サティバスである、(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載の植物。
(8)倍数化された染色体を有する、(1)~(7)のいずれかに記載の植物。
(9)アブラナ科の属間雑種植物を作出する方法であって、第1の親植物と第2の親植物とを交雑する工程と、前記第1の親植物と前記第2の親植物の属間雑種植物を取得する工程と、を含み、前記第1の親植物と前記第2の親植物とは、アブラナ科植物であり、かつ、異なる属であり、前記第1の親植物は、グルコラファニンを5mg/100g(新鮮重量)以上含み、前記第2の親植物は、機能欠損型グルコラファサチン合成酵素遺伝子を含む、方法。
(10)機能欠損型グルコラファサチン合成酵素遺伝子が、下記(a)及び/又は(b)の遺伝子である、(9)に記載の方法:
(a)配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列又は当該アミノ酸配列と90%以上の配列同一性を示すアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードする遺伝子を構成するエクソン内に、コードタンパク質における2オキソグルタル酸-鉄(II)依存性オキシゲナーゼドメインの全部又は一部の欠失を伴う、遺伝子;
(b)配列番号2若しくは3に記載の塩基配列と70%以上の配列同一性を有する塩基配列を含む遺伝子。
(11)前記属間雑種植物のうち、機能欠損型グルコラファサチン合成酵素遺伝子を含む属間雑種植物を選別する工程、をさらに含む、(9)又は(10)に記載の方法。
(12)前記第1の親植物がアブラナ属植物であり、前記第2の親植物がダイコン属植物である、(9)~(11)のいずれかに記載の方法。
(13)前記アブラナ属植物がブラシカ・オレラセアである、(9)~(12)のいずれかに記載の方法。
(14)前記ダイコン属植物がラファナス・サティバスである、(9)~(13)のいずれかに記載の方法。
(15)前記属間雑種植物が、倍数化された染色体を含む、(9)~(14)のいずれかに記載の方法。
(16)(1)~(7)のいずれかに記載の植物を栽培する工程、を含む、アブラナ科植物を生産する方法。
(17)(1)~(7)のいずれかに記載の植物を原材料とする、食品。
(18)アブラナ科植物のグルコラファニンを高含有させる方法であって、第1の親植物としてグルコラファニンを5mg/100g(新鮮重量)以上含有するアブラナ科植物を準備する第1工程、第2の親植物として、グルコラファサチン合成酵素の機能が欠損又は低下した、第1の親植物とは異なる属のアブラナ科植物を準備する第2工程、及び前記第1の親植物と前記第2の親植物とを交雑する第3工程、を含む、方法。
(19)前記第2工程が、グルコラファサチン合成酵素遺伝子を改変して、グルコラファサチン合成酵素の機能を欠損又は低下させることを含む、(18)に記載の方法。
本明細書は本願の優先権の基礎となる日本国特許出願番号2021-063196号の開示内容を包含する。
本発明のアブラナ属植物及びダイコン属植物の属間雑種植物(以下、「本発明の植物」とも称する)の第1の実施形態は、グルコラフェニン含有量に対するグルコラファニン含有量の比が1.0以上である、ことを特徴とする。本発明の植物の第2の実施形態は、機能欠損型グルコラファサチン合成酵素遺伝子を含む、ことを特徴とする。本発明の植物は、第1及び第2の実施形態の特徴を単独で備えていてもよく、両方備えていてもよい。
(a)配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列又は当該アミノ酸配列と90%以上の配列同一性を示すアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードする遺伝子を構成するエクソン内に、コードタンパク質における2オキソグルタル酸-鉄(II)依存性オキシゲナーゼドメインの全部又は一部の欠失を伴う塩基配列;
(b)配列番号2若しくは3に記載の塩基配列と70%以上の配列同一性を有する塩基配列。
本発明のアブラナ科の属間雑種植物を作出する方法(以下、「本発明の作出方法」とも称する)は、第1の親植物と第2の親植物とを交雑する工程と、前記第1の親植物と前記第2の親植物の属間雑種植物を取得する工程と、を含み、前記第1の親植物と前記第2の親植物とは、アブラナ科植物であり、かつ、異なる属であり、前記第1の親植物は、グルコラファニンを5mg/100gFW以上含み、前記第2の親植物は、機能欠損型グルコラファサチン合成酵素遺伝子を含む、ことを特徴とする。
(a)配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列又は当該アミノ酸配列と90%以上の配列同一性を示すアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードする遺伝子を構成するエクソン内に、コードタンパク質における2オキソグルタル酸-鉄(II)依存性オキシゲナーゼドメインの全部又は一部の欠失を伴う塩基配列;
(b)配列番号2若しくは3に記載の塩基配列と70%以上の配列同一性を有する塩基配列。
本発明のアブラナ科植物を生産する方法(以下、「本発明の生産方法」とも称する)は、「1.アブラナ属植物及びダイコン属植物の属間雑種植物」の項に記載した、本発明の植物を栽培する工程を含む、ことを特徴とする。本発明の生産方法によれば、グルコラファニンを高含有する植物を取得することが可能である。
本発明の食品は、「1.アブラナ属植物及びダイコン属植物の属間雑種植物」の項に記載した、本発明の植物を原材料とする、ことを特徴とする。本明細書において「食品」とは、ヒトに摂取させるのに適した形態の物質又は組成物を指す。本発明の食品は、野菜としての植物そのものであってもよく、野菜を使用した料理であってもよい。また、例えば、前記植物を加工した液体(飲料)、粉末、顆粒等であってもよい。あるいは、前記植物から抽出・精製されたグルコラファニンを含む飲料、粉末、顆粒、錠剤、カプセル剤等の栄養補助食品(サプリメント)等であってもよい。
本発明のアブラナ科植物のグルコラファニンを高含有させる方法(以下、「本発明の高含有化方法」とも称する)は、第1の親植物としてグルコラファニンを5mg/100gFW以上含有するアブラナ科植物を準備する第1工程、第2の親植物として、グルコラファサチン合成酵素の機能が欠損又は低下した、第1の親植物とは異なる属のアブラナ科植物を準備する第2工程、及び前記第1の親植物と前記第2の親植物とを交雑する第3工程、を含む、ことを特徴とする。
以下の手順でダイコン属植物とアブラナ科植物との属間雑種植物を作出した。アブラナ科植物として、グルコラファニンを含有するケール系統「KK-45」を使用した。ダイコン属植物として、市販のダイコン品種「西町理想」を使用した。西町理想は、GRS1遺伝子を機能型、機能欠損型でヘテロ保有する個体が品種内に混在することが知られる(特許文献4参照)。予め西町理想のDNAマーカー検定を行い、ヘテロ保有する個体(以降、「AKO」とも称する)を苗段階で選抜し、4株(AKO103、AKO108、AKO110及びAKO118)を種子親として交雑に供試した。使用した各品種、系統及び作出した属間雑種は、表1に示す通りである。
グルコシノレート含有量の分析に用いるサンプルは、以下の手順で調製した。圃場より葉長20cmの本葉を1株につき3枚採取した。各葉から葉身の先端10cmを採取し、葉の中央を走る葉脈を取り除いた。4~5日間凍結乾燥(LABCONCO社製 凍結乾燥機)させ、乾燥サンプルを破砕した(安井機械社製 マルチビーズショッカー)。0.1gの乾燥粉末を精秤し、80%メタノールを5mL添加し、室温で30分間振とう攪拌した。3000rpmで10分遠心分離した上清をグルコシノレート抽出物とした。DEAEセファロースカラムにグルコシノレート抽出物を吸着させ、酸性スルファターゼにより脱硫化した(25℃ 18時間)。脱硫化したグルコシノレートをイオン交換水で溶出しデスルホ-グルコシノレート溶液とした。デスルホ-グルコシノレート溶液を下記の条件でHPLCに供し、UV検出波長229nmでクロマトグラムを得た。
・使用機器:LC-20A, Shimadzu Corp., Japan
・カラムの種類:COSMOSIL 5C18-II, 150 x 4.6 mm, Nacalai-Tesque Inc., Japan
・移動相溶媒組成:20%アセトニトリル
・サンプル注入量:20μl
・流速:1.5 mL/min
・カラム温度:30℃
予め濃度既知の各グルコシノレート標品を同条件でHPLCに供した結果に基づいて、サンプルにおける各グルコシノレート(グルコラファニン、グルコラフェニン、グルコエルシン、グルコラファサチン)の含有量を算出した。交雑組合せごとの各グルコシノレートの測定結果を表3に示す。
以下の手順で、グルコシノレート含有量の分析に用いる、根、蕾及び茎のサンプルを調製した。圃場より各種10株の個体を根から掘り上げ、水洗いした。根は、茎と胚軸の境から約5cmの下の位置を横断して厚さ0.5-1cmの切片とした。蕾は、抽だいした各種10株の個体から、頂花蕾を採取した。茎は、抽だいした各種10株の個体から、蕾との境目から下の約10cmを採取した。各サンプルを4~5日間凍結乾燥させ、乾燥サンプルを破砕した。以降、実施例2と同様の手順で抽出、脱硫及びHPLC測定を行った。各種サンプルにおける各グルコシノレートの測定結果を表4に示す。
以下の手順で、グルコラファニン含有量の分析に用いる、アブラナ科野菜の種子及び葉のサンプルを調製した。アブラナ科野菜としては、KK-45及び市販のケール品種、計68系統を用いた。ハウスより、各系統1株の個体について、葉長20cmの本葉を3枚採取した。各葉から葉身の先端10cmを採取し、葉の中央を走る葉脈を取り除いた。種子は、葉を採取した同株から採取し、1株あたり0.5gの種を使用した。各サンプルを4~5日間凍結乾燥させ、乾燥サンプルを破砕した。以降、実施例2と同様の手順で抽出、脱硫及びHPLC測定を行った。HPLCの測定条件は以下の通りとした。
・使用機器:LC-20A, Shimadzu Corp., Japan
・カラムの種類:COSMOSIL 5C18-II, 150 x 4.6 mm, Nacalai-Tesque Inc., Japan
・移動相溶媒組成:20%アセトニトリル
・サンプル注入量:20μl
・流速:1.5 mL/min
・カラム温度:30℃
各個体の葉と種子に由来するサンプルのグルコラファニンのHPLCピーク面積(含有量)の相関を図3に示す。
本明細書で引用した全ての刊行物、特許及び特許出願はそのまま引用により本明細書に組み入れられるものとする。
Claims (19)
- アブラナ属植物及びダイコン属植物の属間雑種植物であって、グルコラフェニン含有量に対するグルコラファニン含有量の比が1.0以上である、植物。
- グルコラファニン含有量が20mg/100g(新鮮重量)以上である、請求項1に記載の植物。
- グルコラフェニン含有量が、50mg/100g(新鮮重量)以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の植物。
- アブラナ属植物及びダイコン属植物の属間雑種植物であって、機能欠損型グルコラファサチン合成酵素遺伝子を含む植物。
- 機能欠損型グルコラファサチン合成遺伝子が、下記(a)及び/又は(b)の遺伝子である、請求項4に記載の植物:
(a)配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列又は当該アミノ酸配列と90%以上の配列同一性を示すアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードする遺伝子を構成するエクソン内に、コードタンパク質における2オキソグルタル酸-鉄(II)依存性オキシゲナーゼドメインの全部又は一部の欠失を伴う、遺伝子;
(b)配列番号2若しくは3に記載の塩基配列と70%以上の配列同一性を有する塩基配列を含む遺伝子。 - 前記アブラナ属植物がブラシカ・オレラセアである、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の植物。
- 前記ダイコン属植物がラファナス・サティバスである、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の植物。
- 倍数化された染色体を有する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の植物。
- アブラナ科の属間雑種植物を作出する方法であって、
第1の親植物と第2の親植物とを交雑する工程と、
前記第1の親植物と前記第2の親植物の属間雑種植物を取得する工程と、を含み
前記第1の親植物と前記第2の親植物とは、アブラナ科植物であり、かつ、異なる属であり、
前記第1の親植物は、グルコラファニンを5mg/100g(新鮮重量)以上含み、
前記第2の親植物は、機能欠損型グルコラファサチン合成酵素遺伝子を含む、方法。 - 機能欠損型グルコラファサチン合成酵素遺伝子が、下記(a)及び/又は(b)の遺伝子である、請求項9に記載の方法:
(a)配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列又は当該アミノ酸配列と90%以上の配列同一性を示すアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードする遺伝子を構成するエクソン内に、コードタンパク質における2オキソグルタル酸-鉄(II)依存性オキシゲナーゼドメインの全部又は一部の欠失を伴う、遺伝子;
(b)配列番号2若しくは3に記載の塩基配列と70%以上の配列同一性を有する塩基配列を含む遺伝子。 - 前記属間雑種植物のうち、機能欠損型グルコラファサチン合成酵素遺伝子を含む属間雑種植物を選別する工程、をさらに含む、請求項9又は10に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の親植物がアブラナ属植物であり、前記第2の親植物がダイコン属植物である、請求項9~11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記アブラナ属植物がブラシカ・オレラセアである、請求項9~12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ダイコン属植物がラファナス・サティバスである、請求項9~13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記属間雑種植物が、倍数化された染色体を含む、請求項9~14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の植物を栽培する工程、を含む、アブラナ科植物を生産する方法。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の植物を原材料とする、食品。
- アブラナ科植物のグルコラファニンを高含有させる方法であって、
第1の親植物としてグルコラファニンを5mg/100g(新鮮重量)以上含有するアブラナ科植物を準備する第1工程、
第2の親植物として、グルコラファサチン合成酵素の機能が欠損又は低下した、第1の親植物とは異なる属のアブラナ科植物を準備する第2工程、及び
前記第1の親植物と前記第2の親植物とを交雑する第3工程、を含む、方法。 - 前記第2工程が、グルコラファサチン合成酵素遺伝子を改変して、グルコラファサチン合成酵素の機能を欠損又は低下させることを含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
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