WO2022209257A1 - 通信装置、通信方法、及び通信システム - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/22—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using redundant apparatus to increase reliability
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to communication devices, communication methods, and communication systems.
- URLLC Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication
- 5G the next-generation communication standard
- URLLC Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication
- packet duplication a technique called packet duplication that achieves high reliability by using multiple independent channels.
- the present disclosure proposes a communication device, a communication method, and a communication system that can achieve high communication performance.
- a communication device that performs wireless communication using a plurality of channels, and transmits encoding processing based on a predetermined error correction encoding method.
- a generation unit that generates a plurality of bit sequences with different contents by applying the method to a data sequence, and a distribution unit that distributes the plurality of bit sequences to the plurality of channels.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining PDCP duplication;
- FIG. FIG. 3 illustrates an example network coding application in the IAB domain;
- 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the management apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this indication.
- 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a relay station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an overview of signal processing of a communication device on the transmission side;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an outline of signal processing of a communication device on the receiving side;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a first encoding process;
- FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of a 1st encoding process. It is a figure for demonstrating a 2nd encoding process.
- FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram showing an example procedure for encoding; It is a figure which shows the whole image of the signal processing of this embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a specific example of the overall image of the signal processing shown in FIG. 14; It is a figure which shows the sequence example (basic form) of the communication process of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the sequence example (modification 1) of the communication process of this embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a sequence example (modification 3) of communication processing according to the present embodiment; It is a figure which shows the outline of the constructed simulation. It is a figure which shows the specification of this simulation. It is a figure which shows a simulation result. It is a figure which shows a simulation result.
- a plurality of components having substantially the same functional configuration may be distinguished by attaching different numerals after the same reference numerals.
- a plurality of configurations having substantially the same functional configurations are distinguished like terminal devices 40 1 , 40 2 and 40 3 as necessary.
- the terminal devices 40 1 , 40 2 and 40 3 are simply referred to as the terminal device 40 when there is no particular need to distinguish them.
- Radio access technologies such as LTE (Long Term Evolution) and NR (New Radio) are under consideration in 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project).
- LTE and NR are types of cellular communication technology, and enable mobile communication of terminal devices by arranging a plurality of areas covered by base stations in a cell. At this time, a single base station may manage multiple cells.
- LTE includes LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), LTE-A Pro (LTE-Advanced Pro), and E-UTRA (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access).
- NR includes NRAT (New Radio Access Technology) and FE-UTRA (Further E-UTRA).
- LTE cell a cell supporting LTE is called an LTE cell
- NR cell a cell supporting NR is called an NR cell.
- NR is the radio access technology (RAT) of the next generation (5th generation) of LTE.
- RAT radio access technology
- NR is a radio access technology that can support various use cases including eMBB (Enhanced Mobile Broadband), mMTC (Massive Machine Type Communications), and URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications).
- eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband
- mMTC Massive Machine Type Communications
- URLLC Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications
- Non-Patent Document 1 Packet Data Convergence Protocol Duplication
- Non-Patent Document 2 3GPP RP-193077
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining PDCP duplication.
- PDCP duplication is a technique defined in the PDCP layer and aimed at improving communication reliability.
- PDCP duplication is a type of packet duplication.
- a communication device duplicates a data unit in order to transmit the same data unit on multiple independent channels.
- a communication device transmits replicated data units using multiple independent channels.
- multiple independent communication paths channels
- These techniques have two main purposes. One is to expand the communication capacity by using a plurality of independent communication paths and realize large-capacity communication. Another is to use multiple communication channels to acquire spatial diversity and improve communication reliability.
- PDCP duplication is used in communications using multiple independent channels for the purpose of improving reliability.
- the drawback of PDCP duplication is spectrum efficiency.
- PDCP duplication if one of the same data sent from independent channels is received correctly, the data sent from the remaining channels are all discarded regardless of successful communication.
- the coding rate below the PDCP layer is constant for each channel and the channel capacity is also constant.
- the frequency utilization efficiency is compared between when PDCP duplication is used and when PDCP duplication is not used. Then, it can be seen that when PDCP duplication is used, N times more frequency resources are used than when PDCP duplication is not used. where N is the number of independent channels used for communication.
- the reception process performed by PDCP duplication has a poor decoding gain compared to a method of adding likelihoods such as HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) or an encoding technique that corrects errors using parity.
- HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest
- the spectral efficiency is remarkably low. In other words, when PDCP duplication is used, the reliability of communication is improved, but the frequency utilization efficiency is significantly reduced. Therefore, even if PDCP duplication is used, it cannot necessarily be said that high communication performance is achieved.
- Non-Patent Document 2 describes application of network coding in IAB (Integrated access and backhaul).
- Network coding here refers to, for example, encoding a packet with a predetermined erasure code.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an example network coding application in the IAB domain.
- a route for transmitting data to an IAB donor is composed of multiple IAB nodes.
- the IAB node 1 that received the coded data distributes the data to a plurality of routes and transmits the data.
- Distributed data are aggregated to a single IAB donor. Data transmission is then started between the base station (IAB donor) and the terminal (UE).
- Non-Patent Document 2 communication between the IAB donor and the UE is communication using a single channel.
- Patent document 2 assumes coding in the IAB area.
- Non-Patent Document 2 does not describe any specific distribution method or lower layer processing. Therefore, even if the technology described in Non-Patent Document 2 is used, it cannot necessarily be said that high communication performance is achieved.
- a communication device for example, a base station and a terminal device of this embodiment performs wireless communication using a plurality of channels.
- a communication device generates a plurality of bit sequences with different contents by applying a predetermined encoding process based on a predetermined error correction coding scheme to a transmission data sequence. Then, the communication device distributes and transmits a plurality of bit sequences to a plurality of channels.
- the communication apparatus of this embodiment can achieve high frequency utilization efficiency while maintaining communication reliability.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the communication system 1 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a communication system 1 includes a management device 10 , a base station 20 , a relay station 30 and a terminal device 40 .
- the communication system 1 provides users with a wireless network capable of mobile communication by operating in cooperation with each wireless communication device that configures the communication system 1 .
- the radio network of this embodiment is composed of, for example, a radio access network and a core network.
- the wireless communication device is a device having a wireless communication function, and corresponds to the base station 20, the relay station 30, and the terminal device 40 in the example of FIG.
- the communication system 1 may include multiple management devices 10 , base stations 20 , relay stations 30 , and terminal devices 40 .
- the communication system 1 includes management devices 10 1 and 10 2 as the management device 10 and base stations 20 1 and 20 2 as the base stations 20 .
- the communication system 1 also includes relay stations 30 1 and 30 2 as relay stations 30 and terminal devices 40 1 , 40 2 and 40 3 as terminal devices 40 .
- the device in the figure can be considered as a device in a logical sense.
- part of the devices in the figure may be realized by virtual machines (VMs), containers, Dockers, etc., and they may be physically implemented on the same hardware.
- VMs virtual machines
- containers containers
- Dockers etc.
- the communication system 1 may be compatible with radio access technologies (RAT: Radio Access Technology) such as LTE (Long Term Evolution) and NR (New Radio).
- RAT Radio Access Technology
- LTE and NR are types of cellular communication technology, and enable mobile communication of terminal devices by arranging a plurality of areas covered by base stations in a cell.
- the radio access method used by the communication system 1 is not limited to LTE and NR, and may be other radio access methods such as W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), cdma2000 (Code Division Multiple Access 2000), etc. good too.
- W-CDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
- cdma2000 Code Division Multiple Access 2000
- the base station or relay station that configures the communication system 1 may be a ground station or a non-ground station.
- a non-ground station may be a satellite station or an aircraft station. If the non-earth stations are satellite stations, the communication system 1 may be a Bent-pipe (Transparent) type mobile satellite communication system.
- a ground station also referred to as a ground base station refers to a base station (including a relay station) installed on the ground.
- base station including a relay station
- the term “terrestrial” is used in a broad sense to include not only land, but also underground, above water, and underwater. In the following description, the description of "earth station” may be replaced with “gateway”.
- the LTE base station is sometimes referred to as eNodeB (Evolved Node B) or eNB.
- the NR base stations are sometimes referred to as gNodeBs or gNBs.
- a terminal device also called a mobile station or a terminal
- UE User Equipment
- a terminal device is a type of communication device, and is also called a mobile station or a terminal.
- the concept of a communication device includes not only portable mobile devices (terminal devices) such as mobile terminals, but also devices installed in structures and mobile bodies.
- a structure or a mobile object itself may be regarded as a communication device.
- the concept of a communication device includes not only a terminal device but also a base station and a relay station.
- a communication device is a type of processing device and information processing device.
- the communication device can be called a transmitting device or a receiving device.
- each device constituting the communication system 1 will be specifically described below. Note that the configuration of each device shown below is merely an example. The configuration of each device may differ from the configuration shown below.
- the management device 10 is a device that manages a wireless network.
- the management device 10 is a device that manages communication of the base station 20 .
- the management device 10 may be, for example, a device that functions as an MME (Mobility Management Entity).
- the management device 10 may be a device having functions as AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) and/or SMF (Session Management Function).
- AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
- SMF Session Management Function
- the functions of the management device 10 are not limited to MME, AMF, and SMF.
- the management device 10 may be a device having functions as NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function), AUSF (Authentication Server Function), PCF (Policy Control Function), and UDM (Unified Data Management).
- the management device 10 may be a device having a function as an HSS (Home Subscriber Server).
- the management device 10 may have a gateway function.
- the management device 10 may have functions as an S-GW (Serving Gateway) or a P-GW (Packet Data Network Gateway).
- the management device 10 may have a function as a UPF (User Plane Function).
- the core network consists of multiple network functions, and each network function may be integrated into one physical device or distributed over multiple physical devices.
- the management device 10 can be distributed to a plurality of devices. Additionally, this distribution may be controlled to be performed dynamically.
- the base station 20 and the management device 10 constitute one network and provide wireless communication services to the terminal device 40 .
- the management device 10 is connected to the Internet, and the terminal device 40 can use various services provided via the Internet via the base station 20 .
- the management device 10 does not necessarily have to constitute a core network.
- the core network is a W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) or cdma2000 (Code Division Multiple Access 2000) core network.
- the management device 10 may be a device that functions as an RNC (Radio Network Controller).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the management device 10 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the management device 10 includes a communication section 11 , a storage section 12 and a control section 13 .
- the configuration shown in FIG. 4 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may differ from this.
- the functions of the management device 10 may be statically or dynamically distributed and implemented in a plurality of physically separated configurations.
- the management device 10 may be composed of a plurality of server devices.
- the communication unit 11 is a communication interface for communicating with other devices.
- the communication unit 11 may be a network interface or a device connection interface.
- the communication unit 11 may be a LAN (Local Area Network) interface such as a NIC (Network Interface Card), or a USB interface configured by a USB (Universal Serial Bus) host controller, a USB port, etc. good too.
- the communication unit 11 may be a wired interface or a wireless interface.
- the communication unit 11 functions as communication means for the management device 10 .
- the communication unit 11 communicates with the base station 20 and the like under the control of the control unit 13 .
- the storage unit 12 is a data readable/writable storage device such as a DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), an SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), a flash memory, a hard disk, or the like.
- the storage unit 12 functions as storage means of the management device 10 .
- the storage unit 12 stores, for example, the connection state of the terminal device 40 .
- the storage unit 12 stores the RRC (Radio Resource Control) state and ECM (EPS Connection Management) state of the terminal device 40, or the 5G System CM (Connection Management) state.
- the storage unit 12 may function as a home memory that stores position information of the terminal device 40 .
- the control unit 13 is a controller that controls each unit of the management device 10 .
- the control unit 13 is implemented by a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), MPU (Micro Processing Unit), GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), or the like.
- the control unit 13 is implemented by the processor executing various programs stored in the storage device inside the management device 10 using a RAM (Random Access Memory) or the like as a work area.
- the control unit 13 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- the base station 20 is a wireless communication device that wirelessly communicates with the terminal device 40 .
- the base station 20 may be configured to wirelessly communicate with the terminal device 40 via the relay station 30 or may be configured to wirelessly communicate directly with the terminal device 40 .
- the base station 20 is a type of communication device. More specifically, the base station 20 is a device corresponding to a radio base station (Base Station, Node B, eNB, gNB, etc.) or a radio access point (Access Point). Base station 20 may be a radio relay station. Also, the base station 20 may be an optical extension device called RRH (Remote Radio Head) or RU (Radio Unit). Also, the base station 20 may be a receiving station such as an FPU (Field Pickup Unit). Also, the base station 20 is an IAB (Integrated Access and Backhaul) donor node or an IAB relay node that provides radio access lines and radio backhaul lines by time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, or space division multiplexing. good too.
- RRH Remote Radio Head
- RU Radio Unit
- FPU Field Pickup Unit
- the wireless access technology used by the base station 20 may be cellular communication technology or wireless LAN technology.
- the radio access technologies used by the base station 20 are not limited to these, and other radio access technologies may be used.
- the radio access technology used by the base station 20 may be LPWA (Low Power Wide Area) communication technology.
- the wireless communication used by the base station 20 may be wireless communication using millimeter waves.
- the wireless communication used by the base station 20 may be wireless communication using radio waves, or wireless communication using infrared rays or visible light (optical wireless).
- the base station 20 may be capable of NOMA (Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access) communication with the terminal device 40 .
- NOMA communication is communication (transmission, reception, or both) using non-orthogonal resources.
- the base station 20 may be capable of NOMA communication with another base station 20 .
- the base stations 20 may be able to communicate with each other via a base station-core network interface (eg, NG Interface, S1 Interface, etc.). This interface can be wired or wireless. Also, the base stations may be able to communicate with each other via inter-base station interfaces (eg, Xn Interface, X2 Interface, S1 Interface, F1 Interface, etc.). This interface can be wired or wireless.
- a base station-core network interface eg, NG Interface, S1 Interface, etc.
- This interface can be wired or wireless.
- inter-base station interfaces eg, Xn Interface, X2 Interface, S1 Interface, F1 Interface, etc.
- base station includes not only donor base stations but also relay base stations (also called relay stations).
- relay base station may be any one of RF Repeater, Smart Repeater, and Intelligent Surface.
- concept of a base station includes not only a structure having the functions of a base station but also devices installed in the structure.
- Structures are, for example, skyscrapers, houses, steel towers, station facilities, airport facilities, port facilities, office buildings, school buildings, hospitals, factories, commercial facilities, stadiums, and other buildings.
- the concept of structures includes not only buildings, but also non-building structures such as tunnels, bridges, dams, fences, and steel pillars, as well as equipment such as cranes, gates, and windmills.
- the concept of structures includes not only structures on land (in a narrow sense, above ground) or underground, but also structures on water such as piers and mega-floats, and underwater structures such as oceanographic observation equipment.
- a base station can be rephrased as an information processing device.
- the base station 20 may be a donor station or a relay station (relay station). Also, the base station 20 may be a fixed station or a mobile station.
- a mobile station is a mobile wireless communication device (eg, base station).
- the base station 20 may be a device installed in the mobile body, or may be the mobile body itself.
- a relay station with mobility can be regarded as the base station 20 as a mobile station.
- vehicles, UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) typified by drones, smartphones, and other devices that are inherently mobile and equipped with base station functions (at least part of the base station functions) are also mobile. It corresponds to the base station 20 as a station.
- the mobile object may be a mobile terminal such as a smartphone or mobile phone.
- the mobile body may be a mobile body (for example, vehicles such as automobiles, bicycles, buses, trucks, motorcycles, trains, linear motor cars, etc.) that moves on land (narrowly defined ground), or underground (for example, it may be a moving body (eg, subway) that moves in a tunnel.
- the mobile body may be a mobile body that moves on water (for example, a passenger ship, a cargo ship, a ship such as a hovercraft), or a mobile body that moves underwater (for example, a submarine, a submarine, an unmanned underwater vehicle, etc.). submersible).
- the mobile object may be a mobile object that moves in the atmosphere (for example, an aircraft such as an airplane, an airship, or a drone).
- the base station 20 may be a ground base station (ground station) installed on the ground.
- the base station 20 may be a base station located in a structure on the ground, or a base station installed in a mobile body moving on the ground.
- the base station 20 may be an antenna installed in a structure such as a building and a signal processing device connected to the antenna.
- the base station 20 may be a structure or a mobile object itself. "Terrestrial" is not only land (terrestrial in a narrow sense), but also ground in a broad sense, including underground, above water, and underwater.
- the base station 20 is not limited to a ground base station.
- the base station 20 may be an aircraft station. From the perspective of a satellite station, an aircraft station located on the earth is a ground station.
- the base station 20 is not limited to a ground station.
- the base station 20 may be a non-terrestrial base station (non-terrestrial station) capable of floating in the air or space.
- base station 20 may be an aircraft station or a satellite station.
- a satellite station is a satellite station that can float outside the atmosphere.
- the satellite station may be a device mounted on a space mobile such as an artificial satellite, or may be the space mobile itself.
- a space vehicle is a mobile object that moves outside the atmosphere.
- Space mobiles include artificial celestial bodies such as artificial satellites, spacecraft, space stations, and probes.
- the satellites that will become satellite stations are Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites, Medium Earth Orbiting (MEO) satellites, Geostationary Earth Orbiting (GEO) satellites, and Highly Elliptical Orbiting (HEO) satellites. ) satellite.
- LEO Low Earth Orbit
- MEO Medium Earth Orbit
- GEO Geostationary Earth Orbit
- HEO Highly Elliptical Orbit
- a satellite station may be a device onboard a low orbit satellite, a medium orbit satellite, a geostationary satellite, or a high elliptical orbit satellite.
- An aircraft station is a wireless communication device that can float in the atmosphere, such as an aircraft.
- the aircraft station may be a device mounted on an aircraft or the like, or may be the aircraft itself.
- the concept of aircraft includes not only heavy aircraft such as airplanes and gliders, but also light aircraft such as balloons and airships.
- the concept of aircraft includes not only heavy aircraft and light aircraft, but also rotorcraft such as helicopters and autogyros. Note that the aircraft station (or an aircraft on which the aircraft station is mounted) may be an unmanned aerial vehicle such as a drone.
- unmanned aircraft also includes unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) and tethered unmanned aerial systems (tethered UAS).
- UAS unmanned aircraft systems
- tethered UAS tethered unmanned aerial systems
- unmanned aerial vehicles includes light unmanned aerial systems (LTA: Lighter than Air UAS) and heavy unmanned aerial systems (HTA: Heavier than Air UAS).
- LTA Lighter than Air UAS
- HTA Heavier than Air UAS
- HAPs High Altitude UAS Platforms
- the size of the coverage of the base station 20 may be as large as a macrocell or as small as a picocell. Of course, the size of the coverage of the base station 20 may be extremely small such as femtocell.
- the base station 20 may also have beamforming capabilities. In this case, the base station 20 may form a cell or service area for each beam.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the base station 20 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the base station 20 includes a wireless communication unit 21, a storage unit 22, and a control unit 23. Note that the configuration shown in FIG. 5 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may differ from this. Also, the functions of the base station 20 may be distributed and implemented in multiple physically separated configurations.
- the wireless communication unit 21 is a signal processing unit for wirelessly communicating with another wireless communication device (for example, the terminal device 40).
- the radio communication section 21 operates under the control of the control section 23 .
- the radio communication unit 21 supports one or more radio access schemes.
- the wireless communication unit 21 supports both NR and LTE.
- the wireless communication unit 21 may support W-CDMA and cdma2000 in addition to NR and LTE.
- the wireless communication unit 21 may support an automatic retransmission technique such as HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest).
- HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest
- the wireless communication unit 21 includes a transmission processing unit 211, a reception processing unit 212, and an antenna 213.
- the wireless communication unit 21 may include multiple transmission processing units 211 , reception processing units 212 , and antennas 213 . Note that when the wireless communication unit 21 supports a plurality of wireless access methods, each unit of the wireless communication unit 21 can be individually configured for each wireless access method.
- the transmission processing unit 211 and the reception processing unit 212 may be individually configured for LTE and NR.
- the antenna 213 may be composed of a plurality of antenna elements (for example, a plurality of patch antennas).
- the wireless communication unit 21 may be configured to be capable of beam forming.
- the wireless communication unit 21 may be configured to be capable of polarization beam forming using vertical polarization (V polarization) and horizontal polarization (H polarization).
- the transmission processing unit 211 performs transmission processing of downlink control information and downlink data.
- the transmission processing unit 211 encodes downlink control information and downlink data input from the control unit 23 using an encoding method such as block encoding, convolutional encoding, turbo encoding.
- the encoding may be encoding by polar code or encoding by LDPC code (Low Density Parity Check Code).
- the transmission processing unit 211 modulates the coded bits with a predetermined modulation scheme such as BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM.
- the signal points on the constellation do not necessarily have to be equidistant.
- the constellation may be a non-uniform constellation (NUC).
- the transmission processing unit 211 multiplexes the modulation symbols of each channel and downlink reference signals, and arranges them in predetermined resource elements. Then, the transmission processing unit 211 performs various signal processing on the multiplexed signal. For example, the transmission processing unit 211 performs conversion to the frequency domain by fast Fourier transform, addition of a guard interval (cyclic prefix), generation of a baseband digital signal, conversion to an analog signal, quadrature modulation, up-conversion, extra Processing such as removal of frequency components and amplification of power is performed. A signal generated by the transmission processing unit 211 is transmitted from the antenna 213 .
- a guard interval cyclic prefix
- the reception processing unit 212 processes uplink signals received via the antenna 213 .
- the reception processing unit 212 performs down-conversion, removal of unnecessary frequency components, control of amplification level, orthogonal demodulation, conversion to digital signals, removal of guard intervals (cyclic prefixes), and high-speed Extraction of frequency domain signals by Fourier transform, etc. are performed.
- the reception processing unit 212 separates uplink channels such as PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) and PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) and uplink reference signals from the signal subjected to these processes.
- PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
- PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel
- the reception processing unit 212 demodulates the received signal using a modulation scheme such as BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) or QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) for the modulation symbols of the uplink channel.
- the modulation scheme used for demodulation may be 16QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), 64QAM, or 256QAM.
- the signal points on the constellation do not necessarily have to be equidistant.
- the constellation may be a non-uniform constellation (NUC).
- the reception processing unit 212 performs decoding processing on the coded bits of the demodulated uplink channel.
- the decoded uplink data and uplink control information are output to the control section 23 .
- the antenna 213 is an antenna device (antenna unit) that mutually converts electric current and radio waves.
- the antenna 213 may be composed of one antenna element (for example, one patch antenna), or may be composed of a plurality of antenna elements (for example, a plurality of patch antennas).
- the wireless communication section 21 may be configured to be capable of beam forming.
- the radio communication unit 21 may be configured to generate directional beams by controlling the directivity of radio signals using a plurality of antenna elements.
- the antenna 213 may be a dual polarized antenna.
- the wireless communication unit 21 may use vertical polarized waves (V polarized waves) and horizontal polarized waves (H polarized waves) for transmitting wireless signals. Then, the wireless communication unit 21 may control the directivity of the wireless signal transmitted using the vertically polarized wave and the horizontally polarized wave. Also, the radio communication unit 21 may transmit and receive signals that are spatially multiplexed via a plurality of layers composed of a plurality of antenna elements.
- the storage unit 22 is a data readable/writable storage device such as a DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, or hard disk.
- the storage unit 22 functions as storage means for the base station 20 .
- the control unit 23 is a controller that controls each unit of the base station 20 .
- the control unit 23 is implemented by a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or MPU (Micro Processing Unit), for example.
- the control unit 23 is implemented by the processor executing various programs stored in the storage device inside the base station 20 using a RAM (Random Access Memory) or the like as a work area.
- the control unit 23 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- CPUs, MPUs, ASICs, and FPGAs can all be considered controllers.
- the control unit 23 may be implemented by a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) in addition to or instead of the CPU.
- the control unit 23 includes a reception unit 231, a transmission unit 232, an acquisition unit 233, a generation unit 234, a distribution unit 235, a start determination unit 236, a decoding unit 237, and a decoding determination unit 238.
- Each block (receiving unit 231 to decoding determining unit 238) constituting control unit 23 is a functional block indicating the function of control unit 23.
- FIG. These functional blocks may be software blocks or hardware blocks.
- each of the functional blocks described above may be one software module realized by software (including microprograms), or may be one circuit block on a semiconductor chip (die). Of course, each functional block may be one processor or one integrated circuit.
- the control unit 23 may be configured in functional units different from the functional blocks described above.
- the configuration method of the functional blocks is arbitrary. Note that the operation of the control unit 23 may be the same as the operation of each block of the control unit of the terminal device 40 .
- the concept of a base station may consist of a collection of multiple physical or logical devices.
- the base station may be classified into a plurality of devices such as BBU (Baseband Unit) and RU (Radio Unit). A base station may then be interpreted as a collection of these devices.
- the base station may be one or both of the BBU and RU.
- the BBU and RU may be connected by a predetermined interface (eg, eCPRI (enhanced Common Public Radio Interface)).
- RU may also be called RRU (Remote Radio Unit) or RD (Radio DoT).
- the RU may correspond to gNB-DU (gNB Distributed Unit), which will be described later.
- the BBU may correspond to gNB-CU (gNB Central Unit), which will be described later.
- the RU may be a wireless device connected to a gNB-DU as described below.
- the gNB-CU, gNB-DU, and RUs connected to the gNB-DU may be configured to comply with O-RAN (Open Radio Access Network).
- the RU may be a unit integrally formed with the antenna.
- the antenna that the base station has eg, an antenna integrally formed with the RU
- the antennas of the base station may have, for example, 64 transmitting antenna ports and 64 receiving antenna ports.
- the antenna mounted on the RU may be an antenna panel composed of one or more antenna elements, and the RU may mount one or more antenna panels.
- the RU has two types of antenna panels, a horizontally polarized antenna panel and a vertically polarized antenna panel, or two types of antenna panels, a right-handed circularly polarized antenna panel and a left-handed circularly polarized antenna panel. Can be installed.
- the RU may also form and control independent beams for each antenna panel.
- a plurality of base stations may be connected to each other.
- One or more base stations may be included in a Radio Access Network (RAN).
- the base station may simply be called RAN, RAN node, AN (Access Network), or AN node.
- EUTRAN Enhanced Universal Terrestrial RAN
- the RAN in NR is sometimes called NGRAN.
- the RAN in W-CDMA (UMTS) is sometimes called UTRAN.
- the LTE base station is sometimes referred to as eNodeB (Evolved Node B) or eNB.
- the EUTRAN then includes one or more eNodeBs (eNBs).
- the NR base stations are sometimes referred to as gNodeBs or gNBs.
- the NGRAN includes one or more gNBs.
- the EUTRAN may include gNBs (en-gNBs) connected to a core network (EPC) in the LTE communication system (EPS).
- NGRAN may include ng-eNBs connected to a core network 5GC in a 5G communication system (5GS).
- the base station is sometimes called 3GPP Access.
- the base station when the base station is a wireless access point (Access Point), the base station may be referred to as a non-3GPP access (Non-3GPP Access).
- the base station may be an optical extension device called RRH (Remote Radio Head) or RU (Radio Unit).
- RRH Remote Radio Head
- RU Radio Unit
- the base station when the base station is a gNB, the base station may be a combination of the above-described gNB-CU and gNB-DU, or either gNB-CU or gNB-DU. may
- the gNB-CU uses multiple upper layers (for example, RRC (Radio Resource Control), SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol), PDCP (Packet On the other hand, gNB-DU hosts multiple lower layers (for example, RLC (Radio Link Control), MAC (Medium Access Control), PHY (Physical layer)) of the access stratum.
- RRC Radio Resource Control
- SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocol
- PDCP Packet
- gNB-DU hosts multiple lower layers (for example, RLC (Radio Link Control), MAC (Medium Access Control), PHY (Physical layer)) of the access stratum.
- RLC Radio Link Control
- MAC Medium Access Control
- PHY Physical layer
- RRC signaling (semi-static notification) is generated in the gNB-CU, while MAC CE and DCI (dynamic notification) are generated in the gNB-DU
- RRC configuration (semi-static notification)
- some configurations such as IE: cellGroupConfig are generated in gNB-DU, and the remaining configurations are gNB - may be generated at the CU, and these configurations may be sent and received at the F1 interface described below.
- the base station may be configured to be able to communicate with other base stations.
- the base stations may be connected via an X2 interface.
- the devices may be connected via an Xn interface.
- the devices may be connected by the F1 interface described above.
- Messages/information described later may be transmitted between multiple base stations, e.g., via the X2 interface, the Xn interface, or the F1 interface. .
- a cell provided by a base station is sometimes called a serving cell.
- the concept of serving cell includes PCell (Primary Cell) and SCell (Secondary Cell).
- PCell Primary Cell
- SCell Secondary Cell
- dual connectivity is configured in the UE (for example, the terminal device 40)
- the PCell provided by the MN (Master Node) and zero or more SCells may be called a Master Cell Group.
- dual connectivity include EUTRA-EUTRA Dual Connectivity, EUTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (ENDC), EUTRA-NR Dual Connectivity with 5GC, NR-EUTRA Dual Connectivity (NEDC), and NR-NR Dual Connectivity.
- the serving cell may include a PSCell (Primary Secondary Cell or Primary SCG Cell).
- PSCell Primary Secondary Cell or Primary SCG Cell
- a PSCell provided by an SN (Secondary Node) and zero or more SCells may be called an SCG (Secondary Cell Group).
- PUCCH Physical Uplink control channel
- SCell Secondary Cell Group
- a radio link failure Radio Link Failure
- SCell SCell
- One cell may be associated with one downlink component carrier and one uplink component carrier.
- the system bandwidth corresponding to one cell may be divided into a plurality of BWPs (Bandwidth Parts).
- one or more BWPs may be set in the UE, and one BWP may be used by the UE as an active BWP.
- the radio resources for example, frequency band, numerology (subcarrier spacing), slot format (Slot configuration)
- the terminal device 40 may differ for each cell, each component carrier, or each BWP.
- the relay station 30 is a device that serves as a relay station for the base station.
- the relay station 30 is a kind of base station.
- the relay station 30 is a kind of information processing device.
- a relay station can be rephrased as a relay base station.
- the relay station 30 may be a device called a repeater (e.g., RF Repeater, Smart Repeater, Intelligent Surface).
- the relay station 30 can perform wireless communication such as NOMA communication with the terminal device 40.
- the relay station 30 relays communication between the base station 20 and the terminal device 40 .
- the relay station 30 may be configured to be able to communicate wirelessly with another relay station 30 and the base station 20 .
- the relay station 30 may be a ground station device or a non-ground station device.
- the relay station 30 constitutes the radio access network RAN together with the base station 20 .
- the relay station of this embodiment may be a fixed device, a movable device, or a floating device. Also, the size of the coverage of the relay station of this embodiment is not limited to a specific size. For example, a cell covered by a relay station may be a macro cell, a micro cell, or a small cell.
- the relay station of the present embodiment is not limited to a mounted device as long as it satisfies the relay function.
- the repeater may be mounted on a terminal device such as a smartphone, may be mounted on a car, a train, or a rickshaw, may be mounted on a balloon, an airplane, or a drone, may be mounted on a traffic signal, a sign, It may be installed in a street light or the like, or may be installed in a home appliance such as a television, a game machine, an air conditioner, a refrigerator, or a lighting fixture.
- the configuration of the relay station 30 may be the same as the configuration of the base station 20 described above.
- the relay station 30 may be a device installed in a mobile unit, or may be the mobile unit itself.
- the mobile object may be a mobile terminal such as a smart phone or a mobile phone, as described above.
- the mobile body may be a mobile body that moves on land (ground in a narrow sense) or a mobile body that moves underground.
- the moving body may be a moving body that moves on water or a moving body that moves in water.
- the mobile body may be a mobile body that moves within the atmosphere or a mobile body that moves outside the atmosphere.
- the relay station 30 may be a ground station device or a non-ground station device. At this time, the relay station 30 may be an aircraft station or a satellite station.
- the size of the coverage of the relay station 30, like the base station 20, may be as large as a macrocell or as small as a picocell. Of course, the size of the coverage of the relay station 30 may be extremely small such as femtocell. Also, the relay station 30 may have beamforming capability. In this case, the relay station 30 may form a cell or service area for each beam.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the relay station 30 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the relay station 30 includes a radio communication section 31 , a storage section 32 and a control section 33 .
- the configuration shown in FIG. 6 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may differ from this. Also, the functions of the relay station 30 may be distributed and implemented in a plurality of physically separated configurations.
- the wireless communication unit 31 is a wireless communication interface that wirelessly communicates with other wireless communication devices (eg, base station 20, terminal device 40, other relay station 30).
- the radio communication unit 31 supports one or more radio access schemes.
- the wireless communication unit 31 supports both NR and LTE.
- the wireless communication unit 31 may support W-CDMA and cdma2000 in addition to NR and LTE.
- the wireless communication section 31 includes a transmission processing section 311 , a reception processing section 312 and an antenna 313 .
- the wireless communication unit 31 may include multiple transmission processing units 311 , reception processing units 312 , and antennas 313 . Note that when the wireless communication unit 31 supports a plurality of wireless access methods, each unit of the wireless communication unit 31 can be individually configured for each wireless access method.
- the transmission processing unit 311 and the reception processing unit 312 may be individually configured for LTE and NR.
- the configurations of the transmission processing unit 311, the reception processing unit 312, and the antenna 313 are the same as the configurations of the transmission processing unit 211, the reception processing unit 212, and the antenna 213 described above.
- the wireless communication unit 31 may be configured to be capable of beam forming, similarly to the wireless communication unit 21 .
- the storage unit 32 is a data readable/writable storage device such as a DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, or hard disk.
- the storage unit 32 functions as storage means for the relay station 30 .
- the control section 33 is a controller that controls each section of the relay station 30 .
- the control unit 33 is implemented by a processor such as a CPU, MPU, or GPU, for example.
- the control unit 33 is realized by executing various programs stored in the storage device inside the relay station 30 by the processor using the RAM or the like as a work area.
- the control unit 33 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as ASIC or FPGA.
- CPUs, MPUs, GPUs, ASICs, and FPGAs can all be considered controllers.
- the operation of the control unit 33 may be the same as that of each block (receiving unit 231 to decoding determination unit 238) of the control unit 23 of the base station 20.
- the relay station 30 may be an IAB relay node.
- the relay station 30 operates as an IAB-MT (Mobile Termination) for the IAB donor node that provides backhaul, and operates as an IAB-DU (Distributed Unit) for the terminal device 40 that provides access.
- the IAB donor node may be, for example, the base station 20 and operates as an IAB-CU (Central Unit).
- the terminal device 40 is a wireless communication device that wirelessly communicates with other communication devices such as the base station 20 and the relay station 30 .
- the terminal device 40 is, for example, a mobile phone, a smart device (smartphone or tablet), a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), or a personal computer.
- the terminal device 40 may be a device such as a business-use camera equipped with a communication function, or may be a motorcycle or mobile relay vehicle equipped with a communication device such as an FPU (Field Pickup Unit).
- the terminal device 40 may be an M2M (Machine to Machine) device or an IoT (Internet of Things) device.
- the terminal device 40 may be capable of NOMA communication with the base station 20. Also, the terminal device 40 may be able to use an automatic retransmission technique such as HARQ when communicating with the base station 20 . The terminal device 40 may be capable of sidelink communication with another terminal device 40 . The terminal device 40 may be able to use an automatic retransmission technique such as HARQ even when performing sidelink communication. Note that the terminal device 40 may be capable of NOMA communication in communication (sidelink) with another terminal device 40 as well. Also, the terminal device 40 may be capable of LPWA communication with other communication devices (for example, the base station 20 and other terminal devices 40). Also, the wireless communication used by the terminal device 40 may be wireless communication using millimeter waves. The wireless communication (including sidelink communication) used by the terminal device 40 may be wireless communication using radio waves, or wireless communication using infrared rays or visible light (optical wireless). good.
- the terminal device 40 may be a mobile device.
- a mobile device is a mobile wireless communication device.
- the terminal device 40 may be a wireless communication device installed in a mobile object, or may be the mobile object itself.
- the terminal device 40 is a vehicle that moves on roads such as automobiles, buses, trucks, and motorcycles, a vehicle that moves on rails installed on a track such as a train, or a vehicle mounted on the vehicle. It may be a wireless communication device.
- the mobile object may be a mobile terminal, or a mobile object that moves on land (ground in a narrow sense), underground, on water, or in water. Further, the mobile object may be a mobile object such as a drone, a helicopter, or the like that moves in the atmosphere, or a mobile object that moves outside the atmosphere, such as an artificial satellite.
- the terminal device 40 may communicate with multiple base stations or multiple cells at the same time. For example, when one base station supports a communication area through multiple cells (for example, pCell, sCell), carrier aggregation (CA: Carrier Aggregation) technology and dual connectivity (DC: Dual Connectivity) technology, Multi-connectivity (MC) technology enables communication between the base station 20 and the terminal device 40 by bundling the plurality of cells.
- CA Carrier Aggregation
- DC Dual Connectivity
- MC Multi-connectivity
- CoMP Coordinatd Multi-Point Transmission and Reception
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the terminal device 40 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the terminal device 40 includes a wireless communication section 41 , a storage section 42 and a control section 43 .
- the configuration shown in FIG. 7 is a functional configuration, and the hardware configuration may differ from this. Also, the functions of the terminal device 40 may be distributed and implemented in a plurality of physically separated configurations.
- the wireless communication unit 41 is a signal processing unit for wirelessly communicating with other wireless communication devices (eg, base station 20, relay station 30, and other terminal devices 40).
- the radio communication section 41 operates under the control of the control section 43 .
- the wireless communication unit 41 includes a transmission processing unit 411 , a reception processing unit 412 and an antenna 413 .
- the configurations of the radio communication unit 41, the transmission processing unit 411, the reception processing unit 412, and the antenna 413 may be the same as those of the radio communication unit 21, the transmission processing unit 211, the reception processing unit 212, and the antenna 213 of the base station 20.
- the wireless communication unit 41 may be configured to be capable of beamforming.
- the radio communication unit 41 may be configured to be capable of transmitting and receiving spatially multiplexed signals.
- the storage unit 42 is a data readable/writable storage device such as a DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, or hard disk.
- the storage unit 42 functions as storage means of the terminal device 40 .
- the control unit 43 is a controller that controls each unit of the terminal device 40 .
- the control unit 43 is implemented by a processor such as a CPU or MPU, for example.
- the control unit 43 is realized by the processor executing various programs stored in the storage device inside the terminal device 40 using the RAM or the like as a work area.
- the control unit 43 may be realized by an integrated circuit such as ASIC or FPGA.
- CPUs, MPUs, ASICs, and FPGAs can all be considered controllers.
- the control unit 43 may be realized by a GPU in addition to or instead of the CPU.
- the control unit 43 includes a reception unit 431, a transmission unit 432, an acquisition unit 433, a generation unit 434, a distribution unit 435, a start determination unit 436, a decoding unit 437, and a decoding determination unit 438.
- Each block (receiving section 431 to decoding determining section 438) constituting the control section 43 is a functional block indicating the function of the control section 43 respectively.
- These functional blocks may be software blocks or hardware blocks.
- each of the functional blocks described above may be one software module realized by software (including microprograms), or may be one circuit block on a semiconductor chip (die). Of course, each functional block may be one processor or one integrated circuit.
- the control unit 43 may be configured by functional units different from the functional blocks described above.
- the configuration method of the functional blocks is arbitrary.
- the operation of the controller 43 may be the same as the operation of each block of the controller 23 of the base station 20 .
- FIG. 8 and 9 are diagrams showing the outline of the signal processing of this embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an overview of signal processing in the transmission-side communication device
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an overview of signal processing in the reception-side communication device.
- Any of the base station 20, the relay station 30, and the terminal device 40 can be a communication device on the transmitting side or the receiving side.
- the communication device applies a plurality of forward error correction (FEC) processes to an information sequence to be transmitted and received.
- FEC forward error correction
- error correction processing is performed in each of the first encoding and the second encoding.
- a predetermined layer related to signal processing inside the communication device performs predetermined signal processing (transmitting side processing 1 shown in FIG.
- the information sequence (hereinafter also referred to as transmission data sequence) is transmitted to the coding layer (for example, the PDCP layer).
- the first coding layer performs a first coding process on the received transmission data sequence.
- the first encoding process includes a first error correction encoding process.
- the encoded transmission data series undergoes predetermined signal processing (transmitting side processing 2 shown in FIG. 8), and then transmitted to the second coding layer (eg, physical layer).
- a second coding layer performs a second coding process on the transmission data sequence.
- the second encoding process includes a second error correction encoding process.
- the encoded transmission data series undergoes predetermined signal processing (transmitting-side processing 3 shown in FIG. 8), and then transmitted to the receiving-side communication device.
- a predetermined layer related to signal processing inside the communication device performs predetermined signal processing (receiving side processing 1 shown in FIG. 9) after acquiring an information sequence (hereinafter also referred to as a received data sequence) from the transmitting side communication device. and transmit the received data sequence to the second decoding layer (eg, physical layer).
- the second decoding layer eg, physical layer
- a second decoding layer performs a second decoding process corresponding to the second encoding process on the received data series.
- the decoded received data series undergoes predetermined signal processing (receiving side processing 2 shown in FIG. 9), and then transmitted to the first decoding layer (for example, PDCP layer).
- the first decoding layer performs a first decoding process corresponding to the first encoding process on the received data series.
- the information series generated by the first decoding process undergoes predetermined signal processing (receiving side process 3 shown in FIG. 8), and then transmitted to the upper layer.
- the communication apparatus generates a plurality of bit sequences with different contents by applying a first encoding process based on a first error correction encoding scheme to a transmission data sequence, and converts a plurality of bit sequences into a plurality of bit sequences. distributed to each channel and transmitted.
- the communication device achieves high frequency utilization efficiency while maintaining communication reliability.
- the first encoding process and the second encoding process will be described below. Note that the first decoding process and the second decoding process are processes corresponding to the first encoding process and the second encoding process, respectively, so description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the first encoding process.
- the first encoding process multiple bit sequences are generated from one bit sequence.
- one bit sequence to be input to the first encoding process corresponds to the transmission data sequence described above.
- the communication device divides the output multiple bit sequences into one or more first bit sequences that must be transmitted and one or more bit sequences that can be decoded without transmission. and a plurality of second bit sequences. Then, the communication device outputs a plurality of bit sequences that output one or more first bit sequences and one or more third bit sequences selected from one or more second bit sequences. may be
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of the first encoding process.
- the communication device divides one bit sequence (one source bit sequence) into a plurality of source bit sequences.
- the communication device generates a plurality of parity bit sequences by subjecting the plurality of source bit sequences to error correction coding processing.
- the communication device generates a plurality of parity bit sequences by sequentially executing error correction coding processing on a plurality of bit sequences each obtained by combining two source bit sequences.
- the communication device generates a plurality of output bit sequences by adding a plurality of parity bit sequences to a plurality of source bit sequences.
- the parity bit sequences added to the plurality of source bit sequences may not necessarily be all of the generated parity bit sequences.
- the communication device may add one or a plurality of parity bit sequences selected from the plurality of parity bit sequences to the plurality of source bit sequences.
- the error-correcting coding method is an error-correcting coding method in which, when a predetermined bit sequence is input, not only a parity bit sequence but an encoded bit sequence is output. good too.
- the error-correcting encoding method used in the first encoding process (hereinafter also referred to as the first error-correcting encoding method) is erasure code, rateless code, or fountain code.
- An error correction coding method included in the category of codes (Fountain Codes) is desirable.
- the error-correction encoding method used in the first encoding process be an error-correction encoding method that linearly combines or XOR-combines a plurality of bit sequences for encoding. Examples of error-correcting encoding schemes assumed to be used in the first encoding process are shown in (A1) to (A11) below.
- the error correction encoding method used in the first encoding process is not limited to the following example.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the second encoding process.
- one bit sequence is generated from one bit sequence (data sequence).
- the communication device generates one output bit sequence by adding a parity sequence to one input bit sequence (data sequence).
- the example shown in FIG. 12 is merely an example, and the second encoding process is not limited to the example shown in FIG.
- the error-correcting encoding method used in the second encoding process (hereinafter also referred to as the second error-correcting encoding method) is convolutional codes, turbo codes, LDPC codes, or An error-correcting coding scheme included in categories such as polar codes is desirable. Examples of error-correcting coding schemes assumed to be used in the second coding process are shown in (B1) to (B4) below. Of course, the error correction encoding method used in the second encoding process is not limited to the following example.
- FIG. 13 is a sequence diagram showing an example of a procedure for encoding. Note that the procedure example shown in FIG. 13 is merely an example, and the present embodiment is not limited to this procedure example. Further, although FIG. 13 shows downlink communication from the base station 20 to the terminal device 40, the technology disclosed in the present embodiment is applicable to other communication (for example, uplink communication from the terminal device 40 to the base station 20). communication). An example of the encoding procedure according to the present embodiment will be described below with reference to the sequence diagram of FIG. 13 .
- the terminal device 40 notifies the base station 20 of the cell to which the terminal device 40 is connected of information regarding its own terminal capabilities (step S101).
- This information also includes information about the first encoding capability and the second encoding capability.
- the terminal device 40 may notify the terminal capability information during the initial access procedure or after the initial access.
- physical channels for this notification for example, a random access channel (PRACH: Physical Random Access Channel), an uplink control channel (PUCCH: Physical Uplink Control Channel), and an uplink shared channel (PUSCH: Physical Uplink Shared Channel) may be utilized.
- PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
- PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel
- PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
- the base station 20 notifies the terminal device 40 connected to the cell managed by itself of semi-static control information including information on the first encoding and the second encoding (step S102). .
- This semi-static control information may be cell-specific control information.
- the base station 20 may notify this semi-static control information during the initial connection procedure or after the initial connection. Also, the base station 20 may notify this control information as part of the RRC procedure such as RRC Signaling, RRC Configuration, or RRC Reconfiguration. Also, the base station 20 may periodically notify the terminal device 40 of this control information.
- PBCH Physical Broadcast Channel
- EPDCCH Enhanced Physical Downlink Control Channel
- a downlink shared channel Physical Downlink Shared Channel
- the terminal device 40 Upon receiving the semi-static control information, the terminal device 40 makes settings regarding encoding based on the information regarding the first encoding and the second encoding included in the received control information (step S103).
- the base station 20 transmits dynamic control information to the terminal device 40 .
- cases where downlink communication occurs include a case where the terminal device 40 requests data download (pull) and a case where push data is generated to the terminal device 40 .
- This dynamic control information may be terminal-specific (UE-specific) control information or terminal-group-specific (UE-group-specific) control information.
- a terminal group is, for example, a group of one or more terminal devices 40 that are transmission destinations when downlink communication is multicast or broadcast.
- the dynamic control information may include various information such as information on radio resources used for downlink communication.
- the dynamic control information may include information on various resources for allocating downlink communication to the target terminal device 40 (terminal device 40 group). More specifically, the dynamic control information may include, for example, information (1) to (8) below.
- Frequency resources e.g. resource blocks, subcarriers, subcarrier groups, etc.
- time resources e.g. subframes, slots, mini-slots, symbols, etc.
- Spatial resources e.g. Antenna, Antenna Port, Spatial Layer, Spatial Stream, etc.
- Non-orthogonal resources e.g., power related resources, interleaving patterns, scrambling patterns, spreading patterns, etc.
- Information on the modulation level Modulation Order
- the coding rate of the second coding e.g., MCS (Modulation and Coding Set), etc.
- Error correction coding scheme used in the first coding (7)
- Information about the coding rate of the first coding (8) ARQ / HARQ settings (e.g., NDI (New Data Indicator), RV (Redundancy Version), etc.)
- the terminal device 40 Upon receiving this dynamic control information, the terminal device 40 performs settings for proper reception of downlink communication according to the control information (step S105).
- the base station 20 performs first encoding, second encoding, and modulation on data for downlink communication to the terminal device 40 so as to match the control information notified to the terminal device 40. implemented (step S106).
- the base station 20 transmits the coded and modulated data to the terminal device 40 (step S107).
- the terminal device 40 When the terminal device 40 receives data from the base station 20, the terminal device 40 performs various processing (reception processing, demodulation processing, and decoding processing) including first encoding and second encoding according to settings specified by the control information. Execute (step S107). Then, the terminal device 40 returns ACK or NACK to the base station 20 depending on whether the data decoding has succeeded or failed. In addition, it is desirable that the terminal device 40 change the setting of ARQ/HARQ processing depending on whether data decoding has succeeded or failed. For example, when decoding fails, the terminal device 40 uses the decoding result or data in the middle of decoding (soft decision value, Log Likelihood Ratio (LLR: Log Likelihood Ratio ), etc.) should be stored in memory. In the example of FIG. 13, the terminal device 40 fails in decoding, executes ARQ/HARQ processing (step S109), and returns NACK to the base station 20 (step S110).
- various processing reception processing, demodulation processing, and decoding processing
- Execute step S
- the base station 20 performs the next processing to be performed according to the response (ACK/NACK) received from the terminal device 40. For example, when a NACK notification is received, preparations are made for retransmission of ARQ/HARQ (step S111). Preparations for this retransmission include RV selection, MCS selection, radio resource selection, and the like. If an ACK is received from the terminal device 40, it means that the target data has been successfully transmitted and received, so the next new data communication is started.
- the base station 20 retransmits or implements downlink communication of new data according to ARQ/HARQ processing corresponding to the above responses (ACK/NACK). For this reason, the base station 20 notifies the target terminal device 40 of dynamic control information again, and performs downlink communication according to the setting.
- the base station 20 since the base station 20 has received a NACK from the terminal device 40 (step S110), it executes ARQ/HARQ processing (step S111) and sends dynamic control information to the terminal device 40 again. is notified (step S112). Upon receiving this dynamic control information, the terminal device 40 performs settings for proper reception of downlink communication according to the control information (step S113). The base station 20 performs first encoding, second encoding, and modulation on data for downlink communication to the terminal device 40 so as to match the control information notified to the terminal device 40 ( Step S114), the encoded and modulated data is retransmitted to the terminal device 40 (step S115).
- the terminal device 40 synthesizes data based on the retransmission signal (step S116), and performs the first encoding and the second encoding on the synthesized data according to the setting specified by the control information.
- Various processes (reception process, demodulation process, and decoding process) are executed (step S117).
- the terminal device 40 succeeds in decoding here, executes ARQ/HARQ processing (step S118), and returns ACK to the base station 20 (step S110).
- the base station 20 Upon receiving the ACK, the base station 20 executes ARQ/HARQ processing and shifts to next new data communication.
- the communication apparatus generates a plurality of bit sequences with different contents by applying a first encoding process based on a first error correction encoding scheme to a transmission data sequence, and converts a plurality of bit sequences into a plurality of bit sequences. By distributing and transmitting to each channel, high frequency utilization efficiency is realized while maintaining communication reliability. A specific method example for realizing this will be described below.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an overview of signal processing according to this embodiment.
- the signal processing of this embodiment will be specifically described with reference to FIG.
- a transmitting communication device divides a single data unit into multiple source bit blocks.
- a single data unit corresponds to one bit sequence (transmission data sequence) shown in FIG. 11, and multiple source bit blocks correspond to multiple source bit sequences shown in FIG.
- the transmitting communication device then generates a plurality of encoded bit blocks by first encoding the source bit blocks.
- a coded bit block corresponds to a plurality of bit sequences shown in FIG.
- the communication device on the transmitting side distributes the generated coded bit blocks to a plurality of available independent channels and transmits them to the communication device on the receiving side.
- a receiving communication device uses the bit blocks received from each independent channel to decode a single data unit.
- the data unit may be, for example, a PDU (Protocol Data Unit) or an SDU (Service Data Unit) handled by the PDCP layer, RLC layer, and MAC layer in the 3GPP standard.
- a data unit may be composed of a plurality of data units, or may be composed of divisions of a single data unit.
- the data unit may be defined in CW (Codeword) units of the PHY layer.
- Bit block unit division> A transmitting communication device divides a data unit into bit blocks of arbitrary size.
- a bit block is a group of bits generated by dividing a data unit into a plurality of pieces.
- the name bit block is only a temporary name in this embodiment, and the name may be another name, such as a symbol.
- the divided bit blocks are referred to as source bit blocks.
- a bit block is generated by dividing a single data unit.
- the size of the bitblock is determined based on prior information.
- the prior information may be, for example, information that the base station 20 transmits to the terminal device 40 as semi-static or dynamic control information.
- the prior information may include, for example, at least one of QoS, 5QI, MCS, header information added in higher layers, and frequency resource amount information used in the physical layer.
- prior information is not limited to these pieces of information.
- each generated bit block be equal.
- the size of each bit block may not be equal. Note that if the first encoding process requires bit blocks of the same size, the communication device divides the data unit so that the plurality of bit blocks have the same size. At this time, if the bit block size determined by the a priori information is not an integer multiple of the number of bits in the data unit, the communication device may make each bit block size uniform as shown below.
- the communication device separates the bit block from the data unit until the quotient of the data unit and the bit block size becomes an integer value that does not exceed the number of bits in the data unit.
- the communication device zero-pads the bits of the data unit left over after the processing until the bit block size is reached. This produces multiple bit blocks of equal size from the data unit. Note that the method for making each bit block size uniform is not limited to this.
- the transmitting communication device then encodes the plurality of bit blocks generated by dividing the data unit.
- the encoding process performed here corresponds to the above-described first encoding process.
- each of the plurality of bit blocks generated after the first encoding process is called an encoded bit block.
- the name coded bit block is only a temporary name in this embodiment, and the name may be another name.
- a coded bit block may be called a coded bit sequence or simply a bit sequence.
- a plurality of coded bit blocks may be composed of a source bit block and a parity bit block.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a specific example of the overall image of the signal processing shown in FIG. In the example of FIG. 15, 9 coded bit blocks are composed of 6 source bit blocks and 3 parity bit blocks. Note that the plurality of coded bit blocks need not necessarily include the source bit block as long as the communication layer on the receiving side can eventually decode the data data unit.
- each coded bit block may be a bit block in which parity bit sequences and source bit sequences are mixed.
- the source bit block is a bit block group generated by the data unit division process before encoding among the encoded bit blocks.
- a parity bit block is parity generated by the error correction encoding process included in the first encoding process.
- the names source bit block and parity bit block are only temporary names in this embodiment, and these names may be called by other names.
- a source bit block may paraphrase a source bit sequence.
- a parity bit block may also be called a parity bit sequence.
- the number of generated parity bit blocks may be determined based on information notified in advance.
- the information notified in advance may be, for example, information that the base station 20 transmits to the terminal device 40 as semi-static or dynamic control information. good.
- the information notified in advance may include, for example, at least one of QoS, 5QI, MCS, and information included in a header added in a higher layer.
- a unique ID for each bit block may be assigned to the encoded bit block so that the receiving side communication device can perform the decoding process correctly.
- This ID may be defined by a serial number, for example, for the coded bit block group generated by one-time first coding processing. This ID may be defined as overhead added during the first encoding process. Also, this ID may be defined by linking with other information defined by 3GPP (for example, SN (Sequence Number) given as a header in upper layer processing).
- SN Sequence Number
- a function that can detect errors for each bit block is added to multiple encoded bit blocks.
- This function may be, for example, CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) or checksum.
- CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
- checksum Checksum
- the transmitting communication device then distributes the coded bit blocks to the available channels.
- the communication device on the transmitting side may equally divide a plurality of coded bit blocks to be transmitted by the number of available channels and assign the same number of coded bit blocks to each channel. Also, the communication device on the transmitting side may obtain the state of available channels as prior information, and distribute the plurality of coded bit blocks to the plurality of channels based on the information.
- the channel in good condition may be, for example, a channel whose degree of erasure is smaller than a predetermined threshold or whose error rate is smaller than a predetermined threshold.
- a channel in poor condition may be, for example, a channel whose degree of erasure is greater than a predetermined threshold or whose error rate is greater than a predetermined threshold.
- channel A can perform higher-order modulation in the physical layer, it is possible to distribute more coded bit blocks.
- channel condition of channel B since the channel condition of channel B is not good, it is not desirable to apply high-order modulation. Therefore, the communication device on the transmitting side performs settings to the effect that higher-order modulation is applied to channel A than channel B, and more coded bit blocks than channel B are allocated to channel A.
- the transmission-side communication device may perform distribution processing using information other than the above. Examples of other information include the amount of available frequency resources.
- the communication device on the transmitting side acquires information on resource amounts available for transmission for each of a plurality of channels. Then, the transmission-side communication device distributes the plurality of coded bit blocks to the plurality of channels based on the obtained resource amount information. For example, a transmitting communication device distributes many coded bit blocks to channels with many available resources.
- the transmission-side communication device may distribute a plurality of coded bit blocks to a plurality of channels based on the amount of delay until transmission of each channel. For example, consider a case where communication is performed using dual connectivity. Now suppose that two independent channels are created using the main gNB and the secondary gNB. When multiple coded bit blocks are transmitted using a channel composed of a secondary gNB and a base station 20 (main gNB), some of the multiple coded bit blocks are transmitted from the main gNB to the secondary gNB. There is a need. Therefore, inter-base station communication between the main gNB and the secondary gNB is delayed, and a difference occurs in the transmission start time of the encoded bit block between the main gNB and the secondary gNB.
- main gNB base station 20
- the transmission-side communication device may distribute bit blocks to each independent channel in consideration of the delay due to communication between base stations. For example, a transmitting communication device allocates a smaller number of bit blocks to a high-delay channel than to a low-delay channel. Note that, when distribution is performed in consideration of delay, the amount of delay may be notified in advance from the management device 10 or the like, for example. Also, the transmission-side communication device may perform distribution processing with the amount of delay set as a fixed value.
- a transmitting communication device may combine multiple methods, including at least one of the above methods, to distribute multiple coded bit blocks to multiple channels.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a sequence example (basic form) of communication processing according to this embodiment.
- one or a plurality of base stations 20, one or a plurality of relay stations 30, or one or a plurality of terminal devices 40 are assumed as communication devices on the transmission side.
- a communication device on the receiving side for example, one terminal device 40 or one base station 20 is assumed.
- the example of FIG. 16 assumes that two independent channels are used to transmit the encoded bit blocks, the number of channels used is not limited to two.
- the base station 20 is the communication device on the transmission side and the terminal device 40 is the communication device on the reception side, but the communication devices on the transmission side and the reception side are not limited to this example.
- the base station 20 may be a communication device on the receiving side
- the terminal device 40 may be a communication device on the transmitting side.
- the following processing is executed by the control unit 23 of the base station 20 and the control unit 43 of the terminal device 40, for example.
- the communication processing of this embodiment will be described below with reference to the sequence example of FIG.
- the acquisition unit 233 of the base station 20 acquires information necessary for encoding (information on decoding processing), including information on bit blocks.
- the base station 20 determines the number of divisions and/or the number of generated bit blocks based on the acquired information (step S201).
- the information necessary for encoding may be used to determine information (1) to (4) below.
- the base station 20 may obtain these pieces of information from, for example, QoS, 5QI, MCS, header information added in higher layers, frequency resource amount information used in the physical layer, and the like.
- the transmission-side communication device may acquire the information necessary for this encoding from the transmission-side communication device.
- the communication device on the transmission side is the terminal device 40 and the communication device on the reception side is the base station 20.
- the acquisition unit 433 of the terminal device 40 may acquire information necessary for encoding from the base station 20 .
- the transmission unit 232 of the base station 20 transmits information necessary for decoding to the terminal device 40 (step S202).
- the acquisition unit 233 of the terminal device 40 acquires information necessary for decoding from the base station 20 .
- the base station 20 transmits in advance to the terminal device 40 information necessary for decoding by the terminal device 40 .
- Information necessary for decoding includes, for example, the following (1) to (5).
- Encoding table used in encoding (2) Number of bit block divisions (3) Divided bit block size (4) Total number of source bit blocks (5) Number of successfully received bit blocks at start of decoding
- the base station 20 may attach these pieces of information to the terminal device 40 as overhead, for example, to bit blocks instead of separately transmitting them to the terminal device 40 .
- the generator 234 of the base station 20 divides the data unit and encodes the bit blocks generated by the division, as described using FIG. 14, for example.
- the distributing unit 235 of the base station 20 distributes the encoded bitbooks, for example, as described using FIG. 14 (step S203).
- the base station 20 may add overhead in units of bit blocks to a plurality of bitbooks.
- the overhead includes, for example, the following information (1) to (3).
- the base station 20 does not necessarily need to add all of the above information as overhead. Also, the base station 20 may add information other than the above as overhead.
- the transmission unit 232 of the base station 20 uses a plurality of channels to transmit data including the encoded bit block (step S204).
- data to be transmitted for example, transport block unit data processed by the physical layer (for example, subjected to the second encoding) is assumed.
- the transmitted data may include multiple coded bit blocks.
- the transmission data may include a portion of a plurality of coded bit blocks.
- the receiving unit 231 of the terminal device 40 receives data including encoded bit blocks from a plurality of channels. Then, the terminal device 40 performs processing (for example, second decoding processing) on the received data in the physical layer, and uses the error detection function added to the encoded bit block to correct the encoded bit block. It is determined whether or not it has been received. At this time, the terminal device 40 may perform this error detection independently for each channel before storing the encoded bit block in the buffer.
- processing for example, second decoding processing
- the terminal device 40 When an error is detected in the encoded bit block, the terminal device 40 discards the encoded bit block. If the coded bit block is successfully received, the terminal device 40 stores the coded bit block in the buffer.
- the decoding start condition may be a condition determined based on the above information necessary for encoding (information on decoding processing). At least one of the following (C1) to (C2) is assumed as the decoding start condition, for example.
- (C1) When successfully receiving coded bit blocks equal to or greater than the number of source bit blocks notified in advance
- code equal to or less than the number of source bit blocks
- setting the decoding start condition as (C1) is effective from the viewpoint of efficiency.
- the communication device on the transmitting side may notify the communication device on the receiving side of information on the number of source bit blocks. This information may be indicated by the above-mentioned "information necessary for decoding", or may be indicated by overhead in units of bit blocks.
- the communication device on the transmitting side A rough decoding gain can be estimated from the number of coded bit blocks that reach the receiver.
- the transmission-side communication device may determine a number (threshold value) as a decoding start condition based on the estimated decoding gain. Then, the communication device on the receiving side may notify the communication device on the transmitting side of a number (threshold value) that serves as a decoding start condition.
- the decryption start conditions may include conditions other than the above.
- the communication device on the receiving side may combine a plurality of conditions including at least one of the above conditions to determine whether or not the decoding start condition is satisfied.
- the communication device on the receiving side may change the conditions for use according to the type and importance of the received data. For example, if the received data is control data, the communication device on the receiving side determines whether or not the decoding start condition is satisfied using the above condition (C2).
- the communication device may determine whether or not the decoding start condition is satisfied using the above condition (C1).
- the type and importance of data may be determined by the communication device based on 5QI and QoS, or may be set independently by the communication device.
- the decoding unit 437 of the terminal device 40 starts the first decoding process (step S206). At this time, if the decoding start criterion is satisfied, the decoding unit 437 starts the first decoding process even before the reception of all the encoded bit blocks is completed.
- the decoding determination unit 438 of the terminal device 40 determines whether the decoding success condition is satisfied (step S207). For example, at least one of the following (D1) to (D2) is assumed as the decoding success condition.
- the decoding success condition may include conditions other than the following.
- the decoding determination unit 438 may set the decoding success condition to the case where the decoded data unit does not include an error. If the decoding success condition is satisfied, the communication device on the receiving side may notify the communication device on the transmitting side of the decoding success. For example, the receiving communication device may report success if no errors are detected in the decoded data unit. In order for the communication device on the transmission side to detect errors in units of data units, the communication device on the transmission side adds a function that enables error detection to each data unit before dividing the data units. This function is, for example, CRC.
- the decoding determination unit 438 may issue a decoding success notification when the number of successfully received encoded bit blocks reaches a predetermined number.
- the communication device on the transmission side may notify the communication device on the reception side of the above number of pieces of information in advance. This information may be indicated by the above-mentioned "information necessary for decoding", or may be indicated by overhead in units of bit blocks.
- the decryption success condition may include conditions other than the above.
- the communication device on the receiving side may combine a plurality of conditions including at least one of the above conditions to determine whether the decoding success condition is satisfied.
- the communication device on the receiving side may change the conditions to be used depending on the type and importance of the received data. For example, if the received data is control data, the communication device on the receiving side determines whether or not the decoding start condition is satisfied using the above condition (D1). The communication device may determine whether or not the decoding start condition is satisfied using the condition (D2) above.
- the type and importance of data may be determined by the communication device based on 5QI and QoS, or may be set independently by the communication device.
- the start determination unit 436 of the terminal device 40 discards the output data during decoding, and the restart condition of the first decoding process (hereinafter referred to as the decoding restart condition) is satisfied. (Step S208).
- the start determination unit 436 may set the decoding restart condition to the case where the number of successfully received coded bit blocks is larger than the number at the time of decoding failure. In the first encoding process, the larger the number of bit blocks input at the time of decoding, the better the decoding gain. Therefore, if the number of successfully received coded bit blocks is larger than the number of unsuccessfully received coded bit blocks, there is a possibility that decoding will be successful by re-decoding.
- the start determination unit 436 may monitor a buffer that stores encoded bit blocks that have been successfully received in order to determine whether or not the conditions for resuming decoding have been satisfied. Note that, in this embodiment, the transmission-side communication device continues transmission of the encoded bit block until it receives a transmission success notification. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that the number of successfully received coded bit blocks increases even while the communication device on the receiving side is performing reception processing and coding processing.
- the decoding unit 437 of the terminal device 40 restarts the first decoding process (step S209). For example, when the number of successfully received coded bit blocks exceeds the number of decoding failures, the decoding unit 437 executes the first decoding process using the coded bit blocks stored in the buffer.
- the decoding determination unit 438 of the terminal device 40 determines again whether or not the decoding success condition is satisfied (step S210).
- the transmitting unit 232 of the terminal device 40 transmits a decoding success notification to the base station 20 (step S211).
- This success notification is a notification for controlling bit block transmission on the transmitting side.
- the base station 20 Upon receiving the decoding success notification, the base station 20 stops generating the encoded bit block and transmitting the encoded bit block (step S212).
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a sequence example (modification 1) of communication processing according to the present embodiment.
- the communication device on the receiving side performs error detection for each coded bit block, and then sends a response (ACK/NACK) as to whether or not each coded bit block was correctly received to the transmitting side. Send to a communication device.
- the transmission-side communication device can determine whether or not to continue transmission of encoded bit blocks without waiting for notification of the result of the decoding process by the reception-side communication device.
- the base station 20 is the communication device on the transmission side and the terminal device 40 is the communication device on the reception side. It is not limited to this example.
- the base station 20 may be a communication device on the receiving side
- the terminal device 40 may be a communication device on the transmitting side.
- the following processing is executed by the control unit 23 of the base station 20 and the control unit 43 of the terminal device 40, for example.
- the communication processing of this embodiment will be described below with reference to the sequence example of FIG.
- the acquisition unit 233 of the base station 20 acquires information necessary for encoding.
- the base station 20 determines the number of divisions and/or the number of generated bit blocks based on the acquired information (step S301).
- the transmitting unit 232 of the base station 20 transmits information necessary for decoding to the terminal device 40 (step S302).
- the acquisition unit 233 of the terminal device 40 acquires information necessary for decoding from the base station 20 .
- the generator 234 of the base station 20 divides the data units and encodes the bit blocks generated by the division. Then, the distribution unit 235 of the base station 20 distributes the encoded bitbook (step S303). Then, the transmission unit 232 of the base station 20 uses a plurality of channels to transmit data including the encoded bit block (step S304).
- the receiving unit 431 of the terminal device 40 receives data including encoded bit blocks from a plurality of channels. Then, the terminal device 40 performs the second decoding process on the received data, and uses the error detection function added to the encoded bit block to determine whether or not the encoded bit block has been correctly received. conduct. Then, the transmitting unit 232 of the terminal device 40 transmits ACK/NACK based on the determination result (step S306). An ACK is transmitted when the coded bit block is correctly received, and a NACK is transmitted when the coded bit block is not correctly received. The transmitting section 232 may transmit ACK/NACK each time the second decoding process is performed on the encoded bit block. The receiving unit 231 of the base station 20 receives ACK/NACK from the terminal device 40 . Note that if the coded bit block is received correctly, the terminal device 40 stores the coded bit block in the buffer.
- the start determination unit 236 of the base station 20 determines whether the decoding start condition is satisfied in the terminal device 40 (step S306). For example, the base station 20 shares information on the decoding start condition with the terminal device 40 in advance. Based on the ACK information received from the terminal device 40, the base station 20 determines whether the decoding start condition is satisfied. For example, the base station 20 may determine whether the decoding start condition is satisfied by counting the number of ACKs received from the terminal device 40 . If the decoding start condition is satisfied, the transmitter 232 of the base station 20 stops data transmission (step S307).
- the start determination unit 436 of the terminal device 40 also determines whether the decoding start condition is satisfied (step S308). When the decoding start condition is satisfied, the decoding unit 437 of the terminal device 40 starts the first decoding process (step S309). Then, the decoding determination unit 438 of the terminal device 40 determines whether the decoding success condition is satisfied (step S310).
- the terminal device 40 notifies the decryption failure (step S311). Upon receiving the failure notification, the transmission unit 432 of the base station 20 resumes transmission of the encoded bit block (step S312). Upon receiving the data, the terminal device 40 determines whether or not the encoded bit block has been correctly received. Then, the transmission unit 232 of the terminal device 40 transmits ACK/NACK based on the determination result (step S313).
- the transmission unit 432 of the base station 20 does not need to stop transmission of coded bit blocks when resuming transmission of coded bit blocks even when ACK is received.
- the transmitter 432 may stop transmitting coded bit blocks when ACK is received.
- the start determination unit 436 of the terminal device 40 determines whether the decoding restart condition is satisfied (step S314). If the decoding restart condition is satisfied, the decoding unit 437 of the terminal device 40 restarts the first decoding process (step S315).
- the decoding determination unit 438 of the terminal device 40 determines again whether or not the decoding success condition is satisfied (step S316). If the decoding success condition is satisfied, the transmitting unit 232 of the terminal device 40 transmits a decoding success notification to the base station 20 (step S317).
- the base station 20 Upon receiving the decoding success notification, the base station 20 stops generating the coded bit blocks and transmitting the coded bit blocks (step S318).
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a sequence example (modification 2) of communication processing according to the present embodiment.
- the communication device considers that the decoding success condition is satisfied and notifies the decoding success before the decoding actually succeeds. Specifically, as shown in (D2) above, when the number of successfully received coded bit blocks reaches a predetermined number, the communication device on the receiving side sends the terminal device on the transmitting side: decryption success notification. As a result, the transmission-side communication device can determine whether or not to continue transmission of encoded bit blocks without waiting for notification of the result of the decoding process by the reception-side communication device. In this example, the communication device on the receiving side does not necessarily need to perform error detection for each data unit after decoding. Therefore, in the example of FIG. 18, the communication device on the receiving side may omit providing the error detection function for each data unit. Whether or not to omit the error detection function may be determined by the communication device according to the type and importance of the transmission data.
- the method shown in FIG. 18 may be selected instead of the method shown in FIG.
- the communication device can ignore the delay due to retransmission and decoding processing, and can perform communication with lower delay.
- Whether or not data requires high reliability may be determined based on the type and importance of the data.
- the type and importance of data may be determined by the communication device based on 5QI or QoS, or may be determined by the communication device based on its own criteria.
- the base station 20 is the communication device on the transmission side and the terminal device 40 is the communication device on the reception side. It is not limited to this example.
- the base station 20 may be a communication device on the receiving side
- the terminal device 40 may be a communication device on the transmitting side.
- the following processing is executed by the control unit 23 of the base station 20 and the control unit 43 of the terminal device 40, for example.
- the communication processing of this embodiment will be described below with reference to the sequence example of FIG.
- the acquisition unit 233 of the base station 20 acquires information necessary for encoding.
- the base station 20 determines the number of divisions and/or the number of generated bit blocks based on the acquired information (step S401).
- the transmitting unit 232 of the base station 20 transmits information necessary for decoding to the terminal device 40 (step S402).
- the acquisition unit 233 of the terminal device 40 acquires information necessary for decoding from the base station 20 .
- the generator 234 of the base station 20 divides the data units and encodes the bit blocks generated by the division. Then, the distribution unit 235 of the base station 20 distributes the encoded bitbook (step S403). Then, the transmission unit 232 of the base station 20 uses a plurality of channels to transmit data including the encoded bit block (step S404).
- the receiving unit 231 of the terminal device 40 receives data including encoded bit blocks from a plurality of channels. Then, the terminal device 40 performs the second decoding process on the received data, and uses the error detection function added to the encoded bit block to determine whether or not the encoded bit block has been correctly received. conduct. Then, the terminal device 40 stores the correctly received encoded bit blocks in the buffer.
- the start determination unit 436 of the terminal device 40 determines whether the decoding start condition is satisfied (step S405).
- the transmitting unit 432 of the terminal device 40 transmits a notification that the decoding start condition is satisfied (hereinafter referred to as achievement notification) to the base station 20 (step S406).
- the transmission unit 432 may transmit a decoding success notification instead of the achievement notification to the base station 20 regardless of whether the decoding process has ended.
- the base station 20 may regard the achievement notification as the decoding success notification.
- the terminal device 40 may change the transmission conditions for the decoding success notification depending on the type and importance of the received data. For example, when the received data is control data, the transmitting unit 432 of the terminal device 40 notifies the base station 20 of the decoding success when the decoding is actually successful (when the decoding success condition is satisfied). . On the other hand, if the received data is user data, the transmission unit 432 notifies the base station 20 of the success of the decoding when the decoding start condition is satisfied, regardless of whether the decoding process is completed.
- the type and importance of data may be determined by the communication device based on 5QI and QoS, or may be independently set by the terminal device 40 or the base station 20 .
- the transmitting unit 232 of the base station 20 upon receiving the achievement notification (or decoding success notification), stops data transmission (step S407).
- the decoding unit 437 of the terminal device 40 starts the first decoding process (step S408). Then, the decoding determination unit 438 of the terminal device 40 determines whether the decoding success condition is satisfied (step S409).
- the terminal device 40 notifies the decryption failure (step S410). Upon receiving the failure notification, the transmission unit 432 of the base station 20 resumes transmission of the encoded bit block (step S411). Upon receiving the data, the terminal device 40 determines whether or not the encoded bit block has been correctly received. Then, the terminal device 40 stores the correctly received encoded bit blocks in the buffer.
- the start determination unit 436 of the terminal device 40 determines whether the decoding restart condition is satisfied (step S412). When the decoding restart condition is satisfied, the transmitting unit 432 of the terminal device 40 transmits a notification of completion of the decoding restart condition to the base station 20 . The transmitter 232 of the base station 20 stops data transmission upon receiving the achievement notification (step S414).
- the decoding unit 437 of the terminal device 40 restarts the first decoding process (step S415). Then, the decoding determination unit 438 of the terminal device 40 determines again whether or not the decoding success condition is satisfied (step 416). When the decoding success condition is satisfied, the transmitting unit 232 of the terminal device 40 transmits a decoding success notification to the base station 20 (step S417).
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a sequence example (modification 3) of communication processing according to the present embodiment.
- the communication device on the receiving side temporarily stores bit blocks received from all channels in a buffer before error detection is performed on an encoded bit block basis.
- bit block correct/wrong judgment can be performed independently for each channel, so that the configuration can be simplified when, for example, the communication device on the receiving side transmits ACK/NACK in coded bit block units. can be done.
- the acquisition unit 233 of the base station 20 acquires information necessary for encoding.
- the base station 20 determines the number of divisions and/or the number of generated bit blocks based on the acquired information (step S501).
- the transmitting unit 232 of the base station 20 transmits information necessary for decoding to the terminal device 40 (step S502).
- the acquisition unit 233 of the terminal device 40 acquires information necessary for decoding from the base station 20 .
- the generator 234 of the base station 20 divides the data units and encodes the bit blocks generated by the division. Then, the distribution unit 235 of the base station 20 distributes the encoded bitbook (step S503). Then, the transmission unit 232 of the base station 20 uses a plurality of channels to transmit data including the encoded bit block (step S504). Note that the transmitting unit 232 of the base station 20 may repeatedly transmit the same data.
- the receiving unit 231 of the terminal device 40 receives data including encoded bit blocks from a plurality of channels.
- the terminal device 40 performs this error detection after storing a plurality of coded bit blocks sent from a plurality of channels in one buffer. Specifically, the terminal device 40 temporarily stores a plurality of coded bit blocks included in a plurality of data received from each channel in a buffer. Then, the terminal device 40 executes the second decoding process on the data stored in the buffer, and uses the error detection function added to the coded bit block to determine whether the coded bit block has been correctly received. is determined (step S505). If an error is detected in the encoded bit block, the terminal device 40 discards the encoded bit block.
- the start determination unit 436 of the terminal device 40 determines whether the decoding start condition is satisfied (step S506).
- the decoding unit 437 of the terminal device 40 starts the first decoding process (step S507).
- the decoding determination unit 438 of the terminal device 40 determines whether the decoding success condition is satisfied (step S508).
- the start determination unit 436 of the terminal device 40 determines whether the decoding restart condition is satisfied (step S509). If the decoding restart condition is satisfied, the decoding unit 437 of the terminal device 40 restarts the first decoding process (step S510). Then, the decoding determination unit 438 of the terminal device 40 determines again whether or not the decoding success condition is satisfied (step 511). If the decoding success condition is satisfied, the transmitting unit 232 of the terminal device 40 transmits a decoding success notification to the base station 20 (step S512).
- the base station 20 Upon receiving the decoding success notification, the base station 20 stops generation of the encoded bit block and transmission of the encoded bit block (step S513).
- the configuration using this embodiment was evaluated by simulating the frequency utilization efficiency of communication.
- the superiority of the method using the first encoding process (upper layer FEC) of this embodiment is verified by simulation.
- a conventional technology to be compared is PDCP duplication.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an overview of the constructed simulation. This time, in order to focus on the frequency utilization efficiency of the proposed method, we built a simulation that extracted only the elements necessary for verification from the 5G protocol. Hereinafter, the device that executes the simulation will simply be referred to as an information processing device.
- the information processing device creates a transmission data block of arbitrary length using randomly generated bits. After that, the information processing device duplicates the transmission data block. The information processing device divides both transmission data blocks into equal lengths by the same procedure. Thereby, the information processing device creates an arbitrary number of bit blocks.
- the created bit block and its duplicate pass through separate erasure channels.
- the bit block erasure rate at this time is the same value for each erasure path, and its value is arbitrary. Bitblocks erased by the bitblock erasure channel are discarded on the fly. A bit block that has not been lost can be identified by the receiving side as to which bit block was transmitted for each channel.
- decryption processing is performed. Regarding multiple bit blocks sent on individual channels, even if one of the bit block and the duplicated bit block is lost, if the other bit block is not lost , the bit block is correctly received. If this can be correctly transmitted to all bit blocks constituting the transmission data block, the transmission of the transmission data block is successful. In other words, if the original bit block created from the transmission data block and the duplicated bit block are lost simultaneously in their respective individual channels, the transmission of the transmission data block fails regardless of the reception status of other bit blocks.
- the information processing device first creates an arbitrary number of bit blocks for transmission blocks composed of randomly generated bits. After that, Raptor encoding is performed using the generated bit block.
- the Raptor code is one of the error correction coding schemes assumed to be used in the first encoding process.
- the parameters of the Raptor code used at this time followed IETF RFC5053. Parity bit blocks generated by encoding pass through a separate channel from generated data blocks. At this time, it is assumed that the channel state and the processing of lost blocks are the same as in the conventional method, and similarly, it is assumed that the receiving side knows what order the received bit block was transmitted.
- Raptor decoding is performed using bit blocks correctly received through each channel. If the transmission data block can be decoded correctly, the transmission is successful.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the specifications of this simulation.
- the transmission data block size was 100 bits, and this was divided into bit blocks of 10 bits each.
- the channel erasure rate was set to be 10% and 0.1% for each transmission block, respectively.
- This simulator verifies how many parity bit blocks are required to obtain performance equivalent to that obtained with the conventional method based on the reliability obtained.
- the proposed method obtains the same reliability as the conventional method and the required total parity bit block length is shorter than the transmission data block, it can be evaluated that the proposed method improves the spectral efficiency over the conventional method.
- FIGS. 22 and 23 are diagrams showing simulation results. Specifically, FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the results of the total number of transmitted bit blocks versus the data unit error rate when the erasure rate is 10%. Also, FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the result of the total number of transmitted bit blocks versus the data unit error rate when the erasure rate is 0.1%.
- the total number of transmitted bit blocks is the sum of the number of source bit blocks and the number of parity bit blocks.
- the dashed line parallel to the horizontal axis shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 indicates that the conventional method achieves when the total number of bit blocks is 20 (10 transmission data bit blocks + 10 duplicate transmission source bit blocks). data unit error rate.
- the transmitting side communication device is the base station 20 and the receiving side communication device is the terminal device 40, but the transmitting side communication device and the receiving side communication device are not limited to this example.
- the communication device on the transmission side may be the terminal device 40 and the communication device on the reception side may be the base station 20 .
- the communication device on the transmission side may be the terminal device 40 and the communication device on the reception side may be the terminal device 40 .
- the communication device on the transmission side may be the base station 20 and the communication device on the reception side may be the base station 20 .
- the relay station 30 may be included in either or both of the communication device on the transmission side and the communication device on the reception side.
- a control device that controls the management device 10, the base station 20, the relay station 30, and the terminal device 40 of this embodiment may be realized by a dedicated computer system or by a general-purpose computer system.
- a communication program for executing the above operations is distributed by storing it in a computer-readable recording medium such as an optical disk, semiconductor memory, magnetic tape, or flexible disk.
- the control device is configured by installing the program in a computer and executing the above-described processing.
- the control device may be a device (for example, a personal computer) external to the management device 10, the base station 20, the relay station 30, and the terminal device 40.
- the control device may be a device inside the management device 10, the base station 20, the relay station 30, and the terminal device 40 (for example, the control unit 13, the control unit 23, the control unit 33, and the control unit 43).
- the above communication program may be stored in a disk device provided in a server device on a network such as the Internet, so that it can be downloaded to a computer.
- the functions described above may be realized through cooperation between an OS (Operating System) and application software.
- the parts other than the OS may be stored in a medium and distributed, or the parts other than the OS may be stored in a server device so that they can be downloaded to a computer.
- each component of each device illustrated is functionally conceptual and does not necessarily need to be physically configured as illustrated.
- the specific form of distribution and integration of each device is not limited to the illustrated one, and all or part of them can be functionally or physically distributed and integrated in arbitrary units according to various loads and usage conditions. Can be integrated and configured. Note that this distribution/integration configuration may be performed dynamically.
- the present embodiment can be applied to any configuration that constitutes a device or system, such as a processor as a system LSI (Large Scale Integration), a module using a plurality of processors, a unit using a plurality of modules, etc. Furthermore, it can also be implemented as a set or the like (that is, a configuration of a part of the device) to which other functions are added.
- a processor as a system LSI (Large Scale Integration)
- module using a plurality of processors a unit using a plurality of modules, etc.
- it can also be implemented as a set or the like (that is, a configuration of a part of the device) to which other functions are added.
- the system means a set of a plurality of components (devices, modules (parts), etc.), and it does not matter whether all the components are in the same housing. Therefore, a plurality of devices housed in separate housings and connected via a network, and a single device housing a plurality of modules in one housing, are both systems. .
- this embodiment can take a configuration of cloud computing in which one function is shared by a plurality of devices via a network and processed jointly.
- the communication device for example, base station 20 and terminal device 40
- a communication device generates a plurality of bit sequences with different contents by applying a predetermined encoding process based on a predetermined error correction coding scheme to a transmission data sequence. Then, the communication device distributes and transmits a plurality of bit sequences to a plurality of channels.
- the communication apparatus of this embodiment can achieve high frequency utilization efficiency while maintaining communication reliability.
- a communication device that performs wireless communication using a plurality of channels, a generation unit that generates a plurality of bit sequences with different contents by applying an encoding process based on a predetermined error correction encoding method to a transmission data sequence; a distribution unit that distributes the plurality of bit sequences to the plurality of channels;
- a communication device comprising: (2) The distribution unit distributes the plurality of bit sequences to the plurality of channels based on the channel state of each of the plurality of channels. The communication device according to (1) above. (3) The distributing unit distributes the plurality of bit sequences to a plurality of channels based on the amount of delay until transmission of each of the plurality of channels. The communication device according to (1) above.
- the distribution unit distributes the plurality of bit sequences to a plurality of channels based on the amount of resources available for transmission of each of the plurality of channels.
- the communication device according to (1) above.
- the generator generates a plurality of source bit sequences generated by dividing the transmission data sequence, and a plurality of parity bit sequences generated from the plurality of source bit sequences using the predetermined error correction coding scheme. generating the plurality of bit sequences based on The communication device according to any one of (1) to (4) above.
- an acquisition unit that acquires predetermined information from another communication device to which the bit sequence is transmitted, The generation unit determines the number of parity bit sequences to be generated based on the predetermined information.
- the communication device according to (5) above.
- a transmitter that transmits the plurality of bit sequences using the plurality of channels; a receiving unit that receives a response indicating whether or not the bit sequence has been successfully received from the other communication device; The transmission unit stops transmission of the plurality of bit sequences when it is determined that the other communication device satisfies the predetermined decoding start condition based on the response.
- the predetermined error correction coding scheme is erasure correction code, rateless code, fountain code, Tornado code, LT (Luby Transform) code, Raptor code, LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) code, BCH code, RS (Reed Solomon ) code, at least one of XOR (eXclusive OR) code is an error correction encoding method,
- the communication device according to any one of (1) to (8) above.
- a communication device that performs wireless communication using a plurality of channels, an acquisition unit that acquires information about decoding processing of a plurality of bit sequences with different content generated by applying encoding processing based on a predetermined error correction encoding method to a transmission data sequence; a receiving unit that receives at least one of the plurality of bit sequences distributed to the plurality of channels and transmitted; a decoding unit that performs the decoding process on the transmission data sequence of at least one of the plurality of received bit sequences based on the information about the decoding process;
- a communication device comprising: (11) a start determination unit that determines whether to start the decoding process based on a predetermined start criterion for starting the decoding process; The decoding unit starts the recording/decoding process when the predetermined start criterion is satisfied.
- the communication device according to (10) above. (12) a decoding determination unit that determines whether the decoding process has succeeded, When the decoding process is unsuccessful, the decoding unit performs the decoding process using a larger number of the bit sequences than when the decoding process is unsuccessful.
- the communication device according to (11) above. (13)
- the start determination unit determines whether to start the decoding process based on information about the decoding process.
- the communication device according to (11) or (12).
- the start determination unit determines whether to start the decoding process based on whether the number of bit sequences received so far among the plurality of bit sequences has reached a predetermined number, The communication device according to any one of (11) to (13) above.
- a notification unit that, after it is determined to start the decoding process, notifies another communication device that has transmitted the bit sequence that the decoding process has succeeded, regardless of whether or not the decoding process has ended.
- the notification unit determines whether the decoding process is completed after it is determined that the decoding process is to be started when the transmission data sequence from which the plurality of bit sequences are generated is data that satisfies a predetermined criterion. Notifying the other communication device of the success of the decoding process regardless of whether The communication device according to (15) above.
- the notification unit If the transmission data sequence is user data, after it is determined to start the decoding process, regardless of whether or not the decoding process is completed, the other communication device is notified of the success of the decoding process. notify notice, If the transmission data sequence is control data, after the decoding process is successful, notifying the other communication device of the success of the decoding process;
- the communication device according to (16) above. (18) A communication method for wireless communication using a plurality of channels, a generation unit that generates a plurality of bit sequences with different contents by applying an encoding process based on a predetermined error correction encoding method to a transmission data sequence; distributing the plurality of bit sequences to the plurality of channels; Communication method.
- a communication method for wireless communication using a plurality of channels Acquiring information about decoding processing of a plurality of bit sequences with different contents generated by applying encoding processing based on a predetermined error correction encoding method to a transmission data sequence, receiving at least one of the plurality of bit sequences distributed to the plurality of channels and transmitted; performing the decoding process on at least one of the plurality of received bit sequences to the transmission data sequence based on the information about the decoding process; Communication method.
- a communication system comprising a first communication device and a second communication device each performing wireless communication using a plurality of channels
- the first communication device is a generation unit that generates a plurality of bit sequences with different contents by applying an encoding process based on a predetermined error correction encoding method to a transmission data sequence; a distribution unit that distributes the plurality of bit sequences to the plurality of channels
- the second communication device is an acquisition unit that acquires information about decoding processing of the plurality of bit sequences; a receiving unit that receives at least one of the plurality of bit sequences distributed to the plurality of channels and transmitted; a decoding unit that performs the decoding process on the transmission data sequence of at least one of the plurality of received bit sequences based on the information about the decoding process; communication system.
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Abstract
Description
LTE(Long Term Evolution)、NR(New Radio)等の無線アクセス技術(RAT:Radio Access Technology)が3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project)で検討されている。LTE及びNRは、セルラー通信技術の一種であり、基地局がカバーするエリアをセル状に複数配置することで端末装置の移動通信を可能にする。このとき、単一の基地局は複数のセルを管理してもよい。
まず、PDCPデュプリケーションについて説明する。図1は、PDCPデュプリケーションを説明するための図である。PDCPデュプリケーションは、PDCP層で定義されている、通信の信頼性向上を目的とした技術である。PDCPデュプリケーションは、パケットデュプリケーションの一種である。
次に、複数データユニットを対象とした消失訂正符号適用技術について説明する。非特許文献2にはIAB(Integrated access and backhaul)でネットワークコーディングを適用することが記述されている。ここでのネットワークコーディングは、例えば、所定の消失訂正符号でパケットを符号化することを指す。図2は、IAB領域でのネットワークコーディング適用例を示す図である。図2の例では、IABドナー(IAB Donor)にデータを送信するための経路が、複数のIABノード(IAB node)により構成されている。図2の例では、コーディングされたデータを受け取ったIABノード1が、複数の経路にデータを分配して送信している。分配されたデータは、単一のIABドナーに集約される。そして、基地局(IABドナー)と端末(UE)との間でのデータの送信が開始される。
以下、図面を参照しながら通信システム1の構成を具体的に説明する。
図3は、本開示の実施形態に係る通信システム1の構成例を示す図である。通信システム1は、管理装置10と、基地局20と、中継局30と、端末装置40と、を備える。通信システム1は、通信システム1を構成する各無線通信装置が連携して動作することで、ユーザに対し、移動通信が可能な無線ネットワークを提供する。本実施形態の無線ネットワークは、例えば、無線アクセスネットワークとコアネットワークとで構成される。なお、本実施形態において、無線通信装置は、無線通信の機能を有する装置のことであり、図3の例では、基地局20、中継局30、及び端末装置40が該当する。
次に、管理装置10の構成を説明する。
次に、基地局20の構成を説明する。
次に、中継局30の構成を説明する。
次に、端末装置40の構成を説明する。
以上、本実施形態の通信システム1の構成を説明したが、次に、本実施形態の信号処理について説明する。
まず、通信システム1の動作の概要を説明する。
図8及び図9は、本実施形態の信号処理の概要を示す図である。図8は、送信側の通信装置の信号処理の概要を示す図であり、図9は、受信側の通信装置の信号処理の概要を示す図である。基地局20、中継局30、及び端末装置40のいずれもが、送信側又は受信側の通信装置となりうる。本実施形態では、通信装置は、送受信の対象となる情報系列に対して、複数の誤り訂正(FEC:Forward Error Correction)に関する処理を適用する。
以下、第1の符号化処理、第2の符号化処理について説明する。なお、第1の復号処理及び第2の復号処理は、それぞれ第1の符号化処理、又は第2の符号化処理に対応する処理であるので説明を省略する。
図10は、第1の符号化処理を説明するための図である。第1の符号化処理では、一のビット系列から複数のビット系列が生成される。ここで、第1の符号化処理への入力となる一のビット系列は、上述の送信データ系列に対応する。なお、第1の符号化処理において、通信装置は、出力された複数のビット系列を、送信しなければならない一又は複数の第1のビット系列と、送信しなくても復号が可能な一又は複数の第2のビット系列と、に分けてもよい。そして、通信装置は、一又は複数の第1のビット系列と、一又は複数の第2のビット系列の中から選択された一又は複数の第3のビット系列と、を出力する複数のビット系列としてもよい。
(A2)レートレス符号
(A3)噴水符号
(A4)Tornado符号
(A5)LT符号(Luby Transform Codes)
(A6)Raptor符号
(A7)RaptorQ符号
(A8)LDPC符号(Low Density Parity Check Codes)
(A9)BCH符号
(A10)RS符号(Reed Solomon Codes)
(A11)XOR符号(eXclusive OR Codes)
図12は、第2の符号化処理を説明するための図である。第2の符号化処理では、一のビット系列(データ系列)から一のビット系列を生成する。具体的には、通信装置は、入力された一のビット系列(データ系列)にパリティ系列を付加することで、出力となる一のビット系列を生成する。なお、図12に示した例は、あくまで一例であり第2の符号化処理は図12に示した例に限られない。
(B2)ターボ符号
(B3)LDPC符号
(B4)ポーラ符号
次に、本実施形態の符号化に関する手順例を説明する。図13は、符号化に関する手順例を示すシーケンス図である。なお、図13に示す手順例はあくまで一例であり、本実施形態はこの手順例に限定されるものではない。また、図13では、基地局20から端末装置40への下りリンク通信が示されているが、本実施形態で開示の技術は他の通信(例えば、端末装置40から基地局20への上りリンク通信)にも適用可能である。以下、図13のシーケンス図を参照しながら、本実施形態の符号化に関する手順例を説明する。
(2)時間リソース(例えば、サブフレーム(Subframe)、スロット(Slot)、ミニスロット(Mini-slot)、シンボル(Symbol)等)
(3)空間リソース(例えば、アンテナ(Antenna)、アンテナポート(Antenna Port)、空間レイヤ(Spatial Layer)、空間ストリーム(Spatial Stream)等)
(4)所定の通信(例えば、NOMA(Non-orthogonal Multiple Access)、MUST(Multiuser Superposition Transmission)、IDMA(Interleave Division Multiple Access)、CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access)等)に関する非直交リソース(例えば、電力に関するリソース、インタリーブパターン、スクランブルパターン、拡散パターン等)
(5)変調レベル(Modulation Order)及び第2の符号化の符号化率(Code Rate)に関する情報(例えば、MCS(Modulation and Coding Set)等)
(6)第1の符号化で使用される誤り訂正符号化方式
(7)第1の符号化の符号化率に関する情報
(8)ARQ/HARQに関する設定(例えば、NDI(New Data Indicator)、RV(Redundancy Version)等)
次に、通信システム1の動作を詳細に説明する。
まず、本実施形態の信号処理の全体像を説明する。
送信側の通信装置は、データユニットを任意サイズのビットブロックに分割する。ここで、ビットブロックは、データユニットを複数個に分割することで生成されるビット群のことである。ビットブロックという名称は本実施形態での一時的な呼称に過ぎず、その名称は、例えばシンボルなど、他の呼び方であってもよい。以下の説明では、分割されたビットブロックのことをソースビットブロックという。
次に、送信側の通信装置は、データユニットを分割することにより生成された複数のビットブロックを符号化する。ここで行われる符号化処理は前述の第1の符号化処理に該当する。以下の説明では、第1の符号化処理後により生成された複数のビットブロックそれぞれを符号化ビットブロックとよぶ。符号化ビットブロックという名称は本実施形態での一時的な呼称に過ぎず、その名称は、他の呼び方であってもよい。例えば、符号化ビットブロックは、符号化ビット系列と言い換えてもよいし、単にビット系列と言い換えてもよい。
次に、送信側の通信装置は、複数の符号化ビットブロックを使用可能な複数のチャネルに分配する。送信側の通信装置は、送信対象の複数の符号化ビットブロックを使用可能チャネル数で等分し、同じ数の符号化ビットブロックを各チャネルに割り当ててもよい。また、送信側の通信装置は、使用可能なチャネルの状態を事前情報として取得し、その情報に基づいて複数の符号化ビットブロックを複数のチャネルに分配してもよい。
次に、本実施形態の通信処理のシーケンス例を説明する。まず、基本形となるシーケンス例を説明する。図16は、本実施形態の通信処理のシーケンス例(基本形)を示す図である。
(2)ビットブロック分割数
(3)分割ビットブロックサイズ
(4)ビットブロック分配
(2)ビットブロック分割数
(3)分割ビットブロックサイズ
(4)総ソースビットブロック数
(5)復号開始受信成功ビットブロック数
(2)ID
(3)符号化テーブル
第1の誤り訂正符号化方式の場合(特に消失訂正符号の場合)、ソースビットブロック数以下の符号化ビットブロックを用いて復号を行っても十分な性能が得られない。そのため、復号開始条件を(C1)のように定めることは効率の観点から有効である。この場合、送信側の通信装置は、受信側の通信装置に対して、ソースビットブロック数の情報を通知してもよい。この情報は、上述の「復号に必要な情報」により通知されてもよいし、ビットブロック単位のオーバーヘッドにより通知されてもよい。
第1の誤り訂正符号化方式の場合(特に消失訂正符号の場合)、送信側の通信装置は、受信側に届いた符号化ビットブロックの個数で大まかな復号利得を推測することが可能である。送信側の通信装置は、推測された復号利得に基づいて、復号開始条件となる数(閾値)を定めてもよい。そして、受信側の通信装置は、送信側の通信装置に対して復号開始条件となる数(閾値)を通知してもよい。
復号判定部438は、復号したデータユニット内にエラーが含まれない場合を復号成功条件としてもよい。復号成功条件が満たされた場合、受信側の通信装置は、送信側の通信装置に対して復号の成功通知を行ってもよい。例えば、受信側の通信装置は、復号されたデータユニットに誤りが検出されなかった場合に成功通知を行ってもよい。送信側の通信装置がデータユニット単位で誤りを検出するために、送信側の通信装置は、データユニット分割前に、データユニットそれぞれに対して、誤りを検出できるような機能を付与する。この機能は、例えば、CRCである。
なお、復号判定部438は、実際に復号が成功する前に、復号成功条件が満たされたものとみなして、復号成功通知を行ってもよい。例えば、復号判定部438は、受信が成功した符号化ビットブロックの個数があらかじめ定められた個数に到達した場合に復号成功通知を行ってもよい。この場合、送信側の通信装置は、上記個数の情報を予め受信側の通信装置に通知してもよい。この情報は、上述の「復号に必要な情報」により通知されてもよいし、ビットブロック単位のオーバーヘッドにより通知されてもよい。
次に、図16に示したシーケンス例(基本形)の変形例を説明する。図17は、本実施形態の通信処理のシーケンス例(変形例1)を示す図である。
次に、図16に示したシーケンス例(基本形)の他の変形例を説明する。図18は、本実施形態の通信処理のシーケンス例(変形例2)を示す図である。
次に、図16に示したシーケンス例(基本形)の他の変形例を説明する。図19は、本実施形態の通信処理のシーケンス例(変形例3)を示す図である。
次に、本実施形態に開示の技術の信頼性評価の結果を説明する。ここでは、本実施形態を用いた構成と従来手法を用いた構成との比較を示す。
上述の実施形態は一例を示したものであり、種々の変更及び応用が可能である。
以上説明したように、本開示の一実施形態によれば、本実施形態の通信装置(例えば、基地局20、及び端末装置40)は、複数のチャネルを用いて無線通信を行う。通信装置は、所定の誤り訂正符号化方式に基づく所定の符号化処理を送信データ系列に適用することで内容の異なる複数のビット系列を生成する。そして、通信装置は、複数のビット系列を複数のチャネルに分配して送信する。これにより、本実施形態の通信装置は、通信の信頼性を維持しつつ、高い周波数利用効率を実現できる。
(1)
複数のチャネルを用いて無線通信を行う通信装置であって、
所定の誤り訂正符号化方式に基づく符号化処理を送信データ系列に適用することで内容の異なる複数のビット系列を生成する生成部と、
前記複数のビット系列を前記複数のチャネルに分配する分配部と、
を備える通信装置。
(2)
前記分配部は、前記複数のチャネルそれぞれのチャネル状態に基づいて、前記複数のビット系列を前記複数のチャネルに分配する、
前記(1)に記載の通信装置。
(3)
前記分配部は、前記複数のチャネルそれぞれの送信までの遅延量に基づいて、前記複数のビット系列を複数のチャネルに分配する、
前記(1)に記載の通信装置。
(4)
前記分配部は、前記複数のチャネルそれぞれの送信に使用可能なリソース量に基づいて、前記複数のビット系列を複数のチャネルに分配する、
前記(1)に記載の通信装置。
(5)
前記生成部は、前記送信データ系列を分割して生成される複数のソースビット系列と、前記複数のソースビット系列から前記所定の誤り訂正符号化方式を使って生成される複数のパリティビット系列と、に基づいて前記複数のビット系列を生成する、
前記(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の通信装置。
(6)
前記ビット系列の送信相手となる他の通信装置から、所定の情報を取得する取得部、を備え、
前記生成部は、前記所定の情報に基づいて、生成する前記パリティビット系列の個数を決定する、
前記(5)に記載の通信装置。
(7)
所定の復号開始条件が満たされた場合に、前記複数のビット系列の全てのビット系列の受信を完了する前であっても前記複数のビット系列の復号処理を開始する他の通信装置に対して、前記複数のチャネルを使って、前記複数のビット系列を送信する送信部と、
前記他の通信装置から前記ビット系列の受信が成功したか否かを示す応答を受信する受信部と、を備え、
前記送信部は、前記応答に基づいて前記他の通信装置が前記所定の復号開始条件を満たしたと判断される場合には、前記複数のビット系列の送信を停止する、
前記(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載の通信装置。
(8)
前記複数のビット系列の全てのビット系列の受信を完了する前であっても前記複数のビット系列の復号処理を開始する他の通信装置に対して、前記複数のチャネルを使って、前記複数のビット系列を送信する送信部、を備え、
前記送信部は、前記他の通信装置から前記復号処理の成功通知を受信した場合には、前記複数のビット系列の送信を停止する、
前記(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載の通信装置。
(9)
前記所定の誤り訂正符号化方式は、消失訂正符号、レートレス符号、噴水符号、Tornado符号、LT(Luby Transform)符号、Raptor符号、LDPC(Low Density Parity Check)符号、BCH符号、RS(Reed Solomon)符号、XOR(eXclusive OR)符号のうちの少なくとも一つの誤り訂正符号化方式である、
前記(1)~(8)のいずれかに記載の通信装置。
(10)
複数のチャネルを用いて無線通信を行う通信装置であって、
所定の誤り訂正符号化方式に基づく符号化処理を送信データ系列に適用することで生成された内容の異なる複数のビット系列の復号処理に関する情報を取得する取得部と、
前記複数のチャネルに分配されて送信された前記複数のビット系列の少なくとも一つを受信する受信部と、
前記復号処理に関する情報に基づいて、受信した前記複数のビット系列の少なくとも一つの前記送信データ系列への前記復号処理を行う復号部と、
を備える通信装置。
(11)
前記復号処理の開始に関する所定の開始基準に基づいて前記復号処理を開始するか否かの判定を行う開始判定部、を備え、
前記復号部は、前記所定の開始基準が満たされた場合には、記復号処理を開始する、
前記(10)に記載の通信装置。
(12)
前記復号処理が成功したか否かの判定を行う復号判定部、を備え、
前記復号部は、前記復号処理が成功しなかった場合には、前記復号処理が成功しなかった場合よりも多くの前記ビット系列を用いて、前記復号処理を実行する、
前記(11)に記載の通信装置。
(13)
前記開始判定部は、前記復号処理に関する情報に基づいて、前記復号処理を開始するか否かの判定を行う、
前記(11)又は(12)に記載の通信装置。
(14)
前記開始判定部は、前記複数のビット系列のうち現在までに受信したビット系列の数が所定の数に達しているか否かに基づいて、前記復号処理を開始するか否かの判定を行う、
前記(11)~(13)のいずれかに記載の通信装置。
(15)
前記復号処理を開始すると判定された後、前記復号処理が終了したか否かに関わらず、前記ビット系列を送信した他の通信装置に対して、前記復号処理の成功通知を行う通知部、を備える、
前記(11)~(14)のいずれかに記載の通信装置。
(16)
前記通知部は、前記複数のビット系列の生成元となった前記送信データ系列が所定の基準を満たすデータの場合に、前記復号処理を開始すると判定された後、前記復号処理が終了したか否かに関わらず、前記他の通信装置に対して、前記復号処理の成功通知を行う、
前記(15)に記載の通信装置。
(17)
前記通知部は、
前記送信データ系列がユーザデータの場合には、前記復号処理を開始すると判定された後、前記復号処理が終了したか否かに関わらず、前記他の通信装置に対して、前記復号処理の成功通知を通知し、
前記送信データ系列がコントロールデータの場合には、前記復号処理が成功した後、前記他の通信装置に対して、前記復号処理の成功通知を行う、
前記(16)に記載の通信装置。
(18)
複数のチャネルを用いた無線通信の通信方法であって、
所定の誤り訂正符号化方式に基づく符号化処理を送信データ系列に適用することで内容の異なる複数のビット系列を生成する生成部と、
前記複数のビット系列を前記複数のチャネルに分配する、
通信方法。
(19)
複数のチャネルを用いた無線通信の通信方法であって、
所定の誤り訂正符号化方式に基づく符号化処理を送信データ系列に適用することで生成された内容の異なる複数のビット系列の復号処理に関する情報を取得し、
前記複数のチャネルに分配されて送信された前記複数のビット系列の少なくとも一つを受信し、
前記復号処理に関する情報に基づいて、受信した前記複数のビット系列の少なくとも一つの前記送信データ系列への前記復号処理を行う、
通信方法。
(20)
それぞれ複数のチャネルを用いて無線通信を行う第1の通信装置及び第2の通信装置を備える通信システムであって、
前記第1の通信装置は、
所定の誤り訂正符号化方式に基づく符号化処理を送信データ系列に適用することで内容の異なる複数のビット系列を生成する生成部と、
前記複数のビット系列を前記複数のチャネルに分配する分配部と、を備え、
前記第2の通信装置は、
前記複数のビット系列の復号処理に関する情報を取得する取得部と、
前記複数のチャネルに分配されて送信された前記複数のビット系列の少なくとも一つを受信する受信部と、
前記復号処理に関する情報に基づいて、受信した前記複数のビット系列の少なくとも一つの前記送信データ系列への前記復号処理を行う復号部と、
を備える通信システム。
10 管理装置
20 基地局
30 中継局
40 端末装置
11 通信部
21、31、41 無線通信部
12、22、32、42 記憶部
13、23、33、43 制御部
211、311、411 送信処理部
212、312、412 受信処理部
213、313、413 アンテナ
231、431 受信部
232、432 送信部
233、433 取得部
234、434 生成部
235、435 分配部
236、436 開始判定部
237、437 復号部
238、438 復号判定部
Claims (20)
- 複数のチャネルを用いて無線通信を行う通信装置であって、
所定の誤り訂正符号化方式に基づく符号化処理を送信データ系列に適用することで内容の異なる複数のビット系列を生成する生成部と、
前記複数のビット系列を前記複数のチャネルに分配する分配部と、
を備える通信装置。 - 前記分配部は、前記複数のチャネルそれぞれのチャネル状態に基づいて、前記複数のビット系列を前記複数のチャネルに分配する、
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記分配部は、前記複数のチャネルそれぞれの送信までの遅延量に基づいて、前記複数のビット系列を複数のチャネルに分配する、
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記分配部は、前記複数のチャネルそれぞれの送信に使用可能なリソース量に基づいて、前記複数のビット系列を複数のチャネルに分配する、
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記生成部は、前記送信データ系列を分割して生成される複数のソースビット系列と、前記複数のソースビット系列から前記所定の誤り訂正符号化方式を使って生成される複数のパリティビット系列と、に基づいて前記複数のビット系列を生成する、
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記ビット系列の送信相手となる他の通信装置から、所定の情報を取得する取得部、を備え、
前記生成部は、前記所定の情報に基づいて、生成する前記パリティビット系列の個数を決定する、
請求項5に記載の通信装置。 - 所定の復号開始条件が満たされた場合に、前記複数のビット系列の全てのビット系列の受信を完了する前であっても前記複数のビット系列の復号処理を開始する他の通信装置に対して、前記複数のチャネルを使って、前記複数のビット系列を送信する送信部と、
前記他の通信装置から前記ビット系列の受信が成功したか否かを示す応答を受信する受信部と、を備え、
前記送信部は、前記応答に基づいて前記他の通信装置が前記所定の復号開始条件を満たしたと判断される場合には、前記複数のビット系列の送信を停止する、
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記複数のビット系列の全てのビット系列の受信を完了する前であっても前記複数のビット系列の復号処理を開始する他の通信装置に対して、前記複数のチャネルを使って、前記複数のビット系列を送信する送信部、を備え、
前記送信部は、前記他の通信装置から前記復号処理の成功通知を受信した場合には、前記複数のビット系列の送信を停止する、
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記所定の誤り訂正符号化方式は、消失訂正符号、レートレス符号、噴水符号、Tornado符号、LT(Luby Transform)符号、Raptor符号、LDPC(Low Density Parity Check)符号、BCH符号、RS(Reed Solomon)符号、XOR(eXclusive OR)符号のうちの少なくとも一つの誤り訂正符号化方式である、
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 複数のチャネルを用いて無線通信を行う通信装置であって、
所定の誤り訂正符号化方式に基づく符号化処理を送信データ系列に適用することで生成された内容の異なる複数のビット系列の復号処理に関する情報を取得する取得部と、
前記複数のチャネルに分配されて送信された前記複数のビット系列の少なくとも一つを受信する受信部と、
前記復号処理に関する情報に基づいて、受信した前記複数のビット系列の少なくとも一つの前記送信データ系列への前記復号処理を行う復号部と、
を備える通信装置。 - 前記復号処理の開始に関する所定の開始基準に基づいて前記復号処理を開始するか否かの判定を行う開始判定部、を備え、
前記復号部は、前記所定の開始基準が満たされた場合には、前記復号処理を開始する、
請求項10に記載の通信装置。 - 前記復号処理が成功したか否かの判定を行う復号判定部、を備え、
前記復号部は、前記復号処理が成功しなかった場合には、前記復号処理が成功しなかった場合よりも多くの前記ビット系列を用いて、前記復号処理を実行する、
請求項11に記載の通信装置。 - 前記開始判定部は、前記復号処理に関する情報に基づいて、前記復号処理を開始するか否かの判定を行う、
請求項11に記載の通信装置。 - 前記開始判定部は、前記複数のビット系列のうち現在までに受信したビット系列の数が所定の数に達しているか否かに基づいて、前記復号処理を開始するか否かの判定を行う、
請求項11に記載の通信装置。 - 前記復号処理を開始すると判定された後、前記復号処理が終了したか否かに関わらず、前記ビット系列を送信した他の通信装置に対して、前記復号処理の成功通知を行う通知部、を備える、
請求項11に記載の通信装置。 - 前記通知部は、前記複数のビット系列の生成元となった前記送信データ系列が所定の基準を満たすデータの場合に、前記復号処理を開始すると判定された後、前記復号処理が終了したか否かに関わらず、前記他の通信装置に対して、前記復号処理の成功通知を行う、
請求項15に記載の通信装置。 - 前記通知部は、
前記送信データ系列がユーザデータの場合には、前記復号処理を開始すると判定された後、前記復号処理が終了したか否かに関わらず、前記他の通信装置に対して、前記復号処理の成功通知を通知し、
前記送信データ系列がコントロールデータの場合には、前記復号処理が成功した後、前記他の通信装置に対して、前記復号処理の成功通知を行う、
請求項16に記載の通信装置。 - 複数のチャネルを用いた無線通信の通信方法であって、
所定の誤り訂正符号化方式に基づく符号化処理を送信データ系列に適用することで内容の異なる複数のビット系列を生成する生成部と、
前記複数のビット系列を前記複数のチャネルに分配する、
通信方法。 - 複数のチャネルを用いた無線通信の通信方法であって、
所定の誤り訂正符号化方式に基づく符号化処理を送信データ系列に適用することで生成された内容の異なる複数のビット系列の復号処理に関する情報を取得し、
前記複数のチャネルに分配されて送信された前記複数のビット系列の少なくとも一つを受信し、
前記復号処理に関する情報に基づいて、受信した前記複数のビット系列の少なくとも一つの前記送信データ系列への前記復号処理を行う、
通信方法。 - それぞれ複数のチャネルを用いて無線通信を行う第1の通信装置及び第2の通信装置を備える通信システムであって、
前記第1の通信装置は、
所定の誤り訂正符号化方式に基づく符号化処理を送信データ系列に適用することで内容の異なる複数のビット系列を生成する生成部と、
前記複数のビット系列を前記複数のチャネルに分配する分配部と、を備え、
前記第2の通信装置は、
前記複数のビット系列の復号処理に関する情報を取得する取得部と、
前記複数のチャネルに分配されて送信された前記複数のビット系列の少なくとも一つを受信する受信部と、
前記復号処理に関する情報に基づいて、受信した前記複数のビット系列の少なくとも一つの前記送信データ系列への前記復号処理を行う復号部と、
を備える通信システム。
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See also references of EP4318994A4 |
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EP4318994A4 (en) | 2024-10-02 |
JPWO2022209257A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
US20240195525A1 (en) | 2024-06-13 |
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