Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
  • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
  • B61L5/06—Electric devices for operating points or scotch-blocks, e.g. using electromotive driving means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
  • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
  • B61L5/06—Electric devices for operating points or scotch-blocks, e.g. using electromotive driving means
  • B61L5/062—Wiring diagrams
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
  • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
  • B61L5/06—Electric devices for operating points or scotch-blocks, e.g. using electromotive driving means
  • B61L5/065—Construction of driving mechanism

Definitions

• the technical solution relates to the connection of a single-phase electromotive point machine in the area of rail transport to provide the functions of a railway switch.
• An electromotive point machine is an electromechanical or electro- hydraulic machine that provides the switching, holding, protection, control and manual emergency control functions for a railway switch.
• the point machine includes a motor that participates in the switching function, it can be powered by AC single-phase, AC three-phase or DC voltage.
• Another part of the point machine which is related to the described technical solution, is a set of switching contacts, whose state depends on the current position of the point machine (in one or the other end position or in the intermediate position).
• the point machines require the motor to rotate alternately in one direction and the other for their function. In the case of supplying single-phase point machines, this is solved in such a way that the point machine is supplied by three supply conductors.
• One supply conductor N (Fig.
• phase conductor L1 is used for supply when the motor rotates in one direction and one phase conductor L2 for supply when the motor rotates in the other direction.
• These supply conductors L1 , L2 are connected to the three motor terminals via the internal contacts S1, S2 of the point machine, ensuring disconnection of the supply voltage from the motor in the end position of the point machine.
• the motor has two stator windings V1 , V2, each for one direction of rotation, and a rotor powered via a commutator.
• the well-known current connection of a motor with two stator windings and a rotor with a commutator is shown in Fig. 1.
• This motor design has several disadvantages.
• Two stator windings V1 , V2 require twice as much copper for their production, the production of a rotor with a commutator requires a lot of manual work in assembling and soldering the windings to the commutator lamellas, both of which increase the price of such a motor.
• the rotor and the rotor brushes are worn down, the rotor becomes clogged with dirt and has to be regularly maintained and cleaned, making it more expensive to operate.
• the present technical solution relates to connection of an electromotive point machine with a single-phase asynchronous motor with a run capacitor.
• the principle of the solution is that the motor of the point machine is connected by its first lead of the main stator winding of the asynchronous motor of the point machine to a circuit with two contactors and a circuit with internal contacts of the point machine, which is connected via the respective internal contacts to the corresponding phase supply conductors of the point machine, where the second lead of the main stator winding of the point machine motor is connected to one pole of the capacitor of the point machine motor and at the same time to the neutral supply conductor of the point machine.
• the second pole of the motor capacitor is connected to the circuit with two contactors, while the leads of the auxiliary stator winding of the point machine motor are individually connected both to the circuit with two contactors and to the circuit with internal contacts of the point machine, connected via the respective internal contacts to the corresponding phase supply conductors of the point machine.
• Both the main and auxiliary windings of the point machine motor are preferably connected to a control circuit supplied from the interlock to check their integrity in the end position of the point machine.
• FIG. 1 shows the current well-known circuit of a singlephase point machine motor with two stator windings, each for one direction of rotation, and a rotor fed through a commutator in the point machine circuit;
• Fig. 2a is a well-known circuit of a single-phase asynchronous motor with a short- circuit armature with a run capacitor connected throughout the motor run time;
• Fig. 2b is a circuit of a single-phase asynchronous motor, where the change of its direction of rotation is solved by re-polarizing the auxiliary winding;
• Fig. 3 is an example embodiment of the present technical solution.
• FIG.1 is the actual well-known connection of a single-phase point machine motor with two stator windings
• FIG.2 is the well-known circuit of a single-phase asynchronous motor with a short-circuit armature with a run capacitor, which is connected during the whole run time of the motor;
• Fig. 2b shows the circuit of a single-phase asynchronous motor, where the change of the direction of its rotation is carried out by repolarizing the auxiliary winding
• the point machine motor M uses two stator windings. It is connected with its first lead tJM of the main stator winding of the point machine asynchronous motor M to the circuit with two contactors Re1. Re2 and the circuit K with the internal point machine contacts which is connected via the respective internal contacts SI, S2 to the corresponding phase supply conductors U., L2 of the point machine.
• the second lead U2 of the main stator winding of the point machine motor M is connected to one pole of the capacitor C of the point machine motor M and at the same time to the neutral supply conductor N of the point machine.
• the second pole of the capacitor C of the motor M is connected to the circuit with two contactors Re1. Re2. while the leads Z1 , Z2 of the auxiliary stator winding of the point machine motor M are individually connected both to the circuit with two contactors Re1. Re2 and to the circuit K with internal contacts of the point machine, connected via the respective internal contacts SI, S2 to the corresponding phase supply conductors L1_, L2 of the point machine.
• the circuit for reversal of the motor rotation uses two contactors Re1.
• Re2 in the circuit according to present technical solution, whose coils have the same supply voltage as the motor supply voltage, and the contacts are rated for motor currents in the AC3 Category.
• the corresponding contactor Re1 or Re2 switches on and connects the auxiliary winding of the motor (Z1-Z2) in the arrangement for the required direction of rotation.
• the point machine internal contacts SI or S2, according to the direction of motor rotation
• the integrity check of the winding of motor M is provided by the circuit K according to this technical solution, which uses the internal switching contacts of the point machine, whose state depends on the position of the point machine (one or the other end position or intermediate position) and which connect the windings U1-U2. Z1-Z2 of motor M to the corresponding loop of the check circuit of the point machine in both end positions of the point machine.
• the main advantages of this technical solution include approximately half the cost of a simpler motor assembly with a capacitor and two auxiliary contactors compared to a motor with a commutator and two stator windings. It also has the advantage of eliminating the need for maintenance on the motor, which is maintenance-free for the life of the point machine.
• the technical solution can be used in all rail and track operations with the need to manipulate the track switch using a single-phase powered point machine.
• U1 , U2 leads of the main stator winding of the asynchronous point machine motor

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
• Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Citations (3)

• 2021
  • 2021-04-01 CZ CZ2021-38699U patent/CZ35127U1/cs active Protection Beyond IP Right Term
• 2022
  • 2022-03-30 WO PCT/CZ2022/050034 patent/WO2022207024A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2022-03-30 RS RS20230862A patent/RS20230862A1/sr unknown
  • 2022-03-30 HR HRP20231351AA patent/HRP20231351A1/hr active Search and Examination
  • 2022-03-30 SK SK50068-2023A patent/SK500682023A3/sk unknown
  • 2022-03-30 HU HU2300402A patent/HUP2300402A1/hu unknown
• 2023
  • 2023-09-29 BG BG113787A patent/BG113787A/bg unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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