WO2022205512A1 - 背光模组及液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组及液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022205512A1
WO2022205512A1 PCT/CN2021/087530 CN2021087530W WO2022205512A1 WO 2022205512 A1 WO2022205512 A1 WO 2022205512A1 CN 2021087530 W CN2021087530 W CN 2021087530W WO 2022205512 A1 WO2022205512 A1 WO 2022205512A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
dye
state
dye liquid
crystal display
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/087530
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何瑞
程薇
邓茜
黄长治
刘广辉
Original Assignee
武汉华星光电技术有限公司
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Application filed by 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 filed Critical 武汉华星光电技术有限公司
Priority to US17/289,014 priority Critical patent/US20240012295A1/en
Publication of WO2022205512A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022205512A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G02F1/13475—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which at least one liquid crystal cell or layer is doped with a pleochroic dye, e.g. GH-LC cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133601—Illuminating devices for spatial active dimming
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13706—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13712—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1393—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the birefringence of the liquid crystal being electrically controlled, e.g. ECB-, DAP-, HAN-, PI-LC cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1396—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the liquid crystal being selectively controlled between a twisted state and a non-twisted state, e.g. TN-LC cell
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/04—Materials and properties dye

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular, to a backlight module and a liquid crystal display device.
  • the contrast of the display device is very critical to the effect of the display. Generally speaking, the higher the contrast ratio, the clearer and eye-catching the image displayed by the display device, and the brighter and brighter the color.
  • a partitioned backlight module based on a plurality of mini light-emitting diodes is usually used as the backlight module of the liquid crystal display device. Thereby, the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display device is improved.
  • the present application provides a backlight module and a liquid crystal display device to solve the problem of low contrast of the existing liquid crystal display device.
  • the present application provides a backlight module, wherein the backlight module includes:
  • the light source is used for providing light to the dye liquid crystal panel
  • the dye liquid crystal panel includes a dye liquid crystal layer, the dye liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of dye liquid crystal cells, the dye liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules and a plurality of dye molecules, and the dye liquid crystal cell in the first state makes the incident incident to itself The light passes through, and when in the second state, the light incident to itself is regulated.
  • the dye liquid crystal panel further includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed on opposite sides of the dye liquid crystal layer.
  • a first electrode layer is further provided on a side of the first substrate close to the second substrate, the first electrode layer includes a plurality of first electrodes arranged at intervals, and a plurality of the first electrodes are connected to Several of the dye liquid crystal cells are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • a second electrode layer is further provided on a side of the second substrate close to the first substrate, the second electrode layer includes a plurality of second electrodes arranged at intervals, and a plurality of the second electrodes are connected to Several of the dye liquid crystal cells are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the liquid crystal molecules are cholesteric liquid crystal molecules with positive polarity
  • the first state is a power-on state
  • the second state is a power-off state.
  • a side of the first electrode layer away from the first substrate is further provided with a first alignment film
  • a side of the second electrode layer away from the second substrate is further provided with a second alignment film membrane
  • the first alignment film and the second alignment film adopt a twisted nematic alignment method, the polarity of the liquid crystal molecules is positive, the first state is a power-on state, and the The second state is a power-off state.
  • the dye molecule includes an azo group or an anthraquinone group.
  • the present application provides a liquid crystal display device, wherein the liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight module, and the backlight module includes:
  • the light source is used for providing light to the dye liquid crystal panel
  • the dye liquid crystal panel includes a dye liquid crystal layer, the dye liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of dye liquid crystal cells, the dye liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules and a plurality of dye molecules, and the dye liquid crystal cell in the first state makes the incident incident to itself The light passes through, and when in the second state, the light incident to itself is regulated.
  • the dye liquid crystal panel further includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed on opposite sides of the dye liquid crystal layer.
  • a first electrode layer is further provided on a side of the first substrate close to the second substrate, the first electrode layer includes a plurality of first electrodes arranged at intervals, and a plurality of the first electrodes are connected to Several of the dye liquid crystal cells are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • a second electrode layer is further provided on a side of the second substrate close to the first substrate, the second electrode layer includes a plurality of second electrodes arranged at intervals, and a plurality of the second electrodes are connected to Several of the dye liquid crystal cells are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the liquid crystal molecules are cholesteric liquid crystal molecules with positive polarity
  • the first state is a power-on state
  • the second state is a power-off state.
  • a side of the first electrode layer away from the first substrate is further provided with a first alignment film
  • a side of the second electrode layer away from the second substrate is further provided with a second alignment film membrane
  • the first alignment film and the second alignment film adopt a twisted nematic alignment method, the polarity of the liquid crystal molecules is positive, the first state is a power-on state, and the The second state is a power-off state.
  • a polarizer is provided on a side of the liquid crystal display panel close to the backlight module, and the polarizer is used to cooperate with the dye liquid crystal unit when the dye liquid crystal unit is in the first state
  • the light incident on the dye liquid crystal unit is allowed to pass, and when the dye liquid crystal unit is in the second state, the light incident on the dye liquid crystal unit is regulated in cooperation with the dye liquid crystal unit.
  • the first alignment film and the second alignment film adopt a vertical alignment method
  • the polarity of the liquid crystal molecules is negative
  • the first state is a power-off state
  • the second state In the power-on state, the light absorption direction of the polarizer is perpendicular to the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the second state.
  • the first alignment film and the second alignment film adopt an electrically controlled birefringence alignment method
  • the polarity of the liquid crystal molecules is positive
  • the first state is a power-on state
  • the The second state is a power-off state
  • the light absorption direction of the polarizer is perpendicular to the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the second state.
  • the liquid crystal display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixel units, and a plurality of the dye liquid crystal units in the backlight module are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of the sub-pixel units.
  • the dye molecule includes an azo group or an anthraquinone group.
  • the backlight module provided by the present application is applied to a liquid crystal display device, and the backlight module can control the brightness of each sub-pixel unit in the liquid crystal display panel by controlling the state of each dye liquid crystal unit in the dye liquid crystal panel, thereby realizing Pixel-level backlight partition control improves the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a backlight module, which can be applied to a liquid crystal display device to realize pixel-level backlight partition control, thereby improving the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the structure of the liquid crystal display device obtained by applying the backlight module to the liquid crystal display device is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the liquid crystal display panel 200 includes a plurality of sub-pixel units arranged in an array.
  • the backlight module 100 includes a light source (not shown in FIG. 1 ) and a dye liquid crystal panel 10 , wherein the dye liquid crystal panel 10 is disposed on one side of the liquid crystal display panel 200 , and the light source is disposed on a side of the dye liquid crystal panel 10 away from the liquid crystal display panel 200 , the light source is used to provide light to the dye liquid crystal panel 10 .
  • the dye liquid crystal panel 10 includes a dye liquid crystal layer 103, and the dye liquid crystal layer 103 includes a plurality of dye liquid crystal cells arranged in an array (the dotted frame in the dye liquid crystal layer 103 shown in FIG.
  • each dye liquid crystal cell includes several liquid crystal molecules (the circles shown in Figure 1 without any color) and several dye molecules (the circles filled with black shown in Figure 1), and the dye molecules are bound by the molecular free energy, It will rotate with the rotation of the liquid crystal molecules, and its long axis direction is consistent with the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules, and is used to absorb polarized light parallel to its long axis direction.
  • Each dye liquid crystal unit is used to emit light incident on itself to the corresponding sub-pixel unit when it is in the first state, so as to provide backlight for the corresponding sub-pixel unit, so that the corresponding sub-pixel unit is in a bright state.
  • the dye liquid crystal unit is also used to regulate the incident light when it is in the second state, so as to prevent it from being emitted to the corresponding sub-pixel unit, so that the corresponding sub-pixel unit is in a dark state.
  • the dye liquid crystal panel 10 includes several dye liquid crystal units corresponding to several sub-pixel units in the liquid crystal display panel 200 one-to-one, and each dye liquid crystal unit can control whether the light incident on itself is in a different state or not. It is emitted to the corresponding sub-pixel unit, so by controlling the state of each dye liquid crystal unit in the dye liquid crystal panel 10, the brightness of each sub-pixel unit in the liquid crystal display panel 200 can be controlled, thereby realizing pixel-level backlight partition regulation, The contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display device 1 is improved.
  • the dye liquid crystal panel 10 in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a first substrate 101 and a second substrate 102 disposed on opposite sides of the dye liquid crystal layer 103 .
  • the first substrate 101 , the dye liquid crystal layer 103 and the second substrate 102 are arranged in sequence along the incident direction of the light (the direction indicated by the arrow shown in FIG. 1 ), and both the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 can be made of rigid transparent
  • the substrate can be, for example, a glass substrate, or a flexible transparent substrate, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the side of the first substrate 101 close to the second substrate 102 is further provided with a first electrode layer, the first electrode layer includes a plurality of first electrodes 301 arranged at intervals, and a plurality of the first electrodes 301 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of dye liquid crystal cells;
  • a second electrode layer is further provided on one side of the two substrates 102 close to the first substrate 101 .
  • the second electrode layer includes a plurality of second electrodes 302 arranged at intervals. That is, the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 can form a vertical electric field, thereby driving the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules in the dye liquid crystal cell to rotate.
  • a first alignment film 201 is further provided on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first substrate 101
  • a second alignment film 202 is further provided on the side of the second electrode layer away from the second substrate 102 .
  • the first alignment film 201 and the second alignment film 202 may be made of materials such as organic resins by means of rubbing alignment or photo alignment, which are not specifically limited herein.
  • Figure 1 define a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and define the three coordinate axes as the x-axis (the direction perpendicular to the paper), the y-axis (the horizontal direction in the paper, perpendicular to the x-axis) and the z-axis (The vertical direction in the paper, perpendicular to both the x-axis and the y-axis).
  • the first alignment film 201 and the second alignment film 202 adopt a twisted nematic alignment method, wherein the alignment direction of the first alignment film 201 is horizontal, the alignment direction of the second alignment film 202 is perpendicular to the paper surface, and the polarity of the liquid crystal molecules is is positive, the first state is the power-on state, and the second state is the power-off state.
  • the liquid crystal display device 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a liquid crystal display panel 200 and a backlight module 100, and the backlight module 100 includes a light source and a dye liquid crystal panel 10, wherein the liquid crystal display panel 200 illustrates three sub-pixel units,
  • the dye liquid crystal panel 10 illustrates three dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the three sub-pixel units one-to-one.
  • the three sub-pixel units are respectively referred to as sub-pixel unit A and sub-pixel unit in the order from left to right.
  • B and sub-pixel unit C and the three dye liquid crystal cells are called dye liquid crystal cell a, dye liquid crystal cell b and dye liquid crystal cell c in order from left to right.
  • Both the dye liquid crystal cell a and the dye liquid crystal cell c are in a de-energized state (OFF shown in Figure 1 represents a de-energized state). Since the two are in the same state, only one of the dye liquid crystal cells is used here, such as a dye liquid crystal cell. a is described as an example.
  • the dye liquid crystal cell a is in a power-off state, which means that no driving voltage is applied to the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 corresponding to the dye liquid crystal cell. At this time, there is no electric field in the dye liquid crystal cell.
  • Both liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules are arranged in a helical shape.
  • the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are both horizontal
  • the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are both perpendicular to the paper
  • the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules gradually change from horizontal to vertical to the paper surface, thereby forming a helical structure with a maximum angle difference of 90 degrees.
  • Part of the dye molecules in the dye can absorb polarized light whose direction is perpendicular to the paper surface, that is, the dye liquid crystal cell can absorb the light incident on itself, thereby preventing the light from being emitted to the sub-pixel unit A and making the sub-pixel unit A dark.
  • the dye liquid crystal cell b is in the power-on state (ON shown in FIG. 1 represents the power-on state), which means that a driving voltage is applied to the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 corresponding to the dye liquid crystal cell, so that the dye liquid crystal cell A vertical electric field is formed in the dye liquid crystal cell. Since the polarity of the liquid crystal molecules is positive, under the action of the electric field, the long axis direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules is parallel to the direction of the electric field. The long axis direction is vertical.
  • the vibration direction is perpendicular to the z-axis, that is, perpendicular to the long axis direction of the dye molecules, so the dye molecules cannot absorb the light, that is, the dye liquid crystal cell can make the incident light
  • the light to itself is emitted to the sub-pixel unit B, so as to provide a backlight for the sub-pixel unit B, so that the sub-pixel unit B is in a bright state.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a driving method for driving the liquid crystal display device 1 for the liquid crystal display device 1 shown in FIG. 1 , and the driving method specifically includes:
  • step S101 when a certain sub-pixel unit of the liquid crystal display panel 200 is required to be in a dark state, no driving voltage is applied to the corresponding dye liquid crystal cell. At this time, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are arranged in a spiral shape. its own light, thereby preventing the light from being emitted to the corresponding sub-pixel unit.
  • step S102 when a certain sub-pixel unit of the liquid crystal display panel 200 is required to be in a bright state, a driving voltage is applied to the corresponding dye liquid crystal cell. Absorb the light incident on itself, so that the light is emitted to the corresponding sub-pixel unit.
  • step S101 and step S102 do not have a sequential relationship.
  • the liquid crystal molecules are cholesteric liquid crystal molecules with positive polarity.
  • the dye liquid crystal panel using cholesteric liquid crystal molecules may only include:
  • the first substrate and the second substrate disposed on opposite sides of the dye liquid crystal layer 103, the first electrode layer disposed on the side of the first substrate close to the second substrate, and the first substrate disposed on the side of the second substrate close to the first substrate the second electrode layer.
  • the dye liquid crystal cell For a dye liquid crystal cell, if the dye liquid crystal cell is in a de-energized state, the liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules in the dye liquid crystal cell are arranged in a spiral shape, and the dye liquid crystal cell absorbs the light incident on itself, thereby preventing the The light is emitted to the corresponding sub-pixel unit; if the dye liquid crystal unit is in the power-on state, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules in the dye liquid crystal unit are both vertical, and the dye liquid crystal unit does not absorb the incident light. light, so that the light is emitted to the corresponding sub-pixel unit. Since the structure of the dye liquid crystal panel is similar to that of the dye liquid crystal panel 10 in the liquid crystal display device 1 shown in FIG. 1 , and the working principle is also similar, it will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiments of the present invention further provide two kinds of liquid crystal display devices 1 to realize pixel-level backlight partition control, thereby improving the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display device 1 .
  • the structures of the two liquid crystal display devices 1 provided in the embodiments of the present invention are shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 .
  • the liquid crystal display device 1 includes a liquid crystal display panel 200 and a backlight module 100 for providing backlight for the liquid crystal display panel 200 .
  • the liquid crystal display panel 200 includes a plurality of sub-pixel units arranged in an array.
  • a polarizer 401 is provided on the side of the liquid crystal display panel 200 close to the backlight module 100 .
  • the backlight module 100 includes a light source (not shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 ) and a dye liquid crystal panel 10 , wherein the light source is disposed on the side of the dye liquid crystal panel 10 away from the polarizer 401 , and the light source is used to provide light to the dye liquid crystal panel 10 .
  • the dye liquid crystal panel 10 includes a plurality of dye liquid crystal cells arranged in an array (the dotted frame in the dye liquid crystal layer 103 shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 ), and the dye liquid crystal cells are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of sub-pixel units.
  • the polarizer 401 When the dye liquid crystal cell is in the first state, the polarizer 401 is used to cooperate with the dye liquid crystal cell so that the light incident on the dye liquid crystal cell is emitted to the corresponding sub-pixel unit, so as to provide backlight for the corresponding sub-pixel unit, so that the corresponding sub-pixel
  • the pixel unit is in a bright state
  • the polarizer 401 is also used to coordinate with the dye liquid crystal unit to regulate the light incident on the dye liquid crystal unit when the dye liquid crystal unit is in the second state, so as to prevent it from being emitted to the corresponding sub-pixel unit, so that the The corresponding sub-pixel unit is in a dark state.
  • the dye liquid crystal panel 10 includes several dye liquid crystal cells corresponding to several sub-pixel units in the liquid crystal display panel 200 one-to-one, and the polarizer 401 can cooperate with the dye liquid crystal cells to control the incidence when the dye liquid crystal cells are in different states. Whether the light from the dye liquid crystal unit is emitted to the corresponding sub-pixel unit, the brightness of each sub-pixel unit in the liquid crystal display panel 200 can be controlled by controlling the state of each dye liquid crystal unit in the dye liquid crystal panel 10 , thereby realizing The pixel-level backlight partition regulation improves the contrast ratio of the liquid crystal display device 1 .
  • the dye liquid crystal panel 10 in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a first substrate 101 and a second substrate 102 disposed on opposite sides of the dye liquid crystal layer 103 .
  • the first substrate 101 , the dye liquid crystal layer 103 and the second substrate 102 are arranged in sequence along the incident direction of the light (the direction indicated by the arrows shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 ), and both the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 can be used
  • the rigid transparent substrate can be, for example, a glass substrate or a flexible transparent substrate, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the side of the first substrate 101 close to the second substrate 102 is further provided with a first electrode layer, the first electrode layer includes a plurality of first electrodes 301 arranged at intervals, and a plurality of the first electrodes 301 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of dye liquid crystal cells;
  • a second electrode layer is further provided on one side of the two substrates 102 close to the first substrate 101 .
  • the second electrode layer includes a plurality of second electrodes 302 arranged at intervals. That is, the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 can form a vertical electric field, thereby driving the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules in the dye liquid crystal cell to rotate.
  • a first alignment film 201 is further provided on the side of the first electrode layer away from the first substrate 101
  • a second alignment film 202 is further provided on the side of the second electrode layer away from the second substrate 102 .
  • the first alignment film 201 and the second alignment film 202 may be made of materials such as organic resins by means of rubbing alignment or photo alignment, which are not specifically limited herein.
  • a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is defined, and the three coordinate axes are respectively defined as the x-axis (the direction perpendicular to the paper), the y-axis (the horizontal direction in the paper, and the x-axis). vertical) and z-axis (the vertical direction in the paper, perpendicular to both the x- and y-axes).
  • the first alignment film 201 and the second alignment film 202 adopt a vertical alignment method, wherein the alignment direction of the first alignment film 201 is vertical, the alignment direction of the second alignment film 202 is vertical, and the polarity of the liquid crystal molecules is negative , the first state is a power-off state, and the second state is a power-on state.
  • the liquid crystal display device 1 shown in FIG. 2 includes a liquid crystal display panel 200 and a backlight module 100.
  • the backlight module 100 includes a dye liquid crystal panel 10, wherein the liquid crystal display panel 200 shows three sub-pixel units, and the dye liquid crystal
  • the panel 10 shows three dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the three sub-pixel units one-to-one.
  • the three sub-pixel units are respectively referred to as sub-pixel unit A, sub-pixel unit B and sub-pixel unit in order from left to right.
  • Pixel unit C, and the three dye liquid crystal units are called dye liquid crystal unit a, dye liquid crystal unit b and dye liquid crystal unit c in order from left to right.
  • Both the dye liquid crystal cell a and the dye liquid crystal cell c are in a de-energized state (OFF shown in Figure 2 represents a de-energized state). Since the two are in the same state, only one of the dye liquid crystal cells is used here, such as a dye liquid crystal cell. a is described as an example.
  • the dye liquid crystal cell a is in a power-off state, which means that no driving voltage is applied to the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 corresponding to the dye liquid crystal cell. At this time, there is no electric field in the dye liquid crystal cell.
  • the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are both vertical.
  • the vibration direction is perpendicular to the z-axis, that is, perpendicular to the long axis direction of the dye molecules, so the dye molecules cannot absorb the light, that is, the dye liquid crystal cell can make the incident light
  • the light reaching itself passes through the polarizer 401 to generate polarized light and is emitted to the sub-pixel unit A, so as to provide backlight for the sub-pixel unit A, so that the sub-pixel unit A is in a bright state.
  • the dye liquid crystal cell b is in the power-on state (ON shown in FIG. 2 represents the power-on state), which means that a driving voltage is applied to the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 corresponding to the dye liquid crystal cell, so that the dye liquid crystal cell A vertical electric field is formed in the dye liquid crystal cell. Since the polarity of the liquid crystal molecules is negative, under the action of the electric field, the long axis direction of the negative liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the direction of the electric field. The long axis direction is horizontal.
  • the dye molecules whose long axis direction is horizontal can absorb the polarized light whose direction is horizontal, so that the polarized light whose direction is perpendicular to the paper surface is emitted to the polarizer 401 .
  • the polarizer 401 just completely absorbs the polarized light whose direction is perpendicular to the paper surface, that is, the polarized light.
  • the sheet 401 can cooperate with the dye liquid crystal cell to absorb light incident on the dye liquid crystal cell, thereby preventing the light from being emitted to the sub-pixel unit B, so that the sub-pixel unit B is in a dark state.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a driving method for driving the liquid crystal display device 1 for the liquid crystal display device 1 shown in FIG. 2 , and the driving method specifically includes:
  • step S201 when a certain sub-pixel unit of the liquid crystal display panel 200 is required to be in a dark state, a driving voltage is applied to the corresponding dye liquid crystal cell.
  • the sheet 401 cooperates to absorb light incident on itself, thereby preventing the light from being emitted to the corresponding sub-pixel unit.
  • step S202 when a certain sub-pixel unit of the liquid crystal display panel 200 is required to be in a bright state, no driving voltage is applied to the corresponding dye liquid crystal cell. At this time, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are both vertical. The light incident to itself is not absorbed, so that the light passes through the polarizer 401 and then exits to the corresponding sub-pixel unit.
  • step S201 and step S202 do not have a sequential relationship.
  • a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is defined, and the three coordinate axes are respectively defined as the x-axis (the direction perpendicular to the paper), the y-axis (the horizontal direction in the paper, and the x-axis). vertical) and z-axis (the vertical direction in the paper, perpendicular to both the x- and y-axes).
  • the first alignment film 201 and the second alignment film 202 adopt an electronically controlled birefringence alignment method, wherein the alignment direction of the first alignment film 201 is horizontal, the alignment direction of the second alignment film 202 is horizontal, and the polarity of the liquid crystal molecules is positive
  • the first state is the power-on state
  • the second state is the power-off state.
  • the liquid crystal display device 1 shown in FIG. 3 includes a liquid crystal display panel 200 and a backlight module 100.
  • the backlight module 100 includes a dye liquid crystal panel 10, wherein the liquid crystal display panel 200 shows three sub-pixel units, and the dye liquid crystal
  • the panel 10 shows three dye liquid crystal units corresponding to the three sub-pixel units one-to-one.
  • the three sub-pixel units are respectively referred to as sub-pixel unit A, sub-pixel unit B and sub-pixel unit in order from left to right.
  • Pixel unit C, and the three dye liquid crystal units are called dye liquid crystal unit a, dye liquid crystal unit b and dye liquid crystal unit c in order from left to right.
  • Both the dye liquid crystal cell a and the dye liquid crystal cell c are in a de-energized state (OFF shown in Figure 3 represents a de-energized state). Since the two are in the same state, only one of the dye liquid crystal cells is used here, such as a dye liquid crystal cell. a is described as an example.
  • the dye liquid crystal cell a is in a power-off state, which means that no driving voltage is applied to the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 corresponding to the dye liquid crystal cell. At this time, there is no electric field in the dye liquid crystal cell.
  • the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are both horizontal.
  • the dye molecules whose long axis direction is horizontal can absorb the polarized light whose direction is horizontal, so that the polarized light whose direction is perpendicular to the paper surface is emitted to the polarizer 401 .
  • the polarizer 401 just completely absorbs the polarized light whose direction is perpendicular to the paper surface, that is, the polarized light.
  • the sheet 401 can cooperate with the dye liquid crystal cell to absorb light incident on the dye liquid crystal cell, thereby preventing the light from being emitted to the sub-pixel unit A, so that the sub-pixel unit A is in a dark state.
  • the dye liquid crystal cell b is in the power-on state (ON shown in FIG. 3 represents the power-on state), which means that a driving voltage is applied to the first electrode 301 and the second electrode 302 corresponding to the dye liquid crystal cell, so that the dye liquid crystal cell A vertical electric field is formed in the dye liquid crystal cell. Since the polarity of the liquid crystal molecules is positive, under the action of the electric field, the long axis direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules is parallel to the direction of the electric field. The long axis direction is vertical.
  • the vibration direction is perpendicular to the z-axis, that is, perpendicular to the long axis direction of the dye molecules, so the dye molecules cannot absorb the light, that is, the dye liquid crystal cell can make the incident light
  • the light reaching itself passes through the polarizer 401 to generate polarized light and is emitted to the sub-pixel unit B, so as to provide backlight for the sub-pixel unit B, so that the sub-pixel unit B is in a bright state.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a driving method for driving the liquid crystal display device 1 for the liquid crystal display device 1 shown in FIG. 3 , and the driving method specifically includes:
  • step S301 when a certain sub-pixel unit of the liquid crystal display panel 200 is required to be in a dark state, no driving voltage is applied to the corresponding dye liquid crystal cell. At this time, the long axis directions of the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules are both horizontal.
  • the polarizer 401 cooperates to absorb light incident on itself, thereby preventing the light from being emitted to the corresponding sub-pixel unit.
  • step S302 when a certain sub-pixel unit of the liquid crystal display panel 200 is required to be in a bright state, a driving voltage is applied to the corresponding dye liquid crystal cell. The light incident on itself is absorbed, so that the light passes through the polarizer 401 and then is emitted to the corresponding sub-pixel unit.
  • step S301 and step S302 do not have a sequential relationship.
  • the dye molecules in the embodiments of the present invention include azo groups or anthraquinone groups. Further, for the selection of dye molecules, it is necessary to ensure that the dye molecules have high order parameters and dichromatic ratio in the liquid crystal molecules, so as to ensure the arrangement order of the dye molecules and the contrast of the dye liquid crystal cells. It has high stability to light and heat, and also needs to have a high extinction coefficient.
  • the two adjacent functional layers in the liquid crystal display panel 200 , the dye liquid crystal panel 10 and the light source can be bonded and fixed by an optical adhesive layer, so as to ensure light transmission, and at the same time, The overall thickness of the liquid crystal display device 1 can also be reduced.
  • liquid crystal display device 1 may specifically be a mobile phone, a computer, a smart wearable device, etc., which is not specifically limited here.
  • the dye liquid crystal units in the backlight module and the sub-pixel units in the liquid crystal display panel are set in one-to-one correspondence as an example for illustration, so that the optimal pixel-level backlight partition can be realized. Adjustment, of course, in other embodiments, a configuration in which one dye liquid crystal unit corresponds to a plurality of sub-pixel units may be adopted, so as to achieve better backlight partition control.

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Abstract

一种背光模组（100）及液晶显示装置（1），背光模组（100）包括：光源和染料液晶面板（10）；光源用于向染料液晶面板（10）提供光线；染料液晶面板（10）包括若干染料液晶单元，染料液晶单元在处于第一状态时使入射至自身的光线通过，并在处于第二状态时对入射至自身的光线进行调控，实现像素级别的背光分区调控，提高液晶显示装置的对比度。

Description

背光模组及液晶显示装置 技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种背光模组及液晶显示装置。
 背景技术
显示装置的对比度对于显示效果的影响非常关键，一般来说，对比度越高，显示装置显示的图像越清晰醒目，色彩也越鲜明艳丽。对于液晶显示装置来说，为了提高液晶显示装置的对比度，通常使用基于多个迷你发光二极管构成的分区背光模组作为液晶显示装置的背光模组，通过该背光模组能够实现背光的分区调控，从而提高液晶显示装置的对比度。
但是，由于受到迷你发光二极管的体积限制，基于多个迷你发光二极管构成的分区背光模组难以实现像素级别的背光分区调控，从而导致液晶显示装置的对比度难以进一步提高。
 技术问题
本申请提供一种背光模组及液晶显示装置，以解决现有的液晶显示装置的对比度低的问题。
 技术解决方案
第一方面，本申请提供一种背光模组，其中，所述背光模组包括：
光源和染料液晶面板；
所述光源用于向所述染料液晶面板提供光线；
所述染料液晶面板包括染料液晶层，所述染料液晶层包括若干染料液晶单元，所述染料液晶单元包括若干液晶分子和若干染料分子，所述染料液晶单元在处于第一状态时使入射至自身的光线通过，并在处于第二状态时对入射至自身的光线进行调控。
在一些实施例中，所述染料液晶面板还包括设于所述染料液晶层的相对两侧的第一基板和第二基板。
在一些实施例中，所述第一基板靠近所述第二基板的一侧还设有第一电极层，所述第一电极层包括若干间隔设置的第一电极，若干所述第一电极与若干所述染料液晶单元一一对应设置。
在一些实施例中，所述第二基板靠近所述第一基板的一侧还设有第二电极层，所述第二电极层包括若干间隔设置的第二电极，若干所述第二电极与若干所述染料液晶单元一一对应设置。
在一些实施例中，所述液晶分子为胆甾相液晶分子且极性为正性，所述第一状态为加电状态，所述第二状态为失电状态。
在一些实施例中，所述第一电极层远离所述第一基板的一侧还设有第一配向膜，所述第二电极层远离所述第二基板的一侧还设有第二配向膜。
在一些实施例中，所述第一配向膜和所述第二配向膜采用扭曲向列相配向方式，所述液晶分子的极性为正性，所述第一状态为加电状态，所述第二状态为失电状态。
在一些实施例中，所述染料分子包括偶氮基团或蒽醌基团。
第二方面，本申请提供一种液晶显示装置，其中，所述液晶显示装置包括液晶显示面板和背光模组，所述背光模组包括：
光源和染料液晶面板；
所述光源用于向所述染料液晶面板提供光线；
所述染料液晶面板包括染料液晶层，所述染料液晶层包括若干染料液晶单元，所述染料液晶单元包括若干液晶分子和若干染料分子，所述染料液晶单元在处于第一状态时使入射至自身的光线通过，并在处于第二状态时对入射至自身的光线进行调控。
在一些实施例中，所述染料液晶面板还包括设于所述染料液晶层的相对两侧的第一基板和第二基板。
在一些实施例中，所述第一基板靠近所述第二基板的一侧还设有第一电极层，所述第一电极层包括若干间隔设置的第一电极，若干所述第一电极与若干所述染料液晶单元一一对应设置。
在一些实施例中，所述第二基板靠近所述第一基板的一侧还设有第二电极层，所述第二电极层包括若干间隔设置的第二电极，若干所述第二电极与若干所述染料液晶单元一一对应设置。
在一些实施例中，所述液晶分子为胆甾相液晶分子且极性为正性，所述第一状态为加电状态，所述第二状态为失电状态。
在一些实施例中，所述第一电极层远离所述第一基板的一侧还设有第一配向膜，所述第二电极层远离所述第二基板的一侧还设有第二配向膜。
在一些实施例中，所述第一配向膜和所述第二配向膜采用扭曲向列相配向方式，所述液晶分子的极性为正性，所述第一状态为加电状态，所述第二状态为失电状态。
在一些实施例中，所述液晶显示面板靠近所述背光模组的一侧设有偏光片，所述偏光片用于在所述染料液晶单元处于第一状态时，与所述染料液晶单元配合使入射至所述染料液晶单元的光线通过，并在所述染料液晶单元处于第二状态时，与所述染料液晶单元配合对入射至所述染料液晶单元的光线进行调控。
在一些实施例中，所述第一配向膜和所述第二配向膜采用垂直配向方式，所述液晶分子的极性为负性，所述第一状态为失电状态，所述第二状态为加电状态，所述偏光片的吸光方向与处于所述第二状态下的所述液晶分子的长轴方向垂直。
在一些实施例中，所述第一配向膜和所述第二配向膜采用电控双折射配向方式，所述液晶分子的极性为正性，所述第一状态为加电状态，所述第二状态为失电状态，所述偏光片的吸光方向与处于所述第二状态下的所述液晶分子的长轴方向垂直。
在一些实施例中，所述液晶显示面板包括若干子像素单元，所述背光模组中的若干所述染料液晶单元与若干所述子像素单元一一对应设置。
在一些实施例中，所述染料分子包括偶氮基团或蒽醌基团。
 有益效果
本申请提供的背光模组应用于液晶显示装置中，该背光模组可通过控制染料液晶面板中各个染料液晶单元所处的状态，从而控制液晶显示面板中各个子像素单元的亮暗，进而实现像素级别的背光分区调控，提高液晶显示装置的对比度。
 附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明另一实施例提供的液晶显示装置的结构示意图；
图3为本发明再一实施例提供的液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案及效果更加清楚、明确，以下参照附图并举实施例对本申请进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
本发明实施例提供一种背光模组，将该背光模组应用于液晶显示装置中，可以实现像素级别的背光分区调控，从而提高液晶显示装置的对比度。将该背光模组应用于液晶显示装置中得到的液晶显示装置的结构如图1所示，该液晶显示装置1包括液晶显示面板200和用于为液晶显示面板200提供背光的背光模组100。
其中，液晶显示面板200包括阵列排布的若干子像素单元。
背光模组100包括光源（图1未示出）和染料液晶面板10，其中，染料液晶面板10设于液晶显示面板200的一侧，光源设于染料液晶面板10远离液晶显示面板200的一侧，光源用于向染料液晶面板10提供光线。染料液晶面板10包括染料液晶层103，染料液晶层103包括阵列排布的若干染料液晶单元（图1所示的染料液晶层103中的虚线框），若干染料液晶单元与若干子像素单元一一对应设置，每一染料液晶单元包括若干液晶分子（图1所示的未填充任何颜色的圆圈）和若干染料分子（图1所示的填充黑色的圆圈），染料分子受分子自由能的约束，会随液晶分子转动而转动，其长轴方向与液晶分子的长轴方向保持一致，用于吸收与其长轴方向平行的偏振光。每一染料液晶单元用于在自身处于第一状态时使入射至自身的光线射出至对应的子像素单元，从而为对应的子像素单元提供背光，使对应的子像素单元呈亮态，每一染料液晶单元还用于在自身处于第二状态时对入射至自身的光线进行调控，从而防止其射出至对应的子像素单元，使对应的子像素单元呈暗态。
可以理解地，由于染料液晶面板10包括与液晶显示面板200中的若干子像素单元一一对应的若干染料液晶单元，且每一染料液晶单元可在自身处于不同状态时控制入射至自身的光线是否射出至对应的子像素单元，因此可通过控制染料液晶面板10中各个染料液晶单元所处的状态，从而控制液晶显示面板200中各个子像素单元的亮暗，进而实现像素级别的背光分区调控，提高液晶显示装置1的对比度。
请继续参阅图1，本发明实施例中的染料液晶面板10还包括设于染料液晶层103的相对两侧的第一基板101和第二基板102。其中，第一基板101、染料液晶层103和第二基板102依次沿光线的入射方向（图1所示的箭头所指方向）设置，第一基板101和第二基板102均可采用刚性的透明基板，例如可以是玻璃基板，也可以采用柔性透明基板，此处不作具体限定。
第一基板101靠近第二基板102的一侧还设有第一电极层，第一电极层包括若干间隔设置的第一电极301，若干第一电极301与若干染料液晶单元一一对应设置；第二基板102靠近第一基板101的一侧还设有第二电极层，第二电极层包括若干间隔设置的第二电极302，若干第二电极302与若干染料液晶单元一一对应设置。也即，第一电极301和第二电极302可以形成竖向电场，从而驱动染料液晶单元内的液晶分子和染料分子旋转。
第一电极层远离第一基板101的一侧还设有第一配向膜201，第二电极层远离第二基板102的一侧还设有第二配向膜202。其中，第一配向膜201和第二配向膜202可由有机树脂等材料通过摩擦配向或光配向等方式制成，此处不作具体限定。通过设置第一配向膜201和第二配向膜202的配向方式，可以调节液晶分子和染料分子的初始状态。
请继续参阅图1，定义三维直角坐标系，并将三个坐标轴分别定义为x轴（垂直于纸面的方向）、y轴（纸面内的水平方向，与x轴垂直）和z轴（纸面内的竖直方向，与x轴和y轴均垂直）。第一配向膜201和第二配向膜202采用扭曲向列相配向方式，其中，第一配向膜201的配向方向为水平，第二配向膜202的配向方向垂直于纸面，液晶分子的极性为正性，第一状态为加电状态，第二状态为失电状态。
具体而言，图1所示的液晶显示装置1包括液晶显示面板200和背光模组100，背光模组100包括光源和染料液晶面板10，其中，液晶显示面板200示意出了3个子像素单元，染料液晶面板10示意出了与3个子像素单元一一对应的3个染料液晶单元，为了便于描述，按照从左到右的顺序依次将3个子像素单元分别称为子像素单元A、子像素单元B和子像素单元C，并按照从左到右的顺序依次将3个染料液晶单元称为染料液晶单元a，染料液晶单元b和染料液晶单元c。
染料液晶单元a和染料液晶单元c均处于失电状态（图1所示的OFF即代表失电状态），由于两者的状态相同，因此此处仅以其中一个染料液晶单元，例如染料液晶单元a为例进行说明。染料液晶单元a处于失电状态指的是未向该染料液晶单元对应的第一电极301和第二电极302施加驱动电压，此时，该染料液晶单元中无电场存在，该染料液晶单元中的液晶分子和染料分子均呈螺旋状排列。具体而言，在靠近第一基板101的一侧，液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均为水平，在靠近第二基板102的一侧，液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均垂直于纸面，沿第一基板101到第二基板102的方向上，液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向逐渐从水平变化到垂直于纸面，从而形成最大角度差为90度的螺旋状结构。此时，对于入射至染料液晶单元a中的光线，其振动方向垂直于z轴，在其振动平面内，沿各个方向振动的光线可以分解为水平方向的偏振光和垂直于纸面的偏振光，由于部分染料分子的长轴方向为水平，部分染料分子的长轴方向垂直于纸面，因此长轴方向为水平的部分染料分子可以吸收方向为水平的偏振光，长轴方向垂直于纸面的部分染料分子可以吸收方向垂直于纸面的偏振光，即，该染料液晶单元能够吸收入射至自身的光线，从而防止该光线射出至子像素单元A，使子像素单元A呈暗态。
染料液晶单元b处于加电状态（图1所示的ON即代表加电状态），指的是向该染料液晶单元对应的第一电极301和第二电极302施加驱动电压，使得该染料液晶单元中形成竖向电场，由于液晶分子的极性为正性，在电场的作用下，正性的液晶分子的长轴方向与电场的方向平行，因此该染料液晶单元中的液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均为竖直。此时，对于入射至染料液晶单元b中的光线，其振动方向垂直于z轴，也即与染料分子的长轴方向垂直，因此染料分子无法吸收该光线，即，该染料液晶单元能够使入射至自身的光线射出至子像素单元B，从而为子像素单元B提供背光，使子像素单元B呈亮态。
作为一个优选的实施例，本发明实施例针对图1所示的液晶显示装置1，提供一种用于驱动该液晶显示装置1的驱动方法，该驱动方法具体包括：
步骤S101，当需要液晶显示面板200的某个子像素单元呈暗态时，不向对应的染料液晶单元施加驱动电压，此时液晶分子和染料分子均呈螺旋状排列，该染料液晶单元吸收入射至自身的光线，从而防止该光线射出至对应的子像素单元。
步骤S102，当需要液晶显示面板200的某个子像素单元呈亮态时，向对应的染料液晶单元施加驱动电压，此时液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均为竖直，该染料液晶单元不吸收入射至自身的光线，从而使该光线射出至对应的子像素单元。
需要说明的是，步骤S101和步骤S102并无时序上的先后关系。
在一些实施例中，液晶分子采用极性为正性的胆甾相液晶分子，此时其对应的染料液晶面板与图1所示的显示装置1中的染料液晶面板10相比，还可省去第一配向膜201和第二配向膜202的使用，即使用胆甾相液晶分子的染料液晶面板可以仅包括：
设于染料液晶层103的相对两侧的第一基板和第二基板，设于第一基板靠近第二基板的一侧的第一电极层，以及设于第二基板靠近第一基板的一侧的第二电极层。
对于一个染料液晶单元来说，若该染料液晶单元处于失电状态，则该染料液晶单元中的液晶分子和染料分子均呈螺旋状排列，该染料液晶单元吸收入射至自身的光线，从而防止该光线射出至对应的子像素单元；若该染料液晶单元处于加电状态，则该染料液晶单元中的液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均为竖直，该染料液晶单元不吸收入射至自身的光线，从而使该光线射出至对应的子像素单元。由于该染料液晶面板的结构与图1所示的液晶显示装置1中的染料液晶面板10的结构类似，且工作原理也类似，因此此处不对其进行赘述。
为了提高液晶显示装置1的对比度，本发明实施例还提供两种液晶显示装置1，以实现像素级别的背光分区调控，从而提高液晶显示装置1的对比度。本发明实施例提供的两种液晶显示装置1的结构如图2和图3所示。请参阅图2和图3，该液晶显示装置1包括液晶显示面板200和用于为液晶显示面板200提供背光的背光模组100。
其中，液晶显示面板200包括阵列排布的若干子像素单元。液晶显示面板200靠近背光模组100的一侧设有偏光片401。
背光模组100包括光源（图2和图3未示出）和染料液晶面板10，其中，光源设于染料液晶面板10远离偏光片401的一侧，光源用于向染料液晶面板10提供光线。染料液晶面板10包括阵列排布的若干染料液晶单元（图2和图3所示的染料液晶层103中的虚线框），若干染料液晶单元与若干子像素单元一一对应设置。偏光片401用于在染料液晶单元处于第一状态时，与染料液晶单元配合使入射至染料液晶单元的光线射出至对应的子像素单元，从而为对应的子像素单元提供背光，使对应的子像素单元呈亮态，偏光片401还用于在染料液晶单元处于第二状态时，与染料液晶单元配合对入射至染料液晶单元的光线进行调控，从而防止其射出至对应的子像素单元，使对应的子像素单元呈暗态。
可以理解地，由于染料液晶面板10包括与液晶显示面板200中的若干子像素单元一一对应的若干染料液晶单元，且偏光片401可在染料液晶单元处于不同状态时与染料液晶单元配合控制入射至染料液晶单元的光线是否射出至对应的子像素单元，因此可通过控制染料液晶面板10中各个染料液晶单元所处的状态，从而控制液晶显示面板200中各个子像素单元的亮暗，进而实现像素级别的背光分区调控，提高液晶显示装置1的对比度。
请继续参阅图2和图3，本发明实施例中的染料液晶面板10还包括设于染料液晶层103的相对两侧的第一基板101和第二基板102。其中，第一基板101、染料液晶层103和第二基板102依次沿光线的入射方向（图2和图3所示的箭头所指方向）设置，第一基板101和第二基板102均可采用刚性的透明基板，例如可以是玻璃基板，也可以采用柔性透明基板，此处不作具体限定。
第一基板101靠近第二基板102的一侧还设有第一电极层，第一电极层包括若干间隔设置的第一电极301，若干第一电极301与若干染料液晶单元一一对应设置；第二基板102靠近第一基板101的一侧还设有第二电极层，第二电极层包括若干间隔设置的第二电极302，若干第二电极302与若干染料液晶单元一一对应设置。也即，第一电极301和第二电极302可以形成竖向电场，从而驱动染料液晶单元内的液晶分子和染料分子旋转。
第一电极层远离第一基板101的一侧还设有第一配向膜201，第二电极层远离第二基板102的一侧还设有第二配向膜202。其中，第一配向膜201和第二配向膜202可由有机树脂等材料通过摩擦配向或光配向等方式制成，此处不作具体限定。通过设置第一配向膜201和第二配向膜202的配向方式，可以调节液晶分子和染料分子的初始状态。
对于图2所示的液晶显示装置1，定义三维直角坐标系，并将三个坐标轴分别定义为x轴（垂直于纸面的方向）、y轴（纸面内的水平方向，与x轴垂直）和z轴（纸面内的竖直方向，与x轴和y轴均垂直）。第一配向膜201和第二配向膜202采用垂直配向方式，其中，第一配向膜201的配向方向为竖直，第二配向膜202的配向方向为竖直，液晶分子的极性为负性，第一状态为失电状态，第二状态为加电状态。
具体而言，图2所示的液晶显示装置1包括液晶显示面板200和背光模组100，背光模组100包括染料液晶面板10，其中，液晶显示面板200示意出了3个子像素单元，染料液晶面板10示意出了与3个子像素单元一一对应的3个染料液晶单元，为了便于描述，按照从左到右的顺序依次将3个子像素单元分别称为子像素单元A、子像素单元B和子像素单元C，并按照从左到右的顺序依次将3个染料液晶单元称为染料液晶单元a，染料液晶单元b和染料液晶单元c。
染料液晶单元a和染料液晶单元c均处于失电状态（图2所示的OFF即代表失电状态），由于两者的状态相同，因此此处仅以其中一个染料液晶单元，例如染料液晶单元a为例进行说明。染料液晶单元a处于失电状态指的是未向该染料液晶单元对应的第一电极301和第二电极302施加驱动电压，此时，该染料液晶单元中无电场存在，该染料液晶单元中的液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均为竖直。此时，对于入射至染料液晶单元a中的光线，其振动方向垂直于z轴，也即与染料分子的长轴方向垂直，因此染料分子无法吸收该光线，即，该染料液晶单元能够使入射至自身的光线经过偏光片401后产生偏振光并射出至子像素单元A，从而为子像素单元A提供背光，使子像素单元A呈亮态。
染料液晶单元b处于加电状态（图2所示的ON即代表加电状态），指的是向该染料液晶单元对应的第一电极301和第二电极302施加驱动电压，使得该染料液晶单元中形成竖向电场，由于液晶分子的极性为负性，在电场的作用下，负性的液晶分子的长轴方向与电场的方向垂直，因此该染料液晶单元中的液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均为水平。此时，对于入射至染料液晶单元b中的光线，其振动方向垂直于z轴，在其振动平面内，沿各个方向振动的光线可以分解为水平方向的偏振光和垂直于纸面的偏振光，长轴方向为水平的染料分子可以吸收方向为水平的偏振光，使得方向为垂直于纸面的偏振光射出至偏光片401。又由于偏光片401的吸光方向与该染料液晶单元中的液晶分子的长轴方向垂直，也即垂直于纸面，因此偏光片401正好将方向垂直于纸面的偏振光完全吸收，即，偏光片401能够与该染料液晶单元与配合吸收入射至该染料液晶单元的光线，从而防止该光线射出至子像素单元B，使子像素单元B呈暗态。
作为一个优选的实施例，本发明实施例针对图2所示的液晶显示装置1，提供一种用于驱动该液晶显示装置1的驱动方法，该驱动方法具体包括：
步骤S201，当需要液晶显示面板200的某个子像素单元呈暗态时，向对应的染料液晶单元施加驱动电压，此时液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均为水平，该染料液晶单元与偏光片401配合吸收入射至自身的光线，从而防止该光线射出至对应的子像素单元。
步骤S202，当需要液晶显示面板200的某个子像素单元呈亮态时，不向对应的染料液晶单元施加驱动电压，此时液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均为竖直，该染料液晶单元不吸收入射至自身的光线，从而使该光线经过偏光片401后射出至对应的子像素单元。
需要说明的是，步骤S201和步骤S202并无时序上的先后关系。
对于图3所示的液晶显示装置1，定义三维直角坐标系，并将三个坐标轴分别定义为x轴（垂直于纸面的方向）、y轴（纸面内的水平方向，与x轴垂直）和z轴（纸面内的竖直方向，与x轴和y轴均垂直）。第一配向膜201和第二配向膜202采用电控双折射配向方式，其中，第一配向膜201的配向方向为水平，第二配向膜202的配向方向为水平，液晶分子的极性为正性，第一状态为加电状态，第二状态为失电状态。
具体而言，图3所示的液晶显示装置1包括液晶显示面板200和背光模组100，背光模组100包括染料液晶面板10，其中，液晶显示面板200示意出了3个子像素单元，染料液晶面板10示意出了与3个子像素单元一一对应的3个染料液晶单元，为了便于描述，按照从左到右的顺序依次将3个子像素单元分别称为子像素单元A、子像素单元B和子像素单元C，并按照从左到右的顺序依次将3个染料液晶单元称为染料液晶单元a，染料液晶单元b和染料液晶单元c。
染料液晶单元a和染料液晶单元c均处于失电状态（图3所示的OFF即代表失电状态），由于两者的状态相同，因此此处仅以其中一个染料液晶单元，例如染料液晶单元a为例进行说明。染料液晶单元a处于失电状态指的是未向该染料液晶单元对应的第一电极301和第二电极302施加驱动电压，此时，该染料液晶单元中无电场存在，该染料液晶单元中的液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均为水平。此时，对于入射至染料液晶单元a中的光线，其振动方向垂直于z轴，在其振动平面内，沿各个方向振动的光线可以分解为水平方向的偏振光和垂直于纸面的偏振光，长轴方向为水平的染料分子可以吸收方向为水平的偏振光，使得方向为垂直于纸面的偏振光射出至偏光片401。又由于偏光片401的吸光方向与该染料液晶单元中的液晶分子的长轴方向垂直，也即垂直于纸面，因此偏光片401正好将方向垂直于纸面的偏振光完全吸收，即，偏光片401能够与该染料液晶单元配合吸收入射至该染料液晶单元的光线，从而防止该光线射出至子像素单元A，使子像素单元A呈暗态。
染料液晶单元b处于加电状态（图3所示的ON即代表加电状态），指的是向该染料液晶单元对应的第一电极301和第二电极302施加驱动电压，使得该染料液晶单元中形成竖向电场，由于液晶分子的极性为正性，在电场的作用下，正性的液晶分子的长轴方向与电场的方向平行，因此该染料液晶单元中的液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均为竖直。此时，对于入射至染料液晶单元b中的光线，其振动方向垂直于z轴，也即与染料分子的长轴方向垂直，因此染料分子无法吸收该光线，即，该染料液晶单元能够使入射至自身的光线经过偏光片401后产生偏振光并射出至子像素单元B，从而为子像素单元B提供背光，使子像素单元B呈亮态。
作为一个优选的实施例，本发明实施例针对图3所示的液晶显示装置1，提供一种用于驱动该液晶显示装置1的驱动方法，该驱动方法具体包括：
步骤S301，当需要液晶显示面板200的某个子像素单元呈暗态时，不向对应的染料液晶单元施加驱动电压，此时液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均为水平，该染料液晶单元与偏光片401配合吸收入射至自身的光线，从而防止该光线射出至对应的子像素单元。
步骤S302，当需要液晶显示面板200的某个子像素单元呈亮态时，向对应的染料液晶单元施加驱动电压，此时液晶分子和染料分子的长轴方向均为竖直，该染料液晶单元不吸收入射至自身的光线，从而使该光线经过偏光片401后射出至对应的子像素单元。
需要说明的是，步骤S301和步骤S302并无时序上的先后关系。
本发明实施例中的染料分子包括偶氮基团或蒽醌基团。进一步地，针对染料分子的选用，需要保证染料分子在液晶分子中有较高的有序参数和二色比，以保证染料分子的排列有序性和染料液晶单元的对比度，并且，染料分子需要对光、热具有高稳定性，还需要具有较高的消光系数。
对于图1所示的液晶显示装置1，液晶显示面板200、染料液晶面板10和光源中的相邻两个功能层之间均可通过光学胶层进行粘结固定，以保证透光的同时，还可减少液晶显示装置1的整体厚度。
需要说明的是，液晶显示装置1具体可以为手机、电脑以及智能可穿戴设备等，此处不作具体限定。
需要说明的是，在上述实施例中，均以背光模组中的染料液晶单元与液晶显示面板中的子像素单元一一对应设置为例进行说明，如此能够实现最优的像素级别的背光分区调控，当然，在其他实施例中，可以采取一个染料液晶单元对应多个子像素单元的设置方式，以实现较好的背光分区调控。
可以理解的是，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以根据本申请的技术方案及其申请构思加以等同替换或改变，而所有这些改变或替换都应属于本申请所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种背光模组，其中，所述背光模组包括：
    光源和染料液晶面板；
    所述光源用于向所述染料液晶面板提供光线；
    所述染料液晶面板包括染料液晶层，所述染料液晶层包括若干染料液晶单元，所述染料液晶单元包括若干液晶分子和若干染料分子，所述染料液晶单元在处于第一状态时使入射至自身的光线通过，并在处于第二状态时对入射至自身的光线进行调控。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述染料液晶面板还包括设于所述染料液晶层的相对两侧的第一基板和第二基板。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一基板靠近所述第二基板的一侧还设有第一电极层，所述第一电极层包括若干间隔设置的第一电极，若干所述第一电极与若干所述染料液晶单元一一对应设置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的背光模组，其中，所述第二基板靠近所述第一基板的一侧还设有第二电极层，所述第二电极层包括若干间隔设置的第二电极，若干所述第二电极与若干所述染料液晶单元一一对应设置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的背光模组，其中，所述液晶分子为胆甾相液晶分子且极性为正性，所述第一状态为加电状态，所述第二状态为失电状态。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一电极层远离所述第一基板的一侧还设有第一配向膜，所述第二电极层远离所述第二基板的一侧还设有第二配向膜。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一配向膜和所述第二配向膜采用扭曲向列相配向方式，所述液晶分子的极性为正性，所述第一状态为加电状态，所述第二状态为失电状态。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述染料分子包括偶氮基团或蒽醌基团。
  9. 一种液晶显示装置，其中，所述液晶显示装置包括液晶显示面板和背光模组，所述背光模组包括：
    光源和染料液晶面板；
    所述光源用于向所述染料液晶面板提供光线；
    所述染料液晶面板包括染料液晶层，所述染料液晶层包括若干染料液晶单元，所述染料液晶单元包括若干液晶分子和若干染料分子，所述染料液晶单元在处于第一状态时使入射至自身的光线通过，并在处于第二状态时对入射至自身的光线进行调控。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述染料液晶面板还包括设于所述染料液晶层的相对两侧的第一基板和第二基板。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第一基板靠近所述第二基板的一侧还设有第一电极层，所述第一电极层包括若干间隔设置的第一电极，若干所述第一电极与若干所述染料液晶单元一一对应设置。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第二基板靠近所述第一基板的一侧还设有第二电极层，所述第二电极层包括若干间隔设置的第二电极，若干所述第二电极与若干所述染料液晶单元一一对应设置。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述液晶分子为胆甾相液晶分子且极性为正性，所述第一状态为加电状态，所述第二状态为失电状态。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第一电极层远离所述第一基板的一侧还设有第一配向膜，所述第二电极层远离所述第二基板的一侧还设有第二配向膜。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第一配向膜和所述第二配向膜采用扭曲向列相配向方式，所述液晶分子的极性为正性，所述第一状态为加电状态，所述第二状态为失电状态。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述液晶显示面板靠近所述背光模组的一侧设有偏光片，所述偏光片用于在所述染料液晶单元处于第一状态时，与所述染料液晶单元配合使入射至所述染料液晶单元的光线通过，并在所述染料液晶单元处于第二状态时，与所述染料液晶单元配合对入射至所述染料液晶单元的光线进行调控。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第一配向膜和所述第二配向膜采用垂直配向方式，所述液晶分子的极性为负性，所述第一状态为失电状态，所述第二状态为加电状态，所述偏光片的吸光方向与处于所述第二状态下的所述液晶分子的长轴方向垂直。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述第一配向膜和所述第二配向膜采用电控双折射配向方式，所述液晶分子的极性为正性，所述第一状态为加电状态，所述第二状态为失电状态，所述偏光片的吸光方向与处于所述第二状态下的所述液晶分子的长轴方向垂直。
  19. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述液晶显示面板包括若干子像素单元，所述背光模组中的若干所述染料液晶单元与若干所述子像素单元一一对应设置。
  20. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示装置，其中，所述染料分子包括偶氮基团或蒽醌基团。
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