WO2022203228A1 - Composition pour la prévention ou le traitement de maladies inflammatoires provoquées par une matière particulaire ultrafine comprenant un extrait de porphyra tenera en tant que principe actif - Google Patents

Composition pour la prévention ou le traitement de maladies inflammatoires provoquées par une matière particulaire ultrafine comprenant un extrait de porphyra tenera en tant que principe actif Download PDF

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WO2022203228A1
WO2022203228A1 PCT/KR2022/002932 KR2022002932W WO2022203228A1 WO 2022203228 A1 WO2022203228 A1 WO 2022203228A1 KR 2022002932 W KR2022002932 W KR 2022002932W WO 2022203228 A1 WO2022203228 A1 WO 2022203228A1
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fine dust
composition
extract
pharmaceutical composition
preventing
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PCT/KR2022/002932
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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허호진
박선경
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경상국립대학교산학협력단
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Publication of WO2022203228A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022203228A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/02—Algae
    • A61K36/04—Rhodophycota or rhodophyta (red algae), e.g. Porphyra
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
    • A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
    • A61K8/9706—Algae
    • A61K8/9717—Rhodophycota or Rhodophyta [red algae], e.g. Porphyra
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2200/00—Function of food ingredients
    • A23V2200/30—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health
    • A23V2200/32—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health having an effect on the health of the digestive tract
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2200/00—Function of food ingredients
    • A23V2200/30—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health
    • A23V2200/324—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health having an effect on the immune system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composition for preventing or treating inflammatory diseases caused by ultrafine dust comprising an extract of Porphyra tenera ; P. tenera as an active ingredient. It relates to a composition for preventing or treating inflammatory bowel disease (Inflammatory Bowel diseases), inflammatory lung diseases or inflammatory cranial nerve diseases caused by dust.
  • inflammatory bowel disease Inflammatory Bowel diseases
  • inflammatory lung diseases or inflammatory cranial nerve diseases caused by dust.
  • Fine dust has been with Korea's long history, and since ancient times, it has been affected by yellow dust from Mongolia and China's desert regions and the Huanghua River basin. reported (Myung, 2016).
  • Ultrafine dust means fine dust with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 ⁇ m or less, and secondary air pollutants (NO 3 - , SO 4 - , NH4 - , polyacromatichydrocarbon (PAH), quinone, etc.) are predominant (Kim et al., 2017).
  • secondary air pollutants NO 3 - , SO 4 - , NH4 - , polyacromatichydrocarbon (PAH), quinone, etc.
  • PM 10 fine dust with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 ⁇ m or less
  • PM 2.5 being a stronger risk factor.
  • Dust reported to act as Dust with a diameter of 5-10 ⁇ g/m 3 or less can be absorbed into the body through the nasal mucosa, 2-5 ⁇ g/m 3 or less passes through the respiratory tract, and 0.1-1 ⁇ g/m 3 causes alveolar damage.
  • 0.1-1 ⁇ g/m 3 causes alveolar damage.
  • fine dust When fine dust is inhaled into the human body, it can be deposited in tissues by various mechanisms such as collision, gravitational sedimentation, diffusion, and electrostatic adsorption, and some of it circulates throughout the body along with blood.
  • seaweed is emerging as a food material containing various physiologically active substances (Lee et al., 2017).
  • Seaweed There are about 600 types of seaweeds distributed along the coast of Korea, and seaweed has the highest production at 397,000 tons as of 2014, accounting for 36.2% of the total seaweeds.
  • Sesame seaweed ( Porphyra tenera ; P. tenera ) is a red algae belonging to the genus Porphyra and the genus Porphyra.
  • Seaweed is rich in vitamin A, minerals including calcium and iodine, and taurine to lower cholesterol.
  • seaweed is rich in essential amino acids such as Threonine, Tryptophan, and Methionine. .
  • it is known as a vegetable high-protein food due to its high protein content and low calorie (An and Koo, 2017; Noda, 1993).
  • phenolic compounds, flavonoids, contained in seaweed have antioxidant activity and nitrite scavenging activity (Heo et al., 2006).
  • Porphyran composed of 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose and ester sulfate is the most representative of the complex polysaccharides present in seaweed, and hemicellulose composed of xylose and mannose.
  • Porphyra tenera was used to verify the protective effect in various cells and animal tissues exposed to ultrafine dust, thereby confirming its potential as a material for preventing or treating ultrafine dust-induced related inflammatory bowel disease. and it was intended to be used as basic data for industrialization.
  • Porphyra tenera extract on the inflammatory response in an animal model of inflammatory disease induced by ultrafine dust was verified. Specifically, the effect of the seaweed extract was confirmed to improve the length of the intestine and produce short-chain fatty acids in an animal model of inflammatory bowel disease induced by ultrafine dust. In addition, it was confirmed that the growth of beneficial bacteria was promoted and the growth of harmful bacteria was inhibited in NGS analysis, and the expression level of biomarkers related to intestinal cell permeability was also improved.
  • the present invention provides a composition for preventing or treating inflammatory bowel disease, lung disease or cranial nerve disease caused by ultrafine dust containing an extract of Porphyra tenera ; P. tenera as an active ingredient aim to do
  • the effect of sesame extract on the inflammatory response in an animal model of inflammatory bowel disease induced by ultrafine dust the cytotoxic effect of nasal cells, lung cells and cranial nerve cells, and the effect of protecting against ultrafine dust
  • the anti-inflammatory effect of suppressing the lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect and the expression level of inflammation-related proteins in the lung tissue and brain tissue of the exposed animal model the prevention and treatment efficacy of inflammatory diseases caused by ultrafine dust was confirmed, and the present invention completed.
  • the present invention provides a health functional food composition for preventing or improving inflammatory diseases caused by fine dust, comprising a seaweed extract as an active ingredient.
  • the "extract" of the present invention may be characterized by extraction with water or an organic solvent extraction method, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "organic solvent extraction method" of the present invention may be extracted by an organic solvent extraction method using a volatile solvent, preferably 30 to 90% ethanol may be used, more preferably 80% ethanol may be used, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "extract" of the present invention may be characterized by mixing 70 to 90% ethanol extract of sesame seeds and water extract of sesame seeds in a weight ratio of 5:5 to 9:2, preferably It may be characterized in that it is mixed in a weight ratio of 8:2, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "inflammatory disease" of the present invention may be inflammatory bowel disease, lung disease, or cranial nerve disease, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "inflammatory bowel disease due to ultrafine dust" of the present invention may be characterized as any one of ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic constipation, and short bowel syndrome. It is not limited.
  • the "inflammatory lung disease caused by ultrafine dust" of the present invention is any one of pneumonia, asthma, chronic bronchitis, pneumoconiosis, tuberculosis, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cystic fibrosis. can be, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "inflammatory cranial nerve disease due to ultrafine dust" of the present invention may be characterized as any one of stroke, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and Parkinson's disease, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "composition" of the present invention may be characterized by restoring the length of the large intestine reduced due to exposure to fine dust, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "composition" of the present invention may be characterized in that it improves the intestinal flora changed due to exposure to fine dust, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "composition" of the present invention may be characterized by increasing short-chain fatty acids reduced due to exposure to fine dust, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "composition" of the present invention may be characterized in that it inhibits NF- ⁇ B pathway activity, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "composition" of the present invention releases IL-6, IL-12, IFN- ⁇ , TNF- ⁇ and MCP-1 to the outside of the cells to form the colon tissue, lung tissue or brain tissue. It may be characterized in that it suppresses the inflammatory response, but is not limited thereto.
  • composition of the present invention may be characterized by increasing the expression of Occludin and claudin-1, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "composition” of the present invention has an effect of inhibiting the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ultranasal cells, lung cells or brain neurons, and ultrafine dust ( PM 2.5 )
  • ROS reactive oxygen species
  • PM 2.5 ultrafine dust
  • Inducible nasal cells, lung cells or cranial nerve cells may be characterized by increased cell viability against cytotoxicity due to ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ), but is not limited thereto.
  • the "composition” of the present invention increases the activity of SOD (Superoxide dismutase) reduced in ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) induced lung tissue or brain tissue, and reduced glutathione (Glutathione) It may be characterized by increasing the content and inhibiting the production of malondialdehyde (MDA), but is not limited thereto.
  • SOD Superoxide dismutase
  • PM 2.5 ultrafine dust
  • Glutathione glutathione
  • MDA malondialdehyde
  • the "composition" of the present invention may be characterized in that it improves the mitochondrial damage of lung tissue or brain tissue damaged by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) exposure, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "composition" of the present invention improves spatial recognition ability reduced by exposure to ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ), and long-term learning and reduced exposure to ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) It may be characterized by improving memory, but is not limited thereto.
  • the "composition" of the present invention may be characterized in that it improves the cholinergic system in which the function is deteriorated by exposure to ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ), but is not limited thereto.
  • the "composition” of the present invention suppresses the production of amyloid beta (A ⁇ ) increased by exposure to ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ), and increased by exposure to ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) It may be characterized by reducing the expression of Phospho-Tau (p-tau), but is not limited thereto.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating inflammatory diseases caused by fine dust comprising a seaweed extract as an active ingredient.
  • the present invention provides a cosmetic composition for preventing or improving inflammatory diseases caused by fine dust comprising a seaweed extract as an active ingredient.
  • the present invention provides a method for treating inflammatory bowel disease, inflammatory lung disease or inflammatory cranial nerve disease caused by fine dust, comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition to an individual.
  • Sesame seaweed ( Porphyra tenera ; P. tenera ) extract of the present invention is excellent in preventing, improving or treating inflammatory diseases caused by ultrafine dust, so a health functional food composition for preventing or improving inflammatory diseases caused by ultrafine dust, It can be usefully used as a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating inflammatory diseases caused by ultrafine dust or a cosmetic composition for preventing or improving inflammatory diseases caused by ultrafine dust.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the effect of improving the length of the large intestine in an animal model induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of a seaweed extract of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating changes in the intestinal microbial flora in an animal model induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of a seaweed extract of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating analysis of short-chain fatty acids in feces of an animal model induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of a seaweed extract of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing the anti-inflammatory effect in the colon tissue on the inflammatory response induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of the present invention seaweed extract.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the anti-inflammatory effect in lung tissue induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of the extract of Sesame seaweed of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a diagram showing the anti-inflammatory effect in the brain tissue induced by ultra-fine dust (PM 2.5 ) of the sesame extract of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the protective effect of the tight-junction of the colon tissue induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of the present invention sesame extract.
  • FIG. 8 shows the water and 80% ethanol extracts of Porphyra tener a for oxidative stress induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) in (A) RPMI-2650 and (B) A549 cells of the Porphyra tener extract of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the intracellular ROS content of water and 80% ethanol extract of Porphyra tener a for oxidative stress induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) in MC-IXC cells of the extract of the present invention. .
  • FIG. 10 shows the water and 80% ethanol extracts of Porphyra tener a for the cytotoxicity induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) in (A) RPMI-2650 and (B) A549 cells of the Porphyra tener extract of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the cell viability of water and 80% ethanol extract of Porphyra tener a for cytotoxicity induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) in MC-IXC cells of the extract of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the measurement of antioxidant biomarkers in lung tissue induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of the Sesame seaweed extract of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the measurement of antioxidant biomarker in brain tissue induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of Sesame seaweed extract of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the measurement of mitochondrial activity in the lung tissue induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of the sesame extract of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the measurement of mitochondrial activity in brain tissue induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of the Sesame seaweed extract of the present invention.
  • 16 is a diagram showing the evaluation of memory in mice exposed to ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of the extract of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the measurement of cholinergic system activity in the brain tissue induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of the Sesame seeds extract of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating changes in cognitive function-related protein in brain tissue induced by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) of a seaweed extract of the present invention.
  • 19 is a diagram showing the results of analyzing the main physiologically active substances of the sesame extract of the present invention.
  • a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating inflammatory diseases caused by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) comprising an extract of Porphyra tenera as an active ingredient.
  • the extract according to the present invention may be obtained by extraction and separation from nature using an extraction and separation method known in the art, and the "extract" as defined in the present invention is sesame ( Porphyra tenera ) using an appropriate solvent. It is extracted from, for example, includes all of the crude extract, polar solvent-soluble extract or non-polar solvent-soluble extract.
  • any organic solvent acceptable for food science / pharmaceutical / cosmetic may be used, and water or an organic solvent may be used, but is not limited thereto,
  • water or an organic solvent may be used, but is not limited thereto,
  • purified water methanol (Methanol), ethanol (Ethanol), propanol (Propanol), isopropanol (Isopropanol), butanol (Butanol), etc. containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms alcohol, acetone (Acetone), ether (Ether)
  • Various solvents such as , benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methylene chloride, hexane and cyclohexane can be used alone or in combination.
  • any one of methods such as hot water extraction, cold extraction, reflux cooling extraction, solvent extraction, steam distillation, ultrasonic extraction, elution, and compression may be selected and used.
  • the desired extract may be further subjected to a conventional fractionation process, and may be purified using a conventional purification method.
  • the extract included in the composition of the present invention may be prepared in a powder state by an additional process such as distillation under reduced pressure and freeze-drying or spray-drying the primary extract extracted by the hot water extraction or solvent extraction method described above.
  • the first extract was further purified using various chromatography methods such as silica gel column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography. you may get Therefore, in the present invention, the extract is a concept including all extracts, fractions, and purified products obtained in each step of extraction, fractionation or purification, and dilutions, concentrates or dried products thereof.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may further include an adjuvant in addition to the active ingredient. Any adjuvant known in the art may be used without limitation.
  • the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention may be prepared in a form in which the active ingredient is incorporated into a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier includes carriers, excipients and diluents commonly used in the pharmaceutical field.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers that can be used in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention include, but are not limited to, lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, maltitol, starch, acacia gum, alginate, gelatin, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, cellulose, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, water, methylhydroxybenzoate, propylhydroxybenzoate, talc, magnesium stearate and mineral oil.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be formulated in the form of oral dosage forms such as powders, granules, tablets, capsules, suspensions, emulsions, syrups, aerosols, etc., external preparations, suppositories, or sterile injection solutions according to conventional methods, respectively. .
  • Solid preparations for oral administration include tablets, pills, powders, granules, capsules, etc., and such solid preparations include at least one excipient in the active ingredient, for example, starch, calcium carbonate, sucrose, lactose, gelatin. It can be prepared by mixing and the like. In addition to simple excipients, lubricants such as magnesium stearate and talc may also be used.
  • Liquid formulations for oral administration include suspensions, solutions, emulsions, syrups, etc.
  • compositions for parenteral administration include sterile aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, emulsions, lyophilized formulations and suppositories.
  • non-aqueous solvent and suspending agent propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil, and injectable esters such as ethyl oleate may be used.
  • base of the suppository Witepsol, Tween 61, cacao butter, laurin fat, glycerogelatin, etc. may be used.
  • composition according to the present invention may be administered to an individual by various routes. Any mode of administration can be envisaged, for example, by oral, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal injection.
  • the pharmaceutical composition may be formulated in various oral or parenteral dosage forms.
  • Formulations for oral administration include, for example, tablets, pills, hard, soft capsules, solutions, suspensions, emulsifiers, syrups, granules, and the like. crose, mannitol, sorbitol, cellulose and/or glycine), lubricants (eg silica, talc, stearic acid and its magnesium or calcium salts and/or polyethylene glycol).
  • the tablet may contain a binder such as magnesium aluminum silicate, starch paste, gelatin, tragacanth, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and/or polyvinylpyrrolidine, and optionally starch, agar, alginic acid. or disintegrants such as sodium salts thereof or effervescent mixtures and/or absorbents, coloring, flavoring and sweetening agents.
  • the formulation may be prepared by conventional mixing, granulating or coating methods.
  • a representative formulation for parenteral administration is an injection formulation
  • examples of the solvent for the injection formulation include water, Ringer's solution, isotonic saline or suspension.
  • the sterile, fixed oil of the injectable preparation may be used as a solvent or suspending medium, and any non-irritating fixed oil including mono- and di-glycerides may be used for this purpose.
  • the injection preparation may use a fatty acid such as oleic acid.
  • it relates to a method for treating inflammatory bowel disease, inflammatory lung disease or inflammatory cranial nerve disease due to fine dust, comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition to an individual.
  • the term "subject” refers to a subject in need of a method for preventing, controlling or treating a disease, and may be used without limitation, such as humans, dogs, monkeys, cats, rodents, such as mice, genetically engineered mice, and the like. More specifically, it refers to mammals such as human or non-human primates, mice, rats, dogs, cats, horses, and cattle.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be administered in a therapeutically effective amount or a pharmaceutically effective amount.
  • the term "therapeutically effective amount” refers to an amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a composition effective for preventing or treating a target disease
  • the therapeutically effective amount of the composition of the present invention depends on several factors, for example, It may vary depending on the method of administration, the target site, and the condition of the patient. Therefore, when used in the human body, the dosage should be determined as an appropriate amount in consideration of both safety and efficiency. It is also possible to estimate the amount used in humans from the effective amount determined through animal experiments. These considerations in determining effective amounts are found, for example, in Hardman and Limbird, eds., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 10th ed. (2001), Pergamon Press; and E.W. Martin ed., Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18th ed. (1990), Mack Publishing Co.
  • the term “pharmaceutically effective amount” refers to an amount sufficient to treat a disease at a reasonable benefit/risk ratio applicable to medical treatment and not to cause side effects, and the effective dose level is determined by the patient's health condition. , disease type, severity, drug activity, sensitivity to drug, administration method, administration time, administration route and excretion rate, treatment period, factors including drugs used in combination or concurrently, and other factors well known in the medical field can be decided.
  • the composition of the present invention may be administered as an individual therapeutic agent or in combination with other therapeutic agents, may be administered sequentially or simultaneously with conventional therapeutic agents, and may be administered singly or multiple times. In consideration of all of the above factors, it is important to administer an amount that can obtain the maximum effect with a minimum amount without side effects, which can be easily determined by those skilled in the art.
  • a health functional food composition for preventing or improving inflammatory diseases caused by fine dust comprising an extract of Porphyra tenera as an active ingredient.
  • the health functional food composition of the present invention may contain various flavoring agents or natural carbohydrates as additional ingredients like a conventional food composition in addition to containing the extract as an active ingredient.
  • Examples of the above-mentioned natural carbohydrates include monosaccharides such as glucose, fructose and the like; disaccharides such as maltose, sucrose and the like; and polysaccharides such as conventional sugars such as dextrin and cyclodextrin, and sugar alcohols such as xylitol, sorbitol, and erythritol.
  • the above-described flavoring agent may advantageously use a natural flavoring agent (taumatine), a stevia extract (eg, rebaudioside A, glycyrrhizin, etc.), and a synthetic flavoring agent (saccharin, aspartame, etc.).
  • the food composition of the present invention may be formulated in the same manner as the pharmaceutical composition and used as a functional food or added to various foods.
  • Foods to which the composition of the present invention can be added include, for example, beverages, meat, chocolate, foods, confectionery, pizza, ramen, other noodles, gums, candy, ice cream, alcoholic beverages, vitamin complexes and health supplements. There is this.
  • the food composition contains various nutrients, vitamins, minerals (electrolytes), synthetic flavors and natural flavoring agents, colorants and thickeners (cheese, chocolate, etc.), pectic acid and salts thereof, in addition to the active ingredient extract. , alginic acid and its salts, organic acids, protective colloidal thickeners, pH adjusters, stabilizers, preservatives, glycerin, alcohols, carbonation agents used in carbonated beverages, and the like.
  • the food composition of the present invention may contain natural fruit juice and pulp for the production of fruit juice beverages and vegetable beverages.
  • the functional food composition of the present invention may be manufactured and processed in the form of tablets, capsules, powders, granules, liquids, pills, and the like.
  • the term 'health functional food composition' refers to food manufactured and processed using raw materials or ingredients useful for the human body according to Act No. 6727 of the Health Functional Food Act, and It refers to intake for the purpose of obtaining useful effects for health purposes, such as regulating nutrients or physiological effects.
  • the health functional food of the present invention may contain general food additives, and the suitability as a food additive is determined according to the general rules and general test methods of food additives approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, unless otherwise specified. It is judged according to the relevant standards and standards.
  • the items listed in the 'Food Additives Code' include, for example, chemical compounds such as ketones, glycine, calcium citrate, nicotinic acid, and cinnamic acid; natural additives such as persimmon pigment, licorice extract, crystalline cellulose, high pigment, and guar gum; Mixed preparations, such as a sodium L-glutamate preparation, a noodle-added alkali agent, a preservative preparation, and a tar dye preparation, etc. are mentioned.
  • chemical compounds such as ketones, glycine, calcium citrate, nicotinic acid, and cinnamic acid
  • natural additives such as persimmon pigment, licorice extract, crystalline cellulose, high pigment, and guar gum
  • Mixed preparations such as a sodium L-glutamate preparation, a noodle-added alkali agent, a preservative preparation, and a tar dye preparation, etc. are mentioned.
  • the health functional food in tablet form is granulated by a conventional method by mixing a mixture of the active ingredient of the present invention with an excipient, binder, disintegrant and other additives, followed by compression molding by putting a lubricant, etc., or The mixture can be compression molded directly.
  • the health functional food in the form of tablets may contain a corrosive agent and the like, if necessary.
  • hard capsules can be prepared by filling a mixture of the active ingredient of the present invention with additives such as excipients in ordinary hard capsules. It can be prepared by filling a mixture mixed with a capsule base such as gelatin.
  • the soft capsules may contain a plasticizer such as glycerin or sorbitol, a colorant, a preservative, and the like, if necessary.
  • the health functional food in the form of a ring can be prepared by molding a mixture of the active ingredient of the present invention with an excipient, a binder, a disintegrant, etc. by a known method, and if necessary, it can be coated with sucrose or other skinning agent, Alternatively, the surface may be coated with a material such as starch or talc.
  • the health functional food in the form of granules can be prepared in granular form by a conventionally known method by mixing a mixture of the active ingredient excipients, binders, disintegrants, etc. of the present invention, and may contain flavoring agents, flavoring agents, etc. can
  • a cosmetic composition for preventing or improving inflammatory diseases caused by ultrafine dust (PM 2.5 ) comprising an extract of Porphyra tenera as an active ingredient.
  • the "cosmetic composition" of the present invention can be prepared by including a cosmetically effective amount of the extract extracted from Porphyra tenera of the present invention and a cosmetically acceptable carrier.
  • cosmetic effective amount means an amount sufficient to achieve the inflammatory bowel disease improvement effect due to fine dust of the composition of the present invention described above.
  • the appearance of the cosmetic composition contains a cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable medium or base. It is in any dosage form suitable for topical application, e.g. solutions, gels, solids, kneaded dry products, emulsions obtained by dispersing the oily phase in an aqueous phase, suspensions, microemulsions, microcapsules, microgranules or, ionic (liposomes) and It may be provided in the form of a non-ionic vesicular dispersant, or in the form of a cream, skin, lotion, powder, ointment, spray or concealer stick.
  • These compositions can be prepared according to conventional methods in the art.
  • the composition according to the invention may also be used in the form of a foam or in the form of an aerosol composition further containing a compressed propellant.
  • the cosmetic composition according to an embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited in its formulation, for example, softening lotion, astringent lotion, nourishing lotion, nourishing cream, massage cream, essence, eye cream, eye essence, cleansing It can be formulated into cosmetics such as cream, cleansing foam, cleansing water, pack, powder, body lotion, body cream, body oil, and body essence.
  • the formulation of the cosmetic composition of the present invention is a paste, cream, or gel, animal fiber, vegetable fiber, wax, paraffin, starch, tracanth, cellulose derivative, polyethylene glycol, silicone, bentonite, silica, talc or zinc oxide, etc. This can be used.
  • lactose, talc, silica, aluminum hydroxide, calcium silicate or polyamide powder may be used as a carrier component, and in particular, in the case of a spray, additional chlorofluorohydro It may contain a propellant such as carbon, propane/butane or dimethyl ether.
  • a solvent, solvating agent or emulsifying agent is used as a carrier component, for example, water, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, propylene fatty acid esters of glycol, 1,3-butylglycol oil, glycerol aliphatic esters, polyethylene glycol or sorbitan.
  • the formulation of the cosmetic composition of the present invention is a suspension
  • a liquid diluent such as water, ethanol or propylene glycol
  • a suspending agent such as ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene sorbitol ester and polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester
  • Microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum metahydroxide, bentonite, agar, or tracanth may be used.
  • the formulation of the cosmetic composition of the present invention is surfactant-containing cleansing
  • fatty acid amide ether sulfate, alkylamidobetaine fatty alcohol, fatty acid glyceride, fatty acid diethanolamide, vegetable oil, linolin derivative or ethoxylated glycerol fatty acid ester, and the like
  • the cosmetic composition of the present invention includes skin, lotion, cream, essence, pack, foundation, color cosmetics, sun cream, two-way cake, face powder, compact, makeup base, skin cover, eye shadow, lipstick, lip gloss, lip fix, eyebrow pencil It can be applied to cosmetics such as , lotion, and detergents such as shampoo and soap.
  • the cosmetic composition according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include functional additives and components included in general cosmetic compositions in addition to the extract extracted from the Porphyra tenera .
  • the functional additive may include a component selected from the group consisting of water-soluble vitamins, oil-soluble vitamins, high-molecular peptides, high-molecular polysaccharides, sphingolipids, and seaweed extract.
  • a component contained in a general cosmetic composition may be further blended with the functional additive as needed.
  • Other ingredients included include oils and fats, moisturizers, emollients, surfactants, organic and inorganic pigments, organic powders, UV absorbers, preservatives, fungicides, antioxidants, plant extracts, pH adjusters, alcohols, pigments, fragrances, blood circulation accelerators, cooling agents, limiting agents, purified water, and the like.
  • Porphyra tenera used in this experiment was purchased from Wando, Jeollanam-do in February 2018, and washed with running water to remove salt and impurities.
  • the washed laver was dried using a freeze dryer (Ilshin Lab Co., Ltd., Yangju, Korea), powdered, and stored frozen (-20 °C).
  • Sesame seaweed extract was extracted by adding 500 mL of water (distilled water) and 80% ethanol to 10 g of dry powder, respectively, and using a reflux condenser at 40°C for 2 hours.
  • the extract was vacuum filtered using No.2 filter paper (Whatman Inc., Kent, UK).
  • the filtrate was concentrated using a rotary vacuum concentrator (NN series, EYELA Co., Tokyo, Japan), lyophilized, and stored frozen (-20°C) and used in the experiment.
  • the mixture (Mix) of Sesame seaweed extract was used in the experiment by mixing 80% Sesame seaweed extract and water extract in a weight ratio of 8:2.
  • mice The animals used in this experiment were purchased from 6-week-old male BALB/c mice (Samtako, Osan, Korea), maintained at a temperature of 22 ⁇ 2°C and a relative humidity of 50 ⁇ 5%, and provided with sufficient water and feed. environment was maintained. All experiments were performed under the approval of Gyeongsang National University's Animal Experiment Ethics Committee (IACUC approval number: GNU-180927-M0050). After an acclimatization period for one week, the experimental animals were bred by dividing them into a normal control group (NC), a group exposed to fine dust (PM 2.5 ), and a seaweed extract diet group.
  • NC normal control group
  • PM 2.5 a group exposed to fine dust
  • seaweed extract diet group a seaweed extract diet group.
  • the fine dust group and the sesame extract diet group were exposed to fine dust in the whole body exposure chamber, and the normal control group was injected with filtered air.
  • the length of the colon was measured from the colon to the rectum after removal of intestinal feces and wastes using PBS.
  • the result of measuring the length of the large intestine is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the length of the large intestine was decreased by about 11.37% in the PM 2.5 exposed group (7.66 cm) compared to the normal control group (9.80 cm).
  • the water extract diet group (WP200; 8.43 cm) and the mixture diet group (Mix200; 9.10 cm) were found to recover the length of the colon to a statistically significant level compared to the normal control group (Figs. 1a and 1b).
  • DNA was extracted from frozen feces using the QIAamp DNA stool mini kit (Qiagen Canada, Mississauga, ON, Canada). Then, the extracted DNA was analyzed for intestinal flora using Next-generation sequencing (NGS) 16S rRNA sequencing.
  • NGS Next-generation sequencing
  • Lactobacillus (Family; Lactobacillaceae) and Alistipes (Family; Rikenellaceae) colonies was observed by exposure to fine dust (FIG. 2c).
  • Lactobacillus known as a representative beneficial bacteria, was significantly reduced compared to the normal control group (59.12%) by exposure to fine dust (1.21%), whereas water extract (WP200; 6.14%) and laver mixture (Mix200; 20.06%) diet showed improved results.
  • Lactobacillus murinus group (Firmicutes; Lactobacillaceae; Lactobacillus) was the dominant species with 57.79% of the normal control group (Fig. 2d).
  • the result was significantly reduced to 1.15%, and the water extract diet group (WP200; 6.03%) and the mixture diet group (Mix200; 19.71%) showed somewhat improved results.
  • Frozen feces were homogenized using 5 mM NaOH, and then centrifuged (12,000 ⁇ g for 10 min at 4°C) to obtain a supernatant.
  • 2-ethlbutric acid, propanol/pridine (3:2) and propyl chloromate to the supernatant, react at room temperature for 1 minute, and extract it with hexane on a DB-5MS column (5% phenyl methyl siloxane, 30 m ⁇ 0.25 mm, thickness 0.25 ⁇ m) and GC-MS (GC-MS-TQ 8030 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan).
  • the assay conditions were as follows; Split ratio 50:1, Injection temp 260°C, Column oven temp 60°C, Flow rate 1.0 mL/min. The initial temperature was maintained at 40°C for 5 minutes, and the rate was maintained at 10°C/min until it reached 310°C.
  • FIG. 3 The results of measuring short-chain fatty acids (Acetate, Propionate, Butyrate), which are beneficial intestinal metabolites, are shown in FIG. 3 .
  • Acetate and Propionate decreased compared to the normal control group (Acetate; 5.39 mM, Propionate; 0.32 mM, Butyrate; 0.70 mM).
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b butyrate content was found to have no statistically significant difference (Fig. 3c).
  • both the laver water extract diet group (WP 200; acetate; 9.08 mM, Propionate; 0.38 mM, Butyrate; 2.07 mM) and the seaweed mixture extract (Acetate; 9.11 mM, Propionate; 0.35 mM, Butyrate; 4.30 mM) diet group were all normal. It showed a very high content of short-chain fatty acids even when compared with the control group.
  • Protein expression in tissues was homogenized with ProtinEx TM Animalcell/tissue (GeneAll Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea) containing 1% Protease inhibitor cocktails (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rockford, IL, USA). After the homogenate was centrifuged (13,000 ⁇ g, 12 minutes, 4°C), the supernatant was adjusted to have the same amount of protein using Bradford reagent (Bio-rad). Thereafter, Laemelli buffer (5X) was added and reacted at 95° C. for 5 minutes, followed by separation through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE).
  • the separated protein was transferred to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA) and blocked using 5% skim milk. Blocked membrane was reacted with primary antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA) diluted 1:1000 at 4°C. After overnight, the membrane was reacted with a secondary antibody diluted 1:5000 at room temperature for 2 hours, and ProNATM ECL Ottimo (TransLab, Daejeon, Korea) was added and detected through ChemiDoc (Korea Biomics, Seoul, Korea) did.
  • IL-6 IL-6, IL-12(p70), IFN- ⁇ , MCP-1, TNF- ⁇
  • Milliplex MAP mouse high sensitivity T cell magnetic bead panel kit Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany
  • MAGPIX r instrument Luminex Corporation, Austin, TX, USA
  • xMAP technology xPONENT 4.2 software.
  • FIG. 4 The results of measuring the effect of the extract of Sesame Seeds on the fine dust-induced inflammatory response in the colon tissue are shown in FIG. 4 .
  • Exposure to fine dust increased the expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 in the colon, which induced phosphorylation of inhibitor kappa B-alpha (I ⁇ B), thereby separating the binding to nuclear factor (NF)- ⁇ B.
  • TLR Toll-like receptor
  • I ⁇ B inhibitor kappa B-alpha
  • NF- ⁇ B pathway by exposure to fine dust resulted in inducing an inflammatory response
  • Activation of the NF- ⁇ B pathway in colon tissue was shown to increase the release of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, IFN- ⁇ , TNF- ⁇ , and MCP-1).
  • the water extract diet group (WP200) and the mixture diet group (Mix200) finally inhibited the NF- ⁇ B pathway activity of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, IFN- ⁇ , TNF- ⁇ and MCP-1). By effectively controlling the release, it is considered that it can help to effectively control the inflammatory response of the colon tissue.
  • TLR-4 toll-like receptor 4 due to exposure to fine dust.
  • TLR-4 induced expression of p -c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and phosphorylation of inhibitor kappa B-alpha (I ⁇ B), and caspase through nuclear factor (NF)- ⁇ B pathway and inflammasome formation.
  • JNK p -c-Jun N-terminal kinases
  • I ⁇ B inhibitor kappa B-alpha
  • NF nuclear factor
  • -1 was shown to induce activation ( FIGS. 5a-b and 6a-b ).
  • NF- ⁇ B pathway activation and inflammasome formation were shown to release inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 ⁇ , IL-6, IL-12, IFN- ⁇ , TNF- ⁇ and MCP-1) to the outside of the cell (Fig. 5c, Fig.
  • the mixture diet group (Mix200) also inhibited the release of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 ⁇ , IL-6, IL-12, IFN- ⁇ , TNF- ⁇ and MCP-1). Diet can also help to effectively improve the inflammatory response of brain tissue induced by fine dust.
  • Tight-junction consists of endogenous membrane proteins, Occludin, Claudins, junctional adhesion molecular and ricellulin, and Zonula occluden, a structural surface membrane protein. It is known to play an important role in protecting against infection or inflammation by acting as a barrier involved in the transport of substances between the outside and inside of cells. However, if the tight-junction is damaged by external stress, and the permeability is increased, toxins are introduced into the body. Therefore, the expression levels of Occludin and Claudin-1, which are tight-junction constituent proteins, were measured in the colon tissue exposed to fine dust, and the results are shown in FIG. 7 .
  • Nasal cells used in this experiment were purchased from the Korea Cell Line Bank (Seoul, Korea), 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin (50 units/mL)/streptomycin (100 ⁇ g/ mL) containing Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI1640) medium was used.
  • Lung (A549) cells were purchased from the American type culture collection (ATCC, Manasas, VA, USA), 10% bovine calf serum (CS) and 1% penicillin (50 units/mL)/streptomycin (100 ⁇ g/mL). Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) containing this was used.
  • DMEM Dulbecco's modified eagle medium
  • M-IXC Brain neurons
  • ATCC American type culture collection
  • VA Manasas, VA, USA
  • penicillin 50 units/mL
  • streptomycin 100 ⁇ g/mL
  • Minimum essential medium MEM was used as a culture medium and cultured at 37° C. under 5% CO 2 conditions.
  • the ultrafine dust treatment group (325.99%) in the nasal cells showed a 3.26-fold increase in intracellular ROS content compared to the control group (100.00%), and vitamin C used as a positive control group was found to effectively inhibit ROS production in cells by about 72.29%.
  • 80% ethanol extract at a concentration of 5 ⁇ g/mL or higher showed a relatively high intracellular ROS production inhibitory effect compared to water extract, and 80% ethanol extract (143.03%) and water extract at a concentration of 50 ⁇ g/mL (198.87%) was found to effectively inhibit ROS generation in nasal cells against ultrafine dust.
  • FIG. 8a the ultrafine dust treatment group (325.99%) in the nasal cells (RPMI-2650) showed a 3.26-fold increase in intracellular ROS content compared to the control group (100.00%), and vitamin C used as a positive control group was found to effectively inhibit ROS production in cells by about 72.29%.
  • 80% ethanol extract at a concentration of 5 ⁇ g/mL or higher showed a relatively
  • the ultrafine dust treatment group in the lung cells (A549), the ultrafine dust treatment group (596.70%) showed an about 5.97-fold increase in the intracellular ROS content compared to the control group (100.00%), and vitamin C used as a positive control group was about Intracellular ROS production was inhibited at a level significantly higher than that of the control at 109.98%.
  • the 80% ethanol extract showed a relatively high ROS production inhibitory effect compared to the water extract, and the 80% ethanol extract (306.20%) at a concentration of 50 ⁇ g/mL inhibited ROS production significantly higher than the water extract (374.14%). showed effect.
  • the ultrafine dust treatment group (324.11%) showed an intracellular ROS content that was increased by about 3.24 times compared to the control group (100.00%), and was used as a positive control.
  • Vitamin C inhibited ROS production in cells lower than the control by about 71.96%.
  • the 80% ethanol extract showed a relatively high ROS production inhibitory effect compared to the water extract, and the 80% ethanol extract (91.04%) at a concentration of 50 ⁇ g/mL showed a lower ROS content than the control, and the water extract ( 252.57%) showed an excellent ROS generation inhibitory effect.
  • the ultrafine dust treatment group 42.55%
  • the vitamin C used as a positive control group was 44.26%
  • the survival rate of Sesame seaweed extract showed significant results with the positive control group at a concentration of 50 ⁇ g/mL (45.45%).
  • 20 ⁇ g/mL (49.88%) of the 80% ethanol extract showed increased cell viability compared to the ultrafine dust treatment group, and decreased cell viability at 50 ⁇ g/mL concentration.
  • SOD superoxide dismutase
  • the PM 2.5 exposure group (1.49 U/mg of protein) showed a relatively decreased result compared to the normal control group (1.69 U/mg of protein), and the water extract diet group (WP200; 1.85) U / mg of protein) and the mixture diet group (Mix200; 1.70 U / mg of protein), it was confirmed that the activity of the antioxidant enzyme SOD was increased (Fig. 12a).
  • the PM 2.5 exposure group (2.27 nmole/mg of protein) showed a relatively decreased result compared to the normal control group (4.04 nmole/mg of protein), and the seaweed extract diet group (WP200; 4.19 nmole/mg of protein) showed an improved effect to the level of the normal control group (FIG. 12b).
  • the MDA content was measured. Add PBS corresponding to 10 times the tissue weight, homogenize, and centrifuge (6,000 ⁇ g , 10 min, 4 °C) to take the supernatant and use it for the experiment. After mixing 1% phosphoric acid with the extracted mouse tissue homogenate, 0.67% thiobarbituric acid was added and reacted at 95°C for 1 hour. The absorbance of the reaction solution was measured at 532 nm, and the MDA content was expressed as a concentration of nmole/mg protein.
  • the PM 2.5 exposure group (9.84 nmole/mg of protein) showed a relatively increased result compared to the normal control group (8.05 nmole/mg of protein).
  • the mixture diet (Mix200; 9.05 nmole/mg of protein) was able to confirm a somewhat decreased content (Fig. 12c).
  • SOD superoxide dismutase
  • the result of evaluating SOD activity in brain tissue is shown in FIG. 13A.
  • the PM 2.5 exposure group (0.68 U/mg of protein) showed a 30.61% decrease in activity compared to the normal control group (0.98 U/mg of protein).
  • WP 200 1.15 U/mg of protein
  • Mc200 0.79 U/mg of protein
  • the reduced GSH content in brain tissue was measured in the same manner as in Experimental Example 8.
  • the result of measuring the reduced glutathione content in brain tissue is shown in Figure 13b.
  • the PM 2.5 exposure group (9.17 nmole/mg of protein) decreased about 15% compared to the normal control group (10.84 nmole/mg of protein), and the water extract diet group (WP200; 13.19 nmole/mg of protein) was It was shown to increase the content of reduced glutathione.
  • the degree of lipid peroxidation in brain tissue was evaluated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 8.
  • the PM 2.5 exposure group (61.08 nmole/mg of protein) showed an increase of about 142.24% compared to the normal control group (42.94 nmole/mg of protein).
  • the water extract diet group (WP200; 36.44 nmole/mg of protein) and the mixture diet group (Mix200; 36.63 nmole/mg of protein) effectively inhibited lipid peroxidation in brain tissue ( FIG. 13c ).
  • an isolation buffer containing 1 mM ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) [215 mM mannitol, 75 mM sucrose, 0.1% BSA, 20 mM HEPES(Na + ), pH7.2] is added and homogenized.
  • the homogenized tissue was centrifuged (1,300 ⁇ g , 5 min, 4 °C), and the supernatant was centrifuged again (13,000 ⁇ g , 10 min, 4 °C).
  • Isolation buffer containing 1 mM EGTA and 0.1% digitonin was added to the pellet, reacted on ice for 5 minutes, and centrifuged (13,000 ⁇ g , 10 minutes, 4 °C). After adding isolation buffer to the pellet, centrifugation (10,000 ⁇ g , 15 minutes, 4°C) was performed, and the final pellet was used as the tissue mitochondria for an experiment.
  • EGTA ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid
  • ROS reactive oxygen species
  • the mitochondrial ROS content was determined by using the isolated mitochondrial extract with KCl-based respiration buffer [125 mM potassium chloride, 2 mM potassium phosphate, 20 mM HEPES, 1 mM magnesium chloride, 500 ⁇ M EGTA, 2.5 mM malate and 5 mM pyruvate] and 25 ⁇ M DCF-DA. After reacting for 20 minutes, it was evaluated by measuring the fluorescence intensity at excitation wave 485 nm and emission wave 535 nm using a fluorometer.
  • KCl-based respiration buffer [125 mM potassium chloride, 2 mM potassium phosphate, 20 mM HEPES, 1 mM magnesium chloride, 500 ⁇ M EGTA, 2.5 mM malate and 5 mM pyruvate] and 25 ⁇ M DCF-DA. After reacting for 20 minutes, it was evaluated by measuring the fluorescence intensity at excitation wave 485 nm and emission wave 535 nm using a fluorometer.
  • the PM 2.5 exposure group (141.84%) compared to the normal control group (100.00%) showed a relatively increased result.
  • the water extract diet group (WP200) and the mixture diet group (Mix200) it was shown to effectively inhibit the generation of ROS in mitochondria by 107.71% and 89.19%, respectively (FIG. 14a).
  • the PM 2.5 exposure group (136.47%) showed a relatively increased content compared to the normal control group (100.00%)
  • the water extract diet group (WP200; 96.27%) was the brain It was shown to effectively reduce the mitochondrial ROS content in tissues ( FIG. 15A ).
  • Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured with assay solution [5 mM pyruvate, 5 mM malate in isolation buffer] and 1 ⁇ M 5,5′,6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′ in isolated mitochondria.
  • -Tetraethylbenzimidazolcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) dye is mixed in 96 wells of black and allowed to react in the dark for 20 minutes. After the reaction, the fluorescence intensity was measured at 530 nm (excitation wave) and 590 nm (emission wave) using a fluorometer.
  • the PM 2.5 exposure group showed a reduction of about 20.85% compared to the normal control group (100.00%), and the water extract diet group (WP200; 90.70%) and the laver mixture diet group (Mix200; 94.22%) showed a somewhat restored mitochondrial membrane potential compared to the PM 2.5 exposure group, but there was no statistically significant difference ( FIG. 14b ).
  • the PM 2.5 exposure group (81.60%) showed a decrease (100.00%) compared to the normal control group, and the diet of water extract (WP 200; 94.24%) and mixture (Mix200; 91.27%) was the mitochondrial membrane It was shown to help improve dislocation (FIG. 15b).
  • ATP content in mitochondria is added to the isolated mitochondria by adding 1% TCA solution and standing on ice, and then 25 mM sodium acetate buffer (pH 7.4) is added. The ATP level of the supernatant was measured in a luminometer (Promega) using the ENLITEN ® ATP assay systemkit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA).
  • the M 2.5 exposure group (63.52%) showed a reduced content of about 36.48% compared to the normal control group (100.00%).
  • the water extract diet group (WP200; 82.27%) was found to slightly increase the ATP content in mitochondria due to exposure to fine dust (FIG. 14c).
  • the ATP content of the PM 2.5 exposure group (79.15%) was decreased compared to the normal control group (100.00%), and the water extract diet group (WP200; 94.22%) and the mixture diet group (Mix200; 72.42%) slightly increased. content was shown (FIG. 15c).
  • Proteins related to the apoptosis pathway were measured using the western blot method, and were performed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 4-1.
  • the experimental results related to the lung tissue are shown in FIGS. 14d-e, and the experimental results related to the brain tissue are shown in FIGS. 15d-e.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is known to induce tissue degradation by inducing activation of the cell's apoptosis pathway.
  • a decrease in ATP/ADP following mitochondrial dysfunction induces an increase in p -AMPK ⁇ and a decrease in the expression of p -Akt.
  • Inhibition of p -Akt expression leads to decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 and increased expression of the apoptotic factor BAX. This decrease in Bcl-2 and increase in BAX forms pores in the mitochondrial membrane and releases cytochrome C into the cytosol, induces caspase-3 activation and induces cell apoptosis.
  • the water extract diet group (WP200) was found to effectively regulate these fine dust-induced mitochondrial-related apoptosis proteins ( p -AMPK ⁇ , Bcl-2, p -Akt, BAX or caspase-3) in both lung and brain tissues.
  • the laver mixture diet group (Mixture 200) effectively regulated the expression of the mitochondrial-related apoptosis protein in brain tissue, but effectively regulated Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3 protein in lung tissue, but the expression level of p -AMPK ⁇ has been shown to increase
  • Y-maze was performed to test spatial recognition ability, and a Y-maze made of black plastic consisting of three arms (length; 33 cm, height; 15 cm, width; 10 cm) was used for the experiment. After each arm was designated as A, B, and C, the path the mouse moved for 8 minutes was recorded with a smart 3.0 video tracking system (Panlab, Barcelona, Spain). Alter-nation behavior was calculated by giving one point (actual alternation) when entering three different arms compared to the total number of arm entries.
  • the spatial perception evaluation result was evaluated through the Y-maze test, and the result is shown in FIG. 16 .
  • the average number of times the arm passed was 46.33, indicating no statistically significant difference, and this result confirmed that there was no change in basic exercise ability due to exposure to fine dust (Fig. 16a).
  • the diet of seaweed extract WP200; 36.44%) and mixture (Mix50; 29.00%, Mix200; 28.50%) was fine dust. It was confirmed to show an improvement effect on the induced spatial cognitive impairment.
  • Figure 16b is a schematic diagram showing the movement of the mouse, PM 2.5 exposure group did not show a constant movement in three arms compared to the normal control group, whereas in the water extract diet group (WP200) and the mixture diet group (Mix200), similar in three arms showed movement.
  • WP200 water extract diet group
  • Mix200 mixture diet group
  • the result of probe test for the zone where the platform existed was 46.02% of the PM 2.5 exposure group, indicating that the retention time was reduced compared to the normal control group (60.94%).
  • the water extract diet group (WP200) and the mixture diet group (Mix200) were 62.21% and 59.38%, respectively, indicating that the time spent in the W zone was improved to the normal control level compared to the PM 2.5 exposure group.
  • 15e is a schematic diagram showing the movement of the mouse during the probe test, and it was confirmed that the normal control group showed a movement biased to the W zone, whereas the PM 2.5 exposure group showed a decrease in memory for the area where the platform existed.
  • the water extract diet group (WP200) and the mixture diet group (Mix200) showed behavioral patterns similar to those of the normal control group. These results indicate that the diet of water extract (WP200) and mixture (Mix200) is effective in improving long-term memory impairment caused by exposure to fine dust.
  • the mouse brain was extracted, put in PBS corresponding to 10 times the weight of brain tissue, homogenized with a bullet blender (Next Advance Inc., Averill Park USA), and centrifuged (14,000 ⁇ g , 30 minutes, 4°C), and the supernatant was used in the experiment.
  • AChE activity was measured by mixing 5 ⁇ L of the supernatant and 65 ⁇ L of 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pre-incubating at 37 °C for 15 minutes, and then adding 70 ⁇ L of Ellman's reaction mixture to the mixture at 405 nm for 10 minutes at 2 minute intervals. Absorbance was measured.
  • AChE activity in the mouse brain tissue was expressed as a percent activity compared with the normal control group as 100%.
  • alkaline hydroxylamine reagent [3.5 N sodium hydroxide, 2 M hydroxylamine in HCl] was added and reacted at room temperature for 1 minute, 0.5 N HCl (pH 1.2) and 0.37 M FeCl 3 in 0.1 N HCl were added and 540 Absorbance was measured at nm wavelength.
  • the cholinergic system which is responsible for major neurotransmission functions, is known to play a very important role in cognitive function. Therefore, the improvement effect of seaweed extract on fine dust-induced cholinergic dysfunction in brain tissue was evaluated, and the results are shown in FIG. 17 .
  • the PM 2.5 exposure group (120.95%) showed an increase in the activity of AChE compared to the normal control group (100.00%) ( FIG. 17a ).
  • the decrease in ChAT and AChR- ⁇ 3 expression FIG. 17b
  • was ultimately shown to decrease the ACh content normal control group; 5.73 nmole/mg of protein, PM 2.5 exposure group; 4.29 nmole/mg of protein
  • FIG. 18 Proteins related to cognitive decline in the brain tissue of mice exposed to fine dust were evaluated by measuring pathways related to amyloid beta (A ⁇ ) production and tau hyperphosphorylation, which are known to be the major causative factors for cognitive decline. The results are shown in FIG. 18 .
  • Oxidative stress in brain tissue induces phosphorylation ( p -JNK) of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), thereby reducing the expression of IDE, an enzyme that degrades A ⁇ , is known to induce A ⁇ production and accumulation. There is (FIGS. 18A and 18B).
  • p -JNK induces tau phosphorylation, thereby inducing the generation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) inside the cell, which induces neuronal function decline and cell death, leading to cognitive decline.
  • NFTs neurofibrillary tangles
  • the increase in p-JNK expression caused by exposure to fine dust was confirmed as a result of oxidative stress and oxidative damage in tissues. It was shown that p-JNK expression induces A ⁇ production by inducing a decrease in IDE expression, and affects cognitive decline by increasing the expression of phospho-tau (p-tau).
  • WP200 water extract diet group
  • Mix200 mixture diet group
  • the total polysaccharide content contained in the seaweed extract was measured by modifying the phenol-sulfuric acid method. 5% Phenol solution and concentrated sulfuric acid were added to the extract, and the extract was left at room temperature for 20 minutes, and then absorbance was measured at 470 nm. A standard curve was prepared using the standard substance glucose, substituted into it, and calculated (Table 1).
  • the average molecular weight of the seaweed extract was measured using gel permeation chromatography (HLC-8320, Tosoh Bioscience, Stuttgart, Germany). The sample was dissolved in distilled water and filtered with a 0.45 ⁇ m Nylon filter (Millipore Co., Bedford, MA, USA). Using a column combined with Tskgel guard PWxl, 2 x TSKgel GMPWxl, and TSKgel G2500PWxl (7.8 ⁇ 300 mm, Tosoh Bioscience, Stuttgart, Germany), 0.1 M NaNO 3 as a mobile phase was analyzed with an RI-detector at 1 mL/min. (Table 1).
  • UPLC IMS-QTOF/MS (Vion, Waters, Milford, MA, USA) was used to identify major physiologically active substances.
  • the sample was dissolved in 50% methanol and filtered using a 0.2 ⁇ m filter.
  • C18 column (100 ⁇ 2.1 mm, 3.5 ⁇ m, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) was used for the column, and as the mobile phase solvent, tertiary distilled water (A) mixed with 0.1% Formic acid and 0.1% Formic acid were mixed.
  • Acetonitrile (B) was used, and the ratio of solvent B was as follows: 0.1-25% 0-2 minutes, 25-50% 2-8 minutes, for a total of 8 minutes.
  • Electrospray ionization was performed using the Positiveion mode under the following conditions: sample temperature, 100 °C; Desolvation line temperature. 400°C; lamp collision energy. 10-30V; Capillary voltage, 2.5 kV. The detected substances were analyzed within the range of 50-1500 m/z.
  • Porphyra-334, Palythene, and Palythenic acid are physiologically active substances of the Mycosporine-like Amino acids family known to exist in seaweed, and Phaophorbide a was identified as an antioxidant derived from Chlorophyll a.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition pour la prévention ou le traitement de maladies intestinales inflammatoires, de maladies pulmonaires inflammatoires ou de maladies inflammatoires du nerf crânien provoquées par une matière particulaire ultrafine, la composition comprenant un extrait de Porphyra tenera en tant que principe actif. L'extrait de Porphyra tenera; P. tenera selon la présente invention est hautement efficace pour la prévention, l'atténuation ou le traitement de maladies inflammatoires provoquées par une matière particulaire ultrafine, et peut ainsi être efficacement utilisé en tant que composition alimentaire fonctionnelle pour la santé pour la prévention ou l'atténuation de maladies inflammatoires provoquées par une matière particulaire ultrafine, une composition pharmaceutique pour la prévention ou le traitement de maladies inflammatoires provoquées par une matière particulaire ultrafine ou une composition cosmétique pour la prévention ou l'atténuation de maladies inflammatoires provoquées par une matière particulaire ultrafine.
PCT/KR2022/002932 2021-03-25 2022-03-02 Composition pour la prévention ou le traitement de maladies inflammatoires provoquées par une matière particulaire ultrafine comprenant un extrait de porphyra tenera en tant que principe actif WO2022203228A1 (fr)

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KR10-2021-0038650 2021-03-25
KR1020210038650A KR20220133487A (ko) 2021-03-25 2021-03-25 참김 추출물을 유효성분으로 포함하는 초미세먼지로 인한 염증성 장질환 예방 또는 치료용 조성물

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Citations (4)

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KR20100056239A (ko) * 2008-11-19 2010-05-27 (주)아모레퍼시픽 다당체를 함유하는 중금속 및 미세먼지 흡착용 화장료 조성물
KR20130094630A (ko) * 2012-02-16 2013-08-26 제주대학교 산학협력단 띠갈파래 추출물을 함유하는 염증성 질환 치료용 조성물
KR101752451B1 (ko) * 2017-04-14 2017-07-03 에스폴리오(주) 해조류 추출물을 함유하는 염증 예방 및 개선용 화장료 조성물
KR101978365B1 (ko) * 2017-12-27 2019-05-14 동의대학교 산학협력단 김 추출물을 포함하는 치주 질환 예방 및 치료용 조성물

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KR20100056239A (ko) * 2008-11-19 2010-05-27 (주)아모레퍼시픽 다당체를 함유하는 중금속 및 미세먼지 흡착용 화장료 조성물
KR20130094630A (ko) * 2012-02-16 2013-08-26 제주대학교 산학협력단 띠갈파래 추출물을 함유하는 염증성 질환 치료용 조성물
KR101752451B1 (ko) * 2017-04-14 2017-07-03 에스폴리오(주) 해조류 추출물을 함유하는 염증 예방 및 개선용 화장료 조성물
KR101978365B1 (ko) * 2017-12-27 2019-05-14 동의대학교 산학협력단 김 추출물을 포함하는 치주 질환 예방 및 치료용 조성물

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PARK SEON KYEONG, KANG JIN YONG, KIM JONG MIN, HAN HYE JU, SHIN EUN JIN, HEO HO JIN: "Improving Effect of Porphyra tenera Extract on Ultra-Fine Dust-Mediated Inflammation", JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION, KOREAN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OFFICE, vol. 49, no. 3, 31 March 2020 (2020-03-31), pages 295 - 303, XP055969668, ISSN: 1226-3311, DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2020.49.3.295 *

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