WO2022198610A1 - 电化学装置及用电设备 - Google Patents

电化学装置及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022198610A1
WO2022198610A1 PCT/CN2021/083143 CN2021083143W WO2022198610A1 WO 2022198610 A1 WO2022198610 A1 WO 2022198610A1 CN 2021083143 W CN2021083143 W CN 2021083143W WO 2022198610 A1 WO2022198610 A1 WO 2022198610A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
side wall
electrochemical device
pole piece
casing
piece assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/083143
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
侯天昊
胡乔舒
盛阳平
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
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Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd filed Critical Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2021/083143 priority Critical patent/WO2022198610A1/zh
Priority to CN202180006212.9A priority patent/CN114730947A/zh
Publication of WO2022198610A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022198610A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H01M50/129—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H01M50/128—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/178—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for pouch or flexible bag cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to an electrochemical device and electrical equipment.
  • lithium-ion batteries have a wide range of applications in the field of consumer electronics. With the rapid development of mobile electronic devices in recent years, new product forms have emerged, such as wireless Bluetooth headsets, smart watches, and small electronic game consoles. Lithium-ion battery terminals The market presents a demand for miniaturization and high energy density.
  • the electrode assembly is firstly placed in the punched packing bag pit, and then the unpunched side is folded along the punched side. Top sealing and side sealing are carried out, followed by baking, liquid injection, sealing, standing, forming, degassing bags and secondary sealing to complete the packaging of the soft-pack lithium-ion battery.
  • the traditional packaging process determines that soft-pack lithium-ion batteries generally have top sealing edges and side sealing edges.
  • the sealing edge has no active material but occupies a certain volume, which will reduce the energy density of the battery, and the smaller the capacity of the electrode assembly, the lower the energy density. many.
  • the steps of side sealing and top sealing are the key processes of traditional flexible package packaging.
  • the edge folding process can be used to reduce the loss of energy density, the top seal is folded due to the connection between the tab hot-melt layer and the packaging bag hot-melt layer.
  • the process makes the battery at risk of liquid leakage, and the electrode components of different shapes, such as cylindrical and arc-shaped, are difficult to package in soft packages, especially the risk of damage to the sealing edge and liquid leakage.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electrochemical device, including a first casing, a second casing and an electrode assembly
  • the first casing includes a first bottom wall and a first side wall, the first bottom wall and all
  • the first side wall forms a first receiving groove
  • the second casing includes a second bottom wall and a second side wall, the second bottom wall and the second side wall form a second receiving groove
  • the electrode assembly includes a pole piece components and tabs.
  • Part or all of the first side wall is accommodated in the second accommodating groove
  • part or all of the pole piece assembly is accommodated in the first accommodating groove, and is located between the first bottom wall and the second bottom between the walls.
  • the tab includes a connecting portion, a middle portion and an end portion, the connecting portion is used for connecting the pole piece assembly, and the middle portion is located on the first side wall and the second side between the walls, the end portion is located outside the first shell and the second shell.
  • the above electrochemical device is partially or completely accommodated in the second accommodating groove through the first side wall, and the pole piece assembly is partially or fully accommodated in the first accommodating groove, and is located between the first bottom wall and the second accommodating groove. between the second bottom wall, and then pass through between the first side wall and the second side wall through the pole lug and protrude out of the first shell and the second shell,
  • the traditional top-sealed and side-sealed packaging is avoided, and the volumetric energy density of the electrochemical device is improved while the sealing effect is improved.
  • the tab further includes a bent portion, the bent portion is used for connecting the connecting portion and the intermediate portion, and is located between the second bottom wall and the first between the ends of the side walls.
  • the ratio L/T of the length L of the tab extending out of the pole piece assembly to the thickness T of the pole piece assembly ranges from 5 to 20, so that the tab can be bent enough angle and close to the first housing.
  • the ratio H 2 /H 1 of the height H 2 of the second side wall to the height H 1 of the pole piece assembly is in the range of 0.1 to 1.5, so as to ensure that the second casing can encapsulate all the The pole piece assembly is not encapsulated by the first casing.
  • a ring-shaped sealing area surrounding the pole piece assembly is provided between the first side wall and the second side wall, and the ring-shaped sealing area is used for connecting the first side wall and the second side wall, so as to seal the gap between the first side wall and the second side wall, and can avoid the structure of top sealing edge.
  • the electrochemical device further includes a sealant located between the first sidewall and the second sidewall to seal the first sidewall and the second sidewall Gap between side walls.
  • both the first housing and the second housing comprise a film body selected from a single-layer film or a composite film.
  • the single-layer film includes a wear-resistant layer
  • the composite film includes a water-blocking layer and at least two wear-resistant layers
  • the water-blocking layer is located between the two wear-resistant layers, thereby blocking External water vapor enters the inside of the pole piece assembly and the electrolyte seeps out of the pole piece assembly.
  • the film body is a heat shrinkable film, so that the first casing and the second casing can be shrunk after heating to cover the pole piece assembly.
  • the first sidewall further includes a metal layer, and the metal layer is located between the two membrane bodies of the first sidewall.
  • the second sidewall further includes a metal layer and a polymer layer, the metal layer is located between the film body of the second sidewall and the polymer layer, and the film The body is located inside the second side wall.
  • the abrasion resistant layer comprises polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyether, polyphenylene oxide, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate At least one of ester or fluororesin.
  • the water blocking layer includes at least one of silicon nitride, silicon oxide, or aluminum oxide.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electrical device, including the above electrochemical device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pole piece assembly installed in a first housing according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first shell in FIG. 2 after heat shrinking.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the tab in FIG. 3 after bending.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrode assembly after the tabs are bent and the first casing being loaded into the second casing in FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode assembly after the tabs are bent and the first casing being loaded into the second casing according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrochemical device in FIG. 1 from another perspective.
  • FIG. 8 is a side view of the electrochemical device of FIG. 7 .
  • a component when referred to as being "fixed to” another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may also be a centered component.
  • a component When a component is considered to be “connected” to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a co-existence of an intervening component.
  • a component When a component is considered to be “set on” another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a co-existing centered component.
  • the terms “vertical,” “horizontal,” “left,” “right,” and similar expressions are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
  • the present application provides an electrochemical device 100 capable of improving energy density and sealing effect.
  • the electrochemical device 100 includes a first casing 10 , a second casing 20 and an electrode assembly 30 .
  • the first housing 10 is generally in a bag-like structure, and includes a first bottom wall 11 and a first side wall 12 .
  • the first side wall 12 is arranged around and is connected to the first bottom wall 11 at one end and is open at the other end, so that the first bottom wall 11 is open.
  • a first receiving groove 10a is formed together with the first side wall 12 .
  • the second housing 20 is roughly in the shape of a bag, and includes a second bottom wall 21 and a second side wall 22 .
  • the second side wall 22 is arranged around and is connected to the second bottom wall 21 at one end and is open at the other end, so that the second bottom wall 21 A second receiving groove 20 a is formed with the second side wall 22 .
  • the electrode assembly 30 includes a connected pole piece assembly 31 and a tab 32, and the tab 32 includes a connecting portion 32a, a middle portion 32b and an end portion 32c.
  • the pole piece assembly 31 is inserted into the first accommodating groove 10a through the open end of the first housing 10, so that part or all of the pole piece assembly 31 is accommodated in the first accommodating groove 10a.
  • the first housing 10 equipped with the pole piece assembly 31 is inserted into the second receiving groove 20a through the open end of the second housing 20, so that part or all of the first side wall 11 is received in the second receiving groove 20a, and the first The opening directions of the casing 10 and the second casing 20 are opposite, so that the pole piece assembly 31 is located between the first bottom wall 11 and the second bottom wall 21 , and the second casing 20 covers the open opening of the first casing 10 .
  • the tab 32 is connected to the pole piece assembly 31 through the connecting portion 32a.
  • the intermediate portion 32b is connected to the connecting portion 32a and is located between the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 22 .
  • the end portion 32c is connected to one end of the middle portion 32b away from the connecting portion 32a, and is located outside the first housing 10 and the second housing 20, and is used for connecting external electrical appliances.
  • the first housing 10 is heat shrinkable, and the volume of the first receiving groove 10a before heat shrinking is slightly larger than the volume of the pole piece assembly 31 so that the pole piece assembly 31 can enter the first receiving groove 10a .
  • One end of the pole piece assembly 31 away from the tab 32 extends into the first receiving groove 10a, so that the tab 32 is placed outside the first receiving groove 10a.
  • the first casing 10 is heated, so that the first casing 10 is thermally shrunk until it adheres to the surface of the pole piece assembly 31 .
  • all the pole piece assemblies 31 are accommodated in the first receiving groove 10a, and the first shell 10 wraps all other surfaces of the pole piece assembly 31 except for the end face near one end of the pole tab 32 after heat shrinking.
  • the pole piece assembly 31 may be partially accommodated in the first accommodating groove 10a.
  • the tab 32 further includes a bending portion 32d, and two ends of the bending portion 32d are respectively connected to the middle portion 32b and the connecting portion 32a.
  • the part of the pole tab 32 extending out of the pole piece assembly 31 is bent at a certain angle, so that the pole tab 32 extends toward the second side wall 22 and is located between the pole piece assembly 31 and the second bottom wall.
  • the part between 21 is the bending part 32d, and the part connecting the bending part 32d with the pole piece assembly 31 is the connecting part 32a.
  • the part of the tab 32 extending out of the bent portion 32d is bent again to form a certain angle, so that the tab 32 is close to the first side wall 12 , and the part between the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 22 is The portion of the middle portion 32b extending beyond the first side wall 12 is the end portion 32c.
  • the pole piece assembly 31 is a rectangular parallelepiped or a cylinder, the bending portion 32d and the connecting portion 32a form a 90-degree angle, the intermediate portion 32b and the bending portion 32d form a 90-degree angle, and the bending portion 32d and the middle portion 32b are straight.
  • the pole piece assembly 31 can be in other shapes, such as arc shape, the bending portion 32d and the connecting portion 32a can be at other angles, the middle portion 32b and the bending Other angles may be formed between the parts 32d, and the bent part 32d and the middle part 32b may be curved.
  • the ratio L/T of the length L of the pole tab 32 extending out of the pole piece assembly 31 to the thickness T of the pole piece assembly 31 ranges from 5 to 20, such as 5, 5.5, 6, 10.2, 17, 20, etc. , so as to ensure that the tabs 32 have a sufficient length to bend and extend out of the first casing 10 and the second casing 20 .
  • the second housing 20 has heat shrinkability, and the volume of the second receiving groove 20a before heat shrinking is slightly larger than that of the pole piece assembly 31 , the first housing 10 after heat shrinking, and the bent
  • the total volume of the pole tabs 32 is so that the first housing 10 with the pole piece assembly 31 installed therein can enter the second receiving groove 20a.
  • the first casing 10 with the pole piece assembly 31 is all accommodated in the second receiving groove 20a, and the second casing 20 wraps the first side wall 12 of the first casing 10 after being heat-shrinked And the end of the pole piece assembly 31 that is not wrapped by the first shell 10, while the second shell 20 is in close contact with the bent portion 32d and the middle portion 32b of the pole ear 32, so that the bent portion 32d is located between the second bottom wall 21 and the middle portion 32b. Between the ends of the first side wall 12, the middle portion 32b is located between the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 22.
  • the second shell 20 may only wrap a part of the first side wall 12 , and the ratio H 2 /H 1 of the height H 2 of the second side wall 22 to the height H 1 of the pole piece assembly 31 is in the range of 0.1 to 1.5, so as to ensure that the second side wall 22 has a sufficient height to encapsulate the pole piece assembly 31
  • the height H2 of the second side wall 22 in FIG. 6(a) is 1/2 of the height H1 of the pole piece assembly 31, and FIG.
  • the height H 2 of the second side wall 22 is 1/5 of the height H 1 of the pole piece assembly 31 , and the end portion 32 c and the middle portion 32 b of the pole tab 32 are bent at 90 degrees to extend out of the second housing 20 .
  • a ring-shaped sealing area 40 surrounding the pole piece assembly 31 is provided between the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 22 .
  • the ring-shaped sealing area 40 is used for
  • the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 22 are connected to seal the gap between the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 22 to improve the sealing effect.
  • the annular seal region 40 is a welding trace formed by welding the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 22 around the pole piece assembly 31 by a semiconductor laser with a wavelength of 1700 nm, and passes through the first side wall 12 .
  • the heat fusion effect with the second side wall 22 completes the sealing.
  • two annular sealing areas 40 are arranged in parallel at intervals to ensure the sealing effect. In other embodiments, there may be other numbers of annular sealing areas 40 , such as one, three or five.
  • a sealant is provided between the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 22 to form the annular sealing area 40 , and the sealant is applied between the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 22 , The gap between the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 22 is sealed to improve the sealing effect.
  • the sealant is preferably an epoxy structural adhesive.
  • both the first casing 10 and the second casing 20 include a film body (not shown), and the film body is selected from a single-layer film or a composite film. In one embodiment, the overall thickness of the composite membrane is 20-300 microns.
  • the monolayer film includes an abrasion resistant layer.
  • the composite membrane includes a water-blocking layer and at least two wear-resistant layers, and the water-blocking layer is located between the two wear-resistant layers.
  • the wear-resistant layer is a supporting and protective polymer material, including polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyether, polyphenylene ether, polyacrylonitrile, etc. At least one of methyl methacrylate, polycarbonate or fluororesin, preferably polyethylene terephthalate material.
  • the water-blocking layer includes at least one of silicon nitride, silicon oxide or aluminum oxide. The thickness of the water-blocking layer is 10-2000 nanometers, which can block external water vapor from entering the electrochemical device and electrolyte leakage, ensuring the basic electrochemical device. Usage requirements.
  • the film body is a heat shrinkable film, and in one embodiment, the shrinkage ratio is greater than or equal to 1.05 and less than or equal to 1.7.
  • the first side wall 12 further includes a metal layer (not shown), and the metal layer is located between the two film bodies of the first side wall 12 .
  • the second sidewall 22 further includes a metal layer and a polymer layer (not shown).
  • the metal layer is located between the film body of the second sidewall 22 and the polymer layer, and the film body is located inside the second sidewall 22 .
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electrical device (not shown in the figure), where the electrical device includes an electrochemical device 100 .
  • the above-mentioned electrochemical device 100 is partially or completely accommodated in the second accommodating groove 20a through the first side wall 12, and the pole piece assembly 31 is partially or completely accommodated in the first accommodating groove 10a, and is located on the first bottom wall 11 and the second bottom wall 21, and then pass through between the first side wall 12 and the second side wall 22 through the tabs 32 and extend out of the first shell 10 and the second shell 20, avoiding the traditional top sealing edge and side sealing.
  • the edge sealing package not only improves the sealing effect, but also improves the volume energy density of the electrochemical device.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

一种电化学装置，包括第一壳体、第二壳体及电极组件，第一壳体包括第一底壁和第一侧壁并形成第一收容槽，第二壳体包括第二底壁和第二侧壁并形成第二收容槽，电极组件包括极片组件和极耳，第一侧壁部分或全部收容于第二收容槽中，极片组件部分或全部收容于第一收容槽，并位于第一底壁与第二底壁之间。一种用电设备，包括上述的电化学装置。上述电化学装置在提升密封效果的同时，能够提升了电化学装置的体积能量密度。

Description

电化学装置及用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体涉及一种电化学装置及用电设备。
背景技术
当前锂离子电池在消费电子领域具有广泛的应用，随着近年来可移动电子设备的高速发展，出现新的产品形态，比如无线蓝牙耳机、智能手表和小型电子游戏机等设备，锂离子电池终端市场呈现出小型化、高能量密度的需求。目前，软包锂离子电池的封装工序首先要把电极组件放到冲好的包装袋坑中，然后将未冲坑一侧沿冲坑一侧对折，包装袋装入电极组件后，对包装袋进行顶封和侧封，再烘烤、注液、一封、静置、化成、除气袋及二封，完成软包锂离子电池的封装。
传统封装工艺决定了软包锂离子电池普遍存在顶封边和侧封边，封印边没有活性物质却占有一定的体积，因此会降低电池的能量密度，并且电极组件容量越小，能量密度降低越多。同时，侧边封和顶边封步骤为传统软包封装的关键工艺，尽管可以使用折边工艺减小能量密度损失，但顶封处由于连接极耳热熔层和包装袋热熔层，折边工艺使得电池存在漏液的风险，而且不同形态的电极组件，比如圆柱和弧形，软包封装难度较高，尤其存在封印边破损和漏液的风险。
发明内容
有鉴于此，有必要提供一种能够提升能量密度及密封效果的电化学装置及具有该电化学装置的用电设备。
本申请一实施例中提供一种电化学装置，包括第一壳体、第二壳体及电极组件，第一壳体包括第一底壁和第一侧壁，所述第一底壁和所述第一侧壁形成第一收容槽，第二壳体包括第二底壁和第二侧壁，所述第二底壁与所述第二侧壁形成第二收容槽，电极组件包括极片组件和极耳。所述第一侧壁部分或全部收容于所述第二收容槽中，所述极片组件部分或全部收容于所述第一收容槽，并位于所述第一底壁与所述第二底壁之间。
在一些实施例中，所述极耳包括连接部、中间部及端部，所述连接部用于连接所述极片组件，所述中间部位于所述第一侧壁与所述第二侧壁之间，所述端部位于所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体外。
上述电化学装置通过所述第一侧壁部分或全部收容于所述第二收容槽中，所述极片组件部分或全部收容于所述第一收容槽，并位于所述第一底壁与所述第二底壁之间，再通过所述极耳从所述第一侧壁与所述第二侧壁之间穿过并伸出所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体外，避免传统的顶封边和侧封边封装，在提升密封效果的同时，提升了电化学装置的体积能量密度。
进一步地，在一些实施例中，所述极耳还包括弯折部，所述弯折部用于衔接所述连接部及所述中间部，并位于所述第二底壁与所述第一侧壁的端部之间。
在一些实施例中，所述极耳伸出所述极片组件的长度L与所述极片组件厚度T的比值L/T的范围为5至20，以使所述极耳能够弯折足够的角度并紧贴所述第一壳体。
在一些实施例中，所述第二侧壁的高度H 2与所述极片组件高度H 1的比值H 2/H 1的范围为0.1至1.5，以保证所述第二壳体能够封装所述极片组件未被第一壳体封装的区域。
在一些实施例中，所述第一侧壁与所述第二侧壁之间设有围绕所述极片组件的环型封印区，所述环型封印区用于连接所述第一侧壁与所述第二侧壁，以密封所述第一侧壁与所述第二侧壁之间的间隙，并能够避免顶封边的结构。
在一些实施例中，所述环型封印区至少有两个，以保证所述第一侧壁与所述第二侧壁之间的密封效果。
在一些实施例中，所述电化学装置还包括密封胶，所述密封胶位于所述第一侧壁与所述第二侧壁之间，以密封所述第一侧壁与所述第二侧壁之间的间隙。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体均包括膜体，所述膜体选自单层膜或复合膜。
在一些实施例中，所述单层膜包括耐磨层，所述复合膜包括阻水层及至少两层耐磨层，且所述阻水层位于两所述耐磨层之间，进而阻隔外部水汽进入所述极片组件内部以及电解液渗出所述极片组件外部。通过设置耐磨层以保证电化学装置基本的使用需求，降低壳体在使用过程中破裂导致漏液的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述膜体为热收缩膜，使得所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体能够通过加热后收缩以包覆所述极片组件。
在一些实施例中，所述第一侧壁还包括金属层，所述金属层位于所述第一侧壁的两所述膜体之间。
在一些实施例中，所述第二侧壁还包括金属层及聚合物层，所述金属层位于所述第二侧壁的所述膜体与所述聚合物层之间，且所述膜体位于所述第二侧壁的内侧。
在一些实施例中，所述耐磨层包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、聚丙烯腈、聚醚、聚苯醚、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚碳酸酯或氟树脂中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中，所述阻水层包括氮化硅、氧化硅或氧化铝中的至少一种。
本申请一实施例中还提供一种用电设备，包括上述的电化学装置。
本申请通过将极耳从嵌套的第一壳体侧壁与第二壳体侧壁之间伸出，在提升电化学装置密封效果、降低漏液风险的同时，提升了电化学装置的体积能量密度。
附图说明
图1为本申请一实施例中电化学装置的结构示意图。
图2为本申请一实施例中极片组件装入第一壳体的结构示意图。
图3为图2中第一壳体热缩后的结构示意图。
图4为图3中极耳弯折后的结构示意图。
图5为图4中极耳弯折后的电极组件及第一壳体装入第二壳体的结构示意图。
图6为本申请另一实施例中极耳弯折后的电极组件及第一壳体装入第二壳体的结构示意图。
图7为图1中电化学装置另一视角的结构示意图。
图8为图7中电化学装置的侧视图。
主要元件符号说明
电化学装置                       100
第一壳体                         10
第一底壁                         11
第一侧壁                         12
第一收容槽                       10a
第二壳体                         20
第二底壁                         21
第二侧壁                         22
第二收容槽                       20a
电极组件                         30
极片组件                         31
极耳                             32
连接部                           32a
中间部                           32b
端部                             32c
弯折部                           32d
环型封印区                       40
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施方式中的附图，对本申请的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施方式仅仅是本申请一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。
需要说明的是，当组件被称为“固定于”另一个组件，它可以直接在另一个组件上或者也可以存在居中的组件。当一个组件被认为是“连接”另一个组件，它可以是直接连接到另一个组件或者可能同时存在居中组件。当一个组件被认为是“设置于”另一个组件，它可以是直接设置在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“或/及”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
下面结合附图，对本申请的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施方式及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。
请参阅图1，本申请提供一种电化学装置100，能够提升能量密度及密封效果。电化学装置100包括第一壳体10、第二壳体20及电极组件30。第一壳体10大致呈袋式结构，包括第一底壁11和第一侧壁12，第一侧壁12围绕设置并一端连接第一底壁11，另一端敞开，使得第一底壁11和第一侧壁12共同形成第一收容槽10a。第二壳体20大致呈袋式结构，包括第二底壁21和第二侧壁22，第二侧壁22围绕设置并一端连接第二底壁21，另一端敞开，使得第二底壁21与第二侧壁22形成第二收容槽20a。电极组件30包括相连接的极片组件31和极耳32，极耳32包括连接部32a、中间部32b及端部32c。极片组件31通过第一壳体10敞开的一端装入第一收容槽10a，使极片组件31部分或全部收容于第一收容槽10a中。装有极片组件31的第一壳体10通过第二壳体20敞开的一端装入第二收容槽20a，使第一侧壁11部分或全部收容于第二收容槽20a中，并且第一壳体10与第二壳体20敞开的方向相反，使得极片组件31位于第一底壁11与第二底壁21之间，并使得第二壳体20包覆第一壳体10敞开的一端以密封极片组件31。极耳32通过连接部32a连接极片组件31。中间部32b连接至连接部32a，并位于第一侧壁12与第二侧壁22之间。端部32c连接至中间部32b远离连接部32a的一端，并位于第一壳体10与第二壳体20外部，用于连接外部用电器。
请参阅图2及图3，第一壳体10具有热缩性，第一收容槽10a在热缩前的体积略大于极片组件31的体积，以便极片组件31能够进入第一收容槽10a。极片组件31远离极耳32的一端伸入第一收容槽10a内，以使极耳32置于第一收容槽10a外部。极片组件31置于第一收容槽10a内后，对第一壳体10进行加热，以使第一壳体10热缩直至贴合极片组件31的表面。在图示实施例中，极片组件31全部收容于第一收容槽10a内，第一壳体10热缩后包裹住极片组件31除靠近极耳32一端端面的其他所有表面，在其他实施例中，极片组件31可以部分收容于第一收容槽10a内。
请参阅图4，极耳32还包括弯折部32d，弯折部32d两端分别连接中间部32b及连接部32a。第一壳体10热缩后，将极耳32伸出极片组件31的部分弯折呈一定角度，以使极耳32向第二侧壁22延伸，位于极片组件31和第二底壁21之间的部分为弯折部32d，弯折部32d与极片组件31连接的部分为连接部32a。接着将极耳32延伸出弯折部32d的部分再次弯折呈一定角度，使极耳32紧贴第一侧壁12，且位于第一侧壁12与第二侧壁22之间的部分为中间部32b，延伸出第一侧壁12的部分为端部32c。在图示实施例中，极片组件31呈长方 体或圆柱体，弯折部32d与连接部32a之间呈90度角，中间部32b与弯折部32d之间呈90度角，弯折部32d及中间部32b呈直线状，在其他实施例中，极片组件31可以呈其他形状，如弧形状，弯折部32d与连接部32a之间可以呈其他度角，中间部32b与弯折部32d之间可以呈其他度角，弯折部32d及中间部32b可以呈曲线状等。在一实施例中，极耳32伸出极片组件31的长度L与极片组件31厚度T的比值L/T的范围为5至20，如5、5.5、6、10.2、17、20等，以保证极耳32有足够长度弯折并延伸出第一壳体10及第二壳体20。
请参阅图5及图1，第二壳体20具有热缩性，第二收容槽20a在热缩前的体积略大于极片组件31、热缩后的第一壳体10以及弯折后的极耳32的总体积，以便装有极片组件31的第一壳体10能够进入第二收容槽20a。装有极片组件31的第一壳体10置于第二收容槽20a内后，对第二壳体20进行加热，以使第二壳体20热缩直至贴合第一壳体10的外表面。在图示实施例中，装有极片组件31的第一壳体10全部收容于第二收容槽20a内，第二壳体20热缩后包裹住第一壳体10的第一侧壁12以及极片组件31未被第一壳体10包裹住的一端，同时第二壳体20紧贴极耳32的弯折部32d及中间部32b，使得弯折部32d位于第二底壁21与第一侧壁12的端部之间，中间部32b位于第一侧壁12与第二侧壁22之间，在其他实施例中，第二壳体20可以只包裹住部分第一侧壁12，且第二侧壁22的高度H 2与极片组件31高度H 1的比值H 2/H 1的范围为0.1至1.5，以保证第二侧壁22有足够的高度能够封装极片组件31未被第一壳体10封装的区域，如图6所示，图6(a)中第二侧壁22的高度H 2为极片组件31高度H 1的1/2，图6(b)中第二侧壁22的高度H 2为极片组件31高度H 1的1/5，并且极耳32的端部32c与中间部32b弯折呈90度，以延伸出第二壳体20。
请参阅图7及图8，第二壳体20热缩后，第一侧壁12与第二侧壁22之间设有围绕极片组件31的环型封印区40，环型封印区40用于连接第一侧壁12与第二侧壁22，以密封第一侧壁12与第二侧壁22之间的间隙，提高密封效果。在一实施方式中，环型封印区40为通过波长为1700nm的半导体激光器围绕极片组件31对第一侧壁12与第二侧壁22进行焊接形成的焊接痕迹，并通过第一侧壁12与第二侧壁22之间的热熔效果完成密封。在图示实施例中，环型封印区40间隔平行设置有两个，以保证密封效果，在其他实施例中，环型封印区40可以有其他数量，如一个、三个或五个等。
在一实施例中，第一侧壁12与第二侧壁22之间设有密封胶以形成环型封印区40，密封胶涂抹于第一侧壁12与第二侧壁22之间，用于密封第一侧壁12与第二侧壁22之间的缝隙，以提高密封效果。在一实施方式中，密封胶优选环氧树脂结构胶。
在一实施例中，第一壳体10和第二壳体20均包括膜体(图未示)，膜体选自单层膜或复合膜。在一实施方式中，复合膜的总厚度为20-300微米。
单层膜包括耐磨层。复合膜包括阻水层及至少两层耐磨层，且阻水层位于两 层耐磨层之间。在一实施方式中，耐磨层为起支撑保护作用的聚合物材料，包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、聚丙烯腈、聚醚、聚苯醚、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚碳酸酯或氟树脂中的至少一种，优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯材料。阻水层包括氮化硅、氧化硅或氧化铝中的至少一种，阻水层厚度为10-2000纳米，可以阻隔外部水汽进入电化学装置内部以及电解液渗出，保证电化学装置基本的使用需求。
为了使第一壳体10和第二壳体20能够热缩，膜体为热收缩膜，且在一实施例中，收缩倍数大于等于1.05小于等于1.7。
第一侧壁12还包括金属层(图未示)，金属层位于第一侧壁12的两层膜体之间。
第二侧壁22还包括金属层及聚合物层(图未示)，金属层位于第二侧壁22的膜体与聚合物层之间，且膜体位于第二侧壁22的内侧。
本申请一实施例中还提供一种用电设备(图未示)，用电设备包括电化学装置100。
上述电化学装置100通过第一侧壁12部分或全部收容于第二收容槽20a中，极片组件31部分或全部收容于第一收容槽10a，并位于第一底壁11与第二底壁21之间，再通过极耳32从第一侧壁12与第二侧壁22之间穿过并伸出第一壳体10与第二壳体20外，避免了传统的顶封边和侧封边封装，在提升密封效果的同时，提升了电化学装置的体积能量密度。
另外，本领域技术人员还可在本申请精神内做其它变化，当然，这些依据本申请精神所做的变化，都应包含在本申请所公开的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电化学装置，其特征在于，包括：
    第一壳体，包括第一底壁和第一侧壁，所述第一底壁和所述第一侧壁形成第一收容槽；
    第二壳体，包括第二底壁和第二侧壁，所述第二底壁与所述第二侧壁形成第二收容槽；和
    电极组件，包括极片组件和极耳；
    所述第一侧壁部分或全部收容于所述第二收容槽中，所述极片组件部分或全部收容于所述第一收容槽，并位于所述第一底壁与所述第二底壁之间。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：所述极耳包括连接部、中间部及端部，所述连接部用于连接所述极片组件，所述中间部位于所述第一侧壁与所述第二侧壁之间，所述端部位于所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体外。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：所述极耳还包括弯折部，所述弯折部用于衔接所述连接部及所述中间部，并位于所述第二底壁与所述第一侧壁的端部之间。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：所述极耳伸出所述极片组件的长度L与所述极片组件厚度T的比值L/T的范围为5至20。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：所述第二侧壁的高度H 2与所述极片组件高度H 1的比值H 2/H 1的范围为0.1至1.5。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：所述第一侧壁与所述第二侧壁之间设有围绕所述极片组件的环型封印区。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：所述环型封印区至少有两个。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：所述电化学装置还包括密封胶，所述密封胶位于所述第一侧壁与所述第二侧壁之间。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于：所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体均包括膜体，所述膜体选自单层膜或复合膜；所述单层膜包括耐磨层，所述复合膜包括阻水层及至少两层耐磨层，且所述阻水层位于两所述耐磨层之间；满足以下条件i)至v)中的至少一者：
    i)所述膜体为热收缩膜；
    ii)所述第一侧壁还包括金属层，所述金属层位于所述第一侧壁的两所述膜体之间；
    iii)所述第二侧壁还包括金属层及聚合物层，所述金属层位于所述第二侧壁的所述膜体与所述聚合物层之间，且所述膜体位于所述第二侧壁的内侧；
    iv)所述耐磨层包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、聚丙烯腈、聚醚、聚苯醚、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚碳酸酯或氟树脂中的至少一种；
    v)所述阻水层包括氮化硅、氧化硅或氧化铝中的至少一种。
  10. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的电化学装置。
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