WO2022197605A1 - Procédés et unités de régénération absorbants qui utilisent des plaques de décapage à chauffage diabatique - Google Patents

Procédés et unités de régénération absorbants qui utilisent des plaques de décapage à chauffage diabatique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022197605A1
WO2022197605A1 PCT/US2022/020188 US2022020188W WO2022197605A1 WO 2022197605 A1 WO2022197605 A1 WO 2022197605A1 US 2022020188 W US2022020188 W US 2022020188W WO 2022197605 A1 WO2022197605 A1 WO 2022197605A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
absorbent
stripping
plates
regeneration unit
unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2022/020188
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Charles J. Mart
Nicholas F. Urbanski
P. Scott Northrop
Marcel STAEDTER
Original Assignee
Exxonmobil Upstream Researh Co.
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Application filed by Exxonmobil Upstream Researh Co. filed Critical Exxonmobil Upstream Researh Co.
Publication of WO2022197605A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022197605A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
    • B01D53/1462—Removing mixtures of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
    • B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
    • B01D2252/202—Alcohols or their derivatives
    • B01D2252/2023—Glycols, diols or their derivatives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
    • B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
    • B01D2252/204—Amines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide

Definitions

  • the present disclosure includes absorbent regeneration units that use a diabatically heated stripping plate.
  • the present disclosure also includes related systems and methods that implement said absorbent regeneration units.
  • Carbon dioxide has to be removed from natural gas because a high concentration of CO2 reduces the calorific value of the gas. Moreover, CO2 in conjunction with moisture, can lead to corrosion in pipes and valves.
  • Known processes for removing water (e.g., removal as water vapor) and acid gases include dehydration using a water absorbent material (e.g., desiccants, triethylene glycol, and fcbases, respectively.
  • a water absorbent material e.g., desiccants, triethylene glycol, and fcbases, respectively.
  • acid gas absorbents when acid gases are dissolved in the absorbent, ions form with the bases.
  • the absorbent can be regenerated by heating, by decompression to a lower pressure, and/or by stripping.
  • the ionic species react in reverse and the acid gases are released and/or stripped out by means of steam. After the regeneration process, the water or acid gas absorbents can be reused.
  • scrubbing water e.g., removed as water vapor
  • acid gases from fluid streams such as natural gas, refinery gas, and synthesis gas
  • regeneration of absorbents used in scrubbing are typically performed at the refinery in large columns.
  • Said columns and supporting hardware have a large footprint at the refinery. Reductions in refinery footprint and weight can reduce capital costs. Further, reduction of footprint and weight may allow for implementation of said processes and associated hardware in non-refinery locations.
  • the present disclosure includes absorbent regeneration units that use a diabatic stripping plate.
  • the present disclosure also includes related systems and methods that implement said absorbent regeneration units.
  • An absorbent regeneration unit of the present disclosure may comprise: a plurality of juxtaposing plates comprising a plurality of stripping plates and one or more heating plates; wherein each stripping plate is in thermal contact with at least one of the heating plates; and wherein at least one of the plurality of stripping plates comprises: (a) a stripping chamber defined by two opposing walls and sides between the two opposing walls; (b) a plurality of trays extending between the two opposing walls and defining a primary fluid flow path between a rich absorbent inlet at a top portion of the stripping chamber and a lean absorbent outlet at a bottom portion of the stripping chamber; and (c) a gas outlet at the top portion of the stripping chamber.
  • a system of the present disclosure may comprise: an absorbent regeneration unit of the first nonlimiting example; a sour gas sweetening unit upstream of the absorbent regeneration unit, wherein the sour gas sweetening unit is configured to receive sour hydrocarbon and contact the sour hydrocarbon with an absorbent to produce a sweet hydrocarbon and a rich absorbent, wherein the absorbent regeneration unit is configured to receive the rich absorbent from the sour gas sweetening unit and strip acid gas from the rich absorbent to yield the acid gas and lean absorbent, and wherein the system is configured to flow the rich absorbent from the sour gas sweetening unit to the absorbent regeneration unit and flow the lean absorbent from the absorbent regeneration unit to the sour gas sweetening unit.
  • Said sour gas sweetening unit may be located sub-water.
  • a system of the present disclosure may comprise: the absorbent regeneration unit of the first nonlimiting example; a dehydration unit upstream of the absorbent regeneration unit wherein the dehydration unit is configured to receive a wet hydrocarbon fluid and contact the wet hydrocarbon fluid with an absorbent to produce dehydrated hydrocarbon fluid and rich absorbent, wherein the absorbent regeneration unit is configured to receive the rich absorbent from the dehydration unit and strip water from the rich absorbent to yield the gas and lean absorbent, and wherein the system is configured to flow the rich absorbent from the dehydration unit to the absorbent regeneration unit and flow the lean absorbent from the absorbent regeneration unit to the dehydration unit.
  • Said dehydration unit may be located sub water.
  • a method of the present disclosure may comprise: (a) introducing a rich absorbent into a top portion of a stripping chamber of a stripping plate, wherein the stripping plate comprises: the stripping chamber defined by two opposing walls and sides between the two opposing walls; a plurality of trays extending between the two opposing walls and defining a primary fluid flow path between a rich absorbent inlet at the top portion of the stripping chamber and a lean absorbent outlet at a bottom portion of the stripping chamber; and a gas outlet at the top portion of the stripping chamber; (b) at least partially stripping a gas from the rich absorbent to yield the gas and a lean absorbent; (c) flowing a gas stream comprising the gas from the stripping chamber via the gas outlet; and (d) flowing a lean absorbent stream comprising the lean absorbent from the stripping chamber via the lean absorbent outlet.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a nonlimiting example of an absorbent regeneration unit of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2A illustrates a cross-section of a nonlimiting example of a stripping plate of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2B illustrates the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 A with extended view to illustrate a wall of the stripping plate.
  • FIG. 2C illustrates a perspective view of FIG. 2B.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a nonlimiting example of components suitable for forming of the present a stripping plate of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a nonlimiting example of a heating profile for a heating plate of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates another nonlimiting example of a heating profile for a heating plate of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates yet another nonlimiting example of a heating profile for a heating plate of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a nonlimiting example of an absorbent regeneration unit of the present disclosure where the plates have a trapezoidal side shape.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a portion of a stripping plate illustrating a single tray.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a perspective view of a nonlimiting example of a tray configuration of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a perspective view of a nonlimiting example of a tray configuration of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a nonlimiting example of an absorbent regeneration unit of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a nonlimiting example offshore system that includes an absorbent regeneration unit of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure relates to absorbent regeneration units, systems comprising said units, and methods of using said units.
  • the absorbent regeneration units described herein generally have ajuxtaposing plate configuration where some plates are configured for stripping processes, some plates for providing heat (e.g., for diabetic heating of the stripping plates and processes), and optionally other plates that integrate other processes into the absorbent regeneration units.
  • the absorbent regeneration units described herein may have a reduced footprint and reduced weight for the same process capacity as compared to the columns currently employed. When implemented in a refinery, this may lead to reduced capital costs, additional available footprint for other processes, increased absorbent regeneration capacity for a similar or same footprint, and the like.
  • the juxtaposing plate configuration provides a modular nature to the absorbent regeneration unit, which enables easy and flexible reconfiguration of the absorbent regeneration unit to account for process capacity changes, footprint and/or weight requirement changes, and the like. In contrast, large columns currently used in the refineries have limited, if any, ability to be reconfigured.
  • fluid streams comprising acid gases are typically more corrosive than fluid streams without acid gases.
  • Recent strides have been made in the industry to develop equipment that can perform scrubbing process on-site and/or sub-water.
  • on-site absorbent regeneration technologies still primarily rely on column equipment, which does not lend itself to sub-water implementation (e.g., a unit below the surface of the water and preferably at the floor of the body of water near where the hydrocarbon fluid is produced).
  • the reduced footprint and reduced weight of the absorbent regeneration units described herein as compared to columns may enable more economical implementation of absorbent regeneration on-site. Further, the methods and systems described herein may allow for implementation of the absorbent regeneration process in sub-water locations.
  • Examples of acid gas absorbents that may be used in the absorbent regeneration units, related systems, and related methods described herein include, but are not limited to, aqueous solutions comprising monoethanol amine (MEA), diethanol amine (DEA), 2-(2-tert- butylaminoethoxy)ethanol (TBAEE), methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), piperazine (PZ) or mixtures thereof; physical solvents comprising 4-(aminoethyl) morpholine derivatives (e.g., described in WO 2014/001664, which is incorporated herein by reference), diamino derivatives of glycerol (e.g., described in WO 2016/055258, which is incorporated herein by reference), and dimethyl ethers of polyethylene glycol (DMPEG); aqueous alkanolamine solutions comprising tert-amino derivatives of glycerol (WO 2014/004020 which is incorporated herein by reference), 3-(tert-butylamino
  • water absorbents that may be used in the absorbent regeneration units, related systems, and related methods described herein include, but are not limited to, tetramethyl-l,6-hexanediamine, tri ethylene glycol (TEG), diethylene glycol (DEG), ethylene glycol (EG or MEG), glycerol and the like, and any combination thereof.
  • components that may be in the acid gas include, but are not limited to, CO2, EbS, SO2, CS2, HCN, COS, mercaptans, and the like, and any combination thereof.
  • the term “lean water absorbent” refers to an absorbent having less than 2 wt% water therein.
  • the term “rich water absorbent” refers to an absorbent having 2 wt% or more water therein.
  • the term “lean acid gas absorbent” refers to an absorbent having less than 2 wt% acid gas therein.
  • rich acid gas absorbent refers to an absorbent having 2 wt% or more acid gas therein.
  • lean absorbent refers to either the lean water absorbent or the lean acid gas absorbent. That is, if the absorbent in the method or system is a water absorbent, then the lean absorbent refers to a lean water absorbent.
  • the term “rich absorbent” refers to either the rich water absorbent or the rich acid gas absorbent. That is, if the absorbent in the method or system is a water absorbent, then the rich absorbent refers to a rich water absorbent.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a nonlimiting example of an absorbent regeneration unit 100 of the present disclosure.
  • the absorbent regeneration unit 100 includes a plurality of juxtaposing plates including cover plates 102A-B, heating plates 104A-D, and stripping plates 106A-F.
  • the series of plates are ordered as a cover plate 102A, a heating plate 104 A, a stripping plate 106 A, a stripping plate 106B, a heating plate 104B, a stripping plate 106C, a stripping plate 106D, a heating plate 104C, a stripping plate 106E, a stripping plate 106F, a heating plate 104D, and a cover plate 102B.
  • each stripping plate 106A-F is in thermal contact with at least one of the heating plates 104A-D.
  • each stripping plate 106A-F is abutting one heating plate 104A-D
  • each heating plate 104A- D is abutting a stripping plate 106A-F on opposing sides of the heating plate 104A-D.
  • FIG. 2A illustrates a cross-section of a nonlimiting example of a stripping plate 200.
  • the stripping plate 200 includes sides 202A-D and a plurality of trays 204A-F that define a primary flow path 206.
  • FIG. 2B illustrates the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 A with extended view to illustrate a wall 208 of the stripping plate 200.
  • a rich absorbent inlet 210 at a top portion 212 of a stripping chamber (e.g., the top 1/3 of the stripping chamber) (defined below), a lean absorbent outlet 214 at a bottom portion 216 of the stripping chamber (e.g., the bottom 1/3 of the stripping chamber); and a gas outlet 218 (e.g., for the acid gas or the water vapor depending on the absorbent being regenerated) at the top portion 212 of the stripping chamber.
  • a gas outlet 218 e.g., for the acid gas or the water vapor depending on the absorbent being regenerated
  • FIG. 2C illustrates a perspective view of FIG. 2B.
  • another wall would be located opposing wall 208 and may have a similar configuration including the rich absorbent inlet 210, the lean absorbent outlet 214, and the gas outlet 218.
  • the two walls and sides define a stripping chamber in which the trays 204 A- 204F are located. Further, the trays 204A-204F would extend between the two opposing walls and define the primary flow path 206 from the rich absorbent inlet 210 to the lean absorbent outlet 214 within the stripping chamber.
  • the absorbent regeneration unit operates such that each stripping plate receives a rich absorbent (e.g., via the rich absorbent inlet 210) at atop portion of the stripping chamber, includes trays 204 A-F to facilitate stripping, receives heat from a heating plate, strips the rich absorbent of acid gas or water (e.g., removed as water vapor) as the absorbent flows, at least in part, along the primary flow path 206 from the rich absorbent inlet 210 to the lean absorbent outlet 214, and allows the stripped gas (acid gas or water vapor) to flow up to the gas outlet 218.
  • a rich absorbent e.g., via the rich absorbent inlet 210
  • the absorbent regeneration unit operates such that each stripping plate receives a rich absorbent (e.g., via the rich absorbent inlet 210) at atop portion of the stripping chamber, includes trays 204 A-F to facilitate stripping, receives heat from a heating plate, strips the rich absorbent of acid gas or water (e.
  • the rich absorbent inlet 210, the lean absorbent outlet 214, and the gas outlet 218 for each stripping plate may be connected by or as a portion of a header for each of the respective fluids.
  • the rich absorbent inlets 210 of each of the stripping plates 200 may be fluidly connected by or to form a rich absorbent header
  • the lean absorbent outlets 214 of each of the stripping plates 200 may be fluidly connected by or to form a lean absorbent header
  • the gas outlets 218 of each of the stripping plates 200 may be fluidly connected by or to form a gas header.
  • said absorbent regeneration unit may have a single inlet for rich absorbent, a single outlet for lean absorbent, and a single outlet for gas (acid gas or water vapor) that is connected to the respective stripping plate 200 inlets and outlets by said headers.
  • the absorbent regeneration unit may have one or more inlets for rich absorbent, one or more outlets for lean absorbent, and one or more outlets for gas where said inlet and outlets of the absorbent regeneration unit are fluidly connected to the respective inlets and outlets of the stripping plates in the absorbent regeneration unit.
  • Individual stripping plates may be subassemblies composed of multiple components that, when assembled, comprise a stripping chamber defined by two opposing walls and sides between the two opposing walls; a plurality of trays extending between the two opposing walls and defining a primary fluid flow path between a rich absorbent inlet at a top portion of the stripping chamber and a lean absorbent outlet at a bottom portion of the stripping chamber; and a gas outlet at the top portion of the stripping chamber.
  • the dimensions of the stripping chamber characterized by a length Lsc (the distance between the sides 202B and 202C from which the trays 204A-204B extend), a width Wsc (the distance between walls, not illustrated), and a height Hsc (the distance between the sides 202A and 202D that do not have trays extending therefrom).
  • the dimensions of the stripping chamber may vary based on the process capacity, footprint availability, and location of implementation, among other things.
  • Nonlimiting ranges for the dimensions include a length Lsc of about 15 cm to about 2 m (or about 15 cm to about 50 cm, or about 25 cm to about 1 m, or about 50 cm to about 2 m, or about 1 m to about 2 m), a width Wsc of about 1 cm to about 10 cm (or about 1 cm to about 5 cm, or about 3 cm to about 8 cm, or about 5 cm to about 10 cm), and a height Hsc of about 15 cm to about 5 m (or about 15 cm to about 50 cm, or about 25 cm to about 1 m, or about 50 cm to about 3 m, or about 2 m to about 5 m).
  • the material used to form the walls, sides, and trays should be chosen to be nonreactive with the absorbent and gas being stripped therefrom.
  • Example materials suitable for forming the walls, sides, and trays may include, but are not limited to, corrosion resistant steel (e.g., SS304(L), SS316(L)), carbon steel with protective coating, titanium, and the like, and any combination thereof.
  • FIGS. 2A-2C illustrate a rectangular cross-sectional shape
  • other cross- sectional shapes of stripping plates may be ovular, circular, trapezoidal, triangular, or any other suitable shape.
  • suitable dimensions for other cross- sectional shapes based on the provided dimensions for a rectangular cross-section (e.g., to achieve comparable stripping chamber volume).
  • the trays may be coupled to one or more of the walls, one or more of the side, or a combination thereof.
  • a stripping plate may be formed, at least in part, by (a) two partition components 300 each comprising one of the two opposing walls and (b) a process component 302 comprising the sides and the plurality of trays, and wherein the process component 302 is between the two partition components 300.
  • the rich absorbent inlet, the lean absorbent outlet, and the gas outlet are not illustrated but may individually be located in a side, in a wall, or both of the stripping plate.
  • the rich absorbent inlet may be located in a top portion of the stripping chamber in a side of the process component 302, in a wall of one of the partition components 300, or, when multiple rich absorbent inlets are present, in at least one side and/or at least one wall. Similar configurations may be utilized for the lean absorbent outlet in a bottom portion of the stripping chamber and the gas outlet in a top portion of the stripping chamber.
  • An alternative nonlimiting example to FIG. 3 may be a stripping plate formed, at least in part, by (a) a partition component comprising a first of the two opposing walls juxtaposing (b) a process component comprising a second of the two opposing walls, the sides, and the plurality of trays.
  • the rich absorbent inlet, the lean absorbent outlet, and the gas outlet may individually be located in a side, in a wall, or both of the stripping plate in the appropriate components of this example.
  • FIG. 3 Another alternative nonlimiting example to FIG. 3 may be a stripping plate formed, at least in part, by (a) a partition component comprising a first of the two opposing walls and the sides juxtaposing (b) a process component comprising a second of the two opposing walls and the plurality of trays.
  • the rich absorbent inlet, the lean absorbent outlet, and the gas outlet may individually be located in a side, in a wall, or both of the stripping plate in the appropriate components of this example.
  • FIG. 3 may be a stripping plate formed, at least in part, by (a) a partition component comprising a first of the two opposing walls and at least one of the sides juxtaposing (b) a process component comprising a second of the two opposing walls, at least one of the sides, and the plurality of trays.
  • the rich absorbent inlet, the lean absorbent outlet, and the gas outlet may individually be located in a side, in a wall, or both of the stripping plate in the appropriate components of this example.
  • Other configurations are also contemplated for achieving a stripping plate described herein.
  • FIGS. 4-6 illustrate nonlimiting examples of heat output profiles that may be used in heating plates described herein.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a heating profile for a heating plate 400 that is substantially the same heat output (e.g., ⁇ 10% of the average heat output) across the heating area 402 of the heating plate 400.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a heating profile for a heating plate 500 that is a gradient of heat output over the heating area 502 of the heating plate 500 with greater heat output Q at a top of the heating area 502 that reduces to the lowest heat output Qs at the bottom of the heating area 502.
  • the gradient may be smooth, stepped, or a hybrid thereof.
  • the pattern to the gradient may, for example, be substantially the same heat output in one direction and a changing heat output in a perpendicular direction (e.g., as illustrated in FIG. 5 where the horizontal direction is substantially the same and the vertical direction changes).
  • the pattern to the gradient may be radiative where the central portion of the heating area has a heat output that changes radially towards the sides of the heating area.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a heating profile for a heating plate 600 that is a discretized heat output over the heating area 602 of the heating plate 600 where discrete portions of the heating area 602 have substantially the same heat output.
  • Other heating profiles are contemplated.
  • the heat may be provided by a heating element (e.g., a resistive heating element comprising metal, ceramic, semiconductor, polymer, and the like, and any combination thereof), a heated fluid (e.g., air, exhaust gas, oil, and the like) passing through the heating plate, and the like, and any combination thereof.
  • a heating element e.g., a resistive heating element comprising metal, ceramic, semiconductor, polymer, and the like, and any combination thereof
  • Heat transfer fluids may be mixed (e.g., diluted exhaust gas with air).
  • portions of the heat transfer may be accomplished with one method while other methods are used in different sections.
  • the heated fluid may pass through a cavity in the heating plate, through a micro channels in the heating plate, through tubing in the heating plate, through baffles in the heating plate, and the like, and any combination thereof.
  • the hardware chosen for the heating plates of a specific absorbent regeneration unit may depend on, among other things, the location of the absorbent regeneration unit. For example, in a refinery, exhaust gas from a reactor and/or heated oil from another heat exchange process may be plentiful, so heating plates configured to uses the foregoing as the heat source may be more economically implemented. In contrast, an offshore and/or sub-water absorbent regeneration unit may only have access to electrical power where a heating element is the appropriate choice for the heating plate.
  • FIGS. 1, 2A-2C, and 3-6 generally illustrate the plates generally being rectangular cubes and the plates being parallel.
  • the cross-section of individual plates e.g., the perspective of FIG. 2A
  • plates may be shaped such that the walls of plates are not parallel but still allow for a juxtaposing configuration.
  • a trapezoidal (and/or triangular) side shape illustrated in the absorbent regeneration unit 700 of FIG. 7 may be appropriate.
  • the heater plates 702A-D have a larger bottom
  • the stripping plates 704 A-C have a larger top.
  • the heater plates may be sufficiently engineered to be endcaps and the cover plates 102A and 102B of FIG. 1 may not be needed.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a portion of a stripping plate 800 illustrating a single tray 804 extending from side 802A.
  • the dimensions of the tray 804 may be characterized by a length LT (the distance the tray 804 extends from a side 802A or 802B, illustrated as extending from 802A), a width WT (the distance in and out of the plane of the figure, which is equivalent to the distance between the walls), and a height HT (the thickness of the tray 804 where the tray abuts or connects to the side 802A or 802B).
  • the dimensions of the tray 804 may vary based on the process capacity and size of the stripping chamber, among other things.
  • Nonlimiting ranges for the dimensions include a length L T of about 10% to about 95% (or about 10% to about 25%, or about 20% to about 60%, or about 50% to about 80%, or about 75% to about 95%) of the stripping chamber length (Lsc), a width W T (not illustrated) of about 1 cm to about 10 cm (or about 1 cm to about 5 cm, or about 3 cm to about 8 cm, or about 5 cm to about 10 cm), and a height H T of about 1 mm to about 5 cm (or about 1 mm to about 1 cm, or about 5 mm to about 3 cm, or about 1 cm to about 5 cm).
  • the tray 804 in FIG. 8 (as well as trays in FIGS. 2A-2C and 3) are illustrated as extending perpendicular from a side 802A into the stripping chamber, the angle A T between the side 802A and the upper surface 806 of the tray 804 may be about 80° to about 100°.
  • the tray 804 in FIG. 8 (as well as trays in FIGS. 2A-2C and 3) are illustrated as having a cross-sectional shape defined along the length LT and height HT and perpendicular to the width WT of rectangular and flat, other cross-sectional shapes may be used. Examples of such cross-sectional shapes include, but are not limited to, rounded (e.g., ovular), wedged, sinusoidal, corrugated, and the like.
  • the tray 804 includes two structural features that while illustrated together may be implemented separately.
  • the tray 804 comprises packing 808 (specifically illustrated as fin packing) and a downcomer leg 810.
  • the packing 808 of the tray 804 preferably extends from an upper surface 806 of the tray 804 into the primary flow path 812. Further, the packing 808 preferably contacts the walls of the stripping chamber and act as heat transfer conduits to improve the homogeneity of the temperature across the width Wsc of the stripping chamber. Additionally, the packing 808 increases the surface area within the stripping chamber, which may improve the efficiency and/or efficacy of the stripping process.
  • packing examples include, but are not limited to, fin packing, mesh (e.g., wire mesh), metal wool, porous foam, porous matrix material and the like, and any combination thereof.
  • the angle A F the fin extends from the upper surface 806 of the tray 804 may be any angle determined to provide advantageous heat and mass transfer characteristics.
  • the downcomer leg 810 of the tray 804 preferably is at or near the end of the tray and extend upwardly and downwardly.
  • the downcomer leg 810 like the packing 808, provides heat transfer from the walls into the primary flow path 812.
  • the upwardly extending portion of the downcomer leg 810 may also increase the residence time of the absorber in the stripping cavity by creating a tortuous path for the liquid to pass.
  • the absorbent regeneration unit is positioned at an angle or moved such that gravity is not pulling directly down, the downcomer leg 810 may facilitate maintaining a liquid level in the tray and avoid flooding or weeping. That is, the desired flow path of liquid and vapor should be maintained.
  • Perforations are another feature of a tray that may be used alone or in combination with a downcomer leg, packing, or both a downcomer leg and packing.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a perspective view of a tray 900 configuration where the tray 900 includes a downcomer leg 902 and perforations 904.
  • the perforations may be any shape and size such that the tray maintains its structural integrity during operation. Examples of shapes include, but are not limited to, rectangular, square, pentagonal, hexaganol, other polygonal shapes, ovular, circular, and the like, and any combination thereof.
  • the perforations define secondary flow paths that the liquid absorber or the gas (acid gas or water vapor) may pass downwardly or upwardly, respectively, during the stripping process. Without being limited by theory, it is believed that the perforations may facilitate upward vapor movement and help avoid fluid flooding. Likewise, the perforations may preferably be designed to avoid weeping of fluid therethrough.
  • a nonlimiting example of a preferential flow path is for vapor upward flow through perforations and liquid downward flow through the downcomer. Tray design may vary throughout the device to allow for different vapor and liquid flow rates in different sections of the device.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a perspective view of a nonlimiting example tray 1000 configuration where the tray 1000 includes a downcomer leg 1002, perforations 1004, and fin packing 1006.
  • Each of the plurality of trays of the stripping plate may have any suitable dimensions and may optionally include one or more of the features: downcomer leg, packing, and perforations. Further, each stripping plate in the absorbent regeneration unit may have any suitable dimensions and include any suitable number of trays that each have suitable dimensions and optionally include one or more of the features.
  • the stripping plates may further include one or more injection inlet, preferably in a middle and/or top portion of the stripping chamber, that allows for injecting chemicals that promote regeneration of the absorbent.
  • Such chemicals are known in the art and generally include intermediate-boiling hydrocarbons. Examples of such chemicals include, but are not limited to, isooctane, toluene and the like, and any combination thereof.
  • the intermediate-boiling hydrocarbons provide additional vapor traffic to help strip acid gases and/or water (as water vapor) from the absorbent.
  • the hydrocarbon would be condensed externally with the acid gas and/or water, separated from the acid gas and/or water, and returned as reflux to the stripping plates.
  • the condensation and/or separation may be performed external to the absorbent regeneration unit or in one or more plates of the absorbent regeneration unit.
  • the absorbent regeneration unit may also include other plates in addition to the plurality of stripping plates and the one or more heating plates.
  • plates include, but are not limited to, cooling plates, condensing plates, and the like, and any combination thereof.
  • Cooling plates may have a similar design to heating plates but use cooling elements and/or cooling liquids. Examples of cooling elements include, but are not limited to, thermoelectric coolers, and the like, and any combination thereof.
  • condensing plates include an inlet for the fluid to be treated, an outlet for the condensed bottoms, and an outlet for the overheads. Vent locations may be included in the vertical direction of the device (i.e., along Hsc) to allow for removal of non-condensable components.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a nonlimiting example of an absorbent regeneration unit 1100 that includes cover plates 1102A-B, stripping plates 1104A-B, heating plate 1106, condensing plates 1108A-B, and cooling plate 1110.
  • the plurality of juxtaposing plates are illustrated in the following order: cover plate 1102A, stripping plate 1104A, heating plate 1106, stripping plate 1104B, condensing plate 1108A, cooling plate 1110, condensing plate 1108B, and cover plate 1102B.
  • the processes occurring the nonlimiting example absorbent regeneration unit 1100 comprising: introducing a rich absorbent into the stripping plates 1104A-B (e.g., via one or more rich absorbent inlets in each of the stripping plates 1104A-B), heating the stripping plates 1104A-B with the heating plate 1106, stripping the rich absorbent to produce a gas (acid gas or water vapor) and a lean absorbent, flowing the gas from the stripping plates 1104A-B (e.g., via one or more gas outlets in each of the stripping plates 1104A-B) to the condensing plates 1108A-B, introducing the gas from the condensing plates 1108A-B (e.g., via one or more gas inlets in each of the condensing plates 1108A-B), cooling the condensing plates 1108A-B with the cooling plate 1110, and condensing at least the water vapor, when present, (and intermediate-boiling hydrocarbons, if
  • the resultant gas condensation overheads may then be captured.
  • the resultant condensate may then be flowed back to and injected into the stripping plates 1104A-B to assist in the stripping process.
  • the lean absorbent produced in the stripping plates may be flowed back to a process (e.g., a process for the removal of the gas (acid gas or water vapor) from hydrocarbons).
  • the condensing plate 1108 A abutting the stripping plate 1104B may have a heat flow from the condensing plate 1108 A to the heat of the stripping plate 1104B.
  • the water from the body of water in which the absorbent regeneration unit is operating may be used as at least some of the cooling fluid in cooling plate.
  • the plurality of plates of the absorbent regeneration units described herein may be secured together by any suitable securing structure.
  • plates may have an edge or portion that extends beyond the process portion (e.g., the stripping chamber of a stripping plate) of the plate that has holes or other structural features that allow for securing the plates together.
  • the plates may fit into another structure (e.g., a frame) of the absorbent regeneration unit that, at least partially, secures the plates in a desired configuration.
  • plate may be bonded with brazing, welding or diffusion bonding processes or other suitable processes.
  • the structure of the absorbent regeneration unit as a whole or portions thereof may be manufactured with additive manufacturing methods and may be manufactured that way.
  • the absorbent regeneration unit may include insulation to, at least partially, thermally isolate the absorbent regeneration unit from the surroundings. Insulation may be particularly useful in absorbent regeneration units designed for sub-water operation.
  • the absorbent regeneration unit may include a power connection, which may be useful in powering heating elements in a heating plate.
  • the absorbent regeneration units described herein may be implemented in a multitude of locations including (a) in a refinery downstream of a sour gas sweetening process or dehydration process, (b) at a land-based well-site downstream of a sour gas sweetening process (e.g., a cMIST inline gas treating system) or dehydration process, (c) on an offshore platform downstream of a sour gas sweetening process (e.g., a cMIST inline gas treating system) or dehydration process, (d) sub-water (i.e., below a body of water’s surface (e.g., an ocean, a gulf, a lake, a river, and the like) (e.g., on a bottom of said body of water or on a platform or other structure that is below the water’s surface) in combination with a sour gas sweetening process (e.g., a cMIST inline gas treating system) or dehydration process
  • Systems comprising the absorbent regeneration units described herein may include a sour gas sweetening unit (said unit may be one or more components and not necessarily a self-contained unit) upstream of the absorbent regeneration unit wherein the sour gas sweetening unit is configured to receive sour hydrocarbon and contact the sour hydrocarbon with an absorbent (or lean absorbent) to produce sweet hydrocarbon and rich absorbent, wherein the absorbent regeneration unit is configured to receive the rich absorbent from the sour gas sweetening unit and strip acid gas from the rich absorbent to yield the acid gas and lean absorbent, and wherein the system is configured to flow the rich absorbent from the sour gas sweetening unit to the absorbent regeneration unit and flow the lean absorbent from the absorbent regeneration unit to the sour gas sweetening unit.
  • a sour gas sweetening unit may be one or more components and not necessarily a self-contained unit upstream of the absorbent regeneration unit wherein the sour gas sweetening unit is configured to receive sour hydro
  • Systems comprising the absorbent regeneration units described herein may include a dehydration unit (said unit may be one or more components and not necessarily a self- contained unit) upstream of the absorbent regeneration unit wherein the dehydration unit is configured to receive a wet hydrocarbon fluid (e.g., comprising 2 wt% or more water, or comprising 5 wt% or more water, or comprising 10 wt% or more water) and contact the wet hydrocarbon fluid with an absorbent (or lean absorbent) to produce dehydrated hydrocarbon fluid (e.g., comprising 5 wt% or less water, or comprising 2 wt% or less water, or comprising 1 wt% or more water) and rich absorbent, wherein the absorbent regeneration unit is configured to receive the rich absorbent from the dehydration unit and strip water from the rich absorbent to yield the gas and lean absorbent, and wherein the system is configured to flow the rich absorbent from the dehydration unit to the absorbent regeneration unit and flow the lean absorbent from the
  • FIG. 12 is a nonlimiting example offshore system 1200 of the present disclosure.
  • the system 1200 includes a platform 1202, a sour gas sweetening unit 1210 below the water 1204 (illustrated as on an ocean bottom 1206 but alternatively on a suitable structure below the water 1204), and an absorbent regeneration unit 1216 below the water 1204 (illustrated as on a body of water’s bottom 1206 (e.g., an ocean, a lake, and the like) but alternatively on a suitable structure below the water 1204).
  • the gas production portion of the system is not illustrated.
  • Sour gas produced from a reservoir is introduced to the sour gas sweetening unit 1210 via sour gas line 1208 to produce (a) sweet gas that is flowed to the platform 1202 via sweet gas line 1212 and (b) rich absorbent that is flowed to the absorbent regeneration unit 1216 via rich absorbent line 1214.
  • the absorbent regeneration unit 1216 strips acid gas from the rich absorbent to yield (a) the acid gas that is flowed to the platform 1202 via acid gas line 1218 and (b) lean absorbent that is flowed to the sour gas sweetening unit 1210 via lean absorbent line 1220.
  • Electrical power may be provided from the platform 1202 to the absorbent regeneration unit 1216 via power line 1222. Electrical power may also be provided (not illustrated) from the platform 1202 to the sour gas sweetening unit 1210.
  • the embodiment described relative to FIG. 12 may be adapted to dehydration where the sour gas sweetening unit 1210 is replaced with a dehydration unit, the sour gas is replaced with a wet hydrocarbon fluid, the sour gas line 1208 is replaced with a wet hydrocarbon fluid line, the sweet gas is replaced with a dehydrated hydrocarbon fluid, and the acid gas is replaced with water vapor.
  • a first nonlimiting example embodiment of the present disclosure is an absorbent regeneration unit comprising: a plurality of juxtaposing plates comprising a plurality of stripping plates and one or more heating plates; wherein each stripping plate is in thermal contact with at least one of the heating plates; and wherein at least one of the plurality of stripping plates comprises: (a) a stripping chamber defined by two opposing walls and sides between the two opposing walls; (b) a plurality of trays extending between the two opposing walls and defining a primary fluid flow path between a rich absorbent inlet at a top portion of the stripping chamber and a lean absorbent outlet at a bottom portion of the stripping chamber; and (c) a gas outlet at the top portion of the stripping chamber.
  • the first nonlimiting example embodiment may further include one or more of: Element 1 : wherein at least one of the plurality of trays comprises a perforation that defines a secondary fluid flow path; Element 2: wherein the at least one of the plurality of stripping plates further comprises a packing extending upwardly into the primary flow path from at least one of the plurality of trays; Element 3: wherein the at least one of the plurality of stripping plates further comprises a fin extending upwardly into the primary flow path from at least one of the plurality of trays; Element 4: wherein the at least one of the plurality of stripping plates further comprises a downcomer leg extending downwardly and, optionally, upwardly into the primary flow path at an end of at least one of the plurality of trays; Element 5: wherein the at least one of the plurality of stripping plates further comprises a chemical injection inlet; Element 6: wherein the at least one of the plurality of stripping plates is formed by (a) two partition plates each comprising one of the
  • a second nonlimiting example embodiment of the present disclosure is a system comprising: an absorbent regeneration unit of the first nonlimiting example; a sour gas sweetening unit upstream of the absorbent regeneration unit, wherein the sour gas sweetening unit is configured to receive sour hydrocarbon and contact the sour hydrocarbon with an absorbent to produce a sweet hydrocarbon and a rich absorbent, wherein the absorbent regeneration unit is configured to receive the rich absorbent from the sour gas sweetening unit and strip acid gas from the rich absorbent to yield the acid gas and lean absorbent, and wherein the system is configured to flow the rich absorbent from the sour gas sweetening unit to the absorbent regeneration unit and flow the lean absorbent from the absorbent regeneration unit to the sour gas sweetening unit.
  • a third nonlimiting example embodiment of the present disclosure is a system comprising: the absorbent regeneration unit of the first nonlimiting example; a dehydration unit upstream of the absorbent regeneration unit wherein the dehydration unit is configured to receive a wet hydrocarbon fluid and contact the wet hydrocarbon fluid with an absorbent to produce dehydrated hydrocarbon fluid and rich absorbent, wherein the absorbent regeneration unit is configured to receive the rich absorbent from the dehydration unit and strip water from the rich absorbent to yield the gas and lean absorbent, and wherein the system is configured to flow the rich absorbent from the dehydration unit to the absorbent regeneration unit and flow the lean absorbent from the absorbent regeneration unit to the dehydration unit.
  • Said dehydration unit may be located sub-water.
  • a fourth nonlimiting example embodiment of the present disclosure is a method comprising: (a) introducing a rich absorbent into a top portion of a stripping chamber of a stripping plate, wherein the stripping plate comprises: the stripping chamber defined by two opposing walls and sides between the two opposing walls; a plurality of trays extending between the two opposing walls and defining a primary fluid flow path between a rich absorbent inlet at the top portion of the stripping chamber and a lean absorbent outlet at a bottom portion of the stripping chamber; and a gas outlet at the top portion of the stripping chamber; (b) at least partially stripping a gas from the rich absorbent to yield the gas and a lean absorbent; (c) flowing a gas stream comprising the gas from the stripping chamber via the gas outlet; and (d) flowing a lean absorbent stream comprising the lean absorbent from the stripping chamber via the lean absorbent outlet.
  • the fourth nonlimiting example embodiment may further include one or more of: Element 14: wherein the gas is an acid gas; Element 15: wherein the gas is water vapor; Element 16: the method further comprising: introducing an intermediate-boiling hydrocarbon into the top portion and/or an intermediate portion of the stripping chamber, wherein the gas stream further comprises the intermediate-boiling hydrocarbon; Element 17: Element 16 and the method further comprising: wherein the gas stream is a first gas stream; flowing the first gas stream from the stripping plate to a condensing plate; condensing the first gas stream to produce an intermediate-boiling hydrocarbon stream and a second gas stream; and flowing the intermediate-boiling hydrocarbon stream to the stripping chamber as a source of the intermediate-boiling hydrocarbon; Element 18: wherein the rich absorbent is provided from a sour gas sweetening unit; Element 19: wherein the stripping plate is a component of an absorbent regeneration unit that comprises: a plurality of juxtapos
  • compositions and methods are described herein in terms of “comprising” various components or steps, the compositions and methods can also “consist essentially of’ or “consist of’ the various components and steps.
  • compositions and methods are described in terms of “comprising,” “containing,” or “including” various components or steps, the compositions and methods can also “consist essentially of’ or “consist of’ the various components and steps. All numbers and ranges disclosed above may vary by some amount. Whenever a numerical range with a lower limit and an upper limit is disclosed, any number and any included range falling within the range is specifically disclosed. In particular, every range of values (of the form, “from about a to about b,” or, equivalently, “from approximately a to b,” or, equivalently, “from approximately a-b”) disclosed herein is to be understood to set forth every number and range encompassed within the broader range of values.

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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract

Unité de régénération absorbante, utilisant une plaque de décapage diabatique pouvant comprendre : une pluralité de plaques de juxtaposition comprenant une pluralité de plaques de décapage et une ou plusieurs plaques chauffantes ; chaque plaque de décapage étant en contact thermique avec au moins l'une des plaques chauffantes ; et au moins une plaque de décapage de la pluralité de plaques de décapage comprenant : (a) une chambre de décapage définie par deux parois opposées et des côtés entre les deux parois opposées ; (b) une pluralité de plateaux s'étendant entre les deux parois opposées et définissant un trajet d'écoulement de fluide primaire entre une entrée d'absorbant riche au niveau d'une partie supérieure de la chambre de décapage et une sortie d'absorbant pauvre au niveau d'une partie inférieure de la chambre de décapage ; et (c) une sortie de gaz au niveau de la partie supérieure de la chambre de décapage.
PCT/US2022/020188 2021-03-15 2022-03-14 Procédés et unités de régénération absorbants qui utilisent des plaques de décapage à chauffage diabatique WO2022197605A1 (fr)

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