WO2022191687A1

WO2022191687A1 - Modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device, simulating the thoracic characteristics of persons of different ages and of other animal species, and method for the manufacture thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2022191687A1
Application number: PCT/MX2021/000008
Authority: WO
Inventors: Daniel ARAGÓN HAN; Mariana DELGADO RODRÍGUEZ; Yoku SASHIDA MÉNDEZ
Original assignee: Aragon Han Daniel; Delgado Rodriguez Mariana; Sashida Mendez Yoku
Priority date: 2021-03-10
Filing date: 2021-03-11
Publication date: 2022-09-15
Also published as: MX2021002853A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device, simulating the thoracic characteristics of persons of different ages and of other animal species, characterised in that it comprises an interchangeable compression module, designed to receive the compressions exerted by the hands of a user, the mechanical resistance properties whereof mimic the mechanical resistance properties presented by the chest of a person based on their age, or by the chest of another animal species, configured to be installed removably on a casing that houses and protects, on a base, a processing, logic control and auditory alert module with a preconfigured rhythm, rate and frequency of sound, based on the mechanical resistance properties endowed to said interchangeable compression module, which depend upon the type of chest to be mimicked, to repeat the chest compressions performed by a user for the practice of pulmonary resuscitation, being alerted aurally by means of a sound when the compression is performed at an ideal frequency between 0.5 and 15 Hz.

Description

MODULAR CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION TRAINING DEVICE THAT SIMULATES THORACIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT AGES AND OF OTHER ANIMAL SPECIES, AND SAME MANUFACTURING PROCESS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention generally refers to a cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device through which any person, such as and not limited to: students, children, adults, the elderly, can practice the compression and rhythm technique in it, with a programmed auditory feedback; particularly the mechanical substitute for the thorax in resuscitation training for any living being, as well as its manufacturing process.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Cardiorespiratory arrest is the sudden and unexpected interruption of breathing and circulation, potentially reversible. This reversal can be through cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuvers. (AHA, 2019), which is a technique that combines chest compressions and rescue breaths, which can help bring oxygen-rich blood to the brain and help you breathe again. (Nemours KidsHealth, nd). Worldwide, more than 135 million deaths from cardiovascular causes are recorded each year, and the prevalence of coronary heart disease is increasing. The incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is between 20 and 140 per 100,000 people and survival ranges between 2% and 11%. (Meaney et al., nd).

50% of lives can be saved through the correct use of first aid, but only 1 in 100 Mexicans know how to do it, of which 70% mention that they do not feel safe to do it.

It is a reality that both health personnel and citizens cannot wait to be faced with an emergency situation due to the precariousness and risk that it represents, for which it is necessary to provide an alternative that allows them to be prepared for the moment in which cardiorespiratory arrest occurs, for whatever reason it occurs.

To perform an adequate cardiac massage, it is necessary to consider two relevant factors, the depth of the compressions and their frequency, which vary according to the species, and the size, in the case of humans, in neonates the depth of the compression must be 1/3 of the antero-posterior diameter of the chest and the rate is at least 90 per minute, in adults the depth should be at least 5 cm, with a compression rate of 100 to 120 per minute, although correspond the same parameters for obese humans, more force is required to achieve displacement of the sternum to the desired depth.

On the other hand, cardiopulmonary resuscitation in species such as canines and felines is directly related to size, where it is necessary to consider the width of the thoracic cavity, and compression is determined by at least one quarter and not more than one third of the width. same, and the compression rate is within the range of 90 to 140 per minute.

Therefore, we developed a device that allows cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to be practiced from anywhere, in order to have a more trained and safe population to attend to emergencies and save more lives.

Conventional methods of teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation are currently focused on devices that depend completely or partially on the feedback of an instructor for adequate learning, in addition to the fact that these devices present a single density that translates into a single level of force. to apply on the chest, which only simulates a patient, limiting the teaching.

On the other hand, conventional teaching devices are commonly in the form of a full-scale human head and torso, which limits their portability and usefulness for teaching. related to other living things. Currently, the need for CPR maneuvers has been demonstrated in living beings and mammals, which can be, but are not limited to, primates, canines and felines.

The present invention is aimed at providing a modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, and its manufacturing process, which allows auditory notification in intervals or repetitions to execute the compressions and their manufacturing process.

A search was carried out to determine the closest state of the art, finding the following documents:

Document US5295835 by Samuel Scheinberg and David E Moeller was located. dated August 12, 1992, disclosing a training manikin for teaching students to perform CPR that includes an integrally molded head, neck, and torso of an elastic material that allows for neck flexion and provides realistic resistance to compression of the torso simulating an external cardiac massage. A tubular airway passageway includes a restrictor and may receive occluders. A cavity in the torso holds a similar smaller dummy, about the size of a baby. The manikin may have a waterproof skin surrounding a lower density elastic microporous foam core.

However, mannequins have been used for years to training people to perform mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration and closed-chest cardiac massage, known as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the complexity, configuration, structure, and functioning of such manikins makes them undesirably expensive and in many cases inaccessible to the wider public. for CPR training. Although mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and closed-chest cardiac massage can be performed on the CPR training manikin in that document, it is inexpensive, durable, easy to clean, and requires little maintenance and repair. This requires the feedback of an instructor for learning to be adequate, in addition to the fact that these devices have a single density that translates into a single level of force to be applied to the chest, which simulates only one patient, limiting teaching.

Patent application US20100291522 by Mark E. Cook et al. on May 19, 2010, disclosing a medical training device with an improved clamshell torso arrangement defining a two-piece tilting head, including a mechanical mounting structure for secure attachment of an improved lung bag or a face shield. The head also includes an improved nose feature to provide a more realistic representation of the nasal cartilage and an improved neck assembly. In addition, it discloses an electromechanical indicator device to display real-time feedback of the compression rate of CPR delivered by a student on the training dummy; wherein the device feedback may preferably be provided by visual indicators, but may also have, or alternatively have, audio cues or indicators, such as words or sounds, to indicate whether or not the student is compressing within the preferred frequency range, and/or the degree of variation in the student's compression sequences. Although it involves an electromechanical indicating device to display real-time feedback of the compression rate of delivered CPR, it features a single density that translates into a single level of force applied to the chest, which only simulates a patient, limiting teaching. Added to the problems of the complexity, configuration, structure and operation of said device that makes it expensive and in many cases inaccessible to more public for CPR training.

Application W02019206702 by Pierre-Enric Steiger and Marcel Schneider of April 15, 2019 was located, which discloses a simulation dummy for simulating and/or practicing a chest compression of a human body, comprising: an artificial ribcage having a artificial sternum that can be pressed into the caged artificial rib by simulated chest compression at least real chest compression rate. This document also discloses that the manikin integrates at least one open-loop and/or closed-loop electronic control device to generate at least one target chest compression rate; wherein at least one sensor device detect the rate of compression of the actual chest to be transmitted to the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device; and at least one first output device and at least one second output device, wherein at least one frequency difference between the actual and the desired chest compression frequency can be determined by the open and/or closed circuit. However, it still presents the problems of complexity, configuration and structure, as well as its operation that makes it expensive and in many cases inaccessible to more public for CPR training. In addition, it has a single density that translates into a single level of force to be applied to the chest, which simulates only one patient, limiting teaching.

In this case, it also has the drawback that they have the shape of a human torso, on a real scale, which limits their portability and teaching utility for training with other animals, since the need for maneuvers of Mammalian CPR, which may include, but is not limited to, primates, canines, and felines.

Given the need to have a cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device to simulate living beings that offers the possibility of self-taught learning by having auditory notification means, repetition interval to execute chest compressions and the possibility of being able to modify the mechanical resistance to simulate the force control to be applied depending on the age, species and characteristics of the human thorax or another species with which it is intended to practice and/or execute an appropriate and effective technique.

OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION

The primary objective of the present invention is to make available a novel device with auditory feedback to be used in compression training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, which allows simulating the mechanical properties of resistance exerted by the human thorax and other animal species such as mammals, which can be , but not limited to primates, canines and felines.

Another objective of the invention is to provide said cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device to simulate living beings that offers the possibility of self-taught learning by having auditory notification means to aurally notify the interval of repetitions to execute chest compressions and that offers the possibility of being able to modify the mechanical resistance of the element to be compressed to regulate the control of the force to be applied depending on the age, species and characteristics of the human thorax or another species with which it is intended to practice in order to execute an appropriate and effective technique.

Another objective of the invention is to make said cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device available to simulate thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and for other animal species, which due to its size and shape provide an improvement in portability, versatility and usability, due to the fact that the materials that constitute it maintain the necessary density to simulate the force required in a compression, for each of the particular cases.

Another objective of the invention is to make said cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device available to simulate thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and for other animal species, which allows modifying the density and adjusting the compression frequency to simulate the force and cadence required according to the training case.

Another objective of the invention is to make available said cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device to simulate thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and for other animal species, which also allows adjusting parameters to modify the density and therefore the force necessary to perform the compression, which allows simulating the characteristics and properties of the thorax of a person of different ages or of other animal species, depending on the training case.

Another objective of the invention is to make available a new method of teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation through auditory feedback, which improves the quality of training, allowing to automate and improve the training, teaching and learning processes, among others, muscle memory. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In general, the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species comprises an interchangeable compression module designed to receive compressions with the hands of a user and that simulates the characteristics and properties of a thorax of a person or other animal species, configured to be interchangeably mounted in a casing that houses and protects on a base a processing, logic control and auditory notification module to generate the user's compressions in rhythm, time and frequency necessary for the practice of pulmonary resuscitation.

Said invention is used for training of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuver (manual only), which notifies auditorily by means of a sound when compression is performed at a suitable frequency between 0.5 Hz and 15 Hz. Compression at the suitable frequency is performed on the interchangeable module of characteristic density which simulates the mechanical properties of resistance exerted by the thorax of the living being depending on the case of study.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, said module of interchangeable compression is mainly composed of materials that allow compression by simulating the mechanical properties of resistance exerted by the person's chest, depending on their age, or the animal species to be simulated, based on high and low density polymers that can be , but not limited to polyurethane, polystyrene, polyethylene, among others or mixtures thereof, which is designed and manufactured with dimensions and a predetermined thickness based on the density and mechanical properties of resistance exerted by the human thorax and other species animals such as mammals, which may be, but are not limited to primates, canines and felines.

Said interchangeable compression module has a predetermined shape with an upper surface such that it allows compressions to be executed with both hands of a user and with memory to return to its original shape; and that allows it to be placed and mounted releasably on top of the base that houses and protects said processing, logic control and auditory notification module

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, said base that houses and protects said processing, logic control and auditory notification module is mainly made up of rigid plastics such as polylactic acid or polylactic acid (PLA), glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate (PETG), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ABS (for its acronym in English), among others, however, can be other materials such as, but not limited to: wood, plastic, alloys, composite and/or any of these combinations, distributing the force load uniformly towards it, in such a way that it allows other compression modules to be easily exchanged depending on the training case.

The base that houses and protects said processing, logic control and auditory notification module is mainly composed of materials that allow the creation of a support system that provides rigidity and adequate distribution of the forces applied to it.

Said casing is fixed to said base where said processing, logic control and auditory notification module is mounted, through connection elements that can be, but are not limited to, screws, bolts, plastic fasteners, adhesives, thermal bonding methods or ultrasonic, among others.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, said processing, logic control and auditory notification module for the user is mainly composed of a PWM-type frequency signal generator that can be, but is not limited to: a microcontroller, a gate array field programmable logic or FPGA (field programmable gate array), logic gate, resonator, among others; which creates an oscillation frequency range with which through a sound-emitting component that can be, but is not limited to: a horn, buzzer, or others, sound waves are emitted that serve as user feedback; said module for processing, logical control and auditory notification to the user also comprises components for programming where a frequency algorithm is defined with which the PWM type frequency signal generator and/or a general purpose input/output GPIO ( English General Purpose Input/Output), as a means of control and/or feedback; and wherein a power source feeds said processing, logic control and auditory notification module, said sound-emitting component and said general purpose input/output GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output). Said power source, preferably with a voltage range of 3V. at 9V. and a current between 0.1A. at 0.5A. , which in its preferred mode said power source is made up of, but is not limited to: batteries, diodes, rectifiers, resistors, linear or non-linear voltage regulators, among other components, as well as an ignition mechanism thereof that can be but not limited to: switch, button, among others. And a component that indicates to the user when the device is turned on, which can be but is not limited to an LED indicator, sound indicator or others.

In another embodiment of the invention, the processing, logic control and audio notification module for the user may include feedback means for extracting the training parameters, which may be: time, delay, compression efficiency; wherein said feedback means can be mechanical means that can be, but not limited to a button and wired and/or wireless communication for extracting said training parameters.

In another embodiment of the invention, said modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device to simulate people of different ages and for other animal species may or may not contain the guidelines of the Association

American Heart Association AHA, only simulating cardiac massage with elastic deformation capacity at the moment of compression with a force equivalent to 0.01 to 1100 N and a frequency of 100 to 120 beats per minute, and/or with the ability to simulate

Insufflations, pausing for 10 seconds to perform 2 insufflations within that time range.

American Heart Association AHA, only simulating cardiac massage with elastic deformation capacity at the moment of compression with a force equivalent to 0.01 to 1100 N and a frequency of 90 to 100 beats per minute, and/or with the ability to simulate insufflations, pausing for 10 seconds to perform 2 insufflations within that time range. In another embodiment of the invention, said modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device to simulate people of different ages and for other animal species may or may not contain the guidelines of the American Heart Association AHA, only simulating cardiac massage with the capacity for elastic deformation at the moment of compression with a force equivalent to 0.01 to 1100 N with a frequency of 90 to 140 beats per minute, and/or with the capacity to simulate insufflations, making pauses of 15 seconds to perform 5 insufflations within that time range.

In order to better understand the characteristics of the invention, the present description is accompanied, as an integral part of the same, by the drawings with a non-limiting illustrative character, which are described below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figure 1 illustrates an isometric view of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention.

Figure 2 illustrates an exploded view of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and others. animal species, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention, where you can see the interchangeable compression module that will be mounted on the casing, which in turn will be mounted on the base to house and protect the processing, logic control and notification module listening to the user.

Figure 3 shows a block diagram of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and of other animal species, in accordance with another of the preferred embodiments of the invention.

Figure 4 shows a block diagram of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and of other animal species, in accordance with another of the preferred embodiments of the invention. Figure 5 illustrates a rear view of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention. Figure 6 illustrates a bottom view of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and others. animal species, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention.

Figure 7 illustrates the method flowchart for cardiopulmonary resuscitation training with auditory feedback during compression training using the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention.

Figure 8 illustrates the flow diagram of the method for manufacturing an interchangeable compression module, of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and of other animal species, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention. .

For a better understanding of the invention, a detailed description will be made of some of its modalities, shown in the drawings that are attached to this description for illustrative but not limiting purposes.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The characteristic details of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and of other animal species, which notifies audibly when compressions must be generated, is clearly shown in the following description and in the attached illustrative drawings, serving as reference signs to indicate the same parts.

Referring to figures 1, 2, 5 and 6, the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates chest characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species comprises an interchangeable compression module (1) made up of materials that allow compression simulating the characteristics and mechanical properties of resistance exerted by the chest of a person, depending on their age, or the animal species to be simulated, based on high and low density polymers that can be, but are not limited to polyurethane, polystyrene, polyethylene, among others; which in this case is heart-shaped; but it can have other shapes such as the shape of the thorax, a rectangular, quadrangular, circular, polygonal shape or any other shape, which offers a large surface to be able to exert compressions with both hands of a user, which is configured to be mounted detachably between in a casing (2) that houses and protects on a base (3) a processing, logic control and auditory notification module (4, see figure 2) at the moment of generating the user's compressions on said interchangeable compression module (1 ) for the practice of pulmonary resuscitation, in the predetermined rhythm, time and frequency based on the characteristics and properties mechanical resistance presets in said interchangeable compression module (1) that is configured based on the characteristics and mechanical resistance properties of the thorax that is simulated, either of a person at different ages or of another animal species, which may be; but not limited to primates, canines and felines.

Said base (3) that houses and protects said processing, logic control and auditory notification module (4, see Figure 2) is mainly made up of rigid plastics such as PLA, PETG, ABS, among others; however, they can be other materials such as, but not limited to: wood, plastic, alloys, composite and/or any of these combinations, distributing the load uniformly towards it, in such a way that it allows other compression modules to be easily exchanged interchangeable (1) depending on the case of training.

In this mode illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, said base (3) comprises perforations (5) distributed close to its perimeter edge configured to receive joining means (5a, see Figure 6), which can be, but are not limited to, screws. , dicks, plastic fasteners, among others to fix said casing (2). Said casing (2) that shelters said processing, logic control and auditory notification module (4), is fixed to the base (3) with a joining means that is selected from; but without be limited to, an adhesive, screws, pegs, plastic fasteners, among others. Said casing (2) comprises holes (6) on one side where a switch (7, see figure 1) and an operation indicator LED (not shown) of the processing, logic control and auditory notification module (4 ); the base also has protruding elements (8) that help hold said components of the processing, logic control and auditory notification module (4). In this mode, said interchangeable compression module (1) also comprises a lateral outlet (9) coinciding with the outlets (6) of the casing (2) where it is mounted. Said interchangeable compression module (1) completely embraces and covers the casing (2) in its coupling, distributing the force load in such a way that it can be easily exchanged between other modules depending on the training case. Said interchangeable compression module (1) can be, but is not limited to: mechanical simulator of the thorax of an adult person, mechanical simulator of the thorax of a neonate, mechanical simulator of the thorax of an obese adult person, mechanical simulator of the thorax of a canine, mechanical simulator of the thorax of a feline, among others, which is composed mainly of materials that allow compression by simulating the mechanical properties of resistance exerted by the thorax of the living being depending on the case of training, based on polymers that can be, but are not limited to polyurethane, polystyrene, polyethylene, among others.

According to figure 3, said processing, logic control and auditory notification module (4) to the user (u) comprises a PWM-type frequency signal generator (10) that can be, but is not limited to, a microcontroller, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a logic gate, a resonator, among others; which creates an oscillation frequency range with which through a sound-emitting component (11) that can be, but is not limited to: a horn, buzzer, or others, sound waves are emitted that serve as feedback for the user (u); said processing, logic control and auditory notification module (4) to the user (u) also comprises components for programming (12) where a frequency algorithm (13) is defined with which the PWM type frequency signal generator is configured (11) and a general purpose input/output GPIO (English General Purpose Input/Output) (14) as a means of control and feedback between the user (u) and said processing, logic control and auditory notification module (4 ) through a device operation indicator (15), which can be but is not limited to an LED indicator, sound indicator or others; and where a power source (16, see also figure 2) feeds both said processing, logic control and auditory notification module (4) said sound emitting component (11) and said general purpose input/output GPIO (of English General Purpose I nput/Output) (14) as a means of control by the user (u); said power source (16) preferably with a voltage range of 3V. at 9V. and a current between 0.1 A . at 0.5A., is defined by, but not limited to: batteries, diodes, rectifiers, resistors, linear or non-linear voltage regulators, among other components.

An ignition mechanism can also be seen, such as a switch (7, see also figure 1) of the device, which can be but is not limited to: switch, button, among others, as well as the interchangeable compression module (1).

According to figure 4, said processing, logic control and auditory notification module (4) can include a feedback mechanism by mechanical means (17) that can be, but are not limited to, a button and a wired communication and/or wireless (18) for the extraction of the training parameters which can be: time, delay, compression efficiency.

Referring to figure 7, the method for cardiopulmonary resuscitation training with auditory feedback during compression training using the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention, consists of the steps of: a) Incorporating and fixing an interchangeable compression module (1, see figures 1 and 2) on the base (3, see figures 1 and 2) selected based on the pulmonary resuscitation practice to be performed depending on the type of chest to be simulated; b) Position the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device on a base or flat surface; c) Turn on the device, d) Determine if the device has turned on, if it does not turn on repeat step "c" and if it has turned on then e) Execute the compressions to the interchangeable compression module (1, see figures 1 and 2 ) with both hands of the user; f) Follow the rhythm and frequency of compressions based on the frequency and rhythm of the sound emitted and established by said processing, logical control and auditory notification module (4); allowing said interchangeable compression module (1, see figures 1 and 2) to recover its shape between each compression and g) Finish the exercise.

According to figure 8, it shows the method for manufacturing an interchangeable compression module of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention, wherein said method for manufacturing an interchangeable compression module requires a formulation based on styrene, ethylene or urethane monomers creating high and/or low density polymers through processes such as free radical polymerization, anionic polymerization, cationic polymerization or by coordination polymerization of ions, among others; mainly given, but not limited to low number polyols of hydroxyl (OH) combined with isocyanates with a low content of functional groups (NCO), together with special propellants, which is stoichiometrically designed to achieve a fast-curing material (foamed or not) with a density between 1 and 160 kg/ m ³ . Its manufacturing process requires a mold, which can be made, but is not limited to, from resins, silicones, rubbers, metals such as aluminum, stainless steel or other rigid material and said process is comprised of:

Said method for manufacturing an interchangeable compression module of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species comprises the steps of: i) cleaning the inside of a mold; ii) Mix 70 to 120 parts of polyol with 1 to 3% with respect to the total mixture of pigments selected from metallic, non-metallic, organic or inorganic pigments to generate a mixture "A"; ii) Stir the mixture "A "with 15 to 35 parts of isocyanate with respect to the polyol, for a time range of between 10 to 100 seconds and between 2000 to 2500 RPM, in a container to generate a mixture "B"; iv) Pour mix “B” into the mold and wait between 10 to 25 minutes v) Remove the interchangeable compression module from the mold.

In one of the modalities of the method to manufacture an interchangeable compression module of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and of other animal species, in the initial stage i) It is mixed between 85 to 115 parts of Polyol with 1 to 3% with respect to the total mixture of pigments selected from metallic, non-metallic, organic or inorganic pigments, to generate the mixture "mixture A'; and in the step of item iii) "mixture A" is stirred with 18 to 30 parts of Isocyanate with respect to the polyol, in the same time range and in the same RPM range to obtain "mixture B".

In one of the modalities of the method to manufacture an interchangeable compression module of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and of other animal species, in the initial stage ii) It is mixed between 90 to 120 parts of Polyol with 1 to 3% with respect to the total mixture of pigments selected from metallic, non-metallic, organic or inorganic pigments, to generate the mixture "mixture A"; and in the step of item iii) "mixture A" is mixed with 25 to 35 parts of Isocyanate with respect to the polyol, in the same time range and in the same RPM range to obtain "mixture B".

In one of the modalities of the method to manufacture an interchangeable compression module of the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and of other animal species, in the initial stage ii) It is mixed between 70 to 100 parts of Polyol with 1 to 3% with respect to the total mixture, of pigments selected from metallic, non-metallic, organic or inorganic pigments, to generate the mixture "mixture A"; and in the step of subsection iii) "mixture A" is stirred with 15 to 25 parts of Isocyanate with respect to the polyol, in the same time range and in the same RPM range to obtain “mix B”.

The manufacturing process of a modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species consists of the steps of: a) Manufacturing at least one or a plurality of interchangeable compression modules by molding, with different densities and mechanical properties that will simulate the characteristics and mechanical properties of the thorax of a person or another animal species depending on the needs of the training to be carried out; b) Manufacture the base and the casing; c) Assembling said processing, logic control and auditory notification module; d) Fix the processing module, logical control and auditory notification on the base; e) Fix the casing on the base, covering the processing, logic control and auditory notification module, and f) Attach the interchangeable compression module on the casing, which will be preselected based on the density and mechanical properties that will simulate the characteristics and mechanical properties of a thorax either of a person according to their age or of another animal species, depending on the training to be executed.

The invention has been sufficiently described so that a person of ordinary skill in the art could reproduce and obtain the results mentioned in the present invention.

Claims

CLAIMS Having sufficiently described the invention, it is considered a novelty and therefore what is expressed and contained in the following claim clauses is claimed as property.

1.- A modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, characterized by comprising an interchangeable compression module designed to receive compressions with at least one hand of a user, whose properties resistance mechanical properties emulate the mechanical resistance properties offered by a person's thorax based on their age or the thorax of another animal species, configured to be mounted interchangeably in a casing that houses and protects a processing module on a base, logic control and auditory notification with a preconfigured rhythm, time and frequency of sound based on the mechanical properties of resistance provided to said interchangeable compression module that are based on the type of chest to be emulated, to repeat chest compressions by a user for the practice of pulmonary resuscitation.

2. The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claim 1, characterized in that said compression module interchangeable is made of a selected material of polyurethane, polystyrene, polyethylene, or mixtures thereof, with the capacity of elastic deformation at the moment of compression with an equivalent force of between 0.01 to 1100 Newton.

3. The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claim 1, characterized in that said interchangeable compression module is made with a formulation based on styrene monomers , ethylene or urethane creating high and/or low density polymers through processes such as free radical polymerization, anionic polymerization, cationic polymerization or ion coordination polymerization, among others; mainly given, but not limited to low hydroxyl number (OH) polyols combined with low functional group (NCO) isocyanates, bound to special propellants, which is stoichiometrically designed to achieve a fast curing foamed or non-foamed material .

4. The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said interchangeable compression module is sized based on the mechanical properties of resistance exerted by a thorax to emulate that can be human or other animal species and includes a predetermined shape with an upper surface such that it allows compressions to be executed with both hands of a user and with memory to return to its original shape and that allows it to be releasably attached on top of the base that houses and protects said processing module, logic control and audible notification.

5. The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said interchangeable compression module has a density between 1 and 160 kg /m ³ .

6. The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said interchangeable compression module is configured as a mechanical simulator of the thorax of an adult person, a mechanical simulator of the thorax of a neonate, a mechanical simulator of the thorax of an obese adult person, a mechanical simulator of the thorax of a canine and a mechanical simulator of the thorax of a feline.

7. The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claim 1, characterized in that said base that houses and protects said processing, logic control and auditory notification module, it is mainly made up of a material selected from rigid plastics such as PLA, PETG, ABS, wood, plastic, metal, alloys, composite materials or combinations thereof.

8. The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claims 1 and 7, characterized in that said casing is fixed to said base where said module is mounted. processing, logic control and auditory notification, through connection elements that can be, but are not limited to screws, bolts, plastic fasteners, adhesives, thermal or ultrasonic bonding methods.

9. The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claim 1, characterized in that said module for processing, logical control and auditory notification to the user is composed by a PWM-type frequency signal generator, which creates an oscillation frequency range with which sound waves are emitted through a sound-emitting component that serve as feedback for the user; further comprising components for programming where a frequency algorithm is defined with which the generator is configured PWM type frequency signal and a general purpose input/output GPIO as a means of control and/or feedback; and wherein a power source powers said audio processing, logic control and notification module, said sound emitting component and said general purpose input/output GPIO; as well as a power mechanism and a component that indicates to the user when the device is turned on.

10.- The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, in accordance with indication 9, characterized in that said power source offers a voltage range of 3 V. at 9V. and a current between 0.1 A. to 0.5A.

11.- The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claims 9 and 10, characterized in that said power source is composed of batteries, diodes, rectifiers, resistors, linear or nonlinear voltage regulators.

12.- The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to the claim 9, characterized in that said PWM type frequency signal generator is selected from a microcontroller, a field programmable logic gate array, a logic gate or a resonator.

13. The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claim 9, characterized in that said sound-emitting component is selected from a horn or a buzzer.

14. The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claim 9, characterized in that said component that indicates to the user when the device is on is selected from a LED indicator or sound indicator.

15. The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claim 9, characterized in that said animal species is selected from a primate, canine or feline.

16.- The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to the claims 1 and 9, characterized in that said processing, logic control and auditory notification module to the user includes feedback means for extracting training parameters such as time, delay, compression efficiency, and where said feedback means can be mechanical means such as a button and a wired or wireless communication for the extraction of said training parameters.

17.- The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains the guidelines of the American Heart Association, to simulate the cardiac massage with the capacity for elastic deformation at the moment of compression with a force equivalent to 0.01 to 1100 N and a frequency of 90 to 140 beats per minute, and/or with the capacity to simulate insufflations, making pauses of 10 seconds for of that time range perform 2 insufflations.

18.- The modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it notifies auditorily by means of a sound when perform the compression at a suitable frequency between 0.5 Hz to 15 Hz.

19. A method for cardiopulmonary resuscitation training with auditory feedback during compression training using the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, in accordance with claims 1 to 18, characterized by comprising the steps of: a) Incorporating and fixing an interchangeable compression module on a base, said module being selected according to the practice of pulmonary resuscitation to be executed based on the type of chest to be simulated; b) Position the modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device to simulate people of different ages or for other animal species on a base or flat surface; c) Turn on the device, d) Determine if the device has turned on, if it does not turn on, distribute the step of item "c" and if it has turned on then e) Execute the compressions to the interchangeable compression module with both hands of the user; f) Follow the rhythm and frequency of compressions based on the frequency and rhythm of the sound emitted and established by said processing, logic control and auditory notification module; allowing said interchangeable compression module to recover its shape between each compression and g) Terminate the exercise.

20.- A manufacturing process of a modular device of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, as claimed in claims 1 to 18, characterized in that it consists of the steps of: a) Manufacturing at least one or a plurality of interchangeable compression modules by molding, with different densities and mechanical properties that will simulate the characteristics and mechanical properties of a person's thorax or another animal species depending on the needs of the training to be executed; b) Manufacture the base and the casing c) Assemble said processing, logic control and auditory notification module; d) Fix the processing module, logical control and auditory notification on the base; e) Fix the casing on the base covering the processing, logic control and auditory notification module, and f) Attach the interchangeable compression module on the casing, which will be preselected based on the density and mechanical properties that will simulate the characteristics and mechanical properties of a thorax either of a person according to their age or of another animal species, depending on the training to be executed.

21.- A method for manufacturing an Interchangeable compression module of a modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species as claimed in claims 1 to 18, characterized by comprising the steps of: i) I clean the inside of a mold; ii) Mix I ar from 70 to 120 parts of polyol with 1 to 3% with respect to the total mixture of pigments selected from metallic, non-metallic, organic or inorganic pigments to generate a mixture "A"; III) Stir the mixture "A" with 15 to 35 parts of isocyanate with respect to the polyol, for a time range of between 10 to 100 seconds and between 2000 to 2500 RPM, in a container to generate a mixture "B"; iv) Pour mix "B” into the mold and wait between 10 to 25 minutes v) Remove the interchangeable compression module from the mold.

22.- The method for manufacturing an interchangeable compression module of a modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claim 21, characterized in that in the initial stage ii) Mix between 85 to 115 parts of Polyol with 1 to 3% with respect to the total mixture of pigments selected from metallic, non-metallic, organic or inorganic pigments, to generate the mixture "mixture A"; and in the step of item iii) "mixture A" is mixed with 18 to 30 parts of Isocyanate with respect to the polyol, in the same time range and in the same RPM range to obtain "mixture B".

23.- The method to manufacture a compression module interchangeable device of a modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species, according to claim 21, characterized in that at the start stage ii) between 90 to 120 parts of Polyol is mixed with 1 to 3% with respect to the total mixture of pigments selected from metallic, non-metallic, organic or inorganic pigments, to generate the mixture "mixture A"; and in the step of item iii) "mixture A" is stirred with 25 to 35 parts of Isocyanate with respect to the polyol, in the same time range and in the same RPM range to obtain "mixture B".

24.- The method for manufacturing an interchangeable compression module of a modular cardiopulmonary resuscitation training device that simulates thoracic characteristics of people of different ages and other animal species according to claim 21, characterized in that in the start stage ii ) Mix between 70 to 100 parts of Polyol with 1 to 3% with respect to the total mixture, of pigments selected from metallic, non-metallic, organic or inorganic pigments, to generate the mixture "mixture A"; and in the step of item iii) "mixture A' is stirred with 15 to 25 parts of Isocyanate with respect to the polyol, in the same time range and in the same RPM range to obtain "mixture B".