WO2022190790A1 - 電源制御装置 - Google Patents
電源制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022190790A1 WO2022190790A1 PCT/JP2022/006043 JP2022006043W WO2022190790A1 WO 2022190790 A1 WO2022190790 A1 WO 2022190790A1 JP 2022006043 W JP2022006043 W JP 2022006043W WO 2022190790 A1 WO2022190790 A1 WO 2022190790A1
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- control
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 40
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N (3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1C=CC(C(O)=O)=C[C@H]1O HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a power control device.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an electronically controlled brake power supply system for a vehicle.
- the backup power supply includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor.
- the first capacitor is charged by the alternator when the vehicle's ignition switch is turned on.
- the second capacitor is connected in parallel with the first capacitor and receives a portion of the charge stored in the first capacitor to be charged when the ignition switch of the vehicle is turned off.
- the power supply system installed in the vehicle performs a backup operation using power from a power storage unit that is different from the power supply unit (main battery, etc.) when the power supply unit (main battery, etc.) stops supplying power to the load.
- the voltage conversion unit converts the voltage input from the power storage unit side into a desired voltage, outputs the desired voltage, and supplies power to the load.
- the output voltage of the voltage conversion unit may drop temporarily.
- the present disclosure provides a technique capable of suppressing voltage drop in the predetermined path even when the current to the load increases significantly during backup operation in which power is supplied from the voltage conversion unit to the load via the predetermined path. offer.
- a power supply control device which is one of the present disclosure, A power supply unit, a power storage unit, a first power path that is a route for supplying power based on the power supply unit to a load, and a second power path that is a route for supplying power based on the power storage unit to the load.
- a power supply control device used in a power supply system comprising a first conducting path that is a path through which power based on the power supply is transmitted; a second conductive path that is a path for transmitting power to the second power path and is interposed between the second power path and the first conductive path; a third conductive path electrically connected to the power storage unit; a voltage conversion unit that performs voltage conversion between the second conductive path and the third conductive path; a switch provided between the first conductive path and the second conductive path, the switch switching between an ON state that allows current to flow from the first conductive path to the second conductive path and an OFF state that cuts off the current; A step-down circuit for stepping down the voltage applied to the third conducting path and outputting the step-down voltage, when the voltage applied to the second conducting path drops to a predetermined value below the output voltage of the step-down circuit a step-down unit that causes a current based on the output voltage of the step-down circuit to flow through the second conduction path;
- the technology according to the present disclosure suppresses the voltage drop in the predetermined path even when the current to the load greatly increases during the backup operation of supplying power from the voltage conversion unit to the load via the predetermined path. obtain.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram schematically showing an example of an in-vehicle system including a power supply control device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram specifically exemplifying the step-down unit and the like in the power supply control device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating control (first control) when the power supply control device of the first embodiment charges the power storage unit in the in-vehicle system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating control (second control) when the power supply control device of the first embodiment prepares for backup in the in-vehicle system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 5 shows that, in the in-vehicle system of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of non-supply
- FIG. 6 shows that in the in-vehicle system of FIG. 1, when a power failure occurs during the second control, current flows from the second power path to the common conductive path, and current flows from the step-down unit to the second power path. It is an explanatory view explaining an example.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating control (third control) when the power supply control device of the first embodiment prepares for backup in the in-vehicle system of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 8 shows that in the in-vehicle system of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of non-supply;
- FIG. 9 shows that in the in-vehicle system of FIG. 1, when a power failure occurs during the third control, current flows from the second power path to the common conducting path and current flows from the step-down unit to the second conducting path. It is an explanatory view explaining an example.
- a power supply unit a power storage unit, a first power path that is a path for supplying power based on the power supply unit to a load, and a second power path that is a path for supplying power based on the power storage unit to the load and a power supply control device used in a power supply system comprising a first conducting path that is a path through which power based on the power supply is transmitted; a second conductive path that is a path for transmitting power to the second power path and is interposed between the second power path and the first conductive path; a third conductive path electrically connected to the power storage unit; a voltage conversion unit that performs voltage conversion between the second conductive path and the third conductive path; a switch provided between the first conductive path and the second conductive path, the switch switching between an ON state that allows current to flow from the first conductive path to the second conductive path and an OFF state that cuts off the current; A step-down circuit for stepping down the voltage applied to the third conducting path and outputting the step-down voltage,
- the step-down By stopping the energization from the portion to the second conductive path, the advantage of the voltage conversion portion can be utilized.
- the step-down unit A voltage drop in the second conductive path can be suppressed by causing a current to flow through the conductive path.
- a capacitor is arranged instead of the step-down unit in the above power control device, and when the current to the load suddenly increases, the capacitor discharges to the load.
- a configuration that suppresses voltage drop is also conceivable.
- the larger the required current the larger the capacitor must be, which tends to increase the size and cost of the device.
- the power supply control device of [1] is easy to realize a configuration capable of suppressing a drop in the output voltage of the voltage conversion section while suppressing an increase in the size of the device.
- the step-down circuit is a low dropout regulator.
- the power supply control device of [2] above has a structure capable of suppressing a voltage drop by rapidly flowing a current through the second conducting path when the voltage of the second conducting path suddenly drops to the extent that it reaches a predetermined value. It can be realized with the configuration of Moreover, even in situations where the feedback of the voltage converter cannot respond appropriately, the output from the low-dropout regulator tends to stabilize the voltage of the second conducting path.
- the step-down unit has a diode, the voltage output by the step-down circuit is applied to the anode of the diode, and the cathode of the diode is It is electrically connected to the second conductive path.
- the power control device has the following features.
- a control unit for controlling the switch and the voltage conversion unit is provided.
- the control unit performs first control and second control.
- the first control is a first conversion operation in which the voltage conversion unit reduces or boosts the voltage applied to the second conducting path while turning on the switch, and applies the output voltage to the third conducting path. It is a control that causes the In the second control, the voltage applied to the third conducting path is lowered or raised to the voltage conversion section while the switch is turned off to apply an output voltage of a target value to the second conducting path. 2
- the target value is a value higher than the predetermined value.
- the step-down circuit outputs a voltage lower than the target value.
- the power supply control device of [4] above causes the voltage conversion unit to perform the first conversion operation by the first control to charge the power storage unit, and causes the voltage conversion unit to perform the second conversion operation by the second control. , the electric storage unit can be discharged.
- the power supply control device can easily maintain the second conduction path and the second power path near the target value, and can be put into standby or to the load while outputting a voltage near the target value. Power can be supplied.
- the step-down unit A current can be quickly passed through the two conductive paths, and a further voltage drop can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 shows an in-vehicle system 2 .
- the in-vehicle system 2 of FIG. 1 mainly includes an in-vehicle power supply system 3 and a load 101 .
- the in-vehicle power supply system 3 is also referred to as the power supply system 3 in the following description.
- the in-vehicle system 2 is a system that supplies power to the load 101 by the power supply system 3 to operate the load 101 .
- the load 101 is illustrated as an example of the vehicle-mounted load, but the vehicle-mounted system 2 may be provided with loads other than this.
- the load 101 is an electrical component mounted on the vehicle.
- the load 101 operates by receiving power supplied through the common power path 80 .
- the type of load 101 is not limited.
- As the load 101 various known in-vehicle parts can be adopted.
- the load 101 may have multiple electrical components or may be a single electrical component.
- the power supply system 3 is a system that supplies power to the load 101 .
- the power supply system 3 supplies power to the load 101 using the power supply unit 91 or the power storage unit 12 as a power supply source.
- the power supply system 3 can supply power from the power supply unit 91 to the load 101, and can supply power from the power storage unit 12 to the load 101 when the power supply from the power supply unit 91 is interrupted due to a failure or the like. can.
- the power supply system 3 includes a power supply section 91 , a power storage section 12 , a power control device 10 , a first power path 81 , a second power path 82 , and a selection section 70 .
- the power supply unit 91 is an in-vehicle power supply capable of supplying power to the load 101 .
- the power supply unit 91 is configured as, for example, a known in-vehicle battery such as a lead battery.
- the power supply unit 91 may be configured by a battery other than a lead battery, or may have power supply means other than the battery instead of or in addition to the battery.
- the positive electrode of the power supply unit 91 is electrically connected to the first power path 81 in a configuration short-circuited to the first power path 81 .
- the negative terminal of power supply section 91 is electrically connected to ground in a shorted configuration to ground.
- the power supply unit 91 applies a constant DC voltage to the first power path 81 .
- the voltage applied to the first power path 81 by the power supply unit 91 may slightly vary from the constant value.
- the power storage unit 12 is a power supply that serves as a power supply source at least when the power supply from the power supply unit 91 is interrupted.
- the power storage unit 12 is configured by a known power storage means such as an electric double layer capacitor (EDLC), for example.
- EDLC electric double layer capacitor
- the power storage unit 12 may be configured by a capacitor other than the electric double layer capacitor, and may be provided with other power storage means (battery, etc.) instead of or in addition to the capacitor.
- the positive electrode of power storage unit 12 is electrically connected to third conductive path 43 in a configuration short-circuited to third conductive path 43 .
- the negative electrode of storage unit 12 is electrically connected to ground in a short-circuited configuration.
- the output voltage of power storage unit 12 (the voltage applied to third conductive path 43 by power storage unit 12) is higher than the output voltage of power supply unit 91 (the voltage applied to first power path 81 by power supply unit 91). can be as small as possible. In the representative example described below, the output voltage of power storage unit 12 when fully charged is higher than the output voltage of power supply unit 91 when fully charged.
- the voltage is the voltage relative to the ground potential (for example, 0 V) and the potential difference from the ground potential.
- the voltage applied to the first power path 81 is the potential difference between the potential of the first power path 81 and the ground potential.
- the voltage applied to the third conductive path 43 is the potential difference between the potential of the third conductive path 43 and the ground potential.
- the first power path 81 is a path through which power based on the power supply unit 91 is transmitted, and a path through which the power based on the power supply unit 91 is supplied to the load 101 .
- the same or substantially the same voltage as the output voltage of the power supply section 91 is applied to the first power path 81 .
- One end of the first power path 81 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply unit 91 in a short circuit configuration.
- the other end of first power path 81 is electrically connected to the anode of diode 71 .
- the first power path 81 is electrically connected to the first conductive path 41 in a configuration short-circuited to the first conductive path 41 .
- a relay or a fuse may be provided in the first power path 81 .
- the second power path 82 is a path through which power based on the power storage unit 12 is transmitted.
- the second power path 82 functions as a path for supplying power based on the power storage unit 12 to the load 101 in the event of a power failure.
- One end of the second power path 82 is electrically connected to the other end of the second switch 52 and the other end of the second power path 82 is electrically connected to the anode of the diode 72 .
- the selection unit 70 is a circuit that selects whether the power to be supplied to the load 101 is based on the power supply unit 91 or the power based on the power storage unit 12 .
- the selector 70 includes diodes 71 and 72 .
- the anode of diode 71 is electrically connected to first power path 81 .
- a voltage based on the power supply unit 91 is applied to the anode of the diode 71 .
- the potential of the anode of the diode 71 is the same as that of the first power path 81, and the anode of the diode 71 and the positive electrode of the power supply section 91 are short-circuited.
- the anode of diode 72 is electrically connected to second power path 82 .
- the potential of the anode of the diode 72 is the same as the potential of the second power path 82 .
- Both cathodes of diodes 71 and 72 are electrically connected to common power path 80 and both cathodes are at the same potential as common power path 80 .
- Common power path 80 is a conductive path electrically connected to load 101 .
- the selection unit 70 causes current to flow from the first power path 81 to the common power path 80 and from the second power path 82 to the common power path 80 .
- the selector 70 causes current to flow from the second power path 82 to the common power path 80 , and from the first power path 81 to the common power path 80 .
- Power supply control device 10 is a backup device capable of outputting power based on power storage unit 12 .
- the power supply control device 10 includes a first conducting path 41, a second conducting path 42, a third conducting path 43, a first switch 51, a second switch 52, a voltage conversion section 30, a supplementary charging section 60, a step-down section 31, and a voltage detection. It includes a unit 14, a control unit 16, a power storage unit 12, and the like.
- the first conductive path 41 is a path through which power based on the power supply section 91 is transmitted. A voltage that is the same as or substantially the same as the output voltage of the power supply section 91 is applied to the first conducting path 41 . One end of the first conductive path 41 is electrically connected to the first power path 81 . The potential of the first conductive path 41 is, for example, the same potential as part or all of the first power path 81 . The other end of the first conductive path 41 is electrically connected to one end of the first switch 51 .
- the second conductive path 42 is a conductive path interposed between the second power path 82 and the first conductive path 41 and is also a conductive path interposed between the first conductive path 41 and the voltage conversion section 30 .
- the second conductive path 42 is a path that transmits power to the second power path 82 .
- the third conductive path 43 is a conductive path that is electrically connected to the power storage section 12 and is also a conductive path that is electrically connected to one end of the voltage conversion section 30 .
- the output voltage of the power storage unit 12 is applied to the third conducting path 43 .
- the first switch 51 is a switch provided between the first conductive path 41 and the second conductive path 42 .
- the first switch 51 corresponds to an example of a switch.
- the first switch 51 switches between an ON state that allows current to flow from the first conductive path 41 to the second conductive path 42 and an OFF state that cuts off the current.
- bidirectional conduction is allowed between the first conducting path 41 and the second conducting path 42 .
- energization is interrupted in both directions between the first conducting path 41 and the second conducting path 42 .
- the second switch 52 is a switch provided between the second conducting path 42 and the second power path 82 .
- the second switch 52 switches between an on state that allows current to flow from the second conductive path 42 to the second power path 82 and an off state that cuts off the current. For example, when the second switch 52 is in the ON state, bidirectional energization is permitted between the second conducting path 42 and the second power path 82 . When the second switch 52 is in the OFF state, energization is interrupted in both directions between the second conducting path 42 and the second power path 82 .
- the voltage converter 30 is a device that converts voltage between the second conductive path 42 and the third conductive path 43 .
- the voltage conversion unit 30 is configured by a known voltage conversion circuit such as a DCDC converter, for example.
- the voltage conversion unit 30 can perform a first conversion operation of stepping down or boosting the DC voltage applied to the second conducting path 42 and applying the output voltage to the third conducting path 43 .
- voltage conversion section 30 performs the first conversion operation when first switch 51 is in the ON state, so that charging current based on power from power supply section 91 is supplied to power storage section 12 .
- the voltage conversion unit 30 can perform a second conversion operation of stepping down or boosting the DC voltage applied to the third conducting path 43 and applying the output voltage to the second conducting path 42 .
- the voltage conversion unit 30 performs the second conversion operation so that the DC voltage based on the power from the power storage unit 12 is changed to the It is applied to the second conductive path 42 and the second power path 82 .
- the operation of voltage conversion section 30 is controlled by control section 16 .
- the supplementary charging section 60 is a device that charges the power storage section 12 through a route different from the route via the voltage converting section 30 .
- the supplementary charging section 60 includes a third switch 64 and a supplementary charging circuit 62 .
- the supplementary charging unit 60 supplies power to the power storage unit 12 via a path different from the voltage converting unit 30 based on the power supplied via the first conductive path 41, and the supply state of this path (voltage converting unit 30) to stop supplying power to power storage unit 12.
- the “path different from the voltage conversion section 30 ” is a path that passes through the third switch 64 and the auxiliary charging circuit 62 and does not pass through the first switch 51 and the voltage conversion section 30 .
- the third switch 64 switches between the conductive state and the cut-off state between the first conducting path 41 and the supplementary charging circuit 62 .
- the third switch 64 When the third switch 64 is in the ON state, power is supplied from the power supply section 91 to the auxiliary charging circuit 62 via the first conducting path 41 and the third switch 64 .
- the third switch 64 When the third switch 64 is in the OFF state, the energization through the third switch 64 is interrupted in both directions, and no current flows from the first conducting path 41 to the auxiliary charging circuit 62 .
- the supplementary charging circuit 62 is a circuit capable of supplying charging current to the power storage unit 12 when the third switch 64 is in the ON state.
- the supplemental charging circuit 62 may be a low dropout regulator (LDO), a DCDC converter, or other charging circuit.
- LDO low dropout regulator
- DCDC converter DCDC converter
- various methods such as a constant voltage charging method, a constant current charging method, a constant voltage constant current charging method, etc. can be adopted.
- the control unit 16 is an information processing device having an information processing function, an arithmetic function, a control function, and the like.
- the control unit 16 can perform control for causing the voltage conversion unit 30 to perform the first conversion operation and control for causing the voltage conversion unit 30 to perform the second conversion operation.
- the control unit 16 controls on/off of the first switch 51 , the second switch 52 and the third switch 64 .
- the control unit 16 performs first control, second control, and third control, which will be described later.
- the voltage detection unit 14 is a circuit that outputs an analog voltage value that can identify the value of the voltage applied to the first conducting path 41 .
- the voltage detection unit 14 may be a circuit that inputs the same voltage value as the voltage applied to the first conductive path 41 to the control unit 16 , and the voltage value applied to the first conductive path 41 A circuit that inputs a proportional value to the control unit 16 may be used.
- the voltage detection unit 14 is a voltage dividing circuit, and the value obtained by dividing the value of the voltage applied to the first conductive path 41 by the voltage dividing circuit is sent to the control unit 16 as a detection value. is entered.
- the control unit 16 identifies the value of the voltage applied to the first conductive path 41 based on the detection value (analog voltage value) input from the voltage detection unit 14 .
- each of the first switch 51, the second switch 52, and the third switch 64 may be a semiconductor switch such as an FET, or may be a mechanical relay.
- the step-down unit 31 When the value V2 of the voltage applied to the second conductive path 42 decreases to a predetermined value equal to or lower than the value Vb of the output voltage of the voltage step-down circuit 32, the voltage step-down unit 31 reduces the current based on the output voltage of the voltage step-down circuit 32. to the second conducting path 42 .
- the step-down unit 31 includes a step-down circuit 32 and a diode 34 .
- Vb-Vf which is the value obtained by subtracting the forward voltage value Vf of the diode 34 from the output voltage value Vb of the step-down circuit 32, corresponds to an example of the predetermined value.
- the step-down circuit 32 is a circuit that takes the voltage applied to the third conduction path 43 as an input voltage, steps down the input voltage, and outputs a predetermined voltage.
- the step-down circuit 32 is, for example, a low dropout regulator.
- the voltage value input to the step-down circuit 32 is represented by Va
- the voltage value output from the step-down circuit 32 is represented by Vb.
- the voltage value Va is the voltage value applied to the third conducting path 43 .
- the voltage value Vb is the voltage value applied to the anode of the diode 34 .
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the step-down circuit 32 that is a low dropout regulator.
- the step-down circuit 32 can perform a step-down operation without being controlled by the control section 16 .
- the voltage output by the step-down circuit 32 is applied to the anode of the diode 34 and the cathode of the diode is electrically connected to the second conducting path 42 .
- the output voltage value Vb of the step-down circuit 32 is maintained at a predetermined value, and the relationship between the voltage value V2 of the second conductive path 42 and the output voltage value Vb of the step-down circuit 32 is V2 ⁇ Vb and Vb ⁇
- V2 exceeds the forward voltage Vf of the diode 34, a current based on the power from the power storage unit 12 is passed through the second conductive path 42 via the diode 34.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram explaining the first control.
- the control unit 16 starts the first control when a predetermined first condition is satisfied.
- the above-mentioned "first condition” may be, for example, the condition that "the vehicle will be in a starting state” or other conditions.
- the control unit 16 determines that the first condition is established when the vehicle in which the in-vehicle system 2 is mounted is in a starting state (when a starting switch such as an ignition switch is in an ON state). Start controlling.
- the first control is control for charging the power storage unit 12 by the first charging method.
- the output voltage of the power storage unit 12 can vary from 0 V to a voltage higher than the output voltage of the power supply unit 91.
- the first switch 51 is turned on, and the voltage converter 30 boosts the voltage applied to the second conducting path 42 and applies it to the third conducting path 43 .
- the control unit 16 performs the first control so that not only the second switch 52 but also the third switch 64 are turned off.
- the control unit 16 sets a value that is higher than the charging voltage when the power storage unit 12 is fully charged and is higher than the charging voltage when the power supply unit 91 is fully charged as the first target value.
- a first control is performed so that the output voltage applied to is set to the first target value.
- the control unit 16 executes the first control until a condition for ending the first control is satisfied.
- the termination condition of the first control may be that the charging voltage of the power storage unit 12 reaches a predetermined value (for example, a second threshold value described later), or that a certain period of time has elapsed since the start of the first control. It may be that there is, or that other conditions have been established.
- the control unit 16 While the control unit 16 is performing the first control, the first switch 51 is maintained in the ON state as shown in FIG.
- the unit 30 performs the first conversion operation described above. With such an operation, a charging current based on the power from power supply unit 91 is supplied to power storage unit 12 as indicated by the thick arrow in FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 4 is a diagram explaining the second control.
- the control unit 16 starts the second control when a predetermined second condition is satisfied.
- the above-mentioned "second condition” may be, for example, the condition “that the first control has ended", the condition that "the third control has ended", or any other condition.
- the second control is control to stop charging of power storage unit 12 and discharge power storage unit 12 .
- the first switch 51 is turned off, the second switch 52 is turned on, the auxiliary charging section 60 is stopped, and the voltage is applied to the third conducting path 43 for the voltage converting section 30 .
- This control is to perform the operation of stepping down the applied voltage and applying it to the second conducting path 42 .
- FIG. 1 the example, the example of FIG.
- the control unit 16 performs the second control so that not only the first switch 51 but also the third switch 64 are turned off.
- the control unit 16 sets a second target value that is smaller than the charging voltage of the power storage unit 12 when fully charged and slightly smaller than the charging voltage of the power supply unit 91 when fully charged as the second target value.
- a second control is performed so that the output voltage applied to 42 is the second target value.
- the second target value is a value greater than Vb ⁇ Vf, which is the predetermined value described above, and is a value greater than the output voltage value Vb of the step-down circuit 32 .
- a 2nd target value is equivalent to an example of a "target value.”
- the control unit 16 While the control unit 16 is performing the second control, the first switch 51 and the third switch 64 are maintained in the OFF state while the second switch 52 is maintained in the ON state as shown in FIG.
- the unit 30 performs the second conversion operation described above. Due to such an operation, a voltage based on the power from power storage unit 12 is applied to second power path 82 via voltage conversion unit 30 as indicated by the thick arrow in FIG. 4 . While the voltage conversion unit 30 maintains the voltage value V2 of the second conducting path 42 at the second target value while the control unit 16 is performing the second control, V2>Vb ⁇ Vf holds, No current flows through diode 34 . Therefore, in this case, no current is output from the step-down unit 31 to the second conductive path 42 as shown in FIG.
- control unit 16 ends the second control when the condition for ending the second control is satisfied during the execution of the second control.
- the condition for ending the second control may be that the start switch of the vehicle in which the in-vehicle system 2 is mounted is turned off, or the condition for starting the third control (third condition) may be satisfied. Alternatively, other conditions may be used.
- the voltage value (second target value) applied to the second conductive path 42 by the voltage conversion unit 30 in accordance with the second control is higher than the voltage value applied to the first power path 81 by the power supply unit 91 when fully charged. A little small. For this reason, if the power supply unit 91 is in a fully charged state and in a normal state (a state in which power based on the power supply unit 91 can be properly supplied to the load 101, not a failure state), the first power Current is allowed to flow from path 81 to common power path 80 and current is not allowed to flow from second power path 82 to common power path 80 .
- FIG. 7 is a diagram explaining the third control.
- the control unit 16 starts the third control when a predetermined third condition is satisfied.
- the above-mentioned "third condition” may be, for example, "that the output voltage applied to the third conductive path 43 by the power storage unit 12 reaches a threshold value or less during execution of the second control", or other conditions. may be In the representative example described below, the third condition is that "while the second control is being executed, the output voltage applied by the power storage unit 12 to the third conduction path 43 reaches a threshold (first threshold) or less.”
- the threshold (first threshold) is a value greater than 0 and greater than the output voltage of power storage unit 12 when it is fully charged. This threshold (first threshold) may be a predetermined fixed value or a value that can be updated or changed.
- the first switch 51 is turned off, the second switch 52 is turned on, the auxiliary charging unit 60 is turned on (state of supplying charging current to the power storage unit 12), and the voltage conversion unit 30 is
- This is control for performing a conversion operation in which the voltage applied to the third conductive path 43 is stepped down and applied to the second conductive path 42 .
- the control unit 16 turns on the third switch 64, and supplies charging current to the power storage unit 12 based on the power from the power supply unit 91 (power supplied via the first conducting path 41).
- a third control is executed to cause the supplementary charging circuit 62 to perform the supply operation.
- control unit 16 terminates the third control when the termination condition of the third control is satisfied during the execution of the third control.
- the termination condition of the third control may be that the start switch of the vehicle in which the in-vehicle system 2 is mounted is turned off, or that the charging voltage of the power storage unit 12 reaches the second threshold.
- the second threshold in this case is a value larger than the threshold (first threshold).
- the second threshold value may be, for example, the charging voltage when power storage unit 12 is fully charged.
- the voltage value (second target value) applied by the voltage conversion unit 30 to the second conducting path 42 according to the third control is applied to the first power path 81 when the power supply unit 91 is fully charged. a little less than the value of the voltage applied. Therefore, if the power supply unit 91 is in a fully charged state and in a normal state (a state in which power based on the power supply unit 91 can be properly supplied to the load 101, not in a failure state), the first power Current is allowed to flow from path 81 to common power path 80 and current is not allowed to flow from second power path 82 to common power path 80 .
- the voltage applied to the first power path 81 becomes lower than the voltage applied to the second power path 82 for some reason while the third control is being performed, the As such, current immediately flows from the second power path 82 to the common power path 80 .
- the voltage applied to the end of the first power path 81 (the anode of the diode 71) is smaller than the voltage applied to the end of the second power path 82 (the anode of the diode 72)
- the current of the second power path 82 flows through the common power path 80 as shown in FIG.
- Example of Effect During the backup operation in which the voltage conversion unit 30 applies the output voltage to the second conducting path 42, the power supply control device 10 can perform , energization from the step-down unit 31 to the second conduction path 42 is stopped, and the advantage of the voltage conversion unit 30 can be utilized.
- the power supply control device 10 switches the voltage step-down unit 31 to the second conductive path. A voltage drop in the second conductive path 42 can be suppressed by causing the current to flow through the path 42 .
- the power supply control device 10 uses a low-dropout regulator as the step-down circuit 32, when the voltage of the second conducting path 42 suddenly drops, the current can be quickly applied to the second conducting path 42 to suppress the voltage drop.
- the configuration can be realized in a more compact configuration. Moreover, even if there is a sudden rise in current to a level at which the voltage converter 30 cannot maintain a stable output, the immediate output from the low-dropout regulator tends to stabilize the voltage on the second conductive path.
- the power supply control device 10 When the voltage of the second conductive path 42 drops to such an extent that the potential difference between the anode and cathode of the diode 34 exceeds the forward voltage of the diode 34, the power supply control device 10 immediately reduces the current based on the output of the step-down circuit 32. A second conductive path 42 can be supplied.
- the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the diode 34 is less than the forward voltage of the diode 34, or when the potential of the cathode is greater than the potential of the anode, current flow from the step-down unit 31 to the second conducting path 42 stops. Therefore, the advantage of the voltage conversion section 30 can be utilized. For example, if the voltage conversion unit 30 is more efficient than the step-down circuit 32, the power supply by the voltage conversion unit 30 makes it easier to improve the efficiency than when the step-down circuit 32 is used.
- the power supply control device 10 charges the power storage unit 12 by causing the voltage conversion unit 30 to perform the first conversion operation under the first control, and causes the voltage conversion unit 30 to perform the second conversion operation under the second control. Electric storage unit 12 can be discharged.
- the power supply control device 10 can easily maintain the second conduction path 42 and the second power path 82 near the target value, and wait or wait while outputting a voltage near the target value. Power can be supplied to the load.
- the second control if the current flowing through the second conductive path 42 and the second power path 82 rises sharply, and the voltage of the second conductive path 42 drops sharply to the extent that it reaches a predetermined value, the voltage is reduced. It is possible to quickly supply the current from the portion 31 to the second conducting path 42 and suppress a further voltage drop.
- the power control device 10 includes the power storage unit 12 , but the power storage unit 12 may be provided outside the power control device 10 . That is, power storage unit 12 does not have to be included in power supply control device 10 .
- the output voltage of power supply unit 91 when fully charged is lower than the output voltage of power storage unit 12 when fully charged.
- the output voltage during charging may be higher.
- the first control causes the voltage conversion unit 30 to step down the voltage applied to the second conductive path 42 and apply the voltage to the third conductive path 43 while turning the first switch 51 on. If it is In the second control, the first switch 51 is turned off, the second switch 52 is turned on, the auxiliary charging unit 60 is turned off (a state in which no current is supplied to the power storage unit 12), and the voltage conversion unit 30 is turned off.
- any control may be performed as long as the voltage applied to the third conducting path 43 is boosted and applied to the second conducting path 42 .
- the first switch 51 is turned off, the second switch 52 is turned on, the auxiliary charging unit 60 is turned on (state of supplying current to the power storage unit 12), and the voltage conversion unit 30 is turned on.
- any control may be performed as long as the voltage applied to the third conducting path 43 is stepped up and applied to the second conducting path 42 to perform the conversion operation.
- the "predetermined voltage drop state” is a state in which the voltage of the first power path 81 is lower than the voltage of the second power path 82, but is not limited to this example.
- the “predetermined voltage drop state” may be a state in which the voltage of the first power line 81 is lower than the voltage of the second power line 82 by a certain value or more.
- the power supply to the load 101 via the second power path 82 is cut off when "the normal state is not the predetermined voltage drop state".
- the control unit 16 when performing the second control, causes the output voltage (specifically, the voltage applied to the second power path 82) to be in the normal state to be applied to the first power path 81.
- the voltage conversion unit 30 may be caused to perform a conversion operation so as to apply an output voltage that is slightly lower than the applied voltage to the second conducting path 42 .
- the first control when the control unit 16 performs the first control in response to the satisfaction of the above-described first condition, the first control is performed until the termination condition of the first control is satisfied, and the termination condition of the first control is satisfied.
- the first control may be performed until the end condition of the first control is satisfied, and then the first control may be switched to the third control.
- the first control is switched to the third control before the charging voltage of power storage unit 12 reaches the second threshold value (for example, the threshold value indicating full charge), and the third control causes the charging voltage of power storage unit 12 to increase to the second threshold value. After reaching the threshold, the third control may be switched to the second control.
- the selection section 70 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG.
- the configuration may be such that preventive control can be performed.
- a first relay made of a mechanical relay or a semiconductor relay may be provided, and instead of the diode 72, a second relay made of a mechanical relay or a semiconductor relay may be provided.
- These first and second relays may be configured to allow bi-directional energization when in the ON state and cut off bi-directional energization when in the OFF state.
- the power supply control device 10 or the load 101 or another electronic control device monitors the voltage of the power supply section 91 (for example, the voltage of the power path 81), and the voltage of the power supply section 91 reaches a predetermined threshold value. If the above conditions are met, the first relay is turned on and the second relay is turned off, and if the voltage of the power supply unit 91 is less than the predetermined threshold, the first relay is turned off and the second relay is turned on. good.
- a switching device (not shown) turns on the first relay, turns off the second relay, and turns off the first power path.
- the first relay may be turned off and the second relay may be turned on.
- the selection unit 70 was configured as a component different from the power control device 10, but the selection unit 70 may be incorporated as part of the power control device 10. Alternatively, the selector 70 may be incorporated in the load 101 as part of the load 101 .
- In-vehicle system 3 In-vehicle power supply system 10: Power supply control device 12: Power storage unit 14: Voltage detection unit 16: Control unit 30: Voltage conversion unit 31: Step-down unit 32: Step-down circuit 34: Diode 41: First conduction path 42: Second conducting path 43: Third conducting path 51: First switch (switch) 52 : Second switch 60 : Supplementary charging unit 62 : Supplementary charging circuit 64 : Third switch 70 : Selecting unit 71 : Diode 72 : Diode 80 : Common power path 81 : First power path 82 : Second power path 91 : Power supply Part 101: load
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Abstract
Description
電源部と、蓄電部と、前記電源部に基づく電力を負荷に供給する経路である第1電力路と、前記蓄電部に基づく電力を前記負荷に供給する経路である第2電力路と、を備えた電源システムに用いられる電源制御装置であって、
前記電源部に基づく電力が伝送される経路である第1導電路と、
前記第2電力路へ電力を伝送する経路であり、前記第2電力路と前記第1導電路との間に介在する第2導電路と、
前記蓄電部に電気的に接続される第3導電路と、
前記第2導電路と前記第3導電路との間で電圧変換を行う電圧変換部と、
前記第1導電路と前記第2導電路との間に設けられ、前記第1導電路から前記第2導電路へ電流が流れることを許容するオン状態と遮断するオフ状態とに切り替わるスイッチと、
前記第3導電路に印加された電圧を降圧して出力する降圧回路を備え、前記第2導電路に印加された電圧が前記降圧回路の出力電圧以下の所定値に達する程度に低下した場合に前記降圧回路の出力電圧に基づく電流を前記第2導電路に流す降圧部と、
を有する。
以下では、本開示に係る実施形態が列記されて例示される。なお、以下で例示される〔1〕~〔4〕の特徴は、矛盾しない組み合わせでどのように組み合わされてもよい。
前記電源部に基づく電力が伝送される経路である第1導電路と、
前記第2電力路へ電力を伝送する経路であり、前記第2電力路と前記第1導電路との間に介在する第2導電路と、
前記蓄電部に電気的に接続される第3導電路と、
前記第2導電路と前記第3導電路との間で電圧変換を行う電圧変換部と、
前記第1導電路と前記第2導電路との間に設けられ、前記第1導電路から前記第2導電路へ電流が流れることを許容するオン状態と遮断するオフ状態とに切り替わるスイッチと、
前記第3導電路に印加された電圧を降圧して出力する降圧回路を備え、前記第2導電路に印加された電圧が前記降圧回路の出力電圧以下の所定値に達する程度に低下した場合に前記降圧回路の出力電圧に基づく電流を前記第2導電路に流す降圧部と、
を有する電源制御装置。
[本開示の実施形態の詳細]
1.車載システムの概要
図1には、車載システム2が示される。図1の車載システム2は、主に、車載用電源システム3と負荷101とを備える。車載用電源システム3は、以下の説明において電源システム3とも称される。車載システム2は、電源システム3によって負荷101に電力を供給し、負荷101を動作させるシステムである。図1では、車載用の負荷の一例として負荷101が例示されるが、車載システム2にはこれ以外の負荷が設けられていてもよい。
電源システム3は、電源部91と、蓄電部12と、電源制御装置10と、第1電力路81と、第2電力路82と、選択部70と、を備える。
電源制御装置10は、蓄電部12に基づく電力を出力し得るバックアップ装置である。電源制御装置10は、第1導電路41、第2導電路42、第3導電路43、第1スイッチ51、第2スイッチ52、電圧変換部30、補充電部60、降圧部31,電圧検出部14、制御部16、蓄電部12、などを備える。
(第1制御)
図3は、第1制御を説明する図である。制御部16は、予め定められた第1条件が成立した場合に、第1制御を開始する。上記の「第1条件」は、例えば、「車両が始動状態になる」という条件であってもよく、その他の条件であってもよい。例えば、制御部16は、車載システム2が搭載された車両が始動状態となった場合(イグニッションスイッチなどの始動スイッチがオン状態となった場合)に上記第1条件の成立と判定し、第1制御を開始する。
図4は、第2制御を説明する図である。制御部16は、予め定められた第2条件が成立した場合に、第2制御を開始する。上記の「第2条件」は、例えば、「第1制御が終了したこと」という条件であってもよく、「第3制御が終了したこと」という条件であってもよく、その他の条件であってもよい。第2制御は、蓄電部12の充電を停止させ、蓄電部12を放電させる制御である。具体的には、第2制御は、第1スイッチ51をオフ状態とし、第2スイッチ52をオン状態とし、補充電部60を停止状態とし、電圧変換部30に対し第3導電路43に印加された電圧を降圧して第2導電路42に印加する動作を行わせる制御である。図4の例では、制御部16は、第1スイッチ51だけでなく第3スイッチ64もオフ状態とするように第2制御を行う。制御部16は、蓄電部12の満充電時の充電電圧よりも小さく且つ電源部91の満充電時の充電電圧よりも少し小さい値を第2目標値とし、電圧変換部30が第2導電路42に印加する出力電圧を上記第2目標値とするように第2制御を行う。なお、第2目標値は、上述の所定値であるVb-Vfよりも大きい値であり、降圧回路32の出力電圧値Vbよりも大きい値である。第2目標値は、「目標値」の一例に相当する。
図7は、第3制御を説明する図である。制御部16は、予め定められた第3条件が成立した場合に、第3制御を開始する。上記の「第3条件」は、例えば、「第2制御の実行中に、蓄電部12が第3導電路43に印加する出力電圧が閾値以下に達すること」であってもよく、その他の条件であってもよい。以下で説明される代表例では、「第2制御の実行中に、蓄電部12が第3導電路43に印加する出力電圧が閾値(第1閾値)以下に達すること」が第3条件である。そして、上記閾値(第1閾値)は、0よりも大きく蓄電部12の満充電時の出力電圧よりも大きい値である。この閾値(第1閾値)は、予め定められた固定値であってもよく、更新又は変化させ得る値であってもよい。
電源制御装置10は、電圧変換部30が第2導電路42に出力電圧を印加するバックアップ動作時に、第2導電路42の電圧が所定値に達する程度に低下していない場合には、降圧部31から第2導電路42への通電は停止させて、電圧変換部30のメリットを生かすことができる。一方、電源制御装置10は、上記バックアップ動作時に負荷101への電流が急激に増大して第2導電路42の電圧が所定値に達する程度に低下した場合には、降圧部31から第2導電路42に電流を流すことで第2導電路42の電圧の低下を抑えることができる。
本開示は、上記記述及び図面によって説明した実施形態に限定されるものではない。例えば、上述又は後述の実施形態の特徴は、矛盾しない範囲であらゆる組み合わせが可能である。また、上述又は後述の実施形態のいずれの特徴も、必須のものとして明示されていなければ省略することもできる。更に、上述した実施形態は、次のように変更されてもよい。
3 :車載用電源システム
10 :電源制御装置
12 :蓄電部
14 :電圧検出部
16 :制御部
30 :電圧変換部
31 :降圧部
32 :降圧回路
34 :ダイオード
41 :第1導電路
42 :第2導電路
43 :第3導電路
51 :第1スイッチ(スイッチ)
52 :第2スイッチ
60 :補充電部
62 :補充電回路
64 :第3スイッチ
70 :選択部
71 :ダイオード
72 :ダイオード
80 :共通電力路
81 :第1電力路
82 :第2電力路
91 :電源部
101 :負荷
Claims (4)
- 電源部と、蓄電部と、前記電源部に基づく電力を負荷に供給する経路である第1電力路と、前記蓄電部に基づく電力を前記負荷に供給する経路である第2電力路と、を備えた電源システムに用いられる電源制御装置であって、
前記電源部に基づく電力が伝送される経路である第1導電路と、
前記第2電力路へ電力を伝送する経路であり、前記第2電力路と前記第1導電路との間に介在する第2導電路と、
前記蓄電部に電気的に接続される第3導電路と、
前記第2導電路と前記第3導電路との間で電圧変換を行う電圧変換部と、
前記第1導電路と前記第2導電路との間に設けられ、前記第1導電路から前記第2導電路へ電流が流れることを許容するオン状態と遮断するオフ状態とに切り替わるスイッチと、
前記第3導電路に印加された電圧を降圧して出力する降圧回路を備え、前記第2導電路に印加された電圧が前記降圧回路の出力電圧以下の所定値に達する程度に低下した場合に前記降圧回路の出力電圧に基づく電流を前記第2導電路に流す降圧部と、
を有する電源制御装置。 - 前記降圧回路は、低ドロップアウトレギュレータである
請求項1に記載の電源制御装置。 - 前記降圧部は、ダイオードを有し、
前記降圧回路によって出力される電圧が前記ダイオードのアノードに印加され、前記ダイオードのカソードが前記第2導電路に電気的に接続される
請求項1又は請求項2に記載の電源制御装置。 - 前記スイッチ及び前記電圧変換部を制御する制御部を有し、
前記制御部は、第1制御と第2制御とを行い、
前記第1制御は、前記スイッチをオン状態としつつ前記電圧変換部に対し前記第2導電路に印加された電圧を降圧又は昇圧して前記第3導電路に出力電圧を印加させる第1変換動作を行わせる制御であり、
前記第2制御は、前記スイッチをオフ状態としつつ前記電圧変換部に対し前記第3導電路に印加された電圧を降圧又は昇圧して前記第2導電路に目標値の出力電圧を印加させる第2変換動作を行わせる制御であり、
前記目標値は、前記所定値よりも高い値であり、
前記降圧回路は、前記目標値よりも低い電圧を出力する
請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の電源制御装置。
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Citations (4)
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JPS59169338A (ja) * | 1983-03-17 | 1984-09-25 | ニツタン株式会社 | 予備電源試験回路 |
JP2012046127A (ja) * | 2010-08-30 | 2012-03-08 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | 車両電源装置 |
JP3175480U (ja) * | 2012-02-06 | 2012-05-17 | インタープラン株式会社 | バッテリー補助装置 |
JP2017127112A (ja) * | 2016-01-13 | 2017-07-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車載電源システム |
-
2021
- 2021-03-09 JP JP2021037650A patent/JP2022137923A/ja active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-02-16 US US18/548,984 patent/US20240149811A1/en active Pending
- 2022-02-16 CN CN202280017798.3A patent/CN116888852A/zh active Pending
- 2022-02-16 WO PCT/JP2022/006043 patent/WO2022190790A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59169338A (ja) * | 1983-03-17 | 1984-09-25 | ニツタン株式会社 | 予備電源試験回路 |
JP2012046127A (ja) * | 2010-08-30 | 2012-03-08 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | 車両電源装置 |
JP3175480U (ja) * | 2012-02-06 | 2012-05-17 | インタープラン株式会社 | バッテリー補助装置 |
JP2017127112A (ja) * | 2016-01-13 | 2017-07-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車載電源システム |
Also Published As
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JP2022137923A (ja) | 2022-09-22 |
US20240149811A1 (en) | 2024-05-09 |
CN116888852A (zh) | 2023-10-13 |
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