WO2022188487A1 - Beam management method and system based on uplink and downlink asymmetric communication mimo system - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system. The uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system comprises an uplink sending end and a downlink receiving end that are provided with asymmetric antenna channels, and a plurality of phase shifters are provided on the antenna channel of the receiving end. The method comprises: determining the number of beam switching times according to the antenna channel ratio of the uplink sending end to the downlink receiving end; adjusting, according to the number of beam switching times, the phases of all phase shifters provided on the receiving end, and estimating a single antenna channel after each adjustment to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases; recovering the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all the phase shifters; and generating a working beam according to the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels and a preset beam design model, and performing beam management by means of the working beam. The time delay of beam scanning and the consumption of resources during phase shifter adjustment can be reduced, and the beam management efficiency can be improved.

Description

A beam management method and system based on uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular, to a beam management method and system based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system.

Background technique

Beamforming technology is the main technology of the current massive MIMO (multiple-in multipleout) system, and it is a signal preprocessing method based on the antenna array. The weighting coefficients produce directional beams, resulting in significant array gain. Therefore, independent control of each array element is the key to gain gain. However, the baseband processing capability required by the digital architecture for independent control of each array element is too high and cannot be satisfied, resulting in a digital-analog hybrid antenna. Architecture.

Under the digital-analog hybrid antenna architecture, there are various antenna design schemes, such as uplink and downlink asymmetric antenna design schemes, the number of antenna elements is 192 elements, the downlink uses 64 baseband channels, and 1 channel drives 3 array elements; the uplink uses 16 elements. Baseband channel, 1 channel drives 12 array elements. The uplink receiving end needs to perform channel estimation on the user, and determine the user's location according to the user's channel information, thereby determining the direction of the downlink transmit beam. However, for this uplink and downlink asymmetric antenna design, the uplink receiver can only perform pre-weighting on one channel at a time, that is, 12 array elements at a time due to the baseband part. , weight the antenna array elements, and because the phase shifter phase (one position of the phase shifter corresponds to one beam direction) has certain restrictions on switching, it can only be switched in certain positions, and the total switching time is long, It is easy to cause the loss of beam direction quantization.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, which can reduce the time delay and resource consumption of beam scanning when adjusting the phase shifter, and greatly improve beam management. s efficiency.

In order to solve the above technical problems, a first aspect of the present invention discloses a beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, wherein the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system includes an uplink transmitting end provided with an asymmetrical antenna channel and a downlink The receiving end, the antenna channel of the receiving end is provided with a plurality of phase shifters, and the method includes: determining the number of beam switching times according to the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end; The phase of all phase shifters is calculated, and the single antenna channel after each adjustment is estimated to generate channel estimates corresponding to different phases; channel estimates of all antenna channels are recovered according to the channel estimates corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters. value; generating a working beam according to the channel estimation values of all antenna channels and a preset beam design model, and performing beam management through the working beam.

In some embodiments, a beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, characterized in that the preset beam design model includes a plurality of beam weights associated with the beam, the The antenna channel channel estimates and the preset beam design model generate working beams, including: performing correlation calculation between all antenna channel channel estimates and the beam weights respectively to generate the energy values of the antenna channels in the preset beam design model ; Mark the beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel as a working beam, and perform beam management through the working beam.

In some embodiments, the preset beam design model is generated based on the discrete Fourier transform spatial sampling principle.

In some embodiments, the method further includes performing pre-weighting processing on the working beam and sending it to the downlink receiving end.

A second aspect of the present invention discloses a beam management system for an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system. The system includes an uplink transmitting end and a downlink receiving end provided with an asymmetric antenna channel, and the antenna channel of the receiving end is provided with There are a plurality of phase shifters, and the system includes: a ratio determination module for determining the number of beam switching times according to the antenna channel ratio of the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end; a channel estimation module for adjusting the number of beam switching on the receiving end. The phases of all the phase shifters are set, and the single antenna channel after each adjustment is estimated to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases; the channel recovery module is used for channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters. Restoring channel estimation values of all antenna channels; a beam management module for generating working beams according to the channel estimation values of all antenna channels and a preset beam design model, and performing beam management through the working beams.

In some embodiments, the preset beam design model includes a plurality of beam weights that are associated with the beams, and the beam management module includes: a calculation unit, configured to compare all the antenna channel channel estimation values with the beams respectively. Correlation calculation is performed on the beam weight to generate the energy value of the antenna channel in the preset beam design model; the management unit is used to mark the beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel as the working beam, and the beam is carried out through the working beam. manage.

In some embodiments, the preset beam design model is generated based on the discrete Fourier transform spatial sampling principle.

In some embodiments, the system further includes: a beam weighting module, configured to perform pre-weighting processing on the working beam and send it to the downlink receiving end.

A third aspect of the present invention discloses a communication device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor; the processor implements the above-mentioned program when the processor executes the program Steps in a beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system.

A fourth aspect of the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-mentioned beam management method based on an uplink-downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

By implementing the present invention, on asymmetric uplink and downlink antenna channels, only according to the ratio of the number of uplink and downlink antenna channels as the number of times of beam switching, the channel recovery of the estimation of the entire antenna channel channel can be performed, and all the channel estimation parameters after recovery can be used to perform channel recovery. Beam management and downlink pre-weighting processing are used for downlink transmission, and at the same time, it also solves the beam direction quantization loss caused by the phase shifter position, which greatly improves the efficiency of beam management, so that the optimal weighting can be obtained when the downlink receiving end is weighted. beam performance.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic flowchart of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic flowchart of another beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic flowchart of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of another application of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of an application of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of an application of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of another disclosed application of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed by an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a system schematic diagram of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a disclosed apparatus for beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

For better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention. not all examples. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to the explicit Those steps or modules listed may instead include other steps or modules not expressly listed or inherent to the process, method, product or apparatus.

In the antenna design scheme of uplink and downlink asymmetric, the uplink receiver needs to perform channel estimation on the user, and determine the user's position according to the user's channel information, thereby determining the direction of the downlink transmit beam. For example, the number of antenna array elements is 192 array elements, 64 baseband channels are used for downlink, 3 array elements are driven by 1 baseband channel, 16 baseband channels are used in uplink, and 1 baseband channel is used to drive 12 array elements. Under this design scheme of asymmetric uplink and downlink antennas, the uplink receiving end can only pre-weight 12 array elements at a time due to the baseband part, which needs to be weighted in the analog domain inside the antenna, that is, the antenna array elements are weighted by the phase shifter. , and because the phase shifter phase (equivalent to one gear of the phase shifter corresponding to one beam direction) has certain restrictions on switching, it can only be switched on certain gears. Therefore, when performing channel estimation in the uplink, switch all the phase shifter gears and perform channel estimation respectively. By comparing the magnitude of the receiving channel energy under different phase shifter gears, select the gear corresponding to the maximum receiving channel energy. As the beam where the user is located, it will cause the phase shifter to traverse all the gears for phase switching, the total switching time required is long, and the user beam judgment time delay is large. In addition, when the phase shifter phase switches the gears, there is a gap between the beams. If the user is just between the two beams, the user's performance will be poor.

The embodiment of the present invention discloses a beam management and system based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, which can perform the whole process on the asymmetric uplink and downlink antenna channels only according to the ratio of the number of uplink and downlink antenna channels as the number of beam switching times. The estimated channel of the antenna channel channel is recovered, and all the channel estimation parameters after recovery are used for beam management and downlink pre-weighting processing, and downlink transmission is performed. The efficiency of beam management is improved, so that optimal beam performance can be obtained when weighting at the downlink receiving end is performed.

Example 1

Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed by an embodiment of the present invention. Wherein, the beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system can be applied to the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system. The system includes an uplink transmitting end and a downlink receiving end provided with asymmetric antenna channels, and the antenna channel of the receiving end is provided with Having a plurality of phase shifters is not limited to this embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system may include the following operations:

101. Determine the number of beam switching times according to the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end.

Since the asymmetric communication MIMO system is applied in this embodiment, when the uplink and downlink antenna channels are inconsistent, the phase shifter needs to coordinate with each uplink to adjust its own phase. Research on non-MIMO systems has found that the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink transmitter to the downlink receiver can be used as the number of times the phase shifter adjusts the phase. Exemplarily, for a MIMO system composed of 64 antenna channels on the uplink transmitting end and 16 antenna channels on the downlink receiving end, the number of beam switching is 64/16=4.

102. Adjust the phases of all phase shifters set on the receiving end according to the number of beam switching times, and perform estimation on each adjusted single antenna channel to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases.

After the number of beam switching times is determined, the phase modulation operation of the phase shifter can be performed, and each phase shifter is phase-modulated by using the number of beam switching times, for example, 4 times, and the corresponding channel estimation value is obtained according to the channel estimation algorithm. Exemplarily, In this embodiment, two phase shifters are required, then for the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the first phase modulation, the phase shifter 1 corresponds to φ01, the phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ02, and then the phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ02. The user performs channel estimation to obtain a channel estimation value H0, which is obtained by calculation using an existing channel estimation algorithm, which is not the focus of this application and will not be described in detail. After the second phase modulation of phase shifter 1 and phase shifter 2, phase shifter 1 corresponds to φ11, and phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ12, and then channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain the channel estimation value H1. The phase of phase shifter 1 and phase shifter 2 after the third phase modulation is that phase shifter 1 corresponds to φ21, and phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ22, and then channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain the channel estimation value H2. The phases of the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the fourth phase modulation are that the phase shifter 1 corresponds to φ31, and the phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ32, and then performs channel estimation for the user to obtain the channel estimation value H3.

103. Restore the channel estimation values of all antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters.

In this embodiment, because the proportional relationship is adopted, when restoring the corresponding channel estimation value of the antenna channel, the channel estimation value of the same proportion can be solved by constructing an equation, and then continue to use the solved channel estimation value to solve until The channel estimation values of all antenna channels are solved, thereby realizing the recovery of the antenna channel estimation values of all antenna channels. Exemplarily, the channel estimates for the three antenna channels that need to be recovered are denoted as h0, h1, and h2.

The formulas can be combined:

h0+h1*φ01+h2*φ02=H0

h0+h_1*φ11+h2*φ12=H1

h0+h_1*φ21+h2*φ22=H2

h0+h_1*φ31+h2*φ32=H3

From this, h0, h1, h2, h3 can be calculated. So far, by adjusting the phase of the phase shifter, and only through the channel estimation value of one antenna channel, the channel estimation value of four antenna channels can be recovered, and so on, 64 channels can be recovered from 16 receiving channels. The channel estimation realizes the recovery of the channel estimation value of the full antenna channel.

104. Generate a working beam according to channel estimation values of all antenna channels and a preset beam design model, and perform beam management through the working beam.

The preset beam design model is generated based on the discrete Fourier transform spatial sampling principle, which includes a plurality of beam weights that are associated with the beam. Exemplarily, a total of 64 beams in 8 horizontal, 4 vertical, and 2 polarization directions are designed , the beam weights can be expressed as Wb=[w0,...,w63], the channel estimation values of all antenna channels are calculated by correlation with the beam weights to generate the energy value of the antenna channel in the preset beam design model [p0, ...,p63], mark the beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel as the working beam, and perform beam management through the working beam, that is, record the beam with the maximum energy for the antenna channel required by each user as its working beam, and carry out Beam management.

According to the method disclosed in this embodiment, on asymmetric uplink and downlink antenna channels, only the ratio of the number of uplink and downlink antenna channels can be used as the number of beam switching times, and the estimated channel recovery of the entire antenna channel channel can be performed, and the recovered channel can be used. All channel estimation parameters are subjected to beam management and downlink pre-weighting processing for downlink transmission. At the same time, the beam direction quantization loss caused by the phase shifter position is also solved, which greatly improves the efficiency of beam management.

Embodiment 2

Please refer to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of another beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed by an embodiment of the present invention. Wherein, the beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system can be applied to the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system. The system includes an uplink transmitting end and a downlink receiving end provided with asymmetric antenna channels, and the antenna channel of the receiving end is provided with Having a plurality of phase shifters is not limited to this embodiment of the present invention. as shown in picture 2,

201. Determine the number of times of beam switching according to the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end.

Since the asymmetric communication MIMO system is applied in this embodiment, when the uplink and downlink antenna channels are inconsistent, the phase shifter needs to coordinate with each uplink to adjust its own phase. Research on non-MIMO systems has found that the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink transmitter to the downlink receiver can be used as the number of times the phase shifter adjusts the phase. Exemplarily, for a MIMO system composed of 64 antenna channels at the uplink transmitting end and 16 antenna channels at the downlink receiving end, the number of beam switching times is 64/16=4.

202. Adjust the phases of all phase shifters set on the receiving end according to the number of beam switching times, and perform estimation on each adjusted single antenna channel to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases.

After the number of beam switching times is determined, the phase modulation operation of the phase shifter can be performed, and each phase shifter is phase-modulated by using the number of beam switching times, for example, 4 times, and the corresponding channel estimation value is obtained according to the channel estimation algorithm. Exemplarily, In this embodiment, two phase shifters are required, then for the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the first phase modulation, the phase shifter 1 corresponds to φ01, the phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ02, and then the phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ02. The user performs channel estimation to obtain a channel estimation value H0, which is obtained by calculation using an existing channel estimation algorithm, which is not the focus of this application and will not be described in detail. After the second phase modulation of phase shifter 1 and phase shifter 2, phase shifter 1 corresponds to φ11, and phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ12, and then channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain the channel estimation value H1. The phase of phase shifter 1 and phase shifter 2 after the third phase modulation is that phase shifter 1 corresponds to φ21, and phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ22, and then channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain the channel estimation value H2. The phases of the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the fourth phase modulation are that the phase shifter 1 corresponds to φ31, and the phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ32, and then performs channel estimation for the user to obtain the channel estimation value H3.

203. Restore the channel estimation values of all antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters.

In this embodiment, because the proportional relationship is adopted, when restoring the corresponding channel estimation value of the antenna channel, the channel estimation value of the same proportion can be solved by constructing an equation, and then continue to use the solved channel estimation value to solve until The channel estimation values of all antenna channels are solved, thereby realizing the recovery of the antenna channel estimation values of all antenna channels. Exemplarily, the channel estimates for the three antenna channels that need to be recovered are denoted as h0, h1, and h2.

The formulas can be combined:

h0+h1*φ01+h2*φ02=H0

h0+h_1*φ11+h2*φ12=H1

h0+h_1*φ21+h2*φ22=H2

h0+h_1*φ31+h2*φ32=H3

From this, h0, h1, h2, h3 can be calculated. So far, by adjusting the phase of the phase shifter, and only through the channel estimation value of one antenna channel, the channel estimation value of four antenna channels can be recovered, and so on, 64 channels can be recovered from 16 receiving channels. The channel estimation realizes the recovery of the channel estimation value of the full antenna channel.

204. Generate a working beam according to channel estimation values of all antenna channels and a preset beam design model, and perform beam management by using the working beam.

The preset beam design model is generated based on the discrete Fourier transform spatial sampling principle, which includes a plurality of beam weights that are associated with the beam. Exemplarily, a total of 64 beams in 8 horizontal, 4 vertical, and 2 polarization directions are designed , the beam weights can be expressed as Wb=[w0,...,w63], the channel estimation values of all antenna channels are calculated by correlation with the beam weights to generate the energy value of the antenna channel in the preset beam design model [p0, ...,p63], mark the beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel as the working beam, and perform beam management through the working beam, that is, record the beam with the maximum energy for the antenna channel required by each user as its working beam, and carry out Beam management.

205. Perform pre-weighting processing on the working beam and send it to the downlink receiving end.

For the downlink pre-weighting processing of the working beam, the pre-weighting uses the beam weight of the previously preset beam design model to perform beam forming, so as to complete the transmission to the downlink receiving end.

Further, there are the following different processing methods for the number of users. When the downlink is sent to a single user, the user's working beam is directly used for pre-weighting, and then the downlink transmission is performed. When the downlink is sent to multiple users, the multiple users are selected first, and users with different working beams are selected for pairing, and then the downlink transmission is performed.

According to the method disclosed in this embodiment, on asymmetric uplink and downlink antenna channels, only the ratio of the number of uplink and downlink antenna channels can be used as the number of beam switching times, and the estimated channel recovery of the entire antenna channel channel can be performed, and the recovered channel can be used. All channel estimation parameters are subjected to beam management and downlink pre-weighting processing for downlink transmission. At the same time, the quantization loss of the beam direction caused by the phase shifter position is also solved, which greatly improves the efficiency of beam management. , the optimal beam performance can be obtained.

Embodiment 3

Please refer to FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific application of another beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed by an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are schematic diagrams of the transmitting end and the receiving end of the asymmetric communication MIMO system according to the present embodiment. The entire communication system consists of 8 horizontal antenna elements, 12 vertical antenna elements, 2 polarized antenna elements, a total of 192 antenna elements, 64 antenna channels at the upstream transmitting end, including 1 vertical drive 3, and 16 antenna channels at the downstream receiving end, including Vertical 1-drive 16 asymmetric MIMO system. Among them, three phase shifters are arranged at the downlink receiving end, phase shifter 1 , phase shifter 2 and phase shifter 3 . For a MIMO system composed of 64 antenna channels at the uplink transmitting end and 16 antenna channels at the downlink receiving end, the number of beam switching is 64/16=4.

Then need to adjust 4 times, adjust the phase of phase shifter 1/phase shifter 2/phase shifter 3 at the receiving end to be φ01/φ02/φ03, and then perform channel estimation for the user to obtain the channel estimation value H0. Adjust the phase of phase shifter 1/phase shifter 2/phase shifter 3 at the receiving end to be φ11/φ12/φ13, and then perform channel estimation on the user to obtain the channel estimation value H1. Adjust the phase of the phase shifter phase shifter 1/phase shifter 2/phase shifter 3 at the receiving end to be φ21/φ22/φ23, and then perform channel estimation on the user to obtain the channel estimation value H2. Adjust the phase of the phase shifter phase shifter 1/phase shifter 2/phase shifter 3 at the receiving end to be φ31/φ32/φ33, and then perform channel estimation for the user to obtain the channel estimation value H3. The specific implementation is that, as shown in Figure 6, the adjustment gear of the phase shifter is 12 bits. Since the adjustment is 4 times this time, the gears are adjusted to 1/4/7/10 respectively, and then the 16 channels are uplinked respectively. Channel estimation H=[H0,...,H16]

Denote the channel estimates of the four antenna channels to be recovered as h0, h1, h2, and h3. From this, the equation can be constructed:

h0+h1*φ01+h2*φ02+h3*φ03=H0

h0+h1*φ11+h2*φ12+h3*φ13=H1

h0+h1*φ21+h2*φ22+h3*φ23=H2

h0+h1*φ31+h2*φ32+h3*φ33=H3

Since the quaternary linear equations are known, the four equations can be solved with four unknowns, and h0, h1, h2, h3 can be obtained by calculation. So far, by adjusting the phase shifter and the channel estimation of one channel, the channel estimation of four channels can be recovered, and so on, the channel estimation of 64 channels can be recovered from the 16 receiving channels, and the channel estimation of 64 channels can be obtained. User 64 antenna channel channel estimation information h=[h0, . . . , h63], beam management and beam pre-weighting can be performed.

Further, the preset beam design model is regenerated. In this embodiment, based on the principle of DFT spatial sampling, a total of 64 beams in 8 horizontal, 4 vertical, and 2 polarization directions are designed, and the corresponding directions of the beam IDs are shown in FIG. 7 . The weights can be expressed as Wb=[w0,...,w63]. Perform the correlation operation on the user channel h with [w0,...,w63] respectively, the energy of the user channel in each preset beam can be recorded as [p0,...,p63], and for each user, record its maximum energy The beam is used as its working beam for beam management.

Further, downlink pre-weighting processing is performed by using the working beam again, beamforming is performed, and downlink transmission is completed. When the downlink is sent to a single user, the user's working beam is directly used for pre-weighting, and then the downlink transmission is performed. When the downlink is sent to multiple users, the multiple users are selected first, and users with different working beams are selected for pairing, and then the downlink transmission is performed.

According to the method disclosed in this embodiment, on asymmetric uplink and downlink antenna channels, only the ratio of the number of uplink and downlink antenna channels can be used as the number of beam switching times, and the estimated channel recovery of the entire antenna channel channel can be performed, and the recovered channel can be used. All channel estimation parameters are subjected to beam management and downlink pre-weighting processing for downlink transmission. At the same time, the quantization loss of the beam direction caused by the phase shifter position is also solved, which greatly improves the efficiency of beam management. , the optimal beam performance can be obtained.

Embodiment 4

Please refer to FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is a beam management system based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 8, the system includes:

An uplink transmitter 1 and a downlink receiver 2 are provided with an asymmetric antenna channel, and a plurality of phase shifters 3 are arranged on the antenna channel of the receiver. The system includes:

The ratio determination module 4 is configured to determine the number of beam switching times according to the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end. Since the asymmetric communication MIMO system is applied in this embodiment, when the uplink and downlink antenna channels are inconsistent, the phase shifter needs to coordinate with each uplink to adjust its own phase. The non-MIMO system is studied and found that the ratio determination module 3 can use the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end as the number of times the phase shifter adjusts the phase. Exemplarily, for a MIMO system composed of 64 antenna channels at the uplink transmitting end and 16 antenna channels at the downlink receiving end, the number of beam switching times is 64/16=4.

The channel estimation module 5 is used for adjusting the phases of all phase shifters set on the receiving end according to the number of beam switching, and estimating a single antenna channel after each adjustment to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases. After the number of beam switching times is determined, the phase modulation operation of the phase shifter can be performed, and each phase shifter is phase-modulated by using the number of beam switching times, for example, 4 times, and the corresponding channel estimation value is obtained according to the channel estimation algorithm. Exemplarily, In this embodiment, two phase shifters are required, then for the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the first phase modulation, the phase shifter 1 corresponds to φ01, the phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ02, and then the phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ02. The user performs channel estimation to obtain a channel estimation value H0, which is obtained by calculation using an existing channel estimation algorithm, which is not the focus of this application and will not be described in detail. After the second phase modulation of phase shifter 1 and phase shifter 2, phase shifter 1 corresponds to φ11, and phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ12, and then channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain the channel estimation value H1. The phase of phase shifter 1 and phase shifter 2 after the third phase modulation is that phase shifter 1 corresponds to φ21, and phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ22, and then channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain the channel estimation value H2. The phases of the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the fourth phase modulation are that the phase shifter 1 corresponds to φ31, and the phase shifter 2 corresponds to φ32, and then performs channel estimation for the user to obtain the channel estimation value H3.

The channel recovery module 6 is configured to recover the channel estimation values of all antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters. In this embodiment, because the proportional relationship is adopted, when restoring the corresponding channel estimation value of the antenna channel, the channel estimation value of the same proportion can be solved by constructing an equation, and then continue to use the solved channel estimation value to solve until The channel estimation values of all antenna channels are solved, thereby realizing the recovery of the antenna channel estimation values of all antenna channels. Exemplarily, the channel estimates for the three antenna channels that need to be recovered are denoted as h0, h1, and h2.

The formulas can be combined:

h0+h1*φ01+h2*φ02=H0

h0+h_1*φ11+h2*φ12=H1

h0+h_1*φ21+h2*φ22=H2

h0+h_1*φ31+h2*φ32=H3

From this, h0, h1, h2, h3 can be calculated. So far, by adjusting the phase of the phase shifter, and only through the channel estimation value of one antenna channel, the channel estimation value of four antenna channels can be recovered, and so on, 64 channels can be recovered from 16 receiving channels. The channel estimation realizes the recovery of the channel estimation value of the full antenna channel.

The beam management module 7 is used for generating a working beam according to all antenna channel channel estimation values and a preset beam design model, and performing beam management through the working beam. The preset beam design model includes a plurality of beam weights that are associated with the beam, and the beam management module includes: a calculation unit 701, configured to perform correlation calculation between all antenna channel channel estimation values and the beam weights respectively to generate an antenna The energy value of the channel in the preset beam design model. The management unit 702 is configured to mark the beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel as a working beam, and perform beam management through the working beam. The preset beam design model is generated based on the discrete Fourier transform spatial sampling principle. The preset beam design model includes a plurality of beam weights that are associated with the beam. Exemplarily, a total of 64 beams in 8 horizontal, 4 vertical, and 2 polarization directions are designed, and the beam weight can be expressed as Wb=[w0,... ,w63], calculate the correlation between all antenna channel channel estimates and beam weights to generate the energy value of the antenna channel in the preset beam design model [p0,...,p63], mark the maximum energy of each antenna channel The beam corresponding to the value is used as the working beam, and beam management is performed through the working beam, that is, the beam with the maximum energy is recorded for the antenna channel required by each user as its working beam, and beam management is performed.

As a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a beam weighting module 8, configured to perform pre-weighting processing on the working beam and send it to the downlink receiving end. There are different processing methods as follows for the number of users. When the downlink is sent to a single user, the user's working beam is directly used for pre-weighting, and then the downlink transmission is performed. When the downlink is sent to multiple users, the multiple users are selected first, and users with different working beams are selected for pairing, and then the downlink transmission is performed.

According to the system disclosed in this embodiment, on asymmetric uplink and downlink antenna channels, only the ratio of the number of uplink and downlink antenna channels can be used as the number of beam switching times, and the estimated channel recovery of the entire antenna channel channel can be performed, and the recovered channel can be used. All channel estimation parameters are subjected to beam management and downlink pre-weighting processing for downlink transmission. At the same time, the quantization loss of the beam direction caused by the phase shifter position is also solved, which greatly improves the efficiency of beam management. , which can obtain the best beam performance

Embodiment 5

Please refer to FIG. 9. FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam management apparatus based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed by an embodiment of the present invention. Wherein, the beam management device based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system described in FIG. 9 can be applied to the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, and the application system of the beam management based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system is implemented in the present invention. Examples are not limited. As shown in Figure 9, the apparatus may include:

a memory 601 storing executable program code;

a processor 602 coupled to the memory 601;

The processor 602 invokes the executable program code stored in the memory 601 to execute the beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system described in the first embodiment.

Embodiment 6

An embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program for electronic data exchange, wherein the computer program enables a computer to execute the beam management based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system described in the first embodiment method.

Embodiment 7

An embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer program product. The computer program product includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and the computer program is operable to cause a computer to execute the first or second embodiment. Described beam management method based on uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system.

The embodiments described above are only illustrative, wherein the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in a local, or it can be distributed over multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without creative effort.

From the specific description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation manner can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the above-mentioned technical solutions can be embodied in the form of software products in essence or that make contributions to the prior art. The computer software products can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium includes a read-only memory. (Read-Only Memory, ROM), Random Access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), Programmable Read-only Memory (PROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM) ), One-time Programmable Read-Only Memory (OTPROM), Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Compact Disc Read -Only Memory, CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, magnetic tape storage, or any other computer-readable medium that can be used to carry or store data.

Finally, it should be noted that the beam management method and system based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed by the embodiments of the present invention are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. , rather than limiting it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or to modify some of them. The technical features are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system includes an uplink transmitting end and a downlink receiving end provided with an asymmetric antenna channel, and the antenna channel of the receiving end is provided with multiple a phase shifter, wherein the method includes:

   Determine the number of beam switching according to the antenna channel ratio between the uplink transmitter and the downlink receiver;

   Adjust the phases of all the phase shifters set on the receiving end according to the beam switching times, and estimate the single antenna channel after each adjustment to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases;

   Recover the channel estimates of all antenna channels according to the channel estimates corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters;

   A working beam is generated according to the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels and a preset beam design model, and beam management is performed through the working beam.
2. The beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to claim 1, wherein the preset beam design model includes a plurality of beam weights that are associated with the beam, and the preset beam design model includes a plurality of beam weights associated with the beam. All antenna channel channel estimates and preset beam design models generate working beams, including:

   Performing correlation calculation on all antenna channel channel estimates and the beam weights respectively to generate the energy value of the antenna channel in the preset beam design model;

   The beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel is marked as a working beam, and beam management is performed through the working beam.
3. The beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to claim 2, wherein the preset beam design model is generated based on the discrete Fourier transform spatial sampling principle.
4. The beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the method further comprises:

   The working beam is pre-weighted and sent to the downlink receiver.
5. A beam management system based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, the system includes:

   An uplink transmitting end and a downlink receiving end are provided with an asymmetric antenna channel, and a plurality of phase shifters are arranged on the antenna channel of the receiving end. It is characterized in that, the system includes:

   The ratio determination module is used to determine the number of beam switching according to the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end;

   a channel estimation module, configured to adjust the phases of all phase shifters set on the receiving end according to the beam switching times, and estimate the single antenna channel after each adjustment to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases;

   A channel recovery module for recovering the channel estimation values of all antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters;

   A beam management module, configured to generate a working beam according to the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels and a preset beam design model, and perform beam management through the working beam.
6. The beam management system based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to claim 5, wherein the preset beam design model includes a plurality of beam weights that are associated with the beam, and the beam management module include:

   a calculation unit, configured to perform correlation calculation on all antenna channel channel estimates and the beam weights respectively to generate the energy value of the antenna channel in the preset beam design model;

   A management unit, configured to mark the beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel as a working beam, and perform beam management through the working beam.
7. The beam management system based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to claim 6, wherein the preset beam design model is generated based on the discrete Fourier transform spatial sampling principle.
8. The beam management system based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to any one of claims 5-7, wherein the system further comprises:

   The beam weighting module is used to perform pre-weighting processing on the working beam and send it to the downlink receiving end.
9. A communication device comprising a memory, a processor, and stored on the memory and operable on the processor

   A running computer program; characterized in that, when the processor executes the program, the steps in the beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.
10. A computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program is executed by a processor

    When executed, the steps in the beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to any one of claims 1-4 are realized.

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