CN112688722A - Beam management method and system based on uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system - Google Patents
Beam management method and system based on uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112688722A CN112688722A CN202110267104.9A CN202110267104A CN112688722A CN 112688722 A CN112688722 A CN 112688722A CN 202110267104 A CN202110267104 A CN 202110267104A CN 112688722 A CN112688722 A CN 112688722A
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- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, wherein the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system comprises an uplink sending end and a downlink receiving end which are provided with asymmetric antenna channels, and the antenna channels of the receiving end are provided with a plurality of phase shifters, and the method comprises the following steps: determining the times of beam switching according to the antenna channel proportion of an uplink sending end and a downlink receiving end; adjusting the phases of all phase shifters arranged on a receiving end according to the switching times of the wave beams, and estimating a single antenna channel after each adjustment to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases; recovering the channel estimation values of all antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters; and generating working beams according to the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels and a preset beam design model, and managing the beams through the working beams. The time delay and resource consumption of beam scanning when the phase shifter is adjusted can be reduced, and the efficiency of beam management is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a beam management method and system based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system.
Background
The beamforming technology is a main technology of a current large-scale MIMO (multiple-in multiple-out) system, and is a signal preprocessing means based on an antenna array, and the principle of the beamforming technology is to generate a directional beam by adjusting a weighting coefficient of each array element in the antenna array, so as to obtain an obvious array gain. Therefore, it is the key to obtain gain to independently control each array element, but the baseband processing capability required by the digital architecture for independently controlling each array element is very high and cannot be satisfied, so that the digital-analog hybrid antenna architecture is derived.
Under a digital-analog hybrid antenna architecture, various antenna design schemes exist, for example, an uplink and downlink asymmetric antenna design scheme, the number of antenna array elements is 192 array elements, a downlink uses 64 baseband channels, and 1 channel drives 3 array elements; the upstream uses 16 baseband channels, and 1 channel drives 12 array elements. The uplink receiving end needs to perform channel estimation on the user, and determines the position of the user according to the channel information of the user, thereby determining the direction of the downlink transmission beam. However, for the design scheme of the uplink and downlink asymmetric antenna, the uplink receiving end can only pre-weight one channel, that is, 12 array elements at a time, and needs to perform analog domain weighting inside the antenna, that is, weighting the antenna array elements by the phase shifter, and because the phase of the phase shifter (one shift of the phase shifter corresponds to one beam direction) has certain limitation on switching, switching can only be performed at some shifts, and the total switching time is long, which easily causes loss of beam direction vectorization.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, which can reduce the time delay of beam scanning and resource consumption when adjusting a phase shifter, and greatly improve the efficiency of beam management.
In order to solve the above technical problem, a first aspect of the present invention discloses a beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, where the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system includes an uplink transmitting end and a downlink receiving end, where an antenna channel of the receiving end is provided with multiple phase shifters, and the method includes: determining the times of beam switching according to the antenna channel proportion of an uplink sending end and a downlink receiving end; adjusting the phases of all phase shifters arranged on the receiving end according to the beam switching times, and estimating a single antenna channel after each adjustment to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases; recovering the channel estimation values of all antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters; and generating working beams according to the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels and a preset beam design model, and managing the beams through the working beams.
In some embodiments, the method for beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, where the preset beam design model includes a plurality of beam weights associated with beams, and the generating a working beam according to the channel estimation values of all antenna channels and the preset beam design model includes: respectively carrying out correlation calculation on all antenna channel estimated values and the beam weight values to generate energy values of the antenna channels in a preset beam design model; and marking the beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel as a working beam, and performing beam management through the working beam.
In some embodiments, the preset beam design model is generated based on the discrete fourier transform spatial sampling principle.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises pre-weighting the working beam and transmitting the pre-weighted working beam to the downlink receiving end.
The second aspect of the present invention discloses a beam management system for an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, wherein the system includes an uplink transmitting end and a downlink receiving end, the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end are provided with asymmetric antenna channels, the antenna channels of the receiving end are provided with a plurality of phase shifters, and the system includes: the ratio determining module is used for determining the switching times of the wave beams according to the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink sending end and the downlink receiving end; the channel estimation module is used for adjusting the phases of all phase shifters arranged on the receiving end according to the beam switching times, and estimating a single antenna channel after each adjustment to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases; the channel recovery module is used for recovering the channel estimation values of all antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters; and the beam management module is used for generating working beams according to the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels and a preset beam design model and carrying out beam management through the working beams.
In some embodiments, the preset beam design model comprises a plurality of beam weights associated with beams, and the beam management module comprises: the computing unit is used for respectively carrying out correlation computation on all the antenna channel estimated values and the beam weight values to generate energy values of the antenna channels in a preset beam design model; and the management unit is used for marking the wave beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel as a working wave beam and carrying out wave beam management through the working wave beam.
In some embodiments, the preset beam design model is generated based on the discrete fourier transform spatial sampling principle.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises: and the beam weighting module is used for carrying out pre-weighting processing on the working beam and sending the working beam to a downlink receiving end.
A third aspect of the invention discloses a communication device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor; the processor executes the program to implement the steps in the beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system.
The fourth aspect of the present invention discloses a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system as described above
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can carry out channel recovery of the estimation of the whole antenna channel on an asymmetric uplink and downlink antenna channel only according to the proportion of the number of the uplink and downlink antenna channels as the switching times of the wave beam, and uses all the channel estimation parameters after recovery to carry out wave beam management and downlink pre-weighting processing for downlink transmission, and simultaneously solves the wave beam direction vectorization loss caused by the gear of the phase shifter, greatly improves the efficiency of wave beam management, and can obtain the optimal wave beam performance when weighting is carried out on a downlink receiving end.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of beam management of another uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an application of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an application of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an application of beam management based on an uplink/downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a system diagram of beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for beam management based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," and any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules explicitly listed, but may include other steps or modules not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the design scheme of the uplink and downlink asymmetric antenna, an uplink receiving end needs to perform channel estimation on a user, and the position of the user is determined according to the channel information of the user, so that the direction of a downlink transmission beam is determined. For example, the number of antenna elements is 192 elements, 64 baseband channels are used for downlink, 1 baseband channel drives 3 elements, 16 baseband channels are used for uplink, and 1 baseband channel drives 12 elements. Under the design scheme of the uplink and downlink asymmetric antenna, the uplink receiving end can only pre-weight 12 array elements at one time due to the baseband part, analog domain weighting needs to be carried out in the antenna, namely, the antenna array elements are weighted through the phase shifter, and due to certain limitation on phase shifting of the phase shifter (which is equal to that one gear of the phase shifter corresponds to one beam direction), switching can only be carried out on a plurality of gears. Therefore, when uplink channel estimation is performed, all phase shifter gears are switched, channel estimation is performed respectively, and by comparing the magnitude of received channel energy in different phase shifter gears, a beam corresponding to the gear with the largest received channel energy is selected as the beam where the user is located, so that phase shifter phase switching needs to traverse all gears, the required total switching time is long, and the time delay of user beam judgment is large. Moreover, when the phase shifter shifts the gears, there is a gap between the beams, and if the user is just between the two beams, the performance of the user is poor.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a beam management and system based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, which can perform channel recovery of estimation of a whole antenna channel on an asymmetric uplink and downlink antenna channel only according to the number proportion of the uplink and downlink antenna channels as the beam switching times, perform beam management and downlink pre-weighting processing by using all recovered channel estimation parameters, perform downlink transmission, solve the beam vectorization loss caused by a phase shifter gear, greatly improve the efficiency of beam management, and enable a downlink receiving end to obtain the optimal beam performance when weighting.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system can be applied to the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, the system comprises an uplink sending end and a downlink receiving end which are provided with asymmetric antenna channels, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited by the fact that the antenna channels of the receiving end are provided with a plurality of phase shifters. As shown in fig. 1, the beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system may include the following operations:
101. and determining the times of beam switching according to the antenna channel proportion of the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end.
Since the present embodiment is applied to an asymmetric communication MIMO system, in the case that the uplink and downlink antenna channels are not consistent, the phase shifter needs to be used in cooperation with each uplink to adjust the phase of the antenna, and therefore, the inventor of the present application finds, through research on the existing non-MIMO system, that the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end can be used as the number of times for adjusting the phase of the phase shifter. For example, for a MIMO system with 64 antenna channels at the uplink transmitting end and 16 antenna channels at the downlink receiving end, the number of beam switching is 64/16= 4.
102. And adjusting the phases of all phase shifters arranged on the receiving end according to the switching times of the wave beams, and estimating the adjusted single antenna channel each time to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases.
After the number of beam switching times is determined, phase modulation operation of the phase shifters can be performed, phase modulation is performed on each phase shifter by using the number of beam switching times, for example, 4 times, and a corresponding channel estimation value is obtained according to a channel estimation algorithm, for example, in this embodiment, 2 phase shifters are required, then, for the phase of the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the first phase modulation, the phase of the phase shifter 1 corresponds to Φ 01, and the phase of the phase shifter 2 corresponds to Φ 02, and then, channel estimation is performed on a user to obtain a channel estimation value H0, and the channel estimation value is obtained by calculating by using the existing channel estimation algorithm, which is not a key point of the present application and is not described in detail. Then, the phase of the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the second phase modulation is phi 11 corresponding to the phase shifter 1, phi 12 corresponding to the phase shifter 2, and then channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain a channel estimation value H1. And the phase of the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the third phase modulation is phi 21 corresponding to the phase shifter 1, phi 22 corresponding to the phase shifter 2, and then the channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain a channel estimation value H2. The phase after the fourth phase modulation is performed on the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 is phi 31 corresponding to the phase shifter 1, phi 32 corresponding to the phase shifter 2, and then channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain a channel estimation value H3.
103. And recovering the channel estimation values of all antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters.
In this embodiment, because a proportional relationship is adopted, when the corresponding antenna channel estimation values are restored, the channel estimation values in the same proportion can be solved by constructing an equation, and then the solved channel estimation values are continuously used for solving until the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels are solved, thereby realizing the restoration of the antenna channel estimation values of all the antenna channels. Illustratively, the channel estimates are denoted as h0, h1, h2 for the 3 antenna channels that need to be recovered.
The formula can be simultaneous:
h0+h1*φ01+h2*φ02 =H0
h0+h_1*φ11+h2*φ12 =H1
h0+h_1*φ21+h2*φ22 =H2
h0+h_1*φ31+h2*φ32=H3
from this, h0, h1, h2 and h3 can be calculated. By adjusting the phase of the phase shifter, the channel estimation values of four antenna channels can be recovered through the channel estimation value of only one antenna channel, and by analogy, the channel estimation values of 64 channels can be recovered from 16 receiving channels, so that the recovery of the channel estimation values of all antenna channels is realized.
104. And generating working beams according to the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels and a preset beam design model, and managing the beams through the working beams.
The preset beam design model is generated based on a discrete fourier transform spatial sampling principle, and includes a plurality of beam weights associated with beams, illustratively, 64 beams in a horizontal 4-vertical 2-polarization direction are designed 8, the beam weights may be represented as Wb = [ w0, …, w63], correlation calculation is performed on all antenna channel estimation values and the beam weights respectively to generate energy values [ p0, …, p63] of antenna channels in the preset beam design model, the beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel is marked as a working beam, beam management is performed through the working beam, that is, the beam with the maximum energy value recorded by the antenna channel required by each user is used as the working beam, and beam management is performed.
According to the method disclosed by the embodiment, the estimated channel recovery of the whole antenna channel can be performed only by taking the ratio of the number of the uplink antenna channels to the number of the downlink antenna channels as the beam switching times on the asymmetric uplink antenna channels and the asymmetric downlink antenna channels, and the beam management and downlink pre-weighting processing are performed by using all the recovered channel estimation parameters to perform downlink transmission, so that the beam direction vectorization loss caused by the gear position of the phase shifter is solved, and the beam management efficiency is greatly improved.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of another beam management method based on an uplink/downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system can be applied to the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, the system comprises an uplink sending end and a downlink receiving end which are provided with asymmetric antenna channels, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited by the fact that the antenna channels of the receiving end are provided with a plurality of phase shifters. As shown in figure 2 of the drawings, in which,
201. and determining the times of beam switching according to the antenna channel proportion of the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end.
Since the present embodiment is applied to an asymmetric communication MIMO system, in the case that the uplink and downlink antenna channels are not consistent, the phase shifter needs to be used in cooperation with each uplink to adjust the phase of the antenna, and therefore, the inventor of the present application finds, through research on the existing non-MIMO system, that the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end can be used as the number of times for adjusting the phase of the phase shifter. For example, for a MIMO system with 64 antenna channels at the uplink transmitting end and 16 antenna channels at the downlink receiving end, the number of beam switching is 64/16= 4.
202. And adjusting the phases of all phase shifters arranged on the receiving end according to the switching times of the wave beams, and estimating the adjusted single antenna channel each time to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases.
After the number of beam switching times is determined, phase modulation operation of the phase shifters can be performed, phase modulation is performed on each phase shifter by using the number of beam switching times, for example, 4 times, and a corresponding channel estimation value is obtained according to a channel estimation algorithm, for example, in this embodiment, 2 phase shifters are required, then, for the phase of the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the first phase modulation, the phase of the phase shifter 1 corresponds to Φ 01, and the phase of the phase shifter 2 corresponds to Φ 02, and then, channel estimation is performed on a user to obtain a channel estimation value H0, and the channel estimation value is obtained by calculating by using the existing channel estimation algorithm, which is not a key point of the present application and is not described in detail. Then, the phase of the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the second phase modulation is phi 11 corresponding to the phase shifter 1, phi 12 corresponding to the phase shifter 2, and then channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain a channel estimation value H1. And the phase of the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the third phase modulation is phi 21 corresponding to the phase shifter 1, phi 22 corresponding to the phase shifter 2, and then the channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain a channel estimation value H2. The phase after the fourth phase modulation is performed on the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 is phi 31 corresponding to the phase shifter 1, phi 32 corresponding to the phase shifter 2, and then channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain a channel estimation value H3.
203. And recovering the channel estimation values of all antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters.
In this embodiment, because a proportional relationship is adopted, when the corresponding antenna channel estimation values are restored, the channel estimation values in the same proportion can be solved by constructing an equation, and then the solved channel estimation values are continuously used for solving until the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels are solved, thereby realizing the restoration of the antenna channel estimation values of all the antenna channels. Illustratively, the channel estimates are denoted as h0, h1, h2 for the 3 antenna channels that need to be recovered.
The formula can be simultaneous:
h0+h1*φ01+h2*φ02 =H0
h0+h_1*φ11+h2*φ12 =H1
h0+h_1*φ21+h2*φ22 =H2
h0+h_1*φ31+h2*φ32=H3
from this, h0, h1, h2 and h3 can be calculated. By adjusting the phase of the phase shifter, the channel estimation values of four antenna channels can be recovered through the channel estimation value of only one antenna channel, and by analogy, the channel estimation values of 64 channels can be recovered from 16 receiving channels, so that the recovery of the channel estimation values of all antenna channels is realized.
204. And generating working beams according to the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels and a preset beam design model, and managing the beams through the working beams.
The preset beam design model is generated based on a discrete fourier transform spatial sampling principle, and includes a plurality of beam weights associated with beams, illustratively, 64 beams in a horizontal 4-vertical 2-polarization direction are designed 8, the beam weights may be represented as Wb = [ w0, …, w63], correlation calculation is performed on all antenna channel estimation values and the beam weights respectively to generate energy values [ p0, …, p63] of antenna channels in the preset beam design model, the beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel is marked as a working beam, beam management is performed through the working beam, that is, the beam with the maximum energy value recorded by the antenna channel required by each user is used as the working beam, and beam management is performed.
205. And carrying out pre-weighting processing on the working beam and sending the working beam to a downlink receiving end.
And for the downlink pre-weighting processing of the working beam, the pre-weighting processing uses the beam weight of the beam design model preset before to carry out beam forming, thereby completing the transmission to the downlink receiving end.
Furthermore, the number of users has the following different processing modes, when the downlink is transmitted to a single user, the working beam of the user is directly used for pre-weighting, and then the downlink transmission is carried out. When downlink is sent to multiple users, the multiple users are selected firstly, and downlink sending is carried out after the users with different working beams are selected for pairing.
According to the method disclosed by the embodiment, the estimated channel recovery of the whole antenna channel can be performed only by taking the ratio of the number of the uplink antenna channels to the number of the downlink antenna channels as the beam switching times on the asymmetric uplink antenna channels and the asymmetric downlink antenna channels, and the beam management and downlink pre-weighting processing are performed by using all the recovered channel estimation parameters to perform downlink transmission.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific application of another beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 and fig. 5 are schematic diagrams of a transmitting end and a receiving end of the asymmetric communication MIMO system of the present embodiment. The whole communication system is a horizontal 8-antenna array element, a vertical 12-antenna array element, a polarized 2-antenna array element, totally 192-antenna array elements, 64-antenna channels of an uplink sending end, including a vertical 1-drive 3 and a downlink receiving end 16-antenna channel, and includes a vertical 1-drive 16-asymmetric MIMO system. Wherein, 3 phase shifters, phase shifter 1, phase shifter 2 and phase shifter 3 are arranged at the downlink receiving end. For a MIMO system with 64 antenna channels at the uplink transmitting end and 16 antenna channels at the downlink receiving end, the number of beam switching times is 64/16= 4.
Then, the phase of the phase shifter 1/phase shifter 2/phase shifter 3 at the receiving end needs to be adjusted to be phi 01/phi 02/phi 03 for 4 times, and then the channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain the channel estimation value H0. And adjusting the phase of the phase shifter 1/the phase shifter 2/the phase shifter 3 at the receiving end to be phi 11/phi 12/phi 13, and then carrying out channel estimation on a user to obtain a channel estimation value H1. And adjusting the phase of the phase shifter 1/phase shifter 2/phase shifter 3 at the receiving end to be phi 21/phi 22/phi 23, and then carrying out channel estimation on the user to obtain a channel estimation value H2. And adjusting the phase of the phase shifter 1/phase shifter 2/phase shifter 3 at the receiving end to be phi 31/phi 32/phi 33, and then carrying out channel estimation on the user to obtain a channel estimation value H3. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the shift of the phase shifter is 12 bits, since the shift is adjusted 4 times this time, the shift is adjusted to 1/4/7/10, and then uplink channel estimation H = [ H0, …, H16] is performed on 16 channels respectively
The 4 antenna channel estimates that need to be recovered are denoted as h0, h1, h2, h 3. From this, the equation can be constructed:
h0+h1*φ01+h2*φ02+h3*φ03=H0
h0+h1*φ11+h2*φ12+h3*φ13=H1
h0+h1*φ21+h2*φ22+h3*φ23=H2
h0+h1*φ31+h2*φ32+h3*φ33=H3
since the system of equations with quaternions is known, four equations can be solved into four unknowns, and h0, h1, h2 and h3 can be calculated. By adjusting the phase shifter and the channel estimation of one channel, the channel estimation of four channels is recovered, and by analogy, the channel estimation of 64 channels can be recovered from 16 receiving channels, after the channel estimation of 64 channels is obtained, the channel estimation information h = [ h0, …, h63] of the user 64 antenna channel is obtained, and then beam management and beam pre-weighting can be performed.
Further, a preset beam design model is generated again, in this embodiment, 64 beams in the 8 horizontal 4 vertical 2 polarization directions are designed based on the DFT spatial sampling principle, the beam ID corresponding directions are as shown in fig. 7, wherein the beam weight values can be represented as Wb = [ w0, …, w63 ]. And (3) performing correlation operation on the user channel h and [ w0, … and w63] respectively to obtain the energy of the user channel in each preset beam as [ p0, … and p63], and recording the beam with the maximum energy of each user as the working beam of each user to perform beam management.
And further, the working beam is reused for downlink pre-weighting processing, beam forming is carried out, and downlink transmission is completed. When the downlink is sent to a single user, the working beam of the user is directly used for pre-weighting, and then the downlink sending is carried out. When downlink is sent to multiple users, the multiple users are selected firstly, and downlink sending is carried out after the users with different working beams are selected for pairing.
According to the method disclosed by the embodiment, the estimated channel recovery of the whole antenna channel can be performed only by taking the ratio of the number of the uplink antenna channels to the number of the downlink antenna channels as the beam switching times on the asymmetric uplink antenna channels and the asymmetric downlink antenna channels, and the beam management and downlink pre-weighting processing are performed by using all the recovered channel estimation parameters to perform downlink transmission.
Example four
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a beam management system based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the system includes:
be provided with ascending sending end 1 and downlink receiving terminal 2 of asymmetric antenna path, be provided with a plurality of looks wares 3 on the antenna path of receiving terminal, this system includes:
and the proportion determining module 4 is used for determining the switching times of the wave beams according to the antenna channel proportion of the uplink sending end and the downlink receiving end. Since the present embodiment is applied to an asymmetric communication MIMO system, in the case that the uplink and downlink antenna channels are not consistent, the phase of the MIMO system needs to be adjusted by using a phase shifter in cooperation with each uplink antenna channel, and therefore, the inventor of the present application finds, through research on the existing non-MIMO system, that the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end can be used as the number of times for adjusting the phase of the phase shifter by using the ratio determining module 3. For example, for a MIMO system with 64 antenna channels at the uplink transmitting end and 16 antenna channels at the downlink receiving end, the number of beam switching is 64/16= 4.
And the channel estimation module 5 is configured to adjust the phases of all phase shifters arranged on the receiving end according to the beam switching times, and estimate a single antenna channel after each adjustment to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases. After the number of beam switching times is determined, phase modulation operation of the phase shifters can be performed, phase modulation is performed on each phase shifter by using the number of beam switching times, for example, 4 times, and a corresponding channel estimation value is obtained according to a channel estimation algorithm, for example, in this embodiment, 2 phase shifters are required, then, for the phase of the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the first phase modulation, the phase of the phase shifter 1 corresponds to Φ 01, and the phase of the phase shifter 2 corresponds to Φ 02, and then, channel estimation is performed on a user to obtain a channel estimation value H0, and the channel estimation value is obtained by calculating by using the existing channel estimation algorithm, which is not a key point of the present application and is not described in detail. Then, the phase of the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the second phase modulation is phi 11 corresponding to the phase shifter 1, phi 12 corresponding to the phase shifter 2, and then channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain a channel estimation value H1. And the phase of the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 after the third phase modulation is phi 21 corresponding to the phase shifter 1, phi 22 corresponding to the phase shifter 2, and then the channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain a channel estimation value H2. The phase after the fourth phase modulation is performed on the phase shifter 1 and the phase shifter 2 is phi 31 corresponding to the phase shifter 1, phi 32 corresponding to the phase shifter 2, and then channel estimation is performed on the user to obtain a channel estimation value H3.
And the channel recovery module 6 is configured to recover the channel estimation values of all antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters. In this embodiment, because a proportional relationship is adopted, when the corresponding antenna channel estimation values are restored, the channel estimation values in the same proportion can be solved by constructing an equation, and then the solved channel estimation values are continuously used for solving until the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels are solved, thereby realizing the restoration of the antenna channel estimation values of all the antenna channels. Illustratively, the channel estimates are denoted as h0, h1, h2 for the 3 antenna channels that need to be recovered.
The formula can be simultaneous:
h0+h1*φ01+h2*φ02 =H0
h0+h_1*φ11+h2*φ12 =H1
h0+h_1*φ21+h2*φ22 =H2
h0+h_1*φ31+h2*φ32=H3
from this, h0, h1, h2 and h3 can be calculated. By adjusting the phase of the phase shifter, the channel estimation values of four antenna channels can be recovered through the channel estimation value of only one antenna channel, and by analogy, the channel estimation values of 64 channels can be recovered from 16 receiving channels, so that the recovery of the channel estimation values of all antenna channels is realized.
And the beam management module 7 is configured to generate a working beam according to all the antenna channel estimation values and a preset beam design model, and perform beam management through the working beam. The preset beam design model comprises a plurality of beam weights which are associated with the beams, and the beam management module comprises: a calculating unit 701, configured to perform correlation calculation on all antenna channel estimation values and the beam weights respectively to generate energy values of the antenna channels in a preset beam design model. The management unit 702 is configured to mark a beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel as a working beam, and perform beam management through the working beam. The preset beam design model is generated based on the discrete Fourier transform spatial sampling principle. The preset beam design model includes a plurality of beam weights associated with the beams, for example, 64 beams in the horizontal 4-vertical 2-polarization direction are designed 8, the beam weights may be represented as Wb = [ w0, …, w63], correlation calculation is performed on all antenna channel estimation values and the beam weights respectively to generate energy values [ p0, …, p63] of the antenna channels in the preset beam design model, the beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel is marked as a working beam, beam management is performed through the working beam, that is, the beam with the maximum energy value is recorded as the working beam for the antenna channel required by each user, and beam management is performed.
As a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a beam weighting module 8, configured to perform pre-weighting processing on the working beam and send the pre-weighted working beam to the downlink receiving end. The number of users has the following different processing modes, when the downlink is transmitted to a single user, the working beam of the user is directly used for pre-weighting, and then the downlink transmission is carried out. When downlink is sent to multiple users, the multiple users are selected firstly, and downlink sending is carried out after the users with different working beams are selected for pairing.
According to the system disclosed by the embodiment, the estimated channel recovery of the whole antenna channel can be performed only by taking the ratio of the number of the uplink antenna channels to the number of the downlink antenna channels as the beam switching times on the asymmetric uplink antenna channels and the asymmetric downlink antenna channels, and the beam management and downlink pre-weighting processing are performed by using all the recovered channel estimation parameters for downlink transmission, thereby solving the beam direction vectorization loss caused by the gear position of the phase shifter, greatly improving the efficiency of beam management, and obtaining the optimal beam performance when the downlink receiving end is weighted
EXAMPLE five
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam management apparatus based on an uplink/downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The beam management device based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system described in fig. 9 may be applied to the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the application system based on the beam management of the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system. As shown in fig. 9, the apparatus may include:
a memory 601 in which executable program code is stored;
a processor 602 coupled to a memory 601;
the processor 602 calls the executable program code stored in the memory 601 for executing the beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system described in the first embodiment.
EXAMPLE six
The embodiment of the invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium which stores a computer program for electronic data exchange, wherein the computer program enables a computer to execute the beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system described in the first embodiment.
EXAMPLE seven
An embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer program product, which includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and the computer program is operable to cause a computer to execute the beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system described in the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
The above-described embodiments are only illustrative, and the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as modules may or may not be physical modules, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above detailed description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the embodiments may be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and may also be implemented by hardware. Based on such understanding, the above technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, where the storage medium includes a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), an Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), a One-time Programmable Read-Only Memory (OTPROM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), a Compact Disc-Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM), or other disk memories, CD-ROMs, or other magnetic disks, A tape memory, or any other medium readable by a computer that can be used to carry or store data.
Finally, it should be noted that: the beam management method and system based on uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art; the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wave beam management method based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system comprises an uplink sending end and a downlink receiving end which are provided with asymmetric antenna channels, and the antenna channels of the receiving end are provided with a plurality of phase shifters, the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the times of beam switching according to the antenna channel proportion of an uplink sending end and a downlink receiving end;
adjusting the phases of all phase shifters arranged on the receiving end according to the beam switching times, and estimating a single antenna channel after each adjustment to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases;
recovering the channel estimation values of all antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters;
and generating working beams according to the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels and a preset beam design model, and managing the beams through the working beams.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the preset beam design model includes a plurality of beam weights associated with beams, and the generating of working beams according to the channel estimation values of all antenna channels and the preset beam design model includes:
respectively carrying out correlation calculation on all antenna channel estimated values and the beam weight values to generate energy values of the antenna channels in a preset beam design model;
and marking the beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel as a working beam, and performing beam management through the working beam.
3. The beam management method of claim 2, wherein the preset beam design model is generated based on a discrete fourier transform spatial sampling principle.
4. The method for beam management based on uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the method further comprises:
and carrying out pre-weighting processing on the working beam and sending the working beam to a downlink receiving end.
5. A beam management system based on an uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system, the system comprising:
the uplink transmitting end and the downlink receiving end which are provided with asymmetric antenna channels are provided with a plurality of phase shifters on the antenna channels of the receiving end, and the system is characterized by comprising the following components:
the ratio determining module is used for determining the switching times of the wave beams according to the ratio of the antenna channels of the uplink sending end and the downlink receiving end;
the channel estimation module is used for adjusting the phases of all phase shifters arranged on the receiving end according to the beam switching times, and estimating a single antenna channel after each adjustment to generate channel estimation values corresponding to different phases;
the channel recovery module is used for recovering the channel estimation values of all antenna channels according to the channel estimation values corresponding to different phases and the phases of all phase shifters;
and the beam management module is used for generating working beams according to the channel estimation values of all the antenna channels and a preset beam design model and carrying out beam management through the working beams.
6. The beam management system of claim 5, wherein the preset beam design model comprises a plurality of beam weights associated with beams, and the beam management module comprises:
the computing unit is used for respectively carrying out correlation computation on all the antenna channel estimated values and the beam weight values to generate energy values of the antenna channels in a preset beam design model;
and the management unit is used for marking the wave beam corresponding to the maximum energy value of each antenna channel as a working wave beam and carrying out wave beam management through the working wave beam.
7. The beam management system of claim 6, wherein the preset beam design model is generated based on the discrete Fourier transform spatial sampling principle.
8. The beam management system according to any of claims 5-7, wherein the system further comprises:
and the beam weighting module is used for carrying out pre-weighting processing on the working beam and sending the working beam to a downlink receiving end.
9. A communication device comprising a memory, a processor and a memory stored on the memory and operable on the processor
A running computer program; the processor is characterized in that the processor implements the steps in the beam management method based on the uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program is processed by a processor
When executed, implement the steps in the beam management method based on uplink and downlink asymmetric communication MIMO system according to any of claims 1-4.
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| WO2022188487A1 (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-09-15 | 广东省新一代通信与网络创新研究院 | Beam management method and system based on uplink and downlink asymmetric communication mimo system |
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