CN106603137B - Antenna combination method and device - Google Patents

Antenna combination method and device Download PDF

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CN106603137B
CN106603137B CN201510681440.2A CN201510681440A CN106603137B CN 106603137 B CN106603137 B CN 106603137B CN 201510681440 A CN201510681440 A CN 201510681440A CN 106603137 B CN106603137 B CN 106603137B
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correlation coefficient
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CN106603137A (en
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吴昊
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ZTE Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
    • H04B7/0862—Weighted combining receiver computing weights based on information from the transmitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels

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Abstract

The invention provides an antenna combination method and device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining channel response of each channel through channel estimation, determining correlation coefficients of the channel and the adjacent channel according to the channel response of the channel and the channel response of the adjacent channel of the channel, obtaining the correlation coefficient of an antenna contained in the channel through an interpolation method according to the correlation coefficients, wherein the conjugate of the correlation coefficient of the antenna is a combining weight of the antenna contained in the channel, and the accumulated value of the value obtained by multiplying the received data of the antenna contained in the channel by the combining weight is the received data of the channel.

Description

Antenna combination method and device
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for antenna combining.
Background
In mobile communication, diversity reception is one of the effective measures often taken to counter the effects of fading. In a mobile environment, fading conditions of a plurality of signals received through different paths are different. Fading of mobile radio signals involves two aspects: a shadow fading caused by terrain causes the average power of the received signal to fluctuate in a longer space or time; a signal from multipath propagation causes a sharp change in signal strength over a short distance.
Mobile radio signals are received over a short distance and the fading of the signals is independent in time, frequency, space, angle and polarization. By utilizing the characteristics, a plurality of signals independent in fading can be obtained by adopting a corresponding method. After obtaining multiple fading independent signals, they need to be combined. The effect of the combining is to add the phase adjusted and delayed branch signals, so that the signal-to-noise ratio is improved. The improvement in signal-to-noise ratio is related to the weighting factor. There are three basic ways of combining, depending on the choice of weighting factors: and selecting combination, maximum ratio combination and equal gain combination. The maximum ratio combining performance is best in three basic combining methods, the gain combining performance is second, and the combining performance is selected to be the worst.
For the problem of high complexity of antenna combining operation in the related art under the condition of a large number of antennas, no effective solution is available at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an antenna combination method and device, which are used for solving the problem of high complexity of the maximum ratio combination operation when a large number of antennas exist in the related art.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna combining method, including:
determining channel responses of all channels through channel estimation;
determining correlation coefficients of the channel and adjacent channels of the channel according to the channel response of the channel and the channel responses of the adjacent channels of the channel;
obtaining the correlation coefficient of the antenna contained in the channel by an interpolation method according to the correlation coefficient, wherein the conjugate of the correlation coefficient of the antenna is the combined weight of the antenna contained in the channel;
and multiplying the received data of the antenna contained in the channel by the combining weight to obtain an accumulated value as the received data of the channel.
Further, the channel estimation comprises one of:
estimating the channel response by using a Least Square (LS) channel estimation method;
the channel response is estimated using a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) channel estimation method.
Further, determining the correlation coefficients of the channel and the adjacent channel according to the channel response of the channel and the channel responses of the adjacent channels of the channel comprises:
the channel response of the channel n is HnThe channel response of the adjacent channel n + m of the channels is Hn+mThe correlation coefficients for channel n and channel n + m are calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0000825086400000021
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0000825086400000022
represents the channel response HnThe average value of (a) of (b),
Figure BDA0000825086400000023
represents the channel response Hn+mN and m are positive integers.
Further, the obtaining of the correlation coefficient of the antenna included in the channel by the interpolation method, where the conjugate of the correlation coefficient of the antenna as the combining weight of the antenna included in the channel includes at least one of:
when the correlation coefficient of the channel represents the antenna vertical distance correlation coefficient, obtaining the vertical distance correlation coefficient of the channel containing the antenna through linear interpolation, and determining the combination weight in the antenna vertical direction;
and when the correlation coefficient of the channel represents the antenna horizontal distance correlation coefficient, obtaining the horizontal distance correlation coefficient of the channel containing the antenna through linear interpolation, and determining the combination weight in the horizontal direction of the antenna.
Further, before the channel includes the received data of the antenna multiplied by the accumulation of the combining weights and becomes the received data of the channel, the method further includes:
and adjusting the carrier phase corresponding to the channel containing antenna to enable the carriers to be in the same direction.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna combining apparatus, including:
the estimation module is used for determining the channel response of each channel through channel estimation;
a correlation coefficient module, configured to determine correlation coefficients of the channel and an adjacent channel of the channel according to a channel response of the channel and a channel response of the adjacent channel;
the interpolation module is used for obtaining the correlation coefficient of the antenna contained in the channel by an interpolation method according to the correlation coefficient, and the conjugate of the correlation coefficient of the antenna is the combined weight of the antenna contained in the channel;
and the merging module is used for multiplying the received data of the antenna contained in the channel by the merging weight to obtain an accumulated value as the received data of the channel.
Further, the channel estimation comprises one of:
estimating the channel response by using a least square LS channel estimation method;
and estimating the channel response by using a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) channel estimation method.
Further, the correlation coefficient module includes:
a calculating unit, configured to calculate a correlation coefficient of the channel n and the channel n + m by the following formula:
Figure BDA0000825086400000031
wherein the channel response of the channel n is HnThe channel response of a channel n + m of a channel adjacent to said channel is Hn+m，
Figure BDA0000825086400000032
Represents the channel response HnThe average value of (a) of (b),
Figure BDA0000825086400000033
represents the channel response Hn+mN and m are positive integers.
Further, the interpolation module includes at least one of:
a first interpolation unit, configured to obtain, through linear interpolation, a vertical distance correlation coefficient of an antenna included in the channel when the correlation coefficient of the channel represents a correlation coefficient of a vertical distance between antennas, and determine the combining weight in the vertical direction of the antenna;
and the second interpolation unit is used for obtaining the horizontal distance correlation coefficient of the channel containing the antenna through linear interpolation when the correlation coefficient of the channel represents the correlation coefficient of the horizontal distance of the antenna, and determining the combination weight value of the horizontal direction of the antenna.
Further, the apparatus further comprises:
and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the phase of the carrier wave corresponding to the channel containing the antenna to enable the carrier wave to be in the same direction.
According to the invention, the channel response of each channel is determined through channel estimation, the correlation coefficient of the channel and the adjacent channel is determined according to the channel response of the channel and the channel response of the adjacent channel of the channel, the correlation coefficient of the antenna contained in the channel is obtained through an interpolation method according to the correlation coefficient, the conjugate of the correlation coefficient of the antenna is the combining weight of the antenna contained in the channel, and the accumulated value of the value obtained by multiplying the received data of the antenna contained in the channel by the combining weight is the received data of the channel, so that the problem of high complexity of the combining operation of the antenna under the condition of a large number of antennas is solved, and the complexity of the combining operation of the antenna is reduced.
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The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flow chart of an antenna combining according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a first block diagram of an antenna combining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of an antenna combining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of an antenna combining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of an antenna combining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method of antenna combining in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an antenna combining apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a first schematic diagram of an antenna arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a second schematic diagram of an antenna arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
In this embodiment, a method for antenna combining is provided, and fig. 1 is a flowchart of antenna combining according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the flowchart includes the following steps:
step S102, determining the channel response of each channel through channel estimation;
step S104, determining the correlation coefficient of the channel and the adjacent channel according to the channel response of the channel and the channel response of the adjacent channel of the channel;
step S106, obtaining the correlation coefficient of the antenna contained in the channel by an interpolation method according to the correlation coefficient, wherein the conjugate of the correlation coefficient of the antenna is the combined weight of the antenna contained in the channel;
step S108, the accumulated value of the values obtained by multiplying the received data of the antenna contained in the channel by the combining weight is the received data of the channel.
Through the steps, the channel response of each channel is determined through channel estimation, the correlation coefficient of the channel and the adjacent channel is determined according to the channel response of the channel and the channel response of the adjacent channel of the channel, the correlation coefficient of the antenna contained in the channel is obtained through an interpolation method according to the correlation coefficient, the conjugate of the correlation coefficient of the antenna is the combining weight of the antenna contained in the channel, and the accumulated value of the value obtained by multiplying the received data of the antenna contained in the channel by the combining weight is the received data of the channel, so that the problem of high complexity of the combining operation of the antenna under the condition of a large number of antennas is solved, and the complexity of the combining operation of the antenna is reduced.
In this embodiment, the channel estimation includes two methods, the channel response is estimated by using a least square LS channel estimation method, or the channel response is estimated by using a minimum mean square error MMSE channel estimation method.
In this embodiment, determining the correlation coefficient between the channel and the adjacent channel according to the channel response of the channel and the channel response of the adjacent channel of the channel includes:
the channel response of the channel is HnThe channel response of channel n + m of the adjacent channel of the channel is Hn+mThe correlation coefficients for channel n and channel n + m are calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0000825086400000051
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0000825086400000052
represents the channel response HnThe average value of (a) of (b),
Figure BDA0000825086400000053
represents the channel response Hn+mN and m are positive integers.
In this embodiment, the obtaining the correlation coefficient of the antenna included in the channel by the interpolation method, where the conjugate of the correlation coefficient of the antenna as the combining weight of the antenna included in the channel includes obtaining the vertical distance correlation coefficient of the antenna included in the channel by linear interpolation when the correlation coefficient of the channel represents the correlation coefficient of the vertical spacing between antennas, determining the combining weight in the vertical direction of the antenna, obtaining the horizontal distance correlation coefficient of the antenna included in the channel by linear interpolation when the correlation coefficient of the channel represents the correlation coefficient of the horizontal spacing between antennas, and determining the combining weight in the horizontal direction of the antenna, so as to ensure that the antennas included in each channel are approximately superposed in the same direction, and the combining performance is increased with respect to simple direct addition.
In this embodiment, before the channel includes the received data of the antenna multiplied by the combining weight and accumulated as the received data of the channel, the method further includes adjusting the phase of the carrier corresponding to the channel including the antenna to make the carriers in the same direction, so as to significantly improve the total output signal-to-noise ratio.
In this embodiment, an antenna combining apparatus is further provided, and the apparatus is used to implement the foregoing embodiments and preferred embodiments, and the description already made is omitted. As used below, the term "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the means described in the embodiments below are preferably implemented in software, an implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an antenna combining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus includes:
an estimation module 22, configured to determine channel responses of the channels through channel estimation;
the correlation coefficient module 24 is connected to the estimation module 22, and is configured to determine correlation coefficients of the channel and an adjacent channel of the channel according to the channel response of the channel and the channel responses of the adjacent channels;
the interpolation module 26 is connected to the correlation coefficient module 24, and configured to obtain a correlation coefficient of an antenna included in the channel by an interpolation method according to the correlation coefficient, where a conjugate of the correlation coefficient of the antenna is a combining weight of the antenna included in the channel;
the combining module 28 is connected to the interpolation module 26, and is configured to multiply the received data of the antenna included in the channel by the combining weight to obtain an accumulated value of the values, which is the received data of the channel.
Through the above steps, the estimation module 22 determines the channel response of each channel through channel estimation, the correlation coefficient module 24 determines the correlation coefficient between the channel and the adjacent channel according to the channel response of the channel and the channel response of the adjacent channel of the channel, the interpolation module 26 obtains the correlation coefficient of the antenna included in the channel through an interpolation method according to the correlation coefficient, the conjugate of the correlation coefficient of the antenna is the combining weight of the antenna included in the channel, and the combining module 28 obtains the accumulated value of the value obtained by multiplying the received data of the antenna included in the channel by the combining weight as the received data of the channel.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a structure of an antenna combining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the correlation coefficient module 24 further includes:
a calculating unit 32, configured to calculate correlation coefficients of the channel n and the channel n + m by the following formula:
Figure BDA0000825086400000061
wherein the channel response of the channel n is HnThe channel response of channel n + m of the adjacent channel of the channel is Hn+m，
Figure BDA0000825086400000062
Represents the channel response HnThe average value of (a) of (b),
Figure BDA0000825086400000063
represents the channel response Hn+mN and m are positive integers.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a structure of an antenna combining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the interpolation module 26 further includes:
a first interpolation unit 42, configured to obtain, through linear interpolation, a vertical distance correlation coefficient of an antenna included in the channel when the correlation coefficient of the channel represents a correlation coefficient of a vertical distance between antennas, and determine the combining weight in the vertical direction of the antenna;
and a second interpolation unit 44, configured to obtain a horizontal distance correlation coefficient of the channel including the antenna through linear interpolation when the correlation coefficient of the channel represents the correlation coefficient of the horizontal antenna spacing, and determine the combining weight in the horizontal direction of the antenna.
This ensures that the antennas included in each channel are approximately co-directionally superimposed, and the combining performance is increased relative to simple direct addition.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a fourth structure of an antenna combining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the apparatus includes, in addition to all modules shown in fig. 2:
the adjusting module 52 is connected to the interpolating module 26, and is configured to adjust the phase of the carrier corresponding to the channel including the antenna so that the carrier is in the same direction.
It should be noted that, the above modules may be implemented by software or hardware, and for the latter, the following may be implemented, but not limited to: the modules are all positioned in the same processor; alternatively, the modules are respectively located in a plurality of processors.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to preferred examples and embodiments.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for antenna combining, which are used to improve the performance of a communication system and are applied to the communication system.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprises: 1) obtaining the channel response of each channel through channel estimation; 2) estimating the correlation coefficient of the adjacent channel according to the channel response of the channel; 3) obtaining an antenna correlation coefficient contained in each channel by an interpolation method, wherein the conjugate of the correlation coefficient is the combination weight of the antenna contained in each channel; 4) each channel is combined by a maximum ratio combining method, and the implementation steps comprise:
step 1, obtaining the channel response of each channel through channel estimation. The channel response of each channel may be estimated by a pilot sequence transmitted by the terminal. The channel estimation method comprises a least square LS channel estimation method, a minimum mean square error MMSE channel estimation method and the like.
And 2, estimating the correlation coefficient of the adjacent channel according to the channel response of the channel. Suppose channel n has a channel response of HnChannel response for channel n + m is Hn+mThe correlation coefficients for channel n and channel n + m are calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0000825086400000071
wherein
Figure BDA0000825086400000072
Represents the channel response HnThe average value of (a) of (b),
Figure BDA0000825086400000073
represents the channel response Hn+mIs measured.
And 3, obtaining the antenna correlation coefficient contained in each channel by an interpolation method, wherein the conjugate of the correlation coefficient is the combination weight of the antenna contained in each channel. Through the step 2, the correlation coefficient COR of the channel n and the channel n + m can be obtainedn,n+mAnd the correlation coefficient of the antenna contained in each channel can be obtained by an interpolation method. The antenna data contained in each channel is multiplied by the weight and then combined into channel data.
And 4, combining each channel by a maximum ratio combining method. The maximal ratio combining method adjusts the carrier phases of all paths before the signals of all paths are combined to enable the carrier phases to be in the same direction and then are added, so that the total output signal-to-noise ratio can be obviously improved.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for antenna combining according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, comprising the steps of:
step S601, obtaining the channel response of each channel through channel estimation;
step S602, estimating the correlation coefficient of the adjacent channel according to the channel response of the channel;
step S603, obtaining an antenna correlation coefficient included in each channel by an interpolation method, where a conjugate of the correlation coefficient is a combining weight of antennas included in each channel;
in step S604, each channel is merged by the maximum ratio method.
According to another aspect of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention also provide an antenna combining transpose.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an antenna combining apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, generally including the following four modules: the channel estimation module 701 corresponds to the estimation module 22 of the above embodiment, the channel correlation coefficient calculation module 702 corresponds to the correlation coefficient module 24 of the above embodiment, the antenna combining module 703 corresponds to the interpolation module 26 of the above embodiment, and the channel combining module 704 corresponds to the combining module 28 of the above embodiment. The channel estimation module 701 is configured to obtain a channel response of each channel through channel estimation; the channel correlation coefficient calculation module 702 is configured to estimate correlation coefficients of adjacent channels according to channel responses of the channels, and the antenna combination module 703 is configured to obtain an antenna correlation coefficient included in each channel by using an interpolation method, where a conjugate of the correlation coefficient is a combination weight of antennas included in each channel. The channel merging module 704 is used for merging each channel by the maximal ratio merging method.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, an antenna combining method and an antenna combining device are provided, wherein the method first obtains a channel response of each channel through channel estimation, then estimates a correlation coefficient of an adjacent channel according to the channel response of the channel, then obtains an antenna correlation coefficient included in each channel through an interpolation method, a conjugate of the correlation coefficient is a combining weight of an antenna included in each channel, and finally combines each channel through a maximal ratio combining method.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an antenna arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8.
The dotted line represents a positive 45 degree polarized antenna and the solid line represents a negative 45 degree polarized antenna. Lane 1 contains antenna 1 and antenna 3, lane 2 contains antenna 2 and antenna 4, lane 3 contains antenna 5 and antenna 7, lane 4 contains antenna 6 and antenna 8, lane 5 contains antenna 9 and antenna 11, lane 6 contains antenna 10 and antenna 12, lane 7 contains antenna 13 and antenna 15, and lane 8 contains antenna 14 and antenna 16. Channel 9 contains antenna 17 and antenna 19, channel 10 contains antenna 18 and antenna 20, channel 11 contains antenna 21 and antenna 23, channel 12 contains antenna 22 and antenna 24, channel 13 contains antenna 25 and antenna 27, channel 14 contains antenna 26 and antenna 28, channel 15 contains antenna 29 and antenna 31, channel 16 contains antenna 30 and antenna 32, the step of combining the antennas of this embodiment includes:
step 1, obtaining the channel response of each channel through channel estimation. The channel response of channel n (n ═ 1,2,3, …,14,15,16) is obtained by the MMSE channel estimation method using the pilot sequence transmitted by the terminal.
And 2, estimating the correlation coefficient of the adjacent channel according to the channel response of the channel. Suppose channel n has a channel response of HnChannel response for channel n + m is Hn+mThe correlation coefficients for channel n and channel n + m are calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0000825086400000091
wherein
Figure BDA0000825086400000092
Represents the channel response HnThe average value of (a) of (b),
Figure BDA0000825086400000093
represents the channel response Hn+mIs measured.
And 3, obtaining the antenna correlation coefficient contained in each channel by an interpolation method, wherein the conjugate of the correlation coefficient is the combination weight of the antenna contained in each channel. Calculating correlation COR of channel n and channel n +2 according to channel estimationn,n+2(n is 1,2, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13, 14). The correlation coefficient represents that the antenna spacing is twice the vertical spacing of the BS antenna, and the correlation coefficient of the vertical distance of the BS antenna can be obtained by linear interpolation. The conjugate of this correlation coefficient is the antenna combining weight. This ensures that the antennas included in each channel are approximately co-incident, and that the relatively simple direct addition performance is increased.
And 4, combining each channel by a maximum ratio combining method. The maximal ratio combining method adjusts the carrier phases of all paths before the signals of all paths are combined to enable the carrier phases to be in the same direction and then are added, so that the total output signal-to-noise ratio can be obviously improved.
Fig. 9 is a second schematic diagram of an antenna arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9.
The solid line represents a negative 45 degree polarized antenna. Channel 1 contains antenna 1 and antenna 3, channel 3 contains antenna 5 and antenna 7, channel 5 contains antenna 9 and antenna 11, and channel 7 contains antenna 13 and antenna 15. Channel 9 contains antenna 17 and antenna 19, channel 11 contains antenna 21 and antenna 23, channel 13 contains antenna 25 and antenna 27, and channel 15 contains antenna 29 and antenna 31, the step of combining the antennas of this embodiment includes:
step 1, obtaining the channel response of each channel through channel estimation, and obtaining the channel response of channel n (n is 1,3, …,13,15) through an MMSE channel estimation method by using a pilot sequence sent by a terminal.
And 2, estimating the correlation coefficient of the adjacent channel according to the channel response of the channel. Suppose channel n has a channel response of HnChannel response for channel n + m is Hn+mThe correlation coefficients for channel n and channel n + m are calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0000825086400000094
wherein
Figure BDA0000825086400000095
Represents the channel response HnThe average value of (a) of (b),
Figure BDA0000825086400000096
represents the channel response Hn+mIs measured.
And 3, obtaining the antenna correlation coefficient contained in each channel by an interpolation method, wherein the conjugate of the correlation coefficient is the combination weight of the antenna contained in each channel. Calculating correlation COR of channel n and channel n +2 according to channel estimationn,n+2(n is 1,5,9, 13). This isThe correlation coefficient represents that the antenna spacing is twice the vertical spacing of the BS antenna, and the correlation coefficient of the vertical distance of the BS antenna can be obtained by linear interpolation. The conjugate of this correlation coefficient is the antenna combining weight. This ensures that the antennas included in each channel are approximately co-incident, and that the relatively simple direct addition performance is increased.
And 4, combining each channel by a maximum ratio combining method. The maximal ratio combining method adjusts the carrier phases of all paths before the signals of all paths are combined to enable the carrier phases to be in the same direction and then are added, so that the total output signal-to-noise ratio can be obviously improved.
The arrangement and numbering scheme of the antennas is as shown in fig. 9, and in another embodiment, the solid lines represent negative 45 degree polarized antennas. Channel 1 contains antenna 1, antenna 3, antenna 9 and antenna 11, and channel 5 contains antenna 5, antenna 7, antenna 13 and antenna 15. The channel 9 contains an antenna 17, an antenna 19, an antenna 25 and an antenna 27. The channel 13 contains an antenna 21, an antenna 23, an antenna 29 and an antenna 31, the step of combining the antennas of this embodiment comprising:
step 1, obtaining the channel response of each channel through channel estimation. The channel response of channel n (n ═ 1,5,9,13) is obtained by the MMSE channel estimation method using the pilot sequence transmitted by the terminal.
And 2, estimating the correlation coefficient of the adjacent channel according to the channel response of the channel. Suppose channel n has a channel response of HnChannel response for channel n + m is Hn+mThe correlation coefficients for channel n and channel n + m are calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0000825086400000101
wherein
Figure BDA0000825086400000102
Represents the channel response HnThe average value of (a) of (b),
Figure BDA0000825086400000103
represents the channel response Hn+mIs measured.
And 3, obtaining the antenna correlation coefficient contained in each channel by an interpolation method, wherein the conjugate of the correlation coefficient is the combination weight of the antenna contained in each channel. Calculating correlation COR of channel n and channel n +4 according to channel estimationn,n+4(n ═ 1, 9), correlation COR of channel n and channel n +8n,n+8(n is 1, 5). The correlation coefficient represents that the antenna spacing is twice the vertical spacing of the BS antenna and twice the horizontal spacing of the BS antenna, and the correlation coefficient of the vertical distance of the one-time BS antenna and the correlation coefficient of the horizontal distance of the one-time BS antenna can be obtained through linear interpolation. The former correlation coefficient is the antenna combination weight in the vertical direction, and the latter correlation coefficient is the antenna combination weight in the horizontal direction. This ensures that the antennas included in each channel are approximately co-incident, and that the relatively simple direct addition performance is increased.
And 4, combining each channel by a maximum ratio combining method. The maximal ratio combining method adjusts the carrier phases of all paths before the signals of all paths are combined to enable the carrier phases to be in the same direction and then are added, so that the total output signal-to-noise ratio can be obviously improved.
By adopting the antenna combination method and the antenna combination device, the system performance can be improved to a greater extent.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a storage medium. Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may be configured to store program codes for executing the method steps of the above embodiment:
optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may include, but is not limited to: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic or optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor executes the method steps of the above embodiments according to the program code stored in the storage medium.
Optionally, the specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the above embodiments and optional implementation manners, and this embodiment is not described herein again.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above may be implemented by a general purpose computing device, they may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices, and alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by a computing device, such that they may be stored in a storage device and executed by a computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in an order different than that described herein, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple ones of them may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method of antenna combining, comprising:
determining channel responses of all channels through channel estimation;
determining correlation coefficients of the channel and adjacent channels of the channel according to the channel response of the channel and the channel responses of the adjacent channels of the channel;
obtaining the correlation coefficient of the antenna contained in the channel by an interpolation method according to the correlation coefficient, wherein the conjugate of the correlation coefficient of the antenna is the combined weight of the antenna contained in the channel;
and multiplying the received data of the antenna contained in the channel by the combining weight to obtain an accumulated value as the received data of the channel.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the channel estimation comprises one of:
estimating the channel response by using a least square LS channel estimation method;
and estimating the channel response by using a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) channel estimation method.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the correlation coefficients of the channel and the neighboring channel of the channel according to the channel response of the channel and the channel responses of the neighboring channels of the channel comprises:
the channel response of the channel n is HnThe channel response of the adjacent channel n + m of the channels is Hn+mThe correlation coefficients for channel n and channel n + m are calculated by the following formula:
Figure FDA0000825086390000011
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0000825086390000012
represents the channel response HnThe average value of (a) of (b),
Figure FDA0000825086390000013
represents the channel response Hn+mN and m are positive integers.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the correlation coefficients of the antennas included in the channel by an interpolation method, and the conjugate of the correlation coefficients of the antennas as the combining weights of the antennas included in the channel comprises at least one of:
when the correlation coefficient of the channel represents the correlation coefficient of the vertical spacing of the antennas, obtaining the correlation coefficient of the vertical spacing of the antennas contained in the channel through linear interpolation, and determining the combining weight in the vertical direction of the antennas;
and when the correlation coefficient of the channel represents the correlation coefficient of the horizontal distance of the antenna, obtaining the horizontal distance correlation coefficient of the channel containing the antenna through linear interpolation, and determining the combination weight in the horizontal direction of the antenna.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein before the channel comprises the received data of the antenna multiplied by the accumulation of the combining weights, the method further comprises:
and adjusting the carrier phase corresponding to the channel containing antenna to enable the carriers to be in the same direction.
6. An apparatus for antenna combining, comprising:
the estimation module is used for determining the channel response of each channel through channel estimation;
a correlation coefficient module, configured to determine correlation coefficients of the channel and an adjacent channel of the channel according to a channel response of the channel and a channel response of the adjacent channel;
the interpolation module is used for obtaining the correlation coefficient of the antenna contained in the channel by an interpolation method according to the correlation coefficient, and the conjugate of the correlation coefficient of the antenna is the combined weight of the antenna contained in the channel;
and the merging module is used for multiplying the received data of the antenna contained in the channel by the merging weight to obtain an accumulated value as the received data of the channel.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the channel estimate comprises one of:
estimating the channel response by using a least square LS channel estimation method;
and estimating the channel response by using a Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) channel estimation method.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the correlation coefficient module comprises:
a calculating unit, configured to calculate a correlation coefficient of the channel n and the channel n + m by the following formula:
Figure FDA0000825086390000021
wherein the channel response of the channel n is HnThe channel response of the adjacent channel n + m of the channels is Hn+m，
Figure FDA0000825086390000022
Represents the channel response HnThe average value of (a) of (b),
Figure FDA0000825086390000023
represents the channel response Hn+mN and m are positive integers.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the interpolation module comprises at least one of:
a first interpolation unit, configured to obtain, through linear interpolation, a vertical distance correlation coefficient of an antenna included in the channel when the correlation coefficient of the channel represents a correlation coefficient of a vertical distance between antennas, and determine the combining weight in the vertical direction of the antenna;
and the second interpolation unit is used for obtaining the horizontal distance correlation coefficient of the channel containing the antenna through linear interpolation when the correlation coefficient of the channel represents the correlation coefficient of the horizontal distance of the antenna, and determining the combination weight value of the horizontal direction of the antenna.
10. The apparatus of any one of claims 6 to 9, further comprising:
and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the phase of the carrier wave corresponding to the channel containing the antenna to enable the carrier wave to be in the same direction.
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