WO2022188009A1 - 卷绕式电极组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 - Google Patents

卷绕式电极组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022188009A1
WO2022188009A1 PCT/CN2021/079604 CN2021079604W WO2022188009A1 WO 2022188009 A1 WO2022188009 A1 WO 2022188009A1 CN 2021079604 W CN2021079604 W CN 2021079604W WO 2022188009 A1 WO2022188009 A1 WO 2022188009A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positive electrode
active material
material layer
negative electrode
winding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/079604
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
上官会会
唐代春
杜鑫鑫
白子瑜
秦瑞环
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Priority to HUE21816298A priority Critical patent/HUE061982T2/hu
Priority to PT218162980T priority patent/PT4086996T/pt
Priority to EP21816298.0A priority patent/EP4086996B1/en
Priority to CN202180049678.7A priority patent/CN115777157A/zh
Priority to FIEP21816298.0T priority patent/FI4086996T3/fi
Priority to PCT/CN2021/079604 priority patent/WO2022188009A1/zh
Priority to ES21816298T priority patent/ES2946677T3/es
Priority to JP2023528502A priority patent/JP2023549508A/ja
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP23150012.5A priority patent/EP4184635A1/en
Priority to PL21816298.0T priority patent/PL4086996T3/pl
Priority to KR1020237015804A priority patent/KR20230084559A/ko
Priority to US17/547,535 priority patent/US11862768B2/en
Publication of WO2022188009A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022188009A1/zh
Priority to US18/509,712 priority patent/US20240088449A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular, to a wound electrode assembly, a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, a manufacturing method of an electrode assembly, and a manufacturing device thereof.
  • Lithium-ion batteries have become the mainstream products of secondary batteries due to their outstanding advantages such as high energy density and good cycle performance, and are widely used in portable electrical appliances, power vehicles, mobile phones, spacecraft and other fields.
  • Graphite or silicon is commonly used as the negative electrode material for batteries. Because its lithium intercalation potential is close to that of metallic lithium, under certain conditions, lithium precipitation is prone to occur, which seriously affects the cycle performance of lithium-ion batteries, and may even cause lithium precipitation in severe cases. The formation of lithium dendrites leads to safety problems such as short circuit in the battery.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a wound electrode assembly, a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, a manufacturing method of the electrode assembly, and a manufacturing device thereof, so as to improve the problem of lithium deposition in the battery.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a wound electrode assembly, including a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet; the positive electrode sheet includes a first positive electrode winding end portion and a positive electrode winding middle section that are connected to each other; the negative electrode sheet It includes a first part and a second part that are connected to each other, the first part is arranged opposite to the first positive electrode winding end, and the second part is arranged opposite to the positive electrode winding middle section;
  • the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet, the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part is H1, and the first positive electrode is wound
  • the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer at the end is L1
  • the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the second part is H2
  • the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer in the middle section of the positive electrode winding is L2, H1-L1 >H2-L2.
  • the width difference between the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part and the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer of the first positive electrode winding end is set to be larger than the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the second part.
  • the width difference from the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer in the middle section of the positive electrode winding, that is, the maximum width difference between the positive electrode active material layer at the end of the first positive electrode winding and the negative electrode active material layer in the first part is greater than the negative electrode active material layer in the second part.
  • the maximum width difference between the material layer and the positive electrode active material layer in the middle section of the positive electrode winding reduces the size of the part of the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet along the winding axis that exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet. Lithium risk.
  • the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part is larger than that of the negative electrode active material layer of the second part.
  • the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer is equivalent to the increase of the width of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part relative to the negative electrode active material layer of the second part, which can reduce the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet along the winding axis direction exceeding the positive electrode while ensuring the energy density.
  • the size of the portion of the positive active material layer of the sheet does not meet the design requirements, resulting in the risk of lithium precipitation.
  • the minimum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part is H3, where H3 ⁇ H2.
  • the minimum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part is not less than the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the second part, so as to prevent the negative electrode active material layer of the first part from exceeding the winding end of the first positive electrode along the winding axis direction.
  • the size of the part of the positive electrode active material layer does not meet the design requirements, resulting in lithium precipitation.
  • the width of the negative active material layer of the first part may exceed the width of the diaphragm, and may interfere with the top cover assembly, increasing the risk of short circuit. If the width of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer is insufficient, the size of the portion where the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet along the winding axis direction cannot meet the design requirements. Therefore, 0.3mm ⁇ H1-H2 ⁇ 3mm can not only ensure the safe use of the wound electrode assembly, but also reduce the size of the portion where the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet along the winding axis direction. The risk of lithium precipitation caused by not meeting the design requirements.
  • At least a part of one end of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part exceeds a corresponding end of the negative electrode active material layer of the second part, The other end of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part is flush with the other end of the negative electrode active material layer of the second part.
  • the negative electrode sheet further includes a negative electrode tab, and along the winding axis direction, the negative electrode tab is located at one end of the negative electrode sheet, and the first part of the negative electrode active material layer The end close to the negative electrode tab at least partially protrudes beyond the corresponding end of the negative electrode active material layer of the second part.
  • one end of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part close to the negative electrode lug at least partially exceeds the corresponding end of the negative electrode active material layer of the second part, so that in the process of die-cutting to form the negative electrode ear
  • the negative electrode active material layer of the first part and the negative electrode active material layer of the second part have negative electrode sheets with different widths, that is, the negative electrode active material layer of the first part and the negative electrode of the second part can be formed by using the original forming process of the negative electrode sheet.
  • the active material layer has negative electrode sheets with different widths.
  • the negative electrode sheet further includes a negative electrode tab, the negative electrode tab is located at one end of the negative electrode sheet along the direction of the winding axis, and the first part is close to the negative electrode tab One end of the first part is beyond the corresponding end of the second part, and the other end of the first part is flush with the other end of the second part.
  • the first part and the second part are formed with a negative electrode sheet having a difference in width, that is, the negative electrode sheet having a width difference between the first part and the second part can be formed by using the original forming process of the negative electrode sheet.
  • the first part along the winding direction, has a connection surface connected to the second part; the number of the negative electrode tabs is multiple, and among the multiple negative electrode tabs One of the negative tabs protrudes from the first part along the winding axis direction, and has a first side surface close to the second part, and the first side surface is coplanar with the connection surface.
  • connection surface of the first part is coplanar with one side of the negative electrode tab, so the connection surface is not located between the two negative electrode tabs, which can avoid the first part and the second part during the winding process and after the winding is completed.
  • width of the parts which causes the first part and the second part to lift up and pierce the membrane at the connection position of the first part and the second part.
  • a negative electrode active material layer is provided on the negative electrode tab protruding from the first part, and the negative electrode on the negative electrode tab protruding from the first part is The active material layer is connected to the negative electrode active material layer of the first part.
  • the negative electrode active material layer on the negative electrode lug protruding from the first part is connected with the negative electrode active material layer of the first part, which is equivalent to further increasing the width of the negative electrode active material layer in the partial position of the first part.
  • the size of the portion of the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet beyond the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet does not meet the design requirements, resulting in the risk of lithium precipitation.
  • the wound electrode assembly includes a straight region and two bending regions, and the two bending regions are respectively connected to two ends of the straight region; The first portion passes through the flat region at least twice.
  • the possibility of relative deviation between the winding end of the first positive electrode and the first part is small, and the first part passes through the flat area at least twice, which can reduce the cost as much as possible.
  • the relative offset between the winding end of the first positive electrode and the first part results in that the size of the portion where the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet in the direction of the winding axis does not meet the design requirements, resulting in the risk of lithium precipitation .
  • the positive electrode sheet further includes a second positive electrode winding end portion, and the first positive electrode winding end portion and the second positive electrode winding end portion are respectively connected to the The positive electrode is wound at both ends of the middle section;
  • the negative electrode sheet further includes a third part, the first part and the third part are respectively connected to both ends of the second part, the third part and the third part are respectively connected to the two ends of the second part.
  • the two positive electrode winding ends are oppositely arranged; the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the third part is H4, and the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer of the second positive electrode winding end is L3, H4-L3>H2 -L2.
  • the positive electrode sheet further includes a second positive electrode winding end
  • the negative electrode sheet further includes a third portion
  • the second positive electrode winding end portion and the third portion are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the third part is larger than that of the negative electrode active material layer of the second part.
  • the maximum width of the material layer is equivalent to the increase in the width of the negative electrode active material layer of the third part relative to the negative electrode active material layer of the second part, which can reduce the negative electrode activity of the negative electrode sheet in the direction of the winding axis while ensuring the energy density.
  • the size of the portion of the material layer beyond the positive active material layer of the positive electrode sheet does not meet the design requirements, resulting in the risk of lithium deposition.
  • the minimum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the third part is H5, where H5 ⁇ H2.
  • the minimum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the third part is not less than the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the second part, reducing the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet in the winding axis direction to exceed the positive electrode activity of the positive electrode sheet.
  • the size of the part of the material layer does not meet the design requirements, causing the risk of lithium precipitation.
  • the maximum width of the positive electrode active material layer at the winding end of the first positive electrode is L4, and the maximum width of the positive electrode active material layer in the middle portion of the positive electrode winding is L5, L4 ⁇ L5.
  • the maximum width of the positive active material layer at the winding end of the first positive electrode is smaller than the maximum width of the positive active material layer in the middle section of the positive winding, so that the positive active material layer at the winding end of the first positive electrode and the
  • the maximum width difference of a part of the negative electrode active material layer is greater than the maximum width difference of the negative electrode active material layer of the second part and the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode winding middle section, by changing the width of the first positive electrode winding end of the positive electrode sheet, It reduces the possibility that the size of the portion of the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet that exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet in the direction of the winding axis does not meet the design requirements, resulting in lithium precipitation.
  • one end of the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode winding middle section at least partially extends beyond the positive electrode active material at the first positive electrode winding end portion
  • the other end of the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode winding middle section is flush with the other end of the positive electrode active material layer of the first positive electrode winding end portion.
  • one end of the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode winding middle section at least partially exceeds the corresponding end of the positive electrode active material layer of the first positive electrode winding end, and the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode winding middle section is The other end of the material layer is flush with the other end of the positive active material layer at the winding end of the first positive electrode, so that the positive active material layer at the winding end of the first positive electrode is opposite to the positive active material layer in the middle section of the positive electrode winding.
  • One side in the direction of the winding axis is widened, so that the positive electrode sheet is formed in a simple manner and the processing difficulty is reduced.
  • the positive electrode sheet further includes a positive electrode tab, the positive electrode tab is located at one end of the positive electrode sheet along the winding axis direction, and the positive electrode is wound around the positive electrode in the middle section The end of the active material layer close to the positive electrode tab at least partially protrudes beyond the corresponding end of the positive electrode active material layer at the winding end of the first positive electrode.
  • forming the positive electrode active material layer of the first positive electrode winding end and the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode winding middle section have a positive electrode sheet with a difference in width, that is, the first positive electrode winding end can be formed by using the original forming process of the positive electrode sheet
  • the positive electrode active material layer in the portion and the positive electrode active material layer in the middle portion of the positive electrode winding have positive electrode sheets with different widths.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including the wound electrode assembly provided according to any embodiment of the first aspect.
  • the battery cell includes the wound electrode assembly provided in any embodiment of the first aspect, and the battery cell is caused by the part of the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet extending beyond the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet along the winding axis direction.
  • the size does not meet the design requirements and the possibility of lithium precipitation is small.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including the battery cell provided by an embodiment of the second aspect.
  • the battery includes the battery cell provided in the embodiment of the second aspect, and the battery is caused by the size of the portion of the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet extending beyond the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet along the winding axis direction that does not meet the design requirements. Lithium precipitation is less likely.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including the battery cell provided according to the embodiment of the second aspect.
  • the electrical equipment includes the battery cell provided by the embodiment of the second aspect, and the battery cell of the electrical equipment is due to the part of the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet extending beyond the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet along the winding axis direction.
  • the size does not meet the design requirements and the possibility of lithium precipitation is small.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a wound electrode assembly, including: providing a positive electrode sheet, the positive electrode sheet including: a first positive electrode winding end portion and a positive electrode winding middle section connected to each other; providing A negative electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet includes: a first part and a second part that are connected to each other; the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are wound to form the wound electrode assembly, so that the first part and the A positive electrode winding end is oppositely arranged, and the second portion is arranged opposite to the positive electrode winding middle section; wherein, along the winding axis direction of the wound electrode assembly, the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet is Beyond the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet, the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part is H1, the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer of the first positive electrode winding end is L1, and the second The maximum width of part of the negative electrode active material layer is H2, and the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer in the
  • the width difference between the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part of the negative electrode sheet and the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer of the first positive electrode winding end of the positive electrode sheet provided is greater than the second width of the negative electrode sheet.
  • the difference between the maximum width of part of the negative electrode active material layer and the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode winding middle section of the positive electrode sheet can reduce the first part and the first positive electrode winding caused by winding technology, winding equipment, etc.
  • the relative offset of the winding end makes the size of the portion of the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet beyond the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet along the winding axis direction does not meet the design requirements, resulting in the risk of lithium deposition.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a manufacturing equipment for a wound electrode assembly, including a first providing device, a second providing device, and an assembling device, the first providing device is configured to provide a positive electrode sheet, the positive electrode the sheet includes a first positive winding end portion and a positive winding middle section that are connected to each other; the second providing means is configured to provide a negative electrode sheet that includes a first portion and a second portion that are connected to each other; the assembly The device is configured to wind the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet such that the first portion is disposed opposite the first positive electrode winding end and the second portion is opposite the positive electrode winding middle section Wherein, along the winding axis direction of the wound electrode assembly, the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet, and the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part is is H1, the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer at the end of the first positive electrode winding is L1, the maximum width of the negative electrode active
  • the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet provided by the first providing device and the second providing device can reduce the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet along the winding axis direction exceeding the positive electrode during the process of winding to form the wound electrode assembly.
  • the size of the portion of the positive active material layer of the sheet does not meet the design requirements, resulting in the risk of lithium precipitation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wound electrode assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view along the P0-P0 direction of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly in which the first positive electrode winding end is the end portion of the positive electrode winding provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly in which the maximum width position of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part and the minimum width position of the positive electrode active material layer of the first positive electrode winding end are staggered from each other according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly corresponding to the maximum width position of the negative electrode active material layer of the first part and the minimum width position of the positive electrode active material layer of the first positive electrode winding end according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet with one end of the first part extending beyond the second part according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of die-cutting to form a negative electrode sheet in the prior art
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of one end of the first part extending beyond the negative electrode sheet of the second part according to other embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a first part of a negative electrode sheet of unequal width provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a first part of a negative electrode sheet with unequal widths provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet with a sloped connection surface provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet with a first side surface and a connection surface that are not coplanar according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet connected to the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode tab and the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode body according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • 21 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 19 in the direction of P1-P1;
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of electrode assemblies provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 21 along P2-P2 in some cases.
  • Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view taken along the P2-P2 direction of Figure 21 in other cases;
  • 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly with a first extension provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly with a first extension provided by other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of electrode assemblies provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • 29 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet having a first part, a second part and a third part provided by some embodiments of the present application;
  • Figure 30 is a sectional view taken along the line P3-P3 of Figure 28;
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic structural diagram of a wound electrode assembly provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 32 is a sectional view taken along the line P4-P4 of Figure 29;
  • FIG. 33 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 34 is a cross-sectional view taken along P5-P5 of Figure 31 in some cases;
  • Figure 35 is a cross-sectional view taken along P5-P5 of Figure 31 in other cases;
  • 36 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly with a second extension provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 37 is a schematic structural diagram of a positive electrode sheet provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • 39 is a schematic structural diagram of a positive electrode sheet provided by further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 40 provides a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 41 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a manufacturing apparatus of an electrode assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected” and “attached” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
  • plural refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped, or other shapes, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square-shaped battery cells, and soft-pack battery cells, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the batteries mentioned in this application may include battery modules or battery packs, and the like.
  • Batteries typically include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator.
  • the battery cell mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative plates to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the diaphragm can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene) or the like.
  • the electrode assembly is a wound structure.
  • Lithium precipitation is one of the main factors affecting the electrical performance and safety performance of the battery. Once lithium precipitation occurs, it will not only reduce the electrical performance of the battery, but also easily form dendrites with the accumulation of lithium precipitation. The separator may be punctured, causing a short circuit in the battery, causing a safety hazard. There are many reasons for the precipitation of lithium.
  • the wound-type electrode assembly formed by winding is pulled out from the winding needle, the structural error of the winding device or the positive electrode sheet.
  • the head and the head of the negative plate are not bound, which is easy to cause the relative deviation of the head of the positive plate and the head of the negative plate, so that the size of the part of the negative plate beyond the positive plate along the winding axis direction does not meet the design requirements.
  • the electrode assembly needs to transfer the heat pressure. During the transfer process, the tail of the positive electrode and the tail of the negative electrode are likely to be offset relative to each other, so that the size of the part of the negative electrode beyond the positive electrode along the winding axis is not equal. meet design requirements.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a technical solution, by making the maximum width difference between the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet at the head or the tail position and the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet larger than that of the negative electrode active material layer and the positive electrode sheet in the middle section
  • the maximum width difference of the positive electrode active material layer is to reduce the risk of lithium precipitation caused by the size of the portion of the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet extending beyond the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet along the winding axis direction that does not meet the design requirements.
  • Electrical equipment can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, and so on.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed Electric toys that are portable or mobile, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembling power tools and railway power tools, such as, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, electric impact drills, concrete vibrators and electric planers, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not impose special restrictions on the above-mentioned electrical equipment.
  • the electric device is a vehicle 1000 as an example for description.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the interior of the vehicle 1000 is provided with the battery 100 , and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom or the head or the rear of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300 for controlling the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , eg, for starting, navigating, and running the vehicle 1000 for work power requirements.
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1000 , but also can be used as the driving power source of the vehicle 1000 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 instead or partially instead of fuel or natural gas.
  • the battery 100 includes a case body 10 and a battery cell 20 , the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the case body 10 , the case body 10 provides an accommodation space for the battery cell 20 , and the case body 10 includes a first case body portion 11 and the second case portion 12 , the first case portion 11 and the second case portion 12 are configured to jointly define an accommodation space for accommodating the battery cells 20 .
  • the battery 100 there may be one battery cell 20 or a plurality of battery cells 20 . If there are a plurality of battery cells 20, the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series or in parallel or in a mixed connection. A mixed connection means that the plurality of battery cells 20 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • the plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole formed by the plurality of battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box 10; of course, the plurality of battery cells 20 can also be connected in series first.
  • a battery module is formed in parallel or in a mixed connection, and a plurality of battery modules are connected in series or in parallel or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box 10 .
  • the battery cells 20 may be cylindrical, flat, or other shapes, or the like.
  • the battery 100 may further include a bus component (not shown in the figure), and the plurality of battery cells 20 may be electrically connected through the bus component, so as to realize the series or parallel connection of the plurality of battery cells 20 . mixed.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 , an end cap assembly 22 and an electrode assembly 23 .
  • the casing 21 has an opening, the electrode assembly 23 is accommodated in the casing 21 , and the end cap assembly 22 is used to cover the opening.
  • the housing 21 may have various shapes, such as cylindrical, flat, and the like.
  • the shape of the casing 21 may be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 23 . For example, if the electrode assembly 23 has a cylindrical structure, the casing 21 can be selected as a cylindrical structure; if the electrode assembly 23 is a flat structure, the casing 21 can be selected as a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
  • the material of the housing 21 can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc., which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 23 of the battery cell 20 may be one or a plurality of them.
  • FIG. 3 exemplarily shows a battery cell 20 in which the casing 21 is a rectangular parallelepiped and the two electrode assemblies 23 are flat. In FIG. 3, two electrode assemblies 23 are arranged side by side.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wound electrode assembly 23 according to some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line P0 - P0 in FIG. 4
  • the electrode assembly 23 includes a positive electrode sheet 231 , a negative electrode sheet 232 and a separator 233 .
  • the positive electrode sheet 231 , the negative electrode sheet 232 and the separator 233 are stacked and wound along the winding direction A to form the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the separator 233 is used to isolate the positive electrode sheet 231 and the negative electrode sheet 232 to avoid short circuit inside the battery 100 or the battery cell 20 .
  • the positive electrode sheet 231 includes a positive electrode tab 2311 and a positive electrode body 2312, the positive electrode body 2312 of the positive electrode sheet 231 includes a first positive electrode winding end 23121 and a positive electrode winding middle section 23122 that are connected to each other, and the positive electrode tab 2311 protrudes along the winding axis direction B
  • the negative electrode sheet 232 includes a negative electrode body 2322 and a negative electrode tab 2321, the negative electrode body 2322 of the negative electrode sheet 232 includes a first part 23221 and a second part 23222 that are connected to each other, and the negative electrode tab 2321 protrudes from the negative electrode along the winding axis direction B Body 2322.
  • the positive electrode tab 2311 may or may not protrude from the positive electrode body 2312.
  • the positive electrode tab 2311 may protrude from the positive electrode body 2312 along the thickness direction; if the positive electrode lugs 2311 are formed by die-cutting the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode lugs 2311 may not protrude from the positive electrode body 2312 .
  • the negative electrode tab 2321 may or may not protrude from the negative electrode body 2322.
  • the negative electrode tab 2321 is welded to one end of the negative electrode body 2322 along the winding axis direction B, the negative electrode The lugs 2321 may protrude from the negative electrode body 2322 in the thickness direction; if the negative electrode lugs 2321 are formed by die-cutting the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode lugs 2321 may not protrude from the negative electrode body 2322 .
  • the thickness direction of the positive electrode sheet 231 is perpendicular to the winding axis direction B of the electrode assembly 23
  • the thickness direction of the negative electrode sheet 232 is perpendicular to the winding axis direction B of the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the first part 23221 is arranged opposite to the first positive electrode winding end 23121, and the second part 23222 is arranged opposite to the positive electrode winding middle section 23122; along the winding axis direction B of the wound electrode assembly 23, the negative electrode active material of the negative electrode sheet 232 layer beyond the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet 231, the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part is H1, the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a of the first positive electrode winding end is L1, and the negative electrode active material layer of the second part
  • the maximum width of the material layer 23222a is H2, and the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle section of the positive electrode winding is L2, and H1-L1>H2-L2.
  • the width difference between the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part and the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode is larger than the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part and the positive electrode
  • the width difference between the minimum widths of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle part of the winding that is, the maximum width difference between the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode and the negative electrode active material layer 23221a in the first part is larger than that in the second part of the negative electrode
  • the maximum width difference between the active material layer 23222a and the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle section of the positive electrode winding reduces the size difference of the portion of the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet 232 that exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet 231 along the winding axis direction B. The risk of lithium precipitation caused by meeting the design requirements.
  • the width of the positive electrode active material of the positive electrode sheet 231 and the width of the negative electrode active material of the negative electrode sheet 232 both refer to the dimension along the winding axis direction B of the wound electrode assembly 23 .
  • the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part refers to the maximum size of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part along the winding axis direction B;
  • the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode refers to the minimum size of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode along the winding axis direction B;
  • the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part refers to the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a
  • the maximum size along the winding axis direction B; the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle section of the positive electrode winding refers to the minimum size along the winding axis direction B of
  • the maximum width difference refers to the difference between the maximum width and the minimum width, and the maximum width difference between the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode and the negative electrode active material layer 23221a at the first part refers to H1-L1;
  • the difference between the maximum widths of the two-part negative electrode active material layer 23222a and the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle of the positive electrode winding is referred to as H2-L2.
  • the first positive electrode winding end 23121 is the beginning of the positive electrode winding
  • the first positive electrode winding end 23121 is the starting end of the positive electrode winding starting segment 23121b starts to wind the positive electrode body 2312 for a distance along the winding direction A of the wound electrode assembly
  • the positive electrode winding middle section 23122 is the end of the first positive electrode winding end 23121 (the end of the positive electrode winding starting section).
  • the portion with the larger line width shown in the illustration of the present application is the portion where the width of the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet 232 increases, and does not mean that the thickness of the portion with the larger line width of the negative electrode sheet 232 is thicker than that of the negative electrode sheet 232
  • the portion with the smaller width is thicker, and when the electrode assembly is wound, the thickness direction of the negative electrode sheet 232 is perpendicular to the winding axis direction B of the electrode assembly 23 .
  • the first portion 23221 is disposed opposite to the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121, that is, the first portion 23221 is disposed opposite to the positive electrode winding starting segment, which is further explained as the starting end 23221d of the first portion and the starting end 23121b of the positive electrode winding starting segment.
  • the end 23221e of the first part corresponds to the end 23121c of the positive electrode winding starting section.
  • the positive electrode active material layer at the positive electrode winding start end and the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part satisfy: H1-L1>H2-L2, which can reduce the cost of Inaccurate material position, the wound electrode assembly formed by winding is drawn out from the winding needle, the structural error of the winding device, or the positive electrode winding starting section and the first part 23221 are not bound, so that the positive electrode winding starting section and the first part are not bound.
  • the relative offset of the first portion 23221 causes the possibility that the size of the portion of the negative electrode sheet 232 extending beyond the positive electrode sheet 231 along the winding axis direction B does not meet the design requirements.
  • the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 is a positive electrode winding end portion, and the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 is a winding type starting from the end 23121d of the positive electrode winding end portion.
  • the positive electrode body 2312 is wound for a distance in the opposite direction of the winding direction A of the electrode assembly 23, and the positive electrode winding middle section 23122 is the starting end of the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 (the starting end 23121e of the positive electrode winding ending section)
  • the positive electrode body 2312 is connected and wound for a distance in a direction opposite to the winding direction A of the wound electrode assembly 23 .
  • the first part 23221 is arranged opposite to the first positive electrode winding end 23121, that is, the first part 23221 is arranged opposite to the positive electrode winding end section. It is further explained that the first part end 23221e corresponds to the positive electrode winding end section 23121d, A portion of the start end 23221d corresponds to the start end 23121e of the positive winding end portion.
  • the positive electrode active material layer at the end of the positive electrode winding and the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part satisfy: H1-L1>H2-L2, which can reduce the tension in the first part 23221 after the negative electrode sheet 232 is cut off when the winding is about to end. After the winding is completed, the electrode assembly 23 needs to transfer the heat pressure.
  • the first part 23221 is offset relative to the end of the positive electrode winding, resulting in the size of the portion of the negative electrode sheet 232 that exceeds the positive electrode sheet 231 along the winding axis direction B. Possibility of not meeting design requirements.
  • each position on the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode has a corresponding position on the negative electrode active material layer 23221a in the first part.
  • the maximum width position of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part and the minimum width position of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode are staggered from each other.
  • M1 is the position with the largest width of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part
  • N1 is the position with the smallest width of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a of the first positive electrode winding end
  • M1 and N1 Staggered in winding direction A M1 and N1 Staggered in winding direction A.
  • dashed lines other than the dashed line representing the diaphragm 233 are only used to clarify the relative positional relationship between M1 and N1 .
  • the maximum width position of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first portion corresponds to the minimum width position of the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121.
  • M2 is the position with the largest width of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part
  • N2 is the position with the smallest width of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a of the first positive electrode winding end
  • M2 and N2 phase correspond.
  • the dashed lines other than the dashed line representing the diaphragm 233 are only used to clarify the relative positional relationship between M2 and N2.
  • the maximum width difference between the positive electrode active material layer 23121a of the first positive electrode winding end and the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part is larger than that of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part and the positive electrode active material layer 23122a of the middle part of the positive electrode winding.
  • the maximum width difference can be improved by modifying the negative electrode sheet 232, the positive electrode sheet 231 or the positive electrode sheet 231 and the negative electrode sheet 232 at the same time.
  • the structure of the negative electrode sheet 232 is improved to realize that the maximum width difference between the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode and the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part is larger than the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the second part.
  • the maximum width of the material layer 23222a and the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle stage of the positive electrode winding is different.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the negative electrode sheet 232 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the width difference between the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part and the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part H1>H2, which is equivalent to the width of the first part.
  • the width of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a is increased relative to the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a, which can reduce the positive activity of the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet 232 along the winding axis direction B beyond the positive electrode sheet 231 under the condition of ensuring the energy density.
  • the size of the part of the material layer does not meet the design requirements, causing the risk of lithium precipitation.
  • the minimum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first portion is H3, where H3 ⁇ H2.
  • the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part is larger than the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part, and the minimum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part is not smaller than the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part , it can reduce that the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part along the winding axis direction B exceeds the positive electrode active material layer 23121a of the first positive electrode winding end due to the relative offset between the first positive electrode winding end 23121 and the first part The size of the part does not meet the design requirements, resulting in the possibility of lithium precipitation.
  • the width of the first part 23221 When the width of the first part 23221 is too large, it may exceed the width of the diaphragm 233 and may interfere with the end cap assembly 22 (as shown in FIG. 3 ), increasing the risk of short circuit. If the width of the first part 23221 is too small, it is easy to Affected by the tolerance of the winding equipment, the function of covering the first positive electrode winding end 23121 cannot be achieved. In some embodiments, 0.3mm ⁇ H1-H2 ⁇ 3mm, which can not only ensure the safe use of the wound electrode assembly 23, but also enable the first part 23221 of the negative electrode sheet 232 to cover the first positive electrode winding end 23121, reducing the risk of edge damage.
  • the size of the portion where the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet 232 in the winding axis direction B exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet 231 does not meet the design requirements. In some embodiments, 0.3mm ⁇ H1-H2 ⁇ 1.5mm.
  • both ends of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a extend beyond the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a at both ends.
  • the dotted line in FIG. 9 is only for distinguishing the first part 23221 and the second part 23222 , and does not affect the structure of the negative electrode sheet 232 .
  • one end of the first portion of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a extends beyond the second portion of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a
  • the other end of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part is flush with the other end of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part.
  • the dotted line in FIG. 10 is only for distinguishing the first part 23221 and the second part 23222 , and does not affect the structure of the negative electrode sheet 232 .
  • the one end of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a that exceeds the corresponding end of the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a means that one end of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a along the winding axis direction exceeds the negative electrode active material of the second part
  • the negative electrode tab 2321 is located at one end of the negative electrode sheet 232, and the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a is close to the negative electrode tab
  • One end of the 2321 exceeds the corresponding end of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part, and the other end of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part is flush with the other end of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part.
  • the other end of the part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a and the other end of the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a are on the same plane.
  • one end of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a close to the negative electrode lug 2321 all exceeds the corresponding end of the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a, and the other end of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a is the same as the second part.
  • the other ends of the two-part negative electrode active material layers 23222a are flush.
  • the negative electrode sheet 232 is formed by, as shown in FIG. 11 , coating the negative electrode active material layer with the same width on the negative electrode current collector, and then die-cutting the negative electrode tabs 2321 on both sides of the negative electrode current collector in the width direction C. Then, cut from the middle position in the width direction C to form two negative electrode tabs 232 with one side out of the negative electrode tab 2321 , that is, die-cut along the dashed line in FIG. 11 to form two negative electrode tabs 232 .
  • One end of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a close to the negative electrode tab 2321 and beyond the corresponding end of the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a can form the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a and
  • the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part has the negative electrode sheet 232 with a difference in width, that is, the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part and the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part can be formed by using the original forming process of the negative electrode sheet 232 to have widths Bad negative electrode.
  • the width direction C of the negative electrode current collector is consistent with the winding axis direction B of the electrode assembly.
  • the end of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a away from the negative electrode tab 2321 may at least partially extend beyond the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a.
  • the corresponding end of the part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a and the other end of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a are flush with the other end of the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a.
  • the dotted line in FIG. 12 is only for distinguishing the first part 23221 and the second part 23222 , and does not affect the structure of the negative electrode sheet 232 .
  • the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a has a widened structure, so the width of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a is not uniform.
  • the negative electrode active material layer 23221a which is the first part of the widened structure, has various structural forms.
  • the width of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a gradually increases along the direction away from the second part 23222, and the width of any position of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a is larger than that of the second part of the negative electrode active material layer The maximum width of 23222a.
  • the dotted line in FIG. 13 is only for distinguishing the first part 23221 and the second part 23222 , and does not affect the structure of the negative electrode sheet 232 .
  • the width of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a is smaller than the width of other parts of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part.
  • the width of the active material layer is greater than the width of the negative electrode active material layer where the first portion 23221 is connected to the negative electrode tab 2321 .
  • H3>H2 the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a is close to the negative electrode tab 2321
  • One end of the second part is all beyond the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part.
  • the dotted line in FIG. 14 is only for distinguishing the first part 23221 and the second part 23222 , and does not affect the structure of the negative electrode sheet 232 .
  • the maximum width of the anode active material layer 23221a of the first part is larger than the maximum width of the anode active material layer 23222a of the second part, the minimum width of the anode active material layer 23221a of the first part is not smaller than that of the anode active material layer 23222a of the second part The maximum width can reduce the possibility of lithium precipitation. Then along the winding axis direction B, the width of the negative electrode current collector 23221b of the first part and the width of the negative electrode current collector 23222b of the second part may be the same or different.
  • the widths of the negative current collector 23221b of the first part and the negative current collector 23222b of the second part are the same,
  • One end of a part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a close to the negative electrode tab 2321 is flush with the corresponding end of the first part of the negative electrode current collector 23221b, and the other end of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a corresponds to the first part of the negative electrode current collector 23221b one end of the second part of the negative electrode current collector 23222b close to the negative electrode lug 2321 exceeds the corresponding end of the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a, the other end of the second part of the negative electrode current collector 23222b and the second part of the negative electrode
  • the corresponding end of the active material layer 23222a is flush; the end of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a close to the negative
  • one end of the negative electrode current collector 23221b of the first part away from the negative electrode tab 2321 exceeds the negative electrode active material layer of the first part One end corresponding to 23221a, the other end of the negative electrode current collector 23221b of the first part is flush with the other end of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part; the end of the negative electrode current collector 23222b of the second part away from the negative electrode tab 2321 exceeds the negative electrode of the second part One end corresponding to the active material layer 23222a, the other end of the second part of the negative electrode current collector 23222b is flush with the corresponding end of the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a; one end of the first part of the negative electrode current collector 23221b away from the negative electrode tab 2321 is aligned with the first part.
  • One end of the two parts of the negative electrode current collector 23222b away from the negative electrode tab 2321 is flush; One end of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a close to the negative electrode tab 2321 extends beyond the corresponding end of the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a.
  • one end of the first portion 23221 close to the negative electrode tab 2321 extends beyond the corresponding end of the second portion 23222.
  • the first portion The other end of the 23221 is flush with the other end of the second part 23222.
  • one end of the first part of the negative electrode current collector 23221b close to the negative electrode tab 2321 exceeds the corresponding end of the second part of the negative electrode current collector 23222b, and the other end of the first part of the negative electrode current collector 23221b and the second part of the negative electrode current collector 23222b The other end is flush; one end of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part close to the negative electrode lug 2321 exceeds the corresponding end of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part, and the other end of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part is connected to the negative electrode of the second part.
  • the other end of the active material layer 23222a is flush; the end of the first part of the negative electrode current collector 23221b close to the negative electrode lug 2321 is flush with the end of the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a close to the negative electrode lug 2321, and the other end of the first part of the negative electrode current collector 23221b is flush.
  • One end is flush with the other end of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part; the end of the negative electrode current collector 23222b of the second part close to the negative electrode ear 2321 is flush with the end of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part close to the negative electrode ear 2321, The other end of the two-part negative electrode current collector 23222b is flush with the other end of the second-part negative electrode active material layer 23222a.
  • the negative electrode sheet 232 is not only convenient for coating the negative electrode active material layer, but also can form the negative electrode sheet 232 with the width difference between the first part 23221 and the second part 23222 during the process of die cutting to form the negative electrode tab 2321, that is, using the original negative electrode sheet 232 In some molding processes, a negative electrode sheet with a width difference between the first part 23221 and the second part 23222 can be formed.
  • the first part 23221 has a connection surface 23221c connected with the second part 23222 ; the number of negative tabs 2321 is multiple, one of the plurality of negative tabs 2321
  • the negative electrode tab 2321 protrudes from the first part 23221 along the winding axis direction B, and has a first side surface 2321a close to the second part 23222, and the first side surface 2321a and the connecting surface 23221c are coplanar.
  • the connecting surface 23221c connecting the first part 23221 and the second part 23222 is coplanar with one side of the negative electrode tab 2321, which can prevent the connecting surface 23221c from being lifted due to no binding during the winding process and after the winding is completed, thereby piercing the diaphragm 233.
  • the extension direction of the first side surface 2321a is consistent with the winding axis direction B, and the connecting surface 23221c is aligned with the direction B of the winding axis.
  • the plane parallel to the first side surface 2321a, that is, the extending direction of the connecting surface 23221c is consistent with the direction B of the winding axis.
  • the first side surface 2321a is an inclined surface that gradually slopes toward the second portion 23222 from top to bottom in the figure
  • the connecting surface 23221c is also an inclined surface.
  • the connecting surface The 23221c gradually slopes toward the second portion 23222 from the end close to the negative electrode tab 2321.
  • connection surface 23221c may also be located between two adjacent negative electrode tabs 2321 and not coplanar with the side surface of any negative electrode tab 2321 .
  • the number of the negative electrode tab 2321 may also be one, and the first side surface 2321a of the negative electrode tab 2321 and the connection surface 23221c are coplanar or non-coplanar.
  • the negative electrode tab 2321 protruding from the first part 23221 is provided with a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is formed from the first part 23221.
  • a portion of the negative electrode active material layer 2321b of the protruding negative electrode tab 23221 is connected to the first portion of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a.
  • the negative electrode active material layer on the negative electrode tab 2321 can also play the role of covering the positive electrode sheet 231, which is equivalent to further increasing the width of the negative electrode active material layer at the partial position of the first part 23221, which can further reduce the winding axis direction B
  • the size of the portion of the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet 232 that exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet 231 does not meet the design requirements, resulting in the risk of lithium precipitation.
  • the wound electrode assembly 23 includes a straight area I and two bending areas II, and the two bending areas II are connected to two ends of the straight area I respectively.
  • the first portion 23221 passes through the flat zone I at least twice. In practice, after the first part 23221 passes through the flat zone I twice, the winding length is close to one circle, and when entering the next circle of winding, the starting end 23121b of the positive electrode winding starting section and the starting end of the negative electrode sheet 232 are wound.
  • the relative offset between the positive electrode winding end portion 23121 and the first portion 23221 causes the portion of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the first positive electrode winding end portion to exceed the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first portion along the winding axis direction B.
  • the size of the portion does not meet the design requirements The possibility of lithium precipitation due to demand.
  • the inner and outer sides of the positive electrode current collector of the positive electrode sheet 231 are coated with a positive electrode active material layer, and the width of the positive electrode active material layers on the inner and outer sides of the positive electrode current collector of the positive electrode sheet 231 may be the same or different.
  • Both the inner and outer sides of the fluid are coated with negative electrode active material layers, and the widths of the negative electrode active material layers on the inner and outer sides of the negative electrode current collector of the negative electrode sheet 232 may be the same or different.
  • the width of the first portion of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a and the width of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the first positive electrode winding end portion may only be that the first portion 23221 faces the negative electrode of the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 Comparing the width of the active material layer with that of the positive electrode active material layer facing the first portion 23221 of the first positive electrode winding end 23121, only the width of the negative electrode active material layer of the first portion 23221 facing the first positive electrode winding end 23121 can be increased, to satisfy H1-L1>H2-L2.
  • the inner and outer sides of the positive current collector of the positive electrode sheet 231 and the negative electrode current collector of the negative electrode sheet 232 are relative to the winding axis, and the side of the positive electrode current collector of the positive electrode sheet 231 close to the winding axis is the positive electrode sheet 231
  • the inner side of the positive electrode current collector, the side of the positive electrode sheet 231 away from the winding axis is the outer side of the positive electrode current collector of the positive electrode sheet 231, and the side of the negative electrode current collector of the negative electrode sheet 232 close to the winding axis is the negative electrode current collector of the negative electrode sheet 232
  • the side of the negative electrode current collector of the negative electrode sheet 232 away from the winding axis is the outer side of the negative electrode current collector of the negative electrode sheet 232 .
  • the first portion 23221 passes through the flat area I twice, and the first positive electrode winding end 23121 passes through the flat area I twice, and is located at the edge of the flat area I twice.
  • the negative electrode active material layer on the outer side of the negative electrode current collector 23221b of the first part faces the positive electrode active material on the inner side of the positive electrode current collector 23121f of the first positive electrode winding end, which can only widen the negative electrode located in the first part of the flat region I twice.
  • the negative electrode active material layer outside the current collector 23221b satisfies: H1-L1>H2-L2.
  • the first part 23221 passes through the flattening area I three times, which are the first straightening area and the second straightening area according to the order of passing (first ⁇ last).
  • the third straight area if the first positive electrode winding end 23121 passes through the straight area I twice, then the negative active material layer located on the inner side of the negative current collector 23221b in the first part of the third straight area faces the The positive electrode active material layer on the outer side of the positive electrode current collector 23121f at the first positive electrode winding end of the first flattening region is located on the side of the negative electrode current collector 23221b in the first part of the first and second flattening regions
  • the negative electrode active material layer on the outside faces the positive electrode active material layer on the inside of the positive electrode current collector 23121f at the winding end of the first positive electrode, then along the winding axis direction B, it is possible to widen only the first flat area and the second The negative electrode active material layer on the outer side of the
  • the negative electrode active material layers on the inner and outer sides of the negative electrode current collector 23221b located in the first part of the third flat region respectively face the negative electrode active material layers located in the first part of the third flat region.
  • the positive electrode active material layer on the outer side of the positive electrode current collector 23121f at the first positive electrode winding end of the first flat region and the positive electrode active material layer on the inner side of the positive electrode current collector 23121f at the first positive electrode winding end of the third flat region faces the first and second flat regions.
  • the positive active material layer on the inner side of the positive current collector 23121f at the winding end of the first positive electrode can only widen the negative electrode located in the first part of the first and second flat regions along the winding axis direction.
  • the negative electrode active material layer on the outer side of the current collector 23221b, and the negative electrode active material layers on the inner and outer sides of the negative electrode current collector 23221b located in the first part of the third flattening region to satisfy H1-L1>H2-L2.
  • the wound electrode assembly 23 is a cylindrical electrode assembly 23, and the first portion 23221 is wound at least once.
  • the negative electrode body 2322 further includes a first extension portion 23224 .
  • the first extension portion 23224 is connected to the end of the first portion 23221 away from the second portion 23222, and the first extension portion 23224 extends beyond the starting end of the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 ( The start end 23121b) of the positive electrode winding start segment.
  • the width of the negative electrode active material layer of the first extension portion 23224 along the winding axis direction B may or may not increase relative to the width of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second portion.
  • the negative electrode active material layer of the first extension portion 23224 has an increased width relative to the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second portion (please refer to FIG. 23 ). As shown in FIG. 26 , the width of the negative electrode active material layer of the first extension portion 23224 is not increased relative to the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second portion.
  • the first extension portion 23224 is protruded with the negative electrode tab 2321 , then along the winding direction A, the negative electrode active material layers on both sides of the negative electrode tab 2321 of the first extension portion 23224 are opposite to each other.
  • the width of the anode active material layer 23222a of the second portion is increased.
  • the width of the negative electrode active material layer on both sides of the negative electrode tab 2321 of the first extension portion 23224 is increased relative to the width of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a on only one side of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a.
  • the positive electrode body 2312 of the positive electrode sheet 231 further includes a second positive electrode winding end portion 23123, and the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 and the second positive electrode winding end portion 23123 are respectively connected to The positive electrode is wound around both ends of the middle section 23122.
  • the negative electrode body 2322 of the negative electrode sheet 232 also includes a third part 23223, the first part 23221 and the third part 23223 are respectively connected to both ends of the second part 23222, and the third part 23223 and the second positive electrode winding end 23123 are arranged oppositely;
  • the maximum width of the three-part negative electrode active material layer 23223a is H4, and the minimum width of the positive electrode active material layer 23123a at the winding end of the second positive electrode is L3, H4-L3>H2-L2.
  • the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 is the beginning portion of the positive electrode winding
  • the second positive electrode winding end portion 23123 is the end portion of the positive electrode winding.
  • the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 is the positive electrode body 2312 that is wound for a certain distance along the winding direction A of the wound electrode assembly 23 from the starting end 23121b of the positive electrode winding starting section, and the positive electrode winding middle section 23122
  • the positive electrode body 2312 is connected to the end of the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 (the end 23121c of the positive electrode winding starting section) and is wound for a distance along the winding direction A of the wound electrode assembly 23 .
  • the second positive electrode winding end portion 23123 is wound for a distance from the end 23121d of the positive electrode winding end portion (the end of the second positive electrode winding end portion 23123 ) in the opposite direction of the winding direction A of the wound electrode assembly 23
  • the positive electrode body 2312, the positive electrode winding middle section 23122 is connected with the starting end of the second positive electrode winding end portion 23123 (the starting end 23121e of the positive electrode winding ending section) and is along the winding direction A of the wound electrode assembly 23.
  • the positive electrode body 2312 is wound in the opposite direction for a distance.
  • the third portion 23223 and the second positive electrode winding end portion 23123 are arranged opposite to each other, that is, the third portion 23223 is arranged opposite to the positive electrode winding end portion, which is further explained as the starting end 23223b of the third portion and the second positive electrode winding end portion 23123
  • the end 23223c of the third part corresponds to the end of the second positive coil end 23123 (the end 23121d of the end of the positive coil winding).
  • the maximum width difference between the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the end of the first positive electrode winding and the negative electrode active material layer 23221a in the first part is larger than the maximum width difference between the negative electrode active material layer 23222a in the second part and the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle part of the positive electrode winding.
  • the maximum width difference between the positive electrode active material layer 23123a at the end of the second positive electrode winding and the negative electrode active material layer 23223a in the third part is larger than that between the negative electrode active material layer 23222a in the second part and the positive electrode active material in the middle part of the positive electrode winding
  • the maximum width difference of the layer 23122a reduces the negative electrode activity of the negative electrode sheet 232 along the winding axis direction due to the relative displacement between the head of the positive electrode sheet 231 and the head of the negative electrode sheet 232, the tail of the positive electrode sheet 231 and the tail of the negative electrode sheet 232.
  • the size of the portion of the material layer beyond the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet 231 does not meet the design requirements, resulting in the risk of lithium deposition.
  • the maximum width of the material layer 23222a is equivalent to the increase in the width of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a of the third part relative to the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part, which can reduce the negative electrode in the winding axis direction B while ensuring the energy density.
  • the size of the portion of the negative electrode active material layer of the sheet 232 that exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet 231 does not meet the design requirements, resulting in the risk of lithium deposition.
  • the minimum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a of the third part is H5, and H5 ⁇ H2.
  • the minimum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a of the third part is not less than the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part, reducing the amount of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a of the third part in the winding axis direction B beyond the winding of the second positive electrode
  • the size of the portion of the positive electrode active material layer 23123a at the end does not meet the design requirements, resulting in the risk of lithium precipitation.
  • the structure of the third part 23223 can refer to the structure of the first part 23221
  • the structural relationship between the third part 23223 and the second part 23222 can refer to the structural relationship between the first part 23221 and the second part 23222
  • the second positive winding end The structure of the part 23123 can refer to the relative relationship between the first positive electrode winding end 23121, the second positive electrode winding end 23123 and the third part 23223, and can refer to the relative relationship between the first positive electrode winding end 23121 and the first part 23221. This will not be repeated here.
  • the negative electrode tab 2321 is located at one end of the negative electrode sheet 232, and the end of the third part of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a close to the negative electrode tab 2321 exceeds
  • the corresponding end of the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a and the other end of the third part of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a are flush with the other end of the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a.
  • one end of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a of the third part close to the negative electrode tab 2321 all exceeds the corresponding end of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part, and the other end of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a of the third part It is flush with the other end of the anode active material layer 23222a of the second part.
  • One end of the third portion 23223 close to the negative tab 2321 protrudes beyond the corresponding end of the second portion 23222 , and the other end of the third portion 23223 is flush with the other end of the second portion 23222 . Understandably, one end of the third part of the negative electrode current collector 23223e close to the negative electrode tab 2321 exceeds the corresponding end of the second part of the negative electrode current collector 23222b, and the other end of the third part of the negative electrode current collector 23223e is in contact with the second part of the negative electrode current collector 23223e.
  • the other end of 23222b is flush; one end of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a of the third part close to the negative electrode lug 2321 exceeds the corresponding end of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part, and the other end of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a of the third part is the same as the end of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a of the third part.
  • the other end of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part is flush; the end of the negative electrode current collector 23223e of the third part close to the negative electrode ear 2321 is flush with the end of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a of the third part close to the negative electrode ear 2321, and the third part
  • the other end of the negative electrode current collector 23223e of the second part is flush with the other end of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part; the end of the negative electrode current collector 23222b of the second part close to the negative electrode tab 2321 and the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second part are close to the negative electrode tab
  • One end of 2321 is flush, and the other end of the second part of the negative electrode current collector 23222b is flush with the other end of the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a.
  • the negative electrode sheet 232 not only facilitates the coating of the negative electrode active material layer, but also enables the formation of a negative electrode sheet 232 with a width difference between the third part 23223 and the second part 23222 during the process of die-cutting to form the negative electrode tab 2321, that is, using the negative electrode sheet 232
  • the negative electrode sheets with the width difference between the third part 23223 and the second part 23222 can be formed by the original molding process.
  • the third part 23223 has a joint surface 23223d connected to the second part 23222; the number of negative tabs 2321 is plural, and one negative tab 2321 of the plurality of negative tabs 2321 protrudes from the third part 23223 along the winding axis direction B, It has a second side surface 2321c close to the second portion 23222, and the second side surface 2321c and the joint surface 23223d are coplanar.
  • the bonding surface 23223d is coplanar with one side of the negative electrode tab 2321 , which can prevent the bonding surface 23223d from being lifted due to no binding during the winding process and after the winding is completed, thereby piercing the diaphragm 233 .
  • the third portion 23223 passes through the flat region I at least once.
  • the third part 23223 passes through the flat region I once
  • the second positive electrode winding end 23123 passes through the flat region I once
  • the negative electrode current collector 23223e of the third part passes through the flat region I once.
  • the negative electrode active material layer on the inner side faces the positive electrode active material layer on the outer side of the positive electrode current collector 23123b at the winding end of the second positive electrode, then only the negative electrode active material layer on the inner side of the negative electrode current collector 23223e of the third part can be widened to meet the H4-L3>H2-L2.
  • the outer diameter of the winding needle wound to form the electrode assembly 23 is smaller, and the number of times the third portion passes through the flat region I can be appropriately increased.
  • the third part 23223 passes through the flat region I twice, and the negative electrode active on the inner side of the negative current collector 23223e of the third part located in the two flat regions I
  • the material layer faces the positive active material layer on the outer side of the positive electrode current collector 23123b at the winding end of the second positive electrode, then only the negative electrode active material layer on the inner side of the negative electrode current collector 23223e in the third part located in the two flat regions I can be widened Substance layer to satisfy H4-L3>H2-L2.
  • the third portion 23223 passes through the straightening area I three times, and the second positive electrode winding end 23123 passes through the straightening area I three times, according to the order of the passages.
  • the order (first ⁇ last) is the first straightening area, the second straightening area and the third straightening area, respectively, the inner and outer sides of the negative current collector 23223e located in the third part of the first straightening area.
  • the negative electrode active material layer faces the positive electrode active material layer located on the outer side of the positive electrode current collector 23123b at the second positive electrode winding end in the first flattening region and the second positive electrode winding end in the third flattening region, respectively.
  • the positive electrode active material layer on the inner side of the positive electrode current collector 23123b in the second flat region and the negative electrode active material layer on the inner side of the negative electrode current collector 23222b in the second part of the second flat region and the third flat region faces the second flat region.
  • the positive active material layer on the outer side of the positive electrode current collector 23123b at the end of the second positive electrode winding in the straight region and the third straight region can only widen the positive electrode active material layer located in the first straight region along the winding axis direction B.
  • the third portion 23223 passes through the flattening region I three times, and the second positive electrode winding end portion 23123 passes through the flattening region I twice, the second positive electrode winding end located in the second straightening region
  • the positive electrode active material layers on the inner and outer sides of the positive electrode current collector 23123b in the first flat region face the negative electrode active material layer on the outer side of the negative electrode current collector 23223e in the third part of the first flat region and the third flat region in the third flat region respectively.
  • the negative electrode active material layer on the inner side of the three-part negative electrode current collector 23223e, and the positive electrode active material layer on the outer side of the positive electrode current collector 23123b at the end of the second positive electrode winding in the first flat region facing the second flat region The anode active material layer inside the third part of the anode current collector 23223e. Then along the winding axis direction B, only the negative active material layer located on the outer side of the negative electrode current collector 23223e in the third part of the first flat region, and the second flat region and the third flat region can be widened.
  • the anode active material layer on the inner side of the anode current collector 23223e in the third part of the region satisfies H4-L3>H2-L2.
  • the negative electrode body 2322 further includes a second extension portion 23225 .
  • the second extension portion 23225 is connected to the end of the third portion 23223 away from the second portion 23222, and the second extension portion 23225 extends beyond the end of the second positive electrode winding end portion 23123 along the winding direction A.
  • the width of the second extending portion 23225 may or may not be increased relative to the width of the second portion 23222 .
  • the width of the second extension portion 23225 is increased relative to the second portion 23222 .
  • the width of the negative electrode active material layer of the second extension portion 23225 is not increased relative to the width of the negative electrode active material layer 23222 a of the second portion.
  • the third portion 23223 may also be wound at least once.
  • the wound electrode assembly 23 has a cylindrical structure, the third part 23223 is wound at least once.
  • the structure of the positive electrode sheet 231 is improved to realize that the maximum width difference between the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode and the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part is larger than the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the second part.
  • the maximum width of the material layer 23222a and the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle stage of the positive electrode winding is different.
  • the maximum width of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode along the winding axis direction B (consistent with the width direction C) is L4, and the width of the middle section of the positive electrode winding is L4.
  • the maximum width of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a is L5, L4 ⁇ L5, which can also make the maximum width difference between the first positive electrode winding end 23121 and the first part 23221 larger than the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a and the positive electrode winding middle section
  • the difference in the maximum width of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a by changing the width of the first positive electrode winding end 23121 of the positive electrode sheet 231, reduces the negative electrode in the winding axis direction B due to the relative offset of the positive electrode sheet 231 and the negative electrode sheet 232.
  • the size of the portion where the negative electrode active material layer of the sheet 232 exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet 231 does not meet the design requirements.
  • the maximum width of the positive electrode active material layer 23123a at the end of the second positive electrode winding is L6, and the maximum width of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle section of the positive electrode winding is L5, L6 ⁇ L5, then the maximum width difference between the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the end of the first positive electrode winding and the negative electrode active material layer 23221a in the first part is larger than that between the negative electrode active material layer 23222a in the second part and the positive electrode active material layer in the middle part of the positive electrode winding
  • the maximum width difference of 23122a, the maximum width difference between the positive electrode active material layer 23123a at the end of the second positive electrode winding and the negative electrode active material layer 23223a in the third part is larger than the difference between the negative electrode active material layer 23222a in the second part and the middle part of the positive electrode winding.
  • the maximum width difference of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a reduces the fact that the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet 232 exceeds the positive electrode of the positive electrode sheet 231 in the winding axis direction B due to the relative offset of the head and tail of the negative electrode sheet 232 during the winding process.
  • the size of the portion of the active material layer does not satisfy the design requirements.
  • H4-L3 The difference between the maximum widths of the positive electrode active material layer 23123a at the wound end of the second positive electrode and the negative electrode active material layer 23223a at the third portion is referred to as H4-L3.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode may have a widened structure, so that L1 ⁇ L4.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle section of the positive electrode winding may have a widened structure, then L2 ⁇ L5.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 23123a at the wound end of the second positive electrode may have a widened structure, so that L3 ⁇ L6.
  • one end of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle portion of the positive electrode winding at least partially extends beyond the corresponding end of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the first positive electrode winding end, and the middle portion of the positive electrode winding
  • the other end of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a of the segment is flush with the other end of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a of the first positive electrode winding end. In this way, the width of the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 relative to the positive electrode winding middle section 23122 from one side of the winding axis direction B is reduced, so that the positive electrode sheet 231 is formed in a simple manner and the processing difficulty is reduced.
  • the positive electrode tab 2311 is located at one end of the positive electrode sheet 231, and the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle section of the positive electrode winding section is close to the positive electrode tab 2311 and extends beyond the positive electrode at the first positive electrode winding end.
  • One end of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle section of the positive electrode winding near the positive electrode tab 2311 extends beyond the corresponding end of the positive electrode active material layer 23123a at the end of the second positive electrode winding.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode and the positive active material layer 23123a at the winding end of the second positive electrode can be formed in the process of forming the positive electrode tab 2311 by die cutting or in the process of disposing the insulating layer 23124.
  • Both the positive electrode sheet 231 and the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle section of the positive electrode winding have a positive electrode sheet 231 with a different width, which reduces the difficulty of processing.
  • the positive electrode sheet 231 also includes an insulating layer 23124 for separating the burrs at one end of the positive electrode body 2312 along the winding axis direction B from the negative electrode body 2322 (shown in FIG. 18 ) to reduce the risk of short circuits .
  • the insulating layer 23124 is provided between the positive electrode lug 2311 and the positive electrode active material layer on the positive electrode body 2312. The larger the width of the positive electrode active material layer that can be coated at the corresponding position is, the smaller the width occupied by the insulating layer 23124 is, the larger the width of the positive electrode active material layer that can be coated at the corresponding position.
  • the minimum width of the insulating layer 23124a at the end portion of the first positive electrode winding is greater than the maximum width of the insulating layer 23124b at the middle portion of the positive electrode winding.
  • the minimum width of the insulating layer 23124c at the end portion of the second positive electrode winding is greater than the maximum width of the insulating layer 23124b at the middle portion of the positive electrode winding.
  • Insulating layer 23124 inorganic filler and adhesive.
  • Inorganic fillers include one of boehmite, alumina, magnesia, titania, zirconia, silica, silicon carbide, boron carbide, calcium carbonate, aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, potassium titanate, barium sulfate or several.
  • the binder includes one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid-acrylate, polyacrylonitrile-acrylic acid, and polyacrylonitrile-acrylate.
  • the widths of the positive electrode active material layers 23123a at the first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 , the positive electrode winding middle segment 23122 and the second positive electrode winding end portion are the same.
  • the positive electrode winding end portion 23121, the positive electrode winding middle section 23122 and the positive electrode active material layer 23123a of the second positive electrode winding end portion are coated with an insulating layer 23124 on the side close to the positive electrode tab 2311, and the insulating layer 23124 is coated on the positive electrode active material layer 23123a.
  • the insulating layer 23124 and the positive electrode active material layer are overlapped, and the positive electrode active material layer not covered by the insulating layer 23124 is the effective active material layer of the positive electrode body 2312 .
  • the maximum width of the insulating layer 23124a at the winding end of the first positive electrode and the maximum width of the insulating layer 23124c at the winding end of the second positive electrode are both greater than the maximum width of the insulating layer 23124b in the middle section of the positive electrode winding, so that the first positive electrode winding
  • the maximum width of the effective active material layer of the winding end portion 23121 and the maximum width of the effective active material layer of the second positive electrode winding end portion 23123 are both smaller than the maximum width of the effective positive active material layer of the positive electrode winding middle section 23122.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle section of the positive electrode winding may also extend beyond the first positive electrode at the end away from the positive electrode tab 2311 One end corresponding to the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end. One end of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle section of the positive electrode winding away from the positive electrode tab 2311 extends beyond the corresponding end of the positive electrode active material layer 23123a at the second positive electrode winding end.
  • both ends of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle section of the positive electrode winding may extend beyond the first positive electrode winding
  • the positive electrode active material layers 23121a at the ends correspond to both ends. Both ends of the positive electrode active material layer 23122a in the middle portion of the positive electrode winding are beyond the corresponding ends of the positive electrode active material layer 23123a at the end portion of the second positive electrode winding.
  • the structures of the positive electrode sheet 231 and the negative electrode sheet 232 are improved to satisfy H1-L1>H2-L2, H4-L3>H2-L2.
  • part or all of the width of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first part is increased, part or all of the width of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a of the first positive electrode winding end portion is reduced.
  • part or all of the width of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a of the third part is increased, part or all of the width of the positive electrode active material layer 23123a of the second positive electrode winding end is reduced.
  • the negative electrode active material layer 23223a of the third portion is not widened relative to the negative electrode active material layer 23222a of the second portion, by increasing the size of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a of the first portion in the winding axis direction B and decreasing The size of the positive electrode active material layer 23123a at the winding end of the second positive electrode in the direction B of the winding axis satisfies: H1-L1>H2-L2, H4-L3>H2-L2.
  • the first part of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a is not widened relative to the second part of the negative electrode active material layer 23222a, which can be reduced in the direction of the winding axis of the positive electrode active material layer 23121a at the winding end of the first positive electrode
  • the size on B and the size of the third portion of the negative electrode active material layer 23223a in the winding axis direction B are increased to satisfy: H1-L1>H2-L2, H4-L3>H2-L2.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for manufacturing the wound electrode assembly 23.
  • the method for manufacturing the wound electrode assembly 23 includes:
  • the positive electrode sheet 231 includes a first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 and a positive electrode winding middle segment 23122 that are connected to each other;
  • S200 providing a negative electrode sheet 232, and the negative electrode sheet 232 includes a first part 23221 and a second part 23222 that are connected to each other;
  • the execution order of each step of the method for manufacturing the wound electrode assembly 23 is not limited, as long as the electrode assembly 23 can be manufactured.
  • This embodiment of the present application further provides a manufacturing equipment 400 for a wound electrode assembly.
  • the manufacturing equipment 400 for a wound electrode assembly includes a first providing device 410 , a second providing device 420 and an assembling device 430 .
  • the first providing device 410 is configured to provide a positive electrode sheet 231, the positive electrode sheet 231 includes a first positive electrode winding end portion 23121 and a positive electrode winding middle segment 23122 connected to each other; the second providing device 420 is configured to provide the negative electrode sheet 232, the negative electrode
  • the sheet 232 includes a first portion 23221 and a second portion 23222 that are connected to each other; the assembly device 430 is configured to wind the positive electrode sheet 231 and the negative electrode sheet 232 so that the first portion 23221 is disposed opposite the first positive electrode winding end 23121, and the first The two parts 23222 are arranged opposite the positive electrode winding middle section 23122; wherein, along the winding axis direction B of the wound electrode assembly 23, the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet 232 exceeds the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet 231, and the first part of the
  • the maximum width of the negative electrode active material layer 23221a is H1
  • the positive electrode sheet 231 and the negative electrode sheet 232 provided by the first providing device 410 and the second providing device 420 can compensate for the positive electrode sheet caused by the structural tolerance and winding error of the assembly device 430 during the process of winding to form the wound electrode assembly 23 231 and the negative electrode sheet 232 are relatively offset at the head or tail, so that the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode sheet 232 exceeds the defect that the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode sheet 231 is insufficient.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种卷绕式电极组件、电池单体、电池、用电设备、电极组件的制造方法及其制造设备,涉及电池技术领域。电极组件包括正极片和负极片;正极片包括第一正极卷绕端部和正极卷绕中间段;负极片包括第一部分和第二部分;负极片的活性物质层超出正极片的活性物质层,第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度与第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度之差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度与正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最小宽度之差。该电极组件能够降低沿卷绕轴线方向负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。

Description

卷绕式电极组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域,特别是涉及一种卷绕式电极组件、电池单体、电池、用电设备、电极组件的制造方法及其制造设备。
背景技术
锂离子蓄电池因其能量密度大、循环性能好等突出优点,成为二次电池的主流产品,并广泛应用于便携式电器、动力汽车、手机、航天器等领域。
电池负极材料常用的是石墨或者硅,由于其嵌锂电位与金属锂接近,因此在某些条件下,容易发生析锂现象,从而严重影响锂离子电池的循环性能,甚至严重时可能因析锂形成锂枝晶而引发电池内短路等安全问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种卷绕式电极组件、电池单体、电池、用电设备、电极组件的制造方法及其制造设备,以改善电池析锂的问题。
第一方面,本申请实施例提供一种卷绕式电极组件,包括正极片和负极片;所述正极片包括相互连接的第一正极卷绕端部和正极卷绕中间段;所述负极片包括相互连接的第一部分和第二部分,所述第一部分与所述第一正极卷绕端部相对设置,所述第二部分与所述正极卷绕中间段相对设置;沿所述卷绕式电极组件的卷绕轴线方向,所述负极片的负极活性物质层超出所述正极片的正极活性物质层,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H1,所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L1,所述第二部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H2,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L2,H1-L1>H2-L2。
上述技术方案中,通过将第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度与第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度的宽度差设置为大于第二部分的负 极活性物质层的最大宽度与正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最小宽度的宽度差,即第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层和第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最大宽度差,降低沿卷绕轴线方向负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,H1>H2。
上述技术方案中,由于第一部分与第一正极卷绕端部相对设置,第二部分与正极卷绕中间段相对设置,第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度大于第二部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度,相当于第一部分的负极活性物质层相对第二部分的负极活性物质层增加了宽度,能够在保证能量密度的情况下,降低沿卷绕轴线方向负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层的最小宽度为H3,其中,H3≥H2。
上述技术方案中,第一部分的负极活性物质层的最小宽度不小于第二部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度,避免沿卷绕轴线方向第一部分的负极活性物质层超出第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,0.3mm≤H1-H2≤3mm。
上述技术方案中,沿卷绕轴向方向,若是第一部分的负极活性物质层的宽度过大,有可能超过隔膜的宽度,还有可能和顶盖组件发生干涉,增加短路风险。若是第一部分的负极活性物质层的宽度尺寸不够则不能使得沿卷绕轴线方向负极片负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸满足设计需求。因此,0.3mm≤H1-H2≤3mm既能保证卷绕式电极组件的使用安全,还能降低沿卷绕轴线方向上负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,沿所述卷绕轴线方向,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层的一端的至少部分超出所述第二部分的负极活性物质层的对应的一端,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层的另一端与所述第二部分的负极 活性物质层的另一端平齐。
上述技术方案中,沿卷绕轴线方向,第一部分的负极活性物质层的一端的至少部分超出第二部分的负极活性物质层的对应的一端,第一部分的负极活性物质层的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层的另一端平齐,这样使得第一部分的负极活性物质层相对第二部分的负极活性物质层从卷绕轴线方向的一侧加宽,使得负极片成型方式简单,降低加工难度。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,所述负极片还包括负极耳,沿所述卷绕轴线方向,所述负极耳位于所述负极片的一端,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层靠近所述负极耳的一端至少部分超出所述第二部分的负极活性物质层的对应的一端。
上述技术方案中,沿卷绕轴线方向,第一部分的负极活性物质层靠近负极耳的一端至少部分超出第二部分的负极活性物质层的对应的一端,这样能够在模切形成负极耳的过程中,形成第一部分的负极活性物质层和第二部分的负极活性物质层具有宽度差的负极片,即利用负极片原有的成型工序即可形成第一部分的负极活性物质层和第二部分的负极活性物质层具有宽度差的负极片。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,所述负极片还包括负极耳,沿所述卷绕轴线方向,所述负极耳位于所述负极片的一端,所述第一部分靠近所述负极耳的一端超出所述第二部分的对应的一端,所述第一部分的另一端与所述第二部分的另一端平齐。
上述技术方案中,沿卷绕轴线方向,第一部分靠近负极耳的一端超出第二部分的对应的一端,第一部分的另一端与第二部分的另一端平齐,能够在模切形成负极耳的过程中,形成第一部分和第二部分具有宽度差的负极片,即利用负极片原有的成型工序即可形成第一部分和第二部分具有宽度差的负极片。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,沿卷绕方向,所述第一部分具有与所述第二部分连接的连接面;所述负极耳的数量为多个,多个所述负极耳中的一个负极耳沿所述卷绕轴线方向从所述第一部分凸出,且具有靠近所述第二部分的第一侧面,所述第一侧面与所述连接面共面。
上述技术方案中,第一部分的连接面与负极耳的一个侧面共面,则连接面不是位于两个负极耳之间,能够避免在卷绕过程中和卷绕完成后,因第一部 分和第二部分存在宽度差而导致在第一部分和第二部分连接位置翘起而刺破隔膜。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,沿卷绕轴线方向,从所述第一部分凸出的负极耳上设有负极活性物质层,且从所述第一部分凸出的负极耳上的负极活性物质层与所述第一部分的负极活性物质层相连。
上述技术方案中,从第一部分凸出的负极耳上的负极活性物质层与第一部分的负极活性物质层相连,相当于进一步增大了第一部分的部分位置的负极活性物质层的宽度,则能够进一步降低在卷绕轴线方向上,负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,所述卷绕式电极组件包括平直区和两个弯折区,所述两个弯折区分别连接于所述平直区的两端;所述第一部分至少两次经过所述平直区。
上述技术方案中,经过两次平直区后,第一正极卷绕端部和第一部分发生相对偏移的可能性较小,则第一部分至少两次经过平直区,能够尽可能的降低因第一正极卷绕端部和第一部分发生相对偏移导致在卷绕轴线方向上负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,所述正极片还包括第二正极卷绕端部,所述第一正极卷绕端部和所述第二正极卷绕端部分别连接于所述正极卷绕中间段的两端;所述负极片还包括第三部分,所述第一部分和所述第三部分分别连接于所述第二部分的两端,所述第三部分和所述第二正极卷绕端部相对设置;所述第三部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H4,所述第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L3,H4-L3>H2-L2。
上述技术方案中,正极片还包括第二正极卷绕端部,负极片还包括第三部分,第二正极卷绕端部和第三部分相对布置。则第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层和第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最大宽度差,第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层和第三部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度差大于第二部分的 负极活性物质层和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最大宽度差,能够降低在卷绕轴线方向上负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,H4>H2。
上述技术方案中,由于第三部分与第二正极卷绕端部相对设置,第二部分与正极卷绕中间段相对设置,第三部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度大于第二部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度,相当于第三部分的负极活性物质层相对第二部分的负极活性物质层增加了宽度,能够在保证能量密度的情况下,降低在卷绕轴线方向上负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,所述第三部分的负极活性物质层的最小宽度为H5,其中,H5≥H2。
上述技术方案中,第三部分的负极活性物质层的最小宽度不小于第二部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度,降低在卷绕轴线方向上负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最大宽度为L4,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最大宽度为L5,L4<L5。
上述技术方案中,第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最大宽度小于正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最大宽度,使得第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层和第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最大宽度差,通过改变正极片的第一正极卷绕端部的宽度,降低在卷绕轴线方向上负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的可能性。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,沿所述卷绕轴线方向,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的一端至少部分超出所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层对应的一端,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的另一端与所 述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的另一端平齐。
上述技术方案中,沿卷绕轴线方向,正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的一端至少部分超出第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层对应的一端,正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的另一端与第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的另一端平齐,这样使得第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层相对正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层从卷绕轴线方向的一侧加宽,使得正极片成型方式简单,降低加工难度。
在本申请第一方面的一些实施例中,所述正极片还包括正极耳,沿所述卷绕轴线方向,所述正极耳位于所述正极片的一端,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层靠近所述正极耳的一端至少部分超出所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层对应的一端。
上述技术方案中,正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层靠近正极耳的一端至少部分超出第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层对应的一端,这样能够在模切形成正极耳的过程中,形成第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层具有宽度差的正极片,即利用正极片原有的成型工序即可形成第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层具有宽度差的正极片。
第二方面,本申请实施例提供一种电池单体,包括根据第一方面任一实施例提供的卷绕式电极组件。
上述技术方案中,电池单体包括第一方面任一实施例提供的卷绕式电极组件,电池单体因沿卷绕轴线方向负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的可能性较小。
第三方面,本申请实施例提供一种电池,包括第二方面实施例提供的电池单体。
上述技术方案中,电池包括第二方面施例提供的电池单体,电池因沿卷绕轴线方向负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的可能性较小。
第四方面,本申请实施例提供一种用电设备,包括根据第二方面实施例提供的电池单体。
上述技术方案中,用电设备包括第二方面实施例提供的电池单体,用电设备的电池单体因沿卷绕轴线方向负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的可能性较小。
第五方面,本申请实施例提供一种卷绕式电极组件的制造方法,包括:提供正极片,所述正极片包括:相互连接的第一正极卷绕端部和正极卷绕中间段;提供负极片,所述负极片包括:相互连接的第一部分和第二部分;将所述正极片和所述负极片卷绕形成所述卷绕式电极组件,以使所述第一部分与所述第一正极卷绕端部相对设置,所述第二部分与所述正极卷绕中间段相对设置;其中,沿所述卷绕式电极组件的卷绕轴线方向,所述负极片的负极活性物质层超出所述正极片的正极活性物质层,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H1,所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L1,所述第二部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H2,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L2,H1-L1>H2-L2。
上述技术方案中,提供的负极片的第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度与提供的正极片的第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度的宽度差大于负极片的第二部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度与正极片的正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最小宽度的宽度差,能够降低因卷绕技术、卷绕设备等造成的第一部分和第一正极卷绕端部相对偏移而使得沿卷绕轴线方向负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
第六方面,本申请实施例提供一种卷绕式电极组件的制造设备,包括第一提供装置、第二提供装置和组装装置,所述第一提供装置被配置为提供正极片,所述正极片包括相互连接的第一正极卷绕端部和正极卷绕中间段;所述第二提供装置被配置为提供负极片,所述负极片包括相互连接的第一部分和第二部分;所述组装装置被配置为将所述正极片和所述负极片卷绕,以使所述第一部分与所述第一正极卷绕端部相对设置,所述第二部分与所述正极卷绕中间段相对设置;其中,沿所述卷绕式电极组件的卷绕轴线方向,所述负极片的负极活性物质层超出所述正极片的正极活性物质层,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H1,所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为 L1,所述第二部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H2,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L2,H1-L1>H2-L2。
上述技术方案中,第一提供装置和第二提供装置提供的正极片和负极片能够在卷绕形成卷绕式电极组件的过程中,降低沿卷绕轴线方向负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图;
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的爆炸图;
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸图;
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的卷绕式电极组件的结构示意图;
图5为图4的P0-P0向剖视图;
图6为本申请一些实施例提供的第一正极卷绕端部为正极卷绕收尾段的电极组件的结构示意图;
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度位置和第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度位置相互错开的电极组件的结构示意图;
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度位置和第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度位置相对应的电极组件的结构示意图;
图9为本申请一些实施例提供的负极片的结构示意图;
图10为本申请一些实施例提供的第一部分一端超出第二部分的负极片的结构示意图;
图11为现有技术中模切形成负极片的示意图;
图12为本申请另一些实施例提供的第一部分一端超出第二部分负极片的结构示意图;
图13为本申请一些实施例提供的第一部分非等宽的负极片的结构示意图;
图14为本申请又一些实施例提供的第一部分非等宽的负极片的结构示意图;
图15为本申请又一些实施例提供的负极片的结构示意图;
图16为本申请另一些实施例提供的负极片的结构示意图;
图17为本申请再一些实施例提供的负极片的结构示意图;
图18为本申请一些实施例提供的连接面为斜面的负极片的结构示意图;
图19为本申请一些实施例提供的第一侧面和连接面不共面的负极片的结构示意图;
图20为本申请一些实施例提供的负极耳的负极活性物质层和负极本体的负极活性物质层连接的负极片的结构示意图;
图21为本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的结构示意图;
图22为图19的P1-P1向的剖视图;
图23为本申请另一些实施例提供的电极组件的结构示意图;
图24为一些情况下图21的P2-P2向的剖视图;
图25为另一些情况下图21的P2-P2向的剖视图;
图26为本申请一些实施例提供的具有第一延伸部的电极组件的结构示意图;
图27为本申请另一些实施例提供的具有第一延伸部的电极组件的结构示意图;
图28为本申请又一些实施例提供的电极组件的结构示意图;
图29为本申请一些实施例提供的具有第一部分、第二部分和第三部分的负极片的结构示意图;
图30为图28的P3-P3向剖视图;
图31为本申请再一些实施例提供的卷绕式电极组件的结构示意图;
图32为图29的P4-P4向剖视图;
图33为本申请再一些实施例提供的电极组件的结构示意图;
图34为在一些情况下图31的P5-P5向的剖视图;
图35为在另一些情况下图31的P5-P5向的剖视图;
图36为本申请一些实施例提供的具有第二延伸部的电极组件的结构示意图;
图37为本申请一些实施例提供的正极片的结构示意图;
图38为本申请另一些实施例提供的正极片的结构示意图;
图39为本申请再一些实施例提供的正极片的结构示意图;
图40为本申请一些实施例提供电极组件的制造方法的流程框图;
图41为本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的制造设备的结构示意框图。
在附图中,附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明:1000-车辆;100-电池;10-箱体;11-第一箱体部;12-第二箱体部;20-电池单体;21-外壳;22-端盖组件;23-电极组件;231-正极片;2311-正极耳;2312-正极本体;23121-第一正极卷绕端部;23121a-第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层;23122-正极卷绕中间段;23122a-正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层;23121b-正极卷绕起始段的起始端;23121c-正极卷绕起始段的末端;23121d-正极卷绕收尾段的末端;23121e-正极卷绕收尾段的起始端;23121f-第一正极卷绕端部的正极集流体;23123-第二正极卷绕端部;23123a-第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层;23123b-第二正极卷绕端部的正极集流体;23124-绝缘层;23124a-第一正极卷绕端部的绝缘层;23124b-正极卷绕中间段的绝缘层;23124c-第二正极卷绕端部的绝缘层;232-负极片;2321-负极耳;2321a-第一侧面;2321b-负极耳的负极活性物质层;2321c-第二侧面;2322-负极本体;23221-第一部分;23221a-第一部分的负极活性物质层;23221b-第一部分的负极集流体;23221c-连接面;23221d-第一部分的起始端;23221e-第一部分的末端;23222-第二部分;23222a-第二部分的负极活性物质层;23222b-第二部分的负极集流体;23223-第三部分;23223a-第三部分的负极活性物质层;23223b-第三部分的起始端;23223c-第三部分的末端;23223d- 结合面;23223e-第三部分的负极集流体;23224-第一延伸部;23225-第二延伸部;233-隔膜;200-控制器;300-马达;A-卷绕方向;B-卷绕轴线方向;C-宽度方向;I-平直区;II-弯折区;400-电极组件的制造设备;410-第一提供装置;420-第二提供装置;430-组装装置。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义,本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同;本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本申请;本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象,而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着,结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例,也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的实施例中,相同的附图标记表示相同的部件,并且为了简洁,在不同实施例中,省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解,附图示出的本申 请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸,以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明,而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中,电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等,本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等,本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种:柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体,本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如,本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液,电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层,正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面。以锂离子电池为例,正极集流体的材料可以为铝,正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层,负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面。负极集流体的材料可以为铜,负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断,正极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起,负极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene,聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene,聚乙烯)等。此外,本申请中,电极组件是卷绕式结构。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素,例如,能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数,另外,还需要考虑电池的安全性。而析锂即是影响电池的电性能和安全性能的主要因素的之一,一旦发生析锂,不但会降低电池的电性能,而且随着析锂量的累加,容易形成枝晶,枝晶有可能会刺破隔膜,而引发电池内短路,造成安全隐患。造成析锂的原因有很多。
发明人发现,电极组件的卷绕起始端和卷绕末端有析锂的问题,经分 析发现,沿卷绕轴线方向负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求是造成析锂的主要原因之一。深入研究发现:沿卷绕轴线方向负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求的原因有以下几点:
对电极组件的头部(电极组件卷绕起始端)来说,由于入料位置不准确、卷绕形成的卷绕式电极组件从卷针下料抽出、卷绕装置的结构误差或者正极片的头部和负极片的头部没有束缚,容易造成正极片的头部和负极片的头部发生相对偏移,从而造成沿卷绕轴线方向负极片超出正极片的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求。
对电极组件的尾部(电极组件的卷绕末端)来说,由于在卷绕即将收尾时,负极片会被切断,切断后负极片的尾部没有张力,卷绕收尾时负极片的尾部容易相对正极片的尾部发生偏移。此外在卷绕完成后,电极组件需要转移热压,转运过程中容易造成正极片的尾部和负极片的尾部发生相对偏移,从而造成沿卷绕轴线方向负极片超出正极片的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求。
鉴于此,本申请实施例提供一种技术方案,通过使头部或尾部位置负极片的负极活性物质层和正极片的正极活性物质层的最大宽度差大于中间段的负极活性物质层和正极片的正极活性物质层的最大宽度差,以降低沿卷绕轴线方向负极片的负极活性物质层超出正极片的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车,新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等;航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等;电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具,例如,游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等;电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具,例如,电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明,以用电设备为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1,图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100,电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电,例如,电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300,控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电,例如,用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中,电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源,还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源,代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
如图2所示,电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20,电池单体20收容于箱体10内,箱体10为电池单体20提供容纳空间,箱体10包括第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12,第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12被配置为共同限定出用于收容电池单体20的容纳空间。在电池100中,电池单体20可以是一个、也可以是多个。若电池单体20为多个,多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联,混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起,再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内;当然,也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块,多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体,并容纳于箱体10内。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体或其它形状等。
在一些实施例中,电池100还可以包括汇流部件(图中未示出),多个电池单体20之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接,以实现多个电池单体20的串联或并联或混联。
请参照图3,图3示出的是本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的爆炸图。电池单体20包括外壳21、端盖组件22和电极组件23,外壳21具有开口,电极组件23容纳于外壳21内,端盖组件22用于封盖于开口。外壳21可以是多种形状,比如,圆柱体、扁平状等。外壳21的形状可根据电极组件23的具体形状来确定。比如,若电极组件23为圆柱体结构,外壳21则可选用为圆柱体结构;若电极组件23为扁平状结构,外壳21则可选用长方体结构。外壳21的材质也可以是多种,比如,铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等,本申请实 施例对此不作特殊限制。
电池单体20的电极组件23可以是一个、也可以是多个。图3示例性的示出了外壳21为长方体和两个电极组件23为扁平状的电池单体20。在图3中,两个电极组件23并排布置。
请参照图4、图5,图4为本申请一些实施例提供卷绕式电极组件23的结构示意图,图5为图4中的P0-P0向剖视图。电极组件23包括正极片231、负极片232和隔膜233,正极片231、负极片232和隔膜233层叠设置并沿卷绕方向A卷绕形成电极组件23。隔膜233用于隔离正极片231和负极片232,避免电池100或者电池单体20内部短路。
正极片231包括正极耳2311和正极本体2312,正极片231的正极本体2312包括相互连接的第一正极卷绕端部23121和正极卷绕中间段23122,正极耳2311沿卷绕轴线方向B凸出于正极本体2312;负极片232包括负极本体2322和负极耳2321,负极片232的负极本体2322包括相互连接的第一部分23221和第二部分23222,负极耳2321沿卷绕轴线方向B凸出于负极本体2322。沿正极片231的厚度方向,正极耳2311可以凸出于正极本体2312也可以不凸出于正极本体2312,比如,若正极耳2311焊接于正极本体2312沿卷绕轴线方向B的一端,则正极耳2311沿厚度方向可以凸出于正极本体2312;若正极耳2311由模切正极集流体形成,则正极耳2311可以不凸出于正极本体2312。沿负极片232的厚度方向,负极耳2321可以凸出于负极本体2322也可以不凸出于负极本体2322,比如,若负极耳2321焊接于负极本体2322沿卷绕轴线方向B的一端,则负极耳2321沿厚度方向可以凸出于负极本体2322;若负极耳2321由模切负极集流体形成,则负极耳2321可以不凸出于负极本体2322。电极组件在卷绕状态下,正极片231的厚度方向与电极组件23的卷绕轴线方向B垂直,负极片232的厚度方向与电极组件23的卷绕轴线方向B垂直。
第一部分23221与第一正极卷绕端部23121相对设置,第二部分23222与正极卷绕中间段23122相对设置;沿卷绕式电极组件23的卷绕轴线方向B,负极片232的负极活性物质层超出正极片231的正极活性物质层,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度为H1,第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质 层23121a的最小宽度为L1,第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的最大宽度为H2,正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最小宽度为L2,H1-L1>H2-L2。
过将第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度与第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a的最小宽度的宽度差设置为大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的最大宽度与正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最小宽度的宽度差,即第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a和第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最大宽度差,降低沿卷绕轴线方向B负极片232的负极活性物质层超出正极片231的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
需要说明的是,正极片231的正极活性物质的宽度和负极片232的负极活性物质的宽度均是指沿卷绕式电极组件23的卷绕轴线方向B上的尺寸。其中,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度,是指第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a沿卷绕轴线方向B的最大尺寸;第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a的最小宽度,是指第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a沿卷绕轴线方向B的最小尺寸;第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的最大宽度,是指第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a沿卷绕轴线方向B的最大尺寸;正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最小宽度,是指正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a沿卷绕轴线方向B的最小尺寸。
最大宽度差是指最大宽度与最小宽度之间的差值,第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a和第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度差,是指H1-L1;第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最大宽度差,是指H2-L2。
在一些实施例中,请继续参见图4、图5,第一正极卷绕端部23121为正极卷绕起始段,第一正极卷绕端部23121为从正极卷绕起始段的起始端23121b开始沿卷绕式电极组件23的卷绕方向A卷绕一段距离的正极本体2312,正极卷绕中间段23122为与第一正极卷绕端部23121的末端(正极卷绕起始段的末端23121c)连接并沿卷绕式电极组件23的卷绕方向A卷绕一段距 离的正极本体2312。
本申请图示中示出的线宽较大的部分为负极片232的负极活性物质层的宽度增加的部分,并不表示负极片232的线宽较大的部分的厚度比负极片232的线宽较小的部分的厚度大,电极组件在卷绕状态下,负极片232的厚度方向垂直电极组件23的卷绕轴线方向B。
第一部分23221与第一正极卷绕端部23121相对设置,即第一部分23221与正极卷绕起始段相对设置,进一步解释为,第一部分的起始端23221d与正极卷绕起始段的起始端23121b相对应,第一部分的末端23221e与正极卷绕起始段的末端23121c与相对应。
当第一正极卷绕端部23121为正极卷绕起始段,正极卷绕起始端的正极活性物质层与第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a满足:H1-L1>H2-L2,能够降低因入料位置不准确、卷绕形成的卷绕式电极组件从卷针下料抽出、卷绕装置的结构误差或者正极卷绕起始段和第一部分23221没有束缚,而使得正极卷绕起始段和第一部分23221发生相对偏移,从而造成沿卷绕轴线方向B负极片232超出正极片231的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求的可能性。
在一些实施例中,如图6所示,第一正极卷绕端部23121为正极卷绕收尾段,第一正极卷绕端部23121为从正极卷绕收尾段的末端23121d开始沿卷绕式电极组件23的卷绕方向A的反方向卷绕一段距离的正极本体2312,正极卷绕中间段23122为与第一正极卷绕端部23121的起始端(正极卷绕收尾段的起始端23121e)连接并沿卷绕式电极组件23的卷绕方向A的反方向卷绕一段距离的正极本体2312。
第一部分23221与第一正极卷绕端部23121相对设置,即第一部分23221与正极卷绕收尾段相对设置,进一步解释为,第一部分的末端23221e与正极卷绕收尾段的末端23121d相对应,第一部分的起始端23221d与正极卷绕收尾段的起始端23121e相对应。正极卷绕收尾段的正极活性物质层与第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a满足:H1-L1>H2-L2,能够降低因在卷绕即将收尾时,负极片232切断后第一部分23221没有张力以及在卷绕完成后,电极组件23需要转移热压,转运过程中第一部分23221相对正极卷绕收尾段发生偏移,从而造成沿卷绕轴线方向B,负极片232超出正极片231的部分的尺寸不满足设 计需求的可能性。
沿卷绕方向A,第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a上的每个位置在第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a均有与之对应的位置。在一些实施例中,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度位置和第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a最小宽度位置相互错开。示例性地,图7中,M1为第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的具有最大宽度的位置,N1为第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a的具有最小宽度的位置,M1和N1在卷绕方向A上错开。图7中,除了表示隔膜233的虚线以外的虚线仅用以明确M1和N1的相对位置关系。
在一些实施例中,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度位置和第一正极卷绕端部23121的最小宽度位置相对应。示例性地,图8中,M2为第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的具有最大宽度的位置,N2第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a的具有最小宽度的位置,M2和N2相对应。图8中,除了表示隔膜233的虚线以外的虚线仅用以明确M2和N2的相对位置关系。
想要实现第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a和第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a最大宽度差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最大宽度差,可以通过对负极片232、正极片231或者同时对正极片231和负极片232进行改进。
在一些实施例中,通过对负极片232的结构进行改进以实现第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a和第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最大宽度差。
在一些实施例中,请参考图9,图9为本申请一些实施例提供的负极片232的结构示意图。沿卷绕轴线方向B(与图示的宽度方向C一致),第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a和第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a之间存在宽度差,H1>H2,相当于第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a相对第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a增加了宽度,能够在保证能量密度的情况下,降低沿卷绕轴线方向B负极片232的负极活性物质层超出正极片231的正极活性物质层的部 分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
在一些实施例中,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最小宽度为H3,其中,H3≥H2。第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的最大宽度,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最小宽度不小于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的最大宽度,则能够降低因第一正极卷绕端部23121和第一部分23221发生相对偏移使得沿卷绕轴线方向B第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a超出第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而导致析锂的可能性。
当第一部分23221的宽度过大,有可能超过隔膜233的宽度,还有可能和端盖组件22(如图3所示)发生干涉,增加短路风险,若是第一部分23221的宽度过小则很容易被卷绕设备的公差所影响,不能起到覆盖第一正极卷绕端部23121的作用。在一些实施例中,0.3mm≤H1-H2≤3mm,既能保证卷绕式电极组件23的使用安全,能够使得负极片232的第一部分23221覆盖第一正极卷绕端部23121,降低因沿卷绕轴线方向B负极片232的负极活性物质层超出正极片231的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求的可能性。在一些实施例中,0.3mm≤H1-H2≤1.5mm。
在一些实施例中,请继续参考图9,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a为等宽结构,则第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的宽度一致,H1=H3。
在一些实施例中,如图9所示,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与图示的宽度方向C一致),第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的两端均超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的两端。图9中的虚线仅仅为了区分第一部分23221和第二部分23222,不影响负极片232的结构。
在一些实施例中,如图10所示,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与图示的宽度方向C一致),第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的一端的超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的对应的一端,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的另一端与所述第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的另一端平齐。图10中的虚线仅仅为了区分第一部分23221和第二部分23222,不影响负极片232的结构。
第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的一端的超出第二部分的负极活性 物质层23222a的对应的一端,是指,沿卷绕轴线方向第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a一端超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a沿卷绕轴线方向B与之最靠近的一端。
在一些实施例中,请继续参照图10,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与图示的宽度方向C一致),负极耳2321位于负极片232的一端,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a靠近负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的对应的一端,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的另一端平齐,平齐是指第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的另一端位于同一平面。沿卷绕轴线方向B,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a靠近负极耳2321的一端全部超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的对应的一端,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的另一端平齐。
一般负极片232的成型方式为,如图11所示,在负极集流体上涂覆宽度一致的负极活性物质层,再在负极集流体的宽度方向C的两侧模切形成负极耳2321。再从宽度方向C的中部位置裁切形成单边出负极耳2321的两个负极片232,即沿图11中的虚线方向模切形成两个负极片232。第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a靠近负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的对应的一端能够在模切形成负极耳2321的过程中,形成第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a和第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a具有宽度差的负极片232,即利用负极片232原有的成型工序即可形成第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a和第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a具有宽度差的负极片。
需要说明的是,当卷绕形成电极组件后,负极集流体的宽度方向C与电极组件的卷绕轴线方向B一致。
在一些实施例中,如图12所示,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与图示的宽度方向C一致)也可以是第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a远离负极耳2321的一端至少部分超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的对应的一端,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的另一端平齐。图12中的虚线仅仅为了区分第一部分23221和第二部分23222,不影响负极片232的结构。
在一些实施例中,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a为变宽结构,则第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a宽度不一致。为变宽结构的第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a有多种结构形式。
请参考图13,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的宽度沿远离第二部分23222的方向逐渐增大,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的任意位置的宽度均大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的最大宽度。图13中的虚线仅仅为了区分第一部分23221和第二部分23222,不影响负极片232的结构。
如图14所示,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的部分宽度小于第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的其他部分的宽度,图14中,从第一部分23221凸出的负极耳2321两侧的负极活性物质层的宽度大于第一部分23221与负极耳2321连接处的负极活性物质层的宽度。当H3=H2时,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a靠近负极耳2321的一端部分超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a,当H3>H2时,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a靠近负极耳2321的一端全部超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a。图14中的虚线仅仅为了区分第一部分23221和第二部分23222,不影响负极片232的结构。
由于只要第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的最大宽度,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最小宽度不小于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的最大宽度,即能减小析锂发生的可能性。那么沿卷绕轴线方向B,第一部分的负极集流体23221b的宽度和第二部分的负极集流体23222b的宽度可以相同也可以不同。
在一些实施例中,如图15所示,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与图示的宽度方向C一致),第一部分的负极集流体23221b和第二部分的负极集流体23222b的宽度一致,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的靠近负极耳2321的一端与第一部分的负极集流体23221b的对应的一端平齐,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的另一端与第一部分的负极集流体23221b的对应的一端平齐;第二部分的负极集流体23222b靠近负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a对应的一端,第二部分的负极集流体23222b的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a对应的一端平齐;第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a靠近负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a对应的一端。
在一些实施例中,如图16所示,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与图示的宽度方向C一致),第一部分的负极集流体23221b远离负极耳2321的一端超出第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a对应的一端,第一部分的负极集流体23221b的另一端与第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的另一端平齐;第二部分的负极集流体23222b远离负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a对应的一端,第二部分的负极集流体23222b的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a对应的一端平齐;第一部分的负极集流体23221b远离负极耳2321的一端与第二部分的负极集流体23222b远离负极耳2321的一端平齐;第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a远离负极耳2321的一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的对应的一端平齐,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的靠近负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的对应的一端。
在一些实施例中,如图17所示,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与图示中的宽度方向C一致)第一部分23221靠近负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分23222的对应的一端,第一部分23221的另一端与第二部分23222的另一端平齐。可以理解地,第一部分的负极集流体23221b靠近负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分的负极集流体23222b对应的一端,第一部分的负极集流体23221b的另一端与第二部分的负极集流体23222b的另一端平齐;第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a靠近负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a对应的一端,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的另一端平齐;第一部分的负极集流体23221b靠近负极耳2321的一端与第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a靠近负极耳2321的一端平齐,第一部分的负极集流体23221b的另一端与第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的另一端平齐;第二部分的负极集流体23222b靠近负极耳2321的一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a靠近负极耳2321的一端平齐,第二部分的负极集流体23222b的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的另一端平齐。这种负极片232不仅方便负极活性物质层涂覆,还能够在模切形成负极耳2321的过程中,形成第一部分23221和第二部分23222具有宽度差的负极片232,即利用负极片232原有的成型工序即可形成第一部分23221和第二部分23222具有宽度差的负极片。
在一些实施例中,请继续参见图17,沿卷绕方向A,第一部分23221具有与第二部分23222连接的连接面23221c;负极耳2321的数量为多个,多个负极耳2321中的一个负极耳2321沿卷绕轴线方向B从第一部分23221凸出,且具有靠近第二部分23222的第一侧面2321a,第一侧面2321a与连接面23221c共面。第一部分23221与第二部分23222连接的连接面23221c与负极耳2321的一个侧面共面,能够避免在卷绕过程中和卷绕完成后,连接面23221c因没有束缚而翘起,从而刺破隔膜233。
在一些实施例中,请继续参见图17,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与图示中的宽度方向C一致),第一侧面2321a的延伸方向与卷绕轴线方向B一致,连接面23221c为与第一侧面2321a平行的平面,即连接面23221c的延伸方向与卷绕轴线方向B一致。
在一些实施例中,如图18所示,第一侧面2321a为图中从上至下逐渐向第二部分23222倾斜的斜面,则连接面23221c也为斜面,沿卷绕轴线方向B,连接面23221c从靠近负极耳2321的一端开始逐渐向第二部分23222倾斜。
在一些实施例中,如图19所示,连接面23221c也可以是位于相邻的两个负极耳2321之间且未与任意负极耳2321的侧面共面。
在一些实施例中,负极耳2321的数量也可以是一个,该负极耳2321的第一侧面2321a与连接面23221c共面或者不共面。
在一些实施例中,如图20所示,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与图示的宽度方向C一致),从第一部分23221凸出的负极耳2321上设有负极活性物质层,且从第一部分23221凸出的负极耳的负极活性物质层2321b与第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a相连。负极耳2321上的负极活性物质层也能起到覆盖正极片231的作用,相当于进一步增大了第一部分23221的部分位置的负极活性物质层的宽度,则能够进一步降低在卷绕轴线方向B上,负极片232的负极活性物质层超出正极片231的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
在一些实施例中,请参考图21,卷绕式电极组件23包括平直区I和两个弯折区II,两个弯折区II分别连接于平直区I的两端。第一部分23221至少两次经过平直区I。实际中,第一部分23221经过两次平直区I后,卷绕长度接 近一圈,在进入下一圈卷绕时,对正极卷绕起始段的起始端23121b和对负极片232的起始端有一定的束缚作用,第一正极卷绕端部23121和第一部分23221发生相对偏移的可能性较小,则第一部分23221至少两次经过平直区I,能够尽可能的减小因第一正极卷绕端部23121和第一部分23221发生相对偏移导致沿卷绕轴线方向B第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a超出第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的可能性。
正极片231的正极集流体的内外两侧均涂覆有正极活性物质层,正极片231的正极集流体的内外两侧的正极活性物质层的宽度可以相同也可以不同,负极片232的负极集流体的内外两侧均涂覆有负极活性物质层,负极片232的负极集流体的内外两侧的负极活性物质层的宽度可以相同也可以不同。
在一些实施例中,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的宽度和第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a的宽度比较可以仅是第一部分23221面向第一正极卷绕端部23121的负极活性物质层和第一正极卷绕端部23121的面向第一部分23221的正极活性物质层的宽度比较,则可以仅仅增加第一部分23221面向第一正极卷绕端部23121的负极活性物质层的宽度,以满足H1-L1>H2-L2。
需要说明的是,正极片231的正极集流体和负极片232的负极集流体的内外侧是相对卷绕轴线而言的,正极片231的正极集流体靠近卷绕轴线的一侧为正极片231的正极集流体的内侧,正极片231远离卷绕轴线的一侧为正极片231的正极集流体的外侧,负极片232的负极集流体靠近卷绕轴线的一侧为负极片232的负极集流体的内侧,负极片232的负极集流体远离卷绕轴线的一侧为负极片232的负极集流体的外侧。
在一些实施例中,如图21、图22所示,第一部分23221经过两次平直区I,第一正极卷绕端部23121经过两次平直区I,位于两次平直区I的第一部分的负极集流体23221b的外侧的负极活性物质层面向第一正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23121f的内侧的正极活性物质,可以仅加宽位于两次平直区I的第一部分的负极集流体23221b的外侧的负极活性物质层,以满足:H1-L1>H2-L2。
在一些实施例中,如图23、图24所示,第一部分23221经过三次平直区I,按照经过的先后顺序(先→后)依次为第一次平直区、第二次平直区和 第三次平直区,若是第一正极卷绕端部23121两次经过平直区I,则位于第三次平直区的第一部分的负极集流体23221b的内侧的负极活性物质层面向位于第一次平直区的第一正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23121f的外侧的正极活性物质层,位于第一次平直区和第二次平直区的第一部分的负极集流体23221b的外侧的负极活性物质层面向第一正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23121f的内侧的正极活性物质层,则沿卷绕轴线方向B,可以仅加宽位于第一次平直区和第二次平直区的第一部分的负极集流体23221b的外侧的负极活性物质层,以及位于第三次平直区的第一部分的负极集流体23221b的内侧的负极活性物质层,以满足H1-L1>H2-L2。
如图25所示,若是第一正极卷绕端部23121三次经过平直区I,则位于第三次平直区的第一部分的负极集流体23221b的内外两侧的负极活性物质层分别面向位于第一次平直区的第一正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23121f的外侧的正极活性物质层和位于第三次平直区的第一正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23121f的内侧的正极活性物质层,位于第一次平直区和第二次平直区的第一部分的负极集流体23221b的外侧的负极活性物质层面向位于第一次平直区和第二次平直区的第一正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23121f的内侧的正极活性物质层,则沿卷绕轴线方向,可以仅加宽位于第一次平直区和第二次平直区的第一部分的负极集流体23221b的外侧的负极活性物质层,以及位于第三次平直区的第一部分的负极集流体23221b的内外两侧的负极活性物质层,以满足H1-L1>H2-L2。
在一些实施例中,卷绕式电极组件23为圆柱形电极组件23,则第一部分23221至少卷绕一圈。
如图26所示,为了保证负极片232在卷绕方向A上能够完全覆盖正极片231,负极本体2322还包括第一延伸部23224。沿卷绕方向A,第一延伸部23224连接于第一部分23221远离第二部分23222的一端,第一延伸部23224沿卷绕方向A的反方向超出第一正极卷绕端部23121的起始端(正极卷绕起始段的起始端23121b)。其中,沿卷绕轴线方向B第一延伸部23224的负极活性物质层的宽度相对第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a可以增加宽度也可以不增加宽度。第一延伸部23224的负极活性物质层相对第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a增加宽度(请参考图23)。如图26所示,第一延伸部23224的负极活性物质层相对第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a未增加宽度。
在一些实施例中,如图27所示,第一延伸部23224上凸出有负极耳2321,则沿卷绕方向A,第一延伸部23224的位于负极耳2321两侧的负极活性物质层相对第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的宽度增加。在一些实施例中,沿卷绕方向A,第一延伸部23224的位于负极耳2321两侧的负极活性物质层只有一侧的负极活性物质层相对第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的宽度增加。
在一些实施例中,如图28所示,正极片231的正极本体2312还包括第二正极卷绕端部23123,第一正极卷绕端部23121和第二正极卷绕端部23123分别连接于正极卷绕中间段23122的两端。
负极片232的负极本体2322还包括第三部分23223,第一部分23221和第三部分23223分别连接于第二部分23222的两端,第三部分23223和第二正极卷绕端部23123相对设置;第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a的最大宽度为H4,第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a的最小宽度为L3,H4-L3>H2-L2。
在一些实施例中,第一正极卷绕端部23121为正极卷绕起始段,第二正极卷绕端部23123为正极卷绕收尾段。其中,第一正极卷绕端部23121为从正极卷绕起始段的起始端23121b开始沿卷绕式电极组件23的卷绕方向A卷绕一段距离的正极本体2312,正极卷绕中间段23122为与第一正极卷绕端部23121的末端(正极卷绕起始段的末端23121c)连接并沿卷绕式电极组件23的卷绕方向A卷绕一段距离的正极本体2312。第二正极卷绕端部23123为从正极卷绕收尾段的末端23121d(第二正极卷绕端部23123的末端)开始沿卷绕式电极组件23的卷绕方向A的反方向卷绕一段距离的正极本体2312,正极卷绕中间段23122为与第二正极卷绕端部23123的起始端(正极卷绕收尾段的起始端23121e)连接并沿卷绕式电极组件23的卷绕方向A的反方向卷绕一段距离的正极本体2312。
第三部分23223和第二正极卷绕端部23123相对设置,即第三部分23223与正极卷绕收尾段相对设置,进一步解释为,第三部分的起始端23223b与第二正极卷绕端部23123的起始端(正极卷绕收尾段的起始端23121e)相对应,第三部分的末端23223c与第二正极卷绕端部23123的末端(正极卷绕收尾段的末端23121d)相对应。
第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a和第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最大宽度差,第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a和第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a的最大宽度差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最大宽度差,降低因正极片231的头部和负极片232的头部、正极片231的尾部和负极片232的尾部发生相对偏移使得沿卷绕轴线方向负极片232的负极活性物质层超出正极片231的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
在一些实施例中,如图28、图29所示,H4>H2。由于第三部分23223与第二正极卷绕端部23123相对设置,第二部分23222与正极卷绕中间段23122相对设置,第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a的最大宽度大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的最大宽度,相当于第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a相对第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a增加了宽度,能够在保证能量密度的情况下,降低在卷绕轴线方向B上负极片232的负极活性物质层超出正极片231的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
在一些实施例中,第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a的最小宽度为H5,H5≥H2。第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a的最小宽度不小于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的最大宽度,降低在卷绕轴线方向B上第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a超出第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a的部分的尺寸不满足设计需求而造成析锂的风险。
第三部分23223的结构可参照第一部分23221的结构,第三部分23223和第二部分23222之间的结构关系可参照第一部分23221和第二部分23222之间的结构关系,第二正极卷绕端部23123的结构可参照第一正极卷绕端部23121、第二正极卷绕端部23123和第三部分23223的相对关系可参考第一正极卷绕端部23121和第一部分23221的相对关系,在此不再赘述。
请继续参见图29,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与图示中的宽度方向C一致),负极耳2321位于负极片232的一端,第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a靠近负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的对应 的一端,第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的另一端平齐。沿卷绕轴线方向B,第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a靠近负极耳2321的一端全部超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的对应的一端,第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的另一端平齐。
第三部分23223靠近负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分23222的对应的一端,第三部分23223的另一端与第二部分23222的另一端平齐。可以理解地,第三部分的负极集流体23223e靠近负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分的负极集流体23222b对应的一端,第三部分的负极集流体23223e的另一端与第二部分的负极集流体23222b的另一端平齐;第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a靠近负极耳2321的一端超出第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a对应的一端,第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的另一端平齐;第三部分的负极集流体23223e靠近负极耳2321的一端与第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a靠近负极耳2321的一端平齐,第三部分的负极集流体23223e的另一端与第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的另一端平齐;第二部分的负极集流体23222b靠近负极耳2321的一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a靠近负极耳2321的一端平齐,第二部分的负极集流体23222b的另一端与第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的另一端平齐。这种负极片232不仅方便负极活性物质层涂覆,还能够在模切形成负极耳2321的过程中,形成第三部分23223和第二部分23222具有宽度差的负极片232,即利用负极片232原有的成型工序即可形成第三部分23223和第二部分23222的具有宽度差的负极片。
第三部分23223具有与第二部分23222连接的结合面23223d;负极耳2321的数量为多个,多个负极耳2321中的一个负极耳2321沿卷绕轴线方向B从第三部分23223凸出,且具有靠近第二部分23222的第二侧面2321c,第二侧面2321c与结合面23223d共面。结合面23223d与负极耳2321的一个侧面共面,能够避免在卷绕过程中和卷绕完成后,结合面23223d因没有束缚而翘起,从而刺破隔膜233。
第三部分23223至少一次经过平直区I。在一些实施例中,如图28、图30所示,第三部分23223经过一次平直区I,第二正极卷绕端部23123经过一次平直区I,第三部分的负极集流体23223e的内侧的负极活性物质层面向第二正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23123b的外侧的正极活性物质层,则可以仅加宽第三部分的负极集流体23223e的内侧的负极活性物质层,以满足H4-L3>H2-L2。
在一些实施例中,卷绕形成电极组件23的卷针外径较小,则第三部分经过平直区I的次数可以适当增加。
在一些实施例中,如图31、图32所示,第三部分23223经过两次平直区I,则位于两个平直区I内的第三部分的负极集流体23223e的内侧的负极活性物质层面向第二正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23123b的外侧的正极活性物质层,则可以仅加宽位于两个平直区I内的第三部分的负极集流体23223e的内侧的负极活性物质层,以满足H4-L3>H2-L2。
在一些实施例中,如图33、34所示,沿卷绕方向A,第三部分23223经过三次平直区I,第二正极卷绕端部23123经过三次平直区I,按照经过的先后顺序(先→后)分别为第一次平直区、第二次平直区和第三次平直区,位于第一次平直区的第三部分的负极集流体23223e的内外两侧的负极活性物质层分别面向位于第一次平直区内的第二正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23123b的外侧的正极活性物质层和位于第三次平直区内的第二正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23123b的内侧的正极活性物质层,位于第二次平直区和第三次平直区的第二部分的负极集流体23222b的内侧的负极活性物质层面向位于第二次平直区和第三次平直区的第二正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23123b的外侧的正极活性物质层,则沿卷绕轴线方向B,可以仅加宽位于第一次平直区的第三部分的负极集流体23223e的内外两侧的负极活性物质层、以及位于第二次平直区和第三次平直区的第二部分的负极集流体23222b的内侧的负极活性物质层,以满足H4-L3>H2-L2。
如图35所示,若是第三部分23223经过三次平直区I,第二正极卷绕端部23123经过两次平直区I,则位于第二次平直区内的第二正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23123b的内外两侧的正极活性物质层分别面向位于第一次平直区的第 三部分的负极集流体23223e的外侧的负极活性物质层和位于第三次平直区的第三部分的负极集流体23223e的内侧的负极活性物质层,位于第一次平直区的第二正极卷绕端部的正极集流体23123b的外侧的正极活性物质层面向位于第二次平直区的第三部分的负极集流体23223e的内侧的负极活性物质层。则沿卷绕轴线方向B,可以仅加宽位于第一次平直区的第三部分的负极集流体23223e的外侧的负极活性物质层、以及位于第二次平直区和第三次平直区的第三部分的负极集流体23223e的内侧的负极活性物质层,以满足H4-L3>H2-L2。
为了保证负极片232在卷绕方向A上能够完全覆盖正极片231,负极本体2322还包括第二延伸部23225。沿卷绕方向A,第二延伸部23225连接于第三部分23223远离第二部分23222的一端,第二延伸部23225沿卷绕方向A超出第二正极卷绕端部23123的末端。其中,第二延伸部23225的宽度相对第二部分23222可以增加宽度也可以不增加宽度。图33中,第二延伸部23225相对第二部分23222宽度增加,图36中,第二延伸部23225的负极活性物质层相对第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a宽度未增加。
在一些实施例中,第三部分23223也可以是至少卷绕一圈。示例性地,当卷绕式电极组件23为圆柱结构,则第三部分23223卷绕至少一圈。
在一些实施例中,通过对正极片231的结构进行改进以实现第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a和第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最大宽度差。
在一些实施例中,如图37所示,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与宽度方向C一致)第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a的最大宽度为L4,正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最大宽度为L5,L4<L5,同样能够使得第一正极卷绕端部23121和第一部分23221的最大宽度差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最大宽度差,通过改变正极片231的第一正极卷绕端部23121的宽度,降低因正极片231和负极片232发生相对偏移使得在卷绕轴线方向B上负极片232的负极活性物质层超出正极片231的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计要求。
在一些实施例中,请继续参见图37,第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a的最大宽度为L6,正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最大宽度为L5,L6<L5,则第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a和第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最大宽度差,第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a和第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a的最大宽度差大于第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a和正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最大宽度差,降低因负极片232在卷绕过程中头部和尾部发生相对偏移使得在卷绕轴线方向B上负极片232的负极活性物质层超出正极片231的正极活性物质层的部分的尺寸不满足设计要求。
第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a和第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a的最大宽度差,是指H4-L3。
在一些实施例中,第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a可以是等宽结构,则L1=L4。或者第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a可以是变宽结构,则L1<L4。
在一些实施例中,正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a可以是等宽结构,则L2=L5。或者正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a可以是变宽结构,则L2<L5。
在一些实施例中,第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a可以是等宽结构,则L6=L3。或者第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a可以是变宽结构,则L3<L6。
在一些实施例中,沿卷绕轴线方向B,正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的一端至少部分超出第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a对应的一端,正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的另一端与第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a的另一端平齐。这样使得第一正极卷绕端部23121相对正极卷绕中间段23122从卷绕轴线方向B的一侧宽度减小,使得正极片231成型方式简单,降低加工难度。
在一些实施例中,沿卷绕轴线方向B,正极耳2311位于正极片231的一端,正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a靠近正极耳2311的一端超出 第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a对应的一端。正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a靠近正极耳2311的一端超出第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a对应的一端。这样能够在模切形成正极耳2311的过程中或者在设置绝缘层23124的过程中,形成第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a和第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a均与正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a具有宽度差的正极片231,降低了加工难度。
一般地,正极片231还包括绝缘层23124,绝缘层23124用于将正极本体2312沿卷绕轴线方向B的一端的毛刺与负极本体2322(图18中示出)隔开,以降低短路的风险。沿卷绕轴线方向B,绝缘层23124设于正极耳2311与正极本体2312上的正极活性物质层之间,绝缘层23124涂覆在正极本体2312的正极集流体上,绝缘层23124占据的宽度越大,则对应位置能够涂覆的正极活性物质层的宽度就越小,反之,绝缘层23124占据的宽度越小,则对应位置能够涂覆的正极活性物质层的宽度就越大。因此,第一正极卷绕端部的绝缘层23124a的最小宽度大于正极卷绕中间段的绝缘层23124b的最大宽度。第二正极卷绕端部的绝缘层23124c的最小宽度大于正极卷绕中间段的绝缘层23124b的最大宽度。
绝缘层23124无机填料和粘接剂。无机填料包括勃姆石、氧化铝、氧化镁、二氧化钛、氧化锆、二氧化硅、碳化硅、碳化硼、碳酸钙、硅酸铝、硅酸钙、钛酸钾、硫酸钡中的一种或几种。粘结剂包括聚偏氟乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸-丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯腈-丙烯酸、聚丙烯腈-丙烯酸酯中的一种或几种。
在一些实施例中,沿卷绕轴线方向B,第一正极卷绕端部23121、正极卷绕中间段23122和第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a的宽度一致,通过在第一正极卷绕端部23121、正极卷绕中间段23122和第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a靠近正极耳2311的一侧涂覆绝缘层23124,并将绝缘层23124涂覆于正极活性物质层上,以使绝缘层23124与正极活性物质层重叠,未被绝缘层23124覆盖的正极活性物质层为正极本体2312的有效活性物质层。其中第一正极卷绕端部的绝缘层23124a的最大宽度和第二正极卷绕端部的绝缘层23124c的最大宽度均大于正极卷绕中间段的绝缘层23124b的最大 宽度,这样第一正极卷绕端部23121的有效活性物质层的最大宽度和第二正极卷绕端部23123的有效活性物质层的最大宽度均小于正极卷绕中间段23122的有效正极活性物质层的最大宽度。
在一些实施例中,如图38所示,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与宽度方向C一致),也可以是正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a远离正极耳2311的一端超出第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a对应的一端。正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a远离正极耳2311的一端超出第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a对应的一端。
在一些实施例中,如图39所示,沿卷绕轴线方向B(与宽度方向C一致),也可以是正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的两端均超出第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a对应两端。正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的两端均超出第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a对应的两端。
在一些实施例中,通过对正极片231和负极片232的结构进行改进以满足H1-L1>H2-L2,H4-L3>H2-L2。在增大第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的部分或者全部宽度的情况下,减小第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a的部分或者全部宽度。在增大第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a的部分或者全部宽度的情况下,减小第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a的部分或者全部宽度。
在一些实施例中,第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a相对第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a不加宽,通过增加第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a在卷绕轴线方向B上的尺寸以及减小第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23123a在卷绕轴线方向B上的尺寸,从而满足:H1-L1>H2-L2,H4-L3>H2-L2。
在一些实施例中,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a相对第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a不加宽,可以是减小第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a在卷绕轴线方向B上的尺寸以及增大第三部分的负极活性物质层23223a在卷绕轴线方向B上的尺寸,从而满足:H1-L1>H2-L2,H4-L3>H2-L2。
本申请实施例还提供一种卷绕式电极组件23的制造方法,如图40所示,卷绕式电极组件23的制造方法包括:
S100:提供正极片231,正极片231包括相互连接的第一正极卷绕端部23121和正极卷绕中间段23122;
S200:提供负极片232,负极片232包括相互连接的第一部分23221和第二部分23222;
S300:将正极片231和负极片232卷绕形成卷绕式电极组件23,以使第一部分23221与第一正极卷绕端部23121相对设置,第二部分23222与所述正极卷绕中间段23122相对设置;其中,沿卷绕式电极组件23的卷绕轴线方向B,负极片232的负极活性物质层超出正极片231的正极活性物质层,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度为H1,第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a的最小宽度为L1,第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的最大宽度为H2,正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最小宽度为L2,H1-L1>H2-L2。
本申请中对卷绕式电极组件23的制造方法的各个步骤执行顺序不作限定,只要实现电极组件23制造即可。
本申请实施例还提供一种卷绕式电极组件的制造设备400,如图41所示,卷绕式电极组件的制造设备400包括第一提供装置410、第二提供装置420和组装装置430,第一提供装置410被配置为提供正极片231,正极片231包括相互连接的第一正极卷绕端部23121和正极卷绕中间段23122;第二提供装置420被配置为提供负极片232,负极片232包括相互连接的第一部分23221和第二部分23222;组装装置430被配置为将正极片231和负极片232卷绕,以使第一部分23221与第一正极卷绕端部23121相对设置,第二部分23222与正极卷绕中间段23122相对设置;其中,沿卷绕式电极组件23的卷绕轴线方向B,负极片232的负极活性物质层超出正极片231的正极活性物质层,第一部分的负极活性物质层23221a的最大宽度为H1,第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层23121a的最小宽度为L1,第二部分的负极活性物质层23222a的最大宽度为H2,正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层23122a的最小宽度为L2,H1-L1>H2-L2。
第一提供装置410和第二提供装置420提供的正极片231和负极片232能够在卷绕形成卷绕式电极组件23的过程中,弥补组装装置430的结构公差和卷绕误差导致的正极片231和负极片232在头部或者尾部发生相对偏移,使得负极片232的负极活性物质层超出正极片231的正极活性物质层不足的缺陷。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述,但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下,可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是,只要不存在结构冲突,各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例,而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种卷绕式电极组件,其中,包括:
    正极片,包括相互连接的第一正极卷绕端部和正极卷绕中间段;以及
    负极片,包括相互连接的第一部分和第二部分,所述第一部分与所述第一正极卷绕端部相对设置,所述第二部分与所述正极卷绕中间段相对设置;
    沿所述卷绕式电极组件的卷绕轴线方向,所述负极片的负极活性物质层超出所述正极片的正极活性物质层,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H1,所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L1,所述第二部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H2,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L2,H1-L1>H2-L2。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层的最小宽度为H3,其中,H1>H2,H3≥H2。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,0.3mm≤H1-H2≤3mm。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,沿所述卷绕轴线方向,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层的一端的至少部分超出所述第二部分的负极活性物质层的对应的一端,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层的另一端与所述第二部分的负极活性物质层的另一端平齐。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,所述负极片还包括负极耳,沿所述卷绕轴线方向,所述负极耳位于所述负极片的一端,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层靠近所述负极耳的一端至少部分超出所述第二部分的负极活性物质层的对应的一端。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,所述负极片还包括负极耳,沿所述卷绕轴线方向,所述负极耳位于所述负极片的一端,所述第一部分靠近所述负极耳的一端超出所述第二部分的对应的一端,所述第一部分的另一端与所述第二部分的另一端平齐。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,沿所述卷绕式电极组件的卷绕方向,所述第一部分具有与所述第二部分连接的连接面;
    所述负极耳的数量为多个,多个所述负极耳中的一个负极耳沿所述卷绕轴线方向从所述第一部分凸出,且具有靠近所述第二部分的第一侧面,所述第一侧面与所述连接面共面。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,沿所述卷绕轴线方向,从所述第一部分凸出的负极耳上设有负极活性物质层,且从所述第一部分凸出的负极耳上的负极活性物质层与所述第一部分的负极活性物质层相连。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,所述卷绕式电极组件包括平直区和两个弯折区,所述两个弯折区分别连接于所述平直区的两端;
    所述第一部分至少两次经过所述平直区。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,所述正极片还包括第二正极卷绕端部,所述第一正极卷绕端部和所述第二正极卷绕端部分别连接于所述正极卷绕中间段的两端;
    所述负极片还包括第三部分,所述第一部分和所述第三部分分别连接于所述第二部分的两端,所述第三部分和所述第二正极卷绕端部相对设置;
    所述第三部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H4,所述第二正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L3,H4-L3>H2-L2。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,所述第三部分的负极活性物质层的最小宽度为H5,其中,H4>H2,H5≥H2。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最大宽度为L4,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最大宽度为L5,L4<L5。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,沿所述卷绕轴线方向,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的一端至少部分超出所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层对应的一端,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的另一端与所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的另一端平齐。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的卷绕式电极组件,其中,所述正极片还包括正极耳,沿所述卷绕轴线方向,所述正极耳位于所述正极片的一端,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层靠近所述正极耳的一端至少部分超出所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层对应的一端。
  15. 一种电池单体,其中,包括根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的卷绕式电极组件。
  16. 一种电池,其中,包括根据权利要求15所述的电池单体。
  17. 一种用电设备,其中,包括根据权利要求15所述的电池单体。
  18. 一种卷绕式电极组件的制造方法,其中,包括:
    提供正极片,所述正极片包括:
    相互连接的第一正极卷绕端部和正极卷绕中间段;
    提供负极片,所述负极片包括:
    相互连接的第一部分和第二部分;
    将所述正极片和所述负极片卷绕形成所述卷绕式电极组件,以使所述第一部分与所述第一正极卷绕端部相对设置,所述第二部分与所述正极卷绕中间段相对设置;
    其中,沿所述卷绕式电极组件的卷绕轴线方向,所述负极片的负极活性物质层超出所述正极片的正极活性物质层,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层的 最大宽度为H1,所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L1,所述第二部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H2,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L2,H1-L1>H2-L2。
  19. 一种卷绕式电极组件的制造设备,其中,包括:
    第一提供装置,被配置为提供正极片,所述正极片包括相互连接的第一正极卷绕端部和正极卷绕中间段;
    第二提供装置,被配置为提供负极片,所述负极片包括相互连接的第一部分和第二部分;
    组装装置,被配置为将所述正极片和所述负极片卷绕,以使所述第一部分与所述第一正极卷绕端部相对设置,所述第二部分与所述正极卷绕中间段相对设置;
    其中,沿所述卷绕式电极组件的卷绕轴线方向,所述负极片的负极活性物质层超出所述正极片的正极活性物质层,所述第一部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H1,所述第一正极卷绕端部的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L1,所述第二部分的负极活性物质层的最大宽度为H2,所述正极卷绕中间段的正极活性物质层的最小宽度为L2,H1-L1>H2-L2。
PCT/CN2021/079604 2021-03-08 2021-03-08 卷绕式电极组件、电池单体、电池及用电设备 WO2022188009A1 (zh)

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