WO2022186455A1 - 암의 예후 예측용 마커 조성물, 이를 이용한 암의 예후 예측 방법 및 암의 치료 방향 결정을 위한 정보 제공 방법 - Google Patents
암의 예후 예측용 마커 조성물, 이를 이용한 암의 예후 예측 방법 및 암의 치료 방향 결정을 위한 정보 제공 방법 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a marker composition for predicting the prognosis of cancer, a method for predicting the prognosis of cancer using the same, and a method for providing information for determining a treatment direction for cancer, and more particularly, survival rate, chemo-sensitivity, and chemo-cancer agent
- a marker capable of predicting resistance (chemo-resistance), immunotherapy sensitivity, immunotherapy resistance, or any combination thereof, and a method for predicting the prognosis of cancer using the same, and information for determining the treatment direction of cancer By providing a method, according to the present invention, it is possible to establish an effective treatment strategy by not only predicting the survival rate of the patient but also dividing the patient group in which the administration of the chemical anticancer agent and the immunotherapy agent is effective or undesirable.
- cancer is still an incurable disease that has not been conquered.
- Treatments for diagnosed cancer generally include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, but each method has many limitations.
- cancer has a very high probability of recurrence even after being treated, and the sensitivity to chemotherapy and immunotherapy varies greatly depending on the individual. It is essential.
- anticancer drugs are used as effective therapeutic agents, a newly emerging problem is the resistance of cancer cells to anticancer drugs.
- Resistance to anticancer drugs occurs through various mechanisms such as long-term use of anticancer drugs, in which cells exposed to drugs reduce intracellular accumulation of drugs, activate detoxification or excretion, or modify target proteins. This process is not only the biggest obstacle to cancer treatment, but is also deeply related to the failure of treatment.
- a specific anticancer drug is not effective when actually trying chemotherapy on a cancer patient, there are frequent cases of resistance to other anticancer drugs thereafter. It is often observed that there is no treatment effect despite the attempts of therapy. Due to this, the range of available anticancer agents is very limited, which is pointed out as an important problem in cancer chemotherapy.
- Microsatellite instability (MSI), CpG island methylation phenotype (CIMP), chromosomal instability (CIN), and BRAF/KRAS mutation are used as prognostic criteria at the molecular level currently used in clinical practice. There is no method for predicting the susceptibility of anticancer treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a marker that can accurately predict the prognosis of cancer patients and at the same time predict the sensitivity of anticancer treatment.
- the patient's prognosis for chemotherapy after cancer surgery can be predicted, it will serve as a basis for establishing a treatment strategy suitable for each prognosis.
- stage 2 and 3 advanced gastric cancer since 2010, it was found that adjuvant chemotherapy after standardized gastrectomy increases the survival rate of gastric cancer patients, which is currently the standard treatment.
- gastric cancer has been classified according to its anatomical and pathological phenotype. According to the TNM staging method, chemotherapy is used for stage 2 or more, but there is no method other than the TNM stage to predict the prognosis according to chemotherapy.
- one aspect of the present invention is to provide a marker composition for predicting the prognosis of cancer.
- Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer using the marker composition of the present invention.
- Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for providing information for determining a treatment direction for cancer using the marker composition of the present invention.
- a marker composition for predicting the prognosis of cancer including an agent to be measured.
- measuring the expression level of mRNA or protein of each gene of the marker composition for predicting the prognosis of cancer of the present invention provides a method for predicting the prognosis of cancer, comprising the step of comparing the expression level of the measured gene mRNA or protein thereof.
- mRNA of at least one gene selected from the group I of ESR1, BEST1, ACTA2, HIPK2, IGSF9, ASCC2, JUN, PPP2R5A, SMAD3, CREBBP, EP300 and DDX5 gene or a protein thereof expression level mRNA of at least one gene selected from the group II gene consisting of FHL2, PML, BRCA1, WT1, AREG, and TP63 or an expression level of a protein thereof; and TP53, HSF1, NCOA6IP, PAWR, FAM96A, WTAP, PCNA, GNL3, WRN, SMARCA4, NCOA6, RPA1, MSH6 and PARP1.
- a method for providing information for determining a treatment direction for cancer including the step of classifying.
- the method for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer using the same and the method for providing information for determining the treatment direction of cancer, the prognosis of cancer, that is, survival rate, chemo-sensitivity and resistance (chemo-sensitivity and resistance) ), and immunotherapy sensitivity and resistance, etc., can be predicted, so a more effective treatment strategy can be prepared. That is, it is possible to prevent overtreatment related to chemotherapy for patients in the group with good prognosis, and it is possible to develop treatment strategies tailored to individual patients, such as actively trying to apply antitherapeutic agents to groups with poor prognosis but good sensitivity to chemotherapy. it is possible to establish
- the mRNA expression level, especially the expression level of 32 genes, confirmed in the tumor tissue of gastric cancer patients (567 patients) of the Yonsei cohort is expressed using a z-score, and is a positive value expressed in each gene. indicates a relatively high mRNA expression level among the target patients, a negative value indicates a relatively low mRNA expression level, and 0 indicates a median value.
- FIG. 3 shows the results of Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of molecular subtypes in the cohorts of the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG) ( FIG. 3A ) and Son et al. ( FIG. 3B ).
- a log-rank test was used to investigate the statistical significance of differences in overall survival observed between molecular subtypes.
- Figure 4A relates to risk scores for predicting 5-year overall survival.
- Figure 4A is using the Yonsei cohort as a training set, constructing a support vector machine (SVM) with a linear kernel using the expression levels of 32 genes to evaluate the 5-year overall survival rate, Risk scores were applied to the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG), Back of Hand and Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts.
- the dashed curve represents the 95% confidence interval.
- the rug plot at the top of the x-axis represents the risk score for each patient.
- Figure 4B shows the Kaplan-Meier curve for overall survival stratified by risk group, where low risk is a risk score below the 25th percentile, and medium risk is a score above the 25th percentile and below the 75th percentile, and high risk was defined as a score above the 75th percentile.
- Figure 5 shows that molecular subtypes of the present invention are associated with response to adjuvant 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and platinum chemotherapy, respectively, for overall survival of patients treated at Yonsei University.
- 6 shows whether ACTA2 mRNA and protein expression levels are prognostic for overall survival.
- 6A shows Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival stratified by subgroups of elderly gastric cancer patients based on ACTA2 mRNA expression levels, where the absence of ACTA2 mRNA expression is associated with good prognosis, and high levels of ACTA2 mRNA The patient subgroup with expression has a poor prognosis.
- Figure 6B shows the Kaplan-Meier curve for Overall Survival stratified by subgroups of gastric cancer patients at Seoul St. Mary Hospital based on the expression level of ACTA2 protein. High levels of ACTA2 protein. It is shown that patient subgroups with expression are associated with poor overall survival, and patient subgroups with low levels of ACTA2 protein expression are associated with good overall survival.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a support vector machine (SVM) having a linear kernel learned using four molecular subtypes based on a 32-gene signature in the Yonsei cohort, after constructing a support vector machine (SVM) at Samsung Hospital (Samsung).
- SVM support vector machine
- FIG. 9 shows patients of the Stomach Cancer cohort of TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) through MSI-H and MSS information, and mRNA expression levels of ACTA2 into four subgroups, i.e. 1) MSI- ACTA2 high subgroup with H and high expression of ACTA2 mRNA, 2) ACTA2 low subgroup with MSI-H and low expression of ACTA2 mRNA, 3) ACTA2 high subgroup with MSS, 4 ) MSS and shows that ACTA2 low subgroup exists.
- 10 is a KM plot showing that there is a statistically significant difference in overall survival between MSI-H or MSS & ACTA2 high or low subgroups of the TCGA gastric cancer cohort.
- the present inventors have found that, based on the expression level of 32 genes included in the altered pathway specific for gastric cancer, the prognosis of cancer, ie, survival rate, and suitability of anticancer therapy application can be predicted.
- the survival rate includes overall survival rate, for example, 5-year overall survival rate.
- the 32-gene assay of the present invention may have the potential to improve the accuracy of cancer treatment.
- 'expression of a gene' is intended to include the expression level of mRNA of a gene or protein thereof.
- 'prognosis' refers to predicting various conditions of a patient according to cancer, such as the possibility of cure of cancer, the possibility of recurrence after treatment, and the possibility of survival of the patient after cancer is diagnosed, and in the present invention, for example, the survival rate , chemo-sensitivity, chemo-resistance, immunotherapy sensitivity, resistance (immunotherapy resistance), or any combination thereof means including the treatment prognosis of anti-cancer therapy.
- the prognosis may refer to a prognosis for survival after diagnosis of cancer and a prognosis for treatment.
- the marker provided by the present invention it is possible to more easily predict the survival prognosis of cancer patients and the prognosis for chemotherapy treatment. This can contribute to increasing the survival rate after cancer onset.
- the 'prediction' relates to whether and/or the likelihood that the patient will respond favorably or unfavorably to the treatment and survive after treatment of the patient.
- the marker composition of the present invention can be used clinically to make a treatment decision by selecting the most appropriate treatment modality for a patient with cancer.
- the prediction method of the present invention may be used, for example, to determine whether a patient responds favorably to a treatment regimen, or to predict whether long-term survival of a patient is possible after a treatment regimen.
- the 'anticancer therapy' used in the present invention is intended to include treatment using a (chemical) anticancer agent and/or an immune anticancer agent.
- the marker composition for predicting cancer prognosis of the present invention is mRNA of at least one gene selected from the group consisting of ESR1, BEST1, ACTA2, HIPK2, IGSF9, ASCC2, JUN, PPP2R5A, SMAD3, CREBBP, EP300 and DDX5 Or to include an agent for measuring the expression level of its protein.
- the composition comprises an agent for measuring the expression level of the mRNA or protein thereof of the ACTA2 gene, and the ACTA2 gene and ESR1, BEST1, HIPK2, IGSF9, ASCC2, JUN, PPP2R5A, SMAD3, CREBBP, EP300 and DDX5 At least one selected from the group consisting of, or at least two, or an agent for measuring the expression level of mRNA of the entire gene or protein thereof may be included.
- it may include an agent for measuring the expression level of mRNA of at least one gene selected from the group consisting of BEST1, ACTA2, ESR1, CREBBP, and EP300 or a protein thereof.
- the marker composition for predicting cancer prognosis of the present invention is at least one selected from the group consisting of FHL2, PML, BRCA1, WT1, AREG and TP63, or at least two, or the entire gene mRNA or protein expression level It may further include an agent to be measured.
- the marker composition for predicting cancer prognosis of the present invention is at least one selected from the group consisting of TP53, HSF1, NCOA6IP, PAWR, FAM96A, WTAP, PCNA, GNL3, WRN, SMARCA4, NCOA6, RPA1, MSH6 and PARP1, Or at least two, or an agent for measuring the expression level of mRNA of the entire gene or protein thereof may be further included.
- the gene group consisting of ESR1, BEST1, ACTA2, HIPK2, IGSF9, ASCC2, JUN, PPP2R5A, SMAD3, CREBBP, EP300 and DDX5 may be referred to as the I gene group;
- the gene group consisting of FHL2, PML, BRCA1, WT1, AREG and TP63 may be referred to as the II gene group;
- the gene group consisting of TP53, HSF1, NCOA6IP, PAWR, FAM96A, WTAP, PCNA, GNL3, WRN, SMARCA4, NCOA6, RPA1, MSH6 and PARP1 may be referred to as the III gene group.
- the cancer for which the prognosis can be predicted using the marker composition of the present invention may be selected from the group consisting of gastric cancer, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, brain cancer, uterine cancer, skin cancer, pancreatic cancer lung cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, and breast cancer, preferably is stomach cancer.
- 'measuring the expression level of mRNA' refers to measuring the amount of mRNA in a process of confirming the mRNA expression level of genes in a biological sample.
- Analytical methods for this include reverse transcription polymerase reaction (RT-PCR), competitive reverse transcription polymerase reaction (Competitive RT-PCR), real-time reverse transcription polymerase reaction (Real-time RT-PCR), RNase protection assay (RPA; RNase protection) assay), Northern blotting, and a DNA chip, but is not limited thereto.
- the agent for measuring the mRNA expression level of a gene includes a primer, a probe or an antisense nucleotide that specifically binds to the mRNA of each gene. Since information on each gene according to the present invention is known to GenBank, UniProt, etc., those skilled in the art can easily design primers, probes or antisense nucleotides that specifically bind to the mRNA of each gene based on this.
- the term 'primer' refers to a single that can serve as the starting point of template-directed DNA synthesis under suitable conditions (ie, four different nucleoside triphosphates and a polymerization enzyme) at a suitable temperature and in a suitable buffer. -stranded oligonucleotides.
- a suitable length of a primer may vary depending on various factors, such as temperature and the use of the primer.
- the sequence of the primer does not need to have a completely complementary sequence to a partial sequence of the template, it is sufficient as long as it has sufficient complementarity within a range capable of hybridizing with the template to perform an intrinsic function of the primer.
- the primer in the present invention does not need to have a sequence that is perfectly complementary to the nucleotide sequence of each gene as a template, and it is sufficient if it has sufficient complementarity within a range that can hybridize to this gene sequence and act as a primer.
- the primer includes a pair of forward and reverse primers, but is preferably a primer pair that provides analysis results with specificity and sensitivity. Since the nucleic acid sequence of the primer is a sequence that is inconsistent with a non-target sequence present in the sample, only the target gene sequence containing the complementary primer binding site is amplified and when the primer is a primer that does not cause non-specific amplification, high specificity can be conferred have.
- the 'amplification reaction' refers to a reaction for amplifying a nucleic acid molecule, and the amplification reactions of these genes are well known in the art, for example, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) , ligase chain reaction (LCR), electron mediated amplification (TMA), nucleic acid sequence substrate amplification (NASBA), and the like.
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- RT-PCR reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
- LCR ligase chain reaction
- TMA electron mediated amplification
- NASBA nucleic acid sequence substrate amplification
- the term 'probe' refers to a linear oligomer of natural or modified monomers or linkages, includes deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides, and can specifically hybridize to a target nucleotide sequence, It means that it exists or is artificially synthesized.
- the probe according to the present invention may be single-stranded, preferably an oligodeoxyribonucleotide.
- Probes of the invention may include native dNMPs (ie, dAMP, dGMP, dCMP and dTMP), nucleotide analogs or derivatives.
- the probe of the present invention may also contain ribonucleotides.
- the expression level of the protein preferably refers to a polypeptide generated through a translation process from an mRNA in which each gene is expressed, and a material capable of measuring the level of each protein is specific for each protein. It may include 'antibodies' such as polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, and recombinant antibodies capable of binding positively.
- the marker composition for predicting cancer prognosis of the present invention may further include a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier includes carriers and vehicles commonly used in the pharmaceutical field, and specifically, ion exchange resins, alumina, aluminum stearate, lecithin, serum proteins (eg, human serum albumin), buffer substances (eg, Various phosphates, glycine, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, partial glyceride mixtures of saturated vegetable fatty acids), water, salts or electrolytes (eg protamine sulfate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride and zinc salts), colloidal silica, magnesium trisilicate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulosic substrates, polyethylene glycol, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyarylate, wax, polyethylene glycol or wool paper, and the like.
- a lubricant may be further included in addition to the above components.
- a wetting agent may be further included in addition to the above components.
- an emulsifying agent may be further included in addition to the above components.
- a suspending agent may be further included in addition to the above components.
- the cancer prognosis prediction method of the present invention comprises the steps of measuring the expression level of mRNA or protein of each gene of the marker composition for predicting the prognosis of cancer; and comparing the expression level of the measured gene mRNA or protein thereof.
- the comparison is to relatively compare the expression level of the measured gene mRNA or its protein.
- methods such as nearest neighbor classifier, partial-least squares, SVM, AdaBoost, and clustering-based classification may be used.
- various statistical processing methods may be used.
- a logistic regression analysis method may be used in one embodiment.
- the cancer prognosis prediction method of the present invention ESR1, BEST1, ACTA2, HIPK2, IGSF9, ASCC2, JUN, PPP2R5A, SMAD3, CREBBP, EP300 and at least one gene selected from the group I gene selected from the group consisting of DDX5, for example,
- ESR1, BEST1, HIPK2, ASCC2, JUN, EP300, CREBBP and DDX5 is relatively high, preferably the expression level of the mRNA or protein thereof of ACTA2 is relatively high
- TP53, HSF1, NCOA61P, PAWR, FAM96A, WTAP, PCNA, GLN3, WRN, WRN, SMARCA4, NCOA6, RPA1, MSH6 and PARP1 or a protein thereof is relatively high
- the expression level of the mRNA or protein thereof of ACTA2 is relatively low, the prognosis of chemotherapy is poor and the prognosis of immunotherapy is good.
- At least one gene selected from the group consisting of FHL2, PML, BRCA1, WT1, AREG and TP63 for example, at least one of FHL2, PML, BRCA1, WT1, AREG and TP63, using the marker composition of the II gene group.
- FHL2, PML, BRCA1, WT1, AREG and TP63 using the marker composition of the II gene group.
- the expression level of one mRNA or its protein is relatively high, more preferably at the same time, when the expression level of the mRNA or its protein of ACTA2 is relatively low, the prognosis of chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy is expected to be good. It may be to further include the step of determining.
- the prognosis may be survival rate, chemo-sensitivity, chemo-resistance, immunotherapy sensitivity, immunotherapy resistance, or any combination thereof.
- whether the expression level of the mRNA or its protein of a gene is high is determined by comparing the measured expression level of the mRNA of the gene or its protein, for example, the overall average expression of the measured mRNA of the gene or its protein If it exceeds this based on the amount, it can be determined that the expression level is high.
- the expression level of the gene corresponding to the positive region can be determined by converting the mRNA expression level to a z-score and drawing a heat map. can be considered high.
- the mRNA expression level of the gene whose mRNA expression level using bulk mRNA sequencing is log2 (Fragments Per Kilobase of transcript per Million mapped reads (FPKM) +1) is measured.
- FPKM Frcent Per Kilobase of transcript per Million mapped reads
- ACTA2 If it is less than or equal to 3, it can be classified as having a low level of ACTA2 expression. For example, referring to FIG. 9 , when the Log2(FPKM+1) value is 5 or more, the expression level of ACTA2 is high, and when it is less than 5, it can be seen that the expression level is low. Other genes can be classified as having high or low expression levels in the same or similar manner as above.
- the association with the risk of death can be independently confirmed by the marker composition of the present invention, it can be seen that it can be a criterion for prognosis independently of conventionally known clinical and pathological variables.
- a method for providing information for determining a treatment direction for cancer According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for providing information for determining a treatment direction for cancer.
- the information providing method for determining the treatment direction of cancer of the present invention is selected from the group I gene consisting of ESR1, BEST1, ACTA2, HIPK2, IGSF9, ASCC2, JUN, PPP2R5A, SMAD3, CREBBP, EP300 and DDX5 the expression level of mRNA or protein thereof of at least one gene; mRNA of at least one gene selected from the group II gene consisting of FHL2, PML, BRCA1, WT1, AREG, and TP63 or an expression level of a protein thereof; and TP53, HSF1, NCOA6IP, PAWR, FAM96A, WTAP, PCNA, GNL3, WRN, SMARCA4, NCOA6, RPA1, MSH6 and PARP1.
- the patient group 2 may be a patient in which the mRNA expression level of the I to III gene groups is not differentiated between the I to III gene groups, that is, the gene expression level in particular in a specific gene group is increased across the I to III gene groups, etc. This means that there is no trend of
- the method of providing information for determining the treatment direction of cancer of the present invention further comprises the steps of predicting that anticancer therapy using a chemical anticancer agent is unsuitable for patient group 1; predicting that patient group 3 is suitable for anticancer therapy using chemotherapy; and patient group 4 may include at least one of predicting that anticancer therapy using chemotherapy is unsuitable.
- the anticancer agent is a combination of at least one chemotherapy agent selected from fluorouracil (5-FU), bleomycin and epirubicin based on platinum. It is possible, preferably platinum (Platinum) or platinum (Platinum) and fluorouracil (fluorouracil, 5-FU) will be a combination chemotherapy.
- group 3 patients showed improved survival rate with respect to chemotherapy using 5-FU and platinum-based chemotherapy, and in the case of group 2 patients, improvement with respect to treatment using 5-FU alone chemotherapy It was confirmed that the survival rate was obtained.
- group 3 patients showed good responses to both 5-FU and platinum doublet chemotherapy and anti-PD-1 treatment, so the clinical trials of chemo- and immuno-oncology combinations in this patient population were attempt may be considered.
- group 1 patient showed the best prognosis, it was confirmed that the prognosis was worsened when chemotherapy using chemotherapy, for example, 5-FU and platinum treatment was applied. Therefore, for group 1 patients, a strategy of excluding chemotherapy using chemotherapy may be considered.
- the method for providing information for determining the treatment direction of cancer of the present invention comprises the steps of predicting that at least one patient group of patient group 1 and patient group 3 will be suitable for immunotherapy using an immune anticancer agent; and predicting that at least one patient group of patient group 2 and patient group 4 will be unsuitable for immunotherapy using an immune anticancer agent.
- the immune anticancer agent may be at least one immunocancer agent selected from an anti-PD1 immunotherapy agent (Anti PD1 inhibitor), an anti-CTLA4 (Anti CTLA4) immunotherapy agent, and an anti-PDL1 (Anti PDL1) immune anticancer agent.
- Anti PD1 inhibitor an anti-PD1 immunotherapy agent
- Anti CTLA4 Anti CTLA4
- Anti PDL1 Anti PDL1
- the method may further include diagnosing microsatellite instability (MSI) for determining the treatment direction of cancer.
- MSI microsatellite instability
- the biomarker of the present invention for example, at least one of gene group I, preferably, the survival probability is significantly different when the expression of the ACTA2 gene is high and when the expression is low.
- the marker composition for predicting the prognosis of cancer of the present invention with the diagnosis of microsatellite instability (MSI), which is widely used in the art, the patient is classified into a more detailed group that has not been previously distinguished, and the prognosis is improved. It is expected to be able to predict and determine the most effective treatment direction for the patient.
- MSI microsatellite instability
- the marker composition for predicting the prognosis of cancer of the present invention the method for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer using the same, and the method for providing information for determining the treatment direction of cancer , it is possible to predict the prognosis of cancer and chemo-sensitivity to immuno-oncology and/or chemo-cancer drugs, so that a more effective treatment strategy can be prepared.
- microarray-based mRNA expression profiles from pretreated tumor samples from 567 patients who underwent resection at Yonsei University. 89% of patients had stage II or III disease and the median duration of follow-up was 61 months.
- Gastric cancer-specific pathways useful for prognosis prediction include the 32 genes in Table 1 below, including TP53, BRCA1, MSH6, PARP1, and ACTA2, in which DNA damage response, TGF- ⁇ signaling, and cell proliferation pathways are integrated. confirmed that.
- FHL2, PML, BRCA1, WT1, AREG and TP63 are genes in apoptotic signaling and cell proliferation pathways, and are referred to as gene group I; ESR1, BEST1, ACTA2, HIPK2, IGSF9, ASCC2, JUN, PPP2R5A, SMAD3, CREBBP, EP300 and DDX5 are genes found in TGF- ⁇ , SMAD and estrogen receptor signaling and mesenchymal morphogenesis pathways, the II gene referred to as a group; TP53, HSF1, NCOA6IP, PAWR, FAM96A, WTAP, PCNA, GNL3, WRN, SMARCA4, NCOA6, RPA1, MSH6 and PARP1 are genes involved in cell cycle, DNA damage response and repair, and mismatch repair. , referred to as the III gene group.
- the present inventors performed consensus clustering based on the expression levels of the 32 genes, and based on a consensus cumulative distribution function (CDF) plot and a delta area plot, as well as manual investigation of the consensus matrix, 4 divisions of groups 1 to 4 molecular subtypes were found (Fig. 1).
- CDF consensus cumulative distribution function
- Tumors from group 2 did not show a distinct pattern of overexpressed genes. In this case, overexpression is determined by relatively comparing the expression levels of 32 genes.
- Multivariate Cox proportional-hazard analysis using significant variables for univariate analysis showed that age, stage, etc., molecular subtypes of the present invention were independently associated with mortality risk (Table 2). That is, this indicates that the 32-gene signature of the present invention can serve as a prognostic criterion independent of known important clinical and pathological variables.
- the Yonsei cohort included patients treated prior to establishment of adjuvant chemotherapy as standard of care. Thus, it was possible to compare patients treated with one of the following three adjuvant chemotherapy regimens with those who underwent surgery alone:
- the subtype of the present invention can also predict the response to immune anticancer drugs, for example, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and anti-PD1 immunotherapeutic agents (Anti PD1 inhibitor), anti-CTLA4 (Anti CTLA4) as immunotherapeutic therapies. )
- immune anticancer drugs for example, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and anti-PD1 immunotherapeutic agents (Anti PD1 inhibitor), anti-CTLA4 (Anti CTLA4) as immunotherapeutic therapies.
- Anti PD1 inhibitor anti-CTLA4
- Anti CTLA4 Anti CTLA4
- the overall response rate (ORR) of patients with refractory, metastatic and/or recurrent gastric cancer treated with immunotherapy was less than 20% (12% in KEYNOTE- 059 (Fuchs et al, JAMA ONC, 2018), 16% in KEYNOTE-061 (Shitara et al, Lancet, 2018), 11% in ATTRACTION-2 (Kang et al, Lancet, 2017)).
- the risk ratio (Hazard Ratio, HR) was calculated using age, cancer stage, Lorraine type, perineuronal invasion status, and chemotherapy treatment as mediators.
- ACTA2 as a prognostic and predictive biomarker
- TCGA gastric cancer mRNA expression data also showed that high and low ACTA2 patient subgroups showed statistically significant different overall survival outcomes.
- ACTA2 immunohistochemistry reading was performed according to the reading criteria in Table 4 below, reading was performed on peritumoral stromal cells in a gastric cancer tissue microarray (TMA), and the staining intensity and staining area score were measured. Based on the score calculated by multiplying each, it is divided into two groups, group 1 (ACTA2 low subgroup, score 0-3) and group 2 (ACTA2 high subgroup, score 4-6), and is divided into two groups with clinical pathologic factors. Correlation and differences in survival rates of each group were analyzed.
- the method of selecting gastric cancer patients sensitive to (or poor prognosis) to chemotherapy or immunocancer drugs through the MSI-H biomarker was applied to patients sensitive to chemotherapy and immunotherapy through the ACTA2 biomarker combination ( For example, MSI-H or MSS & ACTA2 low subgroups) and resistant patients (eg, MSI-H or MSS & ACTA2 high subgroups) may be distinguished.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (18)
- ESR1, BEST1, ACTA2, HIPK2, IGSF9, ASCC2, JUN, PPP2R5A, SMAD3, CREBBP, EP300 및 DDX5로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나의 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현 수준을 측정하는 제제를 포함하는, 암의 예후 예측용 마커 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 암의 예후 예측용 마커 조성물은 생존율, 화학 항암제 감수성(chemo-sensitivity), 화학 항암제 저항성 (chemo-resistance), 면역항암제 감수성(immunotherapy sensitivity), 저항성 (immunotherapy resistance) 또는 이들의 어떠한 조합인 항암 요법의 치료 예후의 예측용인, 암의 예후 예측용 마커 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 조성물은 ACTA2 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현 수준을 측정하는 제제를 포함하는 것인, 암의 예후 예측용 마커 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, FHL2, PML, BRCA1, WT1, AREG 및 TP63로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나의 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현 수준을 측정하는 제제를 추가로 포함하는, 암의 예후 예측용 마커 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, TP53, HSF1, NCOA6IP, PAWR, FAM96A, WTAP, PCNA, GNL3, WRN, SMARCA4, NCOA6, RPA1, MSH6 및 PARP1로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나의 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현 수준을 측정하는 제제를 추가로 포함하는, 암의 예후 예측용 마커 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 암은 유방암, 위암, 방광암, 신장암, 간암, 뇌암, 폐암, 대장암, 자궁암, 피부암 및 췌장암로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는, 암의 예후 예측용 마커 조성물.
- 제1항 내지 제6항 중 어느 한 한의 암의 예후 예측용 마커 조성물의 각 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현량을 측정하는 단계; 및상기 측정된 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현량을 비교하는 단계를 포함하는, 암의 예후 예측 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 예후는 생존율, 화학 항암제 감수성(chemo-sensitivity), 화학 항암제 저항성 (chemo-resistance), 면역항암제 감수성(immunotherapy sensitivity), 저항성 (immunotherapy resistance) 또는 이들의 어떠한 조합인, 암의 예후 예측 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, ESR1, BEST1, ACTA2, HIPK2, IGSF9, ASCC2, JUN, PPP2R5A, SMAD3, CREBBP, EP300 및 DDX5로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나의 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현 수준이 상대적으로 높은 경우 화학 항암제 치료의 예후가 나쁠 것 및 면역 화학 항암제 치료의 예후가 나쁠 것으로 판단하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 암의 예후 예측 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 제4항의 마커 조성물을 이용하여 FHL2, PML, BRCA1, WT1, AREG 및 TP63로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나의 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현 수준이 상대적으로 높은 경우 화학 항암제 치료 및 면역항암제 치료의 예후가 좋을 것으로 판단하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 암의 예후 예측 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 제5항의 마커 조성물을 이용하여 TP53, HSF1, NCOA6IP, PAWR, FAM96A, WTAP, PCNA, GNL3, WRN, SMARCA4, NCOA6, RPA1, MSH6 및 PARP1로 이루어진 그룹으로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나의 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현 수준이 상대적으로 높은 경우 화학 항암제 치료의 예후가 나쁘고, 면역항암제 치료의 예후는 좋을 것으로 판단하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 암의 예후 예측 방법..
- ESR1, BEST1, ACTA2, HIPK2, IGSF9, ASCC2, JUN, PPP2R5A, SMAD3, CREBBP, EP300 및 DDX5로 이루어진 제I 유전자 그룹으로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나의 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현량; FHL2, PML, BRCA1, WT1, AREG 및 TP63로 이루어진 제II 유전자 그룹으로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나의 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현량; 및 TP53, HSF1, NCOA6IP, PAWR, FAM96A, WTAP, PCNA, GNL3, WRN, SMARCA4, NCOA6, RPA1, MSH6 및 PARP1로 이루어진 제III 유전자 그룹으로부터 선택되는 적어도 하나의 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현량을 측정하는 단계; 및상기 측정된 유전자의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현량을 비교하여, 세 유전자 그룹 중 제III 유전자 그룹의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현 수준이 상대적으로 높은 경우 환자 그룹 1로 구분하고, 제II 유전자 그룹의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현 수준이 상대적으로 높은 경우 환자 그룹 3으로 구분하고, 제I 유전자 그룹의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현 수준이 상대적으로 높은 경우 환자 그룹 4로 구분하고, 그 외의 환자를 그룹 2로 구분하는 단계를 포함하는, 암의 치료 방향 결정을 위한 정보 제공 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 환자를 그룹 2는 I 내지 III 유전자 그룹의 mRNA 또는 이의 단백질의 발현 수준이 I 내지 III 유전자 그룹 사이에서 구분되지 않는, 암의 치료 방향 결정을 위한 정보 제공 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 환자 그룹 1은 화학 항암제를 이용한 항암 요법이 부적합한 것으로 예측하는 단계; 환자 그룹 3은 화학 항암제를 이용한 항암 요법이 적합한 것으로 예측하는 단계; 및 환자 그룹 4는 화학 항암제를 이용한 항암 요법이 부적합한 것으로 예측하는 단계 중 적어도 하나의 단계를 포함하는, 암의 치료 방향 결정을 위한 정보 제공 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서, 상기 화학 항암제는 백금(Platinum)을 기본으로 하여 플루오로우라실(fluorouracil, 5-FU), 블레오마이신(bleomycin) 및 에피루비신(epirubicin)으로부터 선택된 적어도 하나의 화학 항암제가 조합된 복합항암제인, 암의 치료 방향 결정을 위한 정보 제공 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 환자 그룹 1 및 환자 그룹 3 중 적어도 하나의 환자 그룹은 면역 항암제를 이용한 면역치료 요법이 적합한 것으로 예측하는 단계; 및 환자 그룹 2 및 환자그룹 4 중 적어도 하나의 환자 그룹을 면역 항암제를 이용한 면역치료 요법이 부적합한 것으로 예측하는 단계 중 적어도 하나의 단계를 포함하는, 암의 치료 방향 결정을 위한 정보 제공 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 면역 항암제는 항-PD1 면역항암제(Anti PD1 inhibitor), 항-CTLA4(Anti CTLA4) 면역항암제, 및 항-PDL1(Anti PDL1) 면역항암제로부터 선택된 적어도 하나의 면역항암제인, 암의 치료 방향 결정을 위한 정보 제공 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 암의 치료 방향 결정을 위하여 현미부수체 불안정성(MSI, microsatellite instability)을 진단하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는, 암의 치료 방향 결정을 위한 정보 제공 방법.
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KR1020237033719A KR20230171926A (ko) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-12-14 | 암의 예후 예측용 마커 조성물, 이를 이용한 암의 예후예측 방법 및 암의 치료 방향 결정을 위한 정보 제공 방법 |
CN202180095136.3A CN117321224A (zh) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-12-14 | 用于预测癌症预后的标记组合物、使用其的预测癌症预后的方法以及提供用于确定癌症治疗方向的信息的方法 |
JP2023553476A JP2024509163A (ja) | 2021-03-03 | 2021-12-14 | 癌の予後予測用マーカー組成物、それを用いた癌の予後予測方法及び癌の治療方向を決定するための情報提供方法 |
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CARPENTER RICHARD L., GÖKMEN-POLAR YESIM: "HSF1 as a Cancer Biomarker and Therapeutic Target", CURRENT CANCER DRUG TARGETS, BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, HILVERSUM, NL, vol. 19, no. 7, 2 August 2019 (2019-08-02), NL , pages 515 - 524, XP055964021, ISSN: 1568-0096, DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666181018162117 * |
JUDITH E. CARSER; JENNIFER E. QUINN; CAROLINE O. MICHIE; EAMONN J. O'BRIEN; W. GLENN MCCLUGGAGE; PERRY MAXWELL; ELISABETH LAM: "BRCA1 is both a prognostic and predictive biomarker of response to chemotherapy in sporadic epithelial ovarian cancer", GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY., ACADEMIC PRESS, LONDON., GB, vol. 123, no. 3, 16 August 2011 (2011-08-16), GB , pages 492 - 498, XP028110035, ISSN: 0090-8258, DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.08.017 * |
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