WO2022177527A1

WO2022177527A1 - A bacterial weaving and production method

Info

Publication number: WO2022177527A1
Application number: PCT/TR2022/050075
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ece Gözen AKIN
Original assignee: Gozen Institute Bi̇o Materyal Araştirma Geli̇şti̇rme Ve Tasarim Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇
Priority date: 2021-02-19
Filing date: 2022-01-27
Publication date: 2022-08-25

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bacterial weaving and production method (100) that enables the layers obtained by bacterial or microbial means to be brought together and combined.

Description

A BACTERIAL WEAVING AND PRODUCTION METHOD

Technical Field

This invention relates to a bacterial weaving and production method that enables the production of a new material by combining the biopolymer layers with 3D nonwoven surfaces consisting of nanofibers obtained from bacterial cellulose producing microorganisms and in a preferred embodiment, combining them with cotton yarns with a weaving pattern.

Background Art

In textile technology, there are 3 different methods of obtaining textile surfaces in order to meet the needs of people for clothing, decoration and industrial textile surfaces: woven surfaces, knitted (tricotage) surfaces and nonwoven surfaces. Woven fabric is formed by connecting two groups of yams (warp and weft) at right angles to each other with a certain system called texture weaving while passing under and over each other. Weaving is a textile process that consists of crossing two yarn systems at right angles according to certain rules. The resulting yam crossing is called binding or knitting (texture). The longitudinal yams that make up the weaving are called warp and the horizontal yarns are called weft. In weaving, the warp yams are parallel to each other in a certain number and side by side. From these two yam groups, warps may be called active yarn system and wefts may be called passive yarn system. The knitting structure of the fabric in the weaving process depends on the movement of the active yarns, namely the warps. Thus, different knitting types can be obtained by managing only the active yams. In weaving machines, shedding systems are used to manage active yams: cam (eccentric or heart), dobby or jacquard. The production processes of textile products are different from each other and require quite long time. In addition to the energy and natural resources consumed in weaving production methods, the production stages of the yams to be used in its production also include processes that are extremely harmful to the environment. For example, fertilizers and pesticides used during the cultivation of cotton, which is most commonly used in the production of woven fabric, pose very important threats in terms of soil, water, environmental pollution and human health. Although it is considered environmentally friendly in terms of being a natural fiber, it has been determined that stages of cotton fiber becoming a product and its usage stages cause many negative effects in terms of the environment. It takes around 2 thousand liters of water to produce the average 250 grams of cotton required for a T-shirt, and around 10 thousand liters of water to produce a pair of j eans. At this point, both in the weaving method and in the production of the necessary raw materials to be used in weaving production, environmentalist methods that are obtained by biological methods and that minimize the use of water, energy and chemicals were needed.

There are many processes and factors that affect the course during the weaving process for fabric production in the textile field. In order for weaving to take place, operations such as shedding, picking and incorporating the weft into the fabric by beating-up must be carried out. In the current textile productions, a lot of waste yarn and products arise during the said stages in the weaving process. In this case, there is a need for a weaving method that can be obtained with purely biological products, which enables a weaving process to be carried out without using animal and petroleum-based chemicals and without waste yam or products.

Tencel fiber and silver ion composite fiber type fabric and production method are mentioned in the Chinese patent document with the number CN111636191 A and the priority date 01.06.2020 in the state of the art. In the invention in the said document, a tencel fiber and silver ion composite fiber fabric and a production method thereof are described. Composite fiber fabric is formed by blending and weaving tencel fiber and polyesteryam, and the volume percentage of tencel fiber to polyester yarn is 30%: 70%. The fabric can prevent the odor produced by microbial growth and absorb some common body odors, so that the fabric smell is kept fresh, the growth of various gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria and fungi can be effectively controlled, the low strength defects common to viscose fibers, particularly the low wet strength are overcome. The fabric has a feel like real silk and exquisite luster, has good moisture absorption of viscose fibers, has excellent moisture absorption speed and capacity, can effectively reduce bacterial growth, and meanwhile is elegant, good in squeezability, and smooth to touch. In the invention, which is in the state of the art, an antimicrobial fabric is produced by using tencel fiber and silver ion composite fiber by using weaving method and pattern.

In the bacterial weaving and production method included in the invention, which is the subject of the application, bacterial biopolymer layers produced by the fermentation method are used. Bacterial biopolymer layers produced by the fermentation method are used when wet. In bacterial weaving and production method, after placing one of the bacterial biopolymer layers produced by the fermentation method into a pulley mold, a weaving pattern is created by using the notches on the pulley mold, placing the organic yarns through different notches. In the invention, which is the subject of the application, the bacterial biopolymer layer in the wet form is placed on the bacterial weaving pattern formed on the wet form of the biopolymer layer. The weaving pattern created with organic yarns between two bacterial biopolymer layers is dried together with the biopolymer layers. After drying the bacterial layers, bacterial woven fabric is obtained.

In the current technique, there is no description regarding the technical features of the present invention application and the technical effects thereof. In present embodiments, there is no weaving method that can be obtained with purely biological products, which enables a weaving process to be carried out without using animal and petroleum-based chemicals and without waste yam or products. Objects of Invention:

The object of this invention is to carry out a bacterial weaving and production method that prevents the issues that will occur due to too many processes and active factors that affect the duration during the weaving process for fabric production.

Another object of the present invention is to realize a bacterial weaving and production method that avoids the use of animal and petroleum-based chemicals.

Another object of the present invention is to carry out a bacterial weaving and production method in which the geometric form of the pulley mold, which enables the bacterial weaving pattern to be formed, can be changed according to the textile product to be produced.

Another object of the present invention is to carry out a bacterial weaving and production method that prevents waste generation after the bacterial weaving pattern is formed, since the geometric form of the pulley mold can be changed according to the textile product to be produced.

Another object of the present invention is to carry out a bacterial weaving and production method that enables the bacterial woven fabric, which is formed in a single size, to be cut according to the textile product to be formed, and then the waste bacterial woven fabric to be recycled after the process and used in the production of bioleather coated fabric.

Another object of the present invention is to carry out a bacterial weaving and production method that enables to obtain a strong bacterial woven fabric with high strength by inserting the yarns to the notches of the pulley mold and positioning them at different angles so that there is a layer on top of each other between the first bacterial layer and the second bacterial layer. Another object of the present invention is to carry out a bacterial weaving and production method that enables the use of even raw unprocessed yams by removing the steps of dyeing, washing and processing yarns in the weaving process and the use of energy and water in the steps.

In a preferred embodiment, another object of the present invention is to carry out a bacterial weaving and production method that enables making use of all waste yarns generated as a result of industrial weaving by way of reutilizing them thanks to a bacterial weaving method.

Summary of Invention

In a bacterial weaving and production method defined in the first claim and other claims depending on this claim, carried out to achieve the objects of the present invention, the layers obtained by bacterial or microbial means are brought together and combined. In the bacterial weaving and production method of the invention, which is the subject of the application, firstly the first bacterial layer and the second bacterial layer are formed from fungi or bacteria by fermentation method. The first bacterial layer and the second bacterial layer, which are produced from fungi or bacteria, are taken and sterilized by washing, purifying from microbial residues. After the first bacterial layer and the second bacterial layer are sterilized, the resulting first bacterial layer in wet form is taken and placed in the pulley mold. The said pulley mold can be in any geometric form. The geometrical form of pulley mold can be adjusted according to the mold of the relevant final product such as shoes, bags, and textiles for which the bacterial woven fabric obtained by the mentioned bacterial weaving and manufacture method will be employed. In this case, the product obtained by bacterial weaving is produced exactly the same as the mold of the final product and fabric waste can be prevented. Since the product mold used for bacterial weaving production is used the same as the mold of the final textile product, zero-waste production can be made. In the invention of the application, after the first bacterial layer is placed in the pulley mold, it is preferred to create a bacterial weaving pattern with yarns between the first bacterial layer and the second bacterial layer to be combined. When it is desired to create a pattern with yams between the bacterial layers, the desired pattern shape is provided by the yams according to the placement of the yarns in the mold, the way they are placed and the placement of the yams on top of each other. The yarns are passed through the notches on the pulley mold according to the bacterial weaving pattern to be created. There are notches at many points on the pulley mold, a pattern can be made from the yams by passing the yarns through these notches in the desired order and number. Thus, by placing the yarns in the pulley as desired, a weaving pattern (bacterial weaving pattern) is created with yams between the first and second bacterial layers.

The bacterial weaving pattern on the first bacterial layer can be formed in preferred shapes and forms. According to the bacterial weaving pattern to be created, the yams are placed in the notches in the pulley mold at different angles, in different numbers and in the preferred number of plies. After the bacterial weaving pattern is created on the first bacterial layer, the second bacterial layer is placed on the first bacterial layer and also on the created weaving pattern. After the second bacterial layer is placed on the first bacterial layer on which a bacterial weaving pattern is created, the dyeing process is carried out in the pulley mold with the bacterial weaving pattern between the combined first bacterial layer and the second bacterial layer. The topmost, that is, the second bacterial layer is dyed. When the upper bacterial layer is dyed, the dye is transferred to the yams and to the other bacterial layer at the bottom, thanks to the transparent cellulosic structure of the bacterial layer. Thus, the upper bacterial layer is dyed, resulting in dying lower bacterial layer, and thereby, two layers are dyed with a single dyeing step. Dying is performed over the first bacterial layer or the second bacterial layer. Then the bacterial layers and the yarn dry and combine together. If desired, gum arabic and glucose-based adhesives can be used to combine the bacterial layers. In the invention that is the subject of the application, when the dyeing process is performed on one of the first bacterial layer and the second bacterial layer combined with the bacterial weaving pattern, the transparent structure of the bacterial cellulose layer allows dyeing of all layers by passing dye to the other layer and bacterial weaving pattern. Finally, the bacterial woven fabric is obtained by removing the first bacterial layer and the second bacterial layer, which are dyed after being combined, from the pulley mold. Any preferred textile product (dress, shoe, bag, etc.) can be created with the said bacterial woven fabric.

Detailed Description of the Invention

The bacterial weaving and production method carried out to achieve the objects of the present invention are shown in the attached figures, which are;

Figure 1. It is the view of creating a bacterial weaving pattern with pulley molds and yarns.

Figure 2. It is the view of placing the second bacterial layer on the bacterial weaving pattern formed on the first bacterial layer.

Figure 3. It is the view of the bacterial weaving pattern created and bacterial woven fabric obtained.

Figure 4. It is the schematic view of the flow chart and the process steps of the bacterial weaving method.

The parts in the figures are numbered individually and the correspondence of these numbers are given below.

1. Bacterial woven fabric

2. First bacterial layer

3. Second bacterial layer

4. Pulley mold 4.1. Notch

5. Yam

6. Bacterial weaving pattern

A. First yam direction

B. Second yarn direction

C. Third yarn direction

D. Fourth yarn direction

100. Bacterial weaving and production method

A bacterial weaving and production method (100) that enables the production of a new material by combining the biopolymer layers (2, 3) consisting of bacterial cellulose with 3D nonwoven surfaces consisting of nanofibers obtained from bacterial cellulose producing microorganisms and in a preferred embodiment, combining them with cotton yams (5) with a weaving pattern in such that there is yam (5) between them mainly includes the steps of:

(101) removing the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) produced by the microorganisms producing bacterial cellulose, washing them and purifying them from microbial residues and sterilizing them,

(102) placing the prepared first bacterial layer (2) on the pulley mold (4),

(103) when it is preferred to create a bacterial weaving pattern (6) by yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined, passing the yams (5) through the notches (4.1) on the pulley mold (4) according to the bacterial weaving pattern (6) to be created,

(104) forming a bacterial weaving pattern (6) with yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined,

(105) placing the second bacterial layer (3) on the bacterial weaving pattern (6) formed on the first bacterial layer (2),

(106) drying the combined first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) together with the bacterial weaving pattern (6) therebetween in the pulley mold (4), (107) dyeing the combined first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3), preferably over the first bacterial layer (2) or the second bacterial layer (3) after drying together with the bacterial weaving pattern (6) between them,

(108) finally obtaining the bacterial woven fabric (1) by removing the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3), which are dyed after being combined, from the pulley mold (4).

The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of application enables the layers obtained by bacterial or microbial means to be brought together and combined. It actually indicates the same as the layer obtained by bacterial and microbial means, and it can be defined as bacterial or microbial in the literature.

In the bacterial weaving and production method (100), many negative effects that occur during the classical fabric production such as waste products, energy consumption, greenhouse gas formation, and waste chemicals are prevented.

With the bacterial weaving and production method (100), a product similar to a woven fabric normally used can be obtained by bacterial means. The bacterial product obtained by the bacterial weaving production method (100) is defined as bacterial woven fabric (1).

Thanks to the bacterial weaving and production method (100), the use of animal and petroleum-based chemicals is prevented. With the bacterial weaving and production method (100), the layers obtained bacterially are brought together with yam and combined, in other words, they are woven bacterially. A weaving pattern can be formed between the yam and the bacterial layers. The bacterial weaving process is carried out in a mould, preferably in a pulley mold (4). The geometric form of the pulley mold (4) used to create the bacterial weaving pattern (6) can be changed. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a pulley mold can be used in the same form as the mold of the product, which will be obtained with the bacterial woven fabric (1). For example, if a bag is to be produced with bacterial woven fabric (1), a pulley mold can be used in the same form as the production mold of the bag. Thus, with zero waste, bacterial woven fabric (1) exactly in the size of a bag mold can be generated by bacterial means.

The bacterial weaving and production method (100) allows the bacterial woven fabric (1), which is formed in a single size, to be cut according to the textile product to be formed, and then the waste bacterial woven fabric (1) to be recycled after the process and used in the production of bioleather coated fabric.

Thanks to the bacterial weaving and production method (100), yams (5) are placed between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3). Yarns (5) are passed into the notches (4.1) of the pulley mold (4) at different angles and positioned in the pulley mold and placed between the bacterial plates (2, 3). While yams (5) are passed into notches (4.1), a preferred pattern can be obtained with yams by passing them in a specific order, arrangement and number. Yarns (5) and the pattern obtained with the yarns provide a durable, robust bacterial woven fabric (1). Bacterial weaving and production method (100) is related to a new and unique looking bacterial weaving method and the product obtained thereby by combining linen, jute, cotton yarns with a structure made of bacterial cellulose nanofiber without being subjected to the classical weaving process.

In the bacterial weaving and production method (100) of an embodiment of the invention, the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) produced from fungi or bacteria are generated (101). In the process step of 101, the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are produced by the fermentation method from fungi and bacteria. In the process step of 101, the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are produced, preferably with a different fermentation method. In the present embodiment of the invention, in the process step of 101, while the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are produced by fermentation method, firstly a solution is prepared by adding black tea extract and glucose into pure water as raw material. When the prepared solution reaches a temperature between 20-40°C, acetic acid and cellulose producing bacteria or cellulose producing bacteria or cellulose producing bacteria and fungus are added and the said bacteria or fungi are multiplied, and a multiplied microorganism culture is prepared. Afterwards, 1-10% of black tea, 1-10% of green tea extract and 1-10% of glucose are added into pure hot water to prepare a solution. When the prepared solution reaches the appropriate temperature, a mixture of 1-5% acetic acid and glycerol and 1-10% lichen is added into it, and the fermentation liquid medium is prepared. Then, the microorganism culture is transferred to the growth baths into the liquid medium. It is produced by growing a pure bacterial biopolymer layer in static culture in a growth bath. Thus, the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are produced.

In the process step of 101 of present invention, microorganisms capable of producing cellulose are used in the production of the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3). A stock culture is created by multiplying stock kombu moulds containing as the said microorganisms capable of producing cellulose Komagataeibacter Xylinus, formerly known as Acetobacter Xylinum or Gluconacetobacter Xylinus and bacteria of the genus Bacterium Gluconicum and yeast of the genus Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces Pombae. Multiplied microorganism culture is obtained through the stock culture created with microorganisms capable of producing cellulose. The first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are produced with the said microorganism culture. The first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are obtained by the fermentation method with the microorganism culture obtained by multiplying. As the said bacterial cellulose producing microorganisms, microorganisms selected from the groups of the gram-negative aerobic bacilli of the Acetobacteraceae family, especially the genus of Komagataeibacter xylinus, formerly known as Acetobacter xylinum, or Gluconacetobacter xylinus, i.e. bacterium gluconicum and gluconobacter oxydans, and the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombae and a mixture thereof are used. The first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) obtained from the resulting bacterial cellulose in the invention of application do not harm the human body and are environmentally friendly. Since the degree of polymerization of bacterial cellulose is higher than that of vegetable cellulose, the resulting material has high tensile strength. Although bacterial cellulose has a unique structure, it is in the form of a three-dimensional network of ultrafme (nano-size) fibers.

In the bacterial weaving and production method (100) of an embodiment of the invention, the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) produced in the production step (101) of the process of the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) from fungi or bacteria are washed and purified with distilled water.

In the bacterial weaving and production method (100) of an embodiment of the invention, the first bacterial layer (2) is placed (102) in the pulley mold (4). Then, it is preferred to form a bacterial weaving pattern (6) with yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined. When it is preferred to create a bacterial weaving pattern (6) by yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined, the yams (5) are passed through the notches (4.1) on the pulley mold (4) according to the bacterial weaving pattern (6) to be created (103). The pulley mold (4), which is used to create the bacterial weaving pattern (6), can be in different geometric forms. The bacterial weaving pattern (6) can be formed on the first bacterial layer (2) in preferred shapes and forms, and depending on the bacterial weaving pattern (6) to be formed, the yarns (5) can be passed into the notches (4.1) of the pulley mold (4) at different angles. The geometric form of the pulley mold (4) can be changed depending on the textile product to be produced at the end. A bacterial weaving pattern (6) is formed with yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined (104). In an embodiment of the invention, there are notches (4.1) on the pulley mold (4), preferably with 1 cm gaps. The desired bacterial weaving pattern (6) can be obtained according to the yams (5) placed in the said notches (4.1) and the way the yams (5) are placed. The notches (4.1) can be positioned to completely surround the pulley mold (4). Thus, by passing the yarns (5) through the desired notches

(4.1), the desired bacterial weaving pattern (6) can be obtained with the yarns (5). The bacterial weaving pattern (6) created in the bacterial weaving and production method (100) can be made in preferred shapes. The position and number of notches

(4.1) in the pulley mold (4) provide an infinite combination of possibilities, thus providing a unique pattern gamut.

In an embodiment of the invention, bacterial weaving pattern (6) can be formed in the form of layers on top of each other by passing the yarns (5) in the horizontal first yam direction (A), vertical second yarn direction (B), right diagonal third yam direction (C) and left diagonal fourth yarn direction (D) into the notches (4.1) of pulley mold (4). Thus, the bacterial weaving pattern (6) is formed. The yarns (5) in an embodiment of the invention are selected from raw and natural materials. The yarns (5) contain natural fibers obtained from vegetable fibers such as cotton, linen, hemp, ramie, jute, hibiscus and/or selected from their mixture.

While creating the bacterial weaving pattern (6), dyeing with 1-10% of coconut oil, 1-10% of glycerol and 1-3% of natural flavors is also performed.

In an embodiment of the invention, while the bacterial weaving pattern (6) is created in the process step (104), different forms can be obtained by passing the yams (5) at different angles in the horizontal first yarn direction (A), vertical second yam direction (B), right diagonal third yam direction (C) and left diagonal fourth yam direction (D) into the notches (4.1) of pulley mold (4) such that yarns are on top of each other. In the present embodiment of the invention, in the process step of 104, the yarns (5) are placed horizontally in the first yarn direction (A) into the notches

(4.1) of the rectangular or quadrangular pulley mold (4), respectively, preferably with a gap of 1 cm between them. After the yarns (5) are placed in the first yarn direction (A), the yarns (5) are placed vertically on the yarns (5) in the first yam direction (A) by passing them through the notches (4.1) in the second yam direction (B). Afterwards, after the yams (5) are placed in the first yarn direction (A) and the second yarn direction (B), the yarns (5) are placed through the notches (4.1) in the third yarn direction (C) at an angle of 45 degrees to one side. On top of the three- ply yarns (5) placed in the first yam direction (A), second yarn direction (B) and third yarn direction (C), the yams (5) are placed through the notches (4.1) in the fourth yarn direction (D) at an angle of 45 degrees to another side opposite to the third yam direction (C). Thus, a strong bacterial weaving pattern (6) can be formed that is strong, robust and in a strength form against the forces applied in all axes. Bacterial weaving patterns (6) can be formed in very different forms by passing the yams (5) through the notches (4.1) in different directions.

The bacterial weaving and production method (100) in this embodiment of the invention is carried out as follows. In the bacterial weaving and production method (100), the layers obtained by bacterial or microbial means are brought together and combined. In the bacterial weaving and production method (100) of the invention, which is the subject of the application, firstly the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are formed from fungi or bacteria by fermentation method. The first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3), which are produced from fungi or bacteria, are taken and sterilized by washing, purifying from microbial residues (101). After the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are sterilized, the resulting first bacterial layer (2) in wet form is taken and placed in the pulley mold (4) (102). The said pulley mold (4) can be present in any geometric form. In the bacterial weaving and production method (100) mentioned in the present invention, the geometric form of the pulley mold (4) can be changed depending on the product to be formed from the bacterial woven fabric (1) to be finally obtained. In this case, bacterial product or fabric waste can be prevented. In the invention of the application, after the first bacterial layer (2) is placed in the pulley mold (4) (102), it is preferred to create a bacterial weaving pattern (6) with yams (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined (103). When it is preferred to create a bacterial weaving pattern (6) by yams (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3), the yarns (5) are passed through the notches (4.1) on the pulley mold (4) according to the bacterial weaving pattern (6) to be created. A bacterial weaving pattern (6) is formed with yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined therewith by passing through the notches (4.1) on the first bacterial layer (2) (104). The bacterial weaving pattern (6) can be formed on the first bacterial layer (2) in preferred shapes and forms, and depending on the bacterial weaving pattern (6) to be formed, the yarns (5) can be passed into the notches (4.1) of the pulley mold (4) at different angles. After the bacterial weaving pattern (6) is created on the first bacterial layer (2), the second bacterial layer (3) is placed on bacterial weaving pattern (6) created on the first bacterial layer (2) (105). After the second bacterial layer (3) is placed on the first bacterial layer (2) on which a bacterial weaving pattern (6) is created, the combined first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are dried in the pulley mold (4) together with the bacterial weaving pattern (6) between them (106). After drying together with the bacterial weaving pattern (6) between the combined first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3), it is preferably dyed over the first bacterial layer (2) or the second bacterial layer (3) (107).

In the invention that is the subject of the application, when the dyeing process is performed on one of the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) combined with the bacterial weaving pattern (6), since they are completely bacterial in nature, dyeing of all layers can be realized by passing dye to the other layer and bacterial weaving pattern. Finally, the bacterial woven fabric (1) is obtained by removing the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3), which are dyed after being combined, from the pulley mold (4) (108). Any preferred textile product (dress, shoe, bag, bed lining, etc.) can be created with the said bacterial woven fabric (1).

It is the bacterial woven fabric (1) obtained by a bacterial weaving production method (100), characterized in that it is produced by combining biopolymer layers (2, 3) with a three-dimensional nonwoven surface, consisting of nanofibers obtained from microorganisms producing bacterial cellulose, with yam (5) between them.

The bacterial woven fabric (1) is composed of at least three layers, with the primary bacterial layer (2) at the bottom, the yarns (5) above it, and the second bacterial layer (3) at the top.

The first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are produced by the bacterial cellulose producing microorganisms. Microorganisms forming the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are produced by microorganisms selected from the groups of the gram-negative aerobic bacilli of the Acetobacteraceae family, especially the genus of Komagataeibacter xylinus, formerly known as Acetobacter xylinum, or Gluconacetobacter xylinus, i.e. bacterium gluconicum and gluconobacter oxydans, or the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombae or a mixture thereof.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first bacterial layer (2) or the second bacterial layer (3) can also be covered with a fabric or another textile product. In this embodiment of the invention, one side of the first bacterial layer (2) or the second bacterial layer (3) is covered with a fabric or a different textile material, and a bacterial woven fabric (1) with more layers and one side of which is a product typically used in the textile sector can be obtained.

In the invention of the application, when the bio-textile obtained by the bacterial weaving and production method (100) is decomposed by the microorganisms in the natural environment, it is separated into its components in a way that does not cause environmental pollution and is categorized within the concept of environmental materials. In the invention of the application, the bio-textile product obtained by the bacterial weaving and production method (100) has high purity, high degree of polymerization, high absorbency, crystallinity and high water holding capacity as well as features such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, renewability, flexibility and environmental friendliness.

In the invention of application, studies that examine the interaction of all bio-textile products obtained by bacterial weaving and production method (100), production, use and recycling processes thereof with the environment are known as Life Cycle Assessment (YDD-LCA-Life Cycle Assessment). YDD is used to determine how much raw material and energy is used in the production, use and after use processes of the product, how much waste is created and the impact it has on the environment at every stage. In the present invention, the fact that the formation and weaving process of the material can be adapted to the mold of the final finished product thanks to the bacterial weaving method and the production without wastage shortens the life cycle stages of the product, offering an extremely environmentally friendly and saving method.

Claims

1. A bacterial weaving and production method (100) that enables the production of a new material by combining biopolymer layers (2, 3) consisting of bacterial cellulose with a three-dimensional nonwoven surface, consisting of nano-fibers obtained from bacterial cellulose producing microorganisms, with a weaving pattern obtained with yarn (5), in such that there is yarn between them, characterized in that it includes the steps of: removing the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) produced by microorganisms as the said bacterial cellulose producing microorganisms selected from the groups of the gram-negative aerobic bacilli of the Acetobacteraceae family, especially the genus of Komagataeibacter xylinus, formerly known as Acetobacter xylinum, or Gluconacetobacter xylinus, i.e. bacterium gluconicum and gluconobacter oxydans or the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombae or a mixture thereof, and sterilizing them by washing and removing microbial residues (101)

(102) placing the prepared first bacterial layer (2) on the pulley mold (4),

(103) when it is preferred to create a bacterial weaving pattern (6) by yams (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined, passing the yarns (5) through the notches (4.1) on the pulley mold (4) according to the bacterial weaving pattern (6) to be created,

(106) drying the combined first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) together with the bacterial weaving pattern (6) therebetween in the pulley mold (4),

(107) dyeing the combined first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3), preferably over the first bacterial layer (2) or the second bacterial layer (3) after drying together with the bacterial weaving pattern (6) between them,

2. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 1, characterized by the production of the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) with a different fermentation method in the process step of removing the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) produced from fungi or bacteria and sterilizing them by washing and removing microbial residues (101).

3. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 1, characterized by preparation of a solution by adding black tea extract and glucose into pure water as raw material in the process step of removing the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) produced from fungi or bacteria and sterilizing them by washing and removing microbial residues (101).

4. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 1, characterized in that when the prepared solution is at a temperature of 20-40°C, acetic acid and cellulose producing bacteria or cellulose producing fungus or cellulose producing bacteria and fungus are added and the said bacteria or fungi are multiplied to prepare a multiplied microorganism culture in the process step of removing the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) produced from fungi or bacteria and sterilizing them by washing and removing microbial residues (101).

5. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 1, characterized by preparation of a solution by adding 1-10% of black tea, 1-10% of green tea extract and 1-10% of glucose into pure hot water in the process step of removing the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) produced from fungi or bacteria and sterilizing them by washing and removing microbial residues (101).

6. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 1, characterized by preparation of a solution by adding black tea extract and glucose into pure water as raw material in the process step of removing the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) produced from fungi or bacteria and sterilizing them by washing and removing microbial residues (101).

7. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 1, characterized by transferring the microorganism culture to the growth baths into the liquid medium and growing the pure bacterial biopolymer layer in static culture in the growth bath in the process step of removing the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) produced from fungi or bacteria and sterilizing them by washing and removing microbial residues (101).

8. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 1, characterized in that the desired bacterial weaving pattern (6) can be obtained according to the yarns (5) placed in the notches (4.1) and the way the yarns (5) are placed in the process step of forming the bacterial weaving pattern (6) with yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined (104).

9. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 1, characterized in that bacterial weaving pattern (6) can be formed in the form of layers on top of each other by passing the yarns (5) in the horizontal first yarn direction (A), vertical second yam direction (B), right diagonal third yarn direction (C) and left diagonal fourth yarn direction (D) into the notches (4.1) of pulley mold (4) in the process step of forming the bacterial weaving pattern (6) with yams (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined (104).

10. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 1, characterized in that yarns are selected from raw and natural materials in the process step of forming the bacterial weaving pattern (6) with yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined (104).

11. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 1, characterized in that yarns (5) include natural fibers obtained from vegetable fibers such as cotton, linen, hemp, ramie, jute, hibiscus and/or selected from their mixture in the process step of forming the bacterial weaving pattern (6) with yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined (104).

12. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 1, characterized in that different forms can be formed by passing the yarns (5) in the first yarn direction (A), vertical second yam direction (B), right diagonal third yam direction (C) and left diagonal fourth yarn direction (D) into the notches (4.1) of pulley mold (4) such that yarns are on top of each other at different angles in the process step of forming the bacterial weaving pattern (6) with yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined (104).

13. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 1, characterized in that the yarns (5) are placed horizontally in the first yam direction (A) into the notches (4.1) of the rectangular or quadrangular pulley mold (4), respectively, preferably with a gap of 1 cm between them in the process step of forming the bacterial weaving pattern (6) with yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined (104).

14. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 13, characterized in that after the yarns (5) are placed in the first yarn direction (A), the yams (5) are placed vertically on the yarns (5) in the first yam direction (A) by passing them through the notches (4.1) in the second yarn direction (B) in the process step of forming the bacterial weaving pattern (6) with yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined (104).

15. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) of Claim 14, characterized in that after the yarns (5) are placed in the first yarn direction (A) and the second yam direction (B), the yarns (5) are placed through the notches (4.1) in the third yam direction (C) at an angle of 45 degrees to one side in the process step of forming the bacterial weaving pattern (6) with yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined (104).

16. The bacterial weaving and production method (100) ofClaim 15, characterized in that on top of the three-ply yams (5) placed in the first yarn direction (A), second yarn direction (B) and third yam direction (C), the yarns (5) are placed through the notches (4.1) in the fourth yarn direction (D) at an angle of 45 degrees to another side opposite to the third yarn direction (C) in the process step of forming the bacterial weaving pattern (6) with yarns (5) between the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) to be combined (104).

17. A bacterial woven fabric (1) produced by a bacterial weaving and production method (100) of claim 1, characterized in that it is used as all kinds of textile products, shoes, bags, belts and watches.

18. The bacterial woven fabric (1) obtained by a bacterial weaving production method (100), characterized in that it is produced by combining biopolymer layers (2, 3) with a three-dimensional nonwoven surface, consisting of nanofibers obtained from microorganisms producing bacterial cellulose, with yam (5) between them.

19. A bacterial woven fabric of claim 18, characterized in that first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are produced by microbial celluse producing microorganisms and microorganisms forming the first bacterial layer (2) and the second bacterial layer (3) are microorganisms selected from the groups of the gram-negative aerobic bacilli of the Acetobacteraceae family, especially the genus of Komagataeibacter xylinus, formerly known as Acetobacter xylinum, or Gluconacetobacter xylinus, i.e. bacterium gluconicum and gluconobacter oxydans, or the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombae or a mixture thereof.

20. A bacterial woven fabric of claim 18, characterized in that one side of the first bacterial layer (2) or the second bacterial layer (3) is covered with a fabric or a textile material and a multi-layered product is obtained, one side of which is used typically in the textile sector.