WO2022176917A1 - ミトカイン混合物を調製するための間葉系幹細胞及び脂肪細胞、並びに治療又は予防用医薬 - Google Patents
ミトカイン混合物を調製するための間葉系幹細胞及び脂肪細胞、並びに治療又は予防用医薬 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本実施形態に係る非ヒト動物は、脂肪組織においてMipep遺伝子の全部若しくは一部の機能が失われ、又は脂肪組織におけるMipep遺伝子の発現量が野生型と比較して低下している。後述する実施例で述べるように、脂肪組織においてMipep遺伝子を欠失させると、ミトカインの遺伝子群に含まれる遺伝子の発現が上昇する。
(a)Mipep遺伝子の全部又は一部の機能を欠損させたES細胞を作製する。
(b)ES細胞を非ヒト動物の胚内に移植して出産させて、キメラ非ヒト動物を作製する。
(c)キメラ非ヒト動物を、同種の野生型非ヒト動物と交配してヘテロノックアウト非ヒト動物を作製する。
(d)ヘテロノックアウト非ヒト動物同士を交配して、ホモノックアウト非ヒト動物を作製する。
本実施形態に係る間葉系幹細胞は、Mipep遺伝子の全部若しくは一部の機能が失われ、又はMipep遺伝子の発現量が野生型と比較して低下している。間葉系幹細胞ではミトカインの遺伝子群に含まれる遺伝子の発現が認められることが報告されているが(例えば、国際公開第2017/188403号参照)、後述する脂肪細胞と同様に、Mipep遺伝子の機能が欠失されるなどにより、ミトカインの産生が増強される。そのため、間葉系幹細胞は、例えば、細胞自体を移植する細胞療法に用いることができ、移植された体内では、より多くのミトカインを産生させることができる。
本実施形態に係る脂肪細胞は、Mipep遺伝子の全部若しくは一部の機能が失われ、又はMipep遺伝子の発現量が野生型と比較して低下している。後述する実施例で示すように、このような脂肪細胞ではミトカインが多く産生される。そのため、脂肪細胞は、例えば、細胞自体を移植する細胞療法に用いることができ、移植された体内では、より多くのミトカインを産生させることができる。
治療又は予防用医薬は、Mipep遺伝子の全部若しくは一部の機能が失われ、又はMipep遺伝子の発現量が野生型と比較して低下している間葉系幹細胞又は脂肪細胞、及びミトカインを含む前記間葉系幹細胞又は前記脂肪細胞の培養上清からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する。
後述する実施例で示すように、脂肪組織においてMipep遺伝子の機能を欠失させることで、ミトカインの遺伝子群に含まれる複数種の遺伝子の発現が上昇する。したがって、脂肪組織においてMipep遺伝子の全部若しくは一部の機能が失われ、又は脂肪組織におけるMipep遺伝子の発現量が野生型と比較して低下している非ヒト動物、及びMipep遺伝子の全部若しくは一部の機能が失われ、又はMipep遺伝子の発現量が野生型と比較して低下している間葉系幹細胞又は脂肪細胞からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つから複数種のミトカインを回収し、ミトカイン混合物を調製することができる。
Mipep遺伝子のノックアウトマウスは以下の方法により作製した。
Targeting vectorは、DT-A/conditional KO FW vectorに、マウスゲノムのtargeting regionをinsertすることにより作製した。Insert (5’ arm, targeting arm, 3’ arm)はマウスBAC(Bacterial Artificial Chromosome)ライブラリー由来のクローンRP23-142O16(Advanced Geno Techs社)を鋳型とし、表1に示したプライマーを使用して、KOD FX Neo (TOYOBO社)により増幅した。そこから、5’ armをAscI及びNotI、targeting armをPmeI及びSacII、3’ armをSwaI及びXhoIで各々処理し、同様の制限酵素で処理済みのDT-A/conditional KO FW vectorにライゲーションし、targeting vectorを精製した。Targeting vectorをXhoI処理により線状化した後、エレクトロポレーション法を使用して、C57BL/6N由来のES細胞に導入した。使用したプライマーは以下のとおりである。
RP23-142O16をテンプレートとし、表1に示したプライマーを使用して、KOD FX Neoにより3’ probeを増幅した。その後、targeting vectorを導入した上記のES細胞よりフェノール・クロロホルム法でゲノムDNAを抽出し、ApaLIで処理した。そして、0.80% agarose gelにApaLI処理後のgenome DNA 20μgをアプライし、泳動後にエチジウムブロマイドにつけ、撮影した。その後、ゲルを酸処理(0.25M HClを室温で15 min浸透)、塩基処理(0.50M NaOH,1.5M NaClを室温で15min浸透)、中和処理(0.50M Tris-HCl(pH8.0),1.5M NaClを室温で20min浸透)の順で処理した。処理後、10×SSC(1.5M NaCl,150mM sodium citrate)の浸透圧を利用して、ナイロンメンブレン(Gene Screen Plus社)に転写し、150mJのUVでDNAをクロスリンクした。クロスリンク後、5×SSCP(0.75M NaCl,75mM sodium citrate,50mM NaH2PO4,5.0mM EDTA),50% Formamide,2×Denhardt’s solution,1.0% SDS,100μg/mL salmon testis DNAを含むバッファーに浸して、42℃でプレハイブリダイゼーションを一晩行い、32Pで標識した3’ probeをバッファー中に混ぜ、更に42℃でハイブリダイゼーションを一晩行った。その後、バッファーを除き、2×SSC,0.10 %SDS溶液内で42℃にて15min洗浄し、0.1×SSC,0.10%SDS溶液内で65℃にて15min×2回洗浄した。このメンブレンを感光板に乗せ、一晩放置後にFLA-7000(FUJIFILM社)で撮影した。
サザンブロッティングにより目的の部位にtarget alleleの挿入が確認されたES細胞を、ICRマウスの8細胞期の受精卵と混ぜ、一晩培養後、胚盤胞期になった受精卵を偽妊娠マウスの子宮に移植し、キメラマウスを作製した(アグリゲーション法)。キメラマウスとC57BL/6JJclを交配し、導入ES細胞由来のゲノムを有するC57BL/6Jマウスを作製した。CAG-FLPe mice (Kanki et al.,Exp.Anim.,2006,55,137-141)と上記マウスとを交配し、flippase-FRTシステムを利用してES細胞由来ゲノムに残存するネオマイシン耐性配列を削除することで、Mipepflox/floxマウスを作製した。その後、Adiponectin-Creマウスと交配し、脂肪組織特異的Mipep KOマウスを作製した。
試験例1では、Mipepノックアウトマウス(本明細書において、「Mipep KOマウス」ともいう。)におけるMipep遺伝子の発現量をリアルタイムPCRにて確認した。リアルタイムPCRは以下の方法で行った。
試験例2では、Mipepノックアウトによる、脂肪組織でのMIPEP基質の変化をウェスタンブロッティングにて確認した。ウェスタンブロッティングは以下の方法で行った。
試験例3では、Mipepノックアウトによる脂肪組織の変化を確認した。まず、脂肪組織の状態を確認後、脂肪組織を10%中性緩衝ホルマリン溶液(10% formaldehyde in PBS)にて固定し、パラフィン包埋後、5μmの厚さで薄切し、Hematoxylin-Eosin(HE)染色を行った。
試験例4では、Mipepノックアウトによる、マウス生殖器周囲の脂肪組織における内臓脂肪量の変化を確認した。確認は、19~20週齢のマウスを使用し、下記の方法によるコンピューター断層撮影により行った。第三世代CTスキャナーであるLatheta LCT-200 (Hitachi-Alola社)を使用し、管電圧は50kV、電流は0.5mAの一定状態で断層撮影を行った。マウスを直径48mmのホルダー内に入れ、走査機を360°回転させ、データを収集し、画素当たり96μmの解像度、一枚当たりの幅が192μm、600μm間隔で撮影をした。-550~-140HUの密度範囲をWATとして評価し解析した。マウスの推定X線被ばくは40mSv未満に維持して撮影を行った。
試験例5では、Mipepノックアウトによる、脂肪組織におけるmtUPR関連遺伝子発現の変化を確認した。確認は、試験例1と同様の方法でリアルタイムPCRにより行った。この際に用いたプライマーの配列は以下のとおりである。
試験例6では、Mipepノックアウトによる、血漿中のGDF15タンパク質量の変化を確認した。確認は、Mouse/Rat GDF-15 Quantitive ELISA Kit(R&D Systems社)を用いて行った。反応については、メーカー提供のプロトコールに従って実施した。
試験例7では、Mipepノックアウトによる、LPS投与後の生存に対する影響を確認した。40-45週齢の雄性Mipep KOマウス及び野生型マウスの各群6匹ずつに、体重1kgあたり15mgのLPS(Sigma-Aldrich社)を腹腔内投与した。投与後からの生存匹数を1日ごとにカウントし、6匹を100%として生存率を算出して、それを生存曲線にて表した。
Claims (6)
- 脂肪組織においてMipep遺伝子の全部若しくは一部の機能が失われ、又は脂肪組織におけるMipep遺伝子の発現量が野生型と比較して低下している、非ヒト動物又はその一部。
- Mipep遺伝子の全部若しくは一部の機能が失われ、又はMipep遺伝子の発現量が野生型と比較して低下している、間葉系幹細胞。
- Mipep遺伝子の全部若しくは一部の機能が失われ、又はMipep遺伝子の発現量が野生型と比較して低下している、脂肪細胞。
- Mipep遺伝子の全部若しくは一部の機能が失われ、又はMipep遺伝子の発現量が野生型と比較して低下している間葉系幹細胞又は脂肪細胞、及びミトカインを含む前記間葉系幹細胞又は前記脂肪細胞の培養上清からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含有する、治療又は予防用医薬。
- 前記治療又は予防用医薬が、敗血症、虚血再灌流傷害、炎症性疾患、慢性腎臓病、肥満症、粥状硬化症、非アルコール性脂肪性肝疾患、及びその他の代謝性疾患からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの疾患の治療又は予防に用いられるものである、請求項4に記載の治療又は予防用医薬。
- 脂肪組織においてMipep遺伝子の全部若しくは一部の機能が失われ、又は脂肪組織におけるMipep遺伝子の発現量が野生型と比較して低下している非ヒト動物、及びMipep遺伝子の全部若しくは一部の機能が失われ、又はMipep遺伝子の発現量が野生型と比較して低下している間葉系幹細胞又は脂肪細胞からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つから複数種のミトカインを回収することを含む、ミトカイン混合物の調製方法。
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