WO2022175854A1

WO2022175854A1 - Functionalized machinery for the extraction of metals

Info

Publication number: WO2022175854A1
Application number: PCT/IB2022/051403
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rosario ARIOLA
Original assignee: O.M.A.R. Srl
Priority date: 2021-02-19
Filing date: 2022-02-17
Publication date: 2022-08-25
Also published as: IT202100003845A1; EP4295474A1

Abstract

Functionalized machinery (1) for the semi-automated extraction of metallic cables (2) from the stators (3) and rotors (4) of electric motors, which allows reducing the extraction times and increasing the productivity and the earnings in terms of: extracted metal/hour.

Description

“Functionalized machinery for the extraction of metals” Description Field of the art The present invention refers to functionalized machinery, used for example for the extraction of metallic cables from stators and rotors of electric motors in an automated manner. Prior art Presently, in the demolition centers for the recovery of metal waste and for WEEE (Waste of Electric and Electronic Equipment) treatment and collection, the first passage consists of separating by metal type and putting aside each type in a dedicated space. Once put aside, the metal is transported into the foundry dedicated for the casting of copper, aluminum, iron, etc. One of the greatest sources of copper are the motors of electric cars or electric motors in general. These motors are composed of a stator and a rotor. With the stator, hundreds of copper wires are enveloped; once current has flown through these wires, they create the magnetic field necessary for moving the rotor in turn containing hundreds of copper wires, within which the induced current will flow that was generated by the magnetic field. Disadvantageously, the extraction of this large quantity of copper still occurs manually or with the partial aid of semi-automatic machinery pieces. Extracting copper by hand from the rotors and stators of electric motors, an expert operator is able to obtain about 18% from 2000 Kg of material to treat each day, equal to 360 Kg per day, hence 45 Kg/hour of copper classified 3rd-grade quality and thus, based on the average quotation of this period of about 4.70 €/Kg, 211.50 €/hour. A further disadvantage is that this is a very tiring work, which requires dexterity and strength, and which requires considerable manpower in order for the operators to achieve good efficiency, as such operators will have to make frequent shifts. Finally, another disadvantage is that up to present, the safety measures for completing these operations are those relative to the plant, and they are not provided by the instruments that are used for the extraction. For the opening of the shell of the electric motor, electromechanical shears or even rotary saws are used, never placed in combination with electromechanical instruments that automatically carry out metallic cable extraction, providing two metals of different nature that are ready for being put aside and recycled. There is therefore the need to attain functionalized machinery for the extraction of metallic cables from the stators and rotors of electric motors in an automated manner, which allows overcoming the aforesaid drawbacks. Summary of the invention The primary object of the present invention is to attain functionalized machinery for the extraction of metallic cables from the stators and rotors of electric motors in a semi-automated manner, reducing the extraction times and increasing the earnings in terms of: metal extracted/hour. Advantageously, the present invention allows extracting about 18% from 10000 Kg of entering material to be treated, equal to 1800 Kg per day, equal to 225 Kg of copper/hour which based on the average quotation of this period of about 4.70 €/Kg, equates to 1057.50 €/hour. The present invention, therefore, proposes attaining the abovementioned objects by achieving functionalized machinery which, in accordance with claim 1, is functionalized machinery capable of reducing the times for extracting metallic cables from the stators and rotors of electric motors, comprising automated mechanical elements and provided with safety devices; in particular said functionalized machinery comprises a column element to which a gripper is attached by means of cables; said gripper suitable for gripping the metallic cables protruding from a rotor or stator portion of an electric motor and to extract them through its vertical movement actuated by a first mechanical actuator comprised in said column element. Advantageously the device of the invention allows extracting the metallic cables contained in the rotors or stators of electric motors, even when sealed with high-density resins. Once the stator is weakened, having cut it, the operator places the stator portion on a first work surface at the base of the column element, he/she blocks it with a horizontal vise and by actuating the first mechanical actuator he/she makes the grippers descend such that they are able to grip the metallic cables. Once the grippers are situated at the right height, the operator grasps the grips and couples the cables with the gripper; through the pedal control he/she actuates the first mechanical actuator which, by being moved upward, extracts the metallic cables from the stator. At this point, the operator need only separate the metallic cables and the carcass of the stator portion into two separate containers or work zones, such that the metal constituting the metallic cables and the stator can be recovered. A further advantage is that the column element allows the extraction of metallic cables from stators of any size, the only limit is the width of the vise that can be attained based on the requirements, along with how to vary the mechanical actuator used and the force that it can exert. For example, if one is dealing with very large and heavy stators, one could make the gripper descend to the ground, arranging a vise on the ground, so that it is not necessary to lift the stator portion onto the work surface. That reported above also holds true for rotors. A variant of the invention provides that in addition to the column element, the machinery also comprises: - a work surface provided with a plurality of slits that are radially arranged; - a mechanical gripping element composed of a first plurality of hook-like elements, each hook-like element comprising an element with two parallelepipeds with parallel faces with at least the end directed towards the center of the radial pattern sharply protruding; said hook-like elements perpendicular to the work surface and which are moved along the plurality of slits; said hook-like elements moved by a plurality of mechanical actuators arranged below the work surface; - a plurality of flat rods with parallelepiped shape, each placed between the two parallel faces of the parallelepipeds comprised in each hook-like element, which slide vertically, being actuated by a second mechanical actuator arranged below the work surface; said plurality of rods with a portion protruding laterally, towards the center of the radial pattern, at the upper end of the rod, so as to create an overturned “L”. Advantageously, the mechanical gripping element is characterized by a great adaptability, as a function of the element that must be processed; indeed, it comprises cylindrical metallic reducers to be placed at the center of the plurality of slits in order to improve the gripping of the metallic cables by the plurality of vertical rods before their vertical movement and also radial metallic adapters to be placed at the center of the plurality of slits in order to vary the height of the stator or so to improve the gripping of the metallic cables by the mechanical gripping element and of the plurality of vertical rods before their vertical movement. Also this element of the machinery is provided with instantaneous stop key in case of emergency and preferably there are pedal controls. Another variant of the invention provides that in addition to the column element, the functionalized machinery also comprises a cutting chamber for sectioning the shells of the electric motors, the rotors and the stators of the electric motors; said cutting chamber comprising: - a work surface on which a saddle-shaped element is mounted, in order to arrange the shells of the electric motors, the rotors and the stators of the electric motors without having to hold them by hand; - a guillotine shear composed of a blade perpendicular to the work surface and centered on the saddle-shaped element and at least a second mechanical actuator which moves the guillotine shear vertically; said saddle-shaped element having a slit in the central part of the saddle in order to allow the guillotine shear to proceed partially beyond the surface of the saddle-shaped element; - a safety panel to place in front the guillotine shear; said panel has sensors so as to prevent the proceeding of the cutting operation if the panel is open and hence the cutting chamber is not closed and placed in safety conditions. Advantageously, the cutting chamber is characterized by a great adaptability, as a function of the element that must be worked; indeed, the blade of the guillotine shear can be replaced with blades of different dimensions and materials depending on whether one must cut the shell of the electric motor or the rotor and the stator and the saddle-shaped element can be substituted with analogous elements of different dimensions, depending on the dimensions of the electric motor, of the rotor and of the stator on which one must work. The saddle-shaped element can also be replaced with a support capable of varying its opening diameter by sliding rods with parallelepiped shape along the radially-placed slits. Said support element serves to support, for example, components of alternators that will be worked with an awl-like element that is mounted in place of the blade of the guillotine shear. A further advantage is the attention to safety on the job, ensured by the sensors of the panel that serves to close the cutting chamber. If the sensor does not detect the closure of the panel, the cutting operation does not proceed. Finally, a final variant provides that the functionalized machinery comprises the column element, the work surface with the mechanical gripping element and the plurality of rods and the cutting chamber in a single automated structure provided with covers for the mechanical and electrical actuation mechanisms. All the invention variants presented preferably have the vises actuated electro-mechanically, so as to be able to exert a force comparable to that of the column element and of the gripping element, both actuated electro-mechanically. The main advantage of the latter variant of the invention is that it encloses all the electromechanical elements necessary for working the electric motors so as to extract the metallic cables contained therein and thus be able to recycle them. In addition, the position and the configuration of each electromechanical element has been studied in order to minimize the risk of injury, minimize the times for extracting metallic cables, reduce the physical fatigue of the operator and maximize the earnings in terms of recyclable metal extracted/hour of work. A second aspect of the present invention provides for a method for using the functionalized machinery which, in accordance with claim 19, comprises the following steps: a. positioning the electric motor on the saddle-shaped element in the cutting chamber such that the first blade is situated approximately on the plane that divides the electric motor in half; b. lowering the safety panel; c. activating by command the movement of the guillotine shear which is moved downward and cuts the shell of the electric motor; d. raising the safety panel; e. repeating the steps from a. to d., changing the position of the electric motor until the shell of the electric motor is removable and stator and rotor are accessible; f. positioning the stator of the electric motor with the axis x parallel to the ground on the saddle-shaped element in the cutting chamber such that the first blade is situated approximately on the plane that divides the stator in half; g. lowering the safety panel; h. activating, by command, the movement of the guillotine shear which is moved downward and cuts the stator in two parts; i. raising the safety panel and picking up one of the two parts of the stator and positioning it on the first work surface at the base of the column element; j. activating, by command, the horizontal vise in order to fix the stator portion to the first work surface; k. gripping with two hands the grips of the gripper and moving, by command, the first mechanical actuator until the gripper comes to grip the metallic cables present in the stator; l. moving, by command, the first mechanical actuator which is moved vertically upward, extracting the metallic cables from the stator; m. once the operation has terminated, separating the metallic cables present on the first work surface and the stator portion; n. repeating the preceding steps for each new stator portion. A further variant of the method comprises the following steps: a. positioning the electric motor on the saddle-shaped element in the cutting chamber such that the first blade is situated approximately on the plane that divides the electric motor in half; b. lowering the safety panel; c. activating by command the movement of the guillotine shear which is moved downward and cuts the shell of the electric motor; d. raising the safety panel; e. repeating the steps from a. to d. changing the position of the electric motor until the shell of the electric motor is removable and stator and rotor are accessible; f. positioning the stator of the electric motor with the axis x parallel to the ground on the saddle-shaped element in the cutting chamber such that the first blade is situated approximately on the plane that divides the stator in half; g. lowering the safety panel; h. activating by command the movement of the guillotine shear which is moved downward and cuts the stator in two parts; i. raising the safety panel and picking up one of the two parts of the stator and positioning it at the center of the plurality of slits, inserting the various necessary adapters; j. activating, by command, the movement of the mechanical gripping element and of the plurality of first rods which, once in contact with the stator, are moved vertically upward, making the metallic cables contained in the stator exit outward while the plurality of hook-like elements will keep the stator integral with the second work surface; k. once the operation has terminated, separating the metallic cables present on the second work surface and the stator portion; l. repeating the preceding steps for each new stator portion. Advantageously, the functionalized machinery is provided with at least an instantaneous stop key in case of emergency, as well as a panel with sensors that prevents proceeding with the activity while the cutting chamber is not closed. Other variants can provide for working the rotor or other elements comprising extractable metallic cables according to the above-described two method variants. The dependent claims describe preferred embodiments of the invention. Description of the figures Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will be more evident in light of the detailed description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of functionalized machinery for the semi-automated extraction of metallic cables from the stators and rotors of electric motors, illustrated by way of a non-limiting example, with the aid of the enclosed drawing tables in which: - FIGURE 1 represents a first perspective view of the functionalized machinery according to the invention; - FIGURE 2 represents a second perspective view of the functionalized machinery according to the invention; - FIGURE 3 represents a perspective view of an electric stator; - FIGURE 4 represents a perspective view of an electric rotor; - FIGURE 5 represents a perspective view of a first accessory of the functionalized machinery according to the invention; - FIGURE 6 represents a perspective view of a second accessory of the functionalized machinery according to the invention; - FIGURE 7 represents a perspective view of a third accessory of the functionalized machinery according to the invention; - FIGURE 8 represents a perspective view of a fourth accessory of the functionalized machinery according to the invention; - FIGURE 9 represents a perspective view of a fifth accessory of the functionalized machinery according to the invention. The same reference numbers in the figures identify the same elements or components. Detailed description of the invention With reference to Figures 1 and 2, a first embodiment of functionalized machinery is represented, overall indicated with the reference number 1. The device, object of the present invention, is functionalized machinery 1 capable of reducing the times for extracting metallic cables 2 from stators 3 and rotors 4 of electric motors, comprising automated mechanical elements and provided with safety devices. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said functionalized machinery 1 comprises a column element 5 perpendicular to the ground, comprising a first mechanical actuator 6 having, at its upper end 7, a rod 8 parallel to the ground provided with hook 9 at its distal end to the first mechanical actuator 6, to which a gripper 10 is attached by means of cables; said gripper 10 is suitable for gripping the metallic cables protruding from a portion of rotor 4 or stator 3 of an electric motor and for extracting them through its vertical movement actuated by the first mechanical actuator 6; said electric stator portion 3 or electric rotor portion 4 blocked by a horizontal vise 11 arranged on a first work surface 12 at the base 13 of the column element 5. Advantageously, the column element 5 of the functionalized machinery 1 is employed for the extraction of metallic cables 2 from the rotors 4 and stators 3 of electric motors of any size. The use of the column element 5 becomes necessary and is the only alternative to manual extraction, where there are stators 3 or rotors 4 with particularly large diameters, e.g. comprised between 10 cm and 50 cm and which have the metallic cables 2 sealed by high- density resins. Preferably, said first mechanical actuator 6 is a hydraulic piston and is activated by pedal controls. Preferably, said gripper 10 has the mouth 14 actuated manually; alternatively, it is actuated electro-mechanically. Preferably, the cables are metallic chains 15; alternatively they are mechanical actuators. Optionally, said functionalized machinery 1 also comprises: - a second work surface 16 provided with a plurality of slits 17 that are radially arranged; - a mechanical gripping element 18 which comprises a first plurality of hook-like elements 19, each hook-like element 19 comprising an element with two parallelepipeds with parallel faces 20 with at least the end 21 directed towards the center of the radial pattern, sharply protruding; said hook-like elements 19 perpendicular to the second work surface 16 and are moved along the plurality of slits 17; said hook-like elements 19 moved by a plurality of mechanical actuators arranged below the second work surface 16; - a plurality of flat first rods 22 with parallelepiped shape, each placed between an element with two parallelepipeds with parallel faces 20 comprised in each hook-like element 19, which slide vertically, being actuated by a second mechanical actuator 23 arranged below the work surface; said plurality of first rods 22 with a portion protruding laterally 24, towards the center of the radial pattern, at the upper end of the plurality of first rods 22, so as to create an overturned “L”. Advantageously, the mechanical gripping element 18 is employed when it is necessary to extract metallic cables 2 from rotors 4 and stators 3 of electric motors of relatively limited dimensions, e.g. between 4 cm and 35 cm diameter, and when the wax that seals the metallic cables 2 is a low-density wax. Preferably, the mechanical gripping element 18 and the plurality of flat rods 22 are made of metallic material and are automated and controlled by keys or by pedal controls. Optionally, the functionalized machinery comprises cylindrical metallic reducers 25 to be placed at the center of the plurality of slits 17 in order to improve the gripping of the metallic cables 2 by the plurality of first rods 22 before their vertical movement and also radial metallic adapters 26 to be placed at the center of the plurality of slits 17 in order to vary the height of the stator 3 or of the rotor 4 so to improve the gripping of the metallic cables 2 by the mechanical gripping element 18 and of the plurality of first rods 22 before their vertical movement. Optionally, said functionalized machinery 1 further comprises a cutting chamber 27 for sectioning the shells of the electric motors, the rotors 4 and the stators 3 of the electric motors; said cutting chamber 27 comprising: - a third work surface 28 on which a saddle-shaped element 29 is mounted in order to arrange the shells of the electric motors, the rotors 4 and the stators 3 of the electric motors without having to hold them by hand; - a guillotine shear 30 composed of a first blade 31 perpendicular to the third work surface 28 and centered on the saddle-shaped element 29 and at least a third mechanical actuator 32 which moves the guillotine shear 30 vertically; said saddle-shaped element 29 with a slit 33 in the central part of the saddle-shaped element 29 in order to allow the guillotine shear 30 to proceed partially beyond the surface of the saddle-shaped element 29; - a safety panel 34 to place in front of the guillotine shear 30; said safety panel 34 has sensors so as to prevent the proceeding of the cutting operation if the safety panel 34 is open and hence the cutting chamber 27 is not closed and placed in safety conditions. Optionally, the saddle-shaped element 29 can be substituted with analogous elements of different dimensions, depending on the dimensions of the electric motor, of the rotor 4 and of the stator 3 on which one must work. Optionally, the saddle-shaped element 29 can also be replaced with a support 35 capable of varying its opening diameter, by sliding a plurality of second rods 36 with parallelepiped shape along the radially-arranged slits. Said support element 35 serves to support, for example, components of alternators which will be worked with an awl-like element 37 that is mounted in place of the first blade 31 of the guillotine shear 30. Preferably, the first blade 31 of the guillotine shear 30 is made of anti-wear metallic material. Optionally, the guillotine shear 30 can be substituted with guillotine shears with blades of different dimensions and materials depending on whether one must cut the shell of the electric motor or the rotor and the stator. The first blade 31 of the guillotine shear 30 used for cutting the rotors 4 and stators 3 of the electric motors and ferrous anti-wear material, but advantageously the blade used for cutting the shell of the electric motor is a second blade 38 preferably made of Hardox or of Xar or in any case of wear-resistant material. Optionally, the guillotine shear 30 can be substituted with an awl-like element 37 in order to eliminate the central metallic part of components of the alternators of cars which are rich with metallic cables 2, so as to weaken it and simplify and speed up the metallic cable 2 extraction activity. Advantageously, the functionalized machinery 1, object of the invention, can only comprise the column element 5, but it can also comprise the column element 5, the second work surface 16 with the mechanical gripping element 18 and the first plurality of rods 22 and the cutting chamber 27 in a single semi-automated structure provided with covers 39 for the mechanical and electrical actuation mechanisms, as it can comprise any combination of the various elements, as a function of client requirements. Advantageously, the functionalized machinery 1 comprises at least an instantaneous stop key 40 in case of danger. Preferably, it has one instantaneous stop key 40 next to the position of the column element 5, and one between the second work surface 16 and the cutting chamber 27. The present invention also regards a preferred method for using the functionalized machinery 1 which comprises the following steps: a. positioning the electric motor on the saddle-shaped element 29 in the cutting chamber 27 such that the first blade 31 is situated approximately on the plane that divides the electric motor in half; b. lowering the safety panel 34; c. activating by command the movement of the guillotine shear 30 which is moved downward and cuts the shell of the electric motor; d. raising the safety panel 34; e. repeating the steps from a. to d. changing the position of the electric motor until the shell of the electric motor is removable and stator 4 and rotor 3 are accessible; f. positioning the stator 3 of the electric motor with the axis x parallel to the ground on the saddle-shaped element 29 in the cutting chamber 27 such that the first blade 31 is situated approximately on the plane that divides the stator 3 in half; g. lowering the safety panel 34; h. activating by command the movement of the guillotine shear 30 which is moved downward and cuts the stator 3 in two parts; i. raising the safety panel 34 and picking up one of the two parts of the stator 3 and positioning it on the first work surface 12 at the base 13 of the column element 5; j. activating, by command, the horizontal vise 11 in order to fix the stator portion 3 to the first work surface 12; k. gripping with two hands the grips 41 of the gripper 10 and moving, by command, the first mechanical actuator 6 until the gripper 10 comes to grip the metallic cables 2 present in the stator 3; l. moving, by command, the first mechanical actuator 6 which is moved vertically upward, extracting the metallic cables 2 from the stator 3; m. once the operation has terminated, separating the metallic cables 2 present on the first work surface 12 and the stator portion 3; n. repeating the preceding steps for each new stator portion 3. This preferred method can also be applied to rotors 4 of electric motors or to other elements from which it is possible to extract metallic cables 2. One variant of the method for using the functionalized machinery comprises the following steps: a. positioning the electric motor on the saddle-shaped element 29 in the cutting chamber 27 such that the first blade 31 is situated approximately on the plane that divides the electric motor in half; b. lowering the safety panel 34; c. activating by command the movement of the guillotine shear 30 which is moved downward and cuts the shell of the electric motor; d. raising the safety panel 34; e. repeating the steps from a. to d. changing the position of the electric motor until the shell of the electric motor is removable and stator 3 and rotor 4 are accessible; f. positioning the stator 3 of the electric motor with the axis x parallel to the ground on the saddle-shaped element 29 in the cutting chamber 27 such that the first blade 31 is situated approximately on the plane that divides the stator 3 in half; g. lowering the safety panel 34; h. activating by command the movement of the guillotine shear 30 which is moved downward and cuts the stator 3 in two parts; i. raising the safety panel 34 and picking up one of the two parts of the stator 3 and positioning it at the center of the plurality of slits 17, inserting the various necessary adapters; j. activating, by command, the movement of the mechanical gripping element 18 and of the plurality of first rods 22 which, once in contact with the stator 3, are moved vertically upward, making the metallic cables 2 contained in the stator 3 exit outward while the plurality of hook-like elements 19 will keep the stator 3 integral with the second work surface 16; k. once the operation has terminated, separating the metallic cables 2 present on the second work surface 16 and the stator portion 3; l. repeating the preceding steps for each new stator portion 3. This preferred variant of the method can also be applied to rotors 4 of electric motors or to other elements from which it is possible to extract metallic cables 2. During the application of all the described methods, in case of emergency it is possible to interrupt the operations by pressing the instantaneous stop keys 40 placed close to each operating station of the machine. The present invention has been described as a non-limiting example according to its preferred embodiments, but it must be intended that variations and/or modifications can be made by the men skilled in the art without departing from the relative protective scope as defined by the enclosed claims.

Claims

Claims 1. Functionalized machinery (1) adapted to reduce the times for extracting metallic cables (2) from the stators (3) and rotors (4) of electric motors, comprising semi-automated mechanical elements and provided with safety devices; in particular said functionalized machinery (1) comprises a column element (5), to which a gripper (10) is attached by means of cables; said gripper (10) suitable for gripping the metallic cables (2) protruding from a portion of rotor (4) or stator (3) of an electric motor and to extract them through its vertical movement actuated by a first mechanical actuator (6) comprised in the column element (5).

2. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 1, wherein the column element (5) is perpendicular to the ground, and the first mechanical actuator (6) has, at its upper end (7), a rod (8) parallel to the ground provided with hook (9); said hook (9) is attached, by means of cables, to the gripper (10); said column element (5) also comprises a horizontal vise (11) arranged on a first work surface (12) at the base (13) of the column element (5) with which said stator (3) or rotor (4) portion is blocked.

3. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 1, which comprises: - a second work surface (16) provided with a plurality of slits (17) that are radially arranged; - a mechanical gripping element (18) which comprises a first plurality of hook-like elements (19), each hook-like element (19) comprising an element with two parallelepipeds with parallel faces (20) with at least the end (21) directed towards the center of the radial pattern, sharply protruding; said hook-like elements (19) perpendicular to the second work surface (16) and which are moved along the plurality of slits (17); said hook-like elements (19) moved by a plurality of mechanical actuators arranged below the second work surface (16); - a plurality of flat first rods (22) with parallelepiped shape, each placed between an element with two parallelepipeds with parallel faces (20) comprised in each hook- like element (19), which slide vertically, being actuated by a second mechanical actuator (23) arranged below the work surface; said plurality of first rods (22) with a portion protruding laterally (24), towards the center of the radial pattern, at the upper end of the plurality of first rods (22), so as to create an overturned “L”.

4. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 1, which comprises a cutting chamber (27) for sectioning the shells of the electric motors, the rotors (4) and the stators (3) of the electric motors; said cutting chamber (27) comprising: - a second work surface (16) on which a saddle-shaped element (29) is mounted in order to arrange the shells of the electric motors, the rotors (4) and the stators (3) of the electric motors without having to hold them by hand; - a guillotine shear (30) composed of a first blade (31) perpendicular to the second work surface (16) and centered on the saddle-shaped element (29) and at least a second mechanical actuator (23) which moves the guillotine shear (30) vertically; said saddle-shaped element (29) with a slit (33) in the central part of the saddle in order to allow the guillotine shear (30) to proceed partially beyond the surface of the saddle-shaped element (29); - a safety panel (34) to place in front of the guillotine shear (30); said safety panel (34) has sensors so as to prevent proceeding with the cutting operation if the safety panel (34) is open and thus the cutting chamber (27) is not closed and placed in safety conditions.

5. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 1, wherein the first mechanical actuator (6) is a hydraulic piston and is activated by pedal controls (42).

6. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 1, wherein the gripper (10) has the mouth (14) actuated manually or electro-mechanically.

7. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 1, wherein the cables are metallic chains (15) or wherein they are jacks.

8. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 3, wherein the second work surface (16), the mechanical gripping element (18) and the plurality of first rods (22) are made of metallic material.

9. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 3, wherein the mechanical gripping element (18) and the plurality of first rods (22) are automated and controlled by keys or by pedal controls (42).

10. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 3, comprising cylindrical metallic reducers (25) to be placed at the center of the plurality of slits (17) in order to improve the gripping of the metallic cables (2) by the plurality of first rods (22) before their vertical movement.

11. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 3, comprising radial metallic adapters (26) to be placed at the center of the plurality of slits (17) in order to vary the height of the stator (3) or of the rotor (4) so as to improve the gripping of the metallic cables (2) by the mechanical gripping element (18) and of the first plurality of rods (22) before their vertical movement.

12. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 4, wherein the saddle-shaped element (29) can be substituted with analogous elements of different dimensions, depending on the dimensions of the electric motor, of the rotor (4) and of the stator (3) on which one must work.

13. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 4, wherein the first blade (31) of the guillotine shear (30) is made of anti-wear metallic material.

14. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 4, wherein the second blade (38) of the guillotine shear (30) is made of Hardox or of Xar.

15. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 4, wherein the guillotine shear (30) can be substituted with guillotine shears with blades of different dimensions and materials depending on whether one must cut the shell of the electric motor or the rotor (4) and the stator (3).

16. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 4, wherein the guillotine shear (30) can be substituted with an awl-like element (37) in order to eliminate the central metallic part of components of the alternators of cars which are rich with metallic cables (2), so as to weaken it and simplify and speed up the activity of extraction of the metallic cables (2).

17. Functionalized machinery (1) according to the preceding claims, comprising the column element (5), the second work surface (16) with the mechanical gripping element (18) and the first plurality of rods (22) and the cutting chamber (27) in a single semi-automated structure provided with covers (39) for the mechanical and electrical actuation mechanisms.

18. Functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 17 which comprises at least an instantaneous stop key (40) in case of danger.

19. Method for using the functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 17 which comprises the following steps: a. positioning the electric motor on the saddle-shaped element (29) in the cutting chamber (27) in a manner such that the first blade (31) is situated approximately on the plane that divides the electric motor in half; b. lowering the safety panel (34); c. activating, by command, the movement of the guillotine shear (30) which is moved downward and cuts the shell of the electric motor; d. raising the safety panel (34); e. repeating the steps a. to d., changing the position of the electric motor until the shell of the electric motor is removable and the stator (4) and rotor (3) are accessible; f. positioning the stator (3) of the electric motor with the axis x parallel to the ground on the saddle-shaped element (29) in the cutting chamber (27) in a manner such that the first blade (31) is situated approximately on the plane that divides the stator (3) in half; g. lowering the safety panel (34); h. activating, by command, the movement of the guillotine shear (30) which is moved downward and cuts the stator (3) in two parts; i. raising the safety panel (34) and picking up one of the two parts of the stator (3) and positioning it on the first work surface (12) at the base (13) of the column element (5); j. activating, by command, the horizontal vise (11) in order to fix the stator portion (3) to the first work surface (12); k. gripping, with two hands, the grips (41) of the gripper (10) and moving, by command, the first mechanical actuator (6) until the gripper (10) comes to grip the metallic cables (2) present in the stator (3); l. moving, by command, the first mechanical actuator (6) which is moved vertically upward, extracting the metallic cables (2) from the stator (3); m. once the operation has terminated, separating the metallic cables (2) present on the first work surface (12) and the stator portion (3); n. repeating the preceding steps for each new stator portion (3).

20. Method for using the functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 17 which comprises the following steps: a. positioning the electric motor on the saddle-shaped element (29) in the cutting chamber (27) in a manner such that the first blade (31) is situated approximately on the plane that divides the electric motor in half; b. lowering the safety panel (34); c. activating, by command, the movement of the guillotine shear (30) which is moved downward and cuts the shell of the electric motor; d. raising the safety panel (34); e. repeating the steps from a. to d., changing the position of the electric motor until the shell of the electric motor is removable and stator (4) and rotor (3) are accessible; f. positioning the rotor (4) of the electric motor with the axis x parallel to the ground on the saddle-shaped element (29) in the cutting chamber (27) in a manner such that the first blade (31) is situated approximately on the plane that divides the rotor (4) in half; g. lowering the safety panel (34); h. activating, by command, the movement of the guillotine shear (30) which is moved downward and cuts the rotor (4) into two parts; i. raising the safety panel (34) and picking up one of the two parts of the rotor (4) and positioning it on the first work surface (12) at the base (13) of the column element (5); j. activating, by command, the horizontal vise (11) in order to fix the rotor portion (4) at the first work surface (12); k. gripping, with two hands, the grips (41) of the gripper (10) and moving, by command, the first mechanical actuator (6) until the gripper (10) comes to grip metallic cables (2) present in the rotor (4); l. moving, by command, the first mechanical actuator (6) which is moved vertically upward, extracting the metallic cables (2) from the rotor (4); m. once the operation has terminated, separating the metallic cables (2) present on the first work surface (12) and the rotor portion (4); n. repeating the preceding steps for each new rotor portion (4).

21. Method for using the functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 17 which comprises the following steps: a. positioning the electric motor on the saddle-shaped element (29) in the cutting chamber (27) such that the first blade (31) is situated approximately on the plane that divides the electric motor in half; b. lowering the safety panel (34); c. activating, by command, the movement of the guillotine shear (30) which is moved downward and cuts the shell of the electric motor; d. raising the safety panel (34); e. repeating the steps from a. to d., changing the position of the electric motor until the shell of the electric motor is removable and stator (4) and rotor (3) are accessible; f. positioning the stator (3) of the electric motor with the axis x parallel to the ground on the saddle-shaped element (29) in the cutting chamber (27) such that the first blade (31) is situated approximately on the plane that divides the stator (3) in half; g. lowering the safety panel (34); h. activating, by command, the movement of the guillotine shear (30) which is moved downward and cuts the stator (3) in two parts; i. raising the safety panel (34) and picking up one of the two parts of the stator (3) and positioning it at the center of the plurality of slits (17), inserting the various necessary adapters; j. activating, by command, the movement of the mechanical gripping element (18) and of the plurality of first rods (22) which, once in contact with the stator (3), are vertically moved upward, making the metallic cables (2) contained in the stator (3) exit outward while the plurality of hook-like elements (19) will keep the stator (3) integral with the second work surface (16); k. once the operation has terminated, separating the metallic cables (2) present on the second work surface (16) and the stator portion (3); l. repeating the preceding steps for each new stator portion (3).

22. Method for using the functionalized machinery (1) according to claim 17 which comprises the following steps: a. positioning the electric motor on the saddle-shaped element (29) in the cutting chamber (27) in a manner such that the first blade (31) is situated approximately on the plane that divides the electric motor in half; b. lowering the safety panel (34); c. activating, by command, the movement of the guillotine shear (30) which is moved downward and cuts the shell of the electric motor; d. raising the safety panel (34); e. repeating the steps from a. to d., changing the position of the electric motor until the shell of the electric motor is removable and stator (4) and rotor (3) are accessible; f. positioning the rotor (4) of the electric motor with the axis x parallel to the ground on the saddle-shaped element (29) in the cutting chamber (27) such that the first blade (31) is situated approximately on the plane that divides the rotor (4) in half; g. lowering the safety panel (34); h. activating, by command, the movement of the guillotine shear (30) which is moved downward and cuts the rotor (4) in two parts; i. raising the safety panel (34) and picking up one of the two parts of the rotor (4) and positioning it at the center of the plurality of slits (17), inserting the various necessary adapters; j. activating, by command, the movement of the mechanical gripping element (18) and of the plurality of first rods (22) which, once in contact with the rotor (4), will be moved vertically upward, making the metallic cables (2) contained in the rotor (4) exit outward while the plurality of hook-like elements (19) will keep the rotor (4) integral with the second work surface (16); k. once the operation has terminated, separating the metallic cables (2) present on the second work surface (16) and the rotor portion (4); l. repeating the preceding steps for each new rotor portion (4).

23. Method for using the functionalized machinery (1) according to claims 19-22, wherein in case of emergency, it is possible to interrupt the operations by pressing the instantaneous stop keys (40) placed close to each operating station of the machine.