WO2022175543A1 - Presssystem und presswerkzeug für ein presssystem, sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines werkstücks - Google Patents
Presssystem und presswerkzeug für ein presssystem, sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines werkstücks Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022175543A1 WO2022175543A1 PCT/EP2022/054333 EP2022054333W WO2022175543A1 WO 2022175543 A1 WO2022175543 A1 WO 2022175543A1 EP 2022054333 W EP2022054333 W EP 2022054333W WO 2022175543 A1 WO2022175543 A1 WO 2022175543A1
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- pressing
- workpiece
- press
- curve
- pressing tool
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
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- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
- B30B5/02—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/10—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
- B30B15/062—Press plates
- B30B15/064—Press plates with heating or cooling means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pressing system comprising: a press with a first pressing tool and a second pressing tool, the first pressing tool and the second pressing tool being movable relative to one another to form a working space, a workpiece, a pressure-generating device for generating a pressure profile acting on the workpiece located in the working space a temperature generating device for generating a temperature profile acting on the workpiece located in the working space, the workpiece undergoing an expansion profile depending on the pressure profile acting in the working area and the temperature profile acting in the working area, the first pressing tool and the second pressing tool depending on the pressure profile acting in the working area and go through a respective expansion course with the temperature course acting in the working area.
- the invention also relates to a pressing tool for use in a press.
- the invention relates to a method for producing a workpiece.
- Pressing systems and pressing tools have been known for a long time.
- a casting system a casting tool or a casting device
- the Pressing system comprises at least two pressing tools arranged to be movable in relation to one another, or if the press is suitable for receiving at least two pressing tools arranged to be movable in relation to one another, with a working space being enlarged or reduced by the relative movement of the at least two pressing tools, and with the pressure acting on the workpiece to be machined being independent of one Filling pressure is at least one material component of the workpiece.
- a component of a press system is therefore also the workpiece to be produced in the press, whereby the term “manufacture” should also be understood to mean the processing of a workpiece within the meaning of the present document.
- centrifugal casting, RTM or other methods and their arrangements in which at least one (material) component of the workpiece to be produced is placed in liquid form in the closed or at least be introduced essentially closed workspace.
- the RTM process in particular is often used in different variants for the production of workpieces from fiber composite materials, for example from carbon fiber-containing composite materials (CFRP), although the RTM process has fundamental disadvantages compared to a pressing process.
- CFRP carbon fiber-containing composite materials
- Fiber composite materials are composite materials that essentially consist of two main components: reinforcing fibers and a plastic in which the fibers are embedded ("matrix” or “resin”). By combining the two main components, it can be achieved that the composite material has overall better properties than the two components considered alone. For example, due to their high tensile strength in the fiber direction, the fibers help to increase the tensile strength of the composite material.
- the matrix on the other hand, ensures that the fibers are held in their position and protected from mechanical and chemical influences.
- CFRP thermoplastics with embedded carbon fiber nets
- CFRP itself have extremely low length or volume expansion (whereby there are sometimes strong differences in the direction of the fiber layer or at an angle to it, in particular orthogonally, which in a significantly weaker form also applies to glass fiber plastics GRP)
- the production of workpieces from CFRP in a pressing process is particularly difficult.
- composites of this type hardly withstand forced expansion, at least during their thermal manufacturing or processing process, at least not without unwanted changes in their matrix, which is so important for later use.
- there is a risk of unwanted air pockets which again significantly reduces the achievable durability.
- the thermal expansion behavior of the pressing tools or the press dies can easily represent the decisive limit of the processing possibilities, since the Pressing tools or the press dies themselves must be temperature-resistant. In addition, they must be designed to be economically usable and designed accordingly for a long service life. Furthermore, the pressing tools or the pressing dies must be manufacturable with suitable accuracies and their surfaces must be easy to polish, so that up until now there has been practically no alternative to making them from steel.
- pressing devices and methods which apply hydrostatic pressure on one side via a membrane to the workpiece resting against a fixed tool.
- An example of this is the device known from DE 102017 113 595 A1 and the method for producing components made of fiber composite material.
- a uniform application of pressure to the component to be produced is to be achieved in that a flexible membrane acts on the component, with oil pressure acting on the membrane from the side of the membrane facing away from the component. The membrane is thus pressed onto the component surface by oil pressure.
- oil pressure acts on all sides and thus the force acting from the membrane on the component surface is the same at every point, in particular the force component acting orthogonally on the component surface.
- the membrane must have a surface that is as smooth as possible during the entire manufacturing process in order to ensure even pressure transmission to the component surface.
- the membrane must be reliably sealed against the cavity in which the oil pressure is built up, but still be flexible be stored in order to maintain their smooth surface even with thermally induced expansion or contraction.
- the object of the invention is to provide a pressing system with which high-quality workpieces can be produced in thermally controlled pressing processes.
- At least one of these tasks is achieved in a pressing system of the type mentioned at the outset in that the first pressing tool and/or the second pressing tool are designed in such a way that their elongation curve during at least 97.5% of the elongation curve differs by a maximum of 3.5% from the elongation curve of the workpiece deviates.
- the strain profile corresponds to the amount of strain plotted over a period of time.
- the invention is therefore not based on the assumption that only the maximum amounts of thermally induced expansions between two materials that interact with one another, in this case the pressing tool material and the Workpiece material, to compare, but to limit their curves and these to a narrow extent of a maximum of 3.5% temporarily applied difference.
- the inventors have recognized that it is not expedient to adapt the maximum expansion amounts, since the expansion behavior of different materials, in particular composite materials, is not linear.
- the first pressing tool and the second pressing tool are designed in such a way that their elongation curve deviates by a maximum of 3.5% from the elongation curve of the workpiece during at least 97.5% of the elongation curve, the deviation from the elongation curve deviating from the deviation in the amount of elongation at the same time within a period of time then preferably defined by the pressing process.
- the expansion or expansion curves of the pressing tools and the workpiece can be determined directly (by measurement) or indirectly (by calculation/simulation) during the pressing process.
- Contact or non-contact measuring methods can be used for the metrological determination, for example optical measuring methods with image processing and image evaluation.
- measured variables are to be recorded from which the strain curve is calculated, taking into account known coefficients.
- These measured variables include, in particular, the temperature or the temperature curve and/or the pressure or the pressure curve.
- These measurands can also be determined with or without contact (e.g. temperature determination by measuring infrared radiation).
- the relevant coefficients include, in particular, the expansion coefficient, which depends on the material used.
- factors such as the volume of a component, the surface of a component, the temperature absorption capacity of a component and shape coefficients can be used in the computational determination.
- the determined temperature of a cooling or cooling medium flowing through the pressing system can also be used Heating medium are used when there is a heat transfer or heat transport in between.
- measurement and/or calculation methods that are as high-frequency as possible should be used. The measured or determined expansion curves can be used to control the same, for example by adjusting the temperature during the pressing process.
- the elongation curve of the first pressing tool and the second pressing tool during at least 98.0% of the elongation curve by a maximum of 3.0% from the elongation curve of the workpiece or even during at least 98.5% of the elongation curve by a maximum of 2.5 % deviates from the elongation curve of the workpiece.
- Such a pressing system is therefore particularly well suited, among other things, for the production of components made of fiber composite materials based on the use of prefabricated fiber-resin semi-finished products (so-called “prepregs", short for “preimpregnated fibers”).
- prefabricated fiber-resin semi-finished products so-called “prepregs”, short for “preimpregnated fibers”
- the fibers are provided with a resin system that has not yet fully reacted, so that the semi-finished products are still in a flexible form (e.g. in web form, on rolls or in plate form). Only when the components are manufactured are the prepregs shaped and hardened at high pressure and high temperatures through the completion of the chemical reaction. This step can then take place with great advantage in the present pressing system.
- the workpiece comprises at least one first component and at least one second component.
- the first component is formed by fibers, for example in the form of a fiber mesh, in particular a carbon fiber mesh, and the second component is in the form of a bedding matrix, in particular a resin.
- the already mentioned prepregs for example, represent a mixture of these two components.
- Prepregs are processed in large quantities in the aviation industry, for example.
- One of the processing challenges is that the aerospace industry often requires very complex component geometries, for example due to reinforcement elements such as stringers.
- the assembly effort is to be reduced, which is to be achieved by using fewer but larger components.
- the combination of complex geometries and large component dimensions places increased demands on devices and processes for manufacturing these components.
- One requirement, for example, is to ensure that pressure is applied evenly during the manufacture of the components.
- the pressing system also includes a membrane, the membrane being connected to one of the pressing tools, a cavity for a working medium being formed between the membrane and the pressing tool connected to it.
- a hydrostatic pressure acts on the workpiece during the pressing process, in other words the workpiece is reliably subjected to the same pressure in all areas. Fluctuations that can form in different areas can also occur be compensated by adding thickness tolerances of prepreg webs or panels arranged one on top of the other.
- the membrane is also already pretensioned before the press is closed, it is ensured that the membrane already has a smooth surface at the beginning of the impact on the workpiece and is not first put under tension by the working medium in the cavity and thus “smoothly pulled”. " becomes. This has the advantage that the membrane acts evenly on the workpiece right from the start of the temperature and pressure effects.
- the membrane is designed in such a way that its elongation curve also deviates by a maximum of 3.5% from the elongation curve of the workpiece during at least 97.5% of the elongation curve.
- the membrane is designed in such a way that its expansion curve during at least 5.0% of the expansion curve is more than 5.0% of the expansion curve of the workpiece deviates.
- the membrane should be as flat as possible in order to be able to quickly transfer temperature.
- it can be designed to be temperature-controlled by the medium, in particular oil, stored at least temporarily in the cavity.
- the membrane must be able to withstand high tensile loads, so that production from sheet steel with thicknesses between 0.9 mm and 4.2 mm, in particular between 1.5 mm and 3.0 mm, is preferred.
- the surface of the membrane is transferred to a surface of the workpiece.
- the membrane may be designed to be particularly smooth or structured according to a specific pattern that is repeated area by area, or to produce a specific individual image, for example in the form of a relief.
- the membrane does not have to be particularly restricted with regard to its expansion behavior.
- the pressing system has a pressing plane and that the membrane is movably arranged relative to the pressing tool connected to it, preferably with at least one directional component that preferably runs essentially parallel to the pressing plane.
- the membrane preferably by subjecting the membrane to pressure and/or temperature, preferably by means of a working medium in the cavity, can be guided past the seal that seals it with respect to the pressing tool, and preferably that the membrane due to the its expansion force occurring within the pressing process, in particular temperature-induced expansion, is guided past the seal at least in sections.
- At least the first pressing tool and/or at least the second pressing tool consists of a cast iron material with a nickel content between 36.0% and 48%, preferably between 37.5% and 47%, very preferably between 39.25% and 46%. includes, and in particular at least 90% by volume, %, in particular at least 98% preferably in one piece, is formed therefrom.
- the cast iron material is cooled from the authentic crystal lattice and in the temperature range from -60°C to 440°C, especially in the temperature range from 0°C to 420°C, there is an extremely small change in volume and length (in the positive direction : Volume or linear expansion).
- the cast iron material is, at least within the stated temperature ranges, largely in line with that of CFRP materials and can be adjusted precisely to individual CFRP material compositions depending on the precise definition of the nickel content to be selected within these limits.
- the thermal conductivity of the cast iron material is significantly better than that of cast steel due to the precipitated carbon in the form of graphite, so that the component behaves more favorably in the thermal process.
- volume change behavior of such a cast iron material can be adjusted very similarly to that of a GRP material and in particular to that of a CFRP material.
- this applies not only to the absolute value related to a temperature difference to be overcome, for example given by a process, but also to the entire course of the change in length and/or volume, which is completely different from previous alloys produced for comparable purposes in other areas of application. This is the only way to achieve the goal of minimizing or preventing microscopic or macroscopic displacements within the workpiece structure that is being formed.
- the alloy has significant advantages over a cast steel material alloy: Due to the precipitation of the dissolved carbon from the melt during the solidification process, a composite material is ultimately created with the cast iron. This precipitation process, which is associated with a change in volume in the material, has a favorable effect on the shrinkage behavior of cast iron compared to cast steel. This then leads to lower shrinkage behavior, and ultimately also to less shrinkage and the presence of a clearly more defined behavior - especially with regard to the course of the length or volume change behavior under the influence of temperature. In addition, components to be manufactured from it can be produced more easily in terms of process technology in solid quality, which ultimately also has an economic advantage.
- a cast iron material enables a pressing tool to have significantly dampened vibration behavior compared to a cast steel material. This is particularly important because the cycle time in which a press system opens and closes again, but also the closing (and of course the opening time) can be decisive for an economically successful use of the press system.
- the cast iron material further comprises 1.0% to 5.5%, preferably 1.5% to 4.0% carbon.
- the cast iron material is very particularly preferably characterized as follows: cast iron material which contains at least the following percentages by weight as elements or as compounds of:
- the cast iron material can also have a proportion of magnesium in the range from approx. 0.020% to 0.150%, preferably from approx. 0.040% to 0.100%, particularly preferably from approx. 0.065% to 0.090%.
- the cast iron material can have a proportion of silicon in the range from approx. 1.0% to 4.5%, preferably from approx. 1.0% to 2.5%, particularly preferably from approx. 1.3% to 2.0% include %.
- the pressing system for producing the workpiece preferably runs through a pressing cycle and the pressing cycle runs through a Temperature difference from 100 K to 500 K, preferably from 170 K to 450 K, most preferably from 190 K to 250 K.
- This temperature window is sufficient and appropriate for most thermally controlled processes for the production of workpieces, in particular from CFRP or GFRP.
- the working space is defined by a first spatial axis, a second spatial axis and a third spatial axis and at least in the direction of one of the spatial axes along a distance of at least 1.3 m, preferably at least 3.5 m, very preferably at least of 5 m, more preferably at least 8 m and most preferably at least 10.5 m.
- a pressing tool for use in a press with a first pressing tool and a second pressing tool the first pressing tool and the second pressing tool being movable relative to one another to form a working space
- the pressing tool being designed in such a way that it is equipped with a pressure generating device for generating a pressure profile acting on the workpiece located in the work space and a temperature generating device for generating a temperature profile acting on the workpiece located in the work space can be brought into operative connection
- at least one object on which the invention is based is achieved in that the pressing tool for a pressing system according to one of claims 1 up to 11.
- the pressing tool is not only intended for use in a press, but also for use in a pressing system.
- a method for producing a workpiece comprising the following steps: providing a press with a pressure generating device and a temperature generating device; providing a workpiece (to be produced); placing the workpiece in a work area to form a press system; closing the press;
- the workpiece undergoes a stretching process as a function of the pressure curve acting in the working space and the temperature curve acting in the working space, with the first pressing tool and the second pressing tool depending on the pressure in the working space acting pressure curve and the temperature curve acting in the working space go through a respective expansion curve and the first pressing tool and / or the second pressing tool, such are designed so that their elongation curve deviates by a maximum of 3.5% from the elongation curve of the workpiece during at least 97.5% of the elongation curve.
- the workpiece to be formed in the form of several prepregs in a solid state of aggregation is placed in the press, in particular in the working space.
- 1A a first embodiment of a press for carrying out a method according to the invention in cross section in the open position without an inserted workpiece
- Fig. IC the press of Fig. 1A in the closed position
- Fig. 2 Strain curves
- Fig. 3 the sequence of a method according to the invention in a schematic
- Fig. 1A shows a first embodiment of a press 1 for forming a pressing system 100 and for carrying out a method according to the invention for the production of a workpiece 19, in cross section in the open position without an inserted workpiece 19.
- the press 1 comprises a first - upper - pressing tool 2 and a second - lower - pressing tool 3.
- the two pressing tools 2, 3 can be moved relative to one another, for example in the vertical direction (Z-direction) (indicated by arrows in FIG. 1).
- the press includes a membrane 4 which is connected to the upper pressing tool 2 .
- the membrane 4 could also be connected to the lower pressing tool 3 .
- a second membrane could also be provided in addition to the membrane, so that both the first and the second tool would be connected to a membrane. It would also be conceivable for a single membrane to be connected both to the first pressing tool 2 and to the second pressing tool 3 and for this purpose to be preferably deflected, for example by 180°.
- the membrane 4 is made of metal and preferably has a thickness in the range between 0.05 mm and 3.5 mm, but preferably between 0.2 mm and 2.2 mm.
- the cavity 5 can be filled with the working medium via a channel 6 . Bores 7 through which a heating and/or cooling medium can be conducted are provided both in the upper pressing tool 2 and in the lower pressing tool 3 .
- a working space 8 is provided in the lower pressing tool 3, into which a workpiece 19 (not yet shown in FIG. 1A) can be inserted. Deviating from this, part of the working space can also be formed by the second pressing tool 3 . Since the workpiece 19 shown in Figure 1B and IC but preferably from a first component 24 and a second component 25, which are connected to one another during a pressing process within the working space 8 under the influence of pressure and temperature, it is advantageous if the free space provided for forming the working space 8 is provided in the lower pressing tool 3.
- the two pressing tools 2, 3 have a guide 9, which can be formed, for example, by a projection 9A and a recess 9B, with the projection 9A being provided on the lower pressing tool 3 and the recess 9B being provided on the upper pressing tool 2 can.
- Temperature generating device is indicated by arrows. Of course, it is preferred that the temperature generating device 23 also acts on both pressing tools 2 and 3, while the pressure generating device 22 automatically acts on all the components delimiting the working space 8 when the press is closed. In particular, the pressure generating device can also act on the cavity 5 delimited by the membrane 4, at least with part of its power.
- the membrane 4 is connected to the upper die 2 in the following manner:
- the upper die 2 has a peripheral rim member 10 which is bolted to the upper die 2 (the bolting is not shown in Figure 1A). Between the upper die 2 and its edge member
- a clamping device 13 is provided, in which the membrane 4 is clamped.
- the clamping device 13 is connected to a tie rod 14, which is led out through an opening in the upper pressing tool 2 and the edge element 10 and is pressed outwards there by a spring 15 supported on the outer surface, whereby the membrane 4 is provided with a pretension .
- a seal 16 is provided in the gap 11, which allows the membrane 4 to move. Adjacent to the seal 16 is a device 17 for varying the sealing force FD intended.
- a device 18 for changing the spring force FF is provided adjacent to the spring 15 .
- FIG. 1B shows the press 1 from FIG. 1A in the open position with the workpiece 19 inserted.
- Those areas of the press 1 which have already been described above are provided with corresponding reference symbols in FIG. 1B.
- the difference from the position shown in FIG. 1A is that the workpiece 19 (to be formed) has been placed in the working space 8 of the lower pressing tool 3 .
- the workpiece 19, which is preferably still to be formed, consists of a first component 24 and a second component 25, which are stacked on top of one another in a large number of thin layers in the form of so-called prepregs or organic sheets.
- the individual prepregs have thicknesses of 0.12 mm to 0.72 mm, preferably 0.16 mm to 0.32 mm, and consist of fiber, in particular carbon fiber, meshes laid in a resin matrix.
- the chemical connection between the matrix (resin) and the fibers or the fiber mesh is only completed within the pressing system 100, ie during a pressing cycle, under the influence of pressure and temperature.
- Fig. IC shows the press 1 from Fig. 1A in the closed position.
- Those areas of the press 1 which have already been described above are also provided with corresponding reference symbols in FIG.
- the press 1 was closed by moving the two pressing tools 2, 3 towards one another.
- the workpiece 19 is subjected to pressure and temperature.
- Pressure is applied by a working medium, for example oil, being conducted through the channel 6 into the cavity 5 , as a result of which the membrane 4 is pressed in the direction of the workpiece 19 .
- the cavity 5 can also already be filled with the working medium.
- the working medium can be stored against a pressure-limiting valve in the cavity and already prestressed.
- the pressure of the working medium can then increase within the cavity and thus also be exerted on the (forming) workpiece as a reaction.
- the pressure of the working medium can then when closing the Press 1, Y, for example, from a preload range between 1.2 bar and 2.5 bar to a working range between 16 bar and 50 bar, in extreme cases even up to 70 bar and be held at this level for a press duration.
- Temperature can be applied in different ways: One possibility is to heat the working medium conducted through the channel 6 into the cavity 5 so that the heat is transferred from the working medium in the cavity 5 through the membrane 4 to the workpiece 19 becomes. Conversely, the working medium could be cooled in order to cool the workpiece 19. As an alternative or in addition to this, it can be provided that a heating and/or cooling medium flows through the bores 7, as a result of which the two pressing tools 2, 3 and then also the workpiece 19 can be heated or cooled first. As a result of the pressure effect, the workpiece 19 is compressed in the position shown in FIG. 1C.
- the pressing system 100 shown comprises: a press 1, with a first pressing tool 2 and a second pressing tool 3, the first pressing tool 2 and the second pressing tool 3 being movable relative to one another to form a working space 8, a workpiece 19, a pressure generating device 22, for Generation of a pressure curve acting on the workpiece 19 located in the working space 8, a
- the press system 100 thus runs through a press cycle to produce the workpiece 19 .
- the press cycle can run through a temperature difference of 100 K to 500 K, preferably from 170 K to 450 K, most preferably from 190 K to 250 K, acting in the working space 8, whereby during the entire press cycle it applies that the expansion curve DVP1, DVP2 during at least 97.5% of the elongation curve deviates from the elongation curve DVW of the workpiece 19 by a maximum of 3.5%.
- the first pressing tool 2 and/or the second pressing tool 3 is preferably formed from a cast iron material that has a nickel content of between 36.0% and 48%, and in particular is formed from at least 90% by volume, preferably in one piece.
- the cast iron material further comprises 1.0% to 5.5%, preferably 1.5% to 4.0% carbon and is preferably characterized as follows: cast iron material with at least the following percentages by weight as elements or as compounds of: carbon in the range of about 1.0% to 4.0%, silicon in the range of about 1.0% to 5.0%, manganese in the range of about 0.1% to 1.5%, nickel in the range of about 36.5% to 48.0%, chromium in the range of about 0.01% to 0.25%, phosphorus to about 0.08%,
- the cast iron material can also have a proportion of magnesium in the range from approx. 0.020% to 0.150%, preferably from approx. 0.040% to 0.100%, particularly preferably from approx. 0.065% to 0.090%.
- the cast iron material can have a proportion of silicon in the range from approx. 1.0% to 4.5%, preferably from approx. 1.0% to 2.5%, particularly preferably from approx. 1.3% to 2.0% include %.
- the working space 8 of the press system 100 shown in Figures 1 A to IC and Figure 2 is defined by a first spatial axis X, a second spatial axis Y and a third spatial axis Z, and is at least in the direction of one of the spatial axes X, Y, Z along a Section L of at least 1.3 m, preferably at least 3.5 m, more preferably at least 5 m, more preferably at least 8 m and most preferably at least 10.5 m.
- FIG. 2 the progression over time of a pressing cycle of the pressing system 100 is shown along the horizontal axis.
- the amounts of strain are plotted over time along the vertical axis, resulting in the curves of strain curves DVM, DVW, DVP1 and DVP2, the values of which are dependent on the effects of the pressure curve and the temperature curve in the work space.
- the pressing tools 2 and 3 experience the pressure and temperature curves acting in the working space, but at least the temperature curve acting in the working space only secondarily, since it is not one of the tasks of a pressing system 100 to thermally impinge on as many system parts as possible. From an ecological and economic point of view, this would be nonsense.
- the elongation curves DVP1 and DVP2 of the two pressing tools 2 and 3 deviate by a maximum of 3.5% from the elongation curve of the workpiece 19 over at least 97.5% of their elongation curve.
- the curves are practically exactly on top of each other practically continuously during the entire process cycle time and are therefore also shown on the same line in the further course of t.
- FIG. 2 also clearly shows that the elongation curve of the membrane 4 during at least 7.5% of its elongation curve deviates by more than 5% from the elongation curve of the workpiece seen at the same point in time.
- the expansion behavior of the membrane 4 is also much more linear.
- the elongation curves of the workpiece and the pressing tools can also assume other curve shapes.
- the decisive factor remains that the first pressing tool 2 and/or the second pressing tool 3 are designed in such a way that their elongation curve DVP1, DVP2 deviates by a maximum of 3.5% from the elongation curve DVW of the workpiece 19 during at least 97.5% of the elongation curve.
- the sharper drop in the curves shown in the example shown depends on the rapid cooling of the selected pressing process. In principle, however, the heating and cooling rates can also be of equal value. In some cases it is also conceivable that the heating process is run faster than the cooling process. As shown, a holding part is normally provided between the heating and cooling process parts, in which pressure and temperature are kept at the same level.
- the expansion behavior then generally adapts, but can creep in slightly and therefore assume a slightly rounded shape, which is also shown somewhat exaggerated.
- FIG. 3 shows the sequence of a method 100 according to the invention in a schematic representation.
- the method 100 comprises the following steps: 101: providing a press, 102: providing a workpiece, 103: inserting the workpiece, 104: closing the press, 105: subjecting the workpiece to pressure and/or temperature, 106: opening the press .
- DVP1 Strain curve of the first press tool
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2023550234A JP2024510721A (ja) | 2021-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | プレスシステムおよびプレスシステムのためのプレスツール、ならびにワークピースを製造するための方法 |
EP22707123.0A EP4294627A1 (de) | 2021-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | Presssystem und presswerkzeug für ein presssystem, sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines werkstücks |
US18/277,820 US20240140062A1 (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | Pressing System and Pressing Tool for a Pressing System, as Well as Method for Manufacturing a Workpiece |
KR1020237029589A KR20230147639A (ko) | 2021-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | 프레싱 시스템 및 프레싱 시스템용 프레싱 툴, 및 워크피스 제조 방법 |
CN202280016278.0A CN117062713A (zh) | 2021-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | 压机系统和压机系统的压制工具以及工件的制造方法 |
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DE102021000923.1A DE102021000923A1 (de) | 2021-02-22 | 2021-02-22 | Presssystem und Presswerkzeug für ein Presssystem, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Werkstücks |
DE102021000923.1 | 2021-02-22 |
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WO2022175543A1 true WO2022175543A1 (de) | 2022-08-25 |
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PCT/EP2022/054333 WO2022175543A1 (de) | 2021-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | Presssystem und presswerkzeug für ein presssystem, sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines werkstücks |
Country Status (7)
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US (1) | US20240140062A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4294627A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2024510721A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20230147639A (de) |
CN (1) | CN117062713A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102021000923A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022175543A1 (de) |
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DE102022134989A1 (de) * | 2022-12-29 | 2024-07-04 | Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formteilen |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5466146A (en) * | 1992-06-29 | 1995-11-14 | Fritz; Michael L. | Hydroforming platen and seal |
EP1666170A1 (de) * | 2003-08-28 | 2006-06-07 | Katsuaki Nakamura | Hydraulische druckformvorrichtung und hydraulisches druckformverfahren |
DE102014119072B3 (de) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-02-18 | Robert Bürkle GmbH | Presse zum Laminieren von Photovoltaikmodulen sowie Membran für eine solche |
US20160297153A1 (en) | 2013-12-04 | 2016-10-13 | Snecma | Method for impregnation of a fibrous preform and device for implementation of the said method |
DE102017113595A1 (de) | 2017-06-20 | 2018-12-20 | Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Bauteils aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff |
-
2021
- 2021-02-22 DE DE102021000923.1A patent/DE102021000923A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-02-22 US US18/277,820 patent/US20240140062A1/en active Pending
- 2022-02-22 CN CN202280016278.0A patent/CN117062713A/zh active Pending
- 2022-02-22 JP JP2023550234A patent/JP2024510721A/ja active Pending
- 2022-02-22 KR KR1020237029589A patent/KR20230147639A/ko unknown
- 2022-02-22 EP EP22707123.0A patent/EP4294627A1/de active Pending
- 2022-02-22 WO PCT/EP2022/054333 patent/WO2022175543A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5466146A (en) * | 1992-06-29 | 1995-11-14 | Fritz; Michael L. | Hydroforming platen and seal |
EP1666170A1 (de) * | 2003-08-28 | 2006-06-07 | Katsuaki Nakamura | Hydraulische druckformvorrichtung und hydraulisches druckformverfahren |
US20160297153A1 (en) | 2013-12-04 | 2016-10-13 | Snecma | Method for impregnation of a fibrous preform and device for implementation of the said method |
DE102014119072B3 (de) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-02-18 | Robert Bürkle GmbH | Presse zum Laminieren von Photovoltaikmodulen sowie Membran für eine solche |
DE102017113595A1 (de) | 2017-06-20 | 2018-12-20 | Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Bauteils aus einem Faserverbundwerkstoff |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2024510721A (ja) | 2024-03-11 |
US20240140062A1 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
KR20230147639A (ko) | 2023-10-23 |
CN117062713A (zh) | 2023-11-14 |
EP4294627A1 (de) | 2023-12-27 |
DE102021000923A1 (de) | 2022-08-25 |
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