WO2022171031A1 - Appareil d'affichage, affichage tête haute et dispositif de transport - Google Patents

Appareil d'affichage, affichage tête haute et dispositif de transport Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022171031A1
WO2022171031A1 PCT/CN2022/074993 CN2022074993W WO2022171031A1 WO 2022171031 A1 WO2022171031 A1 WO 2022171031A1 CN 2022074993 W CN2022074993 W CN 2022074993W WO 2022171031 A1 WO2022171031 A1 WO 2022171031A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
optical waveguide
sub
polarized
waveguide element
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2022/074993
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐俊峰
吴慧军
方涛
Original Assignee
未来（北京）黑科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022171031A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022171031A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a display device, a head-up display, and a transportation device.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light source device, a display device, a head-up display, and a transportation device.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light source device including a light source part and an optical waveguide element.
  • the light emitted by the light source part includes first polarized light and second polarized light with different polarization states;
  • the optical waveguide element includes a plurality of light coupling out parts.
  • the light source portion is configured so that the light emitted from the light source portion propagates in the optical waveguide element after entering the optical waveguide element, and the plurality of light coupling out portions are configured to transmit the light propagating in the optical waveguide element.
  • the plurality of light coupling out parts include a first light coupling out part and a second light coupling out part, the first light coupling out part is configured to enter the first light coupling out part of the optical waveguide element
  • the polarized light is coupled out;
  • the light source device further includes a polarization conversion structure, the polarization conversion structure is configured to convert the second polarized light after entering the optical waveguide element into a first polarized light, the second polarized light
  • the decoupling part is configured to: after the polarization conversion structure converts the second polarized light entering the optical waveguide element into the first polarized light, couple out the converted first polarized light; or
  • the second light out-coupling portion is configured to couple out the second polarized light entering the optical waveguide element to the polarization conversion structure, and the coupled out second polarized light is removed by the polarization conversion structure into the first polarized light.
  • the light source device is a backlight.
  • the plurality of light out-couplers comprises an array of light out-couplers having a plurality of light-out
  • the light in the optical waveguide element is coupled out and the outcoupled light is emitted from the light exit region of the optical waveguide element.
  • the first optical out-coupling portion includes a first optical out-coupling member array having a plurality of first optical out-coupling members
  • the second optical out-coupling portion includes A second light out-coupling element array having a plurality of second light out-coupling elements.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device, comprising: a display panel including a display surface and a backside opposite to the display surface; and a backlight located on the backside of the display panel.
  • the backlight further includes a light source part, and light emitted by the light source part enters the optical waveguide element.
  • the backlight source is the light source device provided in the first aspect of the present disclosure.
  • the backlight includes an optical waveguide element including a light exit region and an array of light out-couplers configured to connect the The light in the optical waveguide element is coupled out and the outcoupled light is emitted from the light exit region of the optical waveguide element.
  • the array of optical out-coupling members includes a plurality of optical out-coupling members, and light propagating to each of the optical out-coupling members in at least part of the optical out-coupling members A part of the light is reflected by the light out-coupling members, and another part of the light that propagates to each of the light out-coupling members in at least part of the light out-coupling members passes through the light out-coupling members.
  • the part of the light is reflected out of the optical waveguide element by the light out-coupling member, and the other part of the light is in the transparent After passing through the optical coupling-out member, it continues to propagate in the optical waveguide element; or, a part of the light is transmitted out of the optical waveguide element by the optical coupling-out member, and another part of the light is transmitted by the optical coupling-out member.
  • the light out-coupling element continues to propagate in the optical waveguide element after being reflected.
  • light incident to the optical waveguide element occurs multiple times at least at the light exit surface of the optical waveguide element after entering the optical waveguide element Totally reflected and sequentially propagated to the plurality of optical out-coupling members of the optical-out-coupling member array, and a part of the light transmitted to each optical out-coupling member of the optical out-coupling member array is reflected by the optical out-coupling member After exiting the light outgoing surface of the optical waveguide element, it passes through the display panel, and another part of the light that propagates to each light coupling element of the light coupling element array passes through the light coupling out element. Propagation in the optical waveguide element continues.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a head-up display, including: the light source device provided by any embodiment of the present disclosure or a display device including the light source device or the display device provided by any embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the head-up display further includes a reflection imaging unit, which is located on the light-emitting side of the display device and is configured to reflect the light emitted by the display device and then propagate it to the head-up display for observation. Area.
  • a reflection imaging unit located on the light-emitting side of the display device and is configured to reflect the light emitted by the display device and then propagate it to the head-up display for observation. Area.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a traffic device, including the light source device or the display device or the head-up display provided by any embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the optical waveguide element further includes a waveguide medium, and the light emitted by the light source part enters the waveguide medium and propagates through total reflection in the waveguide medium.
  • all or part of the light propagating to the last optical out-coupling member is reflected out of the optical waveguide element by the last optical out-coupling member After the light emitting area passes through the display panel.
  • the included angle between the light coupling out member and the light outgoing region is a first included angle
  • the first included angle and the light The sum of the critical angles of total reflection is in the range of 60° to 120°.
  • the light out-coupling member includes a transflective element.
  • the optical waveguide element includes a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements
  • the optical out-coupler array includes a plurality of optical sub-waveguide elements respectively located in the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements.
  • the backlight further includes a light splitting element configured to divide the light incident on the light splitting element into a plurality of sub-beams, and the plurality of sub-beams enter the plurality of sub-beams respectively In the waveguide element, each sub-beam entering into each sub-optical waveguide element is reflected out of the light outgoing region of the optical waveguide element by the sub-optical coupling-out element array located in each sub-optical waveguide element.
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements are arranged overlapping in a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel, and/or the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements
  • the sub-optical waveguide elements are arranged in a direction parallel to the display surface;
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements include a first sub-optical waveguide element and a second sub-optical waveguide element.
  • the light incident on the optical waveguide element includes a first characteristic light and a second characteristic light with different characteristics
  • the light splitting element is configured to respond to the incident light.
  • the light beam to the spectroscopic element is subjected to spectral processing, the first characteristic light obtained by the spectral processing is incident on the first sub-optical waveguide element, and the first characteristic light obtained by the spectral processing is allowed to enter the first sub-optical waveguide element.
  • the second characteristic light is incident on the second sub-optical waveguide element.
  • the first characteristic light and the second characteristic light are first polarized light and second polarized light with different polarization states, respectively; or, the The first characteristic light and the second characteristic light are first color light and second color light with different wavelength distributions, respectively.
  • the plurality of sub-beams obtained by performing the spectroscopic processing on the light includes the first color light, the second color light and the third color light color light, the third color light is configured to enter one of the first sub-optical waveguide element and the second sub-optical waveguide element; or, the plurality of sub-beams include the first color light, the second color light and the third color light, the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements further include a third sub-optical waveguide element, the third color light is configured to enter the third sub-optical waveguide element and is located in the third sub-optical waveguide element
  • the light coupling element array in the third sub-optical waveguide element reflects the third sub-optical waveguide element.
  • the reflectivity of the light coupling out member in the first sub-optical waveguide element to the first characteristic light is greater than that of the second characteristic light
  • the reflectivity of the light coupling-out member in the second sub-optical waveguide element to the second characteristic light is greater than the reflectivity to the first characteristic light
  • the light splitting element comprises a polarizing light splitting element configured to detect one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light and/or, the polarized light splitting element is configured to have a transmittance to one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light that is greater than its reflectivity to the other the transmittance.
  • the light splitting element comprises a polarizing light splitting element configured to reflect the first polarized light and the second polarized light and transmits the other of the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
  • the light splitting element further includes a reflective element configured to reflect one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light .
  • the reflectivity of the light out-coupling elements arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the light outgoing region in the light out-coupling element array is in the propagation of the light gradually increase in the direction or regionally; and/or the arrangement density of the light out-coupling elements arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the light-emitting area in the light-transmitting out-coupler array gradually increases or increases regionally. gradually increased.
  • At least one optical out-coupling element in the array of optical out-coupling elements includes a selective transmission film, and the light entering the optical waveguide element includes different characteristics.
  • the first light and the second light, the selective transmission film is configured to reflect the first light is greater than the reflectivity of the second light, and the transmittance of the second light is greater than that of the second light.
  • the transmittance of the first light ray is configured to reflect the first light.
  • the light out-coupling element array includes a first light out-coupling element group and a second light out-coupling element arranged along the extending direction of the light outgoing region
  • Each group of light out-coupling elements includes light out-coupling elements arranged along the extension direction of the light-exiting region, and the inclination direction of the light-outcoupling elements of the first light-outcoupling element group with respect to the light-exiting region is the same as that of the light outgoing element group.
  • the inclination directions of the light coupling out members of the second transflective element group with respect to the light outgoing area are not parallel.
  • the backlight further includes a light source part
  • the light source part includes a first light source part and a second light source part
  • the first light source part and the The second light source parts are respectively located on both sides of the light coupler array along the extending direction of the light output area
  • the first light coupler group is configured to The light of the optical waveguide element is reflected out of the optical waveguide element
  • the second light coupler group is configured to reflect the light emitted by the second light source part and enter the optical waveguide element out of the light a waveguide element; or the light source part is located between the first light coupler group and the second light coupler group in the extending direction of the light exit region.
  • the backlight source further includes a light source part, and at least a part of the optical couplers among the plurality of optical out-coupling elements included in the array of optical out-coupling elements
  • the output pieces are sequentially arranged along a first direction and extend along a second direction intersecting with the first direction
  • the light source part includes a plurality of sub-light sources arranged along the second direction
  • the plurality of sub-light sources are configured to emit the incoming the light of the at least part of the optical outcoupling member.
  • the display device further includes a plurality of beam expanders arranged along the second direction, the plurality of beam expanders being configured to emit the sub-light sources
  • the light beams are expanded along the second direction, and the expanded light beams are configured to be transmitted to the light coupler array.
  • the backlight source further includes a light source part, and the light emitted by the light source part includes first polarized light and second polarized light with different polarization states, so
  • the display panel is configured to generate image light using one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
  • the display device further includes a light conversion device, the light conversion device includes a beam splitting element and a polarization conversion element, the beam splitting element is located in the The display panel faces a side of the optical waveguide element, and is configured to split the light incident on the beam splitting element into a first polarized light beam and a second polarized light beam with different polarization states, and the polarization conversion element is configured In order to convert the first polarized light beam and the second polarized light beam that cannot be used by the display panel into a polarized light beam that can be used by the display panel before reaching the display panel.
  • the light conversion device is configured to recover light emitted by the light source portion and send the recovered light to the optical waveguide element, and /or recovering the light emitted by the optical waveguide element and sending the recovered light into the display panel.
  • the display device further includes: at least one light diffusing element configured to diffuse light emitted from at least one of the display panel and the optical waveguide element.
  • the display device further includes: a light condensing element configured to condense the light exiting from the optical waveguide element, so that the condensed light is directed toward the at least one Light diffusing element.
  • the light converging element comprises at least one lens.
  • the light condensing element and the optical waveguide element are integral structures.
  • a transparent medium layer is disposed between the light-converging element and the optical waveguide element, and the refractive index of the transparent medium layer is smaller than that of the optical waveguide element .
  • the light emitting region of the optical waveguide element and the display surface of the display panel are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the display surface, and the backlight source The included light source portion is located on the side of the optical waveguide element.
  • the backlight source includes an optical waveguide plate
  • the optical waveguide plate includes a light homogenizing part and the optical waveguide element, and is incident on the light homogenizing part The light enters the optical waveguide element after being homogenized by the homogenizing part.
  • the light incident to the light dodging part undergoes multiple reflections (eg total reflection and/or non-total reflection) in the light dodging part Then enter the optical waveguide element.
  • the optical waveguide plate is an integrated structure.
  • the reflective imaging portion includes a windshield of the traffic equipment.
  • the backlight source when the backlight source includes an optical waveguide plate and the optical waveguide plate includes a light homogenizer and an optical waveguide element, the optical waveguide element includes a light exit region , the uniform light portion and the optical waveguide element are sequentially arranged in a direction perpendicular to the light exit area; the backlight further includes a light source portion, and the light source portion is configured to emit light in the uniform light source. After multiple total reflections occur in the light portion, the light enters the optical waveguide element, and then exits from the light exit region of the optical waveguide element.
  • the light source portion is configured such that the light emitted from the light source portion is reflectively propagated in the optical waveguide element after entering the optical waveguide element, so
  • the light out-coupling portion is configured to out-couple light propagating reflectively in the optical waveguide element.
  • the main optical axis of the light passing through the optical coupling-out member intersects with the extending direction of the light-exiting region of the optical waveguide element;
  • the main optical axis of the light of the optical coupling-out member is along the extending direction of the light-emitting region of the optical waveguide element.
  • the backlight source includes a light-conducting plate, the light-conducting plate includes a light-diffusing portion and the light-conducting element, and light incident on the light-diffusing portion is The homogenizing part enters the light conducting element after homogenization; and/or, the source light of the backlight includes a first polarized light component and a second polarized light component, the first polarized light and the The polarization states of the second polarized light are different, and the outgoing light from the light outgoing side of the backlight is polarized light and includes one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light; and/or, the The display device further includes a light condensing element and a light diffusing element, and the light conducting element, the light condensing element, the light diffusing element and the display panel are arranged in sequence.
  • the light incident on the light homogenizing part enters the light conducting element after multiple reflections in the light homogenizing part, wherein the multiple The secondary reflection includes at least one total reflection and/or at least one non-total reflection, and/or the light guide plate is an integrated structure.
  • the backlight source further includes a light conversion device, the light conversion device includes a polarization beam splitting element and a polarization conversion element, the polarization beam splitting element is configured to The source light of the polarized light splitting element is divided into the first polarized light and the second polarized light, and the polarization conversion element is configured to convert one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
  • one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is used to generate image light; wherein the first polarized light and the second polarized light are converted at the polarization converting element
  • the polarized light obtained after one of the second polarized lights is converted into the other is incident on the light conducting element; or, one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is entering the The light-conducting element is then converted to the other by the polarization converting element.
  • the backlight source further includes a reflective element, and the reflective element is configured to reflect the first polarized light or the second polarized light; one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light obtained by the spectroscopic processing is converted by the polarization conversion element after being reflected by the reflective element, or converted by the polarization conversion element after being reflected by the reflective element Reflected by the reflective element after conversion, or reflected by the reflective element after a first conversion by the polarization conversion element and then converted a second time by the polarization conversion element.
  • the light-conducting element is a plurality of sub-light-conducting elements, the plurality of sub-light-conducting elements including a first sub-light-conducting element connected to or spaced apart from each other and
  • the second sub-light-conducting element, the first sub-light-conducting element and the second sub-light-conducting element are stacked along the alignment direction of the backlight source and the display panel, or are arranged along the alignment direction of the backlight source and the display panel.
  • Arrangement directions of the panels are arranged in sequence in directions perpendicular to the direction of arrangement, and the first polarized light and the second polarized light obtained after the light splitting process by the polarization beam splitting element are incident on different sub-light conducting elements; wherein, in the first When the sub-light conducting elements and the second sub-light conducting elements are stacked along the arrangement direction of the backlight and the display panel, the first sub-lights incident on the first polarized light and the second polarized light respectively
  • Both the conducting element and the second sub-light conducting element include sequentially arranged light out-coupling elements or one of them does not include sequentially arranged optical out-coupling elements.
  • the first sub-light-conducting element and the second sub-light-conducting element when the first sub-light-conducting element and the second sub-light-conducting element are arranged in layers, wherein the first sub-element is The first light-emitting area of the first sub-light-conducting element and the second light-emitting area of the second sub-light-conducting element overlap, and the light emitted from one of the first light-emitting area and the second light-emitting area propagates to The other one of the first light emitting area and the second light emitting area may propagate to the other one of the first light emitting area and the second light emitting area after passing through the polarization conversion element; or, the second light emitting area
  • the sub-light-conducting element includes a light-conducting region and a second light-exiting region sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the second sub-light-conducting element, and the polarized light in the second sub-light-conducting element is totally
  • the selectively reflective film includes a polarized reflective film, and the polarized reflective film includes a polarized transflective film and/or a polarized absorbing film; or the selected The polar reflective film includes a polarized reflective film and a wavelength selective reflective film, and the polarized reflective film includes a polarized transflective film and/or a polarized absorbing film.
  • the polarization state of the polarized light incident on the polarized reflective film is consistent with the polarization state of the outgoing light emitted from the light outgoing side of the backlight.
  • the last light out-coupling member in the sequential propagation direction of the light rays includes a reflective film
  • the reflective film includes a selective reflective film and/or a non-reflective film. Selective Reflective Film.
  • the selectively reflective film may comprise a polarized reflective film.
  • the polarizing reflective film may include a polarizing transflective film and/or a polarizing absorptive film.
  • the selective reflection film further comprises a wavelength selective reflection film.
  • a gas is formed between the plurality of light coupling-out members; or a transparent optical medium is formed between the plurality of light coupling-out members.
  • reflecting the reflective film enables the last light out-coupling member to have the greatest reflectivity among the plurality of light out-coupling members; and/ Or the reflective film substantially reflects all or all selected light rays incident thereon; and/or the reflective film is a plated reflective film or a laminated reflective film or a separate reflective film; And/or, when the last light out-coupling member includes the reflective film, the chief light ray of the light passing through the light out-coupling member intersects with the extending direction of the light-emitting region of the light-conducting element.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a display device provided according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a display device provided according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a backlight source according to the example shown in FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of another backlight source according to the example shown in FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic plan view of another backlight source according to the example shown in FIG. 1A;
  • 4B is a schematic plan view of another backlight source according to the example shown in FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of another backlight source according to the example shown in FIG. 1A;
  • FIG. 6 is an example in which the light emitted from the transflective element array is not perpendicular to the main surface of the waveguide medium
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight provided according to an example of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a backlight provided according to an example of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 16 is an example diagram of the backlight shown in FIG. 15;
  • FIG. 17 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a backlight provided according to another example of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a backlight provided according to another example of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 19 is an example diagram of the backlight shown in FIG. 18;
  • 20 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a backlight provided according to yet another example of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 21 is an example diagram of the backlight shown in FIG. 20;
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight provided according to an example of still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the backlight shown in FIG. 22;
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a backlight provided according to another example of still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a display device provided according to an example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a display device provided according to another example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a display device provided according to another example of still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a display device provided according to another example of still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 29 is a schematic diagram of a light conversion device in a display device provided according to another example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of a light conversion device in a display device provided according to yet another example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of a light conversion device in a display device provided according to yet another example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a head-up display provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 33 is an exemplary block diagram of a transportation device provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 34 is a schematic diagram of light propagating in an optical waveguide element provided according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the inventors of the present application found that the backlight source in a general display device needs to be set with a long light mixing distance to ensure the uniformity of light output, and setting a long light mixing distance of the backlight source will lead to display
  • the thickness of the device is relatively large, which affects the portability of the display device.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display device, a head-up display, and a transportation device.
  • a display device includes: a display panel including a display surface and a backside opposite to the display surface; and a backlight located on the backside of the display panel, the backlight including an optical waveguide element, and the optical waveguide element including a light outgoing region and an array of light out-coupling elements , the optical coupler array includes a plurality of optical couplers, and the light incident to the optical waveguide element occurs multiple total reflections at least at the light exit region of the optical waveguide element after entering the optical waveguide element and propagates to the optical coupler array in turn A part of the light that propagates to at least part of each of the optical out-coupling parts in the optical out-coupling part is reflected out of the light-emitting area of the optical waveguide element by the optical out-coupling part, and then passes through the display panel and propagates to at least part of the light. The other part of the light of each of the optical out-coupling members in the out-coupling member continues to propagate in the optical waveguide element after passing through the optical out
  • a display device includes a display panel and a backlight.
  • the display panel includes a display surface and a backside opposite to the display surface; the backlight source is located on the backside of the display panel.
  • the backlight source includes an optical waveguide element, the optical waveguide element includes a light exit surface and an array of transflective elements, the transflective element array includes a plurality of transflective elements, and the backlight source further includes a light source part, and the light source part is configured so that the light emitted by the light source part is configured to emit light when entering the light source.
  • the waveguide element After the waveguide element, multiple total reflections occur at least at the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element and sequentially propagate to a plurality of transflective elements of the transflective element array, and part of the light propagating to each transflective element of the transflective element array is reflected
  • the element reflects the light emitting surface of the optical waveguide element and passes through the display panel, and another part of the light transmitted to each transflective element of the transflective element array passes through the transflective element and continues to propagate in the optical waveguide element.
  • the brightness of the light can be uniform, and the thickness of the backlight source and the space occupied in the display device can be reduced to improve the display effect and portability of the display device.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a display device provided according to an example of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device includes a display panel 10 and a backlight 20 .
  • the display panel 10 includes a display surface 10 - 01 and a back side 10 - 02 opposite to the display surface 10 - 01 , and the backlight source 20 is located on the back side 10 - 02 of the display panel 10 .
  • the light emitted from the backlight source 20 passes through the display panel 10 and then goes toward the viewing area 30 .
  • the side of the display panel 10 facing the backlight source 20 is the non-display side
  • the side of the display panel 10 away from the backlight source 20 is the display side
  • the viewing area 30 is located on the display side of the display panel 10, and the display side can be viewed by the user. Display the side of the image.
  • the viewing area 30 and the backlight source 20 are located on both sides of the display panel 10 .
  • the light out-coupling member includes a transflective element.
  • the array of light out-couplers includes an array of transflective elements.
  • the group of light out-coupling elements includes a group of transflective elements.
  • the light out-coupling element can also be a grating (eg, a transmissive grating or a reflective grating) or a scattering dot structure.
  • transflective elements include optical films with transmissive and reflective functions that transmit part of the light and reflect part of the light.
  • the light coupling-out member includes a transflective element as an example for explanation, but it should not be regarded as a limitation of the present disclosure.
  • the backlight 20 includes a light source part 100 and an optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the optical waveguide element 200 includes a light exit area and a transflective element array 220
  • the transflective element array 220 includes a plurality of transflective elements 221 .
  • light incident on the optical waveguide element 200 undergoes multiple total reflections at least at the light exit surface 211 of the optical waveguide element 200 after entering the optical waveguide element 200 and propagates to the multiple transflective elements 221 of the transflective element array 220 in sequence.
  • the light source part 100 is configured such that after entering the optical waveguide element 200 , the light emitted from the light source is totally reflected for multiple times at least at the light exit surface 211 of the optical waveguide element 200 and then propagates to a plurality of transflective elements in the transflective element array 220 in sequence.
  • Element 221 a part of the light transmitted to each transflective element 221 of the transflective element array 220 is reflected by the transflective element 221 out of the light-emitting area of the optical waveguide element 200, and then passes through the display panel 10 and propagates to at least some of the transflective elements.
  • Another part of the light from the transflective element 221 continues to propagate in the optical waveguide element 200 after passing through the transflective element 221 .
  • the light emitting area of the optical waveguide element 200 includes the light emitting surface 211 .
  • the light exit surface 211 may be at least one of a plane or a curved surface.
  • the light exit surface 211 may include gratings or scattering dots distributed thereon.
  • the light emitting area includes the light emitting surface 211 as an example for explanation, which should not be regarded as a limitation of the present disclosure.
  • the brightness of the light emitted can be uniform, and the thickness of the backlight source and the space occupied in the display device can be reduced, so as to improve the display effect and portability of the display device.
  • the optical waveguide element 200 further includes a waveguide medium 210 .
  • the light emitted by the light source part 100 enters the waveguide medium 210 and propagates through total reflection in the waveguide medium 210 , and propagates to each transflective element of the transflective element array 220 .
  • a part of the light from 221 is reflected out of the optical waveguide element 200 by the transflective element 221 , and the other part is transmitted through the transflective element 221 and continues to propagate through total reflection.
  • the transflective element array 220 includes a plurality of transflective elements 221 , and the light transmitted to each transflective element 221 is transmitted and reflected on the transflective element 221 .
  • a part of the light incident on the surface of the transflective element 221 is reflected out of the optical waveguide element 200 by the transflective element 221, while the other part of the light is transmitted through the transflective element 221 and then continues to be totally reflected and propagated to the next transflective element 221,
  • transmission and reflection occur on the next transflective element 221, and the transmitted light will continue to be totally reflected and propagated to one transflective element 221 farthest from the light source part 100 (for example, the light passes through the transmission of multiple transflective elements in sequence until it is farthest from the light source part. a transflective element).
  • the light propagating to the last optical coupling-out member eg, a transflective element
  • the last optical coupling-out member e.g, a transflective element
  • the display panel For example, light is converted into image light after passing through the display panel.
  • the light emitting surface 211 of the optical waveguide element 200 and the display surface 10 - 01 of the display panel 10 are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the display surface 10 - 01 , and the light source part 100 is located on the side of the optical waveguide element 200 . side.
  • the optical waveguide element is located below the display panel and the light source part is located at the side of the optical waveguide element as an example, but it is not limited to this.
  • the display panel 10 includes a display surface for displaying images, and the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element 200 is located on the side of the display panel 10 away from the display surface thereof, for example, below the display panel 10, rather than the side of the display panel 10;
  • the light source part 100 is located at the side of the optical waveguide element 200 , for example, the backlight 20 is an edge-lit backlight.
  • the light source section 100 is configured to output collimated light.
  • the light source part 100 includes a light source and a collimating element, and the collimating element is configured to convert the light with a certain divergence angle emitted by the light source into the collimated light.
  • the "collimated light” here refers to parallel or nearly parallel light.
  • the collimated light output from the light source part 100 can make as much light as possible meet the condition of total reflection and be utilized.
  • the light source may be a monochromatic light source or a mixed color light source, such as a red monochromatic light source, a green monochromatic light source, a blue monochromatic light source or a white mixed color light source, the monochromatic light source can finally form a monochromatic image, and the mixed color light source can form Color image.
  • the light source may be a laser light source or a light emitting diode (LED) light source.
  • the light source part may include one light source or a plurality of light sources.
  • the above-mentioned collimating element may comprise a convex lens, a concave lens or a Fresnel lens, or any combination of the above-mentioned lenses.
  • the above-mentioned collimating element may comprise a convex lens
  • the light source may be disposed near the focal point of the convex lens, whereby the divergent light emitted from the light source may be converted into parallel or nearly parallel collimated light rays after passing through the lens.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a backlight source according to the example shown in FIG. 1A .
  • the light emitted by the light source included in the light source part 100 may be a one-dimensional light beam, for example, a light beam extending mainly in a one-dimensional direction.
  • the light source part 100 may include a strip light strip light source, and the cross section of the light beam emitted by the light source is approximately a one-dimensional line shape, or may be a narrow strip shape.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of another backlight source according to the example shown in FIG. 1A .
  • the transflective elements 221 in the plurality of transflective element arrays 220 included in the transflective element array 220 are sequentially arranged along the first direction and extend along the second direction intersecting with the first direction.
  • the number of transflective elements 221 may be 2 or more.
  • the first direction may be the X direction
  • the second direction may be the Z direction, but not limited thereto, the first direction and the second direction may be interchanged.
  • the light source of the light source part 100 may include a plurality of sub-light sources 101 arranged along the second direction, and the plurality of sub-light sources 101 are configured to emit light entering at least part of the transflective element 221 .
  • the sub-light source 101 may be a point light source
  • the light source part 100 may be a combination of multiple point light sources
  • the multiple sub-light sources 101 are arranged in a line shape along the second direction.
  • arranging a plurality of individual sub-light sources can facilitate the replacement and disassembly of each sub-light source. For example, when any sub-light source is damaged, it can be repaired by disassembling and replacing it separately, without the need for strip-mounted light strips. The entire replacement can save costs.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic plan view of another backlight source according to the example shown in FIG. 1A .
  • the transflective element array 200 includes a plurality of transflective elements 220 extending along the second direction
  • the light source part 100 includes a plurality of beam expanders 102 arranged along the second direction and a plurality of beam expanders 102 located in the On one side of the sub-light source 101 in the second direction, the plurality of beam expanders 102 are configured to expand the light beam emitted by the sub-light source 101 along the second direction, and the beam-expanded light is configured to be transmitted to the transflective element array 220.
  • the light source included in the light source part 100 may be a single point light source 101 that emits a single point light beam.
  • the point light source can be a laser light source.
  • the beam cross section of the light source is very small and the light energy is highly concentrated. Therefore, the beam emitted by the point light source can be expanded in one-dimensional direction, and the expanded light can pass through the waveguide medium and The array of transflective elements is transformed into a surface light source.
  • the light emitted by the point light source 101 first passes through a plurality of beam expanders 102 to expand and expand in the second direction, and then is transmitted to the transflective element array 220 along the first direction.
  • the light emitted by the point light source 101 when extended and propagated, it can propagate along any one or more propagation modes among the reflection path, the total reflection path and the straight path.
  • the beam expander 102 may be a grating, or may also be another array of transflective elements, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light source can use an edge-type manner to guide light into the optical waveguide element, which can avoid further increasing the thickness of the backlight source.
  • a light source that emits a one-dimensional light beam for example, a light strip or a plurality of linearly arranged point light sources
  • High brightness can be provided for the backlight source, and the solution is simple and easy to implement.
  • FIG. 4B is a schematic structural diagram of another backlight source.
  • the difference between the backlight shown in FIG. 4B and the backlight shown in FIG. 4A is that the beam expander is located in the optical waveguide element.
  • the optical waveguide element 200 further includes an optical coupling part 230 located on the side of the transflective element array 220 facing the light source part 100 , and is configured so that the light entering the optical waveguide element 200 satisfies the total reflection condition, so that the Total reflection propagates in the waveguide medium 210 .
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the optical waveguide element including the optical coupling portion.
  • the optical waveguide element may not include the optical coupling portion.
  • the refractive index of the waveguide medium is n1
  • the refractive index of the optically sparser medium (such as air) other than the waveguide medium is n2
  • the incident angle of the light entering the waveguide medium or the incident angle after passing through the light coupling part is not less than the total reflection critical angle arcsin(n2/n1), the ray satisfies the condition of total reflection.
  • the light coupling part 230 in the embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one of a surface grating, a volume grating, a blazed grating, a prism and a reflective structure, and the light emitted by the light source enters the light source through at least one of reflection, refraction and diffraction effects.
  • the waveguide medium makes it meet the condition of total internal reflection and then conduct.
  • the optical waveguide element 200 includes two first and second main surfaces 211 and 212 opposite to each other, and the light coupling part 230 may be disposed on the first and second main surfaces 211 and 212 , It can also be provided on the side connecting the two main surfaces.
  • the two main surfaces of the optical waveguide element may also be referred to as the two main surfaces of the waveguide medium.
  • an array of transflective elements is located between the first major surface and the second major surface.
  • the light rays propagate on the first main surface and/or the second main surface at least by total reflection, and there may also be partial non-total reflection, such as specular reflection.
  • the optical waveguide element includes a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements are overlapped and arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first main surface
  • the upper surface of the uppermost sub-optical waveguide element is the first main surface
  • the uppermost sub-optical waveguide element is the first main surface
  • the lower surface of the sub-optical waveguide element on the lower side is the second main surface.
  • the optical waveguide element includes a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements are arranged in a direction parallel to the display surface.
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements are arranged to overlap in a direction perpendicular to the display panel, and partially overlap in a direction parallel to the display surface.
  • the first main surface 211 and the second main surface 212 include an upper surface 211 close to the display panel 10 and a lower surface 212 away from the display panel 10 , and the light coupling part 230 may be disposed on the upper surface 211 or the lower surface 212 and located at
  • the transflective element array 220 faces the side of the light source part 100 .
  • the first direction (X direction) and the second direction (Z direction) are parallel to the above-mentioned main surface.
  • the waveguide medium 210 is made of a material that can realize a waveguide function, and is generally a transparent material with a refractive index greater than 1.
  • the material of the waveguide medium 210 may include one or more of silicon dioxide, lithium niobate, silicon-on-insulator (SOI, Silicon-on-insulator), high molecular polymers, III-V semiconductor compounds and glass, etc. kind.
  • the waveguide medium 210 may be a flat substrate, a strip substrate, a ridge substrate, or the like.
  • a planar substrate is used as the waveguide medium to form a uniform surface light source.
  • the transflective element array 220 includes a plurality of transflective elements 221 arranged along the propagation direction of total light reflection.
  • the direction for example, the first direction shown in FIG. 1A (for example, the X direction), the light entering the optical waveguide element 200 undergoes total internal reflection on the two main surfaces of the waveguide medium 210, so that the light as a whole propagates along the X direction to the transparent direction.
  • Anti-element array 220 for example, the first direction shown in FIG. 1A (for example, the X direction)
  • the transflective element 221 is configured to transmit light while reflecting light. For example, when the light transmitted by total reflection in the waveguide medium 210 is transmitted to the transflective element 221, the light is reflected at the transflective element 221, and the angle of the reflected light no longer meets the condition of total reflection, and then exits; the transmitted light is Continue to propagate along the total reflection path, continue to transmit to the next transflective element 221, continue to reflect and transmit, the light reflected by the next transflective element 221 exits from the optical waveguide element 200, passes through the next transflective element 221 The transmitted light continues to propagate along the total reflection path; and so on, until it is transmitted to the last transflective element 221 .
  • the transflective element 221 may be disposed in the waveguide medium 210 by means of plating or cladding.
  • the waveguide medium 210 can be divided into a plurality of parallelogram columns, and transflective elements 221 are arranged between the spliced columns.
  • the medium between adjacent transflective elements 221 can be the waveguide medium 210 .
  • the waveguide medium 210 includes a plurality of waveguide sub-mediums arranged along the first direction and attached to each other, a transflective element 221 is sandwiched between adjacent waveguide sub-mediums, and each waveguide sub-medium is configured to cause total internal reflection of light,
  • the transflective element is configured to couple a portion of the light out of the optical waveguide element by reflection that destroys total reflection conditions for that portion of the light.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is described by taking the example that the plurality of transflective elements 221 in the transflective element array 220 are all parallel to each other, for example, the light emitted from the transflective element array is parallel light.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this, and the plurality of transflective elements in the transflective element array may not be parallel.
  • the angle between the plurality of transflective elements the light emitted from the transflective element array can be adjusted to Convergence or Divergence.
  • the included angle between each transflective element 221 and the light emitting surface 211 is the first included angle
  • the sum of the first included angle and the critical angle of total light reflection is in the range of 60° ⁇ 120°.
  • the above-mentioned critical angle of total reflection may be the critical angle of total reflection when light propagates in the optical waveguide element.
  • the above-mentioned critical angle of total reflection may be the critical angle at which the light rays are totally reflected on the light exit surface 211 .
  • the sum of the first included angle and the total reflection critical angle is in the range of 70° ⁇ 120°.
  • the sum of the first included angle and the total reflection critical angle is in the range of 80° ⁇ 100°.
  • the sum of the first included angle and the total reflection critical angle is in the range of 85° ⁇ 95°.
  • the light can only be A reflection occurs in each transflective element, for example, the transmission and reflection of light parallel or nearly parallel to the transflective element can be avoided, the uniformity of the light can be improved, and the generation of stray light can be reduced or avoided.
  • the included angle between each transflective element 221 and the first main surface 211 is the first included angle
  • the included angle between the light propagating through total reflection in the waveguide medium 210 and the first main surface 211 and the second main surface 212 is
  • the difference between the first included angle and the second included angle is not more than 10 degrees.
  • the difference between the first included angle and the second included angle is not more than 5 degrees.
  • the first included angle and the second included angle are equal.
  • it can be considered that the light propagating through total reflection in the waveguide medium 210 is parallel to the transflective element 221.
  • the light can be made only in each transflective element. Once reflection occurs, such as avoiding the transmission and reflection of light parallel to the transflective element, the uniformity of light can be improved, and the generation of stray light can be reduced or avoided.
  • first included angle and second included angle may both be acute angles.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of another display device.
  • the reflection device 600 is provided on the side of the optical waveguide element 200 away from the display panel 10 .
  • the angle between the transflective element 221 and the light propagating through total reflection can be Without limitation, it may not be parallel, for example, greater than 10 degrees.
  • the above-mentioned reflecting device may be a reflecting layer or other structures capable of reflecting.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that the orthographic projections of adjacent transflective elements 221 on the main surface are connected to each other, which can avoid the occurrence of darkness between the two transflective elements without light. area.
  • the orthographic projections of adjacent transflective elements on the main surface may partially overlap, which can avoid the weakening of light at the edges of the transflective elements, and the overlapping of the transflective elements can make the light output more uniform.
  • the plurality of transflective elements 221 are uniformly arranged and the reflectivity gradually increases.
  • the reflectance of the transflective element 221 that is closer to the light source unit 100 is smaller.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective elements arranged in sequence along the extending direction of the light exit surface in the transflective element array gradually increases (eg, increases one by one) in the propagation direction of the light, or increases regionally.
  • the arrangement density of the transflective elements sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the light exit surface gradually increases or increases regionally.
  • the regional increase may be two or more regions in which the reflectivity of the transflective element is different and gradually increases.
  • the above-mentioned uniform arrangement may refer to either an arrangement in which adjacent transflective elements are arranged with orthographic projections adjoining each other, or an arrangement in which adjacent transflective elements are arranged with orthographic projections partially overlapping. Since the light will gradually reflect out of the waveguide medium during the propagation process, the light intensity will gradually attenuate. By increasing, the intensity of the light reflected by each transflective element can be relatively uniform, and the light output from each part of the waveguide medium 210 can be relatively uniform.
  • the arrangement density of the plurality of transflective elements gradually increases.
  • the arrangement density of the partially transflective elements that are closer to the light source portion is smaller.
  • the position with a low arrangement density may be that the adjacent transflective elements are arranged so that the orthographic projections are adjacent to each other, and the position of the above-mentioned arrangement density may be that the adjacent transflective elements are arranged so that the orthographic projections partially overlap.
  • the position with a low arrangement density may be that adjacent transflective elements are set to overlap each other with orthographic projection, and the overlapping part is small, and the position with a large arrangement density can be set to the orthographic projection of adjacent transflective elements.
  • the transflective properties of the transflective elements can also be set to be the same or almost the same, and the intensity of the light reflected by the transflective elements can be made uniform by adjusting the arrangement density of the transflective elements.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of another backlight source according to the example shown in FIG. 1A .
  • the difference between the backlight shown in FIG. 5 and the backlight shown in FIG. 3 is that the reflectance of the transflective elements in the transflective element array varies.
  • the transflective element array 220 includes at least two regions, such as region 01 and region 02 , and the average reflectivity of the transflective element 221 in one region 01 of the at least two regions is greater than that of the other regions Average reflectance of transflective elements 221 within (eg, area 02).
  • the average reflectivity of the transflective elements in the above area 01 is greater than the average reflectivity of the transflective elements in other areas, so that the light intensity in the area 01 is stronger than that in other areas.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to adjusting the transflective in the area.
  • the average reflectivity of the element can adjust the light intensity of the outgoing light in the area, and the intensity of the outgoing light in the area can also be adjusted in other ways.
  • the area 01 may include at least one transflective element 221
  • the other area 02 may include a plurality of transflective elements 221
  • the average reflectivity of the plurality of transflective elements 221 in the other areas is small so that the optical waveguide element can emit light.
  • the brightness of the light is uneven, and the optical waveguide element is suitable for application scenarios with uneven display, such as billboards and displays that display content in a specific area.
  • area 01 may be located in the middle area, and other areas 02 may surround area 01.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, for example, the reflectivity of the plurality of transflective elements 221 included in the area 01 gradually increases (eg, increases one by one), while the reflectivity of the plurality of transflective elements 221 in other areas may be uniform. The same to make the brightness of the light emitted from the optical waveguide element non-uniform.
  • the transflective element 221 can transmit and reflect light without wavelength selectivity and polarization selectivity.
  • the thickness of each layer is about 10nm-1000nm, and the overall transmission and reflection properties of the inorganic dielectric layer can be adjusted by changing the layer material and/or the layer stacking method.
  • the wavelength properties and polarization properties of the light incident on the transflective element 221 are almost unchanged after being transmitted and reflected by the transflective element 221 .
  • At least one transflective element 221 in the transflective element array 220 includes a selective transmission film
  • the light entering the optical waveguide element 200 includes a first polarized light and a second polarized light
  • the selective transmission film is configured to reflect the first polarized light.
  • the reflectivity of the second polarized light is greater than that of the second polarized light
  • the transmittance of the second polarized light is greater than that of the first polarized light, so that the transflective element can gradually reflect the first polarized light out of the optical waveguide element.
  • the above-mentioned light entering the optical waveguide element may be unpolarized light, or may be directly polarized light with two polarization states.
  • the "unpolarized light” here means that the light emitted by the light source can have multiple polarization characteristics at the same time but does not exhibit a unique polarization characteristic. It can be considered that the unpolarized light emitted by the light source unit can be decomposed into light rays of two mutually perpendicular polarization states.
  • the selective transmission film may be a brightness enhancement film (BEF), which has a higher reflectivity for one polarized light and a higher transmittance for the other polarized light (eg, a selective transmission film for S-polarized light)
  • BEF brightness enhancement film
  • the light reflectivity is high, and the transmittance to P polarized light is high)
  • the transflective element can utilize the selectivity of polarization transflectance, so that the light is gradually reflected by the transflective element and out of the optical waveguide element.
  • the output direction may be a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the waveguide medium 210 .
  • FIG. 6 is an example in which the light emitted from the transflective element array is not perpendicular to the main surface of the waveguide medium. As shown in FIG. 6 , when the angle of the light incident on the transflective element is changed, and/or the angle between the transflective element and the main surface is changed, the light emitted from the transflective element array can also interact with the main surface of the waveguide medium. The surface is not vertical.
  • the light emitted from the transflective element array can be perpendicular or non-perpendicular to the main surface of the waveguide medium, and the outgoing directions of the light rays emitted from different transflective elements are parallel or nearly parallel to form a collimated beam.
  • the light output from the light source is converted into the light of the surface light source that is collimated by using an optical waveguide element with a smaller thickness, which can save the thickness of the display device.
  • FIG. 7 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example shown in FIG. 7 is different from the example shown in FIG. 1A in that the number of light source parts and the arrangement of the transflective elements are different, and the positional relationship of adjacent transflective elements can be the same as the example shown in FIG. 1A .
  • the transflective element array 220 includes a first transflective element group 2201 and a second transflective element group 2202 arranged along the first direction, and each transflective element group includes a plurality of transflective element groups arranged along the first direction
  • the transflective elements 221 of different transflective element groups are not parallel.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows that a plurality of transflective elements included in each transflective element group are parallel to each other, and the transflective elements in different transflective element groups are not parallel.
  • the backlight further includes a light source part 100
  • the light source part 100 includes a first light source part 110 and a second light source part 120
  • the first light source part 110 and the second light source part 120 are respectively located in the transflective element array 220
  • the first transflective element group 2201 is configured to reflect light entering the optical waveguide element 200 from the first light source part 110
  • the second transflective element group 2202 is configured to reflect light from the second light source part 120 light entering the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the first transflective element group 2201 is configured to reflect only light entering from the first light source part 110
  • the second transflective element group 2202 is configured to reflect only light entering from the second light source part 120 .
  • the intensity of light emitted from the optical waveguide element can be improved.
  • one of the transflective elements 221 in the first transflective element group 2201 and the transflective elements 221 in the second transflective element group 2202 is related to the first direction (the direction indicated by the arrow of X) The angle between them is an acute angle, and the angle between the other and the first direction is an obtuse angle.
  • the first transflective element group can only reflect the light entering from the first light source part, and the second transflective element group can only reflect light from The light entered by the second light source part.
  • the transflective elements 221 in the first transflective element group 2201 and the transflective elements 221 in the second transflective element group 2202 have different inclination directions.
  • the light source part may also be located between the first transflective element group and the second transflective element group in the extending direction of the light emitting surface.
  • a reflection device may also be provided in the backlight source, and the reflection device may be arranged on the other side away from the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element to reflect the light leaked from the optical waveguide element back to the optical waveguide element, so that as much light as possible Convert it into collimated light and output it to improve light utilization.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the difference between the example shown in FIG. 8 and the example shown in FIG. 1A lies in the number of light source parts and the outgoing direction of light reflected from the light source part by the transflective element.
  • the light source part 100 includes a first light source part 110 and a second light source part 120 , the first light source part 110 and the second light source part 120 are respectively located on both sides of the transflective element array 220 in the first direction.
  • both side surfaces of each transflective element 221 can reflect the light entering from the first light source part 110 or the second light source part 120 , so that both sides of the main surfaces of the optical waveguide element are light emitting surfaces.
  • the reflectivity of the transflective element at and/or near the middle position is greater than that of the transflective element at both sides, so that the light emitted from the optical waveguide element has better uniformity.
  • the backlight in this example can be applied to scenes that require light to be emitted from both sides, such as billboards.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the backlight further includes a light splitting element 300 located between the light source part 100 and the optical waveguide element 200 , and the light splitting element 300 is configured to divide light incident on the light splitting element 300 into a plurality of sub-beams.
  • the spectroscopic element 300 is configured to divide the light emitted from the light source unit 100 to the optical waveguide element 200 into a plurality of sub-beams.
  • the light emitted by the light source unit 100 may be directly output to the light splitting element 300 , or may be output to the light splitting element 300 after passing through other elements.
  • the light splitting element 300 can divide the light emitted by the light source part 100 to the optical waveguide element 200 into two sub-beams or three sub-beams, the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and can also be divided into more sub-beams.
  • the light splitting element 300 may be a prism.
  • the optical waveguide element 200 includes a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements 201 , and a plurality of sub-beams are configured to enter the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements 201 and are arranged in the transflective element array in each sub-optical waveguide element 201 . 221 is reflected out of the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the transflective element array includes a plurality of sub-transflective element arrays respectively located in a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements.
  • a plurality of sub-transflective element arrays are in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements.
  • the number of the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements 201 may be the same as the number of the plurality of sub-beams, and the plurality of sub-beams are configured to enter the corresponding sub-optical waveguide elements one by one.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the number of the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements may also be smaller than the number of the plurality of sub-beams, and at least two sub-beams enter the same sub-optical waveguide element.
  • the thicknesses of the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements 201 are smaller than the thicknesses of the optical waveguide elements in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A ; the light originally transmitted in one optical waveguide element is split into multiple beams and then coupled into multiple optical waveguide elements. With a thinner waveguide element, the light is transmitted in a waveguide element with a smaller thickness, and the number of total reflections will increase, which can make the light distribution more uniform.
  • the uniformity in this embodiment may mean that the light is evenly bright and dark.
  • the light emitted by a light source such as a point light source
  • the straight light is also bright in the middle and dark on both sides, and it is difficult to adjust the brightness of the collimated light; for example, before the light emitted by the light source enters the optical waveguide element or is coupled out from the optical waveguide element, it is
  • the uniformity of light can be used to obtain light and dark uniform surface light source light; for example, increasing the number of total reflections of light can improve the uniformity of light and dark, for example, thinner optical waveguide elements can be set to increase the number of total reflections of light.
  • the uniformity of light output from the backlight can be further improved.
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements may be independent structures, or may be integrated on the same substrate.
  • each sub-optical waveguide element may include a waveguide medium, and the refractive index of the waveguide medium in different sub-optical waveguide elements may be the same or different, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the number and arrangement of the transflective elements included in the transflective element array in each sub-optical waveguide element may be the same or different, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • each sub-optical waveguide element may or may not include an optical coupling portion.
  • the optical coupling parts of different sub-optical waveguide elements may be the same, for example, a geometrical method (for example, non-grating coupling such as prism coupling or reflective structure coupling) can be used.
  • the entry may also be different, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the optical waveguide element 200 includes a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements 201
  • the transflective element array 210 includes a plurality of sub-transflective element arrays respectively located in the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements 201
  • the backlight further includes a light splitting element 300
  • the spectroscopic element 300 is configured to divide the light emitted by the light source part 100 toward the optical waveguide element 200 into a plurality of sub-beams and make the plurality of sub-beams enter into the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements 201 respectively, and enter each of the sub-optical waveguide elements 201
  • Each of the sub-beams is reflected out of the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element 200 by the sub-transflective element array located in each sub-optical waveguide element 201 .
  • the light emitted by the light source unit 100 and directed toward the optical waveguide element 200 includes first characteristic light and second characteristic light with different characteristics
  • the spectroscopic element 300 is configured to perform a ray of light emitted by the light source unit 100 toward the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the first characteristic light obtained by the spectral processing is incident on the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011
  • the second characteristic light obtained by the spectral processing is incident on the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 .
  • the first characteristic light and the second characteristic light are the first polarized light and the second polarized light with different polarization states, respectively; or, the first characteristic light and the second characteristic light are the first color light and the first color light with different wavelength distributions, respectively. Two color lights.
  • light with different wavelength distributions may be considered to have different colors; for example, if the wavelength distributions of the first color light and the second color light are different, the colors may also be different.
  • the light-splitting element includes a polarizing light-splitting element configured to have a greater reflectivity for one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light than for the other; and/or, the polarized light-splitting element is The transmittance of one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is configured to be greater than the transmittance of the other.
  • the reflectivity of the polarizing beam splitting element for the first polarized light is greater than the reflectivity for the second polarized light; and/or the transmittance of the polarizing beam splitting element for the second polarized light is greater than the transmittance for the first polarized light.
  • the reflectivity of the polarizing beam splitting element to the second polarized light is greater than its reflectivity to the first polarized light; and/or, the transmittance of the polarizing beam splitting element to the first polarized light is greater than its reflectivity to the second polarized light transmittance.
  • the polarization beam splitting element is configured to reflect one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light, and transmit the other of the first polarized light and the second polarized light. For example, if one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is reflected and the other is transmitted, it can be considered that only one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is reflected, and only the other is transmitted; for example , the reflectivity of the polarization beam splitting element for the first polarized light is almost 100% and the transmittance for the second polarized light is almost 100%.
  • the reflectivity for one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is high, and the reflectivity for the other is high, for example, the reflectivity of the polarizing beam splitter element for the first polarized light is 50% to 50%. 99%, and the transmittance to the second polarized light is 50% to 99%.
  • the beam splitting element further includes a reflective element configured to reflect one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
  • the plurality of sub-beams include a first polarized beam 1001 and a second polarized beam 1002 with different polarization directions
  • the beam splitting element 300 includes a polarizing beam splitting element 310
  • the polarizing beam splitting element 300 is configured to emit light from the light source unit 100 .
  • the light incident on the optical waveguide element 200 is subjected to polarization splitting processing, so that the plurality of sub-beams include a first polarized beam 1001 and a second polarized beam 1002 with different polarization states, and the second polarized beam 1002 is incident on the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 , and the first polarized light beam 1001 is incident on the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 .
  • the above-mentioned polarizing beam splitting element transmits the second polarized beam and reflects the first polarized beam, and is not limited to only reflecting the second polarized beam and transmitting the first polarized beam.
  • the polarizing beam splitting element has a high transmittance to the second polarized beam.
  • the reflectivity of a polarized light beam is high.
  • the first polarized light beam and the second polarized light beam in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be interchanged.
  • the transflective element of the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 is configured so that the reflectivity of the first polarized light is greater than the reflectivity of the second polarized light
  • the transflective element of the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 The element is configured so that the reflectivity of the second polarized light is greater than the reflectivity of the first polarized light, which can improve the intensity of the light emitted by the backlight source and improve the utilization rate of the light.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the transflective element in each sub-optical waveguide element may also have no polarization selective characteristic.
  • the spectroscopic element 300 further includes a reflection element 320 configured to reflect the first polarized light beam 1001 and propagate the reflected first polarized light beam into the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 .
  • the reflective element may also be configured to reflect the second polarized light beam and propagate the reflected second polarized light beam into the second sub-optical waveguide element.
  • the function of the reflective element is to transmit the split first polarized light beam to the first sub-optical waveguide element, and the reflective element can be replaced by other elements with similar functions.
  • light that propagates to an element/region may directly propagate to the element/region, such as directly propagating to the above-mentioned element/region without passing through other optical elements; or, it may also pass through other optical elements, such as reflective elements, refraction elements After the action of at least one of the element, the scattering element, the diffractive element, and the condensing element, it propagates to the above-mentioned element/region.
  • the transmitted light includes P-polarized light (eg, the second polarized light), and the reflected light includes S-polarized light (eg, the first polarized light) ); or the transmitted light includes S-polarized light (eg, second polarized light), and the reflected light includes P-polarized light (eg, first polarized light), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the polarization beam splitting element 310 may have the function of transmitting light of one characteristic and reflecting light of another characteristic, for example, the polarization beam splitting element 310 may have the characteristic of transmitting light of one polarization state and reflecting light of another polarization state , the polarization beam splitting element 310 can realize beam splitting by utilizing the above-mentioned transflective characteristics.
  • the polarized light splitting element 310 can be a transflective film, which realizes the beam splitting effect by transmitting part of the light and reflecting another part of the light.
  • the transflective film may transmit the second polarized light in the light emitted by the light source part 100 and reflect the first polarized light in the light emitted by the light source part 100 .
  • the transflective film can be an optical film with a polarized transflective function, for example, an optical film that can split unpolarized light into two different polarized lights through transmission and reflection, for example, can split light into each other
  • the optical film of two vertical polarized lights can be composed of multiple layers with different refractive indices according to a certain stacking sequence, and the thickness of each film layer is about 10-1000nm
  • Materials can be selected from inorganic dielectric materials, such as metal oxides and metal nitrides; and polymer materials can also be selected, such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.
  • the transmitted P-polarized light enters the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 through the second optical coupling part 232 in the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012
  • the reflected S-polarized light is reflected by the reflective element 320 and then enters the first sub-light
  • the first optical coupling part 231 in the waveguide element 2011 enters the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 .
  • the S-polarized light and the P-polarized light are output in the state of collimated light through the transflective element arrays in their respective waveguide elements, which can realize the effect of converting an ordinary light source into a uniform surface light source.
  • a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements are arranged to overlap in a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel, thereby improving the brightness of the backlight and improving the uniformity of light.
  • the above-mentioned overlapping arrangement includes complete overlapping arrangement and partial overlapping arrangement.
  • the orthographic projections of a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements on a plane parallel to the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element may completely overlap or partially overlap. The example does not limit this.
  • FIG. 9 schematically shows that the first sub-optical waveguide element and the second sub-optical waveguide element are completely overlapped.
  • the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 overlap in a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel, for example, the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012
  • the elements 2012 overlap in the Y direction, and the light emitted from the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 passes through the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and then goes toward the display panel.
  • FIG. 9 the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 overlap in a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel, for example, the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012
  • the elements 2012 overlap in the Y direction, and the light emitted from the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 passes through the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and then goes toward the display panel.
  • the light emitted from the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 may pass through the transflective element array in the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 , or may not pass through the transflective element in the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011
  • the element array is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the transflective element array in the first sub-optical waveguide element has a higher transmittance to the transmitted light.
  • the angle between the first polarized light beam 1001 transmitted to the transflective element of the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and the transflective element is the third angle, and transmitted to the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012
  • the included angle between the second polarized light beam 1002 of the transflective element and the transflective element is the fourth included angle, and the difference between the third included angle and the fourth included angle is not greater than 5 degrees.
  • Both the third angle and the fourth angle may refer to the angle between the light incident on the surface of the transflective element and the transmitted light and the transflective element.
  • the angle of the polarized light entering the sub-optical waveguide element can be adjusted according to the inclination angle of the transflective element in each sub-optical waveguide element. For example, setting the included angles between different sub-optical waveguide elements and the corresponding polarized light to be the same can also facilitate the fabrication of the sub-optical waveguide elements and the adjustment of the angle of incident light.
  • the total reflection propagation direction of the first polarized light beam 1001 entering the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 is the same as the total reflection propagation direction of the second polarized light beam 1002 entering the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012
  • the included angle between the transflective element in the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and the transflective element in the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 may be no greater than 5 degrees, for example, the transflective element in the two sub-optical waveguide elements parallel to facilitate the fabrication of optical waveguide components.
  • the included angle between the transflective element in the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and the transflective element in the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 and the first direction may be both acute angles, or both may be acute angles. is an obtuse angle.
  • the transflective elements in the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and the transflective elements in the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 have the same inclination directions.
  • the inclined direction here may refer to the inclined direction of the transflective element relative to the light-emitting surface. But not limited to this, the inclined direction here may also refer to a left or right inclined direction with respect to the Y direction.
  • the direction indicated by the arrow in the X direction shown in FIG. 9 is the first direction (for example, when the above-mentioned included angle with the direction is involved, the first direction can be regarded as a vector) and enters the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011.
  • the total reflection propagation direction of a polarized light beam 1001 is the same as the total reflection propagation direction of the second polarized light beam 1002 entering the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example shown in FIG. 10 is different from the example shown in FIG. 9 in that the positional relationship of the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements is different.
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements are arranged in the first direction.
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements do not overlap in the direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel, which can not only reduce the thickness of the backlight, but also reduce the length of the sub-optical waveguide elements by setting the length of each sub-optical waveguide element to be smaller.
  • the degree to which the edge light intensity is weakened can be weakened.
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements do not overlap in the direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel, and may be just adjacent to each other, or may have a certain distance, as shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements may include a first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and a second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 arranged along the first direction, and the second polarized light beam 1002 transmitted by the polarization splitting element 310 passes through the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012
  • the second optical coupling-in part 232 in the first sub-optical waveguide element 2012 enters the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012
  • the reflected first polarized light beam 1001 passes through the first optical coupling-in part 231 in the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and enters the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 without being reflected by the reflective element.
  • the first polarized light beam 1001 and the second polarized light beam 1002 pass through the transflective element arrays in the respective sub-waveguide elements, and are output in the state of collimated light, which can realize the effect of converting an ordinary light source into a uniform surface light source.
  • the propagation direction of total reflection of light in the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 is opposite to the propagation direction of total reflection of light in the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012, then the transflective element in the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 is the same as the second sub-optical waveguide element 2011.
  • the transflective elements in the optical waveguide element 2012 are not parallel, for example, the angle between one of them and the first direction is an acute angle, and the angle between the other and the first direction is an obtuse angle, so as to realize the outcoupling of light by the transflective element .
  • the transflective elements in the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and the transflective elements in the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 have different tilt directions.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the spectroscopic element 300 is configured to divide the light beams emitted by the light source unit 100 toward the optical waveguide element into a plurality of light beams with different wavelengths.
  • the light-splitting element 300 may include a light-splitting prism, a light-splitting grating, or the like, which may serve as elements for separating light of different wavelengths.
  • the plurality of sub-beams include first color light 1003 and second color light 1004 with different wavelengths
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements 201 include a first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and a second sub-optical waveguide element 2012
  • the first color light 1003 is configured to enter the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011, and is reflected out of the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 by the transflective element array located in the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011, and the second color light 1004 is reflected from the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011. It is configured to enter the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 and be reflected out of the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 by the transflective element array located in the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 .
  • the transflective element of the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 is configured so that the reflectivity for the first color light 1003 is greater than the reflectivity for the second color light 1004, and the transflective element of the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 is configured as The reflectivity for the second color light 1004 is greater than the reflectivity for the first color light 1003 .
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the utilization rate of light incident into the corresponding sub-optical waveguide elements by adjusting the reflectivity and transmittance of the transflective elements in different sub-optical waveguide elements.
  • the first color light 1003 may be red light or green light
  • the second color light 1004 may be blue light.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the first color light and the second color light may be interchanged.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the plurality of sub-beams further includes a third color light 1005 configured to enter one of the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 and the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 .
  • the first color light 1003 and the third color light 1005 enter the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011
  • the second color light 1004 enters the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 .
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the third color light may also enter the same sub-optical waveguide element with the second color light.
  • the fabrication cost of the optical waveguide element can be reduced, and the thickness of the backlight source can also be reduced.
  • the first color light 1003 and the third color light 1005 may be red light and green light, respectively, and the second color light 1004 may be blue light.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, the first color light and the third color light may also be green light and blue light, respectively, and the second color light is red light.
  • two colors of light with similar wavelengths enter the same sub-optical waveguide element, which can facilitate the adjustment of the transflective element array in the sub-optical waveguide element, and can also reduce costs.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example shown in FIG. 13 is different from the example shown in FIG. 12 in that a plurality of light rays of different colors are arranged to enter a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements one by one.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example shown in FIG. 13 is different from the example shown in FIG. 12 in that a plurality of light rays of different colors are arranged to enter a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements one by one.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight source in another example according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example shown in FIG. 13 is different from the example shown in FIG. 12 in that a plurality of light rays of different colors are arranged to enter a plurality of sub-optical waveguide
  • the plurality of sub-beams further includes a third color light 1005
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements 201 further includes a third sub-optical waveguide element 2013
  • the third color light 1005 is configured to enter the third sub-optical waveguide element 2013 , and is reflected out of the third sub-optical waveguide element 2013 by the transflective element array located in the third sub-optical waveguide element 2013 .
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure can further improve the utilization rate of light by entering light of different colors into different sub-optical waveguide elements one by one.
  • the transflective element of the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 is configured such that the reflectivity for the first color light 1003 is greater than the reflectivity for the second color light 1004 and the third color light 1005
  • the second The transflective element of the sub-optical waveguide element 2012 is configured such that the reflectivity for the second color light 1004 is greater than the reflectivity for the first color light 1003 and the third color light 1005,
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the utilization rate of light incident into the corresponding sub-optical waveguide elements by adjusting the reflectivity and transmittance of the transflective elements in different sub-optical waveguide elements.
  • the refractive index of the waveguide medium of the first sub-optical waveguide element 2011 , the refractive index of the waveguide medium of the second sub-optical waveguide element 2012 , and the refractive index of the waveguide medium of the third sub-optical waveguide element 2013 may be are different, and each is set to accommodate the refractive index of the light entering the corresponding sub-optical waveguide element.
  • the first color light 1003, the second color light 1004 and the third color light 1005 are blue light, red light and green light respectively.
  • the medium has different refractive indices for various light rays.
  • the total reflection angles of the three wavelengths of light are different (for example, the total reflection critical angle of red light is greater than the total reflection critical angle of blue light).
  • the angle of the transflective element should also be considered. Therefore, the efficiency is low; if the total reflection angles of the three kinds of light are to be close, it is necessary to control the medium to have different refractive indices.
  • various light rays can be separated, and each sub-optical waveguide element can select a medium and a corresponding transflective element that can transmit the corresponding light rays as much as possible to satisfy the condition of total reflection, which can improve the utilization rate of light.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to that the sub-beams are sub-rays with different polarization directions or wavelengths.
  • Each sub-beam in the plurality of sub-beams may also be sub-rays with the same properties.
  • the spectroscopic element is only configured to An emitted light beam is divided into a plurality of sub-beams with the same properties, and the plurality of sub-beams are configured to enter the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements one by one.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure can improve the light output by dividing a beam of light emitted by the light source part into multiple beams of light and entering different sub-optical waveguide elements respectively. It can also improve the uniformity of the out-coupled light.
  • the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements may or may not overlap in the direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel.
  • the optical waveguide element includes a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements, and the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements are arranged in a direction parallel to the display surface of the display panel or in a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel.
  • a plurality of transflective elements are uniformly arranged and the reflectivity gradually increases.
  • the optical waveguide element includes a plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements, and the plurality of sub-optical waveguide elements are arranged in a direction parallel to the display surface of the display panel or in a direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display panel.
  • the arrangement density of the plurality of transflective elements gradually increases.
  • the inventor of the present application also found that two polarizers with different light transmission directions are arranged on both sides of the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the light can be incident inside the liquid crystal display panel through the polarizer between the liquid crystal layer and the backlight, and be used for imaging.
  • the light emitted by the backlight is non-polarized light
  • only 50% of the light emitted by the backlight can be utilized by the liquid crystal layer at most, and the rest of the light will be wasted or absorbed by the liquid crystal layer, resulting in low light utilization. question.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a backlight provided according to an example of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the backlight source in this embodiment can also be called a light source device, which can be applied to the display device together with the display panel, or can be used alone, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light source device in this embodiment may be disposed on the back side of the transmissive display panel, or may be disposed on the display side of the reflective display panel to provide light for the display panel.
  • the light source device in this embodiment (for example, a backlight source ), which can be applied to any display device that requires a light source.
  • the light source device includes: a light source part 100, the light emitted by the light source part 100 includes a first polarized light 100-1 and a second polarized light 100-2 with different polarization states; an optical waveguide element 200, including an optical coupling Section 240.
  • the light source part 100 is configured so that the light emitted by it enters the optical waveguide element 200 and propagates reflectively in the optical waveguide element 200
  • the light coupling out part 240 is configured to couple out the light propagating reflectively in the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • reflective propagation includes at least one of total reflective propagation and specular propagation.
  • the optical out-coupling part 240 includes a first optical out-coupling part 241 and a second optical out-coupling part 242 , and the first optical out-coupling part 241 is configured to couple out the first polarized light 100 - 1 entering the optical waveguide element 200
  • the light source device further includes a polarization conversion structure 400, and the polarization conversion structure 400 is configured to convert the second polarized light 100-2 after entering the optical waveguide element 200 into the first polarized light 100-1.
  • the second light coupling out part 242 is configured to: after the polarization conversion structure 400 converts the second polarized light 100 - 2 entering the optical waveguide element 200 into the first polarized light 100 - 1 , convert the converted first polarized light 100 to the first polarized light 100 - 1 . -1 out-coupling; or the second optical out-coupling part 242 is configured to: couple out the second polarized light 100-2 entering the optical waveguide element 200 to the polarization conversion structure 400, so that the out-coupled second polarized light 100 -2 is converted to the first polarized light 100-1 by the polarization conversion structure 400.
  • the backlight includes a light source unit 100 and an optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the light emitted by the light source part 100 includes a first polarized light 100-1 and a second polarized light 100-2 with different polarization states.
  • the optical waveguide element 200 includes a waveguide medium 210 and an optical coupling-out part 240 .
  • the light emitted by the light source part 100 is configured to enter the waveguide medium 210 and propagate through total reflection in the waveguide medium 210
  • the optical coupling-out part 240 is configured to transmit light in the waveguide medium 210 .
  • the light propagating through total reflection is coupled out to the predetermined area 40 .
  • the first polarized beam 1001 and the second polarized beam 1002 , and the first polarized beam 1001 and the second polarized beam 1002 can be obtained respectively after the polarized light of different polarization states emitted by the light source part 100 passes through the light splitting structure. different polarization states.
  • the first optical out-coupling part 241 is configured to out-couple the first polarized light beam 1001 entering the optical waveguide element 200 to the predetermined area 40 .
  • the backlight further includes a polarization conversion structure 400, and the polarization conversion structure 400 is configured to convert the second polarized light beam 1002 after entering the optical waveguide element 200 into a first polarized light beam 1001'.
  • the second light out-coupling part 242 is configured to couple out the converted first polarized light beam 1001 ′ to the predetermined region 40 , or to couple out the second polarized light beam 1002 to the polarization conversion structure 400 to convert the second polarized light beam 1002 into The first polarized light beam 1001 ′ is then directed to the predetermined area 40 .
  • the polarization conversion structure arranged in the backlight can convert the unpolarized light emitted from the light source into polarized light with a specific polarization state, and the polarized light can be utilized by the liquid crystal layer through the polarizer between the liquid crystal layer and the backlight to improve the utilization of light.
  • the second polarized light beam 1002 coupled out from the second light coupling out part 242 is converted into the first polarized light beam 1001 ′ after passing through the polarization conversion structure 400 , and the converted first polarized light beam 1001 ′
  • the first polarized light beam 1001 coupled out from the first light coupling part 241 is emitted to the predetermined area 40 together.
  • the above-mentioned predetermined area 40 may refer to a certain area between the backlight source and the display panel, but it is not limited thereto, and the predetermined area may be any area located on the light-emitting side of the backlight source.
  • the light source part 100 in this embodiment may have the same features as the light source part 100 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 13 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the waveguide medium 210 in this embodiment may have the same features as the waveguide medium 210 in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1A to 13 , and details are not described herein again.
  • an optical coupling part may be provided, or an optical coupling part may not be provided.
  • the optical coupling part provided in this embodiment may have the same or similar features as the optical coupling part provided in the embodiments shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 13 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the light emitted by the light source part 100 may be unpolarized light, and the unpolarized light includes a first polarized light beam 1001 and a second polarized light beam 1002 with different polarization directions.
  • the first polarized light beam 1001 and the second polarized light beam 1002 may be two kinds of linearly polarized light with perpendicular polarization directions, such as S-polarized light and P-polarized light.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the first polarized light and the second polarized light may also be two kinds of circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light with opposite rotation directions.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to the light emitted by the light source part including only two polarization states, and may also include three or more polarization states.
  • the first polarized light beam 1001 emitted from the first light coupling out part 241 does not change its characteristics during the process of being incident on the predetermined area 40 .
  • the converted first polarized light beam 1001' and the first polarized light beam 1001 in the light emitted from the light source unit 100 have the same characteristics, for example, polarized light with the same polarization state.
  • the polarization direction of the second polarized light beam 1002 emitted from the second light coupling out part 242 is changed by the polarization conversion structure 400 during the process of being incident on the predetermined area 40 .
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the total reflection propagation of the light entering the optical waveguide element from the light source part in the optical waveguide element.
  • the light emitted by the light source part can also be transmitted in the transflective element in a non-total reflection manner, such as It can be in a straight line.
  • total reflection propagation in the embodiments of the present disclosure may refer to when light (for example, light with a large divergence angle and satisfying the condition of total reflection) is reflected on the interface between the optical waveguide element and the air (or other medium)
  • the reflection angle is not less than the critical angle of total reflection.
  • most of the light rays incident on the optical waveguide element propagate through total reflection.
  • part of the light propagating in the optical waveguide element continues to propagate in the form of total reflection, and another part may not be totally reflected in the optical waveguide element, such as along a straight line, or in the form of non-total reflection (such as specular reflection) in the optical waveguide element reflect and propagate.
  • non-total reflection propagation in the embodiments of the present disclosure may refer to the propagation of light in the optical waveguide element in a way other than total reflection, for example, light may propagate within the optical waveguide element without reflection (eg, in a medium It is not reflected at the interface with air); alternatively, light can also be reflected and propagated in a non-total reflection manner, for example, it may not satisfy the condition of total reflection, such as the waveguide medium of the optical waveguide element and the air (or other medium) The reflection angle when reflection occurs at the interface between the two is less than the critical angle of total reflection, and it can be considered that the light has no or little total reflection propagation in the medium.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a backlight provided according to an example of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the backlight further includes a spectroscopic element 300 configured to perform spectroscopic processing on the light emitted by the light source unit 100 and directed toward the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the light splitting element 300 may be located between the light source part 100 and the optical waveguide element 200 and configured to divide the light emitted from the light source part 100 to the optical waveguide element 200 into a first polarized light beam 1001 and a second polarized light beam 1002 .
  • the light source part 100 emits unpolarized light
  • the beam splitting element 300 includes a polarized beam splitting element 310, and the polarized beam splitting element 310 is configured to reflect one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light, and transmit the first polarized light and the The other of the second polarized lights;
  • the beam splitter element 300 further includes a reflective element 320 configured to reflect one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
  • the polarization splitting element 310 is configured to split the unpolarized light emitted from the light source section 100 toward the optical waveguide element 200 into a first polarized light beam 1001 and a second polarized light beam 1002 before being incident on the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the optical waveguide element 200 includes a first sub-element 2001 and a second sub-element 2002 , and the first sub-element 2001 is provided with a first optical coupling-out portion 241 .
  • the above-mentioned first polarized light beam 1001 is configured to enter the first sub-element 2001 and is coupled out to the predetermined area 40 by the first optical coupling part 241 , for example, the first polarized light beam 1001 output by the first optical coupling part 241 is directly Output, such as collimated output light.
  • the second polarized light beam 1002 described above is configured to enter the second sub-element 2002 .
  • the second sub-element 2002 includes a second light out-coupling part 242
  • the polarization conversion structure 400 is configured to convert the second polarized light out-coupled from the second light out-coupling part 242 into the first polarization Light.
  • the first sub-element 2001 includes a light-emitting surface
  • the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 overlap in a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface
  • the polarization conversion structure 400 is located between the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002;
  • the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 do not overlap in the direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface.
  • the second sub-element 2002 is provided with a second light coupling-out portion 242 , and the polarization conversion structure 400 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the second light coupling-out portion 242 so that the second light coupling-out portion 242 is
  • the coupled out second polarized light beam 1002 is converted into a first polarized light beam 1001'.
  • both the first sub-element and the second sub-element shown in FIG. 15 are provided with an optical outcoupling part, they may have the same structure as the sub-optical waveguide element shown in FIG. 9 , or may have different structures.
  • FIG. 15 schematically shows that the first sub-element and the second sub-element are separate structures, but not limited thereto, the first sub-element and the second sub-element may also be an integrated structure.
  • the first sub-element and the second sub-element may be connected by a connecting portion on a side away from the light source portion, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure, and may be set according to actual needs.
  • the first sub-element and the second sub-element may also be an integrated structure
  • the first sub-element and the second sub-element are the same structure made of the same material through a one-step process, or it may refer to the first sub-element and the second sub-element are connected together by fixing means such as bonding.
  • the first sub-element 2001 includes a light-emitting surface 001
  • the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 overlap in a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface 001 (eg, the Y direction shown in the figure)
  • the polarization conversion structure 400 is located between the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 .
  • the above-mentioned overlapping may include complete overlapping and partial overlapping, for example, the orthographic projections of the first sub-element and the second sub-element on a plane parallel to the light exit surface completely overlap or partially overlap.
  • Figure 15 schematically shows that the first sub-element and the second sub-element fully overlap in the Y direction.
  • the converted first polarized light beam 1001 ′ will be processed by the first sub-element 2001 and then radiated to a predetermined direction. area 40.
  • the converted first polarized light beam 1001' may be output after passing through the first optical coupling-out part 241, or may be output without passing through the first optical coupling-out part 241, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first sub-element and the second sub-element are arranged to overlap, which can improve the brightness of the backlight source and improve the uniformity of light.
  • the polarization beam splitting element 310 is configured to transmit the second polarized beam 1002 to the second sub-element 2002 of the light emitted by the light source part 100 , and to reflect the first polarized beam 1001 to the first sub-element 2002 of the light. Element 2001.
  • the polarized light splitting element in this embodiment may have the same features as the polarized light splitting element shown in FIG. 9 , and details are not described herein again.
  • the beam splitting element 300 further includes a reflective element 320, which is located on the side of the polarization beam splitting element 310 away from the optical waveguide element 200, and is configured to reflect the first polarized light beam 1001 and the reflected The first polarized light beam propagates into the first sub-element 2001 .
  • the reflective element in this embodiment may have the same features as the reflective element shown in FIG. 9 , and details are not described herein again.
  • the second polarized light is P-polarized and the first polarized light is S-polarized as an example for illustration.
  • the unpolarized light emitted by the light source part 100 has a polarization splitting function after passing through
  • the transmitted light includes P-polarized light
  • the reflected light includes S-polarized light (and vice versa).
  • the transmitted P-polarized light enters the second sub-element 2002 , and the reflected S-polarized light is reflected by the reflective element 320 and then propagates to the first sub-element 2001 .
  • the S-polarized light and the P-polarized light are coupled out by the optical outcoupling parts in the respective sub-optical waveguide elements.
  • the S-polarized light is directly coupled out by the first optical out-coupling part 241
  • the P-polarized light is coupled out by the second optical out-coupling part 242 .
  • After being coupled out it is converted into S-polarized light by the polarization conversion element 400, and then outputted by the first sub-element 2001, so that the unpolarized light emitted by the light source is converted into the same polarized light.
  • the polarization conversion element may be a 1/2 wave plate.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this, and it is sufficient to convert the second polarized light into the first polarized light.
  • the first sub-element 2001 can be located on the side of the second sub-element 2002 away from the light source part 100, so that the transmitted second polarized light enters the second sub-element, and the reflected first polarized light enters the second sub-element 2002.
  • a sub-element but not limited to this.
  • the light source part can also be located between the first sub-element and the second sub-element, or located on the side of the first sub-element away from the second sub-element, and can be set according to actual requirements.
  • FIG. 16 is an example diagram of the backlight shown in FIG. 15 .
  • the light coupling-out portion 240 includes the transflective element array 220 .
  • the optical out-coupling portion 240 may also be referred to as an optical out-coupling element array.
  • Each transflective element of the transflective element array 220 is configured to reflect a part of the light propagating to the transflective element and propagate the reflected light to a predetermined area, and transmit the other part to the waveguide medium 210 to continue total reflection propagation.
  • the waveguide medium 210 includes a main surface
  • the transflective element array 220 includes a plurality of transflective elements 221 arranged along a first direction, the first direction is parallel to the main surface, and the included angle between the transflective elements 221 and the main surface is the first included angle
  • the included angle between the light rays propagating through total reflection in the waveguide medium 210 and the main surface is the second included angle, and the difference between the first included angle and the second included angle is not more than 10 degrees.
  • the included angles between each transflective element 221 and the main surface are almost equal, and all are the first included angle; for example, the included angle between at least one transflective element 221 and the main surface is the first included angle.
  • the difference between the first included angle and the second included angle is not more than 5 degrees.
  • the first included angle and the second included angle are equal, for example, the light propagating through total reflection in the waveguide medium 210 is parallel to the transflective element 221, so that the light is only reflected once in each transflective element, such as avoiding the Light rays parallel to the element are transmitted and reflected on it to improve the uniformity of the light and avoid stray light.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the angle between the transflective element and the light propagating through total reflection can also be greater than 5 degrees. Reflected back to improve the uniformity of light exiting the optical waveguide element.
  • the transflective element array 220 in the first light coupling-out portion 241 includes a plurality of first transflective elements 2211 arranged along the first direction, and the transflective elements in the second light coupling-out portion 242
  • the array 220 includes a plurality of second transflective elements 2212 arranged along the first direction.
  • the included angle with the first transflective element 2211 is the third included angle, and is transmitted to the second transflective element 2212
  • the included angle between the second polarized light beam 1002 and the second transflective element 2212 is the fourth included angle, and the difference between the third included angle and the fourth included angle is not greater than 5 degrees.
  • the angle of the polarized light entering the sub-elements can be adjusted according to the inclination angle of the transflective element in each sub-element. For example, setting the included angles between different sub-elements and the corresponding polarized light to be the same can also facilitate the fabrication of the sub-elements and the adjustment of the angle of incident light.
  • the first The angle between the transflective element 2211 and the second transflective element 2212 may be no greater than 5 degrees.
  • the first transflective element 2211 may be parallel to the second transflective element 2212 to facilitate the fabrication of the optical waveguide element.
  • the included angles between the first transflective element 2211 and/or the second transflective element 2212 and the first direction may all be acute angles, or may all be obtuse angles.
  • the direction indicated by the arrow in the X direction shown in FIG. 16 is the first direction and the total reflection propagation direction of the first polarized light beam 1001 entering the first sub-element 2001 and the second polarized light beam entering the second sub-element 2002
  • the total reflection propagation direction of 1002 is the same, then when the total reflection propagation direction of each polarized light is the same as the first direction, the included angle between each transflective element and the first direction can be an acute angle; the total reflection propagation direction of each polarized light is the same as the first direction.
  • the included angle between each transflective element and the first direction may be an obtuse angle.
  • the included angle between the transflective element and the first direction is related to the total reflection propagation direction of the polarized light.
  • the first transflective element 2211 is configured such that the reflectivity for the first polarized light beam 1001 is greater than the reflectivity for the second polarized light beam 1002, and the transmittance for the second polarized light beam 1002 is greater than that for the first polarized light beam 1002. Transmittance of a polarized light beam 1001.
  • the arrangement of the transflective elements in the embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same features as the arrangement of the transflective elements in the example shown in FIG. 9 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the light emitted from the second sub-element 2002 may be transmitted by the transflective element array 220 in the first sub-element 2001, or may not pass through the transflective element array 220 in the first sub-element 2001,
  • This embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this.
  • the transflective element array in the first sub-element has a relatively strong effect on the polarized light emitted from the second sub-element. high transmittance.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the light out-coupling part being a transflective element array.
  • the light out-coupling part can also be at least one of a surface grating, a volume grating, a blazed grating, a prism, a reflective structure, and a light-exiting mesh point. At least one of reflection, refraction, and diffraction effects will destroy the total reflection condition of the light, allowing the light to exit the optical waveguide element.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight provided according to another example of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example shown in FIG. 17 is different from the example shown in FIG. 15 in that the positional relationship between the first sub-element and the second sub-element shown in FIG. 17 is different.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight provided according to another example of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example shown in FIG. 17 is different from the example shown in FIG. 15 in that the positional relationship between the first sub-element and the second sub-element shown in FIG. 17 is different.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight provided according to another example of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example shown in FIG. 17 is different from the example shown in FIG. 15 in that the positional relationship between the first sub-element and the second sub-element shown in FIG. 17 is different.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of
  • the first sub-element 2001 includes a light-emitting surface
  • the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 do not overlap in a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface (for example, the Y direction) (for example, they may be exactly connected, Or there is a certain distance), which can not only reduce the thickness of the backlight source, but also reduce the degree of light intensity weakening at the edge of the optical waveguide element by setting the length of each sub-element to be smaller.
  • the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 are arranged along the first direction, and the light source part 100 may be located between the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 , but not limited thereto.
  • the total reflection propagation directions of the first polarized light beam 1001 and the second polarized light beam 1002 are opposite, in this case, the first sub-element
  • the transflective element in 2001 is not parallel to the transflective element in the second sub-element 2002, for example, one of the two is an acute angle with the first direction, and the other is an obtuse angle with the first direction, so as to achieve The outcoupling of light by the transflective element.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight provided according to another example of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example shown in FIG. 18 is different from the example shown in FIG. 15 in that the position of the second optical coupling-out portion is different.
  • the first optical coupling-out part 241 and the second optical coupling-out part 242 may both be located in the first sub-element 2001 .
  • the light incident to the optical waveguide element is all polarized light as an example for description.
  • the first sub-element 2001 includes a second light coupling-out portion 242
  • the first sub-element 2001 includes a light-emitting surface
  • the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 intersect in a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface.
  • the polarization conversion structure 400 is located on the light incident side of the second light coupling out part 242
  • the second polarized light entering the second sub-element 2002 propagates through total reflection in the second sub-element and is converted into the first polarization by the polarization conversion structure 400
  • the converted first deflected light is coupled out by the second light coupling out part 242 .
  • the second sub-element 2002 is provided with a reflective structure 500 , and the second polarized light propagating through total reflection in the second sub-element 2002 enters the second sub-element 2002 after being converted by the polarization conversion structure 400 and reflected by the reflective structure 500 .
  • the polarization conversion structure can be arranged in the optical waveguide element 200 or outside the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the coupling method of the first optical coupling-out part 241 to the first polarized beam 1001 and the coupling method of the second optical coupling-out part 242 to the second polarized beam 1002 can be the same as those shown in FIGS. 15-17 .
  • the examples are the same or different.
  • the spectroscopic element 300 in this example may have the same features as the spectroscopic element in the example shown in FIG. 15 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the waveguide medium in the optical waveguide element of this example may have the same characteristics as the waveguide medium in the example shown in FIG. 15 , and details are not described herein again.
  • the first polarized light and the second polarized light in this example may have the same characteristics as the first polarized light and the second polarized light in the example shown in FIG. 15 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the first sub-element 2001 includes a light-emitting surface
  • the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 partially or completely overlap in a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface (eg, the Y direction).
  • the polarization conversion structure 400 is located on the light-incident side of the second light coupling-out part 242 , and the second polarized light beam 1002 entering the second sub-element 2002 is configured to propagate through total reflection in the second sub-element 2002 , and pass through the polarization conversion structure 400 . After conversion, it is coupled out by the second optical coupling-out part 242 .
  • the second polarized light can be made more uniform, for example, the light and dark distribution of the second polarized light can be more uniform.
  • the first optical coupling-out part and the second optical coupling-out part are arranged in the same sub-element, which can reduce the manufacturing cost and is easy to implement.
  • the light-incident side of the first optical coupling-out part 241 is located on the side of the first optical-coupling-out part 241 away from the second optical coupling-out part 242 , and the light-incident side of the second optical coupling-out part 242 is located. It is located on the side of the second light coupling-out portion 242 away from the first light coupling-out portion 241 .
  • FIG. 18 schematically shows that a space is provided between the first optical coupling-out part 241 and the second optical coupling-out part 242 , but it is not limited to this. There may also be no spacing to prevent dark areas between the exiting two light couplers that do not allow light to appear.
  • the first light coupling-out portion and the second light coupling-out portion may also be disposed in an overlapping manner, so as to improve the uniformity of light output.
  • FIG. 18 schematically shows that the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 are separate structures, and the polarization conversion structure 400 is located in the second sub-element 2002, but not limited to this, the polarization conversion structure may also be located in the first sub-element 2002.
  • the polarization conversion structure may be located in the first sub-element and the second sub-element , or outside the first sub-element and the second sub-element, the polarization conversion structure can be located on the light incident side of the second light coupling out part, for example, the second polarized light propagating in the second sub-element is converted into The first polarized light can be coupled out by the second light coupling out part.
  • the second sub-element 2002 may include other optical out-coupling parts (for example, the second sub-element and the first sub-element are separate structures), or may not include an optical out-coupling part (for example, the first sub-element and the second sub-element are in separate structures) is an integrated structure), the second sub-element is mainly configured such that the second polarized light propagates in total reflection therein.
  • FIG. 18 schematically shows that the light incident side of the second optical coupling-out part 242 in the first sub-element 2001 is provided with a third optical coupling-in part 233, and the third optical coupling-in part 233 can be the same as that in the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the first optical coupling-in part and the second optical coupling-in part have the same characteristics, but are not limited thereto, and the light-incident side of the second optical coupling-out part 242 in the first sub-element 2001 may not be provided with an optical coupling-in part.
  • the second polarized light can be converted into the first polarized light by only passing through the polarization conversion structure once, for example, the polarization conversion structure can be a 1/2 wave plate.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the second polarized light may also be converted into the first polarized light after passing through the polarization conversion structure twice, for example, the polarization conversion structure may be a quarter wave plate.
  • the polarization conversion structure 400 is provided in the second sub-element 2002, and the second sub-element 2002 is further provided with a reflective structure 500, which is located on the side of the polarization conversion structure 400 away from the light source part 100, and in the second sub-element 2002.
  • the second polarized light beam 1002 propagating through total reflection in the two sub-elements 2002 is configured to pass through the polarization conversion structure 400 twice, and is reflected once by the reflection structure 500 to enter the first sub-element 2001 .
  • FIG. 19 is an example diagram of the backlight shown in FIG. 18 .
  • the unpolarized light emitted by the light source unit 100 is processed by the polarization beam splitting element 310 having the polarization beam splitting function. , transmits P-polarized light and reflects S-polarized light (and vice versa).
  • the transmitted P-polarized light is coupled into the second sub-element 2002 by the second light coupling part 232, propagates through total reflection in the waveguide medium of the second sub-element 2002, and propagates to the reflective structure 500 at the end face, and the reflected light no longer satisfies the total reflection condition, the reflected light will leave the second sub-element 2002 .
  • the reflective structure 500 here can be regarded as the light coupling-out portion of the second sub-element 2002 .
  • the light incident side of the reflection structure 500 is also provided with a polarization conversion structure 400.
  • the P-polarized light When the P-polarized light is reflected, it first passes through the polarization conversion structure 400, and the reflected light also passes through the polarization conversion structure 400 again, and then leaves the second polarization conversion structure 400.
  • the sub-element 2002 for example, after the P-polarized light passes through the polarization conversion structure 400 twice, it will be converted into S-polarized light, and the converted S-polarized light enters the waveguide medium of the first sub-element 2001 through the third entry portion 233, and is totally reflected. , is transmitted to the second optical coupling-out part 242 and is coupled out from the first sub-element 2001 .
  • the first light coupling-out portion 241 and the second light coupling-out portion 242 may each include a transflective element array 220 , and each transflective element 221 included in the transflective element array 220 is related to the incident light on its surface. The angles of the rays are approximately equal.
  • the transflective element array 220 in the first light coupling-out portion 241 includes a plurality of first transflective elements 2211 arranged along the first direction
  • the transflective element array 220 in the second light coupling-out portion 242 includes a plurality of first transflective elements 2211 arranged along the first direction.
  • a plurality of second transflective elements 2212 arranged in a direction.
  • the first The first transflective element 2211 and the second transflective element 2212 are not parallel, for example, it can be considered that the inclination directions of the two are different, for example, the sandwich between one of the first transflective element 2211 and the second transflective element 2212 and the first direction
  • the angle is an acute angle, and the other included angle with the first direction is an obtuse angle.
  • FIG. 19 schematically shows that the first sub-element and the second sub-element are at least partially overlapped in the Y direction, but not limited to this, the first sub-element and the second sub-element may also not overlap in the Y direction stack.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a backlight provided according to yet another example of another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example shown in FIG. 20 is different from the example shown in FIG. 14 in that the light emitted from the light source unit is unpolarized light when entering the optical waveguide element.
  • the optical waveguide element 200 includes a first sub-element 2001 and a second sub-element 2002 , the first sub-element 2001 includes the first optical coupling-out portion 241 , and the second sub-element 2002 The second light coupling out part 242 is included.
  • the first sub-element and the second sub-element shown in FIG. 20 may both be provided with an optical outcoupling part, and may have the same structure as the sub-optical waveguide element shown in FIG. 9 , or may have a different structure.
  • the light source part 100 is configured so that the light emitted by the light source part 100 enters the first sub-element 2001 , and the first polarized light in the light is passed by the first light coupling-out part 241 coupled out, the second polarized light in the light is propagated to the polarization conversion structure 400 in the first sub-element 2001 to be converted into the first polarized light; The first polarized light propagates to the second light coupling-out portion 242 in the second sub-element 2002 to be coupled out by the second light coupling-out portion 242 .
  • the polarization conversion structure is provided between the first sub-element and the second sub-element; or the first sub-element is provided with the polarization conversion structure, and the polarization conversion structure is located in the first sub-element.
  • a light coupling-out part is away from the light incident side of the first sub-element; or, the second sub-element is provided with the polarization conversion structure, and the polarization conversion structure is located at the second light coupling-out the light-incident side of the part.
  • the optical waveguide element 200 includes a first sub-element 2001 and a second sub-element 2002 .
  • the first sub-element 2001 is provided with a first optical out-coupling part 241
  • the second sub-element 2002 is provided with a second optical out-coupling part 241 .
  • the unpolarized light emitted by the light source part 100 is configured to enter the first sub-element 2001, and the first polarized light beam 1001 in the light is coupled out by the first light coupling part 241, and the second polarized light beam 1002 in the light is configured to be in the light.
  • the first sub-element 2001 propagates to the polarization conversion structure 400 to be converted into a first polarized light beam 1001 ′; the first polarized light beam 1001 ′ converted by the polarization conversion structure 400 is configured to propagate in the second sub-element 2002 to the second polarized light beam 1001 ′
  • the light coupling-out portion 242 is coupled out by the second light coupling-out portion 242 .
  • the first optical out-coupling part can not only have the effect of out-coupling light, but also can split the unpolarized light entered by the light source part. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical out-coupling part located in the optical waveguide element enters the light source part.
  • the unpolarized light is polarized and split, and the setting of the splitting device can be omitted to save the volume of the backlight.
  • the coupling method of the first optical coupling-out part 241 to the first polarized beam 1001 and the coupling method of the second optical coupling-out part 242 to the second polarized beam 1002 can be the same as those shown in FIGS. 15-17 .
  • the examples are the same or different.
  • the waveguide medium in the optical waveguide element of this example may have the same characteristics as the waveguide medium in the example shown in FIG. 15 , and details are not described herein again.
  • the first polarized light and the second polarized light in this example may have the same characteristics as the first polarized light and the second polarized light in the example shown in FIG. 15 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the first light coupling-out portion 241 may have a structure with high reflectivity for the first polarized light beam 1001 and high transmittance for the second polarized light beam 1002 .
  • the first optical coupling-out part 240 is an element with high reflectivity for S-polarized light and high transmittance for P-polarized light.
  • S-polarized light Gradually leave the first sub-element 2001; the P-polarized light continues to transmit, and after passing through the polarization conversion element 400, it is converted into S-polarized light, and then enters the second sub-element 2002 for transmission, and is coupled out through the second optical coupling part 242.
  • Two sub-elements 2002 Two sub-elements 2002.
  • the first sub-element 2001 includes a light-emitting surface, and the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 at least partially overlap in a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface.
  • the first sub-element and the second sub-element may also be arranged along the total reflection propagation direction of the light, for example, arranged along the X direction.
  • first sub-element and the second sub-element may not overlap in the direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface, and the first light coupling part located in the first sub-element may couple out the first polarized light and transmit the second polarized light
  • the second light coupling part located in the second sub-element can couple out the converted first polarized light.
  • FIG. 21 is an example diagram of the backlight shown in FIG. 20 .
  • the first light coupling-out portion 241 and the second light coupling-out portion 242 may each include a transflective element array 220 , and each transflective element 221 included in the transflective element array 220 is related to the light incident on its surface. The included angles are approximately equal.
  • the transflective element array 220 in the first light coupling-out portion 241 includes a plurality of first transflective elements 2211 arranged along the first direction
  • the transflective element array 220 in the second light coupling-out portion 242 includes a plurality of first transflective elements 2211 arranged along the first direction.
  • a plurality of second transflective elements 2212 arranged in a direction. Since the total reflection propagation direction of the first polarized light beam 1001 incident on the first light coupling out part 241 is opposite to the total reflection propagation direction of the converted first polarized light beam 1001 ′ incident on the second light coupling out part 242 , the first The first transflective element 2211 and the second transflective element 2212 are not parallel, for example, it can be considered that the inclination directions of the two are different, for example, the sandwich between one of the first transflective element 2211 and the second transflective element 2212 and the first direction The angle is an acute angle, and the other included angle with the first direction is an obtuse angle.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the total reflection propagation direction of the first polarized light incident on the first light coupling-out portion is the same as that incident on the second light coupling-out portion.
  • the first transflective element and the second transflective element can be roughly parallel, for example, the inclination directions of the two can be considered to be the same, for example, the first transflective element and the second transflective element
  • the included angle between the second transflective element and the first direction may be an acute angle or an obtuse angle.
  • the first transflective element 2211 may be an element with high reflectivity for the first polarized light beam 1001 and high transmittance for the second polarized light beam 1002 to realize the splitting of unpolarized light.
  • the second transflective element 2212 may be either a transflective element without polarization selection characteristics, or an element having a relatively high reflectivity for the first polarized light, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light emitted from the light source part 100 is configured to propagate through total reflection in at least one of the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 .
  • FIG. 21 schematically shows that the light rays can be propagated by total reflection in the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002, but it is not limited to this.
  • the transmission in the element is in a way of non-total internal reflection, such as propagating directly along a straight line, and in turn passes through the transflective output of the transflective element.
  • the polarization conversion structure 400 may be disposed between the first sub-element 2001 and the second sub-element 2002 .
  • the polarization conversion structure 400 may also be disposed in the first sub-element 2001 on the side of the first light coupling-out portion 241 away from the light source portion 100 .
  • the polarization conversion structure 400 may also be disposed in the second sub-element 2002 on the light incident side of the second light coupling-out portion 242 .
  • FIG. 21 schematically shows that the first sub-element and the second sub-element are an integrated structure, and the polarization conversion structure is located in the integrated structure, and is located on the light-emitting side of the first optical coupling-out part and the second optical coupling-out section the light-incident side of the part.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this, and the polarization conversion structure may also be located at a position other than the first sub-element and the second sub-element, and the polarization conversion structure is located on the light-emitting side of the first optical coupling-out part and the light-incident side of the second optical coupling-out part.
  • the optical waveguide element 200 further includes a reflective structure 500 on the light incident side of the polarization conversion structure 400 , the reflective structure 500 is configured to change the propagation direction of the second polarized light beam 1002 so that it is incident on the polarized light beam 1002 . conversion structure 400.
  • the polarization conversion structure 400 may be a 1/2 wave plate.
  • the polarization conversion structure in this example may be the same as the polarization conversion structure in the examples shown in FIG. 18 to FIG. 19 , and details are not described herein again.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts the scheme of dividing the light rays emitted by the light source part into different polarization states and then separately waveguide transmission and output, so that the output light can be The uniformity of light and dark is further improved.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight provided according to an example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the backlight includes a light source part 100 and an optical waveguide plate 2000.
  • the optical waveguide plate 2000 includes a light homogenizing part 250 and an optical waveguide element 200.
  • the optical waveguide element 200 includes a light exit surface.
  • the light-emitting surfaces are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction, for example, they are arranged in layers.
  • the light source part 100 is configured so that the light emitted from the light source part 100 enters the optical waveguide element 200 after multiple total reflections in the light homogenizing part 250 , and then exits from the light exit surface of the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the light incident to the homogenizing part 250 enters the optical waveguide element 200 after being homogenized by the homogenizing part 250 .
  • the light incident on the light homogenizing part 250 may be the light emitted by the light source part 100 , for example, the light emitted by the light source part 100 may be directly incident on the light homogenizing part 250 , or it may be incident on the light homogenizing part 250 after being processed by other components. .
  • the number of multiple total reflections is not less than 5 times.
  • the number of multiple total reflections may be 5 to 20 times.
  • the number of multiple total reflections may be 6 to 12 times.
  • the number of multiple total reflections may be 6 to 8 times.
  • the light homogenizing part 250 includes a light entrance end and a light exit end, and the light entrance end and the light exit end are arranged along the extension direction of the light exit surface; the thickness of the light homogenization part 250 in the direction perpendicular to the light exit surface is not greater than that of the optical waveguide element 200 in the arrangement thickness in the direction.
  • the uniform light portion can be set to have a smaller thickness to increase the number of total reflections of the totally reflected light therein.
  • the optical waveguide element 200 includes a waveguide medium 210 and an optical outcoupling portion 240 .
  • the optical waveguide element 200 further includes a light homogenizing part 250.
  • the light incident on the light homogenizing part 250 for example, the light beam of the light source part 100 reaches the light coupling out part 240 after passing through the light homogenizing part 250, and the light entering the optical waveguide element 200 is It is arranged so that 8 to 11 times of total reflection propagation occurs in the uniform light portion 250 .
  • the refractive index of the homogenizing portion 250 is greater than the refractive index of the waveguide medium 210 in the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the total reflection critical angle of the light in which total reflection occurs can be adjusted. When the total reflection critical angle is small, the number of total reflections can be increased.
  • the optical waveguide plate 2000 is an integrated structure.
  • the homogenizing portion 250 and the waveguide medium 210 are an integrated structure.
  • the homogenizing part 250 may be located between the light coupling-out part 240 and the light source part 100 .
  • the uniformity of the light transmitted to the light coupling-out portion can be improved, for example, the light is homogenized and then output to obtain light and dark Uniform area light source light.
  • the homogenizing part and the waveguide medium are an integrated structure can mean that the homogenizing part and the waveguide medium are the same structure made of the same material through a one-step process, or it can also mean that the homogenizing part and the waveguide medium are connected by a fixed method such as bonding together.
  • the homogenizing portion and the waveguide medium may be made of materials with the same refractive index, or materials with different refractive indices, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the uniform light portion shown in FIG. 22 may also be provided in any of the examples shown in FIGS. 1A to 21 to further improve the uniformity of the light output from the backlight source.
  • the optical coupling-out portion in this embodiment may have the same features as the optical coupling-out portion in any of the examples shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 21 , and details are not described herein again.
  • the waveguide medium in this embodiment may have the same features as the waveguide medium in any of the examples shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 21 , and details are not described herein again.
  • the light source part in this embodiment may have the same features as the light source part in any of the examples shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 21 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the length of the homogenizing portion 250 along the X direction may not be less than the length along the X direction of the transflective element array serving as the light coupling out portion 240 .
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the length of the uniform light portion 250 along the X direction may be 1/3 to 2/3 of the length of the transflective element array serving as the light coupling out portion 240 along the X direction.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the backlight shown in FIG. 22 .
  • an optical coupling part 230 may be provided, or an optical coupling part may not be provided.
  • the optical coupling part 230 provided in this embodiment may have the same features as the optical coupling part provided in any of the examples shown in FIG. 1A to FIG. 21 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the homogenizing portion 250 may be disposed between the light coupling portion 230 and the light coupling out portion 240 of the optical waveguide element 200 , or may be disposed between the light coupling portion and the light source portion. There is no restriction on this.
  • the light emitted by the light source part 100 first enters the homogenizing part 250 through the optical coupling part 230, and is transmitted in the homogenizing part 250 and gradually homogenized;
  • a transflective element array 240 is coupled out, for example, converted into a collimated and parallel light beam.
  • the light homogenizing part 250 can totally reflect the light entering it for many times, for example, 8 to 11 times, so as to make the light beam distribution uniform, and then realize the effect of uniform light.
  • the light after the homogenization continues to be transmitted to the optical coupling-out part 240 along the total reflection path, and is converted into collimated light through the transmission and reflection of the optical coupling-out part 240 to form a collimated parallel light with uniform brightness and darkness.
  • the homogenizing part is arranged before the light coupling-out part.
  • the light coupling-out part 240 includes a plurality of light-coupling-out sub-sections 2401 arranged along a first direction (eg, the X direction). Orientation arrangement.
  • the homogenizing part 250 and the light coupling-out part 240 are arranged on a plane parallel to the XZ plane.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a backlight provided according to another example of still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the optical waveguide element 200 includes a light exit surface 001 , the light coupling out part 240 and the waveguide medium 210 can overlap the light homogenizing part 250 in a direction perpendicular to the light exit surface 001 , and the waveguide medium 210 and the light homogenizing part
  • a gap medium 260 is arranged between the 250 , and the refractive index of the waveguide medium 240 and the refractive index of the light homogenizing portion 250 may both be greater than the refractive index of the gap medium 260 .
  • the area occupied by the light homogenizing part can be saved, thereby increasing the area of the light emitting surface of the backlight source to obtain uniform light from the surface light source.
  • the homogenizing portion 250 may be located on the side of the light coupling out portion 240 away from the light emitting surface 001 .
  • the interstitial medium 260 may be air or other solid medium (eg, optical glue) with a refractive index smaller than that of the dodging part 250 and the waveguide medium 210 so that the light transmitted in the dodging part and the waveguide medium satisfies the condition of total reflection.
  • solid medium eg, optical glue
  • the gap medium 260 may be a transparent medium or a non-transparent medium, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the length of the homogenizing portion 250 along the X direction may not be less than the length of the transflective element array serving as the light coupling out portion 240 along the X direction to achieve a better homogenizing effect.
  • the length of the uniform light portion 250 along the X direction may be 1/3 to 2/3 of the length of the transflective element array serving as the light coupling out portion 240 along the X direction.
  • a connecting portion 270 is further provided between the optical waveguide element 200 and the light homogenizing portion 250 , and the connecting portion 270 connects the light incident end of the optical waveguide element 200 and the light outgoing end of the light homogenizing portion 250 , so that the The light of the homogenizing portion 250 enters the optical waveguide element 200 through the connecting portion 270 .
  • the connecting portion 270 includes a light-adjusting portion 271 configured to destroy the total reflection condition of total reflection of the propagating light in the light-distributing portion 250 , so that the light transmitted in the light-distributing portion 250 Access to the optical waveguide element 200 is possible.
  • the connecting portion 270 further includes a reflective surface 272 configured to reflect the light in the homogenizing portion 250 into the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the connecting portion may include at least one of a light-adjusting portion and a reflective surface.
  • FIG. 24 schematically shows that the connecting portion includes a light-adjusting portion and a reflecting surface, but is not limited thereto, and the connecting portion may only include a light-adjusting portion and a reflecting surface.
  • the light part, or the connecting part includes only the reflective surface.
  • the above-mentioned connecting portion 270 is further disposed between the waveguide medium 210 and the homogenizing portion 250.
  • the connecting portion 270 connects the waveguide medium 240 and the end of the homogenizing portion 250 away from the light incident side of the homogenizing portion 250, so that the homogenizing portion 250 is The light of 250 enters the waveguide medium 210 from the connection part 270 .
  • the connection part 270 is located on the side of the gap medium 260 away from the light source part 100 .
  • the light source part 100 and the connection part 270 are located on both sides of the gap medium 260 in the X direction.
  • the connecting portion 270 is located on the side away from the light incident side of the light-diffusing portion 250 .
  • the connection part 270 and the light source part 100 are respectively located on both sides of the uniform light part 250 .
  • the connection part 270 and the light source part 100 are located on both sides of the waveguide medium 210, respectively.
  • the connecting portion 270 is located on the light-emitting side of the light-diffusing portion 250 and on the light-incident side of the waveguide medium 210 .
  • the connecting portion 270 includes a light-adjusting portion 271 configured to destroy the total reflection condition of total reflection of the propagating light in the light-distributing portion 250 , so that the light transmitted in the light-distributing portion 250
  • the waveguide medium 210 may be entered.
  • the dimming part 271 can be an optical element with a different refractive index from the waveguide medium 210, such as optical glue, which destroys the condition of total reflection and allows the light to enter the light outcoupling part (for example, a transparent part) located on the side of the homogenizing part 250 facing the display panel. anti-element array).
  • optical glue for example, a transparent part
  • the dimming part 271 can be used as the light out-coupling part of the homogenizing part 250 and the light-coupling part of the waveguide medium, or only the light-coupling part of the homogenizing part 250, or only the light-coupling part of the waveguide medium.
  • the disclosed embodiments are not limited in this regard.
  • connection part 270 further includes a reflection surface 272 , and the reflection surface 272 is configured to reflect the light emitted from the light homogenizing part 250 toward the waveguide medium 210 .
  • the light entering the homogenizing part 250 is transmitted along the total reflection path in the homogenizing part 250, and is transmitted to the dimming part 271, and the dimming part 271 will destroy the total reflection condition of the light, for example, the light will continue to
  • the reflected light is transmitted to the reflective surface 272 and reflected, and the reflected light is transmitted to the light coupler 340 (eg, a transflective element array), and then coupled out through the light coupler 340 , for example, converted into collimated and parallel light.
  • the light coupler 340 eg, a transflective element array
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a light source device
  • the light source device includes an optical waveguide plate 2000 and a light source part 100
  • the optical waveguide plate 2000 includes a light homogenizing part 250 and an optical waveguide element 200
  • the element 250 includes a light emitting surface
  • the light homogenizing portion 250 and the optical waveguide element 200 are arranged in sequence in a direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface;
  • the optical waveguide element 200 is then emitted from the light-emitting surface of the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the light source device can be the backlight in the above-mentioned embodiments, and is applied to the display device together with the display panel, but is not limited thereto, and can also be applied to other devices in combination with other structures.
  • the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be a liquid crystal display panel, such as a transmissive liquid crystal display panel or a reflective liquid crystal display panel, which can form an image in cooperation with light provided by a backlight source.
  • a liquid crystal display panel eg, a liquid crystal screen
  • the display panel may also be an electro-wetting screen or a liquid crystal display element on silicon, etc. No matter which type of display panel, it can cooperate with the backlight provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure to form a display with uniform light output and lightness device.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a display device provided according to an example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device further includes a light diffusing element 30 .
  • the light diffusing element 30 is configured to diffuse the light emitted from the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the light diffusing element 30 is configured to disperse the light beam passing through the light diffusing element 30 . to spread.
  • the backlight source in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be the backlight source shown in any of the examples in FIGS. 1A to 24 .
  • the light diffusing element 30 is located between the light waveguide element 200 and the display panel 10 .
  • the light diffusing element 30 may also be disposed on the light emitting side of the display panel 10 to diffuse the image light emitted by the display panel 10 .
  • FIG. 25 schematically shows that the number of light diffusing elements is one, but it is not limited to this, and there may be more than one, and they are arranged at intervals to further improve the dispersion effect of the light beam.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure schematically shows that the light diffusing element is located on the back side of the display panel, but is not limited thereto, and may also be located on the display surface side of the display panel.
  • the light diffusing element may be attached to the surface of the display surface of the display panel.
  • the light diffusing element 30 is configured to diffuse the light beam passing through the light diffusing element 30 without changing the chief ray, chief light or optical axis of the light beam.
  • the above-mentioned "main optical axis" may refer to the centerline of the light beam, and may also be regarded as the main direction of light beam propagation.
  • the energy distribution of the light spot can be uniform or non-uniform; for example, the size and shape of the light spot can be determined by Microstructural control of the surface design of the beam spreading structure 30 .
  • the above-mentioned specific shape may include, but is not limited to, at least one of a line, a circle, an ellipse, a square, and a rectangle.
  • the light diffusing element 30 may not distinguish the front and back.
  • the propagation angle and spot size of the diffused beam determine the brightness and visible area of the final image. The smaller the diffusion angle, the higher the imaging brightness and the smaller the visible area; and vice versa.
  • the light diffusing element 30 includes at least one of a diffractive optical element and a scattering optical element.
  • the light diffusing element 30 can be a scattering optical element with low cost, such as a light homogenizer, a diffuser, etc.
  • a scattering optical element such as the light homogenizer
  • scattering occurs, and a small amount of diffraction also occurs, but the scattering
  • the main function is that the light beam will form a relatively large spot after passing through the scattering optical element.
  • the light diffusing element 30 may also be a diffractive optical element (Diffractive Optical Elements, DOE) that controls the diffusing effect relatively more precisely, such as a beam shaping sheet (Beam Shaper).
  • DOE diffractive Optical Elements
  • Beam Shaper Beam Shaper
  • diffractive optical elements design specific microstructures on the surface to expand the beam mainly through diffraction, and the size and shape of the light spot are controllable.
  • FIG. 26 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a display device provided according to another example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device further includes a light condensing element 40 configured to condense the light emitted from the optical waveguide element 200 toward the display panel 10 .
  • the light condensing element 40 is located between the light waveguide element 200 and the light diffusing element 30 , and the backlight source in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be the backlight source shown in any of the examples in FIGS. 1A to 24 .
  • the light converging element 40 is configured to control the direction of the collimated light emitted from the optical waveguide element 200, and condensing the light to a predetermined range, which can further gather the light and improve the utilization rate of the light.
  • the above predetermined range can be a point, such as the focal point of a convex lens, or a small area.
  • the purpose of setting the light converging element is to uniformly adjust the direction of the collimated light output by the optical waveguide element to the predetermined range, so as to improve the utilization rate of light. .
  • the light converging element 40 may be a lens or a lens combination, such as at least one lens, such as a convex lens, a Fresnel lens, or a lens combination, etc.
  • a convex lens is used as an example for schematic illustration in FIG. 26 .
  • the light condensing element 40 can condense the collimated light output by the optical waveguide element 200 to a certain range, and the light diffusing element 30 can diffuse the condensed light.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure can provide high light efficiency through the cooperation of the light condensing element and the light diffusing element, and also expand the visible range.
  • the light condensing element 40 can focus and orient almost all the light rays, so that the light rays can reach the user's eye box area 003 , for example, the collimated light beam output by the optical waveguide element 200 is easy to control In order to achieve convenient adjustment of the direction of the light.
  • the area where the observer watches the image can be preset according to actual needs, such as the eyebox area (eyebox) 003, the eyebox area 003 refers to the area where the observer's eyes are located and where the image displayed by the display device can be seen, for example, it can be is a planar area or a three-dimensional area.
  • the eye box area 003 may be the area where the observer's eyes are located and where the image displayed by the display device can be seen.
  • the light emitted by the light source part 100 is converted into a uniformly emitted collimated light through the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the collimated light will be collected and fall into the center of the eye box area 003 .
  • the light is further diffused by the light diffusing element 30, and the diffused light beam can cover the eye box area 003, for example, just cover the eye box area 003, which can achieve high light efficiency and will not affect normal observation.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the diffused light beam may also be larger than the eye box area, for example, at least completely cover the eye box; In this case, the light efficiency of the display device can be considered to be the highest.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a display device provided according to another example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the example shown in FIG. 27 differs from the example shown in FIG. 26 in the positional relationship between the light condensing element and the optical waveguide element.
  • the light condensing element 40 and the optical waveguide element 200 have a one-piece structure.
  • by arranging the light condensing element and the optical waveguide element in an integrated structure not only the thickness of the display device can be reduced to facilitate installation, but also light can be prevented from penetrating between the air and the optical waveguide element and/or the light condensing element. Unnecessary reflections on the interface can reduce or avoid wasted light effects.
  • a transparent medium layer 50 is disposed between the light-converging element 40 and the optical waveguide element 200 , and the refractive index of the transparent medium layer 50 is smaller than that of the optical waveguide element 200 so as to satisfy the requirement of transmission in the waveguide medium.
  • Total reflection of light may be small enough to satisfy the propagation condition of total reflection when light propagates in the waveguide medium.
  • the transparent medium layer 50 can be a medium with high transmittance such as transparent optical glue, which can not only realize the bonding of the light condensing element and the optical waveguide element, but also improve the transmittance of light.
  • transparent optical glue such as transparent optical glue
  • the light converging element 40 and the optical waveguide element 200 may be made of the same material, or may be made of different materials, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 28 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a display device provided according to another example of still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the light conversion device can be applied to a display device, in which the light emitted from the backlight is unpolarized light, or the light emitted by the light source part toward the optical waveguide element is unpolarized light, and the display panel is configured to utilize the first One of a polarized light and a second polarized light generates image light.
  • the backlight source here may be the backlight source that satisfies this condition in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the "unpolarized light” here means that the light emitted by the light source can have multiple polarization characteristics at the same time but does not exhibit a unique polarization characteristic.
  • the unpolarized light emitted by the light source unit can be decomposed into light rays of two mutually perpendicular polarization states.
  • the polarized light that can be used by the display panel here may refer to the polarized light that can be incident inside the display panel, or may refer to the polarized light required when the display panel forms image light of a specific polarization state, and the like.
  • the light conversion device may be provided in multiple locations, eg, configured to process the light emitted by the light source portion and propagate the processed light to the optical waveguide element.
  • the light conversion device is configured to recover the light emitted by the light source part and send the recovered light to the optical waveguide element, and/or recover the light exiting the optical waveguide element and send the recovered light to the display panel.
  • recycling light can be understood as converting some unusable light for use.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 10 may include an array substrate (not shown), an opposite substrate (not shown), and a liquid crystal layer (not shown) between the array substrate and the opposite substrate.
  • the liquid crystal display panel further includes a first polarizing layer 10-1 disposed on a side of the array substrate away from the opposite substrate and a second polarizing layer 10-2 disposed on a side of the opposite substrate away from the array substrate.
  • the backlight source 20 is configured to provide backlight to the liquid crystal display panel 10 , and the backlight is converted into image light after passing through the liquid crystal display panel 10 .
  • the polarization axis direction of the first polarizing layer 10-1 and the polarization axis direction of the second polarizing layer 10-2 are perpendicular to each other, but not limited thereto.
  • the first polarizing layer 10-1 may pass the first linearly polarized light
  • the second polarizing layer 10-2 may pass the second linearly polarized light, but not limited thereto.
  • the polarization direction of the first linearly polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light.
  • only light with a specific polarization state can pass through the first polarizing layer 10-1 between the liquid crystal layer and the backlight source 20 to be incident into the liquid crystal display panel, and be used for imaging.
  • the light emitted by the backlight source 20 is non-polarized light, at most 50% of the light emitted by the backlight source 20 can be utilized by the image generating unit, and the rest of the light will be wasted or absorbed by the liquid crystal layer to generate heat.
  • the light conversion device 50 is located on the side of the display panel 10 facing the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • 28 schematically shows that the light conversion device 50 is located between the light condensing element 40 and the optical waveguide element 200, but not limited to this, the light conversion device can also be located between the optical waveguide element and the light source part, the light condensing element and the light diffusing element. Between the light diffusing element and the display panel, the light conversion device may be located on the light incident side of the display panel so that the light incident on the display panel is of a specific polarization state.
  • the light conversion device includes a beam splitting element 51 and a polarization conversion element 53 .
  • the light conversion device includes a beam splitting element 51 , a direction changing element 52 , and a polarization converting element 53 .
  • the beam splitting element 51 is configured to split the light incident on the beam splitting element 51 into a first polarized light beam 101 and a second polarized light beam 102 having different polarization states.
  • the first polarized light beam 101 is configured to be directed toward the display panel 10
  • the second polarized light beam 102 is directed toward the direction changing element 52 .
  • the direction changing element 52 is configured to change the propagation direction of the light incident to the direction changing element 52 so as to be directed toward the display panel 10 .
  • the polarization conversion element 53 is configured to convert the polarized light that cannot be utilized by the display panel 10 in the first polarized light beam 101 and the second polarized light beam 102 into polarized light that can be utilized by the display panel 10 before reaching the display panel 10 .
  • the first polarized light beam 101 and the second polarized light beam 102 may both be linearly polarized light.
  • the first polarizing layer 10-1 included in the display panel 10 is located on the side of the display panel 10 close to the light source part 100, and the polarization axis of the first polarizing layer 10-1 is parallel to the first polarized light beam 101 or the second polarized light beam 102
  • the polarization conversion element 53 is configured to convert the polarized light whose polarization direction is not parallel to the polarization axis in the first polarized light beam 101 and the second polarized light beam 102 into a polarization whose polarization direction is parallel to the polarization axis before reaching the display panel 10 Light.
  • FIG. 28 schematically shows that the polarization direction of the second polarized light beam 102 is parallel to the polarization axis of the first polarizing layer 10-1, but it is not limited to this, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light can also be parallel to the first polarizing layer. Polarization axis.
  • the backlight source 20 emits unpolarized light
  • the display panel 10 can use S-polarized light (the second polarized light beam 102 )
  • the beam splitting element 51 reflects the S-polarized light and transmits the P-polarized light (the first polarized light beam 102 ).
  • the direction changing element 52 can reflect S-polarized light.
  • the S-polarized light in the light emitted by the backlight source 20 is reflected by the beam splitting element 51, the reflected S-polarized light is reflected by the direction changing element 52 and then exits to the display panel 10, and the P-polarized light in the light emitted by the backlight source 20 is split.
  • the beam element 51 transmits, and after transmission, passes through the polarization conversion element 53 and is converted into S-polarized light, so that the unpolarized light emitted by the backlight can be converted into S-polarized light usable by the display panel.
  • the beam splitting element 51 may have the function of transmitting light of one characteristic and reflecting light of another characteristic, for example, the beam splitting element 51 may have the characteristic of transmitting light of one polarization state and reflecting light of another polarization state , the beam splitting element can realize beam splitting by utilizing the above-mentioned transflective characteristics.
  • the beam splitting element 51 may be a transflective film, which achieves beam splitting by transmitting part of the light and reflecting another part of the light.
  • the transflective film can transmit the first polarized light beam 101 in the light emitted by the backlight 20 and reflect the second polarized light beam 102 in the light emitted by the backlight 20 .
  • the transflective film can be an optical film with polarized transflective function, such as an optical film that can split unpolarized light into two different polarized lights through transmission and reflection, for example, can split light into two
  • the optical film of mutually perpendicularly polarized light can be composed of multiple layers with different refractive indices in a certain stacking sequence, and the thickness of each film layer is about 10-1000nm
  • the material of the film layer can be Inorganic dielectric materials, such as metal oxides and metal nitrides, can be selected; polymeric materials such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene can also be selected.
  • the beam splitting element 51 may be an element formed by coating or sticking a film on a transparent substrate.
  • the beam splitting element 51 can be a transflective film with the characteristics of reflecting S polarized light and transmitting P polarized light, such as a reflective polarized brightness enhancement film (Dual Brightness Enhance Film, DBEF) or a prism film ( Brightness Enhancement Film, BEF) and so on.
  • DBEF Reflective polarized brightness enhancement film
  • BEF Brightness Enhancement Film
  • the beam splitting element may also be an integrated element.
  • the direction changing element 52 is configured to reflect the second polarized light beam 102 incident on the direction changing element 52 and propagate the reflected second polarized light beam to the display panel 10 .
  • the direction changing element 52 may be a reflective element for reflecting the second polarized light beam 102 emitted from the beam splitting element 51 and propagating the reflected second polarized light beam to the display panel 10 . Since the polarization axis of the polarizing layer 210 of the display panel 10 is parallel to the polarization direction of the second polarized light beam 102 , the second polarized light beam 102 emitted from the direction changing element 52 to the display panel 10 can be directly utilized by the display panel 10 .
  • the direction changing element 52 can be a common reflective plate, such as a metal or glass reflective plate; it can also be a reflective film with the characteristic of reflecting S-polarized light plated or pasted on the substrate.
  • the direction changing element 52 may also have transflective properties, and have the same transflective properties as the transflective film included in the beam splitting element 51 , for example, the property of reflecting S-polarized light and transmitting P-polarized light. This embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this, as long as the direction changing element 52 can reflect the S-polarized light.
  • the polarization conversion element 53 can be a phase retardation film. By rotating the polarization direction of the first polarized light beam 101 incident thereon by 90 degrees, the light emitted from the phase retardation film to the display panel 10 can be utilized by the display panel 10 . of the second polarized light beam 102 .
  • the polarization conversion element 53 may be a 1/2 wave plate.
  • the polarization conversion element may be disposed in close contact with the beam splitting element.
  • a transparent substrate may be arranged between the beam splitting element and the polarization conversion element, and the beam splitting element and the polarization conversion element are respectively attached to two surfaces of the transparent substrate opposite to each other for convenient arrangement.
  • the beam splitting element may also be directly attached to the surface of the polarization conversion element to achieve lightness and thinness of the image source.
  • the polarization converting element 53 is located on the side of the beam splitting element 51 away from the direction changing element 50 .
  • FIG. 28 schematically shows that the beam splitting element and the direction changing element are nearly parallel, and the finally emitted and recovered light rays are nearly parallel collimated rays. But it is not limited to this, if the beam splitting element and the direction changing element are not parallel, the emitted light can be in a diffused or concentrated state, which is suitable for some special application scenarios.
  • the light conversion device processes the light exiting the optical waveguide element and propagates the processed light to the display panel.
  • the light conversion device 50 is located on the side of the display panel 10 facing the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • the light conversion device includes a beam splitting element 51 and a polarization conversion element 53, the beam splitting element 51 splits the light rays, and the polarization conversion element 53 converts one of the light rays into light rays with substantially the same properties as the other (eg, The polarization states are basically the same).
  • the light conversion device 50 may also include a polarization beam splitting element 310 and a polarization conversion structure 400.
  • the polarization beam splitter element 310 splits the light into the first polarized light and the second polarized light
  • the polarization conversion structure 400 splits the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
  • One of the polarized light is converted to substantially the same sexual polarization state as the other.
  • the light conversion device 50 may also include a polarization beam splitting element 310, a reflection element 320 and a polarization conversion structure 400.
  • the polarization beam splitter element 310 splits the light into a first polarized light and a second polarized light
  • the polarization conversion structure 400 splits the first polarized light.
  • One of the light and the second polarized light is converted into substantially the same polarized state as the other, and the reflective element 320 reflects and propagates one of the light rays to the display panel.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of a light conversion device in a display device provided according to another example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. The difference between the light conversion device shown in FIG. 29 and the light conversion device shown in FIG.
  • the position of the polarization conversion element and the light of the polarization state that can be used by the display panel are different.
  • the features of the element 52 and the polarization conversion element 53 may be the same as those of the respective elements shown in FIG. 28 , and details are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of a light conversion device in a display device provided according to yet another example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the difference between the light conversion device shown in FIG. 30 and the light conversion device shown in FIG. 28 is that the position of the polarization conversion element and the light of the polarization state that can be used by the display panel are different, and the polarized light reflected by the direction changing element 52 is different.
  • the characteristics of the beam splitting element 51 and the polarization conversion element 53 in the conversion device may be the same as those of the elements shown in FIG. 28 , and details are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of a light conversion device in a display device provided according to yet another example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the difference between the light conversion device shown in FIG. 31 and the light conversion device shown in FIG. 29 is that the light in this example passes through the polarization conversion element 53 twice, while the light in the example shown in FIG. 29 passes through the polarization conversion element 53 only once , and the polarized light reflected by the direction changing element 52 is different.
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of a light conversion device in a display device provided according to yet another example of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the difference between the light conversion device shown in FIG. 31 and the light conversion device shown in FIG. 29 is that the light in this example passes through the polarization conversion element 53 twice, while the light in the example shown in FIG. 29 passes through the polarization conversion element 53 only once , and the polarized light reflected by the direction changing element 52 is different.
  • FIG. 29 shows the difference between the light conversion device shown in FIG. 31
  • the polarization conversion element 53 is located between the direction change element 52 and the beam splitting element 51, and is configured to convert the second polarized light beam 102 reflected from the beam splitter element 51 toward the direction change element 52 into a second polarized light beam 102 Three polarized light beams 103 .
  • the third polarized light beam 103 is reflected by the direction changing element 52 and converted into a first polarized light beam 101 after passing through the polarization conversion element 53 , and the converted first polarized light beam 101 is directed to the display panel 10 .
  • the polarization conversion element 53 can be a phase retardation film, such as a quarter-wave plate, and can convert the second polarized light beam 102, such as linearly polarized light, incident thereon into a third polarized light beam 103, such as circularly polarized light Or elliptically polarized light, so that the polarized light incident on the direction changing element 52 after passing through the retardation film is no longer linearly polarized light.
  • a phase retardation film such as a quarter-wave plate
  • the third polarized light beam 103 incident on the direction changing element 52 is changed in the direction of propagation by the direction changing element 52 to propagate toward the display panel 10, and the third polarized light beam 103 before reaching the display panel 10 passes through the polarization converting element 53 again to be converted into The first polarized light beam 101 that can be utilized by the display panel 10 .
  • the characteristics of the beam splitting element 51 and the direction changing element 52 in the light conversion device in this example may be the same as those of the corresponding elements shown in FIG. 28 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the main optical axis of the light passing through the optical coupling-out member intersects with the extending direction of the light-emitting region of the optical waveguide element, and the propagation in FIG. 1 can be considered as is the propagation path of the main optical axis of the light, which intersects with the light-emitting area (for example, the light-emitting surface 211); or, the main optical axis of the light passing through the optical coupler is along the extension direction of the light-emitting area of the optical waveguide element, as shown in Figure 34 As shown, the main optical axis of the light can be parallel to the light emitting surface 211 . For example, light travels mainly along a straight path in the optical waveguide element 200 .
  • a portion of the light incident on the light out-coupling member is reflected by the light out-coupling member and the other portion is reflected by the light out-coupling member transmitted by the light out-coupling member.
  • the light reflected by the light out-coupling member exits from the light-emitting area of the light-conducting element and then transmits through the display panel 10, and the light transmitted by the light out-coupling member passes through the light out-coupling member and continues on or, in other embodiments, the light transmitted by the light coupling-out member exits from the light-emitting area of the light-conducting element and then passes through the display panel, and the light reflected by the light coupling-out member passes through the light After the coupling out, it continues to propagate in the light-conducting element.
  • a light-conducting element having a plurality of light-coupler-out parts it is beneficial to improve the uniformity of light.
  • the main optical axis of the light passing through at least part of the light coupler and the extension direction of the light output side of the light conducting element intersect, which is beneficial to reduce the thickness of the backlight source in the display device.
  • the propagation mode of the light in the light-conducting element can also be replaced by: the main optical axis of the light passing through at least part of the light coupling-out member is along the extending direction of the light-emitting side of the light-conducting element, as shown in FIG. 34 shown.
  • the last light outcoupling member in the sequential propagation direction of the light rays may include a transflective element and/or a reflective film.
  • the reflective film may allow the last light outcoupling member to have the greatest reflectivity among the plurality of light outcoupling members, and/or the reflective film may reflect all or substantially all light incident thereon or selected light. Substantially all reflections may be considered to be all reflections within an error tolerance.
  • the selected light may be selected polarized light, eg, may be P-polarized light or S-polarized light or other polarized light, or light of a specific wavelength, or polarized light of a specific wavelength.
  • the last optocoupler outgoing piece adopts a reflective film, which is beneficial to improve the light reflectivity of the last optocoupler outgoing piece, thereby helping to improve light efficiency, improve brightness, and reduce power consumption.
  • the reflective film includes, for example, a selectively reflective film and/or a non-selective reflective film.
  • the selectively reflective film can include a polarized reflective film, eg, the polarized reflective film can include a polarized transflective film and/or a polarized absorbing film.
  • the selective reflection film may include a polarized reflection film as well as a wavelength selective reflection film.
  • a gas eg, air
  • a transparent optical medium eg, a polymer material, glass, or quartz, etc.
  • the reflective film is a plated reflective film, an attached reflective film, or a separately provided reflective film.
  • the reflective film provided by plating or attached can be provided on the transparent optical medium of the light conducting element; the reflective film provided separately can be not attached to the transparent optical medium, for example, the reflective film provided separately can be in direct contact with gas (for example).
  • the main optical axis of the light passing through part of the light out-coupling member and the extending direction of the light-emitting side of the light conducting element may intersect or be approximately along the light-emitting side. direction of extension.
  • the display device includes a display panel and a backlight
  • the display panel includes a display surface and a backside opposite to the display surface
  • the backlight is located on the backside of the display panel, and the outgoing light emitted from the light-emitting side of the backlight passes through the display After the panel gets the image light.
  • the backlight source may be an edge-type backlight source, for example, the light source part 100 included in the backlight source is incident to the light conducting element from the side of the light conducting element.
  • the source light of the backlight includes a first polarized light component and a second polarized light component, the first polarized light and the second polarized light have different polarization states, and the outgoing light emitted from the light outgoing side of the backlight source
  • the light is polarized light and includes one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
  • the source light of the backlight is, for example, unpolarized light, which includes a first polarized light component and a second polarized light component.
  • the display panel includes a light incident side polarizer and a light exit side polarizer, and the unpolarized source light of the backlight is converted into polarized outgoing light, which can improve the efficiency of the outgoing light of the backlight. Display panel utilization.
  • one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is S-polarized light, and the other is P-polarized light.
  • the first and second polarized light may also be other types of polarized light.
  • the polarization state of the polarized light incident on the polarized reflective film is the same as the polarization state of the outgoing light emitted from the light outgoing side of the backlight.
  • both the polarized light incident on the polarized reflective film and the outgoing light from the light outgoing side of the backlight are P-polarized light or both are S-polarized light.
  • the backlight source may further include a light conversion device, and the light conversion device includes a polarization beam splitting element and a polarization conversion element.
  • the polarization beam splitting element is configured to divide the source light incident to the polarization beam splitter element into first polarized light and second polarized light
  • the polarization conversion element is configured to convert one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light into the other polarized light
  • the display panel is configured to generate image light using one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light.
  • the light conversion device may further include a reflective element in addition to the polarization beam splitting element and the polarization conversion element, and the reflective element is configured to reflect the first polarized light or the second polarized light obtained by the polarization beam splitting element after spectroscopic processing .
  • the light converting device may include a first element and a second element, or a first element, a second element and a third element.
  • the first element 310 may include a polarization beam splitter element
  • the second element 320 may include a reflective element
  • one of the first element 310 and the second element 320 may include a polarization conversion element .
  • the first element 310 (not shown in FIG. 14 ) may include a polarization beam splitting element
  • the second element 320 may include a reflective element
  • the third element 400 may include a polarization conversion element .
  • the first element 51 may include a polarization beam splitting element
  • the second element 52 may include a reflective element
  • the third element 53 may include a polarization conversion element.
  • one of the first polarized light 1001 and the second polarized light 1002 obtained by the splitting process may be reflected by a reflective element (eg, see 320 in FIGS. 14 to 21 and 52 in FIG. 29 ) and then be reflected by a polarization conversion element (see, for example, 320 in FIG. 400 in FIGS. 14 to 21 and 53 in FIG. 29 ) converted, or reflected by the reflective element (see 52 in FIG. 30 ) after being converted by the polarization conversion element (see 53 in FIG. 30 ), or after being converted by the polarization conversion element (see 52 in FIG. 30 )
  • the element (see 53 in FIG. 31 ) is then reflected by the reflective element (see 52 in FIG. 31 ) after a first conversion and is then converted a second time by said polarization converting element.
  • the polarization converting element may be a half wave plate or a quarter wave plate.
  • the polarized light obtained after the polarization conversion element converts one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light to the other may be incident on the light guide element 200 ; alternatively, in some embodiments shown in FIGS. 14-21 , it may be that one of the first polarized light and the second polarized light is converted to the other by the polarization conversion element 400 after entering the light conducting element 200 By.
  • the light conducting element 200 includes a plurality of sub-light conducting elements, at least some of which may be arranged in layers or side by side.
  • the plurality of sub-light-conducting elements include a first sub-light-conducting element 2001 and a second sub-light-conducting element 2002 arranged in layers; or, as shown in FIG. 10.
  • the plurality of sub-light-conducting elements include a first sub-light-conducting element 2001 and a second sub-light-conducting element 2002 arranged side by side.
  • the first sub-light-conducting element 2001 and the second sub-light-conducting element 2002 are stacked in layers, as shown in FIGS.
  • the region overlaps with the second light emitting region of the second sub-light conducting element 2002, and the light emitted from one of the first light emitting region and the second light emitting region passes through the polarization conversion element 400 and then propagates to the first light emitting region and the second light emitting region.
  • the first light-emitting area of the first sub-light-conducting element 2001 and the second light-emitting area of the second sub-light-conducting element 2002 overlap, and from the first light-emitting area and the
  • the light emitted from one of the second light emitting regions bypasses the polarization conversion element 400 and propagates to the other of the first light emitting region and the second light emitting region; or, as shown in FIG. 18 and FIG. 2002 in FIG. 18 and the lower sub-light-conducting element in FIG. 24 ) include a light-conducting region and a second light-emitting region sequentially arranged along the extending direction of the second sub-light-conducting element.
  • the polarized light in the second sub-light-conducting element Total reflection and/or non-total reflection in the light-conducting region propagates and propagates to the first sub-light-conducting element (see 2001 in FIG. 18 and the upper sub-light-conducting element in FIG. 24 after propagating to the second light-exiting region).
  • the light-conducting region of the second sub-optical waveguide element overlaps the first light-emitting region of the first sub-optical-waveguide element.
  • the light-guiding element includes the light-guiding element 200 .
  • the first sub-light guiding element may be the first sub-light guiding element
  • the second sub-light guiding element may be the second sub-light guiding element.
  • FIG. 32 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a head-up display provided according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 32 schematically shows that the head-up display includes the display device shown in FIG. 26 , but is not limited thereto, and may also include the display device shown in any example of FIG. 25 or FIG. 27 to FIG. 31 , to which the embodiments of the present disclosure No restrictions apply.
  • the head-up display further includes a reflective imaging part 60 located on the light-emitting side of the display panel 10.
  • the reflective imaging part 60 is configured to reflect the light emitted by the display panel 10 and propagate the reflected light to the eye box area 003, and transmit ambient light.
  • the user located in the eye box area 003 can view the image 004 of the display panel 10 reflected by the reflective imaging part 60 and the environmental scene located on the side of the reflective imaging part 60 away from the eye box area 003 .
  • the image light emitted by the display panel 10 is incident on the reflective imaging part 60, and the light reflected by the reflective imaging part 60 is incident on the user, for example, the eye box area 003 where the driver's eyes are located, and the user can observe the image formed in, for example, the reflective imaging part
  • the virtual image on the outside does not affect the user's observation of the external environment.
  • the above-mentioned eye box area 003 refers to a plane area where the user's eyes are located and the image displayed by the head-up display can be seen.
  • the user's eyes deviate from the center of the eye box area by a certain distance, such as moving up and down, left and right for a certain distance, the user's eyes are still in the eye box area, and the user can still see the image displayed by the head-up display.
  • the reflective imaging portion 60 may be at least one of a windshield (eg, a windshield, such as a front windshield, a side windshield, or a rear windshield) and an imaging window of a motor vehicle
  • a windshield eg, a windshield, such as a front windshield, a side windshield, or a rear windshield
  • an imaging window of a motor vehicle e.g, a windshield head-up display (Windshield-HUD, W-HUD); for example, when the reflection imaging part 60 is an imaging window, it corresponds to a combined head-up display (Combiner-HUD, C -HUD).
  • the reflective imaging part 60 can be a flat plate, forming a virtual image through specular reflection; it can also be a curved surface, such as a windshield or a transparent imaging plate with curvature, which can provide farther imaging Distance and magnification effects.
  • the transportation equipment includes a head-up display provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, or includes a display device provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the viewing window of the traffic device is multiplexed into the reflection imaging section 60 of the head-up display.
  • a front window of a traffic device eg, a front windshield
  • the reflective imaging portion 60 of the head-up display is multiplexed as the reflective imaging portion 60 of the head-up display.
  • the transportation equipment may be various suitable vehicles, for example, may include various types of land transportation equipment such as automobiles, or may be water transportation equipment such as boats, or may be air transportation equipment such as airplanes.
  • front window and transmits the image onto the front window through the on-board display system.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Instrument Panels (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil d'affichage, un affichage tête haute et un dispositif de transport. L'appareil d'affichage comprend un écran d'affichage (10) et une source de rétroéclairage (20). La source de rétroéclairage (20) est située sur le côté arrière de l'écran d'affichage (10). La source de rétroéclairage (20) comprend une partie de source de lumière (100) et un élément de guide d'ondes optique (200) ; l'élément de guide d'ondes optique (200) comprend une région de sortie de lumière et un réseau de composants de découplage optique. Le réseau de composants de découplage optique comprend de multiples composants de découplage optique. La lumière incidente sur l'élément de guide d'ondes optique (200) est totalement réfléchie plusieurs fois au moins au niveau de la région de sortie de lumière de l'élément de guide d'ondes optique (200) après avoir pénétré dans l'élément de guide d'ondes optique (200), et se propage de manière séquentielle vers les multiples composants de découplage optique du réseau de composants de découplage optique ; une partie de la lumière se propageant vers les composants de découplage optique du réseau de composants de découplage optique est réfléchie hors de la région de sortie de lumière de l'élément de guide d'ondes optique (200) par les composants de découplage optique, puis passe à travers l'écran d'affichage (10), et l'autre partie de la lumière se propageant vers les composants de découplage optique du réseau de composants de découplage optique continue à se propager dans l'élément de guide d'ondes optique (200) après passage à travers les composants de découplage optique. En fournissant l'élément de guide d'ondes optique (200) dans la source de rétroéclairage (20), l'effet d'affichage et la portabilité de l'appareil d'affichage peuvent être améliorés.
PCT/CN2022/074993 2021-02-10 2022-01-29 Appareil d'affichage, affichage tête haute et dispositif de transport WO2022171031A1 (fr)

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