WO2022170889A1 - 保温系统、可拆卸式阀门保冷装置以及管道伴热装置 - Google Patents

保温系统、可拆卸式阀门保冷装置以及管道伴热装置 Download PDF

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WO2022170889A1
WO2022170889A1 PCT/CN2022/070003 CN2022070003W WO2022170889A1 WO 2022170889 A1 WO2022170889 A1 WO 2022170889A1 CN 2022070003 W CN2022070003 W CN 2022070003W WO 2022170889 A1 WO2022170889 A1 WO 2022170889A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
thermal insulation
corrosion
protective layer
pipeline
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PCT/CN2022/070003
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐正强
何天祥
徐卫海
刘慧杰
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徐正强
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Priority claimed from CN202110181455.8A external-priority patent/CN112856106A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202110695184.8A external-priority patent/CN113339563B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202110781910.8A external-priority patent/CN113464772A/zh
Application filed by 徐正强 filed Critical 徐正强
Publication of WO2022170889A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022170889A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/08—Guiding yokes for spindles; Means for closing housings; Dust caps, e.g. for tyre valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/12—Arrangements for supporting insulation from the wall or body insulated, e.g. by means of spacers between pipe and heat-insulating material; Arrangements specially adapted for supporting insulated bodies
    • F16L59/135—Hangers or supports specially adapted for insulated pipes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of pipeline thermal insulation devices, in particular to an anti-corrosion and energy-saving thermal insulation system which is suitable not only for straight pipeline sealing chambers but also for breakpoint sealing chambers.
  • the outer surface of the traced pipeline often corrodes under the thermal insulation layer, and the traced pipeline forms a high-temperature and high-humidity airtight environment under the action of the external thermal insulation layer, resulting in the traced pipeline being traced. Corrosion of heat pipes. Due to the needs of waterproofing and aesthetics, an aluminum plate protective layer is usually wrapped on the outside of the thermal insulation layer, so the corrosion under the thermal insulation layer cannot be found in time. Very serious, and even a safety accident has occurred.
  • the traditional way to prevent corrosion under insulation is to add coatings to the outside of metal pipes.
  • the coating is usually an organic coating, such as epoxy coating, with epoxy resin as the main film-forming material.
  • epoxy resins are resistant to chemical corrosion and wear resistance, but when the temperature of the thermal insulation environment fluctuates, the epoxy coating It can become very brittle and even crack, carbonizing the polymer and causing the coating to fail.
  • Epoxy phenolic coating is another commonly used coating material. It is easy to maintain and has excellent anti-corrosion properties.
  • thermal insulation structure is complex, It increases the difficulty of construction and labor costs, as well as the difficulty of inspection and maintenance in the later stage; the outer protective layer is exposed for a long time, and it will crack and sink under severe weather conditions such as wind and rain, which cannot be isolated from the air; the vacuum interlayer is in the Air leakage will inevitably occur during long-term use, resulting in the deterioration of cooling performance.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat preservation system, a detachable valve cold preservation device and a pipeline heat tracing device.
  • the heat preservation system can be applied to the heat preservation of pipes and other devices in different use environments, different medium temperatures, different models and specifications, and simultaneously solves the problem of
  • the traditional thermal insulation device has engineering problems such as high energy consumption, low reuse rate, high maintenance cost, high construction intensity, and difficulty in on-site disassembly and assembly. It solves the problems of poor heat tracing effect of traditional heat tracing devices, too large device volume, low installation accuracy at the heat tracing construction site, and low installation efficiency.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:
  • the anti-corrosion and energy-saving thermal insulation system is not only suitable for the sealed cavity of straight pipelines, but also suitable for the sealed cavity of breakpoints; the thermal insulation system has no insulation for other straight pipes except for the structures such as elbows, valves, pipe supports or flanges that must be disassembled separately. Breakpoint; at the breakpoint, it can be disassembled separately, or the insulation box can be made separately.
  • the insulation system uses a completely sealed structure at the breakpoint, so that the inner side of the pipeline insulation is dry and airtight, thereby completely preventing the occurrence of corrosion under the insulation layer.
  • the thermal insulation system is closely arranged outside the heat tracing device, and the thermal insulation inner layer and the thermal insulation outer layer are sequentially arranged outside the thermal tracing device; carbon dioxide is filled between the thermal insulation inner layer and the thermal insulation outer layer, and the thermal insulation inner layer and the thermal insulation
  • the humidity measuring device is equipped with a thermistor test paper or color-changing silica gel.
  • the humidity measuring device is built in between the observation window and the wooden water absorption device, and an observation window is provided on the heat preservation outer layer at a position corresponding to the humidity measuring device.
  • the humidity measuring device is externally placed in the heat preservation system, inserted into the heat preservation system through the reserved hole on the support side plate, and the connection between the reserved hole on the support side plate and the humidity measuring device is sealed with anti-corrosion sealant.
  • the straight seam of the thermal insulation outer layer is sealed by means of up and down overlapping; There are also bolts running through the middle; anti-corrosion sealants are arranged in the passages through the bolts; the bolts are combined with gaskets and anti-corrosion sealants to form a double sealing system to fasten and seal the thermal insulation system.
  • the thermal insulation system can be prefabricated, and the thermal insulation outer layer is composed of two symmetrical upper and lower petals; a rubber pad is arranged between the upper protective layer and the lower protective layer, and the bolts are combined with the gasket to form a sealing system to fasten and seal the thermal insulation system.
  • the heat-tracing device is a straight pipe, the straight pipe is provided with a hard thermal insulation layer, and the end of the thermal insulation system is provided with a supporting side plate.
  • the sealant is used for sealing, fully considering wind and water resistance, and preventing the outer protective layer from breaking and deforming due to thermal expansion and cold contraction; the supporting side plate and the thermal insulation system are connected to each other, and the joint is provided with an anti-corrosion protective layer, and is provided with Corrugated rubber tube, the joint is sealed with anti-corrosion sealant.
  • a corrugated pipe is arranged according to the length of the straight pipe to prevent lateral rupture and deformation of the outer protective layer caused by thermal expansion and cold contraction.
  • the observation window is tightly arranged on the thermal insulation outer layer through the anti-corrosion sealant.
  • An anti-corrosion layer is arranged on the thermal insulation outer layer to form a secondary seal and fully isolate moist air and water.
  • the detachable valve cooling device is a symmetrical two-lobed structure, which is arranged outside the low-temperature valve and low-temperature pipeline. and rubber and plastic cold insulation layer;
  • the detachable valve cold insulation device is composed of an outer protective layer and a thermal insulation support to form a closed structure; the inner wall of the outer protective layer is fixedly provided with a glass wool outer protective layer; the flange of the low temperature valve, the outer protective layer and the thermal insulation support Tightly filled with a detachable aerogel cold insulation layer; the insulation support, the low temperature pipeline and the flange bolts are tightly filled with a detachable glass wool cold insulation layer, which can be easily disassembled and replaced, and can improve the efficiency of inspection and maintenance.
  • the other outer walls of the valve are filled with rubber and plastic cold insulation layers, which can reduce the number of replacements and improve the economy.
  • the thermal insulation support is a composite thermal insulation structure mainly composed of aerogel.
  • the aerogel is provided with two or more layers, and the layers are installed on the outer wall of the low-temperature pipeline with staggered seams.
  • the aluminum foil cloth is used to achieve complete sealing, and the outside of the aluminum foil cloth is provided with a binding tape; the aerogel is tightly fixed on the low-temperature pipeline by the binding tape to ensure that there is no gap between the layers of the aerogel, and the thermal insulation support can bear 100kg, which can effectively It prevents other structural layers from sinking, and at the same time plays a role in connecting with the low-temperature pipeline;
  • the aerogel cold insulation layer is provided with two or more layers, which are installed on the flange of the low temperature valve by layering and staggered. There are binding tapes; the aerogel cold insulation layer is tightly fixed on the flange of the cryogenic valve by the binding tapes.
  • the pipeline heating device is arranged between the heating pipeline and the pipeline to be traced, and is closely attached to the two; the outer surface of the pipeline heating device is provided with a convex structure, and is provided with a metal binding belt to pass through. There is a force point between the convex structure and the metal binding belt, and the convex structure extruded by force will deform locally under the synergistic effect of the metal binding belt and the force point, which makes the pipeline heating device A tight fit is achieved while being tightly connected to the heat tracing pipe.
  • the inner surface of the pipeline heat tracing device is provided with a groove-type structure, and the groove-type structure is coated with heat-conducting glue. Not easy to run off, in order to achieve the effect of heat tracing.
  • the anti-corrosion and energy-saving thermal insulation system of the present invention is not only suitable for the sealing cavity of straight pipelines, but also suitable for the sealing cavity of breakpoints, so that the heat tracing device can be kept dry during the service life, which can not only prevent the corrosion under the insulation layer, Energy savings can also be achieved due to the low thermal conductivity of the dry environment.
  • the thermal insulation system can form a separate sealed cavity, and the thermal insulation structure can be prefabricated in the factory, saving on-site production time and improving installation work efficiency; and can be disassembled separately without affecting the thermal insulation effect of other places.
  • the anti-corrosion and energy-saving thermal insulation system integrates the functions of waterproofing, thermal insulation, heat insulation, and energy saving. It can replace the traditional waterproof thermal insulation device. It has a wide range of applications and has great market promotion value.
  • the detachable valve cold insulation device of the present invention can realize the functions of quick maintenance and installation through the detachable cold insulation layer; It realizes the function of airtight and cold preservation; the detachable valve cold preservation device makes the equipment such as the cold preservation valve work more effectively, prolongs the service life, improves the safety of use, and reduces the economic cost.
  • the pipe heat tracing device of the present invention adopts metal binding tape to fasten the heat tracing device and the heat tracing pipe, so that the tightening force between the heat tracing pipe and the heat tracing device is more uniform, the installation is more convenient, and the strength is guaranteed at the same time.
  • a small amount of deformation can be carried out, so that the heat tracing device and the heat tracing pipe are perfectly fitted, and the heat will not be lost during the heat transfer process, so as to achieve the heat tracing effect.
  • the pipeline heat tracing device reduces its own weight and cost from the structure. There are clear on-site installation standards for pipeline heat tracing devices, which have been fully fitted as acceptance standards.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an anti-corrosion and energy-saving thermal insulation system
  • Fig. 2 is the partial structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of a prefabricated anti-corrosion and energy-saving thermal insulation system
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the anti-corrosion and energy-saving thermal insulation system
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a humidity measuring device externally placed in an anti-corrosion and energy-saving thermal insulation system
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the application of the anti-corrosion and energy-saving thermal insulation system
  • 1-insulation inner layer 2-wood water absorption device; 3-carbon dioxide; 4-insulation outer layer; 5-humidity measuring device; 6-observation window; 7-bolt; 8-gasket; 10-hard thermal insulation layer; 11-anti-corrosion sealant; 12-corrugated rubber pipe; 13-anti-corrosion protection layer; 14-corrugated pipe; 15-upper protection layer; 16-lower protection layer; 17-pipe insulation; 18 - Elbow insulation; 19- Valve insulation box; 20- Pipe support insulation box; 21- Flange insulation box.
  • Fig. 7 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the detachable valve cooling device
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal insulation support
  • Fig. 9 is the assembly drawing of aerogel cold insulation layer or aerogel
  • Fig. 10 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the lap joint of two flaps of the outer protective layer
  • 1-low temperature valve 2-viscous glue; 3-outer protection layer; 4-outer protection layer mounting bolts; 5-glass wool outer protection layer; 6-aerogel cold insulation layer; 7-insulation support; 8-low temperature Pipe; 9-glass wool cold insulation layer; 10-flange bolt; 11-rubber plastic cold insulation layer; 12-removable clamp handle; 13-removable bolt; 14-removable clamp body; 15-outer protective layer installation cover ; 701 - binding tape; 702 - aluminum foil cloth; 703 - aerogel.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a pipeline heat tracing device
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a pipeline heating device disposed between the heating pipeline and the pipeline to be traced;
  • 1-metal binding tape 2-pipe heating device; 3-heat-tracing pipe; 4-heat-conducting cement; 5-heat-tracing pipe; 201-protruding structure; 202-groove structure; 203-preheating Leave holes; 204-stress point.
  • the heat tracing device includes: pipelines, elbows, valves, pipe supports or flanges; the heat preservation system is closely arranged outside the heat tracing device, and the heat tracing device is arranged in sequence outside the heat tracing device There are thermal insulation inner layer 1 and thermal insulation outer layer 4; carbon dioxide 3 is filled between thermal insulation inner layer 1 and thermal insulation outer layer 4, and wooden water absorption device 2 is also arranged between thermal insulation inner layer 1 and thermal insulation outer layer 4; humidity measuring device 5 There is a thermistor test paper or color-changing silica gel in the middle.
  • the humidity measuring device 5 is built in between the observation window 6 and the wooden water absorbing device 2 , and an observation window 6 is provided on the heat insulating outer layer 4 at a position corresponding to the humidity measuring device 5 .
  • the observation window 6 is tightly arranged on the thermal insulation outer layer 4 through anti-corrosion sealant.
  • the thermal insulation outer layer 4 is provided with an anti-corrosion layer.
  • the straight seam of the thermal insulation outer layer 4 is sealed by means of up and down overlapping;
  • the middle of the inner and outer bending structure of the layer also runs through a bolt 7;
  • the passage through the bolt 7 is provided with anti-corrosion sealant;
  • the bolt 7 combines with the sealing gasket 8 and the anti-corrosion sealant to form a double sealing system to fasten and seal the thermal insulation system.
  • the thermal insulation outer layer 4 is composed of two symmetrical upper and lower petals; a rubber gasket is arranged between the upper protective layer 15 and the lower protective layer 16 , and the bolts 7 combine with the gasket to form a sealing system to fasten the thermal insulation system seal.
  • the heat tracing device is a straight pipe, a hard heat insulation layer 10 is arranged on the straight pipe, and a support side plate 9 is arranged at the end of the heat preservation system, which supports the side plate 9 and the hard heat insulation layer. 10 are connected with each other, and the joint is sealed by anti-corrosion sealant 11; the supporting side plate 9 is connected with the thermal insulation system, and the joint is provided with an anti-corrosion protective layer 13 and a corrugated rubber tube 12, and the joint is sealed with anti-corrosion sealant 11. seal.
  • a corrugated pipe 14 is provided according to the length of the straight pipe.
  • the humidity measuring device 5 is externally placed in the heat preservation system, and inserted into the heat preservation system through the reserved hole on the supporting side plate 9 to measure the humidity of the heat preservation inner layer 1 and the wooden water absorption device 2 .
  • the connection between the reserved hole on the supporting side plate 9 and the humidity measuring device 5 is sealed by the anti-corrosion sealant 11 .
  • the anti-corrosion and energy-saving thermal insulation system can be applied to pipeline thermal insulation 17 , elbow thermal insulation 18 , valve thermal insulation box 19 , pipe support thermal insulation box 20 , and flange thermal insulation box 21 .
  • thermal insulation inner layer 1 on the straight pipe, use electric heating, install the non-toxic and pollution-free wooden water absorption device 2 after heating and drying, and install the humidity measuring device 5 on the wooden water absorption device 2, and then install the thermal insulation outer layer 2.
  • One end of the tube is filled with carbon dioxide 3 between the thermal insulation inner layer 1 and the thermal insulation outer layer 2 , and the humidity measuring device 5 can be viewed at any time through the observation window 6 arranged on the thermal insulation outer layer 4 .
  • the detachable valve cooling device is a left-right symmetrical two-lobed structure, which is arranged outside the low-temperature valve 1 and the low-temperature pipeline 8, and mainly includes an outer protective layer 3, a glass wool outer protective layer 5, and aerogel.
  • the detachable valve cooling device is composed of an outer protective layer 3 and a heat preservation support 7 to form a closed structure; a glass wool outer protective layer 5 is fixed on the inner wall of the outer protective layer 3; the flange and the outer protective layer of the low temperature valve 1 3 and the thermal insulation support 7 are tightly filled with a detachable aerogel cold insulation layer 6; the thermal insulation support 7, the low temperature pipeline 8 and the flange bolt 10 are tightly filled with a removable glass wool cold insulation layer 9, and the low temperature valve The other outer walls of 1 are filled with a rubber-plastic cold insulation layer 11 .
  • a viscous glue 2 is arranged at the contact between the low temperature valve 1 and the outer protective layer 3; a viscous glue 2 is arranged at the contact between the outer protective layer 3 and the thermal insulation support 7; the contact between the thermal insulation support 7 and the low temperature pipeline 8 Set with sticky glue 2.
  • the thermal insulation support 7 is a composite thermal insulation structure mainly composed of aerogels 703 .
  • the aerogels 703 are provided with two or more layers, and are installed on the outer wall of the low-temperature pipeline 8 with staggered layers.
  • the outside of the aerogel 703 is covered with an aluminum foil cloth 702, and the outside of the aluminum foil cloth 702 is provided with a binding tape 701; the aerogel 703 is tightly fixed on the cryogenic pipe 8 by the binding tape 701;
  • the aerogel cold insulation layer 6 is provided with two or more layers, which are installed on the flange of the low temperature valve 1 with staggered seams. Binding tape; The aerogel cold insulation layer 6 is tightly fixed on the flange of the cryogenic valve 1 through the binding tape.
  • the aerogel 703 or the aerogel cold insulating layer 6 is pre-fixed into a prefabricated structure by a special fixture, and then installed to the corresponding position; the detachable body 14 of the special fixture remains in the prefabricated structure, and the special fixture
  • the detachable clamp handle 12 can be connected with the detachable clamp body 14 through the detachable bolt 13, so as to realize the overall disassembly of the prefabricated structure.
  • the outer protective layer 3 is provided with adhesive glue 2 at the lap joint of the two flaps, and an outer protective layer installation cover plate 15 is arranged outside the adhesive glue 2 , and the outer protective layer installation cover plate 15 passes through
  • the outer protective layer mounting bolts 4 are fixedly arranged on the outer protective layer 3 .
  • Two or more layers of aerogel 703 or aerogel cold insulation layer 6 are pre-fixed by special clamps by means of staggered installation between layers, and the outer surface of the aerogel is covered with aluminum foil cloth 702, and then used
  • the binding tape 701 is tightly wrapped, so that the layers are in close contact with each other, presenting a vacuum state.
  • the detachable clamping body 14 of the special fixture remains in the prefabricated structure, and the detachable clamping handle 12 of the special fixture can be connected with the detachable clamping body 14 through the detachable bolt 13.
  • only the detachable bolt 13 is needed, namely The overall disassembly of the prefabricated structure can be realized.
  • the aerogel prefabricated structure is installed on the low temperature pipeline 8 to form the thermal insulation support 7; the glass wool cold insulation layer 9 is tightly filled between the thermal insulation support 7, the low temperature pipeline 8 and the flange bolts 10, and the rubber-plastic cold insulation layer 11 is tightly packed Fill the other outer walls of the cryogenic valve 1 to round the shape of the filled valve, and then install the aerogel prefabricated structure on the flange of the cryogenic valve 1 to form the aerogel cold insulation layer 6 .
  • a glass wool outer protective layer 5 is fixed on the inner wall of the outer protective layer 3, and the outer protective layer 3 is tightly sheathed on the outside of the thermal insulation support 7 and the aerogel cold insulation layer 6, and the two flaps of the outer protective layer 3 are overlapped.
  • glue 2 and an outer protective layer installation cover 15 is installed outside the adhesive glue 2 , and the outer protective layer installation cover 15 is fixed on the outer protective layer 3 by the outer protective layer installation bolts 4 .
  • the contact between the low temperature valve and the outer protective layer is provided with viscous glue; the contact between the outer protective layer and the thermal insulation support is provided with viscous glue; the contact between the thermal insulation support and the low temperature pipeline is provided with viscous glue, so as to be completely isolated from the air.
  • the pipeline heating device 2 is arranged between the heating pipeline 3 and the pipeline to be traced 5, and is in close contact with the two; the outer surface of the pipeline heating device 2 is provided with protrusions There is a force point 204 between the convex structure 201 and the metal binding tape 1, and the convex structure 201 squeezed by force is in the metal Under the synergistic action of the binding tape 1 and the force point 204, local deformation occurs, so that the pipe heat tracing device 2 and the heat tracing pipe 3 are tightly connected while achieving a tight fit.
  • the inner surface of the pipeline heat tracing device 2 is provided with a groove-type structure 202, and the groove-type structure 202 is coated with thermally conductive cement 4.
  • the heat pipe 3 fits snugly.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

公开了一种基于防腐节能的保温系统、可拆卸式阀门保冷装置和管道伴热装置。保温系统包括保温内层（1）、保温外层（4）、观察窗（6）、湿度测量装置（5）和填充在保温内层和保温外层之间的二氧化碳（3）、木质吸水装置（2）。保冷装置为左右对称的两瓣式结构，包括外保护层、玻璃棉外保护层、气凝胶保冷层、保温支撑（7）、玻璃棉保冷层（9）和橡塑保冷层（11）。管道伴热装置的外表面设置有凸起型结构（201），并设置有供金属绑扎带穿过的预留孔（203）。该保温系统可杜绝保温层下的腐蚀。保冷装置可方便拆卸与更换。管道伴热装置与伴热管道紧固连接的同时达到紧密贴合。

Description

保温系统、可拆卸式阀门保冷装置以及管道伴热装置 技术领域
本发明涉及管道保温装置领域，具体来说涉及一种不仅适用于直管道密封腔，还适用于断点密封腔的防腐节能的保温系统。
背景技术
在现有保温系统中，被伴热管道的外表面经常会发生保温层下腐蚀的现象，被伴热管道在外加的保温层的作用下形成了一个高温高湿的密闭环境，从而导致被伴热管道的腐蚀。由于防水和美观的需求，通常在保温层外部包裹有铝板保护层，因此导致这种保温层下腐蚀无法及时被发现，而当保温层下腐蚀被发现时，通常被伴热管道已被腐蚀得很严重，甚至已发生安全事故。
传统的防止保温层下腐蚀的方法是在金属管道外部增加涂层。涂层通常为有机涂层，例如环氧涂层，以环氧树脂为主要成膜物，多数环氧树脂都耐化学腐蚀且耐磨，但是当保温环境的温度出现波动时，环氧涂层会变得非常脆甚至产生裂纹，从而使聚合物碳化致使涂层失效。环氧酚醛涂料是另外一种常用的涂层材料，它易于维修且防腐蚀性能优异，可用于150℃以下工况的热作钢设备；酚醛型环氧树脂的服役温度可达到204℃，有良好的耐酸性、耐水性和抗渗透性能，但涂层的厚度以及喷涂工艺要求严格，在热循环和热冲击下抵抗力差。
对于石化行业而言，保温层下的腐蚀还有其特殊性——由于石化行业涉及到很多不同工艺，因此在保温层下的钢制管道往往还要经历热循环的过程。而对于传统涂层而言，由于涂层与钢铁的热膨胀系数不同，在经历热循环的 过程中往往会导致涂层内应力的增加，最终造成涂层的早期失效。
目前，在保冷领域中所使用的保冷装置大多采用聚氨酯、泡沫玻璃板、膨胀珍珠岩隔热层等材料抽真空或金属薄膜抽真空制成隔热层进行保冷，其缺点在于：保温结构复杂，增加了施工难度和人工成本，同时增加了后期的检测维修难度；外保护层长期暴露，在风雨等恶劣天气状况下会开裂、下沉等，并不能起到与空气隔绝的作用；真空夹层在长久使用中会不可避免地漏气，导致保冷性能衰减。
目前在管道伴热技术中采用的伴热方法主要有两种：一种是使用铁丝捆绑伴热管和被伴热管，使二者固定以达到伴热效果；另一种是使用伴热装置连接伴热管和被伴热管，并且用螺栓将二者进行紧固以达到伴热效果。这两种伴热方法有以下缺点：1、直接用铁丝捆绑导致伴热管和被伴热管，接触面积小，基本上为点接触，达不到伴热效果；2、用螺栓紧固连接伴热装置与伴热管，虽提升了接触面积，但是无法达到紧密贴合，导致热量损失严重，也达不到伴热效果；3、用螺栓紧固连接伴热装置与伴热管，螺栓直接与伴热管接触，长时间会导致螺栓紧固力不足或管托开口变大；4、螺栓紧固安装没有合适的紧固力，安装精度不够，无安装标准；5、螺栓紧固安装要求伴热装置有相应的厚度，导致零件笨重，成本高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种保温系统、可拆卸式阀门保冷装置以及管道伴热装置，本保温系统可应用于不同使用环境、不同介质温度、不同型号规格的管道及其他装置的保温，同时解决传统保温装置能耗高、重复利用率低、维护成本高、施工强度大、现场拆装困难等工程问题。解决传统伴热装置伴 热效果差、装置体积过于巨大、在伴热施工现场安装精度不高、安装效率低下等问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
防腐节能的保温系统不仅适用于直管道密封腔，还适用于断点密封腔；保温系统除必须要单独拆卸的弯头、阀门、管托或法兰等结构处以外，其他直管保温均无断点；在断点处可单独拆卸，或者单独制作保温盒，保温系统在断点处使用完全密封的结构，使管道保温内侧干燥密闭，从而彻底防止保温层下腐蚀现象的出现。
保温系统紧密设置在被伴热装置的外部，被伴热装置外依次设置有保温内层和保温外层；所述保温内层和保温外层之间填充有二氧化碳，所述保温内层和保温外层之间还设置有无毒无污染的木质吸水装置；湿度测量装置中设置有热敏电阻试纸或变色硅胶，当保温系统的内部湿度发生变化时，木质吸水装置就会敏锐的感受到这一变化，湿度测量装置中的热敏电阻试纸或变色硅胶便会发生颜色或形态变化。
湿度测量装置内置于观察窗与木质吸水装置之间，所述保温外层上与湿度测量装置相对应的位置设置有观察窗。
湿度测量装置外置于保温系统，通过支撑侧板上的预留孔插入保温系统，支撑侧板上的预留孔与湿度测量装置的衔接处通过防腐密封胶进行密封。
所述保温外层的直缝处采用上下搭接的方式进行密封；上下搭接处为多层内外折弯结构，多层内外折弯结构的中间设置有密封垫，多层内外折弯结构的中间还贯穿有螺栓；贯穿螺栓的通道中设置有防腐密封胶；螺栓结合密封垫和防腐密封胶形成双密封系统，对保温系统进行紧固密封。
保温系统可预制，所述保温外层由相互对称的上下两瓣组成；上保护层和下保护层的中间设置有橡胶垫，螺栓结合密封垫形成密封系统，对保温系统进行紧固密封。
被伴热装置为直管，在直管上设置有硬质隔热层，在保温系统的端部设置有支撑侧板，所述支撑侧板与硬质隔热层相互衔接，衔接处通过防腐密封胶进行密封，充分考虑防风防水，并且防止热胀冷缩带来外保护层承受力量产生断裂变形；所述支撑侧板与保温系统相互衔接，衔接处设置有防腐蚀保护层，并设置有波纹橡胶管，衔接处通过防腐密封胶进行密封。
在所述直管的管道方向上，根据直管长度设置有波纹管，防止热胀冷缩引起外保护层横向断裂变形。
所述观察窗通过防腐密封胶紧密设置在保温外层上。
所述保温外层上设置有防腐层，形成二次密封，充分隔绝潮湿空气和水。
可拆卸式阀门保冷装置为左右对称的两瓣式结构，设置在低温阀门和低温管道的外部，主要包括外保护层、玻璃棉外保护层、气凝胶保冷层、保温支撑、玻璃棉保冷层和橡塑保冷层；
所述可拆卸式阀门保冷装置由外保护层和保温支撑组成密闭结构；所述外保护层的内壁上固定设置有玻璃棉外保护层；低温阀门的法兰、外保护层和保温支撑之间紧密填充有可拆卸的气凝胶保冷层；所述保温支撑、低温管道和法兰螺栓之间紧密填充有可拆卸的玻璃棉保冷层，可方便拆卸与更换，能够提高检测维修的效率，低温阀门的其他外壁上填充有橡塑保冷层，可减少更换次数，能够提高经济性。
所述保温支撑为主要由气凝胶组成的复合式保温结构，所述气凝胶设置 有两层或多层，分层错缝安装在低温管道的外壁上，气凝胶的外部包覆有铝箔布以实现完全密封，铝箔布的外部设置有绑扎带；气凝胶通过绑扎带紧密固定在低温管道上，确保气凝胶的层与层之间无缝隙，保温支撑可承重100kg，能够有效的阻止其他结构层下沉，同时起到与低温管道的衔接作用；
所述气凝胶保冷层设置有两层或多层，分层错缝安装在低温阀门的法兰上，气凝胶保冷层的外部包覆有铝箔布以实现完全密封，铝箔布的外部设置有绑扎带；气凝胶保冷层通过绑扎带紧密固定在低温阀门的法兰上。
管道伴热装置设置在伴热管道和被伴热管道之间，并与二者紧密贴合；所述管道伴热装置的外表面设置有凸起型结构，并设置有供金属绑扎带穿过的预留孔；凸起型结构与金属绑扎带之间存在受力点，受力挤压的凸起型结构在金属绑扎带与受力点的协同作用下发生局部变形，使管道伴热装置与伴热管道紧固连接的同时达到紧密贴合。
所述管道伴热装置内表面设置有凹槽型结构，凹槽型结构中涂抹有导热胶泥，在导热胶泥的作用下，受力挤压的管道伴热装置能与伴热管紧密贴合，热量不易流失，以达到伴热效果。
本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)本发明所述的防腐节能的保温系统不仅适用于直管道密封腔，还适用于断点密封腔，使得被伴热装置在寿命期内保持干燥，不但可以杜绝保温层下的腐蚀，还可以因为干燥环境带来的低导热系数来实现节能。本保温系统能够形成单独密封腔，且保温结构可以在工厂预制，节约现场制作工期，提高安装工作效率；并能够单独拆卸而不会影响其他地方的保温效果。本防腐节能的保温系统集防水、保温、隔热、节能等功能为一体，可代替传统的 防水保温装置，适用范围广泛，具有很大的市场推广价值。
(2)本发明所述的可拆卸式阀门保冷装置能够通过可拆卸的保冷层实现快速检修和安装的功能；可拆卸的保冷层与固定为一个整体的外保护层结合粘性胶同时使用，完整的实现了密闭保冷的功能；可拆卸式阀门保冷装置使得被保冷阀门等设备能够更有效的工作，延长使用寿命、提高使用安全、降低经济成本。
(3)本发明所述的管道伴热装置采用金属绑扎带紧固伴热装置与伴热管，使伴热管和伴热装置之间的紧固力更加均匀，安装更加方便，在保证强度的同时可进行微量的形变，使伴热装置与伴热管完美贴合，热量传递过程中不会流失，以达到伴热效果。管道伴热装置从结构上减轻自身重量，降低了成本。管道伴热装置有明确的现场安装标准，已完全贴合为验收标准。
附图说明
图1为防腐节能的保温系统的剖视图；
图2为图1的局部结构示意图；
图3为预制的防腐节能的保温系统的剖视图；
图4为防腐节能的保温系统的端部结构示意图；
图5为湿度测量装置外置于防腐节能的保温系统的剖视图；
图6为防腐节能的保温系统的应用示意图；
其中，1-保温内层；2-木质吸水装置；3-二氧化碳；4-保温外层；5-湿度测量装置；6-观察窗；7-螺栓；8-密封垫；9-支撑侧板；10-硬质隔热层；11-防腐密封胶；12-波纹橡胶管；13-防腐蚀保护层；14-波纹管；15-上保护层；16-下保护层；17-管道保温；18-弯头保温；19-阀门保温盒；20-管托保温盒； 21-法兰保温盒。
图7为可拆卸式阀门保冷装置的剖面结构示意图；
图8为保温支撑的结构示意图；
图9为气凝胶保冷层或气凝胶的装配图；
图10为外保护层两瓣搭接处的剖面结构示意图；
其中，1-低温阀门；2-粘性胶；3-外保护层；4-外保护层安装螺栓；5-玻璃棉外保护层；6-气凝胶保冷层；7-保温支撑；8-低温管道；9-玻璃棉保冷层；10-法兰螺栓；11-橡塑保冷层；12-可拆卸夹柄；13-可拆卸螺栓；14-可拆卸夹身；15-外保护层安装盖板；701-绑扎带；702-铝箔布；703-气凝胶。
图11为管道伴热装置的结构示意图；
图12为管道伴热装置设置在伴热管道和被伴热管道之间的结构示意图；
其中，1-金属绑扎带；2-管道伴热装置；3-伴热管道；4-导热胶泥；5-被伴热管道；201-凸起型结构；202-凹槽型结构；203-预留孔；204-受力点。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明做进一步的详细说明：本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述实施例。
如图1所示，防腐节能的保温系统，被伴热装置包括：管道、弯头、阀门、管托或法兰；保温系统紧密设置在被伴热装置的外部，被伴热装置外依次设置有保温内层1和保温外层4；保温内层1和保温外层4之间填充有二氧化碳3，保温内层1和保温外层4之间还设置有木质吸水装置2；湿度测量装置5中设置有热敏电阻试纸或变色硅胶。
湿度测量装置5内置于观察窗6与木质吸水装置2之间，保温外层4上与湿度测量装置5相对应的位置设置有观察窗6。观察窗6通过防腐密封胶紧密设置在保温外层4上。保温外层4上设置有防腐层。
如图2所示，保温外层4的直缝处采用上下搭接的方式进行密封；上下搭接处为多层内外折弯结构，多层内外折弯结构的中间设置有密封垫8，多层内外折弯结构的中间还贯穿有螺栓7；贯穿螺栓7的通道中设置有防腐密封胶；螺栓7结合密封垫8和防腐密封胶形成双密封系统，对保温系统进行紧固密封。
如图3所示，保温外层4由相互对称的上下两瓣组成；上保护层15和下保护层16的中间设置有橡胶垫，螺栓7结合密封垫形成密封系统，对保温系统进行紧固密封。
如图4所示，被伴热装置为直管，在直管上设置有硬质隔热层10，在保温系统的端部设置有支撑侧板9，支撑侧板9与硬质隔热层10相互衔接，衔接处通过防腐密封胶11进行密封；支撑侧板9与保温系统相互衔接，衔接处设置有防腐蚀保护层13，并设置有波纹橡胶管12，衔接处通过防腐密封胶11进行密封。在直管上，根据直管长度设置有波纹管14。
如图5所示，湿度测量装置5外置于保温系统，通过支撑侧板9上的预留孔插入保温系统，以测量保温内层1和木质吸水装置2的湿度。支撑侧板9上的预留孔与湿度测量装置5的衔接处通过防腐密封胶11进行密封。
如图6所示，防腐节能的保温系统可适用于管道保温17、弯头保温18、阀门保温盒19、管托保温盒20、法兰保温盒21。
实施例1：
直管上安装保温内层1，使用电加热，加热烘干后安装无毒无污染的木质吸水装置2，并在木质吸水装置2上安装湿度测量装置5，再安装保温外层2，从直管的一端在保温内层1和保温外层2之间填充二氧化碳3，通过设置在保温外层4上的观察窗6随时查看湿度测量装置5。
实施例2：
如图7所示，可拆卸式阀门保冷装置为左右对称的两瓣式结构，设置在低温阀门1和低温管道8的外部，主要包括外保护层3、玻璃棉外保护层5、气凝胶保冷层6、保温支撑7、玻璃棉保冷层9和橡塑保冷层11；
所述可拆卸式阀门保冷装置由外保护层3和保温支撑7组成密闭结构；所述外保护层3的内壁上固定设置有玻璃棉外保护层5；低温阀门1的法兰、外保护层3和保温支撑7之间紧密填充有可拆卸的气凝胶保冷层6；所述保温支撑7、低温管道8和法兰螺栓10之间紧密填充有可拆卸的玻璃棉保冷层9，低温阀门1的其他外壁上填充有橡塑保冷层11。
所述低温阀门1与外保护层3的接触处设置有粘性胶2；所述外保护层3与保温支撑7的接触处设置有粘性胶2；所述保温支撑7与低温管道8的接触处设置有粘性胶2。
如图8所示，所述保温支撑7为主要由气凝胶703组成的复合式保温结构，所述气凝胶703设置有两层或多层，分层错缝安装在低温管道8的外壁上，气凝胶703的外部包覆有铝箔布702，铝箔布702的外部设置有绑扎带701；气凝胶703通过绑扎带701紧密固定在低温管道8上；
所述气凝胶保冷层6设置有两层或多层，分层错缝安装在低温阀门1的法兰上，气凝胶保冷层6的外部包覆有铝箔布，铝箔布的外部设置有绑扎带； 气凝胶保冷层6通过绑扎带紧密固定在低温阀门1的法兰上。
如图9所示，所述气凝胶703或气凝胶保冷层6通过专用夹具预先固定为预制结构，再安装至相应位置；专用夹具的可拆卸夹身14保留在预制结构中，专用夹具的可拆卸夹柄12能够通过可拆卸螺栓13与可拆卸夹身14相连接，从而实现预制结构的整体拆卸。
如图10所示，所述外保护层3的两瓣搭接处外置有粘性胶2，并在粘性胶2的外部设置有外保护层安装盖板15，外保护层安装盖板15通过外保护层安装螺栓4固定设置在外保护层3上。
1、制作气凝胶预制结构：
将两层或多层气凝胶703或气凝胶保冷层6通过专用夹具采用层与层之间错缝安装的方式预先固定，并在气凝胶的外表面包覆铝箔布702，然后用绑扎带701裹紧，使得层与层之间紧密贴实，呈现真空状态。专用夹具的可拆卸夹身14保留在预制结构中，专用夹具的可拆卸夹柄12能够通过可拆卸螺栓13与可拆卸夹身14相连接，更换预制结构时只需通过可拆卸螺栓13，即可实现预制结构的整体拆卸。
2、安装气凝胶预制结构：
将气凝胶预制结构安装在低温管道8上，以形成保温支撑7；将玻璃棉保冷层9紧密填充在保温支撑7、低温管道8和法兰螺栓10之间，将橡塑保冷层11紧密填充在低温阀门1的其他外壁上，使填充后的阀门外形圆整化，再将气凝胶预制结构安装在低温阀门1的法兰上，以形成气凝胶保冷层6。
3、安装外保护层：
外保护层3的内壁上固定设置有玻璃棉外保护层5，将外保护层3紧密 套装在保温支撑7和气凝胶保冷层6的外部，在外保护层3的两瓣搭接处打有粘性胶2，并在粘性胶2的外部安装外保护层安装盖板15，外保护层安装盖板15通过外保护层安装螺栓4固定设置在外保护层3上。
4、在衔接处均使用粘性胶：
低温阀门与外保护层的接触处设置有粘性胶；外保护层与保温支撑的接触处设置有粘性胶；保温支撑与低温管道的接触处设置有粘性胶，做到完全与空气隔绝。
实施例3：
如图11和12所示，管道伴热装置2设置在伴热管道3和被伴热管道5之间，并与二者紧密贴合；所述管道伴热装置2的外表面设置有凸起型结构201，并设置有供金属绑扎带1穿过的预留孔203；凸起型结构201与金属绑扎带1之间存在受力点204，受力挤压的凸起型结构201在金属绑扎带1与受力点204的协同作用下发生局部变形，使管道伴热装置2与伴热管道3紧固连接的同时达到紧密贴合。
所述管道伴热装置2内表面设置有凹槽型结构202，凹槽型结构202中涂抹有导热胶泥4，在导热胶泥4的作用下，受力挤压的管道伴热装置2能与伴热管3紧密贴合。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，这些具体实施方式都是基于本发明整体构思下的不同实现方式，而且本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 防腐节能的保温系统，其特征在于：
    被伴热装置包括：管道、弯头、阀门、管托或法兰；
    保温系统紧密设置在被伴热装置的外部，被伴热装置外依次设置有保温内层(1)和保温外层(4)；所述保温内层(1)和保温外层(4)之间填充有二氧化碳(3)，所述保温内层(1)和保温外层(4)之间还设置有木质吸水装置(2)；湿度测量装置(5)中设置有热敏电阻试纸或变色硅胶。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防腐节能的保温系统，其特征在于：
    所述湿度测量装置(5)内置于观察窗(6)与木质吸水装置(2)之间，所述保温外层(4)上与湿度测量装置(5)相对应的位置设置有观察窗(6)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的防腐节能的保温系统，其特征在于：
    所述湿度测量装置(5)外置于保温系统，通过支撑侧板(9)上的预留孔插入保温系统，支撑侧板(9)上的预留孔与湿度测量装置(5)的衔接处通过防腐密封胶(11)进行密封。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的防腐节能的保温系统，其特征在于：
    所述保温外层(4)的直缝处采用上下搭接的方式进行密封；上下搭接处为多层内外折弯结构，多层内外折弯结构的中间设置有密封垫(8)，多层内外折弯结构的中间还贯穿有螺栓(7)；贯穿螺栓(7)的通道中设置有防腐密封胶；螺栓(7)结合密封垫(8)和防腐密封胶形成双密封系统，对保温系统进行紧固密封。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的防腐节能的保温系统，其特征在于：
    所述保温外层(4)由相互对称的上下两瓣组成；上保护层(15)和下保护层(16)的中间设置有橡胶垫，螺栓(7)结合密封垫形成密封系统，对保温系统进行紧固密封。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的防腐节能的保温系统，其特征在于：
    被伴热装置为直管，在直管上设置有硬质隔热层(10)，在保温系统的 端部设置有支撑侧板(9)，所述支撑侧板(9)与硬质隔热层(10)相互衔接，衔接处通过防腐密封胶(11)进行密封；所述支撑侧板(9)与保温系统相互衔接，衔接处设置有防腐蚀保护层(13)，并设置有波纹橡胶管(12)，衔接处通过防腐密封胶(11)进行密封。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的防腐节能的保温系统，其特征在于：
    在所述直管上，根据直管长度设置有波纹管(14)。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的防腐节能的保温系统，其特征在于：
    所述观察窗(6)通过防腐密封胶紧密设置在保温外层(4)上。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的防腐节能的保温系统，其特征在于：
    所述保温外层(4)上设置有防腐层。
  10. 可拆卸式阀门保冷装置，其特征在于：
    所述可拆卸式阀门保冷装置为左右对称的两瓣式结构，设置在低温阀门(1)和低温管道(8)的外部，主要包括外保护层(3)、玻璃棉外保护层(5)、气凝胶保冷层(6)、保温支撑(7)、玻璃棉保冷层(9)和橡塑保冷层(11)；
    所述可拆卸式阀门保冷装置由外保护层(3)和保温支撑(7)组成密闭结构；所述外保护层(3)的内壁上固定设置有玻璃棉外保护层(5)；低温阀门(1)的法兰、外保护层(3)和保温支撑(7)之间紧密填充有可拆卸的气凝胶保冷层(6)；所述保温支撑(7)、低温管道(8)和法兰螺栓(10)之间紧密填充有可拆卸的玻璃棉保冷层(9)，低温阀门(1)的其他外壁上填充有橡塑保冷层(11)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的可拆卸式阀门保冷装置，其特征在于：
    所述保温支撑(7)为主要由气凝胶(703)组成的复合式保温结构，所述气凝胶(703)设置有两层或多层，分层错缝安装在低温管道(8)的外壁上，气凝胶(703)的外部包覆有铝箔布(702)，铝箔布(702)的外部设置有绑扎带(701)；气凝胶(703)通过绑扎带(701)紧密固定在低温管道(8)上；
    所述气凝胶保冷层(6)设置有两层或多层，分层错缝安装在低温阀门(1)的法兰上，气凝胶保冷层(6)的外部包覆有铝箔布，铝箔布的外部设置有绑扎带；气凝胶保冷层(6)通过绑扎带紧密固定在低温阀门(1)的法兰上。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的可拆卸式阀门保冷装置，其特征在于：
    所述外保护层(3)的两瓣搭接处外置有粘性胶(2)，并在粘性胶(2)的外部设置有外保护层安装盖板(15)，外保护层安装盖板(15)通过外保护层安装螺栓(4)固定设置在外保护层(3)上。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的可拆卸式阀门保冷装置，其特征在于：
    所述气凝胶(703)或气凝胶保冷层(6)通过专用夹具预先固定为预制结构，再安装至相应位置；专用夹具的可拆卸夹身(14)保留在预制结构中，专用夹具的可拆卸夹柄(12)能够通过可拆卸螺栓(13)与可拆卸夹身(14)相连接，从而实现预制结构的整体拆卸。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的可拆卸式阀门保冷装置，其特征在于：
    所述低温阀门(1)与外保护层(3)的接触处设置有粘性胶(2)；所述外保护层(3)与保温支撑(7)的接触处设置有粘性胶(2)；所述保温支撑(7)与低温管道(8)的接触处设置有粘性胶(2)。
  15. 管道伴热装置，其特征在于：
    管道伴热装置(2)设置在伴热管道(3)和被伴热管道(5)之间，并与二者紧密贴合；所述管道伴热装置(2)的外表面设置有凸起型结构(201)，并设置有供金属绑扎带(1)穿过的预留孔(203)；凸起型结构(201)与金属绑扎带(1)之间存在受力点(204)，受力挤压的凸起型结构(201)在金属绑扎带(1)与受力点(204)的协同作用下发生局部变形，使管道伴热装置(2)与伴热管道(3)紧固连接的同时达到紧密贴合。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的管道伴热装置，其特征在于：
    所述管道伴热装置(2)的内表面设置有凹槽型结构(202)，凹槽型结构(202) 中涂抹有导热胶泥(4)，在导热胶泥(4)的作用下，受力挤压的管道伴热装置(2)能与伴热管(3)紧密贴合。
PCT/CN2022/070003 2021-02-09 2022-01-01 保温系统、可拆卸式阀门保冷装置以及管道伴热装置 WO2022170889A1 (zh)

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