WO2022167838A1 - Lightweight balsa wood panels for decorative and acoustic uses - Google Patents

Lightweight balsa wood panels for decorative and acoustic uses Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022167838A1
WO2022167838A1 PCT/IB2021/050888 IB2021050888W WO2022167838A1 WO 2022167838 A1 WO2022167838 A1 WO 2022167838A1 IB 2021050888 W IB2021050888 W IB 2021050888W WO 2022167838 A1 WO2022167838 A1 WO 2022167838A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
decorative
boards
wood
balsa wood
acoustic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2021/050888
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Orlando ZAMBRANO ZAMBRANO
Original Assignee
Zambrano Zambrano Orlando
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zambrano Zambrano Orlando filed Critical Zambrano Zambrano Orlando
Priority to PCT/IB2021/050888 priority Critical patent/WO2022167838A1/en
Publication of WO2022167838A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022167838A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27F—DOVETAILED WORK; TENONS; SLOTTING MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES
    • B27F1/00—Dovetailed work; Tenons; Making tongues or grooves; Groove- and- tongue jointed work; Finger- joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/13—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board all layers being exclusively wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/072—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of specially adapted, structured or shaped covering or lining elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/072—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of specially adapted, structured or shaped covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/075—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of specially adapted, structured or shaped covering or lining elements for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise or impact
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the sector of wood products for decorative and acoustic uses.
  • the Balsa is a fast-growing tree, whose planting process begins in the germinators, where the seed is introduced using plastic covers with a mixture of soil and river sand. Once the seed is introduced, it will take between 10 and 15 days to have a plant, which will later be replanted in the soils previously prepared to receive them.
  • the harvest of the tree begins with the felling and later the obtaining of the logs or logs, which can have lengths between 0.90 m - 2.50 m depending on the industry to which it is directed.
  • the logs are generally 1.30 m long, due to the difficulties of extracting the wood from the lowlands and the mountains, which generally implies the use of donkeys, mules, until reaching neighborhood roads that allow the entry of small trucks or the use of rivers until reaching beaches that have roads or highways.
  • native wood since more than 60% of the Balsa used comes from rapidly regenerating native forests. the rest of the plantations.
  • solid wooden staves as coatings is the most traditional, these are manufactured starting from logs of wood, which are sawn, cut and dried, until obtaining dimensioned pieces with the appropriate measures to be molded according to the specified model.
  • composites that are made with a cheap solid wood substrate in its structure and a more valuable wood laminate.
  • the invention consists of boards made from balsa wood for decorative and acoustic uses such as floor and wall coverings, immunized by vacuum pressure in an autoclave against fungi and insects and with greater resistance to fire. (Figs. 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6).
  • the autoclave process consists of entering the balsa wood in an airtight chamber and applying a vacuum pump to free it of any free water particles, after which a chemical, in our case borax and acid, is introduced with 140 psi pressure. boric, so that it penetrates the entire wood being 100% impregnated.
  • a chemical in our case borax and acid
  • Drying is carried out in "Dry kiln" chambers in which, in addition to achieving the percentage loss of moisture in the wood, up to 8%.
  • We will additionally use a technique called equalization at the end of drying, which will give us the advantage of guaranteeing the stability of the boards or staves.
  • Our boards have an average weight between 250 - 300 kg/m3. This will not only facilitate its handling, but will also require simpler and lighter structures for its installation, improving material and installation costs.
  • Our boards are also made up of sheets or planks dimensioned and then glued on their longitudinal faces, to later be used as "long grain” boards, that is, those whose grain is parallel to the board, in this way the board or stave obtains a better resistance.
  • FIGURE 1 Slatted board formed with balsa wood planks glued with Edge Glue in a “long grain” direction.
  • FIGURE 2. Decorative Balsa board dimensioned at 60.3 cm x 121.4 cm, veneered on both sides with selected wood.
  • FIGURE 3 Decorative Balsa board with acoustic perforations as established in the specifications.
  • FIGURE 4. Longitudinal section of the board at 16 cm x 122 cm.
  • FIGURE 5. Board as a decorative element, a tongue-and-groove system is used.
  • FIGURE 6 Board as a decorative and acoustic element, which is achieved by drilling the floorboard or leaving a space between floorboard and floorboard of 1/2 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to panels made from balsa wood for decorative and acoustic uses such as ceiling and wall cladding, immunised by vacuum pressure autoclaving against fungi and insects and with increased fire resistance.

Description

Tableros Alivianados de Madera de Balsa para Usos Decorativos y Acústicos Balsa Wood Lightened Boards for Decorative and Acoustic Uses
La presente invención se refiere al sector de los productos de madera para usos decorativos y acústicos. The present invention relates to the sector of wood products for decorative and acoustic uses.
ANTECEDENTES BACKGROUND
La Balsa es un árbol de rápido crecimiento, cuyo proceso de siembra comienza en los germinadores, donde utilizando fundas plásticas con una mezcla de tierra y arena de rio se introduce la semilla. Una vez introducida la semilla, tomará entre 10 y 15 días el contar ya con una planta, que posteriormente será replantada a los suelos previamente preparados para recibirlas. The Balsa is a fast-growing tree, whose planting process begins in the germinators, where the seed is introduced using plastic covers with a mixture of soil and river sand. Once the seed is introduced, it will take between 10 and 15 days to have a plant, which will later be replanted in the soils previously prepared to receive them.
La cosecha del árbol se empieza con la tala y posteriormente la obtención de las trozas o tucas, mismas que pueden tener largos de entre 0.90 m - 2.50 m dependiendo de la industria a la cual está dirigida. Cuando la madera no proviene de plantación, sino de bosques nativos por lo general las trozas son de 1 .30 m de largo, debido a las dificultades de sacar la madera de los bajos y las montañas, lo que generalmente implica utilizar burros, muías, hasta llegar a caminos vecinales que permitan el ingreso de camionetas pequeñas o la utilización de ríos hasta llegar a playas que cuenten con caminos o carreteras. Hacemos énfasis en la madera nativa, pues mas del 60% de la Balsa utilizada proviene de bosques nativos de rápida regeneración. El resto de plantaciones. The harvest of the tree begins with the felling and later the obtaining of the logs or logs, which can have lengths between 0.90 m - 2.50 m depending on the industry to which it is directed. When the wood does not come from plantations, but from native forests, the logs are generally 1.30 m long, due to the difficulties of extracting the wood from the lowlands and the mountains, which generally implies the use of donkeys, mules, until reaching neighborhood roads that allow the entry of small trucks or the use of rivers until reaching beaches that have roads or highways. We emphasize native wood, since more than 60% of the Balsa used comes from rapidly regenerating native forests. the rest of the plantations.
Actualmente en el mercado de revestimientos de tumbados y paredes existen vahos productos. Los tradicionales, que son en base a diferentes especies de maderas sólidas, y los de ingeniería, que utilizan tableros en su estructura, estos tableros están compuestos por partículas trituradas de madera o plástico aglutinadas entre si con una capa superficial de madera o de films y lacas que simulan madera. Currently on the market for floor and wall coverings there are several products. The traditional ones, which are based on different species of solid wood, and the engineered ones, which use boards in their structure, these boards are made up of crushed particles of wood or plastic bonded together with a surface layer of wood or film and lacquers that simulate wood.
El uso de duelas de madera solidas como revestimientos es el más tradicional, estas se fabrican partiendo de trozas de madera, que son aserradas, cortadas y secadas, hasta conseguir piezas dimensionadas con las medidas apropiadas para ser molduradas según el modelo especificado. Existen también compuestos que se hacen con un sustrato de madera sólida barata en su estructura y un laminado de madera mas valiosa. The use of solid wooden staves as coatings is the most traditional, these are manufactured starting from logs of wood, which are sawn, cut and dried, until obtaining dimensioned pieces with the appropriate measures to be molded according to the specified model. There are also composites that are made with a cheap solid wood substrate in its structure and a more valuable wood laminate.
De acuerdo a nuestras investigaciones actualmente no existen productos elaborados con madera de balsa para usos en decorativos y acústicos. According to our investigations, there are currently no products made with balsa wood for decorative and acoustic uses.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL INVENTO DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El invento consiste en tableros elaborados con madera de balsa para usos decorativos y acústicos tales como revestimientos de tumbados y paredes, inmunizados mediante vacío presión en autoclave contra hongos e insectos y con una mayor resistencia al fuego. (Figs. 1 ,2, 3, 4, 5, 6). The invention consists of boards made from balsa wood for decorative and acoustic uses such as floor and wall coverings, immunized by vacuum pressure in an autoclave against fungi and insects and with greater resistance to fire. (Figs. 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6).
El proceso autclave consiste en ingresar la madera de balsa en una cámara hermética y aplicarle una bomba de vacio, para liberarla de cualquier partícula de agua libre, luego de lo cual se le introduce con 140 psi de presión un químico en nuestro caso bórax y ácido bórico, para que penetre en toda la madera quedando 100% impregnada. The autoclave process consists of entering the balsa wood in an airtight chamber and applying a vacuum pump to free it of any free water particles, after which a chemical, in our case borax and acid, is introduced with 140 psi pressure. boric, so that it penetrates the entire wood being 100% impregnated.
El secado se realiza en cámaras “Dry kiln” en las cuales a mas de lograr la perdida porcentual de humedad de la madera, hasta llegar al 8%. Nosotros adicionalmente usaremos una técnica al final del secado denominada ecualización, lo que nos dará la ventaja de garantizar la estabilidad de los tableros o duelas. Drying is carried out in "Dry kiln" chambers in which, in addition to achieving the percentage loss of moisture in the wood, up to 8%. We will additionally use a technique called equalization at the end of drying, which will give us the advantage of guaranteeing the stability of the boards or staves.
Nuestro tableros tienen un promedio de peso entre los 250 - 300 kg/m3. Lo que facilitará no solo la manipulación del mismo, sino que también requerirá de estructuras más sencillas y livianas para su instalación, mejorando costos en materiales y de instalación. Our boards have an average weight between 250 - 300 kg/m3. This will not only facilitate its handling, but will also require simpler and lighter structures for its installation, improving material and installation costs.
Nuestros tableros además están compuestos por láminas o planks dimensionadas y luego pegadas en sus caras longitudinales, para luego ser utilizados como tableros “long grain”, es decir aquellos que se tienen la fibra paralela al tablero, de esta forma el tablero o duela obtiene una mejor resistencia. Our boards are also made up of sheets or planks dimensioned and then glued on their longitudinal faces, to later be used as "long grain" boards, that is, those whose grain is parallel to the board, in this way the board or stave obtains a better resistance.
Si comparamos las plantas procesadores de tableros aglomerados, sean de origen vegetal o plástico, con la línea de producción de nuestros tableros, nos damos cuenta que por tratarse de una madera de muy baja densidad, se requiere de maquinarias mucho más simples, ya que no se tiene que moler la madera para producir el tablero, lo que reduce considerablemente el costo de producción. If we compare the chipboard processing plants, whether of plant or plastic origin, with the production line for our boards, we realize that since it is a very low-density wood, much simpler machinery is required, since it does not the wood has to be ground to produce the board, which greatly reduces the cost of production.
Tradicionalmente este tipo de recubrimientos de tumbado se tiene que instalar con una estructura pesada de metal o madera. Esto se debe a que los tableros o duelas solidas tienen una densidad de 550 - 900 kg/m3. Descripción detallada de los dibujos Traditionally this type of flooring has to be installed with a heavy metal or wooden structure. This is because solid boards or staves have a density of 550 - 900 kg/m3. Detailed description of the drawings
FIGURA 1.- Tablero alistonado formado con planks de madera de balsa pegados Edge Glue en sentido “long grain”. FIGURA 2.- Tablero de Balsa decorativo dimensionado a 60.3 cm x 121 .4 cm, enchapado en ambas caras con madera seleccionada. FIGURE 1.- Slatted board formed with balsa wood planks glued with Edge Glue in a “long grain” direction. FIGURE 2.- Decorative Balsa board dimensioned at 60.3 cm x 121.4 cm, veneered on both sides with selected wood.
FIGURA 3.- Tablero de Balsa decorativo con perforaciones acústicas según se establece en las especificaciones. FIGURE 3.- Decorative Balsa board with acoustic perforations as established in the specifications.
FIGURA 4.- Corte longitudinal del tablero a 16 cm x 122 cm. FIGURA 5.- Tablero como elemento decorativo, se utiliza sistema de machimbrado. FIGURE 4.- Longitudinal section of the board at 16 cm x 122 cm. FIGURE 5.- Board as a decorative element, a tongue-and-groove system is used.
FIGURA 6.- Tablero como elemento decorativo y acústico, que se consigue perforando la duela o dejando un espacio entre duela y duela de 1/2. FIGURE 6.- Board as a decorative and acoustic element, which is achieved by drilling the floorboard or leaving a space between floorboard and floorboard of 1/2 .

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1.- Un producto para usos decorativos y acústicos que COMPRENDE tableros elaborados con madera de balsa de diferentes tamaños y medidas. (Figuras 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) 1.- A product for decorative and acoustic uses that INCLUDES boards made from balsa wood of different sizes and measurements. (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
2.- Un producto según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque los tableros están compuestos por láminas o planks dimensionadas y luego pegadas en sus caras longitudinales. (Figuras 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)2. A product according to claim 1, characterized in that the boards are made up of dimensioned sheets or planks and then glued on their longitudinal faces. (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
3.- Un producto según reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque los tableros tienen un peso no superior a los 300kg/m3. 3. A product according to claim 2, characterized in that the boards have a weight not exceeding 300kg/m3.
4.- Un producto según reivindicación 3, caracterizado porque los tableros han sido inmunizados mediante vacío presión en autoclave contra hongos e insectos y con una mayor resistencia al fuego. 4. A product according to claim 3, characterized in that the boards have been immunized by means of vacuum pressure in an autoclave against fungi and insects and with greater resistance to fire.
5 5
PCT/IB2021/050888 2021-02-04 2021-02-04 Lightweight balsa wood panels for decorative and acoustic uses WO2022167838A1 (en)

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PCT/IB2021/050888 WO2022167838A1 (en) 2021-02-04 2021-02-04 Lightweight balsa wood panels for decorative and acoustic uses

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PCT/IB2021/050888 WO2022167838A1 (en) 2021-02-04 2021-02-04 Lightweight balsa wood panels for decorative and acoustic uses

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1215538A (en) * 1968-04-01 1970-12-09 Balsa Dev Corp Improvements in or relating to tessellated contour-core blanket and machine for manufacture thereof
US4204900A (en) * 1979-02-13 1980-05-27 Baltek Corporation Method of producing thin balsa wood sheets
US4461666A (en) * 1980-05-12 1984-07-24 Baltek Corporation Contoured balsa-core laminate
US5716476A (en) * 1995-09-15 1998-02-10 Baltek Corporation Balsa core laminate having bevelled edges
US20110064907A1 (en) * 2008-05-15 2011-03-17 3A Technology & Management Shaped articles with balsa wood and method of producing them
AU2016202648A1 (en) * 2015-04-27 2016-11-10 Esplin, Lauren S MS Wall Surface Covering The present invention relates to surface coverings in particular, though not exclusively, wall surface coverings and functional wall surface coverings for use as a headboard for a bed.

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1215538A (en) * 1968-04-01 1970-12-09 Balsa Dev Corp Improvements in or relating to tessellated contour-core blanket and machine for manufacture thereof
US4204900A (en) * 1979-02-13 1980-05-27 Baltek Corporation Method of producing thin balsa wood sheets
US4461666A (en) * 1980-05-12 1984-07-24 Baltek Corporation Contoured balsa-core laminate
US5716476A (en) * 1995-09-15 1998-02-10 Baltek Corporation Balsa core laminate having bevelled edges
US20110064907A1 (en) * 2008-05-15 2011-03-17 3A Technology & Management Shaped articles with balsa wood and method of producing them
AU2016202648A1 (en) * 2015-04-27 2016-11-10 Esplin, Lauren S MS Wall Surface Covering The present invention relates to surface coverings in particular, though not exclusively, wall surface coverings and functional wall surface coverings for use as a headboard for a bed.

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